A worktable device for a machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to a machine tool worktable device, comprising a base, a worktable surface, and a shielding and protective mechanism. The shielding and protective mechanism includes a protective housing and four sets of independent telescopic components. The protective housing completely covers the transmission mechanism of the base, and has protective grooves extending along its length on both sides. The telescopic components include pleats and connecting plates, which are placed in corresponding protective grooves and extend and retract independently with the worktable. The connecting plates slide with the protective grooves to bear the telescopic load. Elastic supports are provided in the protective grooves, and a protruding contact structure is provided on the inner side of the protective housing, which can drive the telescopic components to vibrate and remove chips. This invention eliminates the problems of off-center loading and asynchronous telescopic movement through a split telescopic structure, and achieves separation and decoupling of load-bearing and protective functions with the connecting plates, avoiding tearing and deformation of the protective structure. Relying on the linkage between the vibration chip removal structure and the elastic supports, it takes into account both active chip removal and dynamic sealing, greatly improving the reliability of protection, preventing contaminants from entering the machine tool, and ensuring the feed accuracy of the worktable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool equipment, and more specifically to a worktable device for a machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools are core automated equipment in the field of precision machining. The smoothness, accuracy, and reliability of the table's feed motion directly determine the workpiece's machining accuracy, batch consistency, and the overall service life of the machine tool. During metal cutting, machine tools continuously generate a large amount of metal chips, accompanied by the spraying and rinsing of cutting fluid. These oily metal chips, cutting fluid, and other contaminants can easily penetrate the core moving parts of the table, such as guide rails and sliders, causing jamming, creeping, abnormal wear, or even sudden failure. Therefore, a highly reliable telescopic protective structure is needed for the table to isolate machining contaminants from corroding the internal moving mechanisms.

[0003] Currently, the bellows-type telescopic protective structure is widely used as the mainstream protection solution for machine tool worktables in this field. This structure can extend and retract synchronously with the worktable, adapting to the protection requirements of the entire worktable stroke, and is widely used in the industry. However, in the long-term engineering practice and working condition verification process, the existing bellows-type protective structure still has many technical defects and cannot meet the usage requirements of long-cycle and high-stability operation of CNC machine tools.

[0004] Firstly, to ensure the integrity of the protection and the basic sealing, existing solutions often employ a one-piece, full-length bellows cover structure spanning the width of the worktable on both sides along the feed direction. This structure, during the reciprocating expansion and contraction of the worktable, is susceptible to various factors such as installation dimensional tolerances, guide rail parallelism deviations, and workpiece eccentric loading during processing. This can lead to asynchronous expansion and contraction on both sides of the width and uneven stress distribution. Under the continuous action of long-term alternating uneven stress, the bellows cover is prone to wrinkling, twisting, unilateral wear, or even tearing of the substrate, directly causing the protective structure to fail to seal. Processing contaminants can then penetrate the internal moving parts through the damaged areas, leading to equipment malfunction.

[0005] Secondly, during machine tool processing, metal debris mixed with cutting fluid easily adheres to the exposed outer surface of the bellows cover. As the bellows cover folds and retracts with the worktable, the attached debris is squeezed and embedded into the bellows cover substrate as the folded panels are stacked, causing scratches on the surface protective coating and damage to the base fabric fibers. This not only significantly shortens the service life of the bellows cover but also continuously weakens the sealing and isolation effect of the protective structure, further exacerbating the risk of protective failure.

[0006] Third, in the existing scheme, the bellows cover body directly contacts and cooperates with the guide rail surface. During the extension and retraction process, the supporting force, friction force and lateral load are all directly applied to the bellows cover body, which can easily cause the bellows cover to deform and the guide to deviate. This further amplifies the aforementioned problems of asynchronous extension and retraction and uneven force, and significantly reduces the operational stability and service life of the protective structure.

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to design a machine tool worktable device to address the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a machine tool worktable device that can effectively solve at least one of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a machine tool worktable device, comprising a base, a worktable surface, and a shielding and protective mechanism. The shielding and protective mechanism includes a protective housing and a telescopic assembly. A linear transmission mechanism is provided on the base. The protective housing is disposed on the base and completely covers the transmission mechanism. Protective grooves extending along the length direction are formed on both sides of the protective housing. The bottom sides of the worktable surface pass through the corresponding protective grooves and are connected to the transmission mechanism. The invention is characterized by: The telescopic assembly is provided in four sets, including several pleated sections with a continuous accordion-like structure and several connecting plates. The connecting plates are spaced apart along the telescopic direction of the pleated sections and are respectively fixed to the bending edges of the pleated sections with the same opening direction. The fixed side of the pleated section is located on the side of the protective groove away from the workbench surface, and its sliding side is fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench surface to slide and fold along the extension direction of the protective groove as the workbench surface moves. The upper and lower sides of the connecting plates are slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the protective groove so that the pleated section is embedded in the protective groove. The bottom of the protective groove is provided with an elastic support member, which is used to elastically abut against the bottom of the telescopic component so that its top is movably fitted with the top of the protective groove; The inner side of the protective housing and both sides of the bottom of the protective groove are provided with protruding contact structures that cooperate with the bottom of the connecting plate. The contact structures are used to push the bottom of the connecting plate during the sliding process to drive the connecting plate to move back and forth, thereby generating vibration.

[0010] As a further improvement, the protective housing includes side plates located at both ends in the length direction, two support plates connecting the bottom sides of the two side plates, and a guide structure sealed on the top of the two side plates. The guide structure consists of two guide panels distributed in an inverted V shape and a side baffle extending integrally downward along the outer edge of the guide panel. The side baffle, the support plate on the same side, and the side plates on both sides enclose and form the protective groove. The inner side of the protective housing forms an installation cavity.

[0011] As a further improvement, the side baffle is integrally bent toward the mounting cavity to form a flat upper contact surface. An upper sliding groove is formed in the mounting cavity and at the top of the upper contact surface, distributed along the extension direction of the protective groove. The upper end of the connecting plate forms an L-shaped upper hook edge structure that slides with the upper sliding groove.

[0012] As a further improvement, the elastic support is detachably disposed on the upper end of the support piece, including a fitting section that fits and connects with the support piece, a guide support section that extends upwardly towards the mounting cavity along the upper end of the fitting section, and a limiting section that extends downwardly along the top of the guide support section. In the non-pressurized state, the distance between the top of the elastic support and the top surface of the protective groove is less than the height of the fold.

[0013] As a further improvement, the support plate has several vertically extending waist-shaped adjustment holes extending through it along its length direction, and the fitting section has positioning holes that cooperate with the adjustment holes. The fitting section is detachably locked to the support plate by locking bolts and its vertical position along the height direction can be adjusted by the waist-shaped adjustment holes.

[0014] As a further improvement, the elastic support is integrally formed on the upper end of the support piece, including a guide support section extending upwards at the upper end of the support piece toward the mounting cavity and a limiting section extending downwards along the top of the guide support section. In the non-compression state, the distance between the top of the elastic support and the top surface of the protective groove is less than the height of the fold.

[0015] As a further improvement, the contact structure is in the shape of a long sheet and is attached to the inner wall below the bottom of the protective groove along the sliding direction of the folds. The contact structure protrudes integrally towards the inner side of the protective shell along its length to form a number of protrusions. The number of protrusions and the surface of the contact structure are smoothly and continuously transitioned. The contact structure is located on the side of the protective groove away from the workbench surface.

[0016] As a further improvement, the spacing between adjacent protrusions gradually decreases in the direction away from the worktable surface.

[0017] As a further improvement, the bottom of the connecting plate is provided with a contact portion extending toward the protrusion, the contact portion movably contacts the protrusion and its top forms a stepped transition structure, and the movable end of the elastic support is provided in the groove formed between the stepped transition structure and the folded portion.

[0018] As a further improvement, the folded portion is a variable pitch structure, with the fold pitch on the side closer to the worktable being greater than that on the other side.

[0019] Therefore, the present invention provides the following effects and / or advantages: The bellows-style telescopic protective structure commonly used in existing machine tool worktables is mostly a one-piece, continuous design spanning the width of the worktable. This makes the structure highly susceptible to various working conditions such as installation form and position tolerances, guide rail parallelism deviations, and workpiece eccentric loading during machining. This results in asynchronous expansion and contraction on both sides of the width and uneven stress distribution. Under the continuous action of long-term alternating uneven stress, the bellows cover is prone to wrinkling and twisting, unilateral wear, and even substrate tearing, directly leading to sealing failure of the protective structure. Machining contaminants can enter the internal moving parts through the damaged areas, causing equipment malfunctions. In response, this invention abandons the traditional one-piece, continuous structure and sets up four independent telescopic components, which are distributed in the protective grooves on both sides of the worktable. Each telescopic component can independently follow the worktable to complete the expansion and contraction movement, bearing only the axial expansion and contraction load within a single protective groove. This completely eliminates the problems of eccentric stress and asynchronous expansion and contraction in the width direction, fundamentally avoiding wrinkling and twisting, unilateral wear, and substrate tearing, and ensuring the long-term sealing integrity of the protective structure.

[0020] In existing protective solutions, the bellows cover body directly contacts and engages with the guide rail surface. During the telescopic process, the supporting force, frictional force, and lateral load all act directly on the bellows cover body, which easily causes bellows cover deformation and guide deviation. This further amplifies the aforementioned problems of asynchronous telescopic movement and uneven force distribution, significantly reducing the operational stability and service life of the protective structure. To address this, the present invention provides several connecting plates at intervals along the telescopic direction at the bent edges of the pleated part of the telescopic component. The upper and lower sides of the connecting plates are slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the protective groove, allowing the pleated part to be completely embedded in the protective groove. All supporting forces, frictional forces, and lateral loads during the telescopic process are transferred to the connecting plates, enabling the pleated part to only bear the core function of telescopic sealing, avoiding the bearing of additional loads. This achieves functional decoupling between the load-bearing structure and the protective body, fundamentally solving the problem of deformation and deviation of the protective body caused by force, and significantly improving the operational stability and service life of the protective structure.

[0021] During machine tool processing, metal debris mixed with cutting fluid easily adheres to the exposed outer surface of the bellows cover. As the bellows cover folds with the worktable, the attached debris is squeezed and embedded into the bellows cover substrate as the pleated panels fold, causing scratches on the surface protective coating and damage to the base fabric fibers. This not only significantly shortens the service life of the bellows cover but also continuously weakens the sealing and isolation effect of the protective structure, further increasing the risk of protective failure. To address this, the present invention uses protective grooves on both sides of the protective housing to completely house the pleated part of the entire telescopic assembly inside the protective grooves, directly isolating contaminants from the processing area from the surface of the pleated part. Direct contact with the surface significantly reduces the possibility of debris adhesion from the source. At the same time, protruding contact structures that cooperate with the bottom of the connecting plate are set on the inner side of the protective shell and the bottom sides of the protective groove. As the connecting plate slides with the worktable, the protrusions on the contact structures continuously push the bottom of the connecting plate, causing the connecting plate and the folded part to move back and forth in the horizontal direction to generate vibration. This actively shakes off the small amount of debris attached to the bent edges of the folded part and the gaps in the connecting plate, preventing the debris from being squeezed and embedded in the substrate when the folds are closed. This also prevents the debris from scratching the protective substrate and damaging the fibers, and greatly extends the service life of the telescopic component.

[0022] During the chip removal process of the telescopic assembly through vibration, problems such as increased protective gaps and decreased sealing performance can easily occur. Furthermore, traditional rigid support structures cannot accommodate assembly errors caused by installation form and position tolerances and guide rail parallelism deviations, easily leading to unilateral stress and increased uneven wear. To address this, the present invention incorporates an elastic support component at the bottom of the protective groove. This component elastically abuts against the bottom of the telescopic assembly, ensuring the top of the pleats remains in constant contact with the top of the protective groove throughout its movement. This dynamically compensates for gap changes during telescopic expansion and vibration, guaranteeing the sealing performance of the protective groove and preventing contaminant intrusion. Additionally, its elastic deformation adapts to the vertical vibration displacement of the connecting plate, ensuring smooth chip removal without compromising the sealing effect. It also provides uniform upward support to the pleats throughout its entire stroke, absorbing deviations caused by assembly and operating conditions, avoiding unilateral stress due to rigid contact, and further reducing the risk of uneven wear.

[0023] To improve the effectiveness of vibration-based chip removal and to accommodate the characteristic that the folds become increasingly compacted towards the fixed side during the folding process, making it easier for debris to be squeezed and embedded, this invention sets the spacing between adjacent protrusions on the contact structure to gradually decrease in the direction away from the worktable. This allows for higher-frequency vibration-based chip removal in the core folding area of ​​the folds, specifically addressing the core pain point of debris squeezing and embedding during the folding process. Simultaneously, the folds in this invention employ a variable pitch structure, ensuring that the fold pitch on the side closest to the worktable is greater than on the other side. This accommodates a larger extension and retraction stroke on the sliding side, avoiding squeezing interference during folding and resulting in a more uniform force distribution during extension and retraction, further improving the synchronization and stability of the extension and retraction movements.

[0024] To further prevent lateral deviation and derailment of the telescopic assembly during sliding, this invention features an L-shaped hook edge structure at the upper end of the connecting plate. This structure forms a stable sliding fit with the upper sliding groove within the protective groove. Combined with the elastic support at the bottom of the protective groove, this creates a full-stroke upper and lower double-guide limiting system, ensuring that the telescopic assembly remains under stable limiting constraints throughout its sliding motion and preventing lateral offset. Simultaneously, the entire protective housing completely covers the linear transmission mechanism on the base. Combined with the fully sealed protection of the telescopic assembly, this system can stably prevent contaminants such as metal shavings and cutting fluid from intruding into the core moving parts of the worktable's guide rails and transmission mechanism. This avoids problems such as jamming, crawling, abnormal wear, and even sudden failure of the moving parts, ensuring the smoothness of the worktable's feed motion. This meets the requirements of long-cycle, high-stability operation of CNC machine tools and significantly extends the overall service life of the machine tool.

[0025] In summary, this invention eliminates the problems of uneven load distribution and asynchronous telescopic movement through a split telescopic structure, and decouples the load-bearing and protective functions with the connecting plate to avoid tearing and deformation of the protective structure. Relying on the linkage between the vibration chip removal structure and the elastic support, it takes into account both active chip removal and dynamic sealing, greatly improving the reliability of protection, preventing contaminants from entering the machine tool, and ensuring the feed accuracy of the worktable.

[0026] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained through the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0027] It should be understood that the above summary and the following detailed description of the invention are exemplary and explanatory, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic side view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the telescopic component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a partial exploded structural diagram highlighting the protective groove and telescopic component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is one of the partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams highlighting the protective groove and the telescopic component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a second partial cross-sectional view of the protective groove and the telescopic component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the contact structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 This is a top view of the contact structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the telescopic component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 12 This is a top view of the telescopic component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] In the picture: 100. Base; 110. Transmission mechanism; 111. Moving seat; 200. Worktable; 210. Connecting arm; 220. Connecting seat; 230. Fitting groove; 300. Shielding and protective mechanism; 400. Protective shell; 410. Side plate; 420. Support plate; 421. Adjustment hole; 422. Locking bolt; 430. Guide structure; 431. Guide panel; 432. Side baffle; 433. Top adhesive 434. Stop edge; 435. Upper sliding groove; 440. Protective groove; 450. Mounting cavity; 500. Telescopic component; 510. Folded part; 520. Connecting plate; 521. Connecting section; 522. Upper hook edge structure; 523. Contact part; 600. Elastic support; 610. Fitting section; 620. Guide support section; 630. Limiting section; 700. Contact structure; 710. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the structure of the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0042] Example 1 refer to Figure 1-10 A machine tool workbench device includes a base 100 as an overall support foundation, a workbench surface 200 for processing corresponding parts, and a shielding and protective mechanism 300. In this embodiment, the shielding and protective mechanism 300 includes a protective shell 400 in the shape of a cuboid and four sets of telescopic components 500.

[0043] The base 100 is equipped with a linear transmission mechanism 110, such as a lead screw transmission mechanism 110, along its length. Through external power input (servo motor, etc.), the moving seat 111 on the lead screw is driven to move axially. The protective shell 400 is hollow and is installed on the upper end of the base 100 in a direction parallel to the base 100 to completely cover the entire transmission mechanism 110 and provide initial protection.

[0044] Specifically, the protective housing 400 includes side plates 410 located at both ends along its length, two support plates 420 connecting the bottom sides of the two side plates 410, and a guide structure 430 sealed on the top of the two side plates 410. The guide structure 430 consists of two guide panels 431 arranged in an inverted V shape and a side baffle 432 extending integrally downward along the outer edge of the guide panels 431. The side baffle 432, the support plate 420 on the same side, and the side plates 410 on both sides form a protective groove 440, and an installation cavity 450 is formed on the inner side of the protective housing 400. In this embodiment, the top shape of the side plate 410 is adapted to the two guide panels 431, and the side baffle 432 extends downward along the top of the side edge of the side plate 410.

[0045] To achieve the transmission connection between the worktable 200 and the lead screw drive mechanism 110, the extension length of the protective groove 440 extends to nearly the two side boundaries of the protective housing 400 to maximize its stroke. In response, connecting arms 210 extend symmetrically downwards from both sides of the bottom of the worktable 200, forming a single unit. The distance between the two connecting arms 210 is adapted to the width of the protective housing 400 to allow for a movable fit between the connecting arms 210 and the side walls of the protective housing 400. The lower ends of the connecting arms 210 extend to completely cover the protective groove 440, and a horizontally extending connecting arm connects to the opening of the protective groove 440. The connecting seat 220 integrally connects the connecting arms 210 on both sides. At this time, the connecting seat 220 passes through the openings of the protective grooves 440 on both sides. The part of it located inside the protective housing 400 can be directly connected and fixed to the moving seat 111 of the lead screw transmission mechanism 110, thereby realizing the transmission connection between it and the lead screw transmission mechanism 110 to realize the basic movement function of the machine tool. At the same time, a corresponding slide rail slider assembly can be further added inside the protective housing 400. By connecting the bottom of the connecting seat 220 with the slide rail slider assembly, a further guiding purpose can be achieved, enhancing the smoothness of its driving process.

[0046] Furthermore, the lower end face of the worktable 200, located between the two connecting arms 210, forms an inverted V-shaped fitting groove 230 that conforms to the shape of the two guide panels 431, thereby achieving a stable clearance sliding fit with the guide structure 430.

[0047] In this embodiment, there are four sets of telescopic components 500, and two of them are arranged in two protective grooves 440 on both sides. The two telescopic components 500 in the same protective groove 440 are arranged on both sides of the workbench surface 200 to cover the protective groove 440 outside the coverage range of the connecting arm 210.

[0048] In the prior art's protection scheme, the bellows cover body is directly in contact and cooperation with the guide rail surface. The supporting force, frictional force and lateral load during the telescopic process all directly act on the bellows cover body, which is likely to cause deformation of the bellows cover and deviation of the guide, and further amplify the problems of asynchronous telescoping and uneven force mentioned above, greatly reducing the running stability and service life of the protection structure. For this reason, the single telescopic component 500 in this embodiment includes a folding part 510 and a number of connecting plates 520. The folding part 510 is a commercially available common bellows-type folding baffle structure with a number of continuous bent folds. The number of connecting plates 520 are arranged at intervals along the telescopic direction of the folding part 510, and are respectively fixed at the bent edges with the same opening direction of the folding part 510 (that is, one connecting plate 520 is arranged at an interval of one bending position). The two side edges along the telescopic direction of the folding part 510 are two connecting plates 520 as the connection basis for the boundary. One of the connecting plates 520 is used as the fixed side and is connected and fixed to the side of the protective groove 440 away from the workbench surface 200. The other connecting plate 520 is used as the movable sliding side, and the sliding side is fixedly connected to the connecting arm 210 at the bottom of the workbench surface 200, so as to be able to slide and fold along the extension direction of the protective groove 440 following the movement of the workbench surface 200. The upper and lower sides of the connecting plate 520 are slidably connected to the upper and lower sides inside the protective groove 440 so that the folding part 510 is embedded in the protective groove 440.

[0049] In this embodiment, two fitting plates integrally in a "C" shape are provided on both sides of the bottom of the workbench surface 200. The shape of the fitting plate is adapted to the side wall of the workbench surface 200, and also has an inverted V shape that fits the guiding structure 430. It is integrally sleeved on both sides and the top of the protective housing base, and is simultaneously connected and fixed to the side wall of the workbench surface 200. The sliding side of the folding part 510 is connected and fixed to one side wall of the fitting plate, so as to realize the stable and convenient connection between the telescopic component 500 and the workbench surface 200.

[0050] Specifically, to achieve stable sliding and tight fit of the pleated portion 510 and connecting plate 520 within the protective groove 440, the side baffle 432 is integrally bent horizontally towards the mounting cavity 450 to form a horizontal and flat upper contact surface 433. The upper contact surface 433 is integrally bent upward on one side of the mounting cavity 450 to form a stop edge 434. The stop edge 434, the upper contact surface 433, and the side baffle 432 together form an upper sliding groove 435 extending along the extension direction of the protective groove 440. The upper end of each connecting plate 520 integrally extends upward to form a connecting section 521. On the side of the connecting section 521 away from the middle of the mounting cavity 450, an L-shaped upper hook structure 522 is integrally formed to slide with the upper sliding groove 435, thereby forming a stable sliding fit with the upper sliding groove 435 within the protective groove 440.

[0051] The L-shaped hook edge structure 522, combined with the elastic support at the bottom of the protective groove 440, forms a double upper and lower guide limit system throughout the entire stroke, ensuring that the sliding of the telescopic component 500 is under stable limit constraint throughout the entire stroke, and preventing lateral displacement.

[0052] During the process of cleaning debris through vibration, the protective gap of the telescopic component 500 can easily become larger and the sealing performance can be reduced. At the same time, the traditional rigid support structure cannot adapt to the assembly errors caused by the installation form and position tolerance and the parallelism deviation of the guide rail, which can easily lead to unilateral stress and increased wear. To address this, the bottom of the protective groove 440 is provided with an elastic support 600, which is used to elastically abut against the bottom of the telescopic component 500 so that its top can be movably fitted with the top of the protective groove 440.

[0053] In this embodiment, the elastic support 600 is detachably disposed on the upper end of the support piece 420. It is sheet-shaped and extends along the same straight line. Its cross-section includes a fitting section 610 that is in close contact with the support piece 420, a guide support section 620 that extends upward at the upper end of the fitting section 610 toward the mounting cavity 450, and a limiting section 630 that extends downward at the top end of the guide support section 620. In the non-pressurized state, the distance between the top end of the elastic support 600 and the top surface of the protective groove 440 is less than the height of the folded portion 510.

[0054] Furthermore, the inner side of the protective housing 400 and both sides of the bottom of the protective groove 440 are provided with protruding contact structures 700 that cooperate with the bottom of the connecting plate 520. The contact structures 700 are used to push the bottom of the connecting plate 520 during the sliding process to drive the connecting plate 520 to move back and forth, thereby generating vibration.

[0055] In this embodiment, the contact structure 700 is generally long and flat and is attached to the inner wall below the bottom of the protective groove 440 along the sliding direction of the pleats 510. The contact structure 700 protrudes integrally toward the inner side of the protective housing 400 along its length to form a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions 710. The plurality of protrusions 710 and the surface of the contact structure 700 form a smooth and continuous arc-shaped transition. The contact structure 700 is located on the side of the protective groove 440 away from the workbench surface 200.

[0056] During machine tool processing, metal debris mixed with cutting fluid easily adheres to the exposed outer surface of the bellows cover. As the bellows cover folds with the worktable, the attached debris is squeezed and embedded into the bellows cover substrate as the pleated panels fold, causing scratches on the surface protective coating and damage to the base fabric fibers. This not only significantly shortens the service life of the bellows cover but also continuously weakens the sealing and isolation effect of the protective structure, further exacerbating the risk of protective failure. To address this, the present invention uses protective grooves 440 on both sides of the protective housing 400 to completely house the pleated portion 510 of the entire telescopic assembly 500 inside the protective grooves 440, directly isolating contaminants in the processing area from direct contact with the outer surface of the pleated portion 510, thus significantly reducing the risk of failure at the source. This reduces the possibility of debris adhesion. At the same time, protruding contact structures 700 that cooperate with the bottom of the connecting plate 520 are set on the inner side of the protective housing 400 and on both sides of the bottom of the protective groove 440. As the connecting plate 520 slides with the worktable, the protrusions 710 on the contact structures 700 continuously push the bottom of the connecting plate 520, causing the connecting plate 520 and the pleated part 510 to reciprocate and swing in the horizontal direction, thereby generating vibration. This actively shakes off the small amount of debris attached to the bent edges of the pleated part 510 and the gaps in the connecting plate 520, preventing the debris from being squeezed and embedded in the substrate when the pleats are closed, avoiding scratches and fiber damage to the protective substrate, and greatly extending the service life of the telescopic component 500.

[0057] The present invention provides an elastic support member 600 at the bottom of the protective groove 440, which can always elastically abut against the bottom of the telescopic component 500, so that the top of the pleated part 510 and the top of the protective groove 440 remain in constant contact throughout the entire process. On the one hand, it can dynamically compensate for the gap changes during the telescopic and vibration process, ensuring the sealing performance of the protective groove 440 throughout the process and preventing contaminants from entering. On the other hand, it can adapt to the vertical vibration displacement of the connecting plate 520 through its own elastic deformation, which not only ensures the smooth realization of the vibration cleaning action, but also prevents the sealing effect from being damaged by vibration. At the same time, it can also provide a uniform upward support force for the pleated part 510 throughout the entire stroke, absorb the deviation caused by assembly and working conditions, avoid unilateral force caused by rigid contact, and further reduce the risk of uneven wear.

[0058] Due to limitations in machining accuracy and installation deviations, the elastic support 600 may not be parallel to the upper sliding groove 435. To address this, the support plate 420 has several vertically extending waist-shaped adjustment holes 421 extending through its length. The fitting section 610 has positioning holes (not shown in the figure) that mate with the adjustment holes 421. The fitting section 610 is detachably locked to the support plate 420 by locking bolts 422, and its vertical position can be adjusted through the waist-shaped adjustment holes 421. Thus, the waist-shaped adjustment holes 421 allow for vertical adjustment of both sides of the fitting section 610, enabling it to accommodate machining errors within a certain range and always maintain a state parallel to the upper sliding groove 435.

[0059] To improve the effect of vibration cleaning, and to take into account the characteristics of the folded part 510 becoming more tightly overlapped towards the fixed side during the folding process, making it easier for debris to be squeezed and embedded, this invention sets the spacing between adjacent protrusions 710 on the contact structure 700 to gradually decrease in the direction away from the worktable surface 200. This enables higher frequency vibration cleaning in the core folding area of ​​the folded part, specifically solving the core pain point of debris squeezing and embedding during the folding process.

[0060] As a further improvement, the bottom of the connecting plate 520 is provided with a contact portion 523 extending toward the protrusion 710. The contact portion 523 movably contacts the protrusion 710 and its top forms a stepped transition structure. The movable end of the elastic support member 600 is located in the groove formed between the stepped transition structure and the pleated portion 510.

[0061] Therefore, the present invention provides the following effects and / or advantages: The bellows-type telescopic protective structure commonly used in existing machine tool worktables is mostly a one-piece, continuous design spanning the width of the worktable. This makes the structure highly susceptible to various working conditions such as installation form and position tolerances, guide rail parallelism deviations, and workpiece eccentric loading during machining during the reciprocating extension and retraction of the worktable. This results in problems such as asynchronous extension and retraction on both sides of the width and uneven stress distribution. Under the continuous action of long-term alternating uneven stress, the bellows cover is prone to wrinkling and twisting, unilateral wear, or even tearing of the base material, directly leading to the failure of the protective structure's seal. Machining contaminants can then penetrate through the damaged area. Damage to internal moving parts can cause equipment failure. To address this, this invention abandons the traditional one-piece continuous structure and instead features four independent telescopic components 500. These components are positioned within the protective grooves 440 on both sides of the worktable. Each telescopic component 500 can independently follow the worktable to complete its telescopic movement, bearing only the axial telescopic load within a single protective groove 440. This completely eliminates the problem of uneven stress in the width direction and asynchronous telescopic movement, fundamentally preventing wrinkles, twisting, one-sided wear, and substrate tearing, thus ensuring the long-term sealing integrity of the protective structure.

[0062] In this invention, several connecting plates 520 are spaced apart along the telescopic direction at the bent edges of the pleated portion 510 of the telescopic component 500. The upper and lower sides of the connecting plates 520 are slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the protective groove 440, allowing the pleated portion 510 to be completely embedded in the protective groove 440. During the telescopic process, all supporting forces, frictional forces, and lateral loads are transferred to the connecting plates 520, so that the pleated portion 510 only undertakes the core function of telescopic sealing, avoiding bearing additional loads. This achieves functional decoupling between the load-bearing structure and the protective body, fundamentally solving the problem of deformation and deviation of the protective body caused by force, and greatly improving the operational stability and service life of the protective structure.

[0063] Meanwhile, the entire protective housing 400 completely covers the linear transmission mechanism 110 on the base 100. Combined with the fully sealed protection of the telescopic component 500, it can stably prevent metal chips, cutting fluid and other contaminants from entering the core moving parts of the worktable guide rails and transmission mechanism 110 for a long time. This avoids problems such as jamming, crawling, abnormal wear and even sudden failure of the moving parts, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the worktable feed motion, thereby improving the machining accuracy and batch consistency of the workpiece. It fully meets the usage requirements of long cycle and high stability operation of CNC machine tools and greatly extends the service life of the entire machine tool.

[0064] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, referring to... Figure 11-12 In this embodiment, the pleated part 510 adopts a variable pitch structure, which makes the pleat pitch on the side closer to the worktable greater than that on the other side, adapting to the larger extension stroke of the sliding side, avoiding squeezing interference when the pleats are folded, making the force distribution more uniform during the extension process, and further improving the synchronization and stability of the extension action.

[0065] In this embodiment, three different pitches are set as follows: the first pitch group L1 with the smallest pitch and closest to the connecting arm 210, the second pitch group L2 with the middle pitch and central position, and the third pitch group L3 with the largest pitch and farthest position from the connecting arm 210.

[0066] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the elastic support 600 is integrally formed on the upper end of the support plate 420, including a guide support section 620 that extends upward at an incline toward the mounting cavity 450 along the upper end of the support plate 420 and a limiting section 630 that extends downward along the top of the guide support section 620. In the non-pressurized state, the distance between the top of the elastic support 600 and the top surface of the protective groove 440 is less than the height of the folded portion 510.

[0067] The one-piece molded support piece 420 can save on corresponding assembly processes, making it suitable for scenarios with relatively high processing precision, and reducing errors caused by manual assembly.

[0068] It should be noted that this embodiment is implemented in the same way as embodiment one in terms of principle and technical effect. For the sake of brevity, any parts not mentioned in this embodiment can be referred to the corresponding content in embodiment one.

[0069] It should be noted that any reference signs placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The invention can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0070] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0071] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms should not be construed as necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A machine tool worktable device, comprising a base (100), a worktable surface (200), and a shielding and protective mechanism (300), wherein the shielding and protective mechanism (300) comprises a protective housing (400) and a telescopic component (500), a linear transmission mechanism (110) is provided on the base (100), the protective housing (400) is disposed on the base (100) and completely covers the transmission mechanism (110), protective grooves (440) extending along their length are formed on both sides of the protective housing (400), and the bottom sides of the worktable surface (200) pass through the corresponding protective grooves (440) and are connected to the transmission mechanism (110) in a transmission connection, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (500) is provided in four sets, including a plurality of pleated parts (510) with a plurality of continuous bending accordion-like structures and a plurality of connecting plates (520). The plurality of connecting plates (520) are spaced apart along the telescopic direction of the pleated parts (510) and are respectively fixed at the bending edges of the pleated parts (510) with the same opening direction. The fixed side of the pleated part (510) is located on the side of the protective groove (440) away from the workbench (200), and its sliding side is fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench (200) to slide and fold along the extension direction of the protective groove (440) as the workbench (200) moves. The upper and lower sides of the connecting plates (520) are slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner side of the protective groove (440) so that the pleated part (510) is embedded in the protective groove (440). The bottom of the protective groove (440) is provided with an elastic support (600) for elastically abutting against the bottom of the telescopic component (500) so that its top is movably fitted with the top of the protective groove (440); The protective housing (400) is provided with protruding contact structures (700) on both sides of the bottom of the protective groove (440) and the protective housing (400). The contact structures (700) are used to push the bottom of the connecting plate (520) during the sliding process to drive the connecting plate (520) to move back and forth, thereby generating vibration.

2. The machine tool worktable device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective housing (400) includes side plates (410) located at both ends in the length direction, two support plates (420) connecting the bottom sides of the two side plates (410), and a guide structure (430) sealed on the top of the two side plates (410). The guide structure (430) is composed of two guide panels (431) distributed in an inverted V shape and a side baffle (432) extending integrally downward along the outer edge of the guide panel (431). The side baffle (432), the support plate (420) on the same side, and the side plates (410) on both sides form the protective groove (440). The inner side of the protective housing (400) forms an installation cavity (450).

3. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side baffle (432) is integrally bent toward the mounting cavity (450) to form a flat upper contact surface (433). An upper sliding groove (435) is formed in the mounting cavity (450) and located at the top of the upper contact surface (433), which is distributed along the extension direction of the protective groove (440). The upper end of the connecting plate (520) forms an L-shaped upper hook edge structure (522) that slides with the upper sliding groove (435).

4. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support member (600) is detachably disposed on the upper end of the support piece (420), including a fitting section (610) that is fitted and connected to the support piece (420), a guide support section (620) that extends upwardly towards the mounting cavity (450) along the upper end of the fitting section (610), and a limiting section (630) that extends downward along the top end of the guide support section (620). In the non-pressurized state, the distance between the top end of the elastic support member (600) and the top surface of the protective groove (440) is less than the height of the fold (510).

5. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support plate (420) has several vertically extending waist-shaped adjustment holes (421) through it along its length. The fitting section (610) has a positioning hole through it that matches the adjustment holes (421). The fitting section (610) is detachably locked to the support plate (420) by a locking bolt (422) and its vertical position along the height direction can be adjusted by the waist-shaped adjustment holes (421).

6. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support member (600) is integrally formed on the upper end of the support piece (420), including a guide support section (620) extending upwardly towards the mounting cavity (450) along the upper end of the support piece (420) and a limiting section (630) extending downwardly along the top of the guide support section (620). In the non-pressurized state, the distance between the top of the elastic support member (600) and the top surface of the protective groove (440) is less than the height of the fold (510).

7. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact structure (700) is generally long and flat, and is attached to the inner wall below the bottom of the protective groove (440) along the sliding direction of the pleats (510). The contact structure (700) protrudes integrally toward the inner side of the protective housing (400) along its length to form a plurality of protrusions (710). The plurality of protrusions (710) and the surface of the contact structure (700) are smoothly and continuously transitioned. The contact structure (700) is located on the side of the protective groove (440) away from the workbench (200).

8. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent protrusions (710) gradually decreases in the direction away from the worktable surface (200).

9. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting plate (520) is provided with a contact portion (523) extending toward the protrusion (710). The contact portion (523) movably contacts the protrusion (710) and its top forms a stepped transition structure. The movable end of the elastic support member (600) is located in the slot formed between the stepped transition structure and the pleated portion (510).

10. A machine tool worktable device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pleated portion (510) is a variable pitch structure, with the pleated pitch on the side closest to the worktable being greater than that on the other side.

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