A 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of ceramic mold processing, in particular to a 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing. The structure comprises a device body, a workbench arranged in the middle of the device body, a spray gun arranged above the workbench, a material scraping and recycling mechanism arranged on the surface of the spray gun, a slurry whole-process processing structure arranged on the surface of the device body and a material guide pipe communicated with the material scraping and recycling mechanism. The device solves the technical problems of poor slurry processing effect, many forming defects and low raw material utilization rate of the existing device. The device integrates the functions of material storage and stabilization, anti-settling stirring, grading grinding, vacuum defoaming, vibration homogenization and residual material recycling, and the structures are cooperatively linked, manual intervention is not needed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the forming defect rate is reduced, the requirements of high-precision trial production and large-batch mass production are met, and the engineering application value is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic mold processing technology, and in particular to a 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing. Background Technology

[0002] Ceramic materials possess advantages such as high hardness, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, and are widely used in precision molds, aerospace, and other fields. Ceramic 3D printing can rapidly produce complex and irregularly shaped molds, shortening the research and development cycle, and is an important technological direction for rapid mold manufacturing.

[0003] Existing 3D printing equipment for ceramic molds mostly adopts a split slurry processing structure, which has low integration and automation levels and suffers from several technical shortcomings. First, the traditional storage structure uses a single mixing method, making it difficult to remove slurry deposits on the walls and bottom of the container. High-solids ceramic slurry is prone to settling, stratification, and clumping, resulting in poor slurry uniformity and causing uneven printing layer thickness, deformation, cracking, and other molding defects. Second, the existing slurry powder has poor particle size uniformity, leading to low mold density and poor surface quality. Furthermore, the degassing method is limited and cannot effectively remove microbubbles. Third, traditional equipment lacks precise temperature control and light-proof insulation structures. Fourth, existing equipment lacks a dedicated spray gun residue recovery structure. Residual slurry on the outer wall of the spray gun easily dries and affects printing accuracy, and the residue cannot be recycled, resulting in serious material waste and high production costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing, which solves the technical problems of poor slurry processing effect, many molding defects and low raw material utilization rate of existing equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: including a device body, a workbench located in the middle of the device body, a spray gun located above the workbench, a scraping and recovery mechanism installed on the surface of the spray gun, a slurry full-process processing structure installed on the surface of the device body, and a guide pipe connected to the scraping and recovery mechanism. The slurry full-process processing structure includes a mounting frame and a processing unit. The processing unit includes a storage structure, a connecting frame connected to the discharge end of the storage structure, a slurry reinforcement structure located below the connecting frame, a connecting plate connecting the storage structure and the slurry reinforcement structure, and a vibration unit installed on the outer surface of the storage structure and the slurry reinforcement structure. A constant temperature control unit is installed inside the barrel wall of both the storage structure and the slurry reinforcement structure. The scraping and recovery mechanism is movably sleeved on the outside of the spray gun. The scraping and recovery mechanism includes a telescopic unit. A recovery frame is installed on the lower surface of the telescopic end of the telescopic unit. An installation ring is fixedly installed on the bottom inner edge of the recovery frame. A scraper is installed on the installation ring, and the scraper is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the spray gun. The recovery frame is provided with a return pipe, and the return pipe is connected to the material storage structure through a guide pipe.

[0006] Furthermore, the storage structure includes a storage tank with a feed inlet at the top and a drive motor fixedly installed thereon. The output end of the drive motor is connected to a connecting rod extending into the storage tank. Two horizontal mounting members are symmetrically fixed on the connecting rod, and each horizontal mounting member has a movable ring at its end, which can slide against the inner wall of the storage tank. A support rod is installed on the lower side of each horizontal mounting member, and the support rod is connected to an L-shaped scraper plate via a first telescopic rod. The L-shaped scraper plate includes a vertical part and a horizontal bottom. The upper end of the vertical part is connected to the first telescopic rod, and the horizontal bottom contacts the inner bottom wall of the storage tank. The outer wall of the storage tank is covered with a constant temperature jacket, which constitutes at least part of the constant temperature control unit. An auxiliary anti-settling stirring assembly is also provided inside the storage tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the auxiliary anti-settling mixing assembly includes a second telescopic rod installed on the support rod and a pusher plate installed at the end of the second telescopic rod; the pusher plate has a corrugated structure and its surface is a rough surface formed by sandblasting.

[0008] Furthermore, both of the transverse mounting members are equipped with bidirectional telescopic push rods, which are used to drive the support rod to reciprocate along the length of the transverse mounting member; the free end of the horizontal bottom of the L-shaped scraper is detachably connected to the connecting rod through the mounting base.

[0009] Furthermore, a control valve is installed at the connection between the upper part of the connecting frame and the storage bucket.

[0010] Furthermore, the slurry reinforcement structure includes an abrasive barrel, on the top of which a variable frequency motor is fixedly installed. The output end of the variable frequency motor is connected to a rotating rod extending into the abrasive barrel. The interior of the abrasive barrel is divided into a pretreatment chamber, a meshing grinding chamber, and a guiding chamber from top to bottom. A set of parallel grinding shafts are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber. A removable filter screen is horizontally installed on the partition between the pretreatment chamber and the meshing grinding chamber. A double bevel gear and a vacuum pump are installed inside the meshing grinding chamber. The double bevel gear is connected to the end of the rotating rod. A meshing gear shaft is installed on the inner wall of the meshing grinding chamber at a position corresponding to the double bevel gear. The suction port of the vacuum pump is connected to the interior of the meshing grinding chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the vibration unit is a high-frequency vibrator, and the vibration unit is fixed to the outer wall of the storage structure and the slurry reinforcement structure respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the bottom of the slurry reinforcement structure is provided with a discharge port, which is connected to the spray gun through a discharge pipe. The outer walls of the discharge port, the discharge pipe and the guide pipe are all provided with a light-proof and heat-insulating layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the constant temperature control unit controls the slurry temperature within the range of 20℃ to 35℃; the vibration unit operates at a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz and an amplitude of 0.5mm to 3mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the working method of the aforementioned 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing includes the following steps: S1: The ceramic slurry in the storage structure is kept at a preset temperature by the constant temperature control unit, and after being degassed by the vibration unit, it enters the slurry reinforcement structure through the connecting material frame; S2: The slurry reinforcement structure sequentially performs pre-treatment grinding, sieving and grading, interlocking fine grinding and vacuum degassing on the slurry. The treated slurry is then sent to the spray gun through the discharge pipe. S3: After the spray gun finishes printing, the telescopic unit drives the recovery sleeve to move along the spray gun axis. The scraper removes the residual slurry from the outer wall of the spray gun. The residual slurry is returned to the storage tank of the storage structure through the return pipe and the guide pipe, where it mixes with the fresh slurry in the tank, and then enters the processing cycle of step S2 through the connecting frame.

[0015] Furthermore, the operation using the above-described slurry whole-process treatment structure includes the following steps: (a) Constant temperature control and vibration degassing steps: The ceramic slurry in the storage structure is kept at a preset temperature by the constant temperature control unit, while the vibration unit assists in degassing the slurry by high-frequency vibration. (b) Three-stage processing steps: The slurry is coarsely ground by the grinding shaft in the pretreatment chamber, classified by the filter screen, and then finely ground by the double bevel gear and the meshing gear shaft in the meshing grinding chamber, and the air bubbles are removed by the vacuum suction pump. (c) Printing steps: The processed slurry is sent to the spray gun for printing through the discharge pipe; (d) Residual material recovery and regeneration steps: The telescopic unit drives the recovery frame to move, the scraper scrapes off the residual slurry on the outer wall of the spray gun, the residual slurry returns to the storage structure through the return pipeline and the guide pipe, mixes with the fresh slurry in the storage tank, and then enters the three-stage processing cycle together with the fresh slurry.

[0016] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention integrates the functions of material storage and stabilization, anti-settling stirring, graded grinding, vacuum degassing, vibration homogenization, and residual material recycling. The various structures work together in a coordinated manner without human intervention, which greatly improves production efficiency and reduces molding defect rate. It meets the needs of high-precision trial production and mass production, and has high engineering application value. This invention employs an adaptively adjustable lateral mounting component, a telescopic L-shaped scraper, and a corrugated rough pusher structure to achieve full-area scraping of the barrel wall and bottom, as well as strong bottom disturbance, thereby suppressing slurry settling, stratification, and wall accumulation from the source. Combined with high-frequency vibration assistance on the outer wall, it continuously stabilizes the slurry state and effectively avoids printing deviations and molding deformation caused by uneven slurry. Furthermore, this invention sets up a three-stage slurry modification system consisting of pretreatment coarse grinding, filter screening, and meshing fine grinding. The slurry particles are refined by the strong shearing action of double bevel gears and meshing gear shafts. Combined with the vacuum synchronous degassing function, large and small air bubbles inside the slurry are completely eliminated, eliminating defects such as pores, pinholes, and cracks in the finished product, and effectively improving the density, surface precision, and structural strength of ceramic molds. By utilizing the dedicated telescopic scraper recovery mechanism for the spray gun, residual material on the outer wall of the spray gun can be automatically scraped off and returned to the storage structure for recycling, achieving efficient utilization of residual material and reducing raw material loss; at the same time, accumulated material is cleared in real time to prevent residual material from drying and interfering with the printing trajectory, significantly improving the stability of continuous operation of the equipment and the consistency of product forming. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry processing structure of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the storage structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry reinforcement structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping and recycling mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the scraping and recycling mechanism of the present invention; In the diagram: Equipment body-1, Workbench-2, Spray gun-3, Scraping and recovery mechanism-4, Slurry full-process treatment structure-5, Guide pipe-6, Mounting frame-50, Storage structure-51, Connecting frame-52, Slurry reinforcement structure-53, Connecting plate-54, Vibration unit-55, Discharge port-56, Discharge pipe-57, Telescopic unit-41, Recovery sleeve-42, Return pipeline-43, Mounting ring-44, Scraper-45, Storage tank-511, Inlet 512. Feed inlet - 513. Drive motor - 514. Connecting rod - 515. Horizontal mounting component - 516. Movable ring - 517. Support rod - 518. First telescopic rod - 519. L-shaped scraper - 5110. Second telescopic rod - 5110. Pusher plate - 5111. Grinding barrel - 531. Variable frequency motor - 532. Rotating rod - 533. Grinding shaft - 534. Filter screen - 535. Double bevel gear - 536. Meshing gear shaft - 537. Vacuum suction pump - 538. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example 1

[0019] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 7 This embodiment provides a 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing, the structure of which includes: a device body 1, a worktable 2 located in the middle of the device body 1, a spray gun 3 located above the worktable 2, a scraping and recovery mechanism 4 installed on the surface of the spray gun 3, a slurry full-process processing structure 5 installed on the surface of the device body 1, and a guide pipe 6 connected to the scraping and recovery mechanism 4. The worktable 2 serves as the bearing reference surface for printing and forming the ceramic mold, and the spray gun 3 can move three-dimensionally relative to the worktable 2 to complete the layer-by-layer printing and forming operation of the workpiece.

[0020] The slurry processing structure 5 includes a mounting frame 50 and a processing unit fixed on the mounting frame 50. The processing unit is an integrated assembly used to realize the integrated processing of ceramic slurry storage, temperature control, vibration degassing, grinding and homogenization, vacuum degassing, and quantitative feeding. Specifically, the processing unit includes a storage structure 51, a connecting frame 52 connected to the discharge end of the storage structure 51, a slurry reinforcement structure 53 located below the connecting frame 52, a connecting plate 54 connecting the storage structure 51 and the slurry reinforcement structure 53, and a vibration unit 55 installed on the outer surface of the storage structure 51 and the slurry reinforcement structure 53. The connecting plate 54 is used to achieve a fixed connection and overall rigid assembly between the storage structure 51 and the slurry reinforcement structure 53. Temperature control units are installed inside the tank walls of both the storage structure 51 and the slurry reinforcement structure 53 to perform closed-loop temperature control of the ceramic slurry, suppressing sudden changes in slurry viscosity, delamination, and printing defects caused by temperature fluctuations. The scraping and recovery mechanism 4 is movably sleeved on the outside of the spray gun 3 and can move synchronously with the spray gun 3. The scraping and recovery mechanism 4 includes a telescopic unit 41. In this example, the telescopic unit 41 is an electric telescopic rod, whose stroke can be flexibly set according to the size of the spray gun 3. It can drive the recovery frame 42 to move smoothly back and forth along the spray gun axis to complete the scraping of residual material. A mounting ring 44 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner edge of the recovery frame 42, and a scraper 45 is installed on the mounting ring 44. The mounting ring 44 is used for detachable installation and radial floating adjustment of the scraper 45. The scraper 45 is fitted with the outer wall of the spray gun 3 to completely scrape off the residual slurry adhering to the outer wall of the spray gun 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple scraper blades 45 are provided, evenly spaced and circularly installed inside the mounting ring 44. Furthermore, each scraper blade 45 has a limit-positioning rotation spring at its connection end with the mounting ring 44, allowing the scraper blade 45 to adjust to the diameter of the spray gun 3, thus ensuring that the scraper blade 45 is always in clearance fit with the outer wall of the spray gun 3. It should be noted that the vertical length of the scraper blade 45 is less than the vertical length of the recovery frame 42. It should also be noted that the telescopic unit 41 is a linear telescopic drive mechanism, which can be any of an electric telescopic rod, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric screw slide module, all of which can achieve the axial telescopic movement of the recovery frame 42.

[0021] The recycling frame 42 is provided with a return pipe 43, which is connected to the storage structure 51 through the guide pipe 6, so that the printing residue collected by the scraping recycling mechanism 4 can be stably returned to the storage structure 51, realizing closed-loop recycling and reuse of residual material, and reducing raw material loss. The inner wall of the recycling frame 42 is a mesh structure. The storage structure 51 and the recycling frame 42 are integrated with the guide pipe 6 and the return pipe 43 to facilitate the recycling of residual materials.

[0022] The storage structure 51 includes a storage bin 511. The top of the storage bin 511 has a feed inlet 512 and a drive motor 513 is fixedly installed thereon. The output end of the drive motor 513 is connected to a connecting rod 514 that extends into the storage bin 511. Two transverse mounting parts 515 are symmetrically fixed on the connecting rod 514. Each transverse mounting part 515 is equipped with a movable ring 516 at its end. The movable ring 516 can slide against the inner wall of the storage bin 511, forming a sliding support and radial limit for the rotating structure, thereby improving the overall operational stability.

[0023] Each horizontal mounting component 515 has a support rod 517 installed on its lower side. The support rod 517 is connected to an L-shaped scraper 519 via a first telescopic rod 518. The L-shaped scraper 519 includes an integrally formed vertical part and a horizontal bottom. The upper end of the vertical part is connected to the first telescopic rod 518, and the horizontal bottom contacts the inner bottom wall of the storage tank 511, which can simultaneously scrape off the slurry adhering to the tank wall and the bottom of the tank.

[0024] The outer wall of the storage tank 511 is covered with a constant temperature jacket, which constitutes at least part of the constant temperature control unit. The storage tank 511 is also equipped with an auxiliary anti-settling stirring component to improve the problem of easy settling and stratification of high solids ceramic slurry.

[0025] The auxiliary anti-settling mixing component includes a second telescopic rod 5110 installed on the support rod 517 and a pusher plate 5111 installed at the end of the second telescopic rod 5110. The pusher plate 5111 has a wave-shaped structure and its surface is a rough surface formed by sandblasting. The wave-shaped structure can expand the slurry disturbance range, and the rough surface can improve the slurry shear disturbance effect, effectively break the bottom sediment layer, and further improve the overall homogeneity and stability of the slurry.

[0026] Furthermore, both transverse mounting members 515 are equipped with bidirectional telescopic push rods. The bidirectional telescopic push rods are used to drive the support rod 517 to reciprocate along the length of the transverse mounting member 515, and can adaptively adjust the stirring and scraping operation range according to the inner diameter of the barrel. The free end of the horizontal bottom of the L-shaped scraper 519 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 514 through the mounting base, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and facilitates later maintenance, cleaning and replacement.

[0027] A control valve is installed at the connection between the upper part of the material frame 52 and the material storage tank 511 to precisely regulate the slurry feeding rate and amount, so as to achieve quantitative and intermittent stable feeding and avoid printing fluctuations caused by slurry accumulation and uneven feeding.

[0028] The slurry reinforcement structure 53 includes an abrasive barrel 531. A variable frequency motor 532 is fixedly installed on the top of the abrasive barrel 531. The output end of the variable frequency motor 532 is connected to a rotating rod 533 that extends into the abrasive barrel 531. The interior of the abrasive barrel 531 is divided into a pretreatment chamber, a meshing grinding chamber, and a guiding chamber from top to bottom, realizing graded and step-by-step fine processing of the slurry. A set of parallel grinding shafts 534 are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber for breaking up and coarsely grinding the incoming slurry and crushing agglomerated particles. A removable filter screen 535 is horizontally installed on the partition between the pretreatment chamber and the meshing grinding chamber for particle size classification of the coarsely ground slurry and intercepting large particles and unbroken agglomerates.

[0029] The meshing grinding chamber is equipped with a double bevel gear 536 and a vacuum pump 538. The double bevel gear 536 is connected to the end of the rotating rod 533. A meshing gear shaft 537 is installed on the inner wall of the meshing grinding chamber at a position corresponding to the double bevel gear 536. The double bevel gear 536 and the meshing gear shaft 537 mesh with each other to form a strong shear grinding zone, realizing ultra-fine grinding of the slurry. The suction port of the vacuum pump 538 is connected to the inside of the meshing grinding chamber, which can simultaneously complete vacuum degassing during the grinding process, effectively eliminating micro-bubbles and encapsulated bubbles inside the slurry, and avoiding defects such as pores, pinholes, and cracks in the printed blank.

[0030] The vibration unit 55 is a high-frequency vibrator, which is fixed to the outer wall of the storage structure 51 and the slurry reinforcement structure 53 respectively. It can provide vibration assistance throughout the slurry storage, transportation and grinding process, and play a role in preventing sedimentation, promoting flow, assisting defoaming and preventing adhesion and blockage. In this embodiment, the temperature control range of the constant temperature control unit is set to 20℃~35℃, which is suitable for the rheological characteristics of conventional ceramic slurry; the operating frequency of the vibration unit 55 is 50Hz~200Hz, and the amplitude is 0.5mm~3mm, which ensures the defoaming and homogenization effect while avoiding secondary stratification of the slurry.

[0031] The bottom of the slurry reinforcement structure 53 is provided with a discharge port 56, which is connected to the spray gun 3 through a discharge pipe 57. The homogenized slurry after constant temperature, vibration, grinding and degassing treatment can be stably conveyed to the spray gun 3. The outer walls of the discharge port 56, the discharge pipe 57 and the guide pipe 6 are all provided with light-proof and heat-insulating layers, which can isolate light and ambient temperature interference, prevent the photosensitive slurry from aging and deteriorating, and prevent the slurry in the pipeline from condensing and clogging, thus ensuring the long-term stability of the slurry performance.

[0032] The device operation method of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1: Constant temperature storage and pre-degassing: The ceramic slurry in the storage structure 51 maintains a constant temperature under the action of the constant temperature control unit. At the same time, the pre-degassing and homogenization are completed by the high-frequency vibration of the vibration unit 55. The stabilized slurry is quantitatively introduced into the slurry reinforcement structure 53 through the connecting material frame 52.

[0033] S2: Multi-stage slurry enhancement treatment: The slurry is successively subjected to coarse grinding in the pretreatment chamber, particle size classification by the filter screen 535, fine shearing and grinding in the meshing grinding chamber, and simultaneous vacuum degassing under the action of the vacuum suction pump 538 to obtain a high-quality ceramic slurry with uniform particles, dense and bubble-free, and stable performance.

[0034] S3: Printing and forming: The processed slurry is conveyed to the spray gun 3 through the discharge pipe 57, and the ceramic mold is printed layer by layer on the worktable 2 according to the preset printing trajectory. After the spray gun 3 finishes printing, the telescopic unit 41 drives the recovery sleeve 42 to move along the spray gun axis. The scraper 45 scrapes off the residual slurry on the outer wall of the spray gun. The residual slurry returns to the storage tank 511 of the storage structure 51 through the return pipe and the guide pipe, mixes with the fresh slurry in the tank, and then enters the processing cycle of step S2 through the connecting material frame.

[0035] Furthermore, the refined operation process of the slurry whole-process processing structure 5 of the present invention includes: Constant temperature control and vibration degassing steps: The ceramic slurry in the storage structure 51 maintains a preset temperature under the action of the constant temperature control unit, while the vibration unit 55 assists in degassing the slurry with high-frequency vibration. The three-stage processing steps are as follows: the slurry is coarsely ground by the grinding shaft 534 in the pretreatment chamber, classified by the filter screen 535, and then enters the meshing grinding chamber where it is finely ground by the cooperation of the double bevel gear 536 and the meshing gear shaft 537, and the air bubbles are removed by the vacuum suction pump 538. Printing steps: The processed slurry is sent to the spray gun 3 through the discharge pipe 57 for printing; Residual material recycling and regeneration steps: The telescopic unit 41 drives the recycling frame 42 to move, and the scraper 45 scrapes off the residual slurry on the outer wall of the spray gun 3. The residual slurry is returned to the storage structure 51 through the return pipe 43 and the guide pipe 6 and enters the processing cycle of step S2 together with the fresh slurry.

[0036] This embodiment constructs an integrated slurry processing system that includes constant temperature storage, anti-settling stirring, multi-stage grinding, vacuum degassing, vibration homogenization, and closed-loop recycling of residual materials. It solves the problems of easy sedimentation, uneven particle size, air bubbles, numerous molding defects, and material waste in existing ceramic 3D printing slurries, effectively improving the printing accuracy and molding quality of ceramic molds. Example 2

[0037] The equipment structure in this embodiment is exactly the same as that in Embodiment 1. The difference is that it is adapted to the printing conditions of high-precision micro-structure ceramic molds and the process parameters are optimized in a targeted manner to improve the micro-forming accuracy and surface quality without changing the hardware structure.

[0038] In this embodiment, the constant temperature control unit maintains the slurry temperature stably between 25℃ and 30℃. This temperature range allows the micro-ceramic slurry to maintain optimal rheological stability, effectively preventing defects such as material breakage, accumulation, and burrs in fine printed lines due to viscosity fluctuations. The vibration unit 55 adopts a high-frequency, low-amplitude operating mode, with the operating frequency set to 150Hz to 200Hz and the amplitude set to 0.5mm to 1mm. High-frequency vibration efficiently removes micro-nano bubbles from the slurry, while small-amplitude vibration prevents the ultrafine particles from dispersing and stratifying, ensuring the overall fineness and uniformity of the slurry.

[0039] In this embodiment, a 300-mesh ultrafine filter screen (535) is used as the filter, which can effectively intercept trace coarse particles and ultrafine agglomerates. The variable frequency motor (532) uses a medium-to-high speed constant rotation to drive the double bevel gear (536) to mesh with the gear shaft (537) for grinding, further refining the slurry particles and controlling the particle size uniformity error within 5μm. The vacuum pump (538) adopts a low negative pressure continuous suction mode to specifically remove micro-bubbles and prevent pinholes, pits, and hazy surface defects from appearing on the high-precision mold forming surface.

[0040] This embodiment is applicable to the 3D printing of thin-walled, micro-structured, and ultra-high precision ceramic molds. It can significantly reduce the surface roughness of the molded surface, improve dimensional consistency, and the residual material recycling system can stably adapt to ultra-fine slurry. The performance of the recycled slurry does not decrease significantly, which can meet the needs of mass production of high-precision products. Example 3

[0041] The equipment structure in this embodiment is also consistent with that in Embodiment 1. The process parameters are adapted for the molding conditions of low-temperature workshop environment, high solid content, and high viscosity ceramic slurry to improve the environmental adaptability of the equipment and the versatility of the slurry.

[0042] In this embodiment, the constant temperature control unit maintains the slurry temperature at 30℃~35℃. By moderately increasing the temperature, the overall viscosity of the high-viscosity slurry is reduced, improving the problems of poor low-temperature fluidity and easy solidification and agglomeration, ensuring smooth slurry transportation, grinding, and discharge. The vibration unit 55 adopts a low-frequency, large-amplitude working mode, with the working frequency set to 50Hz~100Hz and the amplitude set to 2mm~3mm. Through large-amplitude strong disturbance combined with the shearing action of the wavy, rough pusher plate, the bottom sediment layer and the wall adhesion layer of the high-solids slurry are powerfully broken, solving the problem of easy settling and agglomeration of high-viscosity slurry.

[0043] In this embodiment, the control valve at the material frame 52 adopts a large opening and intermittent feeding logic to avoid the accumulation of high-viscosity slurry; the variable frequency motor 532 adopts a high torque and low speed drive mode to drive the double bevel gear 536 and the meshing gear shaft 537 to fully shear, disperse and homogenize the agglomerated slurry; at the same time, the vacuum suction pump 538 adopts a high flow rate suction mode to efficiently remove the encapsulated air bubbles that are not easy to overflow from the high-viscosity slurry.

[0044] This embodiment is adaptable to low-temperature working conditions in winter and mold printing operations using high-viscosity ceramic slurries such as high-solids-content alumina and zirconium oxide. It effectively solves the problems of poor low-temperature adaptability, uneven processing of high-viscosity slurries, easy pipe blockage, and high molding defect rate of traditional equipment, and greatly expands the applicable working conditions of the equipment.

[0045] It is worth noting that the three sets of embodiments share the unified hardware structure system of this invention. By differentiating process parameters, they are adapted to conventional general working conditions, high-precision micro-molding working conditions, and special working conditions of low temperature and high viscosity, respectively. Without exceeding the protection scope of the original technical solution, the adjustability, versatility, and working condition adaptability of the structure of this invention are fully verified. Compared with the existing ceramic 3D printing equipment with simple structure, fixed parameters, limited adaptability to various scenarios, and poor molding stability, this invention can flexibly adjust the constant temperature range, vibration parameters, and grinding conditions according to actual production needs, taking into account both general production and high-precision and special environment production needs. It effectively reduces the molding defect rate, improves product consistency, and reduces raw material waste, demonstrating outstanding technical advantages and engineering application value.

[0046] Although the invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims, all of which shall be within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device for ceramic mold processing, comprising a device body (1), a worktable (2) disposed in the middle of the device body (1), a spray gun (3) located above the worktable (2), a scraping and recycling mechanism (4) mounted on the surface of the spray gun (3), a slurry full-process processing structure (5) mounted on the surface of the device body (1), and a guide pipe (6) communicating with the scraping and recycling mechanism (4), characterized in that, The slurry processing structure (5) includes a mounting frame (50) and a processing unit. The processing unit includes a storage structure (51), a connecting frame (52) connected to the discharge end of the storage structure (51), a slurry reinforcement structure (53) located at the bottom of the connecting frame (52), a connecting plate (54) connecting the storage structure (51) and the slurry reinforcement structure (53), and a vibration unit (55) installed on the outer surface of the storage structure (51) and the slurry reinforcement structure (53). The storage structure (51) and the slurry reinforcement structure (53) are both equipped with constant temperature control units inside the barrel walls. The scraping and recycling mechanism (4) is movably sleeved on the outside of the spray gun (3). The scraping and recycling mechanism (4) includes a telescopic unit (41). A recycling frame (42) is installed on the lower surface of the telescopic end of the telescopic unit (41). An installation ring (44) is fixedly installed on the bottom inner edge of the recycling frame (42). A scraper (45) is installed on the installation ring (44), and the scraper (45) is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the spray gun (3). The recycling frame (42) is provided with a return pipe (43). The return pipe (43) is connected to the storage structure (51) through the guide pipe (6). The scraping and recycling mechanism (4) recovers the remaining material, which is then transported to the storage structure (51) through the guide pipe (6).

2. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage structure (51) includes a storage tank (511), with a feed inlet (512) at the top and a drive motor (513) fixedly installed thereon. The output end of the drive motor (513) is connected to a connecting rod (514) that extends into the storage tank (511). Two transverse mounting members (515) are symmetrically fixed on the connecting rod (514). Each transverse mounting member (515) has a movable ring (516) at its end. The movable ring (516) can slide against the inner wall of the storage tank (511). Support rods (517) are installed on the lower side of the mounting component (515). The support rods (517) are connected to L-shaped scraper plates (519) through the first telescopic rod (518). The L-shaped scraper plates (519) include a vertical part and a horizontal bottom. The upper end of the vertical part is connected to the first telescopic rod (518). The horizontal bottom is in contact with the inner bottom wall of the storage tank (511). The outer wall of the storage tank (511) is covered with a constant temperature jacket. The constant temperature jacket constitutes at least a part of the constant temperature control unit. The storage tank (511) is also equipped with an auxiliary anti-settling stirring component.

3. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary anti-settling mixing assembly includes a second telescopic rod (5110) installed on the support rod (517) and a pusher plate (5111) installed at the end of the second telescopic rod (5110); the pusher plate (5111) has a wave-shaped structure and its surface is a rough surface formed by sandblasting.

4. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both of the transverse mounting members (515) are equipped with bidirectional telescopic push rods, which are used to drive the support rod (517) to reciprocate along the length of the transverse mounting member (515); the free end of the horizontal bottom of the L-shaped scraper (519) is detachably connected to the connecting rod (514) through the mounting seat.

5. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control valve is installed at the connection between the upper part of the connecting frame (52) and the storage bucket (511).

6. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slurry reinforcement structure (53) includes an abrasive barrel (531), on which a variable frequency motor (532) is fixedly installed. The output end of the variable frequency motor (532) is connected to a rotating rod (533) extending into the abrasive barrel (531). The interior of the abrasive barrel (531) is divided into a pretreatment chamber, a meshing grinding chamber, and a guiding chamber from top to bottom. A set of parallel grinding shafts (534) are rotatably installed on the inner wall of the pretreatment chamber. A removable filter screen (535) is horizontally installed on the partition between the grinding chamber and the meshing grinding chamber. A double bevel gear (536) and a vacuum pump (538) are provided inside the meshing grinding chamber. The double bevel gear (536) is connected to the end of the rotating rod (533). A meshing gear shaft (537) is installed on the inner wall of the meshing grinding chamber at a position corresponding to the double bevel gear (536). The suction port of the vacuum pump (538) is connected to the inside of the meshing grinding chamber.

7. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration unit (55) is a high-frequency vibrator, and the vibration unit (55) is fixed on the outer wall of the storage structure (51) and the slurry reinforcement structure (53).

8. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the slurry reinforcement structure (53) is provided with a discharge port (56), which is connected to the spray gun (3) through the discharge pipe (57). The outer walls of the discharge port (56), the discharge pipe (57) and the guide pipe (6) are all provided with a light-proof and heat-insulating layer.

9. The 3D printing equipment for ceramic mold processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature control unit controls the slurry temperature within the range of 20℃ to 35℃; the vibration unit (55) operates at a frequency of 50Hz to 200Hz and has an amplitude of 0.5mm to 3mm.

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