A rotary cutter having a space grid texture

Abstract

The application discloses a rotary cutter with a space grid texture, which comprises a clamping part and a cutting part fixedly connected along a central axis, an end surface of the clamping part away from the cutting part is a clamping end surface, an outer circumferential surface of the clamping part is a clamping circumferential surface, a circumferential surface of the cutting part is provided with a plurality of side cutting units, an end surface of the cutting part away from the clamping part is provided with a plurality of end cutting units, the clamping circumferential surface of the clamping part is provided with a texture rib platform, the texture rib platform comprises a core platform, a circumferential platform and a plurality of radial rib platforms connecting the core platform and the circumferential platform, the core platform and the circumferential platform are annular, each radial rib platform is arranged at intervals around the circumferential direction of the core platform and / or the circumferential platform, and texture recesses for reducing the weight of the clamping part and improving the anti-vibration capacity of the clamping part are arranged between adjacent radial rib platforms. The rotary cutter with the space grid texture has the advantages of light weight and high anti-vibration performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting tool technology, and more specifically to a rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture. Background Technology

[0002] Rotary cutting tools (such as milling cutters, drills, and boring tools) are among the most widely used tools in metal cutting. In recent years, with the increasing demands for equipment performance in aerospace, energy, and precision manufacturing, the application of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys, and high-strength composite materials has become increasingly widespread. These materials typically possess characteristics such as high hardness, high specific strength, low thermal conductivity, and significant anisotropy, making them highly susceptible to chatter and excessively high temperatures in the cutting zone during machining, severely restricting the improvement of machining efficiency and accuracy. On the one hand, chatter leads to deterioration of workpiece surface quality, decreased machining dimensional accuracy, and accelerated tool wear and chipping, shortening tool life. On the other hand, because traditional rotary cutting tools often employ lateral jet cooling, the coolant cannot directly act on the tool-chip contact area and the cutting edge tip, resulting in limited cooling effect and exacerbating the rise in cutting temperature. This, in turn, induces tool thermal fatigue failure and micro-cracks on the workpiece surface, significantly increasing machining costs.

[0003] To suppress cutting chatter, various passive vibration damping tool solutions have been developed in existing technologies. Classified by technical principle, these mainly include damping energy dissipation vibration damping, dynamic vibration absorption vibration damping, and mass redistribution vibration damping. Damping energy dissipation vibration damping involves placing a damping layer made of viscoelastic material or damping alloy inside the tool, utilizing the material's high internal friction characteristics to dissipate vibration energy. Examples include confined damping layer end mills and tools filled with viscoelastic materials. Dynamic vibration absorption vibration damping involves placing a tuned mass damper inside the tool body, causing the secondary mass to generate a reverse inertial force relative to the primary mass, thereby suppressing vibrations in specific modes. In recent years, research has attempted to fill the interior of cutting tools with metal lattice structures, utilizing the porous nature of the lattice structure to provide a high damping effect. Combined with damping particle filling, this further enhances energy dissipation performance, thus simultaneously achieving the dual effects of dynamic vibration absorption and energy dissipation. Experimental results show that the stability limit of such tools can be improved by more than 100% compared to traditional solid tools. While these existing technologies have improved the vibration resistance of cutting tools to some extent, they all share the following drawbacks: the tool body is still based on a solid structure, and vibration reduction is achieved by creating internal cavities or filling with damping materials. This results in a relatively large overall tool mass, failing to effectively meet the requirements for lightweight design. The vibration reduction and cooling functions are designed independently, with both damping cavities and cooling channels existing inside the tool. This makes the structure complex, difficult to manufacture, and the coolant cannot simultaneously achieve coordinated cooling of the cutting area and the tool body. Furthermore, most of the aforementioned existing technologies only optimize the vibration reduction performance of the tool, neglecting the impact of the tool's own weight on centrifugal force and dynamic balance performance under high-speed rotation, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive requirements of high-speed, high-efficiency cutting scenarios.

[0004] In the area of ​​lightweight tool design, existing patents have proposed a solution that increases the tool's natural frequency and enhances process damping by reducing weight through axial drilling of the end mill. Essentially, this involves reducing the tool's mass to increase its natural frequency, thereby suppressing chatter. However, this type of solution only involves a single axial through-hole at the tool's axis, with a smooth cylindrical wall. This results in limited weight reduction, and the single circular through-hole structure cannot provide anisotropic stiffness distribution and multiple damping effects while simultaneously reducing weight. Furthermore, it cannot be functionally integrated with a cooling channel system.

[0005] In summary, existing rotary cutting tools generally suffer from significant cutting vibrations, large tool weight, and insufficient integration of multiple functions such as lightweight design and vibration resistance when cutting difficult-to-machine materials. Therefore, providing a rotary cutting tool that combines lightweight design with high vibration resistance has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture that is both lightweight and has high vibration resistance.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture includes a clamping part and a cutting part fixedly connected along a central axis. The end face of the clamping part away from the cutting part is designated as a clamping end face, and the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part is designated as a clamping peripheral surface. The peripheral side of the cutting part is provided with multiple side cutting units, and the end face of the cutting part away from the clamping part is provided with multiple end cutting units. The clamping peripheral surface of the clamping part is provided with textured ribs, each textured rib including a core platform, a peripheral platform, and multiple radial ribs connecting the core platform and the peripheral platform. The core platform and the peripheral platform are both annular. Each radial rib is arranged circumferentially around the core platform and / or the peripheral platform. A textured recess is provided between adjacent radial ribs to reduce the weight of the clamping part and improve the vibration resistance of the clamping part.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The textured recess includes multiple inner textured recesses and outer textured recesses, and a reinforcing rib is formed between the inner textured recesses and the outer textured recesses. The reinforcing rib connects the core platform and the peripheral platform.

[0009] The core platform has a core recess at its center, and the reinforcing rib platform has a core texture recess at its center.

[0010] The core platform, peripheral platform, and core recess are all coaxial with the central axis of the clamping part.

[0011] Each of the reinforcing ribs is evenly distributed around the central axis.

[0012] Each of the described textured reinforcement ribs is evenly distributed around the central axis, and the included angle between adjacent radial reinforcement ribs is 45° to 90°.

[0013] The number of radial ribs is M, and the number of reinforcing ribs is N, which should satisfy: 0.5M≤N≤M, 2≤M≤8, 2≤N≤8.

[0014] The inner texture recess, outer texture recess, and core texture recess all extend threadedly around the central axis, and their helix angles are α1, α2, and α3, respectively, which should satisfy: 15°≤α1≤40°, 15°≤α2≤40°, 15°≤α3≤40°, 1.2≤α1 / α3, and α3 / α2≤1.5.

[0015] The axial step distances of the adjacent texture recesses corresponding to the inner texture recess, outer texture recess, and core texture recess on the normal plane passing through the central axis are p1, p2, and p3, respectively, and should satisfy: 0.3D≤p1≤0.6D, 0.3D≤p2≤0.6D, 0.3D≤p3≤0.6D, 0≤p1-p3≤5mm, 0≤p3-p2≤5mm, where D is the cutting diameter of the cutting part.

[0016] The side cutting unit extends spirally around the central axis, and the helix angle of the side cutting unit on the central axis is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°.

[0017] The reinforcing rib is cross-shaped.

[0018] The textured recess extends through to the clamping end face, the circumferential contour area of ​​the clamping end face is S, and the area of ​​the textured recess on the clamping end face is s, which should satisfy: 0.3S≤s≤0.5S.

[0019] The cutting diameter of the cutting part is D, and the diameter d of the core stage should satisfy: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D.

[0020] A transition surface is provided between the clamping circumferential surface and the cutting part, and a chip groove is provided between adjacent side cutting units. The clamping part has a cooling channel in the clamping circumferential surface, one end of which is connected to the clamping end face, and the other end is connected to the chip groove and / or the transition surface.

[0021] The clamping part is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part is made of diamond; or, the clamping part is made of mold steel, and the cutting part is made of cemented carbide; or, both the clamping part and the cutting part are made of cemented carbide.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: This invention relates to a rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture. By incorporating a "spatial grid texture" consisting of a core platform, a peripheral platform, and radial rib platforms within the clamping section, and creating textured recesses between adjacent radial rib platforms, this structure maximizes the preservation of the force transmission path and stiffness of the clamping section while maintaining a high material removal rate. Its principle is similar to a truss in a building structure. The core platform and peripheral platform provide continuous annular support, while the radial rib platforms act as radial main load-bearing ribs, transmitting cutting torque and bending moment from the cutting section to the clamping circumference of the clamping section. The textured recesses act as "weight-reducing holes," significantly reducing the overall mass of the cutting tool and thus decreasing centrifugal force and inertial load during high-speed rotation. Simultaneously, because the textured recesses are discontinuously distributed circumferentially, they disrupt the uniform and continuous vibration transmission path of the solid structure, causing cutting chatter energy to be reflected, scattered, and dissipated between different rib platform interfaces, thereby significantly improving the tool's vibration resistance. Therefore, this structure achieves synergistic gains in both lightweighting and vibration resistance, combining both lightweight design and high vibration resistance.

[0023] The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture of the present invention designs the three types of recesses—inner texture recess, outer texture recess, and core texture recess—all as spiral extensions (i.e., threaded). Its technical advantages are: First, when subjected to torque, the spiral surface of the recess can withstand a portion of the torque, effectively increasing the torsional section modulus of the clamping part 1, resulting in higher torsional stiffness compared to a straight groove structure. Second, the spiral recess can act as a natural cooling medium guide channel; when the coolant flows within it, it generates a centrifugal force component along the spiral direction, helping to push the coolant towards the cutting area and overcoming the problem of coolant difficulty reaching the cutting area under high-speed rotation. Third, the helix angles of the three recesses satisfy 1.2≤α1 / α3 and α3 / α2≤1.5, meaning the inner texture recess 51 has the largest helix angle, the core texture recess 53 is in the middle, and the outer texture recess 52 has the smallest. This creates a spiral flow channel with a gradient distribution of "steep outside and gentle inside," which is beneficial for further improving lightweight and high vibration resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of a first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a right view of a first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a main sectional view of the first embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a front view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a right view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutter with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a main sectional view of a second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10This is a front view of the third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a right view of a third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention.

[0035] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Clamping part; 11. Clamping end face; 12. Clamping peripheral surface; 13. Transition surface; 2. Cutting part; 21. Side cutting unit; 22. End cutting unit; 23. Chip groove; 3. Central shaft; 31. Normal surface; 4. Texture rib platform; 41. Core platform; 42. Peripheral platform; 43. Radial rib platform; 44. Core recess; 5. Texture recess; 51. Inner texture recess; 52. Outer texture recess; 53. Core texture recess; 6. Reinforcing rib platform. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1: Figures 1 to 4This invention illustrates a first embodiment of a rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture. The rotary cutting tool of this embodiment includes a clamping part 1 and a cutting part 2 fixedly connected along a central axis 3. The end face of the clamping part 1 away from the cutting part 2 is designated as a clamping end face 11, and the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part 1 is designated as a clamping peripheral surface 12. The peripheral side of the cutting part 2 is provided with multiple side cutting units 21, and the end face of the cutting part 2 away from the clamping part 1 is provided with multiple end cutting units 22. A textured rib platform 4 is provided within the clamping peripheral surface 12 of the clamping part 1. The textured rib platform 4 includes a core platform 41, a peripheral platform 42, and multiple radial rib platforms 43 connecting the core platform 41 and the peripheral platform 42. Both the core platform 41 and the peripheral platform 42 are annular. Each radial rib platform 43 is arranged circumferentially around the core platform 41 and / or the peripheral platform 42. Textured recesses 5 are provided between adjacent radial rib platforms 43 to reduce the weight of the clamping part 1 and improve its vibration resistance.

[0041] This rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture, by setting a "spatial grid texture" composed of a core platform 41, a peripheral platform 42, and radial rib platforms 43 inside the clamping part 1, and forming textured recesses 5 between adjacent radial rib platforms 43, maximizes the preservation of the force transmission path and rigidity of the clamping part 1 while maintaining a high material removal rate. Its principle is similar to a truss in a building structure. The core platform 41 and peripheral platform 42 provide continuous annular support, and the radial rib platforms 43 act as radial main load-bearing ribs, transmitting cutting torque and bending moment from the cutting part 2 to the clamping part 1. The textured recesses 5 are equivalent to "weight-reducing holes," significantly reducing the overall mass of the tool, thereby reducing centrifugal force and inertial load during high-speed rotation. Simultaneously, because the textured recesses 5 are discontinuously distributed in the circumferential direction, they disrupt the uniform and continuous vibration transmission path of the solid structure, causing cutting chatter energy to be reflected, scattered, and dissipated between different rib platform interfaces, thus greatly improving the tool's vibration resistance. Therefore, this structure achieves synergistic gains in both lightweighting and vibration resistance, possessing both lightweight design and high vibration resistance.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the textured recess 5 includes multiple inner textured recesses 51 and outer textured recesses 52, with a reinforcing rib 6 formed between the inner textured recesses 51 and the outer textured recesses 52. The reinforcing rib 6 connects the core platform 41 and the peripheral platform 42. By further dividing the textured recess 5 into inner textured recesses 51 and outer textured recesses 52, and forming a reinforcing rib 6 between them, a composite unit of "multiple recesses - single rib" is actually constructed. The principle of this design is that the inner textured recesses 51 are close to the core platform 41 and mainly undertake the function of weight reduction; the outer textured recesses 52 are close to the peripheral platform 42 and, in addition to weight reduction, can also serve as a flow channel for cooling medium; the reinforcing rib 6 serves as a secondary reinforcement structure, not only connecting the core platform 41 and the peripheral platform 42, but also forming continuous reinforcing ribs in the radial direction, avoiding the decrease in radial stiffness of the clamping part 1 caused by opening a wide recess.

[0043] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the core platform 41 has a core recess 44 at its center, and the reinforcing rib platform 6 has a core texture recess 53 at its center. The core recess 44 and the core texture recess 53 further remove material from the core platform 41 and the center of the reinforcing rib platform 6, achieving extreme weight reduction with almost no impact on overall strength. The principle is that during the cutting process of the rotating tool, the shear stress on the core (near the central axis) is close to zero, mainly transmitting axial force and bending moment. Therefore, the removal of core material has minimal impact on load-bearing capacity, but can significantly reduce rotational inertia and improve dynamic balance during high-speed rotation. At the same time, the core texture recess 53 penetrates the center of the reinforcing rib platform 6, providing prefabricated space for the subsequent setting of an axially guided cooling channel inside the reinforcing rib platform 6, realizing an integrated design of "weight reduction-cooling".

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the core platform 41, the peripheral platform 42, and the core recess 44 are all coaxial with the central axis 3 of the clamping part 1, ensuring the dynamic balance performance of the tool when rotating at high speed.

[0045] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each reinforcing rib platform 6 is evenly distributed around the central axis 3.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, each textured rib 4 is evenly distributed around the central axis 3, and the included angle between adjacent radial ribs 43 is 45° to 90°. Preferably, the included angle between adjacent radial ribs 43 is 45°.

[0047] All ribs and recesses are coaxial with the central axis 3 and uniformly distributed circumferentially. The core purpose is to ensure that the tool's mass distribution is completely axially symmetrical about the central axis 3. Under high-speed rotation (typically 2000~20000 rpm), any mass eccentricity will generate a huge centrifugal force imbalance, leading to severe vibration and spindle damage. The uniform distribution design of this invention ensures that even after a large amount of material is removed, the tool's center of mass remains strictly located on the central axis 3, requiring no additional dynamic balancing correction. Furthermore, the included angle between adjacent radial ribs 43 is between 45° and 90°; in this embodiment, it is 45°, meaning there are eight evenly distributed radial ribs 43 circumferentially. This high-density rib layout ensures that the clamping part 1 has similar stiffness and damping characteristics in any radial direction, avoiding modal coupling chatter caused by differences in directional stiffness.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the number of radial rib platforms 43 is M, and the number of reinforcing rib platforms 6 is N, which should satisfy: 0.5M≤N≤M, 2≤M≤8, 2≤N≤8.

[0049] The number M of radial stiffener platforms 43 determines the density of the main load-bearing ribs, while the number N of reinforcing rib platforms 6 determines the density of the secondary reinforcement structure. The requirement of 0.5M ≤ N ≤ M means that the number of reinforcing rib platforms 6 is between half and equal to the number of radial stiffener platforms 43. This ensures that each textured recess 5 has at least one reinforcing rib platform (when N = M), while also allowing some textured recesses 5 to be without reinforcing rib platforms (when N = 0.5M), to accommodate the strength-weight balance requirements of different sized cutting tools. Preferably, M = N = 8.

[0050] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner texture recess 51, the outer texture recess 52, and the core texture recess 53 all extend threadedly around the central axis 3, and their helix angles are α1, α2, and α3, respectively, which should satisfy: 15°≤α1≤40°, 15°≤α2≤40°, 15°≤α3≤40°, 1.2≤α1 / α3, and α3 / α2≤1.5. Preferably, α1=34°, α2=25°, and α3=30°.

[0051] The three types of recesses—inner texture recess 51, outer texture recess 52, and core texture recess 53—are all designed as spiral extensions (i.e., threaded). The technical advantages are: First, when subjected to torque, the spiral surface of the recess can withstand a portion of the torque, effectively increasing the torsional section modulus of the clamping part 1, resulting in higher torsional stiffness compared to a straight groove structure. Second, the spiral recesses can act as natural cooling medium guide channels. When the coolant flows within them, it generates a centrifugal force component along the spiral direction, helping to push the coolant towards the cutting area and overcoming the problem of coolant difficulty reaching the cutting area under high-speed rotation. Third, the helix angles of the three recesses satisfy 1.2≤α1 / α3 and α3 / α2≤1.5, meaning the inner texture recess 51 has the largest helix angle, the core texture recess 53 is in the middle, and the outer texture recess 52 has the smallest. This creates a spiral flow channel with a gradient distribution of "steep outside and gentle inside," which is beneficial for further improving lightweight and high vibration resistance.

[0052] Further, in this embodiment, the axial step distances of adjacent texture recesses 5 corresponding to the inner texture recess 51, outer texture recess 52, and core texture recess 53 on the normal plane 31 passing through the central axis 3 are p1, p2, and p3, respectively, and should satisfy: 0.3D≤p1≤0, 0.3D≤p2≤0, 0.3D≤p3≤0.6D, 0≤p1-p3≤5mm, 0≤p3-p2≤5mm, where D is the cutting diameter of the cutting part 2. Preferably, D=16mm, p1=6.2mm, p2=6.0mm, and p3=5.8mm.

[0053] The axial step distances p1, p2, and p3 determine the pitch of the helical recess. A limit of 0.3D ≤ p1, p2, p3 ≤ 0.6D (i.e., the step distance is 30%~60% of the cutting diameter) is imposed. Within this range, the recess will not excessively weaken the tool strength due to an excessively small pitch. Furthermore, it is required that 0 ≤ p1 - p3 ≤ 5mm and 0 ≤ p3 - p2 ≤ 5mm, meaning the inner texture recess 51 has the largest step distance (p1 ≥ p3), and the outer texture recess 52 has the smallest step distance (p3 ≥ p2). This implies that the helix of the inner texture recess 51 is more "sparse," while the helix of the outer texture recess 52 is more "dense."

[0054] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the side cutting unit 21 extends spirally around the central axis 3, and the helix angle of the side cutting unit 21 on the central axis 3 is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°. Preferably, β=38°.

[0055] The helix angle β of the side cutting unit 21 determines the chip flow direction and cutting force distribution. It is required that 10° ≤ β - α2 ≤ 20°, meaning β is 10° to 20° larger than the helix angle α2 of the outer texture recess 52. This implies that the helix of the side cutting unit 21 is "steeper" than the helix of the outer texture recess 52. The principle is that when β > α2, the direction in which the chips flow out of the side cutting unit 21 towards the tool face forms a certain angle with the direction in which the cooling medium is sprayed outward along the outer texture recess 52. This facilitates the cooling medium penetrating the chip layer and directly impacting the cutting zone near the cutting edge. Simultaneously, the chips are more easily broken and discharged under the impact of the cooling medium.

[0056] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the reinforcing rib 6 is cross-shaped. The reinforcing rib 6 is designed in a cross shape, meaning it extends in both the radial and circumferential directions. This shape forms a multi-point connection with the radial rib 43 and the circumferential rib 42, and its principle is similar to the "cross-bracing ribs" in thin-walled structures: when subjected to vibration excitation in any direction, the cross-shaped rib has high stiffness in both orthogonal directions, and the stress concentration at the intersection is small, effectively suppressing the coupling of bending and torsional vibrations. Compared to circular or single radial ribs, the cross-shaped reinforcing rib 6 has a higher damping ratio, making it particularly suitable for broadband cutting chatter suppression.

[0057] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the textured recess 5 extends through to the clamping end face 11, the circumferential contour area of ​​the clamping end face 11 is S, and the area of ​​the textured recess 5 on the clamping end face 11 is s, which should satisfy: 0.3S≤s≤0.5S. Preferably, s=0.5S.

[0058] The textured recess 5 extends to the clamping end face 11, meaning that the clamping end face 11 has multiple recessed areas. The ratio of the total recessed area s to the total area S of the clamping end face 11 is limited to between 0.3 and 0.5. The technical effect is as follows: if s / S is too small (<0.3), the weight reduction effect is not significant; if s / S is too large (>0.5), the contact area between the clamping end face 11 and the machine tool spindle is too small, which may lead to insufficient contact stiffness, reduced clamping force, or even slippage.

[0059] Further, in this embodiment, the cutting diameter of the cutting part 2 is D, and the diameter d of the core platform 41 should satisfy: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D. Preferably, d=0.35D. The diameter d of the core platform 41 determines the size of the central solid area. Limiting d to (0.2~0.5)D means that the diameter of the core platform 41 is approximately 20%~50% of the cutting diameter. If d is too small, the core platform 41 will lack strength, and the length of the radial rib platform 43 will be too long, making it prone to buckling when transmitting torque; if d is too large, the lightweight effect will be greatly reduced. The preferred value of 0.35D ensures that the core platform 41 has sufficient bending and torsional strength while leaving ample space for the outer texture recess 5.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a transition surface 13 is provided between the clamping peripheral surface 12 and the cutting part 2, and a chip-receiving groove 23 is provided between adjacent side cutting units 21. The clamping part 1 has a cooling channel within the clamping peripheral surface 12, with one end of the cooling channel connected to the clamping end face 11 and the other end connected to the chip-receiving groove 23 and / or the transition surface 13. Cooling medium is provided to the cutting part through the cooling channel, improving the cooling effect, machining quality, and service life.

[0061] Preferably, the textured recess 5 is integrated with the cooling channel design, achieving "multi-purpose use of a single hole." All or part of the textured recess 5 simultaneously serves as a cooling channel; that is, cooling channels can be set or formed within the inner textured recess 51, outer textured recess 52, and core textured recess 53, guiding coolant from the clamping end face 11 to the chip groove 23 or transition surface 13, and directly spraying it onto the cutting area. The principle is to utilize the existing space within the textured recess 5, eliminating the need for additional drilling and simplifying the manufacturing process. Simultaneously, because the textured recess 5 has a spiral extension structure, the coolant flowing within it is subject to the combined effects of centrifugal force and spiral guidance, overcoming centrifugal resistance under high-speed rotation and precisely reaching the vicinity of the cutting edge. Compared to traditional lateral spray cooling, this internal cooling method improves cooling efficiency and significantly reduces coolant splashing.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the clamping part 1 is made of cemented carbide, the cutting part 2 is made of diamond, and the cutting part 2 is welded to the clamping part 1.

[0063] Carbide, with its high elastic modulus and good bending strength, serves as the clamping part 1, ensuring the overall rigidity of the tool. Diamond, with its extremely high hardness and wear resistance, is suitable for high-speed finishing of non-ferrous metals and composite materials as the cutting part 2. The two are welded together, leveraging the advantages of each material while avoiding the excessive cost of a solid diamond tool. This material combination is particularly suitable for high-speed milling of carbon fiber composites and aluminum alloys in the aerospace field.

[0064] Example 2: Figures 5 to 8 A second embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention is shown. This embodiment has the same basic structure as the first embodiment, differing only in the material combination and the adjustment of some preferred parameter ranges. Specifically, in this embodiment, the clamping part 1 is made of mold steel, the cutting part 2 is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part 2 is welded to the clamping part 1.

[0065] To accommodate variations in the material strength of the clamping part 1, in this embodiment, the number M of radial ribs 43 and the number N of reinforcing ribs 6 satisfy the following condition: M=N=4. The included angle between adjacent radial ribs 43 is 90°.

[0066] In this embodiment, the helix angles of the inner texture recess 51, the outer texture recess 52, and the core texture recess 53 are preferably α1=39°, α2=28°, and α3=32°, respectively. The helix angle β of the side cutting unit 21 is preferably 45°, satisfying 10°≤β-α2≤20°.

[0067] Example 3: Figures 9 to 11 A third embodiment of the rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture of the present invention is shown. This embodiment has the same basic structure as the first embodiment, except that both the clamping part 1 and the cutting part 2 are made of cemented carbide and can be integrally formed or welded together.

[0068] Preferably, in this embodiment, the helix angles α1, α2, and α3 of the inner texture recess 51, outer texture recess 52, and core texture recess 53 on the central axis 3 are all 0°, that is, they extend in a straight line along the axial direction. Correspondingly, the helix angle β of the side cutting unit 21 is also set to 0°.

[0069] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture, comprising a clamping part (1) and a cutting part (2) fixedly connected along a central axis (3), wherein the end face of the clamping part (1) away from the cutting part (2) is designated as a clamping end face (11), the outer peripheral surface of the clamping part (1) is designated as a clamping peripheral surface (12), a plurality of side cutting units (21) are provided on the peripheral side surface of the cutting part (2), and a plurality of end cutting units (22) are provided on the end face of the cutting part (2) away from the clamping part (1), characterized in that: The clamping part (1) has a textured rib platform (4) in the clamping peripheral surface (12). The textured rib platform (4) includes a core platform (41), a peripheral platform (42) and a plurality of radial rib platforms (43) connecting the core platform (41) and the peripheral platform (42). The core platform (41) and the peripheral platform (42) are both annular. Each radial rib platform (43) is arranged circumferentially around the core platform (41) and / or the peripheral platform (42). A textured recess (5) is provided between adjacent radial rib platforms (43) to reduce the weight of the clamping part (1) and improve the vibration resistance of the clamping part (1).

2. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The texture recess (5) includes multiple inner texture recesses (51) and outer texture recesses (52), and a reinforcing rib platform (6) is formed between the inner texture recesses (51) and the outer texture recesses (52). The reinforcing rib platform (6) connects the core platform (41) and the peripheral platform (42).

3. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The core platform (41) has a core recess (44) at its center, and the reinforcing rib platform (6) has a core texture recess (53) at its center.

4. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The core platform (41), peripheral platform (42) and core recess (44) are all coaxial with the central axis (3) of the clamping part (1).

5. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the reinforcing ribs (6) is evenly distributed around the central axis (3).

6. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the described textured ribs (4) is evenly distributed around the central axis (3), and the included angle between adjacent radial ribs (43) is 45°~90°.

7. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the radial reinforcement platform (43) is M, and the number of the reinforcing reinforcement platform (6) is N, which should satisfy: 0.5M≤N≤M, 2≤M≤8, 2≤N≤8.

8. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner texture recess (51), outer texture recess (52) and core texture recess (53) all extend around the central axis (3) by thread, and their helix angles are α1, α2 and α3 respectively, which should satisfy: 15°≤α1≤40°, 15°≤α2≤40°, 15°≤α3≤40°, 1.2≤α1 / α3, α3 / α2≤1.

5.

9. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The axial step distances of the adjacent texture recesses (5) corresponding to the inner texture recess (51), outer texture recess (52) and core texture recess (53) on the normal plane (31) passing through the central axis (3) are p1, p2 and p3 respectively, and should satisfy: 0.3D≤p1≤0.6D, 0.3D≤p2≤0.6D, 0.3D≤p3≤0.6D, 0≤p1-p3≤5mm, 0≤p3-p2≤5mm, where D is the cutting diameter of the cutting part (2).

10. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The side cutting unit (21) extends spirally around the central axis (3), and the helix angle of the side cutting unit (21) on the central axis (3) is β, which should satisfy: 20°≤β≤50°, 10°≤β-α2≤20°.

11. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing rib (6) is cross-shaped.

12. The rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The texture recess (5) extends to the clamping end face (11), the circumferential contour area of ​​the clamping end face (11) is S, and the area of ​​the texture recess (5) on the clamping end face (11) is s, which should satisfy: 0.3S≤s≤0.5S.

13. The rotary cutting tool with spatial grid texture according to claim 12, characterized in that: The cutting diameter of the cutting part (2) is D, and the diameter d of the core stage (41) should satisfy: 0.2D≤d≤0.5D.

14. The rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: A transition surface (13) is provided between the clamping peripheral surface (12) and the cutting part (2), and a chip groove (23) is provided between adjacent side cutting units (21). The clamping part (1) is provided with a cooling channel in the clamping peripheral surface (12). One end of the cooling channel is connected to the clamping end face (11), and the other end is connected to the chip groove (23) and / or the transition surface (13).

15. A rotary cutting tool with a spatial grid texture according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The clamping part (1) is made of cemented carbide, and the cutting part (2) is made of diamond; or, the clamping part (1) is made of mold steel, and the cutting part (2) is made of cemented carbide; or, both the clamping part (1) and the cutting part (2) are made of cemented carbide.

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