A punching combination machine tool for screw-nut of lead screw and control system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of lead screw and nut assembly machining technology, and discloses a drilling combination machine tool and control system for lead screws and nuts, including a worktable, a transverse traverse assembly, a drilling frame, a tapping frame, a cooling assembly, and control components. The transverse traverse assembly is used to move the slide holding the lead screw and nut between the drilling frame and the tapping frame, so as to continuously complete the drilling and tapping processes after a single clamping. The cooling assembly independently supplies liquid to the drilling station and the tapping station respectively. The control system includes a data acquisition end, an analysis end, a comparison end, a correction end, and an output end, forming a closed-loop quality control loop. The data acquisition end acquires machining parameters and quality data in stages, the analysis end calculates the comprehensive quality index, the comparison end compares the quality index with a preset threshold, and the correction end performs adaptive correction of cutting parameters and spatial positioning and tool wear compensation correction according to the comparison results, so as to realize progressive closed-loop control of machining quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ball screw and nut assembly processing technology, specifically to a drilling combination machine tool and control system for ball screws and nuts. Background Technology

[0002] Lead screw nuts are key components in mechanical transmission systems. The machining accuracy of their inner holes significantly affects the fit performance and service life of the threaded pairs. In the manufacturing process of lead screw nuts, drilling and tapping constitute two important processes that are connected one after the other.

[0003] In traditional machining methods, drilling and tapping are usually completed on different machine tools, and the workpiece needs to be clamped and moved repeatedly, so the machining efficiency is not high and the risk of cumulative positioning error also increases. To address this, some existing solutions combine drilling and tapping functions into the same machine and then use rotary table or translational workstation switching to achieve the connection between processes. However, most of these integrated equipment adopts an open-loop control method. During processing, key process parameters such as spindle torque, feed resistance, and cooling status lack real-time detection and analysis methods. Therefore, the equipment cannot adjust the cutting parameters or perform tool compensation based on the actual processing conditions. Once the tool wears out, the coolant supply is insufficient, or the workpiece material experiences performance fluctuations, the processing quality is difficult to maintain stability, and the problem of high scrap rate has not been fundamentally improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, this application provides a drilling combination machine tool and control system for lead screw nuts.

[0005] In the first aspect, the drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: including: a worktable; A transverse component is disposed on the worktable. The transverse component includes a slide and a clamping component disposed on the slide. The clamping component is used to position the lead screw nut. A drilling frame and a tapping frame are fixedly mounted on the workbench, and the drilling frame and the tapping frame are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the transverse component; the drilling frame is provided with a lifting component one and a drilling execution component that is drivenly connected to the lifting component one, and the tapping frame is provided with a lifting component two and a tapping execution component that is drivenly connected to the lifting component two. A cooling assembly includes a first cooling nozzle, a second cooling nozzle, connecting hoses, and a pump assembly. The first cooling nozzle is mounted on the drilling frame and faces the machining position of the drilling execution assembly. The second cooling nozzle is mounted on the tapping frame and faces the machining position of the tapping execution assembly. The first and second cooling nozzles are respectively connected to the outlet end of the pump assembly via the connecting hoses. Control valves are installed on both the first and second cooling nozzles. The inlet end of the pump assembly is connected to a coolant source. The control components are located on the outer wall of the worktable.

[0006] Secondly, the control system of the drilling combination machine tool for the aforementioned lead screw nut provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: the control component is signal connected to the transverse component, the first lifting component, the second lifting component, the drilling execution component, the tapping execution component, the pump body component and the control valve; The control unit includes a data acquisition end, an analysis end, a comparison end, a correction end, and an output end. The data acquisition end, the analysis end, the comparison end, the correction end, and the output end are in a progressive data flow relationship, forming a closed-loop quality control circuit.

[0007] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: First, the drilling and tapping stations are arranged on the same worktable, and the clamping device is precisely moved between the two stations using a traversing assembly. In this way, the workpiece can complete multiple processes continuously after a single clamping. This arrangement eliminates the changes in positioning references and error accumulation caused by repeated clamping in traditional sequential machining, thus greatly improving process flow efficiency and hole position consistency.

[0008] Secondly, the cooling system is equipped with independent nozzles for both the drilling and tapping stations. Each branch has a control valve that can adjust the flow rate individually according to the heat dissipation and lubrication requirements of different processes, and is also regulated in conjunction with the pump output pressure to ensure that the coolant is distributed as needed. This design not only ensures sufficient cooling of the machining area but also reduces coolant waste, thus helping to extend tool life and improve surface quality.

[0009] Third, the control system collects parameters such as drilling torque, tapping torque, spindle speed and feed rate in real time, and establishes a comprehensive quality index evaluation model based on these parameters. Then, the measured values ​​are compared with preset thresholds to make a quantitative judgment on the processing stability and finished product quality. In this way, operators or the upper system can know the processing status in a timely manner and provide reliable data support for subsequent decision-making.

[0010] Fourth, the correction end employs a multi-level adaptive compensation strategy. If the quality index does not meet the requirements, the cutting feed, spindle speed, and cooling parameters are adjusted first to optimize the process conditions. If the improvement is insufficient, further radial compensation, axial compensation, and coordinate offset correction are performed, thus forming a progressively deeper closed-loop adjustment method. This hierarchical design takes into account both adjustment efficiency and accuracy. If multiple corrections are still ineffective, the system automatically locks the workstation and issues an alarm. This mechanism can effectively prevent batch scrap and improve the intelligence level and operational stability of the machining system. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling frame and tapping frame of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the architecture of the control component of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a detailed structural block diagram of the control component of the present invention.

[0012] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Worktable; 2. Transverse movement assembly; 21. Slide; 22. Clamping assembly; 3. Drilling frame; 31. Lifting assembly one; 32. Drilling execution assembly; 33. Cooling nozzle one; 4. Tapping frame; 41. Lifting assembly two; 42. Tapping execution assembly; 43. Cooling nozzle two; 5. Connecting hose; 6. Pump body assembly; 7. Control components. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The drilling combination machine tool and control system for lead screw nuts involved in the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0014] Please see Figures 1-3 The illustrated drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts includes a worktable 1 and a control component 7 mounted on the outer side wall of the worktable 1; A linear guide pair is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the worktable 1 along its length. The slide rail of the linear guide pair is arranged parallel to the upper surface of the worktable 1. The slide 21 is slidably engaged with the worktable 1 through the linear guide pair. The bottom of the slide 21 is provided with a slider that matches the slide rail. The slider is embedded in the guide groove of the slide rail and can slide back and forth along the guide groove. One end of the slide 21 is fixedly connected to the output end of a servo motor. The servo motor is connected to a lead screw through a coupling. The lead screw nut is installed at the bottom of the slide 21. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the slide 21 to reciprocate along the linear guide pair, thereby achieving precise positioning of the slide 21 on the worktable 1. A clamping assembly 22 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the slide 21. The clamping assembly 22 is used to position the lead screw nut to be processed. A pneumatic clamp or a manual clamp can be used. The jaws of the clamping assembly 22 are driven by air pressure or manually tightened to achieve radial clamping of the workpiece, ensuring that the workpiece position is fixed during processing and does not shift or rotate.

[0015] The upper surface of the workbench 1 is provided with drilling frames 3 and tapping frames 4 arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the transverse component 2. Both drilling frames 3 and tapping frames 4 are fixedly mounted on the workbench 1 with bolts, possessing sufficient structural strength to withstand the reaction forces during drilling and tapping. A lifting component 31 is provided on the drilling frame 3. The lifting component 31 can be implemented using a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or motor screw pair for lifting movement. In this embodiment, a servo motor-driven screw pair is preferred to achieve precise lifting and positioning. The output end of the lifting component 31 is connected to a drilling execution component 32, which includes a drive motor. The machine and drill chuck are connected. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drill bit through the drill chuck, which is used to install the drill bit and drive the drill bit to rotate, thereby realizing drilling. The tapping frame 4 is equipped with a second lifting component 41. The second lifting component 41 can also be implemented by a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder or motor screw pair. In this embodiment, a servo motor drives the screw pair. The output end of the second lifting component 41 is connected to a tapping execution component 42. The tapping execution component 42 includes a drive motor and a tapping chuck. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the tap through the tapping chuck, which is used to install the tap and drive the tap to rotate, thereby realizing tapping. The cooling assembly includes a first cooling nozzle 33, a second cooling nozzle 43, a connecting hose 5, and a pump assembly 6. The first cooling nozzle 33 is fixedly mounted on the drilling frame 3 via a bracket, with its nozzle facing the machining position of the drilling execution assembly 32, for spraying coolant onto the drilling area. The second cooling nozzle 43 is fixedly mounted on the tapping frame 4 via a bracket, with its nozzle facing the machining position of the tapping execution assembly 42, for spraying coolant onto the tapping area. The first cooling nozzle 33 and the second cooling nozzle 43 are respectively connected via… The connecting hose 5 is connected to the outlet end of the pump body assembly 6, and electromagnetic control valves are installed on the first cooling nozzle 33 and the second cooling nozzle 43 respectively to independently adjust the coolant flow rate and realize separate control of the coolant supply to the drilling and tapping positions. The inlet end of the pump body assembly 6 is connected to the coolant source through a pipeline. After the pump body assembly 6 is started, the coolant is drawn from the coolant source and delivered to the first cooling nozzle 33 and the second cooling nozzle 43 through the connecting hose 5, and sprayed onto the drilling and tapping positions to achieve cooling and lubrication.

[0016] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the transverse component 2, lifting component one 31, lifting component two 41, drilling execution component 32, tapping execution component 42, pump body component 6, and control valve are all conventional components known to those skilled in the art. Their specific models, specifications, and internal structures can be selected according to actual needs and do not affect the implementation of the technical solution of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the protection scope of this invention. Example

[0017] Please see Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, based on the equipment structure provided in Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment further provides a control system for the lead screw and nut drilling combination machine tool; the control component 7, as the core decision-making unit, is connected to the control valves on the transverse component 2, lifting component 1 31, lifting component 2 41, drilling execution component 32, tapping execution component 42, pump body component 6, and cooling nozzle, and specifically includes a data acquisition end, an analysis end, a comparison end, a correction end, and an output end. The data flow between each end is progressive, forming a closed-loop quality control circuit; The acquisition terminal includes a primary acquisition module, a secondary acquisition module, and a tertiary acquisition module, used to acquire processing parameter datasets at different stages; The primary acquisition module is used to collect a primary processing parameter dataset. A primary processing operation refers to the initial processing batch in which the equipment operates according to the factory calibration or the benchmark parameters preset by the process engineer. The primary acquisition module collects the following parameters in real time through the mechanical sensors deployed at the drill chuck of the drilling execution component 32, the mechanical sensors deployed at the tapping chuck of the tapping execution component 42, the servo motor encoders on the slide 21, the servo motor encoders on the lifting component 31 and the lifting component 41, and the position feedback units integrated on the control valves of the cooling nozzle 33 and the cooling nozzle 43: Spindle speed during drilling stage Feed rate Drilling torque Axial force during drilling ; Spindle speed during tapping stage Feed rate Tapping torque ; The opening degree of the control valves for cooling nozzle 1 33 and cooling nozzle 2 43 , 、; Output pressure of pump body assembly 6 ; Lateral positioning deviation of slide 21 ; The primary acquisition module packages all the above parameters into a primary parameter dataset and outputs it to the analysis end for data processing.

[0018] The secondary acquisition module is used to acquire secondary processing parameter datasets. Secondary processing refers to a batch of processing that has been corrected once and then re-processed. The secondary acquisition module, in addition to acquiring all the parameters acquired by the primary acquisition module, additionally acquires the hole diameter data after processing. and thread conformity data This forms a quadratic parameter dataset; The aperture size data The thread conformity data is collected by an online measuring sensor installed at the drilling station. Data is collected using a thread inspection device at the tapping station. This device, based on the screw and nut product standards, quantifies the measured values ​​of thread integrity, pitch accuracy, and pitch diameter deviation according to preset weights into a dimensionless pass rate index with a value range of 0-1. The closer the value is to 1, the better the overall quality of the thread.

[0019] The three-stage acquisition module is used to collect three processing parameter datasets, where the three processing stages refer to the batches processed again after two corrections. In addition to acquiring all the parameters from the secondary acquisition module, the tertiary acquisition module additionally acquires the repeatability accuracy of the slide block 21. And the Z-axis repeatability of lifting assembly 31 and lifting assembly 41 This forms a three-dimensional parameter dataset; the accuracy of repeated positioning is obtained by testing multiple reciprocating motions and recording the deviation between the actual position and the target position.

[0020] The analysis terminal includes a primary analysis module, a secondary analysis module, and a tertiary analysis module, which are used to process the parameter datasets of each stage output by the acquisition terminal to obtain a comprehensive quality index. The primary analysis module processes the primary parameter dataset output by the primary acquisition module to obtain the initial comprehensive processing quality index. Its calculation logic is as follows: Based on drilling torque fluctuation range Assess the stability of the drilling process based on tapping torque. peak with the mean The smoothness of the tapping process is evaluated, and the two are weighted and combined to obtain the initial processing overall quality index, which is calculated by the following formula: ; in and For the weighting coefficients, satisfying ; This represents the theoretical maximum value of the drilling torque. The torque fluctuation range during the drilling process is calculated using real-time collected torque data.

[0021] The secondary analysis module is used to process the secondary parameter dataset output by the secondary acquisition module to obtain the quality index after correction according to method one. Its calculation logic is as follows: First, based on the real-time drilling torque fluctuation amplitude of this processing batch fed back by the secondary acquisition module. Peak tapping torque and mean Following the same calculation logic as the initial comprehensive processing quality index, the basic process quality index for this processing batch is recalculated and denoted as... Its expression is: ; in and For the weighting coefficients, satisfying ; This represents the theoretical maximum value of the drilling torque; Then, in the basic index of this batch Based on this, the measured hole diameter deviation from this machining process is introduced. and thread profile integrity The weighted summation of the two dimensions is calculated using the following formula: ; in: This represents the absolute value of the aperture deviation measured by the secondary acquisition module. The thread qualification data measured by the secondary acquisition module is the dimensionless comprehensive qualification rate that integrates multiple dimensions of information such as thread profile, pitch and pitch diameter. The classic value range is 0-1. This is the nominal value of the aperture. and These are the bore diameter accuracy weighting coefficient and the thread integrity weighting coefficient, respectively, satisfying... ,and The classic value range is ; This is an upper bound function used to clamp the aperture quality factor to the non-negative range, preventing negative values ​​of the quality index due to extreme deviations in measured data, thus ensuring... It always has a clear physical boundary.

[0022] The three-dimensional analysis module is used to process the three-dimensional parameter dataset output by the three-dimensional acquisition module to obtain the quality index after correction according to method two. Its calculation logic is as follows: First, based on the real-time drilling torque fluctuation amplitude of this processing batch fed back by the three acquisition modules. Peak tapping torque and mean Recalculate the basic process quality index for this processing batch, denoted as . Its expression is: ; Among them, each weighting coefficient and Definition and The calculation rules are the same; Then, in the basic index of this batch Based on this, the measured hole diameter deviation from this machining process is introduced. Thread profile integrity The weighted summation of the positioning repeatability of each motion axis is calculated using the following formula:

[0023] in and These are the hole diameter deviation and thread conformity data measured by the three acquisition modules. The classic range of values ​​for is 0-1; The measured repeatability of the positioning deviations are as follows: for slide 21 in the horizontal direction, for lifting component 1 in the vertical direction, and for lifting component 2 in the vertical direction. These are the allowable repeatability deviation limits for each motion axis, determined by the equipment factory calibration. The preset weighting coefficients for the above five quality dimensions are respectively, satisfying... Furthermore, all weights are positive numbers, with a classic value range of 0.1-0.4. This is an upper bound function used to clamp each quality factor to the non-negative interval, eliminating the unreasonable reverse pull effect on the comprehensive quality index caused by the factor taking a negative value when the deviation of a certain dimension exceeds the limit. The physical meaning of this corresponds strictly to the weighted quality excellence rate.

[0024] The comparison module includes a primary comparison module, a secondary comparison module, and a tertiary comparison module, which are used to compare the preset processing quality threshold with the quality index of each stage and output the judgment result. The preset processing quality threshold The value stored in the memory of control component 7 is obtained through process testing based on the product standard of the lead screw and nut, and can be modified by process personnel through the human-machine interface; The first comparison module is used to compare... Compared with the output of the first analysis module Compare; like If the process stability is deemed satisfactory, a secondary acquisition trigger signal is generated, and the primary parameter dataset and the trigger signal are sent to the secondary acquisition module to drive the secondary acquisition module to process the aperture size data. and thread conformity data The actual measurements were performed, and the secondary comparison module used the comprehensive quality index as the basis for the comparison. Make a final determination of whether it is qualified or not; like If the result is not satisfactory, the set of unsatisfactory information is sent to the correction end, and the first correction submodule performs the cutting process parameter correction and then re-processes. The secondary comparison module is used to... With the output of the secondary analysis module Compare; like If the result is not found, it is considered qualified (this qualification determination covers both the case where the secondary acquisition is triggered by the primary comparison module and the case where the secondary processing is triggered by the correction end), and the qualified information set is output to the output end. like If it is not qualified, the set of unqualified information will be included. , The comparison data is also sent to the correction end; The three-comparison module is used to... Compared with the output of the three-dimensional analysis module Compare; like If the result is not met, it is considered qualified, and the qualified information set is output to the output terminal. like If the result is not met, the non-compliant information set and all preceding corrected datasets will be packaged and sent back to the technical side.

[0025] The correction end has a built-in strategy selection submodule, a primary correction submodule, and a secondary correction submodule, which are used to perform corresponding parameter corrections based on the judgment result of the comparison end. The strategy selection submodule is used to receive the set of non-conforming information transmitted from the comparison end, and extract the aperture quality factor from the set of non-conforming information. and thread quality factor ; like and Below the preset single-item pass threshold If the primary cause of the current non-compliance is determined to be dimensional or thread forming defects, the secondary correction submodule is directly invoked to perform spatial positioning and tool wear compensation correction, skipping the primary correction submodule. The classic value range is 0.7-0.9, with a preferred value of 0.8; Otherwise, based on the trigger stage identifier attached to the non-compliant information set, the system will automatically select to call either the first-stage correction submodule or the second-stage correction submodule to perform the correction.

[0026] Before calling the secondary correction submodule, the strategy selection submodule also performs a correction validity determination: when the set of unqualified information sent by the secondary comparison module contains , When comparing data, calculate the correction improvement index. Its expression is: ; like If the current correction direction is deemed valid, the secondary correction submodule will be called to perform the correction. like If the correction direction is deemed invalid or the improvement is insufficient, the strategy selection submodule skips the secondary correction submodule, packages the set of unqualified information and the set of parameters of the first correction that has been executed together and uploads them to the technical end. At the same time, the control component 7 locks the current workstation and issues a warning, waiting for maintenance personnel to manually reset and troubleshoot. in The preset effective improvement threshold has a classic value range of 1.0-1.2, with a preferred value of 1.0. when When the value is 1.0, the corrected quality index Compared with the quality index before correction If the correction direction is considered to be effective, the value is set based on the physical characteristic that the effect of machining correction usually converges asymptotically, so as to avoid triggering false alarms due to the requirement that a single correction must achieve a numerical improvement; if the process personnel expect a more stringent improvement standard, they can adjust the threshold in the range of 1.0-1.2 through the human-machine interface of the control component (7); The first correction submodule executes in the following mode: adaptive correction of cutting process parameters. When the first comparison module determines that the result is unqualified, the strategy selection submodule calls the first correction submodule. The first correction submodule maps the first correction parameter set based on the data in the unqualified information set according to the following rules: If drilling torque fluctuates If the error exceeds the tolerance, reduce the feed speed of the lifting assembly 31. to At the same time, increase the opening of the control valve of cooling nozzle 33. to and increase the output pressure of pump body assembly 6. to ; If the peak tapping torque If the error exceeds the tolerance, reduce the feed speed of lifting component 2 41. to At the same time, reduce the spindle speed of the tap. to And increase the opening of the control valve of cooling nozzle 243. to ; If the overall coolant flow is insufficient, increase the output power of pump assembly 6. to ; If the slide block's lateral positioning deviation If the error exceeds the tolerance, it will be corrected through the servo drive's control parameter self-adjustment function, with the adjustment amount being... ; in The preset correction factor has a classic range of 0.5-0.95. The specific value can be determined through process experiments based on the actual processing material and working conditions. When multiple correction conditions are met simultaneously, the correction amounts of each execution parameter are coordinated according to a preset safety priority and are limited by the maximum allowable adjustment range of each parameter; the primary correction submodule applies a coordinated constraint to the output pressure adjustment of the pump body assembly 6 and the opening adjustment of each cooling nozzle control valve, and their combined effect must satisfy: ; in The maximum permissible output pressure of pump body assembly 6. and These are the maximum permissible openings of cooling nozzle 33 and cooling nozzle 43, respectively. The preset comprehensive safety factor typically ranges from 0.7 to 1.0. If the above-mentioned collaborative constraints are not met, the adjustment amounts will be reduced proportionally until the constraints are met. The final correction values ​​of each cutting feed parameter and spindle speed parameter must not exceed their respective safety soft limits. If the calculated value exceeds the soft limit, the limit extreme value will be forcibly taken. The first correction submodule summarizes the above adjustment amounts into a first correction parameter set and outputs it to the execution register of the control unit 7. This drives the control valves of the lifting assembly 31, the lifting assembly 41, the cooling nozzle 33, and the cooling nozzle 43, as well as the servo drivers of the pump assembly 6 and the slide 21, to perform secondary processing according to the new parameters.

[0027] The second method of the secondary correction submodule is spatial positioning and tool wear compensation correction. When the secondary comparison module determines that the result is unqualified, the strategy selection submodule calls the secondary correction submodule. The secondary correction submodule derives the secondary correction parameter set based on the unqualified information set and the primary correction parameter set, according to the following rules: If the aperture deviation Exceeding the permitted range If the drill bit is determined to have radial wear, the transverse and longitudinal positioning coordinates of the slide 21 are not adjusted. Instead, a wear compensation amount is applied to the tool radius of the drilling execution assembly 32 in the tool wear compensation register of the control component 7. Its expression is: ; in: This is the historical radius compensation cumulative value that was stored in the tool wear compensation register before this machining process, and its initial value is 0; This is the tool radius compensation coefficient, with a classic value range of 0.3-0.7, and a preferred value of 0.5. The compensation amount The compensation is added incrementally to the tool offset register, replacing the previous compensation value. Each addition is limited by the preset maximum allowable compensation amount for the tool radius. If the calculated value exceeds Then force take It also issues an early warning signal; the incremental compensation structure makes each correction respond only to a portion of the current deviation, and uses the cumulative effect of historical compensation values ​​to achieve progressive tracking of tool radial wear, effectively suppressing compensation oscillations caused by single measurement fluctuations; Meanwhile, when the secondary correction submodule performs tool radius compensation, if the primary correction submodule has already adjusted the feed rate... or spindle speed If an over-correction amount is applied, the secondary correction submodule, before performing tool compensation superposition, first calls the correction parameter set recorded in the primary correction submodule and adjusts the cutting parameters in a coordinated manner according to the following coupling and coordination rules: First, based on the tool radius compensation amount Calculate the drilling torque increment caused by the change in cutting width. Its expression is: ; in The nominal radius of the current cutting tool. This is the coupling effect coefficient, with a classic value range of 0.1-0.3; Then, the drilling torque increment Compared with the actual value of drilling torque after one correction Perform an overlay evaluation, if Exceeding the preset torque safety limit Then the synchronous callback feed rate Correction amount, pullback range satisfy: ; And the feed rate correction value after the callback Tool radius compensation The output is synchronously sent to the execution register, so that the cutting parameter adjustment and tool compensation correction work together to avoid torque over-limit or tool breakage due to the surge in cutting force after compensation.

[0028] Meanwhile, to compensate for wear along the length of the tool, the drilling endpoint coordinates of the lifting assembly 31 are adjusted. Shift down by one length of wear compensation amount Its expression is: ; in: This is the accumulated length compensation value before this processing, with an initial value of 0; The cumulative number of parts processed by the current tool is recorded in real time by the counter of the control unit (7); To increase the cumulative number of processed pieces The changing single-cycle wear step size function is expressed as follows: ; in The initial wear step size is typically set between 0.005mm and 0.02mm. This is the steady-state wear rate coefficient, with a classic value range of 0.2-0.5; This is the wear attenuation coefficient, with a classic value range of 0.001-0.01; This is the length compensation coefficient, with a classic value range of 0.3-0.7, and a preferred value of 0.5. The exponential decay function is used to simulate the physical law that the tool wear rate gradually stabilizes with the increase of the cumulative number of machined parts, so that the compensation step size is larger in the initial machining stage and the compensation step size approaches the steady-state value in the later stage of machining. This enables precise tracking of the tool length wear process; the length compensation amount is limited by a preset maximum allowable length compensation value. When the calculated value exceeds At that time, forced lock to And issue a warning signal.

[0029] If the lateral positioning deviation of slide 21 accumulates If the deviation exceeds the tolerance, the target absolute coordinate value of slide 21 will be updated in the coordinate system of control component 7. ; All the above coordinate compensation values ​​are equipped with soft limit protection. When the calculated compensation value exceeds the soft limit, it is forcibly locked to the limit extreme value, and at the same time, a warning signal is sent to the technical end to prevent mechanical collisions of slide 21, lifting component 31 or lifting component 41 due to software logic errors. The secondary correction submodule summarizes the above coordinate compensation amounts into a secondary correction parameter set and outputs it to the coordinate offset register of the control component 7 to drive slide 21, lifting component 31 and lifting component 41 to perform three processing operations according to the compensated coordinates.

[0030] When the strategy selection submodule is due to or Below When the secondary correction submodule is directly called, if the memory of the control unit 7 also records a historical flag indicating that the primary correction submodule was not executed (i.e., ... (In cases where the result is deemed unqualified but skipped), the secondary correction submodule, while performing coordinate and tool compensation, will adjust the feed rate settings from the primary correction submodule. The correction amount of cooling flow rate is synchronously superimposed on the execution register, so that spatial positioning compensation and cutting process parameter adjustment work together. If the correction amounts of the two conflict on a certain execution element, the weighted average of each correction amount is taken according to the preset safety priority to ensure the safe operation of the equipment and the consistent correction direction. After the secondary correction submodule completes coordinate compensation and drives the equipment to perform the third machining operation, if the third comparison module still determines... Before uploading the set of non-compliant information to the technical side, the improvement margin of the secondary correction is also calculated. Its expression is: ; like If the second correction direction is incorrect or the tool condition has been severely deteriorated, the three comparison modules will package and upload the three unqualified datasets, the first correction parameter set, the second correction parameter set, and the improvement invalidity flag to the technical end. At the same time, the control unit 7 will lock the current workstation and issue a warning, waiting for maintenance personnel to manually reset and troubleshoot. like If the error is not clear, it indicates that the correction direction is effective but the magnitude is insufficient. In this case, the system will not repeat the third correction. Instead, it will package the three non-conforming datasets, the first correction parameter set, and the second correction parameter set together and upload them to the technical end. At the same time, the control unit 7 will lock the current workstation and issue a warning, waiting for the process personnel to evaluate and adjust the correction coefficient before intervening.

[0031] The output terminal is used to receive the qualified information set transmitted by each module of the comparison terminal, and output the corresponding processing qualified instruction according to the source of the qualified information set: When receiving the qualified information set from the secondary comparison module, if the qualified determination corresponds to the secondary acquisition process triggered by the primary comparison module, an initial processing qualified instruction is output; if the qualified determination corresponds to the secondary processing process triggered by the correction end, a mode 1 corrected qualified instruction is output. When receiving the qualified information set from the three comparison modules, output the qualified instruction after correction in mode two; When the three comparison modules still determine that the work is unqualified, the three comparison modules will package the three unqualified datasets, the first correction parameter set and the second correction parameter set together and upload them to the technical end. At the same time, the control unit 7 will lock the current workstation and issue an alarm. When in use, the operator sets the specification parameters and reference process parameters of the lead screw nut to be processed through the human-machine interface of the control component 7, and installs the workpiece on the clamping assembly 22; After the equipment is started, the control unit 7 controls the traverse assembly 2 to move the slide 21 and clamping assembly 22 to below the drilling frame 3. The lifting assembly 31 descends to bring the drill bit of the drilling execution assembly 32 close to the workpiece surface. The drilling execution assembly 32 starts the drive motor to drive the drill bit to rotate. At the same time, the lifting assembly 31 feeds at a preset speed. Feed downwards to complete the drilling process; After drilling is completed, lifting assembly 31 rises, and lateral movement assembly 2 moves slide 21 to below tap holder 4. Lifting assembly 41 descends, bringing the tap of tapping execution assembly 42 close to the workpiece hole. Tapping execution assembly 42 starts its drive motor to drive the tap to rotate, while lifting assembly 41 feeds at a preset speed. Feed downwards to complete the tapping process; During this process, the acquisition end of control component 7 acquires the drilling torque in real time. Tapping torque Spindle speed Feed rate , Key process parameters such as coolant flow rate are analyzed by the analysis end based on the collected data to calculate a comprehensive quality index, while the comparison end compares the quality index with a preset threshold. The comparison is performed, and the correction end performs adaptive parameter correction or spatial positioning compensation based on the non-conforming information to form a closed-loop quality control loop. If the quality index of a single processing step If the value is below the threshold, the primary correction submodule automatically adjusts the cutting parameters and performs secondary machining. If the secondary processing quality index If the value is still below the threshold, the secondary correction submodule performs spatial positioning and tool wear compensation correction, and performs a third machining operation. If the quality index of three processing steps If the value is still below the threshold, the system will lock the workstation and issue a warning. This enables the acquisition, analysis, and feedback correction of quality data during the drilling process of lead screws and nuts, effectively solving the problem of the lack of quality data acquisition and feedback correction capabilities in existing control systems, and significantly improving processing quality and production efficiency.

Claims

1. A drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts, characterized in that, include: Workbench (1); A transverse component (2) is disposed on the worktable (1). The transverse component (2) includes a slide (21) and a clamping component (22) disposed on the slide (21). The clamping component (22) is used to position the lead screw nut. The drilling frame (3) and the tapping frame (4) are fixedly mounted on the workbench (1), and the drilling frame (3) and the tapping frame (4) are arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the transverse component (2); the drilling frame (3) is provided with a lifting component one (31) and a drilling execution component (32) that is drivenly connected to the lifting component one (31); the tapping frame (4) is provided with a lifting component two (41) and a tapping execution component (42) that is drivenly connected to the lifting component two (41). The cooling assembly includes a first cooling nozzle (33), a second cooling nozzle (43), a connecting hose (5), and a pump assembly (6). The first cooling nozzle (33) is mounted on the drilling frame (3) and faces the machining position of the drilling execution assembly (32). The second cooling nozzle (43) is mounted on the tapping frame (4) and faces the machining position of the tapping execution assembly (42). The first cooling nozzle (33) and the second cooling nozzle (43) are respectively connected to the outlet end of the pump assembly (6) through the connecting hose (5). Control valves are respectively installed on the first cooling nozzle (33) and the second cooling nozzle (43). The inlet end of the pump assembly (6) is connected to a coolant source. The control component (7) is disposed on the outer wall of the worktable (1).

2. The drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A linear guide pair is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the worktable (1). The slide (21) slides with the worktable (1) through the linear guide pair. One end of the slide (21) is connected to a servo motor that drives it to reciprocate along the linear guide pair.

3. The drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first lifting assembly (31) and the second lifting assembly (41) are both lead screw pairs driven by servo motors; the drilling execution assembly (32) includes a drive motor and a drill chuck, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the drill bit through the drill chuck; the tapping execution assembly (42) includes a drive motor and a tapping chuck, and the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the tap through the tapping chuck.

4. The drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control valves installed on the first (33) and the second (43) cooling nozzles are electromagnetic control valves.

5. A control system for a drilling combination machine tool for a lead screw nut as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The control component (7) is signal connected to the transverse component (2), the first lifting component (31), the second lifting component (41), the drilling execution component (32), the tapping execution component (42), the pump body component (6), and the control valve; The control unit (7) includes a data acquisition end, an analysis end, a comparison end, a correction end, and an output end. The data acquisition end, the analysis end, the comparison end, the correction end, and the output end are in a progressive data flow relationship, forming a closed-loop quality control circuit.

6. The control system of a drilling combination machine tool for lead screws and nuts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acquisition terminal includes a primary acquisition module, a secondary acquisition module, and a tertiary acquisition module; The primary acquisition module is used to acquire real-time signals from the mechanical sensors deployed on the drilling execution component (32) and the tapping execution component (42), the servo motor encoders deployed on the slide (21), the first lifting component (31) and the second lifting component (41), and the position feedback unit deployed on the control valve, to obtain a primary processing parameter dataset, and output the primary processing parameter dataset to the primary analysis module at the analysis end; The secondary acquisition module is used to acquire the primary processing parameter dataset output by the primary acquisition module. After receiving the secondary acquisition trigger signal triggered by the primary comparison module, it acquires the hole diameter data using an online measurement sensor installed at the drilling station and acquires the thread qualification data using a thread detection device installed at the tapping station. The above data is merged with the primary processing parameter dataset to form a secondary processing parameter dataset, and the secondary processing parameter dataset is output to the secondary analysis module at the analysis end. The tertiary acquisition module is used to take the secondary processing parameter dataset output by the secondary acquisition module, and take the repeatability of the slide (21), the Z-axis repeatability of the lifting component one (31) and the Z-axis repeatability of the lifting component two (41) obtained by multiple reciprocating motion tests, and merge the above data with the secondary processing parameter dataset into a tertiary processing parameter dataset, and output the tertiary processing parameter dataset to the tertiary analysis module of the analysis end.

7. The control system of a drilling combination machine tool for lead screws and nuts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The analysis terminal includes a primary analysis module, a secondary analysis module, and a tertiary analysis module; The first analysis module is used to take the first processing parameter dataset output by the first acquisition module, and calculate the initial processing comprehensive quality index by weighting and summarizing the drilling torque fluctuation amplitude and the ratio of the peak value to the average value of the tapping torque according to the preset weighting coefficient, based on the drilling torque fluctuation amplitude and the ratio of the peak value to the average value of the tapping torque, and output the initial processing comprehensive quality index to the first comparison module of the comparison end. The secondary analysis module is used to recalculate the basic process quality index of this batch based on the secondary processing parameter dataset output by the secondary acquisition module, according to the real-time drilling torque fluctuation amplitude, tapping torque peak value and average value, and then introduce the hole diameter deviation and thread tooth integrity measured in this processing for weighted summation to obtain the quality index after correction of method one, and output the quality index after correction of method one to the secondary comparison module of the comparison end. The three-stage analysis module is used to recalculate the basic process quality index of this batch based on the three processing parameter datasets output by the three-stage acquisition module, according to the real-time drilling torque fluctuation amplitude, tapping torque peak value and average value. Then, the measured hole diameter deviation, thread tooth integrity and positioning repeatability of each motion axis are introduced for weighted summation to obtain the quality index after correction in mode two. The quality index after correction in mode two is then output to the three-stage comparison module at the comparison end.

8. The control system of a drilling combination machine tool for lead screws and nuts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The comparison end includes a primary comparison module, a secondary comparison module, and a tertiary comparison module, and the comparison end is preset with a processing quality threshold. The primary comparison module is used to compare the initial comprehensive processing quality index output by the primary analysis module with the preset processing quality threshold. If the initial processing comprehensive quality index is greater than or equal to the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be qualified, a secondary acquisition trigger signal is generated, and the primary processing parameter dataset and the secondary acquisition trigger signal are output to the secondary acquisition module. If the initial processing comprehensive quality index is less than the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be unqualified, and the unqualified information set is output to the strategy selection submodule of the correction end. The secondary comparison module is used to compare the quality index after correction of method one output by the secondary analysis module with the preset processing quality threshold. If the quality index after the correction of the first method is greater than or equal to the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be qualified, and the qualified information set is output to the output terminal. If the quality index after correction by the first method is less than the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be unqualified, and the unqualified information set and the comparison data of the previous quality index are output to the strategy selection submodule of the correction end. The three-comparison module is used to compare the quality index after correction according to method two, which is output by the three-comparison analysis module, with the preset processing quality threshold. If the quality index after the correction in method two is greater than or equal to the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be qualified, and the qualified information set is output to the output terminal. If the quality index after the correction in Method 2 is less than the preset processing quality threshold, it is determined to be unqualified. The unqualified information set and all previous correction datasets are packaged and output to the technical end, and the station lock and warning trigger signals are output to the control unit (7).

9. The control system of a drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The correction module includes a strategy selection submodule, a primary correction submodule, and a secondary correction submodule; The strategy selection submodule is used to extract the aperture quality factor and thread quality factor from the set of non-conforming information transmitted by the comparison end, and compare the two with the preset single-item conformity threshold respectively. If the aperture quality factor or the thread quality factor is lower than the preset single-item qualification threshold, the secondary correction submodule is directly invoked, and the primary correction submodule is skipped. Otherwise, based on the trigger stage identifier attached to the non-compliant information set, either the primary correction submodule or the secondary correction submodule is invoked. The first correction submodule is used to adjust the feed speed of the first lifting component (31) and the second lifting component (41), the spindle speed of the drilling execution component (32) and the tapping execution component (42), the opening degree of the control valve, the output pressure of the pump body component (6) and the lateral positioning deviation of the slide (21) according to the preset mapping rules when the strategy selection submodule calls the first correction submodule, using the data in the unqualified information set, to generate a first correction parameter set, and output the first correction parameter set to the execution register of the control component (7); The secondary correction submodule is used, when the strategy selection submodule calls the secondary correction submodule, to use the set of unqualified information and the set of parameters of the first correction that has already been executed, and to perform the following correction according to the preset mapping rules: The wear compensation amount is applied to the tool radius of the drilling execution component (32) according to the hole diameter deviation, and is added to the tool wear compensation register in an incremental manner, which is limited by the preset maximum allowable compensation amount of tool radius; Based on the cumulative number of parts processed by the tool, and according to the single wear step function that varies with the cumulative number of parts processed, the length wear compensation amount is applied to the drilling endpoint coordinate of the lifting component (31), which is limited by the preset maximum allowable length compensation value. Based on the cumulative amount of the lateral positioning deviation of the slide (21), the target absolute coordinate value of the slide (21) is updated in the coordinate system of the control element (7); The secondary correction submodule summarizes the above compensation amounts into a secondary correction parameter set and outputs it to the coordinate offset register of the control unit (7).

10. The control system of a drilling combination machine tool for lead screw nuts according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the secondary correction submodule performs tool radius compensation, it also performs the following steps: The drilling torque increment caused by the change in cutting width is calculated by using the tool radius compensation amount. The drilling torque increment is superimposed with the actual value of the drilling torque after one correction for evaluation. If it exceeds the preset torque safety limit, the feed speed correction amount of the lifting component (31) is synchronously called back, and the feed speed correction value after the call back and the tool radius compensation amount are synchronously output to the execution register. Before calling the secondary correction submodule, the strategy selection submodule also performs a correction validity determination: using the preceding quality index comparison data in the non-conforming information set sent by the secondary comparison module, the correction improvement index is calculated. If the correction improvement index is greater than or equal to the preset effective improvement threshold, the secondary correction submodule is called; if the correction improvement index is less than the preset effective improvement threshold, the secondary correction submodule is skipped, the non-conforming information set and the already executed first correction parameter set are packaged and output to the technical end, and the station lock and warning trigger signal is output to the control unit (7). When the strategy selection submodule directly calls the secondary correction submodule because the aperture quality factor or the thread quality factor is lower than the preset single qualified threshold, if the memory of the control unit (7) also records the historical identifier of the primary correction submodule not being executed, the secondary correction submodule will synchronously add the correction amount for feed rate and cooling flow rate in the primary correction submodule to the execution register. When the three comparison modules still determine that the quality index after the second correction is less than the preset processing quality threshold, the improvement range of the second correction is calculated by comparing the quality index after the second correction with the quality index after the first correction. If the improvement is less than or equal to zero, the second correction direction is determined to be wrong. The third comparison module packages the three non-conforming datasets and the previous correction parameter set and outputs them to the technical end, and outputs the workstation locking and warning trigger signals to the control unit (7). If the improvement magnitude is greater than zero and the quality index after the second method correction is still less than the preset processing quality threshold, then the three comparison modules will package the three non-conforming datasets and the previous correction parameter set and output them to the technical end, and output the workstation locking and warning trigger signals to the control unit (7); The output terminal is used to output the corresponding processing qualification instruction based on the source of the qualified information set transmitted by the secondary comparison module or the tertiary comparison module.

Images