An apparatus for processing a groove of a workpiece

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of processing workpiece groove equipment, including lifting mechanism, reciprocating mechanism and variable speed feed mechanism;Reciprocating mechanism includes first motor, driving rod, driven rod, first slider, second slider, third slider and lever;The output end of first motor is connected with driving rod, and the one end of driving rod slides in the sliding slot of driven rod, and the top of driven rod is connected with one side of first slider, and the other side of first slider is provided with inclined slot;The upper and lower positions of the other side of second slider are provided with second positioning pin and third positioning pin, and the one side of second slider is provided with first positioning pin;The middle position of the through slot of third slider is provided with fourth positioning pin, and second positioning pin and third positioning pin are in the through slot of third slider, and fourth positioning pin is between second positioning pin and third positioning pin;Second slider is connected with variable speed feed mechanism by lever.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, and more particularly to equipment for machining grooves in workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, grooves machined on workpieces are generally classified according to their shape into straight grooves, spiral grooves, T-grooves, dovetail grooves, and irregular grooves. The selection of equipment for machining grooves requires a comprehensive consideration based on the specific application scenario. For high-precision, high-volume standard grooves, broaching machines or special-purpose machine tools are more suitable; for complex, single-piece grooves, CNC milling machines or machining centers offer greater flexibility; and for difficult-to-machine materials or intricate structures, special machining methods should be considered.

[0003] The processing equipment described in the prior art has a complex structure and is expensive to invest in, and is not suitable for grooving small batches of simple-shaped workpieces.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a simple mechanical structure to complete the task of machining grooves in small batches of workpieces, which can improve work efficiency and save costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention designs a device for processing workpiece grooves, including a lifting mechanism, a reciprocating motion mechanism, and a variable speed feed mechanism. The lifting mechanism lifts and lowers the workpiece, the reciprocating motion mechanism drives the processing tool to reciprocate, and the variable speed feed mechanism drives the processing tool to feed the workpiece. The reciprocating motion mechanism includes a first motor, a driving rod, a driven rod, a first slider, a second slider, a third slider, and a lever. The output end of the first motor is connected to the driving rod, and the end of the driving rod away from the first motor slides in a groove opened in the driven rod. The top of the driven rod is connected to one side of the first slider, and the other side of the first slider has an inclined groove. A first positioning pin is provided on one side of the second slider, located in the inclined groove. A second positioning pin and a third positioning pin are provided at the upper and lower positions on the other side of the second slider. A fourth positioning pin is provided in the middle of a through groove opened in the third slider, with the second and third positioning pins located in the through groove, and the fourth positioning pin located between the second and third positioning pins. The top of the second slider is connected to the variable speed feed mechanism via the lever.

[0006] Furthermore, the variable speed feed mechanism includes a gear shift lever, a spring, a fourth slider, a first slide rail, and a second slide rail; the fourth slider, the first slide rail, and the second slide rail are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the fourth slider is slidably connected to the first slide rail, and the first slide rail is slidably connected to the second slide rail; the lever is disposed in a groove in the first slide rail, a base is installed at one end of the first slide rail, a spring is installed between the base and the fourth slider, a first protruding component is installed at the end of the fourth slider near the spring, the gear shift lever is installed above the fourth slider, the end of the gear shift lever away from the spring is the rotating end, a second protruding component is installed at the lower part of the gear shift lever; a machining tool is provided at the end of the fourth slider away from the spring.

[0007] Furthermore, the reciprocating motion mechanism and the variable speed feed mechanism are mounted on a fixed base.

[0008] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a second motor, a drive gear, a cam, a rack with a circular enclosure, a first conical roller, a second conical roller, and a worktable; the workpiece is fixed on the worktable, the upward output end of the second motor is coaxially connected to the drive gear, the cam is located inside the circular enclosure of the rack, the drive gear meshes with the rack, the first and second conical rollers are respectively located at the top and bottom of the cam, the first conical roller is connected to the worktable, and the second conical roller is connected to the fixed base.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer trajectory of the cam includes three segments: an ascending segment, a top horizontal segment, and a descending segment. During the rotation of the cam, the conical roller drives the workpiece through the worktable to sequentially pass through the three processes of ascending, horizontal, and descending.

[0010] Furthermore, the top end of the driven rod is matched and connected to a cylinder provided on one side of the first slider through an open circular hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the threaded hole at the top of the second slider and the threaded hole at the bottom of the lever are connected by a threaded component, and the top of the lever is connected to the feed machining mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the base has a first inclined surface at its top, and the gear shift lever also has a second inclined surface at its end away from the rotating end; the slopes of the first and second inclined surfaces are equal; the first protruding part is a hook-shaped part.

[0013] Furthermore, the second protruding component is triangular.

[0014] Furthermore, the driving rod rotates under the drive of the first motor. When the end of the driving rod away from the first motor slides in the through groove of the driven rod, the driven rod swings. The driven rod drives the first slider to slide horizontally back and forth. The first slider drives the second slider to slide. The second slider drives the first slide rail to slide through the lever. The position of the second positioning pin and the third positioning pin limits the vertical travel distance of the first slide rail during reciprocating motion.

[0015] The main advantage of this invention is that it achieves automatic machining of workpiece grooves through a simple combination of mechanical components. In particular, the arrangement of the second and third locating pins in the second slider and the fourth locating pin in the third slide groove in the reciprocating motion mechanism within the through groove of the third slider enables the machining tool to automatically achieve the movement path when the tool is in a low position during tool entry and a high position during tool retraction, as well as when the tool switches between high and low positions.

[0016] The combination of the driving rod, the driven rod, and the first motor in the reciprocating motion mechanism can enable the rotation of the driving rod to drive the swing of the driven rod, thereby driving the slider to achieve horizontal reciprocating motion.

[0017] The variable speed feed mechanism utilizes the energy storage and release principle of springs, combined with the lever principle of the speed change lever, the inclined surface design at one end of the speed change lever, and the switching function of the triangular protrusion on the speed change lever. This combination of design and principle enables the machining tool to automatically and quickly feed in and slowly retract.

[0018] The combination of a cam with a lifting trajectory line and a conical roller in the lifting mechanism can realize the automatic lifting and lowering of the worktable during the rotation of the cam. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction; Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the G-axis; Figure 5 for Figure 2 The right view; Figure 6 This is a top view of one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the I-direction; Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified view of the D-axis; Figure 10 for Figure 6 Rear view; Figure 11 for Figure 1 A partial structural installation diagram; Figure 12 for Figure 1 Another partial structural installation diagram; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driving rod and the driven rod; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the gear shift lever. Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the relationship between the driven rod and the slider from a first-person perspective; Figure 16 This is an exploded view of the relationship between the driven rod and the slider from a second perspective; Figure 17 This is an exploded front view of the driven rod and the slider; Figure 18 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the combination between the driven rod and the slider; Figure 19 for Figure 18 The main view; Figure 20 for Figure 19 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the three-segment trajectory line at the top of the cam; Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the machining trajectory of the machining tool; Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the third slider. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, will further explain and illustrate an apparatus for processing grooves in sheet metal according to the present invention. However, such explanation and illustration do not constitute an undue limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0021] refer to Figure 1 and combined Figures 2-23In one embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for machining workpiece grooves is designed, including a lifting mechanism 1, a reciprocating motion mechanism 2, and a variable speed feed mechanism 3. The lifting mechanism 1 lifts and lowers the workpiece 4, the reciprocating motion mechanism 2 drives the machining tool 5 to reciprocate, and the variable speed feed mechanism 3 drives the machining tool 5 to feed the workpiece 4. The reciprocating motion mechanism 2 includes a first motor 21, a driving rod 22, a driven rod 23, a first slider 24, a second slider 25, a third slider 26, and a lever 27. The output end of the first motor 21 is connected to the driving rod 22, and the end of the driving rod away from the first motor slides in a groove 231 opened in the driven rod. The top end is connected to one side of the first slider, and the other side of the first slider is provided with a sloping groove 232; one side of the second slider is provided with a first positioning pin 251, which is located in the sloping groove 232; the upper and lower positions of the other side of the second slider are provided with a second positioning pin 252 and a third positioning pin 253; a fourth positioning pin 262 is provided in the middle of the through groove 261 opened in the third slider; the second positioning pin 253 and the third positioning pin 254 are located in the through groove 261 opened in the third slider, and the fourth positioning pin 262 is located between the second positioning pin 253 and the third positioning pin 254; the top of the second slider is connected to the speed-changing feed mechanism 3 through a lever 27.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the variable speed feed mechanism 3 includes a shift lever 31, a spring 32, a fourth slider 33, a first slide rail 34, and a second slide rail 35. The fourth slider 33, the first slide rail 34, and the second slide rail 35 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, wherein the fourth slider 33 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 34, and the first slide rail 34 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 35. A lever 27 is disposed in a groove in the first slide rail. A base 36 is installed at one end of the first slide rail. A spring 32 is installed between the base 36 and the fourth slider 33. A first protruding component 331 is installed at the end of the fourth slider 33 near the spring. The shift lever 31 is installed above the fourth slider 33. The end of the shift lever 31 away from the spring is a rotating end 311. A second protruding component 312 is installed at the lower part of the shift lever. A machining tool 5 is provided at the end of the fourth slider 33 away from the spring.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the reciprocating motion mechanism 2 and the variable speed feed mechanism 3 are mounted on the fixed base 100.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting mechanism 1 includes a second motor 11, a drive gear 12, a cam 13, a rack 14 with a circular enclosure, two conical rollers 15, and a worktable 16. The workpiece 4 is fixed on the worktable 16. The upward output end of the second motor 11 is coaxially connected to the drive gear 12. The cam 13 is located inside the circular enclosure of the rack. The drive gear 12 meshes with the rack 14. The first conical roller 15 and the second conical roller 17 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the cam 13. The first conical roller 15 is connected to the worktable 16, and the second conical roller 17 is connected to the fixed base 100.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the outer trajectory of the cam 13 includes three segments: an ascending segment 131, a top horizontal segment 132, and a descending segment 133. During the rotation of the cam 13, the tapered roller 15 drives the workpiece 4 through the worktable 16 to sequentially pass through the three processes of ascending, horizontal, and descending.

[0026] Continue to refer to Figure 21 The segment from a to b is an ascending segment, the segment from b to c is a horizontal segment, and the segment from c to d is a descending segment.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the top end of the driven rod 23 is matched and connected to a cylinder 241 provided on one side of the first slider 24 through an open circular hole 232.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the threaded hole at the top of the second slider and the threaded hole at the bottom of the lever are connected by a threaded component 101, and the top of the lever is connected to the feed machining mechanism.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the top of the base is provided with a first inclined surface 361, and the end of the gear shift lever away from the rotating end is also provided with a second inclined surface 313; the first inclined surface 361 and the second inclined surface 313 have the same slope; the first protruding part 331 is a hook-shaped part.

[0030] The hook-shaped component is designed to provide one-way passage. When the fourth slider slides towards the workpiece, it hooks onto the second protruding component after contacting it, preventing the fourth slider from moving. When the fourth slider slides in the opposite direction to the workpiece, it can pass through smoothly without damping, thus acting as a one-way switch.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the second protruding member 312 is triangular.

[0032] The triangle, with its two hypotenuses, reduces damping during contact with the first protruding component and the base, allowing for smooth passage.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the driving rod 22 rotates under the drive of the first motor 21. When the end of the driving rod away from the first motor slides in the groove 231 opened in the driven rod, the driven rod 23 swings. The driven rod 23 drives the first slider 24 to slide horizontally back and forth. The first slider 24 drives the second slider 25 to slide. The second slider 25 drives the first slide rail 34 to slide through the lever 27. The vertical travel distance of the first slide rail 34 during reciprocating motion is limited by the positions of the second positioning pin 253 and the third positioning pin 254.

[0034] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Step 1: The output of the second motor drives the drive gear to rotate, which in turn drives the rack, which in turn drives the cam mounted on the inner ring of the rack to rotate. A bevel gear is pressed onto the upper and lower surfaces of the cam, and the outer contour of the bevel gear matches the outer contour of the cam. The two bevel gears are connected to the worktable, on which the workpiece to be processed is fixedly mounted. The cam drives the worktable and the workpiece to move up and down through the bevel gears. The cam's contour is three-segmented: a rising segment, a top horizontal segment, and a falling segment. When the workpiece needs to be raised, the second motor starts. During the rotation of the cam, its contour slowly rises from the bottom to the top, and the workpiece is pushed to the highest position by the bevel rollers, i.e., the processing position is reached, and the second motor stops.

[0035] Step 2: The first motor starts and drives the active rod to rotate. The active rod drives the driven rod to swing. The driven rod drives the first slide rail and the fourth slider to move along the second slide rail and toward the workpiece via the lever. Step 3: The first motor continues to rotate, and the driving rod drives the driven rod to continue to swing. When the first protruding part on the fourth slider contacts the second protruding part on the speed change rod, the speed change rod prevents the fourth slider from sliding. The first slide rail continues to slide under the drive of the lever at one end of the driven rod. The spring between the base installed on the first slide rail and the fourth slide rail is compressed, generating elastic energy storage.

[0036] Step 4: The first motor continues to rotate, and the driving rod drives the driven rod to continue to swing. When the first inclined surface at the top of the base on the first slide rail touches the second inclined surface at one end of the gear shift rod, the gear shift rod lifts around the rotating end, the second protruding part disengages from the first protruding part, the spring force is released, and the fourth slider is quickly pushed. The fourth slider pushes the machining tool to perform groove machining on the workpiece.

[0037] Step 5: The first motor stops, the second motor starts, and the output of the second motor drives the drive gear to rotate. The drive gear drives the rack, and the rack drives the cam installed on the inner ring of the rack to rotate. During the rotation, the cam's profile slowly descends from the top to the bottom. The cam lowers the workpiece to the lowest position through the conical roller, and the second motor stops.

[0038] Step 6: The first motor rotates, the driving rod drives the driven rod to continue swinging, and the driven rod drives the first slide rail and the fourth slider to move along the second slide rail away from the workpiece through the lever and return to the original position, and the first motor stops.

[0039] Furthermore, during the swinging process, through the arrangement of the first, second, and third sliders and the four locating pins, a complete trajectory of the lever driving the machining tool to change speed feed is represented by four line segments (see reference). Figure 22 Stage 1: Tool rising stage; Stage 2: Tool infeed stage; Stage 3: Tool falling stage; Stage 4: Tool retraction stage.

[0040] The stroke of the first upward stage and the fourth downward stage are determined by the positions of the second, third, and fourth locating pins in the through slot of the third slider.

[0041] It is understood that the operation and stopping of the first motor and the second motor can be controlled by encoders installed in the first and second motors and position sensors of peripheral devices. These sensing signals are transmitted to the central processing unit through electrical connections for processing, and then the corresponding command signals are output to control the starting and stopping of the first and second motors. The above content is conventional prior art, and the specific control methods and means are not the content to be protected by this invention, and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] It should be noted that the prior art portion of the protection scope of this invention is not limited to the embodiments given in this application. All prior art that does not contradict the solution of this invention, including but not limited to prior patent documents, prior publications, prior public uses, etc., can be included in the protection scope of this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the combination of the technical features in this case is not limited to the combination methods described in the claims of this case or the combination methods described in the specific embodiments. All technical features described in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way, unless they contradict each other.

[0044] It should also be noted that the embodiments listed above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications made thereto are those that can be directly derived or easily conceived by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention, and should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for processing grooves in a workpiece, comprising a lifting mechanism, a reciprocating motion mechanism, and a variable speed feed mechanism, characterized in that: A lifting mechanism lifts and lowers the workpiece, a reciprocating motion mechanism drives the machining tool to reciprocate, and a variable speed feed mechanism drives the machining tool to feed the workpiece. The reciprocating motion mechanism includes a first motor, a driving rod, a driven rod, a first slider, a second slider, a third slider, and a lever. The output end of the first motor is connected to the driving rod, and the end of the driving rod away from the first motor slides in a groove in the driven rod. The top of the driven rod is connected to one side of the first slider, and the other side of the first slider has an inclined groove. A first locating pin is provided on one side of the second slider, and a second locating pin and a third locating pin are provided at the upper and lower positions on the other side of the second slider. The first locating pin is located in the inclined groove. A fourth locating pin is located in the middle of a through groove in the third slider, with the second and third locating pins located in the through groove of the third slider, and the fourth locating pin located between the second and third locating pins. The top of the second slider is connected to the variable speed feed mechanism via a lever.

2. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable speed feed mechanism includes a gear shift lever, a spring, a fourth slider, a first slide rail, and a second slide rail; the fourth slider, the first slide rail, and the second slide rail are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, the fourth slider slides within the first slide rail, and the first slide rail slides within the second slide rail; the lever is located in a groove in the first slide rail, a base is installed at one end of the first slide rail, a spring is installed between the base and the fourth slider, a first protruding component is installed at the end of the fourth slider near the spring, the gear shift lever is installed above the fourth slider, the end of the gear shift lever away from the spring is the rotating end, a second protruding component is installed at the lower part of the gear shift lever; a machining tool is provided at the end of the fourth slider away from the spring.

3. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 2, wherein the reciprocating motion mechanism and the variable speed feed mechanism are mounted on a fixed base.

4. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a second motor, a drive gear, a cam, a rack with a circular enclosure, a first conical roller, a second conical roller, and a worktable. The workpiece is fixed on the worktable. The upward output end of the second motor is coaxially connected to the drive gear. The cam is located inside the circular enclosure of the rack. The drive gear meshes with the rack. The first and second conical rollers are located at the top and bottom of the cam, respectively. The first conical roller is connected to the worktable, and the second conical roller is connected to the fixed base.

5. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer trajectory of the cam includes three segments: an ascending segment, a top horizontal segment, and a descending segment. During the rotation of the cam, the first conical roller is driven to drive the workpiece through the worktable to sequentially pass through the three processes of ascending, horizontal, and descending.

6. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the driven rod is connected to a cylinder on one side of the first slider through a circular hole.

7. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded hole at the top of the second slider is connected to the threaded hole at the bottom of the lever by a threaded component, and the upper part of the lever is connected to the feed machining mechanism.

8. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base has a first inclined surface at its top, and the gear shift lever also has a second inclined surface at the end away from the rotating end; the first protruding component is a hook-shaped component.

9. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second protruding component is triangular.

10. The equipment for processing workpiece grooves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active rod Driven by the first motor, the active rod rotates. When the end of the active rod away from the first motor slides in the through groove of the driven rod, the driven rod swings. The driven rod drives the first slider to slide horizontally back and forth. The first slider drives the second slider to slide. The second slider drives the first slide rail to slide through the lever. The position of the second positioning pin and the third positioning pin limits the vertical travel distance of the first slide rail during reciprocating motion.

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