Inner diameter polishing device for ring-shaped sun gear production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of grinding equipment technology, specifically to an inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears. The device includes a rotary grinding table, an adaptive precision limiting assembly, and a multi-segment grinding device. The rotary grinding table has a rotating station at its rotating end. Multiple adaptive precision limiting assemblies are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table. Each adaptive precision limiting assembly includes a quick-release mounting base plate and stacking limiting devices. The quick-release mounting base plate is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. Multiple stacking limiting devices are coaxially stacked and fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate. These stacking limiting devices are used to adapt to and limit annular sun gears of different sizes. The multi-segment grinding device is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. The drive end of the multi-segment grinding device has multiple grinding shafts, which are suitable for grinding holes of different inner diameters. This invention can effectively improve production efficiency and production quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polishing equipment technology, specifically to an inner diameter polishing device for the production of annular sun gears. Background Technology

[0002] As the core transmission component of the planetary gear mechanism, the inner diameter accuracy and surface finish of the annular sun gear directly determine the gear meshing accuracy and transmission stability. Therefore, inner diameter grinding is a key process in the machining of the sun gear.

[0003] Chinese Patent No. CN120382393B discloses a gear inner ring grinding device, including a machine base, a turntable mechanism on the machine base, a linear slide mechanism on one side of the turntable mechanism, the linear slide mechanism being fixedly mounted on the machine base, a movable seat mounted on the linear slide mechanism, and a grinding rod rotatably mounted on the movable seat. The turntable mechanism includes a drive column rotatably mounted on the machine base, a disc body fixedly mounted on the drive column, and a feeding groove for placing workpieces at equal angles on the disc body. A bracket for supporting workpieces is provided at the bottom of the feeding groove. The rotating disc body allows workpieces to pass sequentially between the loading point and below the grinding rod, enabling the operator to simultaneously remove the ground workpiece and place the workpiece to be ground into the feeding groove during the grinding process, saving workpiece handling time and improving grinding efficiency.

[0004] However, the existing equipment still has significant technical defects in practical applications: First, the limiting block in the feeding trough is a fixed structure, which can only be adapted to annular sun gears with a single outer diameter, and cannot be compatible with the circumferential limiting requirements of workpieces of different specifications; Second, the grinding rod is designed with a fixed diameter, which can only grind the inner diameter of sun gears with a single hole size, and is difficult to adapt to the processing requirements of different inner diameter specifications.

[0005] In actual production, enterprises need to process annular sun gears of various specifications. When changing the workpiece size, it is necessary to manually disassemble the original limit block and grinding rod that are only compatible with the single specification, and then replace them with limit blocks and grinding rods that match the new specifications. This replacement process is cumbersome and time-consuming, requiring not only a large amount of manpower but also frequent machine stops for adjustments, which seriously disrupts production continuity and significantly reduces production efficiency. At the same time, frequent disassembly and assembly can easily lead to component positioning deviations and accelerated wear, further affecting the workpiece grinding accuracy and equipment lifespan, making it difficult to meet the needs of mass production of annular sun gears with multiple specifications, high efficiency, and high precision. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, an inner diameter grinding device for the production of annular sun gears is provided. Through adaptive precision limiting components and a multi-segment grinding device, production efficiency and quality can be effectively improved.

[0007] To address the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides an inner diameter grinding device for the production of annular sun gears, comprising a rotary grinding table, an adaptive precision limiting assembly, and a multi-segment grinding device. The rotary grinding table has a rotating station at its rotating end. Multiple adaptive precision limiting assemblies are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table. Each adaptive precision limiting assembly includes a quick-release mounting base plate and stacking limiting devices. The quick-release mounting base plate is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. Multiple stacking limiting devices are coaxially stacked and fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate. These stacking limiting devices are used to adapt to and limit annular sun gears of different sizes. The multi-segment grinding device is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. The drive end of the multi-segment grinding device has multiple grinding shafts, which are suitable for grinding holes of different inner diameters.

[0008] Preferably, the stacking limiter has a limit gear groove at the axial center, multiple mating grooves at the top, multiple mating protrusions at the bottom, and multiple mounting holes for fixing with a quick-release mounting base plate.

[0009] Preferably, the quick-release mounting base plate has an insertion opening at its axial position, and multiple insertion snap-fit ​​posts are also installed on the quick-release mounting base plate for fixing the stacking limiter.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the interlocking snap-fit ​​post is provided with multiple sliding openings, and a movable snap-fit ​​block slides in each sliding opening. The bottom of the movable snap-fit ​​block is provided with a guide bevel. A first spring is provided between the movable snap-fit ​​block and the interlocking snap-fit ​​post. An unlocking push rod is slidably installed at the axial position of the interlocking snap-fit ​​post. An unlocking push block is installed on the unlocking push rod. The top of the unlocking push block is provided with a guide bevel, and the guide bevel matches the guide bevel.

[0011] Preferably, the adaptive precision limiting component includes a synchronous unlocking device for moving the push-to-unlock push rod. The synchronous unlocking device includes a first linear driver and a push-to-unlock bracket. The first linear driver is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. The push-to-unlock bracket is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first linear driver.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-segment grinding device includes a moving device, a rotary driver, a limiting pressing device, and a rotation stabilizing device; the moving device is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table; the rotary driver is fixedly installed on the moving end of the moving device, and the output end of the rotary driver is detachably connected to the multi-segment grinding shaft; the limiting pressing device is fixedly installed on the movable end of the moving device; the rotation stabilizing device is located directly below the multi-segment grinding shaft, and the rotation stabilizing device is used to engage the multi-segment grinding shaft.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting pressing device includes an elastic pressing frame, a pressing sleeve, and an annular nozzle; the elastic pressing frame is fixedly installed on the moving device; the pressing sleeve is fixedly installed on the movable end of the elastic pressing frame, and the pressing sleeve is fitted on the outside of the multi-segment grinding shaft; the annular nozzle is installed on the outside of the pressing sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, multiple grinding blocks are installed on the outer side of the multi-segment grinding shaft, a detachable locking connecting sleeve is installed on the top of the multi-segment grinding shaft, the top of the locking connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary driver, and a docking block is provided at the bottom of the multi-segment grinding shaft, with a tapered docking groove on the docking block.

[0015] Preferably, the rotational stabilizing device includes a mounting bracket, a sliding mounting sleeve, a telescopic shaft, a tapered joint, a second spring, and a second linear actuator. The mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table. The sliding mounting sleeve is slidably mounted on the mounting bracket and is coaxially arranged with the multi-segment grinding shaft. The telescopic shaft is slidably mounted inside the sliding mounting sleeve. The tapered joint is rotatably mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic shaft and matches a tapered mating groove. The second spring is installed between the sliding mounting sleeve and the telescopic shaft. The second linear actuator is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket, and the output end of the second linear actuator is connected to the sliding mounting sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear further includes a gear detection device mounted on a rotary grinding table. The gear detection device is equipped with a vision detector, which is used to detect the placement position of the annular sun gear in the stacking limit fixture.

[0017] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. This invention employs a stacked limiting structure and a multi-segment grinding shaft assembly design, overcoming the limitations of traditional grinding equipment that only offers single-specification limiting and single-size grinding. By coaxially stacking multiple sets of limiting fixtures of different specifications, the limiting structure can be quickly matched according to the different outer diameters of the annular sun gear, precisely constraining the circumferential degrees of freedom of the workpiece. Simultaneously, the multi-segment grinding shaft, relying on its segmented structure, can directly adapt to the grinding needs of workpieces with different inner diameters. Compared to the cumbersome changeover process of traditional equipment requiring manual disassembly and replacement of limiting components and grinding rods, this invention eliminates the need for frequent machine downtime and disassembly. Workpiece specification changes can be completed simply by adjusting the combination of the stacked limiting fixtures, greatly reducing equipment changeover time and avoiding the redundancy issues caused by manual disassembly. Meanwhile, with the multi-station rotation switching function of the rotary grinding table, the workpiece loading, grinding and unloading cycle can be completed continuously, effectively avoiding the problem of production interruption during changeover operations, significantly improving the continuity and overall processing efficiency of mixed-line batch production of multi-specification annular sun gears, and adapting to the diversified production and processing needs of enterprises.

[0018] 2. Traditional equipment involves frequent disassembly and reassembly of positioning and core components, which easily leads to misalignment of component assembly and increased wear on contact surfaces. This results in substandard coaxiality and surface finish of the workpiece, leading to high equipment failure and wear rates. This invention utilizes a quick-release mounting base plate to achieve overall locking and positioning of the stacking positioning fixture. The assembly structure is stable and reliable, eliminating the need for frequent disassembly and reassembly of core components, thus fundamentally avoiding positioning errors and mechanical wear caused by repeated component disassembly and reassembly. The coaxial stacking design of the stacking positioning fixture ensures the coaxiality accuracy of workpieces of different specifications after positioning, effectively suppressing circumferential offset and wobbling during workpiece grinding. The segmented grinding structure, with multiple grinding shafts integrated into one piece, ensures the coaxiality and operational stability of each grinding segment, resulting in uniform force during the inner diameter grinding process. This effectively improves the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the annular sun gear's inner diameter, ensuring subsequent gear meshing accuracy and transmission stability. At the same time, it reduces the wear and tear of core components during disassembly and assembly, as well as positioning failures, effectively lowering the probability of equipment failure, extending the service life of core transmission and grinding components, significantly reducing equipment maintenance costs and workpiece defect rates, and meeting the requirements of high-precision and high-stability industrial mass production. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an inner diameter grinding device for the production of an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of an inner diameter grinding apparatus for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an adaptive precision limiting component in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stacking limiting fixture in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stacking limiting fixture in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the quick-release mounting base plate in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the inserting and snapping column in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A three-dimensional planar sectional view at section AA.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the limiting pressing device in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a multi-section grinding shaft in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the multi-section grinding shaft in an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a side view of the rotation stabilizing device in an inner diameter grinding apparatus for producing an annular sun gear according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 13 yes Figure 12 A planar sectional perspective view of the BB section.

[0032] The numbers on the map are: 1. Rotary grinding table; 2. Adaptive precision limiting assembly; 21. Stacking limiting device; 211. Limiting gear groove; 212. Docking protrusion; 213. Docking groove; 214. Mounting through hole; 22. Quick-release mounting base plate; 221. Interlocking opening; 222. Interlocking snap-fit ​​post; 2221. Sliding opening; 2222. Movable locking block; 2223. Guide angle; 2224. First spring; 2225. Unlocking push rod; 2226. Unlocking push block; 2227. Guide angle groove; 23. Synchronous unlocking device; 231. First linear actuator; 232. Push bracket; 3. Multi-segment Grinding device; 31. Moving device; 32. Rotary actuator; 33. Limiting pressing device; 331. Elastic pressing frame; 332. Pressing sleeve; 333. Annular nozzle; 34. Multi-segment grinding shaft; 341. Locking connecting sleeve; 342. Grinding block; 343. Connecting block; 3431. Conical connecting groove; 35. Rotation stabilizing device; 351. Mounting bracket; 352. Sliding mounting sleeve; 353. Telescopic shaft; 354. Conical connecting joint; 355. Second spring; 356. Second linear actuator; 4. Gear detection device; 42. Vision detector; 5. Annular sun gear. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] See Figures 1 to 13As shown, an inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears includes a rotary grinding table 1, an adaptive precision limiting component 2, and a multi-segment grinding device 3. The rotary grinding table 1 has a rotating station at its rotating end. Multiple adaptive precision limiting components 2 are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table 1. Each adaptive precision limiting component 2 includes a quick-release mounting base plate 22 and stacking limiting devices 21. The quick-release mounting base plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Multiple stacking limiting devices 21 are stacked coaxially and fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate 22. The multiple stacking limiting devices 21 are used to adapt to and limit annular sun gears 5 of different sizes. The multi-segment grinding device 3 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. The driving end of the multi-segment grinding device 3 is provided with a multi-segment grinding shaft 34, which is used to grind holes of different inner diameters.

[0035] The rotary grinding table 1 has a rotating station at its rotating end, used to carry workpieces and realize station conversion. Multiple sets of adaptive precision limiting components 2 are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table 1. Each set of adaptive precision limiting components 2 includes a quick-release mounting base plate 22 and stacking limiting devices 21. The quick-release mounting base plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Multiple stacking limiting devices 21 are arranged coaxially and are fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate 22. Each stacking limiting device 21 corresponds to the outer diameter of a different specification annular sun gear 5 to achieve circumferential limiting adaptation for workpieces of various specifications. A multi-segment grinding device 3 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Its drive end has multiple grinding shafts 34, each segment of which corresponds to a different inner diameter to achieve grinding adaptation for the inner diameter holes of workpieces of various specifications.

[0036] During operation, the operator selects several stacking limiters 21 of corresponding sizes according to the outer and inner diameter specifications of the annular sun gear 5 to be processed. These limiters are stacked sequentially in ascending order of their limiting size, and then assembled onto a quick-release mounting base plate 22. The quick-release mounting base plate 22 locks and positions the multiple stacking limiters 21. Subsequently, the annular sun gear 5 is placed into the stacking limiters 21 using a robotic arm or manually. The stacking limiters 21 circumferentially limit the annular sun gear 5, constraining its circumferential rotational freedom.

[0037] The rotary grinding table 1 drives the adaptive precision limiting component 2 and the annular sun gear 5 to rotate until the rotating position reaches directly below the multi-segment grinding device 3. The grinding end of the multi-segment grinding device 3 descends axially, applying pressure to the annular sun gear 5 to limit its axial displacement, thus keeping the annular sun gear 5 axially fixed during the grinding process. The multi-segment grinding shaft 34, while rotating, performs grinding on the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5. Each segment of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 can adapt to grinding hole walls of different inner diameter sizes, completing the effective grinding of the corresponding specification inner diameter.

[0038] This working principle achieves rapid adaptation of outer diameter specifications through the multi-level combination of stacked limiting fixtures 21, and achieves flexible switching of inner diameter specifications through the segmented structure of multi-segment grinding shafts 34. It eliminates the need to disassemble and replace single-specification components, thereby significantly shortening changeover and adjustment time, ensuring production continuity, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of batch production of multi-specification annular sun gears 5.

[0039] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the stacking limiter 21 has a limit gear groove 211 at the axial center, multiple docking grooves 213 at the top, multiple docking protrusions 212 at the bottom, and multiple mounting holes 214 on the stacking limiter 21 for fixing with the quick-release mounting base plate 22.

[0040] The stacking limiting fixture 21 has a limiting gear groove 211 at its axial center, and the inner wall contour of the limiting gear groove 211 matches the tooth profile of the outer wall of the annular sun gear 5. When the annular sun gear 5 is placed into the stacking limiting fixture 21, the limiting gear groove 211 and the outer wall of the annular sun gear 5 form a toothed meshing engagement, which constrains the annular sun gear 5 circumferentially, restricts its rotational freedom around the axis, and ensures that the workpiece remains circumferentially fixed during grinding, avoiding deviation of the inner diameter grinding trajectory due to circumferential movement of the workpiece. If the annular sun gear 5 cannot be placed into the limiting gear groove 211, it indicates that there is a machining deviation in the outer teeth of the annular sun gear 5, and a second retest is performed.

[0041] The top of the stacking limiting device 21 is uniformly provided with multiple mating grooves 213, and the bottom is uniformly provided with multiple mating protrusions 212 corresponding to the positions of the mating grooves 213. When adjacent stacking limiting devices 21 are assembled, the mating protrusions 212 at the bottom of the upper stacking limiting device 21 are inserted into the mating grooves 213 at the top of the lower stacking limiting device 21, forming a concave-convex insertion fit. This mating structure provides radial positioning and circumferential anti-rotation constraint for adjacent stacking limiting devices 21, ensuring the relative positional accuracy and structural stability of multiple stacking limiting devices 21 in a coaxial stacked state, and preventing axial misalignment or circumferential loosening after stacking.

[0042] The stacking limiter 21 is provided with multiple mounting holes 214, the diameter and distribution of which correspond to the connection positions on the quick-release mounting base plate 22. The stacking limiter 21 is detachably and fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate 22 through the mounting holes 214, facilitating the replacement and maintenance of the stacking limiter 21.

[0043] See Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the quick-release mounting base plate 22 has an insertion opening 221 at the axial position, and multiple insertion snap-fit ​​posts 222 are also installed on the quick-release mounting base plate 22. The insertion snap-fit ​​posts 222 are used to fix the stacking limiter 21.

[0044] The quick-release mounting base plate 22 has an insertion opening 221 at its axial center. The inner diameter of the insertion opening 221 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. This insertion opening 221 is axially through the quick-release mounting base plate 22, providing a clearance channel for the axial movement of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The insertion opening 221 eliminates the interference of the quick-release mounting base plate 22 on the movement trajectory of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34.

[0045] Multiple through-pins 222 are evenly distributed on the quick-release mounting base plate 22. The axis of the through-pins 222 is perpendicular to the surface of the quick-release mounting base plate 22, and the distribution of each through-pin 222 corresponds one-to-one with the distribution of the mounting holes 214 on the stacking limiters 21. During assembly, after the stacking limiters 21 are stacked sequentially from bottom to top, the mounting holes 214 on each layer of the stacking limiters 21 are coaxially aligned with the through-pins 222 on the quick-release mounting base plate 22. The through-pins 222 are inserted axially into the corresponding mounting holes 214 of the stacking limiters 21, forming an interference fit or clearance fit. This fit provides radial constraint and axial locking to the stacking limiters 21, limiting the radial displacement and axial disengagement of the stacking limiters 21 relative to the quick-release mounting base plate 22, ensuring the structural integrity and positioning stability of the multi-level stacked structure under high-speed rotation of the rotary grinding table 1.

[0046] See Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the outer side of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222 is provided with multiple sliding openings 2221, and a movable snap-fit ​​block 2222 slides in each sliding opening 2221. The bottom of the movable snap-fit ​​block 2222 is provided with a guide angle 2223. A first spring 2224 is provided between the movable snap-fit ​​block 2222 and the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222. An unlocking push rod 2225 is slidably installed at the axial position of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222. An unlocking push block 2226 is installed on the unlocking push rod 2225. The top of the unlocking push block 2226 is provided with a guide groove 2227, which matches the guide angle 2223.

[0047] Multiple sliding openings 2221 are evenly provided on the outer wall of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222, and each sliding opening 2221 is radially arranged through the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 2222. A movable locking block 2222 is slidably installed in each sliding opening 2221, and the movable locking block 2222 can reciprocate between the inside and outside of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 2222 along the radial direction of the sliding opening 2221. The bottom of the movable locking block 2222 is provided with a guide bevel 2223, and the bevel of the guide bevel 2223 is inclined towards the axis of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 2222. A first spring 2224 is provided between the movable locking block 2222 and the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 2222. One end of the first spring 2224 abuts against the inner end face of the movable locking block 2222, and the other end abuts against the inner wall end face of the sliding opening 2221. Under the elastic pushing action of the first spring 2224, the movable locking block 2222 is continuously pushed outward towards the through-pin 222, causing the outer end of the movable locking block 2222 to extend outward from the outer wall of the through-pin 222. When the mounting hole 214 of the stacking limiter 21 is fitted onto the through-pin 222, the outer end of the movable locking block 2222 forms an interference fit with the inner wall of the mounting hole 214, thereby implementing radial locking constraint on the stacking limiter 21 and restricting its axial disengagement along the through-pin 222, thus completing the axial locking and positioning between the stacking limiter 21 and the quick-release mounting base plate 22.

[0048] An unlocking push rod 2225 is slidably mounted at the axial position of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222. The unlocking push rod 2225 can reciprocate up and down along the axial direction of the through-hole snap-fit ​​post 222. An unlocking push block 2226 is fixedly mounted on the top of the unlocking push rod 2225. The top of the unlocking push block 2226 is provided with a guide groove 2227. The inclined surface of the groove wall of the guide groove 2227 matches the inclined surface of the guide angle 2223 at the bottom of the movable snap-fit ​​block 2222.

[0049] In the locked state, the first spring 2224 is in a pre-compressed state, and the movable block 2222 expands outward under the action of the spring force and engages with the stacking limiter 21 to achieve a firm lock.

[0050] In the unlocked state, the operator presses the unlocking push rod 2225 axially, causing the unlocking push block 2226 to rise along the axial direction. The guide groove 2227 at the top of the unlocking push block 2226 gradually contacts the guide angle 2223 at the bottom of the movable locking block 2222, creating inclined surface contact. As the unlocking push rod 2225 continues to apply pressure, the guide groove 2227 continuously applies an axial component force along the inclined surface of the guide angle 2223, which forces the guide angle 2223 to retract radially into the insertion locking post 222. The retraction of the guide angle 2223 causes the movable locking block 2222 to slide synchronously along the sliding opening 2221 into the insertion locking post 222. The outer end of the movable locking block 2222 gradually retracts into the outer wall surface of the insertion locking post 222, releasing the interference fit between the movable locking block 2222 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 214 of the stacking limiter 21. At this point, the constraint of the stacking limiter 21 along the axial direction of the insertion snap-fit ​​post 222 is completely released, and the operator can pull the stacking limiter 21 off the insertion snap-fit ​​post 222 to complete the quick disassembly.

[0051] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the adaptive precision limiting component 2 includes a synchronous unlocking device 23 for moving the push-to-unlock push rod 2225. The synchronous unlocking device 23 includes a first linear driver 231 and a push-to-unlock bracket 232. The first linear driver 231 is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table 1. The push-to-unlock bracket 232 is fixedly installed at the output end of the first linear driver 231.

[0052] The first linear actuator 231 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1, and its output end is fixedly connected to the push bracket 232. The push bracket 232 is located below the quick-release mounting base plate 22, and the push bracket 232 is provided with multiple push positions. The position of each push position corresponds one-to-one with the unlocking push rod 2225 of the multiple through-and-connect pins 222 on the quick-release mounting base plate 22.

[0053] In the locked state, the first springs 2224 of each interlocking pin 222 on the quick-release mounting base plate 22 are in a pre-compressed state. The movable locking block 2222 expands outward from the interlocking pin 222 under the elastic pushing action, and its outer end forms an interference fit with the inner wall of the mounting hole 214 of the stacking limiter 21, realizing the axial locking and positioning of the stacking limiter 21. The synchronous unlocking device 23 is in the retracted state, and the push bracket 232 is in a low position, maintaining a distance from the unlocking push rod 2225.

[0054] In the disassembly / replacement state, the operator triggers the first linear actuator 231. The output of the first linear actuator 231 pushes the pusher bracket 232 upward axially. The pusher bracket 232 drives each pusher station to rise synchronously, and each pusher station abuts against the unlocking push rod 2225 at the bottom of the corresponding through-and-through snap-fit ​​post 222. The continuous rise of the pusher bracket 232 applies an axial thrust to the unlocking push rod 2225, causing the unlocking push rod 2225 to move upward along the axis of the through-and-through snap-fit ​​post 222, driving the unlocking push block 2226 to move upward synchronously. The guide groove 2227 at the top of the unlocking push block 2226 and the guide angle 2223 at the bottom of the movable block 2222 make inclined surface contact. The guide groove 2227 continuously applies axial component force along the inclined surface of the guide angle 2223. This component force forces the guide angle 2223 to retract radially into the insertion locking post 222. The movable block 2222 slides synchronously into the insertion locking post 222 along the sliding opening 2221 until the outer end of the movable block 2222 is completely retracted into the outer wall surface of the insertion locking post 222, thus releasing the interference fit between the movable block 2222 and the inner wall of the mounting hole 214 of the stacking limiter 21.

[0055] Because multiple pushing positions on the pushing bracket 232 simultaneously act on the unlocking push rods 2225 of each interlocking snap-fit ​​post 222, the movable locking blocks 2222 of multiple interlocking snap-fit ​​posts 222 retract synchronously at the same time, thereby unlocking the stacking limiter 21. The operator can then pull the stacking limiter 21 out of the interlocking snap-fit ​​post 222 for quick disassembly.

[0056] See Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the multi-segment grinding device 3 includes a moving device 31, a rotary driver 32, a limiting pressing device 33, and a rotation stabilizing device 35. The moving device 31 is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table 1. The rotary driver 32 is fixedly installed on the moving end of the moving device 31, and the output end of the rotary driver 32 is detachably connected to the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The limiting pressing device 33 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the moving device 31. The rotation stabilizing device 35 is located directly below the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 and is used to engage with the multi-segment grinding shaft 34.

[0057] The moving device 31 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Its moving end is used to support the rotary driver 32 and to adjust the position of the rotary driver 32 in the radial direction of the rotary grinding table 1. The rotary driver 32 is fixedly mounted on the moving end of the moving device 31, and its output end is detachably connected to the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The rotating output end of the rotary driver 32 drives the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 to rotate at high speed around its axis. Each segment of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 corresponds to a different inner diameter size, and performs grinding on the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5 while rotating.

[0058] The limiting pressing device 33 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the moving device 31, and is arranged axially. When the rotary grinding table 1 drives the adaptive precision limiting component 2 and the annular sun wheel 5 to rotate directly below the multi-segment grinding device 3, the limiting pressing device 33 descends axially, and its grinding end contacts the upper end face of the annular sun wheel 5 and applies axial pressing force. This pressing force presses the annular sun wheel 5 axially, restricting its axial displacement freedom, so that the annular sun wheel 5 remains axially fixed during the grinding process, ensuring the stability of the axial relative position between the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 and the inner diameter hole wall, and ensuring the consistency of the grinding trajectory.

[0059] A rotational stabilizing device 35 is positioned directly below the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, with its movable end facing upwards. When the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 descends to the grinding station, its lower end engages with the movable end of the rotational stabilizing device 35. The movable end of the rotational stabilizing device 35 provides radial support and axial constraint to the lower end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, providing a bottom support point. This bottom support point effectively shortens the effective cantilever length of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, suppressing radial runout and bending vibration caused by an excessively large length-to-diameter ratio during high-speed rotation, ensuring the stability of the rotation axis of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, and thus ensuring the surface finish and dimensional accuracy of the inner diameter hole wall grinding process.

[0060] See Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, the limiting pressing device 33 includes an elastic pressing frame 331, a pressing sleeve 332, and an annular nozzle 333; the elastic pressing frame 331 is fixedly installed on the moving device 31; the pressing sleeve 332 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the elastic pressing frame 331, the pressing sleeve 332 is fitted on the outside of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, and the annular nozzle 333 is installed on the outside of the pressing sleeve 332.

[0061] The elastic pressing frame 331 is fixedly installed on the moving device 31, with its movable end arranged axially to support the pressing sleeve 332 and transmit the axial displacement of the moving device 31. The pressing sleeve 332 is fixedly installed on the movable end of the elastic pressing frame 331, and is fitted onto the outside of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, with the axis of the pressing sleeve 332 coaxially aligned with the axis of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The annular nozzle 333 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the pressing sleeve 332, with the spray surface of the annular nozzle 333 facing the grinding area of ​​the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 and the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5.

[0062] During the axial pressing phase, the moving device 31 descends axially, causing the elastic pressing frame 331 to descend synchronously. The movable end of the elastic pressing frame 331 pushes the pressing sleeve 332 downward axially, and the lower end face of the pressing sleeve 332 contacts the upper end face of the annular sun gear 5 placed in the stacking limiting device 21, applying axial pressing force. This pressing force is evenly transmitted to the upper end face of the annular sun gear 5 through the pressing sleeve 332, pressing the annular sun gear 5 axially into the limiting gear groove 211 of the stacking limiting device 21, restricting the axial displacement freedom of the annular sun gear 5, keeping it axially fixed during the grinding process, ensuring the stability of the axial relative position between the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 and the inner diameter hole wall, and ensuring the consistency of the grinding trajectory.

[0063] The multi-segment grinding shaft 34 rotates at high speed around its axis under the drive of the rotary driver 32, performing grinding on the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5. During the grinding process, the annular nozzle 333 continuously sprays coolant into the grinding area. The coolant cools the grinding contact surface, reducing the impact of grinding heat on the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5.

[0064] See Figures 1 to 11 As shown, multiple grinding blocks 342 are installed on the outer side of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, and a detachable locking connecting sleeve 341 is installed on the top of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The top of the locking connecting sleeve 341 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary driver 32. A docking block 343 is provided at the bottom of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, and a tapered docking groove 3431 is provided on the docking block 343.

[0065] Multiple grinding blocks 342 are axially fitted onto the outer side of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. Each grinding block 342 corresponds to a different inner diameter, and the outer diameters of the grinding blocks 342 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 in ascending order. After the multiple grinding blocks 342 are fitted onto the outer side of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, a locking connecting sleeve 341 is installed on the top. The inner hole of the locking connecting sleeve 341 forms a tight fit with the top outer wall of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, fixing the multiple grinding blocks 342 to their corresponding axial positions on the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 by axial pressing and locking, preventing axial slippage of the grinding blocks 342 during grinding. The top of the locking connecting sleeve 341 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary driver 32. The rotational output of the rotary driver 32 is transmitted to the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 via the locking connecting sleeve 341, driving the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 to rotate at high speed around its axis. During grinding, the grinding blocks 342 on the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, which match the inner diameter of the annular sun gear 5 to be processed, come into contact with the inner diameter hole wall to perform grinding.

[0066] A docking block 343 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. A tapered docking groove 3431 is formed on the docking block 343, with the tapered surface of the tapered docking groove 3431 facing the docking end of the rotation stabilizing device 35. When the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 descends to the grinding station, the tapered docking groove 3431 at the bottom of the docking block 343 and the docking end of the rotation stabilizing device 35 form a tapered surface fit. Radial positioning and axial constraint are applied to the lower end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34, so that the lower end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 obtains bottom fulcrum support.

[0067] At this time, the upper end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary driver 32 through the locking connecting sleeve 341, realizing the rotational drive and axial constraint of the upper end; the lower end forms a conical surface fit with the docking end of the rotational stabilizing device 35 through the conical docking groove 3431 of the docking block 343, realizing the radial support and axial limit of the lower end. The multi-segment grinding shaft 34 forms a support structure with constraints at both ends in the axial direction, effectively shortening its effective cantilever length, suppressing radial runout and bending vibration caused by excessive length-to-diameter ratio under high-speed rotation conditions, and ensuring the stability of the rotation axis. In this stable state, the rotary driver 32 drives the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 to rotate continuously, and the grinding block 342 of the corresponding specification performs grinding processing on the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5, ensuring the consistency of the grinding trajectory and the smoothness of the processed surface.

[0068] See Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the rotational stabilizing device 35 includes a mounting bracket 351, a sliding mounting sleeve 352, a telescopic shaft 353, a tapered connector 354, a second spring 355, and a second linear actuator 356. The mounting bracket 351 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. The sliding mounting sleeve 352 is slidably mounted on the mounting bracket 351 and is coaxially arranged with the multi-segment grinding shaft 34. The telescopic shaft 353 is slidably mounted inside the sliding mounting sleeve 352. The tapered connector 354 is rotatably mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic shaft 353 and matches the tapered mating groove 3431. The second spring 355 is installed between the sliding mounting sleeve 352 and the telescopic shaft 353. The second linear actuator 356 is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket 351, and the output end of the second linear actuator 356 is connected to the sliding mounting sleeve 352.

[0069] During the pre-docking stage, after the rotary grinding table 1 drives the adaptive precision limiting component 2 and the annular sun gear 5 to rotate directly below the multi-segment grinding device 3, the second linear actuator 356 actuates, and its output end pushes the sliding mounting sleeve 352 upward along the axial direction. The sliding mounting sleeve 352 drives the telescopic shaft 353 and the tapered coupling 354 to rise synchronously. The tapered coupling 354 passes sequentially along the axial direction through the stacking limiting device 21, the insertion opening 221 of the quick-release mounting base plate 22, and the center hole of the annular sun gear 5, and stops after rising to the preset docking height. At this time, the tapered coupling 354 is located in the inner diameter hole of the annular sun gear 5 and is in the docking-ready state.

[0070] During the docking phase, the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 descends, and the tapered docking groove 3431 on its bottom docking block 343 aligns with and fits onto the tapered mating joint 354. The inner tapered surface of the tapered docking groove 3431 and the outer tapered surface of the tapered mating joint 354 form a tapered surface fit, which provides radial positioning and axial constraint for the lower end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34.

[0071] During the elastic support stage, the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 continues to descend axially to enter the grinding station, and the mating block 343 applies axial pressure to the tapered mating joint 354. This pressure forces the telescopic shaft 353 to slide downward along the internal cavity of the sliding mounting sleeve 352, compressing the second spring 355. The second spring 355 generates a reverse elastic force under compression, which continuously acts on the tapered mating joint 354 through the telescopic shaft 353, ensuring that the tapered mating joint 354 always elastically abuts against the inner conical surface of the tapered mating groove 3431. This elastic abutment eliminates the tapered surface fit clearance, ensuring that the lower end of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 remains radially centered throughout the grinding process.

[0072] See Figure 1 As shown, an inner diameter grinding device for producing an annular sun gear also includes a gear detection device 4 installed on a rotary grinding table 1. The gear detection device 4 is equipped with a vision detector 42, which is used to detect the placement position of the annular sun gear 5 in the stacking limiter 21.

[0073] After the workpiece is loaded, the operator places the annular sun gear 5 into the stacking limit fixture 21 using a robotic arm or manually. Subsequently, the rotary grinding table 1 drives the adaptive precision limit assembly 2 and the annular sun gear 5 to rotate circumferentially until the rotary station switches to the detection station of the gear detection device 4. At this time, the annular sun gear 5 in the stacking limit fixture 21 enters the detection field of view of the vision detector 42.

[0074] The vision detector 42 collects image information of the annular sun gear 5 in the stacking limit fixture 21 and compares it with the preset placement reference position to determine whether the annular sun gear 5 is accurately placed in the limit gear groove 211 of the stacking limit fixture 21 and whether there is circumferential offset or radial misalignment. If the vision detector 42 determines that the placement position of the annular sun gear 5 conforms to the preset reference, the control system confirms that the workpiece is in place, and the rotary grinding table 1 continues to drive the workpiece to the grinding station of the multi-stage grinding device 3; if the vision detector 42 determines that the placement position of the annular sun gear 5 deviates from the preset reference, the control system issues a position abnormality signal, the rotary grinding table 1 stops rotating, and waits for the operator to correct the placement position of the workpiece before restarting the station conversion.

[0075] Specific working principle: The rotary grinding table 1 has a rotating station at its rotating end, used to carry workpieces and realize station conversion. Multiple sets of adaptive precision limiting components 2 are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table 1. Each set of adaptive precision limiting components 2 includes a quick-release mounting base plate 22 and stacking limiting devices 21. The quick-release mounting base plate 22 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Multiple stacking limiting devices 21 are arranged coaxially and are fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate 22. Each stacking limiting device 21 corresponds to the outer diameter of a different specification annular sun gear 5 to achieve circumferential limiting adaptation for workpieces of various specifications. A multi-segment grinding device 3 is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table 1. Its drive end has multiple grinding shafts 34, each segment of which corresponds to a different inner diameter to achieve grinding adaptation for the inner diameter holes of workpieces of various specifications.

[0076] During operation, the operator selects several stacking limiters 21 of corresponding sizes according to the outer and inner diameter specifications of the annular sun gear 5 to be processed. These limiters are stacked sequentially in ascending order of their limiting size, and then assembled onto a quick-release mounting base plate 22. The quick-release mounting base plate 22 locks and positions the multiple stacking limiters 21. Subsequently, the annular sun gear 5 is placed into the stacking limiters 21 using a robotic arm or manually. The stacking limiters 21 circumferentially limit the annular sun gear 5, constraining its circumferential rotational freedom.

[0077] The rotary grinding table 1 drives the adaptive precision limiting component 2 and the annular sun gear 5 to rotate until the rotating position reaches directly below the multi-segment grinding device 3. The grinding end of the multi-segment grinding device 3 descends axially, applying pressure to the annular sun gear 5 to limit its axial displacement, thus keeping the annular sun gear 5 axially fixed during the grinding process. The multi-segment grinding shaft 34, while rotating, performs grinding on the inner diameter hole wall of the annular sun gear 5. Each segment of the multi-segment grinding shaft 34 can adapt to grinding hole walls of different inner diameter sizes, completing the effective grinding of the corresponding specification inner diameter.

[0078] The multi-level combination of stacked limiters 21 enables rapid adaptation of outer diameter specifications, and the segmented structure of multi-segment grinding shafts 34 enables flexible switching of inner diameter specifications. There is no need to disassemble and replace single specification parts, which significantly shortens the changeover and adjustment time, ensures production continuity, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of mass production of multi-specification annular sun gears 5.

[0079] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An inner diameter grinding device for the production of annular sun gears, characterized in that, Includes a rotary polishing table (1), an adaptive precision limiting component (2), and a multi-stage polishing device (3); The rotating end of the rotary polishing table (1) is provided with a rotating station; Multiple adaptive precision limiting components (2) are provided and are evenly distributed on the rotating station of the rotary grinding table (1). The adaptive precision limiting components (2) include a quick-release mounting base plate (22) and a stacking limiting device (21). The quick-release mounting base plate (22) is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table (1). Multiple stacking limiting devices (21) are provided and are stacked on the same axis. Multiple stacking limiting devices (21) are fixedly connected to the quick-release mounting base plate (22). Multiple stacking limiting devices (21) are used to adapt to and limit annular sun gears (5) of different sizes. The multi-segment grinding device (3) is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table (1). The drive end of the multi-segment grinding device (3) is provided with a multi-segment grinding shaft (34), which is used to grind holes with different inner diameters.

2. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stacking limiter (21) has a limit gear groove (211) at the axial center, multiple docking grooves (213) at the top of the stacking limiter (21), multiple docking protrusions (212) at the bottom of the stacking limiter (21), and multiple mounting holes (214) on the stacking limiter (21). The mounting holes (214) are used to fix the quick-release mounting base plate (22).

3. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 2, characterized in that, The quick-release mounting base plate (22) has an insertion opening (221) at the axial position. Multiple insertion snap-fit ​​posts (222) are also installed on the quick-release mounting base plate (22). The insertion snap-fit ​​posts (222) are used to fix the stacking limiter (21).

4. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer side of the interlocking snap-fit ​​post (222) is provided with multiple sliding openings (2221), and a movable snap-fit ​​block (2222) slides in each sliding opening (2221). The bottom of the movable snap-fit ​​block (2222) is provided with a guide angle (2223). A first spring (2224) is provided between the movable snap-fit ​​block (2222) and the interlocking snap-fit ​​post (222). An unlocking push rod (2225) is slidably installed at the axial position of the interlocking snap-fit ​​post (2222). An unlocking push block (2226) is installed on the unlocking push rod (2225). The top of the unlocking push block (2226) is provided with a guide groove (2227), and the guide groove (2227) matches the guide angle (2223).

5. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive precision limiting assembly (2) includes a synchronous unlocking device (23) for moving the push-to-unlock push rod (2225), the synchronous unlocking device (23) including a first linear driver (231) and a push-to-unlock bracket (232). The first linear actuator (231) is fixedly mounted on the rotary grinding table (1); The push bracket (232) is fixedly installed at the output end of the first linear driver (231).

6. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage grinding device (3) includes a moving device (31), a rotary driver (32), a limiting pressing device (33), and a rotation stabilizing device (35). The moving device (31) is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table (1); The rotary driver (32) is fixedly mounted on the moving end of the moving device (31), and the output end of the rotary driver (32) is detachably connected to the multi-segment grinding shaft (34); The limiting pressing device (33) is fixedly installed on the movable end of the moving device (31); The rotation stabilizing device (35) is located directly below the multi-segment grinding shaft (34) and is used to engage the multi-segment grinding shaft (34).

7. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 6, characterized in that, The limiting pressing device (33) includes an elastic pressing frame (331), a pressing sleeve (332), and an annular nozzle (333). The elastic pressing bracket (331) is fixedly installed on the moving device (31); The pressure sleeve (332) is fixedly installed on the movable end of the elastic pressing frame (331), and the pressure sleeve (332) is fitted on the outside of the multi-section grinding shaft (34); The annular nozzle (333) is installed on the outside of the pressure sleeve (332).

8. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple grinding blocks (342) are installed on the outside of the multi-segment grinding shaft (34). A detachable locking sleeve (341) is installed on the top of the multi-segment grinding shaft (34). The top of the locking sleeve (341) is fixedly connected to the output end of the rotary driver (32). A docking block (343) is provided at the bottom of the multi-segment grinding shaft (34). A tapered docking groove (3431) is provided on the docking block (343).

9. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 8, characterized in that, The rotational stabilizing device (35) includes a mounting bracket (351), a sliding mounting sleeve (352), a telescopic shaft (353), a tapered joint (354), a second spring (355), and a second linear actuator (356); The mounting bracket (351) is fixedly installed on the rotary grinding table (1); The sliding mounting sleeve (352) is slidably mounted on the mounting bracket (351), and the sliding mounting sleeve (352) is coaxially arranged with the multi-segment grinding shaft (34); The telescopic shaft (353) is slidably mounted inside the sliding mounting sleeve (352); The tapered connector (354) is rotatably mounted on the telescopic end of the telescopic shaft (353), and the tapered connector (354) matches the tapered mating groove (3431); The second spring (355) is installed between the sliding mounting sleeve (352) and the telescopic shaft (353); The second linear driver (356) is fixedly mounted on the mounting bracket (351), and the output end of the second linear driver (356) is connected to the sliding mounting sleeve (352).

10. The inner diameter grinding device for producing annular sun gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gear detection device (4) installed on a rotary grinding table (1), and a vision detector (42) is provided on the gear detection device (4). The vision detector (42) is used to detect the placement position of the annular sun gear (5) in the stacking limiter (21).

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