A welding apparatus and a welding method for a reaction vessel

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of reactor welding technology and discloses a welding device and method for reactors, including a clamping track-type positioning mechanism and a controllable adjustment mechanism. The structure includes a spherical hollow cover that moves with an arc-shaped slider and has a hollow internal structure; a movable ball head placed inside the spherical hollow cover and capable of rotation; a movable rod inserted into the center of the movable ball head and capable of driving the welding torch to move in a specific direction; a rubber locking sleeve that generates a locking preload force on the movable rod; and an elastic airbag that generates a locking preload force on the movable ball head. This reactor welding device and method improves the applicability of the equipment in terms of weldable dimensions. Furthermore, by utilizing a synchronous hydraulic telescopic function, it can position the reactor body at the welding center, thereby improving the efficiency of reactor body installation. In addition, the device can adjust the working angle of the welding torch and the weld distance, further improving the welding adaptability of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reactor welding technology, specifically to a welding equipment and welding method for reactors. Background Technology

[0002] Welding, also known as fusion welding, is a manufacturing process and technology that joins metals or other thermoplastic materials such as plastics by heating, high temperature or high pressure. Currently, most welding methods are done manually by welders, who need to rotate around the edge of the reactor while welding. This can easily lead to uneven welds, weld breaks, stress concentration or uneven pressure bearing, thus increasing the difficulty of welding and the intensity of labor.

[0003] To this end, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN219684480U discloses "A Welding Equipment for a Reactor". Its main structure includes a mounting plate and a reactor. A lifting mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a lifting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting mechanism. A first slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the lifting seat. A servo motor is slidably connected to the outside of the first slide rail. A robotic arm is fixedly connected to one side of the servo motor. A welding mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the lower end of the robotic arm. By driving a second motor set at the bottom of the fixed seat, the drive gear rotates. Under the meshing action of the drive gear and the rotating gear ring, the rotating gear ring rotates through the guide rod located in the slide groove set inside the positioning cylinder and positioning ring. At this time, the reactor reverses under the rotation of the rotating gear ring and the guide pad, thereby effectively improving the welding effect of the reactor. At the same time, it can replace manual welding by welders to avoid uneven welds and weld breaks.

[0004] In actual operation, the aforementioned welding equipment for reactors requires the meshing of a drive gear and a rotating gear ring. The drive gear needs to be fitted around the reactor body. Since the drive gear is manufactured to a fixed size, it can only weld reactors of a single size. Therefore, its welding size is too limited and its applicability is low. Furthermore, the angle of the welding gun is in a fixed position, which further reduces its welding capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a welding device and method for reactors, capable of positioning and welding reactors of different structural dimensions, thereby improving the applicability of the device in terms of weldable dimensions. Furthermore, by utilizing a synchronous hydraulic telescopic function, it can promptly position the reactor at the welding center, improving installation efficiency. In addition, the device can adjust the working angle of the welding gun and the weld distance, further enhancing the welding adaptability of the device and solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a welding device for a reactor, comprising a welding torch, and a clamping track-type positioning mechanism, the structure of which includes a hollow retaining ring that can be sleeved around the reactor body and has a hollow internal structure, multiple V-shaped clamping plates that can abut against the circumferential side of the reactor body under liquid pressure and provide a positioning effect for the hollow retaining ring, an annular slide rail located directly above the hollow retaining ring and sleeved around the reactor body, and an arc-shaped slider that can slide along the annular slide rail and drive the welding torch to generate an annular welding path; and a controllable adjustment mechanism, the structure of which includes a spherical hollow cover that can move with the arc-shaped slider and has a hollow internal structure, a movable ball head placed in the spherical hollow cover and capable of rotation, a movable rod inserted into the center of the movable ball head and capable of driving the welding torch to move in a specific direction, a rubber locking sleeve that generates a locking preload force on the movable rod, and an elastic airbag that generates a locking preload force on the movable ball head.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping track positioning mechanism further includes multiple hollow cylinders arranged in a ring array inside the circumference of the hollow retaining ring. The top of the hollow retaining ring and the bottom of the ring slide rail are fixedly connected by a curved connecting rod. Each hollow cylinder has a horizontal movable cavity inside. The hollow retaining ring has an annular cavity connected end to end. One side of the hollow retaining ring has a first liquid docking channel communicating with the annular cavity. One end of the horizontal movable cavity and the annular cavity are connected by a first liquid hole. The other end of the hollow cylinder has a first rod through hole communicating with the horizontal movable cavity and the external space. Each of the hollow cylinders has a first rod through hole communicating with the external space. Inside each of the horizontal movable chambers, a piston plate capable of moving along its axial direction is installed. A horizontal telescopic rod passing through the through hole of the first rod is fixedly installed at the end of the piston plate facing the first rod body. A first helical spring in a compressed state is sleeved around the rod body located inside the horizontal movable chamber. A V-shaped clamping plate is fixedly installed at the end of the horizontal telescopic rod outside the hollow column. The outer circumference of the annular slide rail is provided with an annular groove with a concave structure. An arc-shaped slider capable of sliding along the annular groove is placed in the annular groove. A mounting base plate that moves with the arc-shaped slider is installed on the outer structure of the arc-shaped slider.

[0008] Preferably, the centerline of the hollow retaining ring and the centerline of the annular slide rail are on the same vertical line.

[0009] Preferably, the structural shape of the perforated cross section of the first rod is consistent with the structural shape of the cross section of the horizontal telescopic rod, both being polygonal structures, and the structural dimensions of the perforated cross section of the first rod match the structural dimensions of the cross section of the horizontal telescopic rod.

[0010] Preferably, the controllable adjustment mechanism further includes a first connecting plate integrally disposed at the bottom of the spherical hollow cover. The spherical hollow cover has an internal spherical cavity. An annular air pressure chamber is disposed around the central region of the spherical hollow cover. An inflation channel communicating with the annular air pressure chamber and containing an air valve is disposed at the top of the spherical hollow cover. An elastic airbag is embedded in the spherical hollow cover at the junction of the annular air pressure chamber and the spherical cavity. A movable ball head is placed inside the spherical hollow cover within the spherical cavity and the elastic airbag. A central part of the movable ball head is... A second rod body with an open structure at both ends has a through hole. A movable rod is placed in the through hole. A rubber locking sleeve that generates frictional resistance to the rod body is embedded in the center of the movable ball head. A limit anti-detachment plate is installed at one end of the movable rod, and a second connecting plate that is fixedly connected to the welding gun is installed at the other end of the movable rod. The cross-sectional shape of the second rod body through hole is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the movable rod, both being polygonal structures, and the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the second rod body through hole match the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the movable rod.

[0011] Preferably, the structural radius of the spherical surface in the spherical cavity is adapted to the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable spherical head, and the diameter of the two opening ends of the spherical cavity is greater than the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable spherical head and smaller than the structural diameter of the spherical surface in the movable spherical head.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a welding height adjustment mechanism, the structure of which includes a longitudinal hollow cylinder located on the top of the mounting base plate and having a hollow internal structure, a second piston plate disposed inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder and capable of moving upward under liquid pressure, a longitudinal telescopic rod that moves with the second piston plate and can drive the first connecting plate to move longitudinally, and a second helical spring that cooperates with the liquid pressure to keep the second piston plate stationary.

[0013] Preferably, the welding height adjustment mechanism further includes a longitudinal movable cavity disposed inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder. The bottom of the longitudinal hollow cylinder is provided with a No. 3 connecting plate integrally formed with it and fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting base plate. The bottom of the longitudinal movable cavity is provided with a liquid flow limiting cavity. The side of the longitudinal hollow cylinder is provided with a No. 2 liquid docking channel communicating with the liquid flow limiting cavity. The top of the longitudinal movable cavity is provided with a No. 3 rod through hole. The interior of the longitudinal movable cavity is provided with a No. 2 piston plate capable of moving along its axial direction. The top of the No. 2 piston plate is fixedly installed with a longitudinal telescopic rod passing through the No. 3 rod through hole. The longitudinal telescopic rod is surrounded by a No. 2 helical spring in a compressed state inside the longitudinal movable cavity. The top of the longitudinal telescopic rod is fixedly installed with a No. 4 connecting plate. The top of the No. 4 connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the No. 1 connecting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the structural shape of the perforated cross section of the third rod is consistent with the structural shape of the cross section of the longitudinal telescopic rod, both being polygonal structures, and the structural dimensions of the perforated cross section of the third rod match the structural dimensions of the cross section of the longitudinal telescopic rod.

[0015] The present invention also provides a welding method for a reaction vessel, comprising the following steps: S1: Use a hydraulic device that can control the direction, flow rate and pressure of liquid flow, and connect the liquid circuit of the hydraulic device to the No. 1 liquid connection channel and the No. 2 liquid connection channel through pipes. S2: Place the hollow retaining ring and annular slide rail around the outside of the reactor body. Start the hydraulic equipment to inject liquid into the annular cavity through the No. 1 liquid docking channel. Due to the interconnectivity of the components, the liquid will simultaneously enter the horizontal moving cavity along each No. 1 liquid hole. When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the No. 1 helical spring, the No. 1 helical spring will be continuously compressed, and the No. 1 piston plate will drive the V-shaped clamping plate to move towards the reactor body until the V-shaped clamping plate contacts the outside of the reactor body with the rated pressure, thereby achieving the clamping of the reactor body. The system features rapid clamping. Simultaneously, because the horizontal moving chambers are interconnected and the liquid is fluid, the hydraulic oil maintains a constant pressure in the circuit. As each V-shaped clamping plate gradually contacts the reactor body, if the reactor body is eccentric, the liquid on the side with greater force will flow back to the side with less force to compensate. This continues until the radial clamping force of each V-shaped clamping plate on the reactor body reaches dynamic equality. Thus, under a multi-point mechanical equilibrium state, the reactor body's center is guided towards and constrained within the central area of ​​the hollow retaining ring and the annular slide rail, achieving pressure-equalizing adaptive clamping and rapid positioning. S3: Start the hydraulic equipment to inject liquid into the liquid flow restriction chamber through the No. 2 liquid docking channel. When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the No. 2 helical spring, the No. 2 helical spring will be continuously compressed. The No. 2 piston plate will drive the spherical hollow cover to move upward through the longitudinal telescopic rod. The spherical hollow cover can indirectly drive the welding gun to move upward until the welding gun is at the welding height. Then the liquid injection can be stopped. At this time, under the combined action of liquid pressure and the No. 2 helical spring, the No. 2 piston plate is kept at the required working height, thereby realizing the welding height adjustment function of the welding gun. S4: Using an inflation device, first, with the elastic airbag in an uninflated, depressurized state, rotate the movable ball head in a specific direction to bring the welding gun to the required angle. Then, push the movable rod to overcome the sliding damping provided by the rubber locking sleeve, moving the welding gun to the required weld distance. After the angle and distance are fully adjusted, inject high-pressure gas into the annular pressure chamber through the inflation channel using the inflation device. This causes the elastic airbag to expand and forcefully lock the movable ball head, forming a rigid locking state to resist arc vibration during welding. This achieves precise adjustment and stable locking of the welding angle and weld distance until the dimensions between the welding gun and the weld meet the requirements, thus realizing the function of adjusting the welding angle and weld distance. S5: Turn on the welding gun, and then slowly push the mounting plate to make the welding gun rotate around the weld seam path to complete the welding work on the reactor.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a welding device and welding method for a reaction vessel, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. It can position and weld reactors of different structural sizes, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment in terms of weldable dimensions. Furthermore, by utilizing the synchronous hydraulic telescopic function, it can promptly position the reactor at the welding center to improve installation efficiency. In addition, the device can adjust the working angle of the welding gun and the weld distance, thereby further improving the welding adaptability of the equipment.

[0017] 2. Equipped with a clamping track-type positioning mechanism, featuring a hollow retaining ring, annular slide rail, hollow cylinder, and V-shaped clamping plate. Hydraulic oil is supplied through a first liquid docking channel, annular cavity, and first liquid hole, driving multiple sets of horizontal telescopic rods to synchronously extend and retract the V-shaped clamping plate. This allows for clamping of reaction vessels of different sizes and automatic centering and positioning of the workpiece via hydraulic pressure equalization, resulting in efficient and precise clamping. The annular slide rail, in conjunction with the arc-shaped slider, drives the welding torch along an annular trajectory to complete circumferential welding. Simultaneously, the horizontal telescopic rods and the first rod's through-hole adopt a polygonal mating structure, effectively preventing rod deflection and further ensuring the stability of the welding operation.

[0018] 3. Equipped with a controllable adjustment mechanism, centered around a spherical hollow cover, a movable ball head, and a movable rod, gas is injected into the annular pressure chamber through an inflation channel to control the locking force of the elastic airbag on the movable ball head. This allows for flexible adjustment of the welding torch's pitch and deflection angles. The movable ball head is matched to the radius of the spherical cavity, and the opening size is reasonable, ensuring smooth rotation while preventing the ball head from falling off. The movable rod is inserted inside the movable ball head and uses the friction generated by the rubber locking sleeve to achieve position locking, allowing for precise fine-tuning of the distance between the welding torch and the weld seam. The polygonal rod body and perforated design also prevent the movable rod from rotating on its own, comprehensively improving the adjustment accuracy and reliability of the welding posture. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the clamping track-type positioning mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the clamping track-type positioning mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the controllable adjustment mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the controllable adjustment mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the welding height adjustment mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the welding height adjustment mechanism in this invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Welding gun; 2. Clamping track-type positioning mechanism; 21. Hollow retaining ring; 22. Annular slide rail; 23. Hollow column; 24. Horizontal movable cavity; 25. No. 1 rod body through hole; 26. No. 1 liquid hole; 27. Annular cavity; 28. No. 1 liquid docking channel; 29. ​​No. 1 piston plate; 210. Horizontal telescopic rod; 211. No. 1 helical spring; 212. V-shaped clamping plate; 213. Curved connecting rod; 214. Annular slide groove; 215. Arc-shaped slider; 216. Mounting base plate; 3. Controllable adjustment mechanism; 31. Spherical hollow cover; 32. Spherical cavity; 33. Annular air pressure chamber; 34. Connecting plate No. 1; 35. Inflation channel; 36. Movable ball head; 37. Perforation of rod No. 2; 38. Rubber locking sleeve; 39. Movable rod; 310. Limiting anti-detachment plate; 311. Connecting plate No. 2; 312. Elastic airbag; 4. Welding height adjustment mechanism; 41. Longitudinal hollow cylinder; 42. Connecting plate No. 3; 43. Longitudinal movable chamber; 44. Liquid flow limiting chamber; 45. Liquid docking channel No. 2; 46. Perforation of rod No. 3; 47. Piston plate No. 2; 48. Longitudinal telescopic rod; 49. Helical spring No. 2; 410. Connecting plate No. 4. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A welding device for a reactor includes a welding gun 1, which is used with a hydraulic device that can control the direction, flow rate and pressure of liquid flow. The liquid circuit of the hydraulic device is connected to a first liquid docking channel 28 and a second liquid docking channel 45 through pipes.

[0023] To achieve rail-mounted welding and rapid positioning of the workpiece, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A clamping track-type positioning mechanism 2 needs to be installed. Its structure includes a hollow retaining ring 21 that can be fitted around the reactor body and has a hollow interior; multiple V-shaped clamping plates 212 that can abut against the circumferential side of the reactor body under liquid pressure and provide a positioning effect for the hollow retaining ring 21; an annular slide rail 22 located directly above the hollow retaining ring 21 and fitted around the reactor body; and an arc-shaped slider 215 that can slide along the annular slide rail 22 and drive the welding gun 1 to generate an annular welding path. The hollow retaining ring 21 and the annular slide rail 22 are fitted around the reactor body. The hydraulic equipment is activated, allowing liquid to be injected into the annular cavity 27 through the first liquid docking channel 28. Due to the connectivity of the components, the liquid will simultaneously enter the horizontal movable cavity along each first liquid hole 26. Inside 24, when the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the first helical spring 211, the first helical spring 211 will be continuously compressed, and the first piston plate 29 will drive the V-shaped clamping plate 212 to move towards the direction of the vessel body until the V-shaped clamping plate 212 contacts the outside of the reactor body with the rated pressure, thereby realizing the function of quickly clamping the vessel body. At the same time, since the liquid comes from the same hydraulic equipment and the liquids have fluidity, after the V-shaped clamping plate 212 clamps the vessel body, it can make the vessel body located at the center of the hollow retaining ring 21 and the annular slide rail 22 to achieve rapid positioning. Then, the welding gun 1 is turned on, and the mounting base plate 216 is slowly pushed to make the welding gun 1 rotate around the weld seam path, thus completing the welding work of the reactor body.

[0024] For details regarding the specific structure of the clamping track-type positioning mechanism 2, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 3 and Figure 4It also includes multiple hollow cylinders 23 arranged in a ring array inside the circumference of the hollow retaining ring 21. The top of the hollow retaining ring 21 and the bottom of the annular slide rail 22 are fixedly connected by a curved connecting rod 213. Each hollow cylinder 23 has a horizontal movable cavity 24 inside. The hollow retaining ring 21 has an annular cavity 27 connected end to end inside. One side of the hollow retaining ring 21 has a first liquid docking channel 28 connecting the annular cavity 27. One end of the horizontal movable cavity 24 and the annular cavity 27 are connected by a first liquid hole 26. The other end of the hollow cylinder 23 has a first rod through hole 25 connecting the horizontal movable cavity 24 and the outside space. Each horizontal movable cavity 24 has a first piston plate 29 that can move along its axial direction inside. The first piston plate 29 has a through hole 25 fixedly installed at the end facing the first rod through hole 25. The horizontal telescopic rod 210 has a first helical spring 211 in a compressed state sleeved around the rod body located inside the horizontal movable cavity 24. A V-shaped clamping plate 212 is fixedly installed at one end of the horizontal telescopic rod 210 outside the hollow column 23. The outer circumferential surface of the annular slide rail 22 is provided with an annular groove 214 with a concave structure. An arc-shaped slider 215 that can slide along the annular groove 214 is placed in the annular groove 214. An installation base plate 216 that moves with the arc-shaped slider 215 is installed on the outer structure of the arc-shaped slider 215. The center line of the hollow retaining ring 21 and the center line of the annular slide rail 22 are on the same vertical line. The cross-sectional shape of the first rod body through hole 25 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal telescopic rod 210, both being polygonal structures. The structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the first rod body through hole 25 match the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal telescopic rod 210.

[0025] To enable adjustments to the welding angle and weld spacing, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6A controllable adjustment mechanism 3 needs to be set up. Its structure includes a spherical hollow cover 31 that can move with the arc-shaped slider 215 and has a hollow internal structure, a movable ball head 36 placed in the spherical hollow cover 31 and capable of rotation, a movable rod 39 inserted into the center of the movable ball head 36 and capable of driving the welding gun 1 to move in a directional manner, a rubber locking sleeve 38 that generates a locking preload force on the movable rod 39, and an elastic airbag 312 that generates a locking preload force on the movable ball head 36. An inflation device is used, and then the airbag is inflated through the inflation channel 35 into the annular... The pneumatic chamber 33 is filled with rated gas. Under the gas pressure, the elastic airbag 312 generates a rated locking force on the movable ball head 36. According to the actual situation, the rated locking force is controlled, and then the movable ball head 36 is rotated in a direction to make the welding angle of the welding gun 1 reach the required angle. Then the movable rod 39 is pushed. When the thrust is greater than the frictional resistance of the rubber locking sleeve 38, the welding gun 1 will move until the size between the welding gun 1 and the weld meets the requirements, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the welding angle and the weld distance.

[0026] For details regarding the specific structure of the controllable adjustment mechanism 3, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It also includes a first connecting plate 34 integrally disposed at the bottom of the spherical hollow cover 31. The spherical hollow cover 31 has an internal spherical cavity 32. An annular air pressure chamber 33 is disposed around the central region of the spherical hollow cover 31. An inflation channel 35, communicating with the annular air pressure chamber 33 and containing an air valve, is disposed at the top of the spherical hollow cover 31. An elastic airbag 312 is embedded in the spherical hollow cover 31 at the junction of the annular air pressure chamber 33 and the spherical cavity 32. A movable ball head 36 is placed inside the spherical hollow cover 31, within the spherical cavity 32 and the elastic airbag 312. A second rod through hole 37, open at both ends, is disposed at the center of the movable ball head 36. A movable rod 39, capable of movement, is placed in the second rod through hole 37. A rubber locking sleeve 38, which generates frictional resistance to the rod body of the movable rod 39, is embedded in the center of the movable ball head 36. A limit anti-detachment plate 310 is installed at one end of the movable rod 39, and a second connecting plate 311, which is fixedly connected to the welding gun 1, is installed at the other end of the movable rod 39. The cross-sectional shape of the second rod body through hole 37 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the movable rod 39, both being polygonal structures. The structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the second rod body through hole 37 match the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the movable rod 39. The structural radius of the spherical surface in the spherical cavity 32 is adapted to the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable ball head 36. The diameter of the two opening ends of the spherical cavity 32 is larger than the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable ball head 36 and smaller than the structural diameter of the spherical surface in the movable ball head 36.

[0027] To enable the adjustment of the welding height, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 A welding height adjustment mechanism 4 needs to be installed. Its structure includes a longitudinal hollow cylinder 41 located at the top of the mounting base plate 216 and having a hollow interior; a second piston plate 47 located inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder 41 and capable of upward movement under liquid pressure; a longitudinal telescopic rod 48 that moves with the second piston plate 47 and can drive the first connecting plate 34 to move longitudinally; and a second helical spring 49 that works with the liquid pressure to keep the second piston plate 47 stationary. The hydraulic equipment is activated, allowing liquid to be injected into the liquid flow restriction chamber 44 through the second liquid docking channel 45. When the liquid pressure exceeds the elastic pressure of the second helical spring 49, the second helical spring 49 will be continuously compressed. The second piston plate 47 will then drive the spherical hollow cover 31 to move upward through the longitudinal telescopic rod 48. The spherical hollow cover 31 can indirectly drive the welding gun 1 to move upward until the welding gun 1 is at the welding height, at which point the liquid injection can be stopped. At this time, under the combined action of the liquid pressure and the second helical spring 49, the second piston plate 47 is kept at the required working height, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the welding height of the welding gun 1.

[0028] For details regarding the specific structure of the welding height adjustment mechanism 4, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7 and Figure 8 It also includes a longitudinal movable cavity 43 disposed inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder 41. A third connecting plate 42, integrally formed with and fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting base plate 216, is disposed at the bottom of the longitudinal movable cavity 43. A liquid flow-limiting cavity 44 is disposed at the bottom of the longitudinal movable cavity 43. A second liquid docking channel 45, communicating with the liquid flow-limiting cavity 44, is disposed on the side of the longitudinal hollow cylinder 41. A third rod through hole 46 is disposed at the top of the longitudinal movable cavity 43. A second piston plate 47, capable of moving along its axial direction, is housed inside the longitudinal movable cavity 43. A third piston plate 47 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second piston plate 47. A longitudinal telescopic rod 48 passes through the third rod body through the perforation 46. A second helical spring 49 in a compressed state is sleeved around the rod body inside the longitudinal movable cavity 43. A fourth connecting plate 410 is fixedly installed on the top of the longitudinal telescopic rod 48. The top of the fourth connecting plate 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate 34. The cross-sectional shape of the third rod body through the perforation 46 is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal telescopic rod 48, both being polygonal structures. Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the third rod body through the perforation 46 match the cross-sectional dimensions of the longitudinal telescopic rod 48.

[0029] The present invention also provides a welding method for a reaction vessel, comprising the following steps: S1: Use a hydraulic device that can control the direction, flow rate and pressure of liquid flow, and connect the liquid circuit of the hydraulic device to the first liquid connection channel 28 and the second liquid connection channel 45 through pipes. S2: The hollow retaining ring 21 and the annular slide rail 22 are fitted around the outer periphery of the reactor body. The hydraulic equipment is started, and the liquid is injected into the annular cavity 27 through the first liquid docking channel 28. Due to the connectivity of the components, the liquid will enter the interior of the horizontal movable cavity 24 synchronously along each first liquid hole 26. When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the first helical spring 211, the first helical spring 211 will be continuously compressed, and the first piston plate 29 will drive the V-shaped clamping plate 212 to move towards the reactor body until the V-shaped clamping plate 212 contacts the outside of the reactor body with the rated pressure, thereby realizing the function of quick clamping of the reactor body. At the same time, since each horizontal movable cavity 24 is connected end to end and the liquid has fluidity, the hydraulic oil maintains an isobaric state in the circuit. As each V-shaped clamping plate 212 gradually contacts the reactor body, if the reactor body is eccentric, the liquid on the side with greater force will flow back to the side with less force to compensate; until the radial clamping force of each V-shaped clamping plate 212 on the reactor body reaches dynamic equality, thereby guiding the center of the reactor body to approach and constrain the center area of ​​the hollow retaining ring 21 and the annular slide rail 22 under the state of mechanical multi-point equilibrium, so as to achieve pressure equalization adaptive clamping and rapid positioning; S3: Start the hydraulic equipment to inject liquid into the liquid flow restriction chamber 44 through the second liquid docking channel 45. When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the second helical spring 49, the second helical spring 49 will be continuously compressed. The second piston plate 47 will drive the spherical hollow cover 31 to move upward through the longitudinal telescopic rod 48. The spherical hollow cover 31 can indirectly drive the welding gun 1 to move upward until the welding gun 1 is at the welding height. Then the liquid injection can be stopped. At this time, under the combined action of the liquid pressure and the second helical spring 49, the second piston plate 47 is kept at the working height, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the welding height of the welding gun 1. S4: Using an inflation device, first, with the elastic airbag 312 in an uninflated, depressurized state, rotate the movable ball head 36 in a directional manner to bring the welding angle of the welding gun 1 to the required angle; then push the movable rod 39 to overcome the sliding damping provided by the rubber locking sleeve 38, so that the welding gun 1 moves to the size that meets the weld distance requirements; after the angle and distance are fully adjusted, inject high-pressure gas into the annular air pressure chamber 33 through the inflation device via the inflation channel 35, so that the elastic airbag 312 expands and forcefully locks the movable ball head 36, forming a rigid locking state to resist the arc vibration during the welding process, thereby achieving precise adjustment and stable locking of the welding angle and weld distance until the size between the welding gun 1 and the weld meets the requirements, thus realizing the function of adjusting the welding angle and weld distance; S5: Turn on the welding gun 1, and then slowly push the mounting plate 216 to make the welding gun 1 rotate around the weld seam path, thus completing the welding work on the reactor.

[0030] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding device for a reaction vessel, comprising a welding torch (1), characterized in that: It also includes, The clamping track positioning mechanism (2) includes a hollow retaining ring (21) that can be sleeved on the outer periphery of the reactor body and has a hollow internal structure, multiple V-shaped clamping plates (212) that can abut against the circumferential side of the reactor body under liquid pressure and have a positioning effect on the hollow retaining ring (21), an annular slide rail (22) located directly above the hollow retaining ring (21) and sleeved on the outer periphery of the reactor body, and an arc-shaped slider (215) that can slide along the annular slide rail (22) and drive the welding gun (1) to generate an annular welding path. And a controllable adjustment mechanism (3), the structure of which includes a spherical hollow cover (31) that can move with the arc-shaped slider (215) and has a hollow internal structure, a movable ball head (36) placed in the spherical hollow cover (31) and capable of rotating, a movable rod (39) inserted into the center of the movable ball head (36) and capable of driving the welding gun (1) to move in a specific direction, a rubber locking sleeve (38) that generates a locking preload force on the movable rod (39), and an elastic airbag (312) that generates a locking preload force on the movable ball head (36).

2. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping track positioning mechanism (2) also includes multiple hollow cylinders (23) arranged in annular array on the inner side of the circumference of the hollow retaining ring (21). The top of the hollow retaining ring (21) and the bottom of the annular slide rail (22) are fixedly connected by a curved connecting rod (213). Each hollow cylinder (23) has a horizontal movable cavity (24) inside. The hollow retaining ring (21) has an annular cavity (27) connected end to end inside. One side of the hollow retaining ring (21) has a first liquid docking channel (28) connecting the annular cavity (27). One end of the horizontal movable cavity (24) and the annular cavity (27) are connected by a first liquid hole (26). The other end of the hollow cylinder (23) has a first rod through hole (25) connecting the horizontal movable cavity (24) and the external space. Each horizontal movable cavity (23) has a first rod through hole (25) connecting the horizontal movable cavity (24) and the external space. Inside each of the 24), there is a piston plate (29) that can move along its axis. A horizontal telescopic rod (210) that passes through the first rod ...

3. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centerline of the hollow retaining ring (21) and the centerline of the annular slide rail (22) are on the same vertical line.

4. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the perforation (25) of the first rod is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal telescopic rod (210), both being polygonal structures, and the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the perforation (25) of the first rod are matched with the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the horizontal telescopic rod (210).

5. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The controllable adjustment mechanism (3) also includes a first connecting plate (34) integrally disposed at the bottom of the spherical hollow cover (31). The spherical hollow cover (31) has a spherical cavity (32) inside. The spherical hollow cover (31) has an annular air pressure chamber (33) around the middle area of ​​the spherical cavity (32). The top of the spherical hollow cover (31) has an inflation channel (35) that connects to the annular air pressure chamber (33) and has an air valve installed inside. The spherical hollow cover (31) has an elastic airbag (312) embedded in the edge-sealed section at the junction of the annular air pressure chamber (33) and the spherical cavity (32). The spherical hollow cover (31) has a movable ball head (36) placed inside the spherical cavity (32) and the elastic airbag (312). At the center of 36), there is a second rod through hole (37) with open ends. A movable rod (39) is placed in the second rod through hole (37). A rubber locking sleeve (38) that generates frictional resistance to the rod of the movable rod (39) is embedded in the center of the movable ball head (36). A limit anti-detachment plate (310) is installed at one end of the movable rod (39). A second connecting plate (311) that is fixedly connected to the welding gun (1) is installed at the other end of the movable rod (39). The cross-sectional shape of the second rod through hole (37) is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the movable rod (39), both being polygonal structures. The cross-sectional dimensions of the second rod through hole (37) match the cross-sectional dimensions of the movable rod (39).

6. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structural radius of the spherical surface in the spherical cavity (32) is adapted to the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable ball head (36). The diameter of the two opening ends of the spherical cavity (32) is greater than the structural radius of the spherical surface in the movable ball head (36) and less than the structural diameter of the spherical surface in the movable ball head (36).

7. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a welding height adjustment mechanism (4), the structure of which includes a longitudinal hollow cylinder (41) located on the top of the mounting base plate (216) and having a hollow internal structure, a second piston plate (47) located inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder (41) and capable of moving upward under liquid pressure, a longitudinal telescopic rod (48) that moves with the second piston plate (47) and can drive the first connecting plate (34) to move longitudinally, and a second helical spring (49) that works with liquid pressure to keep the second piston plate (47) stationary.

8. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 7, characterized in that: The welding height adjustment mechanism (4) further includes a longitudinal movable cavity (43) disposed inside the longitudinal hollow cylinder (41). The bottom of the longitudinal hollow cylinder (41) is provided with a No. 3 connecting plate (42) which is integral with it and fixedly installed on the upper surface of the mounting base plate (216). The bottom of the longitudinal movable cavity (43) is provided with a liquid flow limiting cavity (44). The side of the longitudinal hollow cylinder (41) is provided with a No. 2 liquid docking channel (45) that connects to the liquid flow limiting cavity (44). The top of the longitudinal movable cavity (43) is provided with a No. 3 rod through hole (46). The interior of the longitudinal movable cavity (43) is equipped with a second piston plate (47) that can move along its axial direction. The top of the second piston plate (47) is fixedly installed with a longitudinal telescopic rod (48) that passes through the third rod body through hole (46). The longitudinal telescopic rod (48) is fitted with a second helical spring (49) in a compressed state on the outside of the rod body inside the longitudinal movable cavity (43). The top of the longitudinal telescopic rod (48) is fixedly installed with a fourth connecting plate (410). The top of the fourth connecting plate (410) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first connecting plate (34).

9. The welding equipment for a reaction vessel according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the perforation (46) of the third rod is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal telescopic rod (48), both being polygonal structures, and the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the perforation (46) of the third rod are matched with the structural dimensions of the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal telescopic rod (48).

10. A welding method for a reaction vessel, employing the welding equipment for a reaction vessel as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps, S1: Use a hydraulic device that can control the direction, flow rate and pressure of liquid flow, and connect the liquid circuit of the hydraulic device to the No. 1 liquid docking channel (28) and the No. 2 liquid docking channel (45) through pipes; S2: Place the hollow retaining ring (21) and the annular slide rail (22) around the outside of the reactor body, start the hydraulic equipment, and inject the liquid into the annular cavity (27) through the first liquid docking channel (28). Due to the connectivity of the components, the liquid will enter the horizontal moving cavity (24) synchronously along each first liquid hole (26). When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the first helical spring (211), the first helical spring (211) will be continuously compressed, and the first piston plate (29) will drive the V-shaped clamping plate (212) to move towards the reactor body until the V-shaped clamping plate (212) contacts the reactor body at the rated pressure. The outside of the vessel body is connected to achieve the function of quick clamping of the vessel body. Since each horizontal active cavity (24) is connected end to end and the liquid has fluidity, the hydraulic oil is kept at the same pressure in the circuit. When each V-shaped clamping plate (212) gradually contacts the vessel body, if the vessel body is eccentric, the liquid on the side with greater force will flow back to the side with less force to compensate. Until the radial clamping force of each V-shaped clamping plate (212) on the vessel body reaches dynamic equality, the center of the vessel body is guided to approach and constrained to the central area of ​​the hollow retaining ring (21) and the annular slide rail (22) under the mechanical multi-point balance state, so as to achieve pressure equalization adaptive clamping and quick positioning. S3: Start the hydraulic equipment to inject liquid into the liquid flow restriction chamber (44) through the second liquid docking channel (45). When the liquid pressure is greater than the elastic pressure of the second helical spring (49), the second helical spring (49) will be continuously compressed, and the second piston plate (47) will drive the spherical hollow cover (31) to move upward through the longitudinal telescopic rod (48). The spherical hollow cover (31) can indirectly drive the welding gun (1) to move upward until the welding gun (1) is at the welding height, then the liquid injection can be stopped. At this time, under the combined action of the liquid pressure and the second helical spring (49), the second piston plate (47) is kept at the working height, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the welding height of the welding gun (1). S4: Using an inflation device, firstly, with the elastic airbag (312) in an uninflated, depressurized state, rotate the movable ball head (36) in a directional manner to make the welding angle of the welding gun (1) reach the required angle; then push the movable rod (39) to overcome the sliding damping provided by the rubber locking sleeve (38) and move the welding gun (1) to the size that meets the weld distance requirements; after the angle and distance posture are all adjusted in place, inject high-pressure gas into the annular air pressure chamber (33) through the inflation device via the inflation channel (35) to make the elastic airbag (312) expand and forcefully lock the movable ball head (36) to form a rigid locking state to resist the arc vibration during the welding process, thereby achieving precise adjustment and stable locking of the welding angle and weld distance until the size between the welding gun (1) and the weld meets the requirements, thereby realizing the function of adjusting the welding angle and weld distance; S5: Turn on the welding gun (1), and then slowly push the mounting plate (216) to make the welding gun (1) rotate around the weld seam path, and the welding work on the reactor can be completed.

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