Filter unit, filter device, screen changer and method for manufacturing a filter unit for an extruder device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610929227.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-02-24
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-18
AI Technical Summary
由此，会出现支撑篮的弯曲或甚至断裂
[0030] This invention can significantly reduce pressure loss. It can increase flow rate. It can improve the stability and/or strength of the support, especially during operation. The support or its wall sections can have thinner walls compared to known supports. It can prevent deposits on the inner surfaces and simplify cleaning. It can improve the process reliability of the manufacturing method. It can improve chip removal and/or processing time.
Smart Images
Figure CN122584638A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a filter unit for an extruder. Furthermore, this invention relates to a filter device for an extruder and a screen changing device thereof. This invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a filter unit. Background Technology
[0002] Typically, especially in the polyolefin sector, plastic melts are guided through a screen changer, either by process steps or by extrusion, to filter out impurity particles before granulation. The screen changer utilizes a filtration device with a filter element holding plate and multiple support baskets containing filter elements.
[0003] For example, document DE 2 119 545 discloses a filtering mechanism for an extruder, the filtering mechanism having a long filter screen and a perforated retaining plate arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the plastic melt for the filter screen. The filter screen is in the form of a hollow column with an opening at the end, and includes an outer support basket made of metal wire and an inner filter screen basket made of filter fabric, the outer support basket having a flange at its open end for retaining in the support plate, and the inner filter screen basket having a flange for retaining in the support basket.
[0004] However, known support baskets suffer from drawbacks, including high pressure loss and low stability or insufficient strength during operation. Particularly during movement or replacement, the support baskets are subjected to intense bending loads due to their thin walls, potentially leading to bending or even breakage. Furthermore, known filter units cause significant pressure drops or differentials in the molten plastic, thus limiting the flow rate through the filter. Deposits also form on the inner side of the support basket, adversely affecting molten plastic flow. Moreover, cleaning current support baskets, such as those using pyrolysis, is extremely costly and carries the risk that individual components may become twisted or even loosen during subsequent operation. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The objective of this invention is to improve the filter unit mentioned at the beginning in terms of structure and / or function. Furthermore, the objective of this invention is to improve the filter device and its screen changing device mentioned at the beginning in terms of structure and / or function. Additionally, the objective of this invention is to improve the method mentioned at the beginning for manufacturing such a filter unit in terms of function.
[0006] The present invention aims, in particular, to provide a filter unit, a filter device, and a screen changing device that can reduce or eliminate the problems associated with the prior art.
[0007] This objective is achieved by a filtering unit having the features of claim 1. Furthermore, this objective is achieved by a filtering device having the features of claim 11 and a screen changing device having the features of claim 12. Additionally, this objective is achieved by a method having the features of claim 13. Advantageous embodiments and / or improvements are the subject of the dependent claims.
[0008] Filtering units can be used or constructed for extrusion equipment and / or filtration devices and / or screen changing devices. Filtering units can be constructed for and / or defined for filtering plastic melts.
[0009] The filter unit may have a support body. The support body may have hollow cylindrical wall sections. The support body may have a bottom section. The bottom section may be connected to the wall sections. The support body may have and / or define a central longitudinal axis. The central longitudinal axis may be, in particular, the axis of symmetry of the support body. The central longitudinal axis may extend in the longitudinal direction of the support body. The support body may, in particular, be rotationally symmetric about its central longitudinal axis. The support body may define an inner cavity. The wall sections and / or the bottom section may define the inner cavity. The hollow cylindrical wall sections may have multiple through-holes leading into the inner cavity. The through-holes may extend in a radial direction relative to the central longitudinal axis. The through-holes may be evenly distributed around the support body or its wall sections. All through-holes leading into the inner cavity in the wall sections may have the same diameter. The diameter of the through-holes may be between 2 mm and 5 mm, particularly between 3 mm and 4 mm, for example, 3.5 mm. The through-holes in the wall sections may have different diameters. The wall sections may, in particular, be constructed opposite the bottom section for discharge ports for the plastic melt. The bottom section can be located on the upstream side of the support. The drain hole can be located on the downstream side of the support. The support can be constructed as a hollow column with open ends. The wall section and the bottom section can be constructed or manufactured as a single piece and / or a single component, i.e., constructed or manufactured from a single component or a single piece.
[0010] The filter unit may have an extrusion element for extruding, particularly through through-holes, molten plastic entering the inner cavity, especially in a direction substantially along the central longitudinal axis. The extrusion element may be an extrusion body. The extrusion element may be an extrusion section. The extrusion element and support may be constructed or manufactured as a single piece and / or a single component, i.e., constructed or manufactured from a single component or piece.
[0011] The expulsion element can be arranged or constructed in the cavity and / or on the bottom section. The expulsion element and the bottom section can be constructed or manufactured as a single piece and / or a single component, i.e., constructed or manufactured from a single component or piece. The expulsion element can be arranged on the upstream side of the support. The expulsion element can be arranged on the side of the bottom section facing the cavity. The expulsion element can extend from the bottom section into the cavity. The expulsion element can have a base surface. The base surface can be the bottom section and / or defined by the bottom section. The expulsion element can be arranged or constructed cocentrically with the central longitudinal axis. The expulsion element can taper from the bottom section toward the cavity and / or the central longitudinal axis.
[0012] The displacement element can be at least partially constructed as a basic cone and / or a cone. The displacement element can be at least partially constructed as a basic partially cone. The displacement element can be at least partially constructed as a basic sphere or a partially spherical shape. The base surface of the displacement element can be formed and / or defined by a bottom segment. The displacement element can be substantially constructed as a cone, a cone, or a truncated cone. The displacement element can be substantially constructed as a hemisphere.
[0013] Exclusion elements may have faces and / or profiles, such as circumferential faces and / or circumferential profiles. Faces and / or profiles may have one or more face segments and / or profile segments, such as circumferential face segments and / or circumferential profile segments. One or more face segments or profile segments may taper in the direction of the central longitudinal axis, for example, tapering. One or more face segments or profile segments may extend and / or be oriented at an angle relative to the central longitudinal axis in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. The angle may be a conical angle or a semi-conical angle. Faces and / or profiles, or one or more face segments or profile segments, may be constructed concentrically with the central longitudinal axis. Faces and / or profiles, or one or more face segments or profile segments, may have or define multiple diameters, particularly decreasing in the axial direction, i.e., in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. Multiple face segments or profile segments may extend and / or be oriented at different angles relative to the central longitudinal axis. The angle of radially outward face segments or profile segments may be greater than the angle of radially inward face segments or profile segments. The angles of multiple surface segments or profile segments can decrease in the axial direction, i.e., in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. Variations in angle can produce desired effects on the flow characteristics and / or rheological properties of the plastic flow or plastic melt. The angles can be between approximately 30° and 90° relative to the central longitudinal axis, particularly between approximately 50° and 88°, for example, approximately 50.7°, 63°, or 87°.
[0014] The support and displacement elements can be made of substantially non-weldable steel, such as alloy steel, high-alloy steel, or heat-resistant tool steel. The steel can be high-strength, high-toughness, and / or high-heat-resistant. For example, the steel can be material 1.23xx.
[0015] The through-holes can be through holes. The support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections can have or define an effective filtration area. The effective filtration area can be the total area of all through-holes or all cross-sectional areas of the through-holes. The effective filtration area can be the product of the number of through-holes and the cross-sectional area of the through-holes. All through-holes can have the same cross-sectional area. The support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections can have or define a circumferential surface, particularly the outer surface. The through-holes can be distributed on the circumferential surface, for example, distributed in multiple rows around the circumferential surface. The through-holes can be uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface. The circumferential surface can be defined by the diameter, particularly the outer diameter, of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections. The circumferential surface can be defined by the length of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections, particularly the length in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. The ratio of the effective filtration area to the circumferential surface of the support (particularly the circumferential surface of the wall sections of the support) can be about 0.15 to 0.65, particularly about 0.25 to 0.5, preferably about 0.38.
[0016] The support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections may have or define a wall thickness or width, for example, measured in the radial direction. The wall thickness may be, for example, from about 2 mm to 4 mm, preferably about 3 mm or 3.5 mm. The ratio of the square of the diameter, especially the outer diameter, of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections to the length of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections, especially the length in the direction of the central longitudinal axis, may be from about 5 to 20, especially from about 10 to 16, for example, about 10.7 or 15.5. The diameter, especially the outer diameter, of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections may be between about 40 mm and 70 mm, preferably about 50 mm or 60 mm. The length of the support and / or its hollow cylindrical wall sections may be between about 200 mm and 300 mm, preferably between about 200 mm and 250 mm, for example, about 230 mm. The diameter of the support (especially the wall section of the support), such as the square of the outer diameter, is in a certain proportion to the length of the support (especially the wall section of the support), especially in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. The ratio of the wall thickness of the support (especially the wall section of the support) to this proportion can be about 0.1 to 0.6, especially about 0.2 to 0.3, preferably about 0.25.
[0017] The support body may also have a retaining section. The retaining section may be configured to secure the filter unit to the filter support. The retaining section may be configured on the downstream side of the support body. The retaining section may have threads, such as external threads, or at least one locking element, such as a locking nose. The filter unit may have a cover element. The filter unit may have at least one filter element. The cover element may be configured to retain and / or secure at least one filter element to the support body. The cover element may be fixedly connected to the support body, for example, to the bottom section and / or the extrusion element, for example, in a removable manner, especially a threaded connection. The cover element may be configured to surround a wall section or its circumference. The cover element may have a diameter, such as an inner diameter, larger than the diameter of the support body or its wall section, especially an outer diameter. At least one filter element may be arranged around the support body, especially around a wall section or its circumference, for example, fitted onto or wrapped around it. The filter element may be filter felt or filter fabric. The filter element may be a grid, filter screen, or mesh. Filter elements may have multiple filter felts, filter fabrics, grids, and / or screens, which may be arranged, for example, overlapping each other or sequentially in the radial direction. The grids and / or screens may have the same or different grid sizes and / or grid widths and / or grid openings. The grids and / or screens may be made of metal and / or plastic. Filter felts or filter fabrics may be made of fibers, such as plastic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, natural fibers, or mixtures thereof.
[0018] The filter device can be used or constructed for extrusion equipment and / or screen changing devices. The filter device may have a filter support. The cross-section of the filter support may be circular. The filter support may be substantially disc-shaped. The filter support may have a central longitudinal axis. The central longitudinal axis may extend in the conveying direction. The filter support may have multiple support through-holes, particularly extending in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. A first set of support through-holes may be arranged co-centered with the central longitudinal axis. A group (e.g., six) of second support through-holes may be arranged along a first circle. The first circle may be co-centered with the central longitudinal axis. The second support through-holes may be evenly distributed along the first circle. Another group (e.g., twelve) of third support through-holes may be arranged along a second circle. The second circle may be co-centered with the central longitudinal axis. The second circle may surround the first circle. The third set of support through-holes may be evenly distributed along the second circle.
[0019] The filtration device may have at least one, and in particular multiple, filter units. In the region of the support through-hole, the filter units may be detachably fastened and / or secured to the filter support. The support through-hole may each have a retaining section constructed complementary to the retaining section of the filter unit. The retaining section of the filter through-hole may each have threads, such as internal threads, which are complementary to the threads of the filter unit, such as external threads. The retaining section of the support through-hole may each have a locking element, such as a locking nose, complementary to the locking element for fastening the filter unit. The filter units may be arranged upstream of the filter support in the conveying direction. All filter units may be constructed identically. The filter units may be constructed as described above and / or as described below.
[0020] Screen changing devices can be used or constructed for extruder equipment. A screen changing device may have a housing and at least one melt channel extending within the housing. For example, a screen changing device may have two melt channels extending within the housing, which respectively enter or transition into a common channel at an upstream melt inlet and a downstream melt outlet.
[0021] At least one melt channel is configured to guide the plastic melt produced in the extruder.
[0022] The screen changing device may have at least one guide hole that is transverse to at least one melt channel and extends through the melt channel within the housing. The at least one guide hole may extend transversely to, for example, substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and / or traverse the at least one melt channel. The screen changing device may have at least one shifting element disposed in the at least one guide hole. The at least one shifting element may be plate-shaped or cylindrical. The screen changing device may have at least one actuating actuator. The at least one shifting element may be shifted transversely to, for example, substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and / or transversely to, for example, substantially perpendicular to the at least one melt channel by means of at least one actuating actuator. The at least one actuating actuator may, for example, be configured as hydraulic and / or electromechanical.
[0023] The screen changing device may have at least two filter devices arranged spaced apart (e.g., replaceably) and / or supported on at least one shifting element. The filter devices may be constructed as described above and / or as described below. Two through-holes may be constructed in at least one shifting element. The filter devices may be supported and / or replaceably secured in the two receiving holes, respectively. The two receiving holes may be spaced apart transversely, for example substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and / or transversely, for example substantially perpendicular to at least one melt channel, such that when one of the filter devices is located in the melt channel, the other filter device is located outside the housing.
[0024] The extruder may include a screen changing device. The screen changing device may be constructed as described above and / or below. The extruder may include an extruder, such as a twin-screw extruder. The screen changing device may be arranged downstream of the extruder in the conveying direction. The extruder may include a granulating device. The granulating device may be constructed for and / or defined for granulating bundles of plastic material. A filter device may be arranged upstream of the granulating device in the conveying direction.
[0025] A method can be used to manufacture a filter unit. The method can be used to manufacture the filter units described above and / or below.
[0026] The method may include the following steps: creating blind holes in steel billets, particularly cylindrical ones, such as substantially non-weldable steel billets. The creation of blind holes can be achieved by drilling and / or milling and / or etching and / or turning and / or other machining methods. The creation of blind holes can also be understood as the machining of blind holes. The creation of blind holes, for example, drilling and / or milling, can be performed along a central longitudinal axis. The drilling and / or milling of blind holes can be pre-drilling and / or pre-milling. Etching or turning can be pre-etching or pre-turning.
[0027] The method may include the following steps: fabricating a displacement element inside the blind hole, particularly at or within the bottom (or base) of the blind hole. The fabrication of the displacement element may be achieved by drilling and / or milling and / or etching and / or turning and / or other machining methods. The fabrication of the displacement element can also be understood as the machining of the displacement element. The fabrication of the blind hole and the displacement element may be performed in one step or in successive steps. Drilling and / or milling may be performed in a single operation.
[0028] The method may include the following steps: enlarging a blind hole, particularly by cutting. Enlarging a blind hole can be achieved by reaming, for example, by grinding and / or drilling and / or turning. Reaming can be achieved, for example, by using a reamer. Drilling and / or turning can be achieved, for example, by using a boring bar. Turning can be achieved, for example, by using a turning tool. Enlarging, particularly reaming and / or drilling and / or turning, can be performed in a vibration-damped manner. The reamer and / or boring bar and / or turning tool can be vibration-damped. Enlarging a blind hole may include and / or adjusting and / or improving, for example, surface roughness and / or quality. Enlarging a blind hole can be performed before and / or after manufacturing the extrusion element. Reaming and / or drilling and / or turning can be performed in a single operation. Before enlarging, the blind hole may be flushed.
[0029] The fabrication of extrusion elements, such as drilling and / or milling, can be accomplished using a boring bar. The boring bar may have a tapered drill bit or be constructed in this manner. The boring bar may have at least one insert, such as an indexable insert. The boring bar may have 1 to 10 inserts, for example 2 to 7, particularly 3 to 5. The number of inserts can be even or odd. At least one insert or indexable insert may have a substantially angular and / or circular shape, such as a substantially square, rectangular, and / or triangular shape. The boring bar or tapered drill bit may have a geometry at its end related to the face and / or profile of the extrusion element, such as a geometry substantially complementary to the extrusion element. At least one insert may have a geometry related to the face and / or profile of the extrusion element. The boring bar may have a number of inserts, such as indexable inserts. The number of inserts may be related to the face and / or profile of the extrusion element. The number of blades may correspond to the number of face segments or contour segments of the extrusion element, or may correspond to twice the number of face segments or contour segments of the extrusion element. The number of blades may be and / or include 1 to 10 blades, for example 2 to 7 blades, especially 3 to 5 blades. The blades may have and / or define the angles of the face segments or contour segments.
[0030] This invention can significantly reduce pressure loss. It can increase flow rate. It can improve the stability and / or strength of the support, especially during operation. The support or its wall sections can have thinner walls compared to known supports. It can prevent deposits on the inner surfaces and simplify cleaning. It can improve the process reliability of the manufacturing method. It can improve chip removal and / or processing time. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are shown schematically and exemplaryly herein:
[0032] Figure 1 This is a side view of the filter unit;
[0033] Figure 2 It is based on Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the filter unit along AA;
[0034] Figure 3 It is based on Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the filter unit along BB;
[0035] Figure 4 It is based on Figure 1 Front view of the filter unit;
[0036] Figure 5 It is based on Figure 1 and Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view of the filter unit along the EE;
[0037] Figure 6 It is based on Figure 1 and Figure 5 Details of the filter unit Figure X ;
[0038] Figure 7 This is a 3D view of the filtration device;
[0039] Figure 8 It is based on Figure 7 A side view of the filter device;
[0040] Figure 9 It is based on Figure 7 Front view of the filter device;
[0041] Figure 10 It is based on Figure 7 and Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the filter device along AA;
[0042] Figure 11 This is a 3D view of the screen-changing device;
[0043] Figure 12 It is based on Figure 11 A top view of the screen switching device;
[0044] Figure 13 It is based on Figure 11 Rear view of the screen switching device;
[0045] Figure 14 It is based on Figure 11 and Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of the screen-changing device along AA; and
[0046] Figure 15 This is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a filter unit. Detailed Implementation
[0047] Figures 1 to 6 Different views of a filter unit 100 for filtering molten plastic are shown. The filter unit 100 has a support body 102 having a hollow cylindrical wall section 104 and a bottom section 106 connected thereto. The support body 102 has a central longitudinal axis 108 and defines an inner cavity 110. The hollow cylindrical wall section 104 has a plurality of through holes 112 opening into the inner cavity 110 and is configured with discharge holes 114 for molten plastic opposite to the bottom section 106. All the through holes 112 of the wall section 104 opening into the inner cavity 110 have the same aperture 120. In this embodiment, the through holes 112 are configured as through holes 112.
[0048] The bottom section 106 is located on the upstream side of the support 102. Figure 1(right side of the support body 102), and the discharge hole 114 is arranged on the downstream side of the support body 102. Figure 1 (Left side of the image). Filter elements, such as filter felt (in...) Figures 1 to 6 (Not shown) Arranged around wall section 104, for example, fitted onto wall section 104. The plastic melt is extruded through the filter element, then enters the inner cavity 110 through through hole 112, and then flows in the inner cavity to the discharge hole, and is discharged there.
[0049] The ratio of the effective filtration area to the perimeter area of the outer wall section 104 of the support 102 is approximately 0.15 to 0.65, particularly approximately 0.25 to 0.5, and preferably approximately 0.38. The effective filtration area is the total area of all through-holes 112 or the total area of all cross-sectional areas 118 of the through-holes 112. Therefore, since all through-holes 112 have the same aperture 120, the effective filtration area can be calculated or defined by multiplying the number of through-holes 112 by the cross-sectional area 118 of the through-holes 112.
[0050] The square of the diameter 124 (e.g., outer diameter 124) of the wall section 104 of the support 102 is proportional to the length 126 of the wall section 104 of the support 102 in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 108, and the ratio of the wall thickness 122 of the wall section 104 of the support 102 to this ratio is about 0.1 to 0.6, especially about 0.2 to 0.3, preferably about 0.25.
[0051] The filter unit 100 also includes a discharging element 116, which is used to discharge molten plastic entering the inner cavity 110 through the through-hole 112 substantially in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 108. (As in...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As can be seen, the extrusion element 116 and the support 102 are constructed as a single piece and are manufactured from a single component or part. In order to manufacture the single-piece support 102 with the extrusion element 116, a steel that is essentially non-weldable is used, especially alloy steel, such as high-alloy heat-resistant tool steel.
[0052] The expulsion element 116 is arranged or constructed in the cavity 110 and on the bottom. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion element 116 is at least partially constructed as a basic cone shape, wherein the base surface of the extrusion element 116 is formed by the bottom section 106. To enable uniform flow of the plastic melt, as in... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the extrusion element 116 is arranged or constructed co-centered with the central longitudinal axis 108.
[0053] The extrusion element 116 also includes a peripheral surface 128 or a peripheral profile 128 having multiple peripheral surface segments 130a, 130b, 130c or peripheral contour segments 130a, 130b, 130c. The peripheral surface segments 130a, 130b, 130c or peripheral contour segments 130a, 130b, 130c taper substantially in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 108 and extend obliquely relative to the central longitudinal axis 108 at different angles 132a, 132b, 132c, wherein the radially outward angles of the peripheral surface segments 130a, 130b, 130c or peripheral contour segments 130a, 130b, 130c are greater than the angles of the radially inward angles of the peripheral surface segments 130a, 130b, 130c or peripheral contour segments 130a, 130b, 130c. According to... Figure 5 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the radially outward circumferential segment 130c or circumferential contour segment 130c has a larger angle 132c relative to the central longitudinal axis 108 than the two more radially inward circumferential segments 130a, 130b or circumferential contour segments 130a, 130b. The radially inward circumferential segment 130a or circumferential contour segment 130a has a smaller angle 132a relative to the central longitudinal axis 108 than the two more radially outward circumferential segments 130b, 130c or circumferential contour segments 130b, 130c. Thus, the circumferential surface or contour of the expulsion element 116 is specifically adapted to achieve optimal flow and further guidance of the filtered plastic melt toward the discharge orifice 114 in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 108. By selecting appropriate angles 132a, 132b, 132c, the flow characteristics and rheological properties of the plastic melt can be optimally adjusted, especially to prevent product deposition at the inflow side. By appropriately selecting angles 132a, 132b, and 132c, the ability to remove debris during the manufacturing process can also be improved.
[0054] The support 102 also has a retaining section 134 on its downstream side, configured to secure the filter unit 100 to the filter support. The retaining section 134 may, for example, have external threads complementary to the threads of the filter support (in...). Figures 1 to 6 (not shown in the image), allowing the support 102 to be threadedly connected to the filter support.
[0055] Figures 7 to 10 Different views of a filter device 200 are shown. The filter device is configured to filter molten plastic and is used in a screen changing device. The filter device 200 has a filter support 202, which has a central longitudinal axis 204 and a plurality of support through holes 206 extending in the direction of the central longitudinal axis 204 (e.g., ...). Figure 10(As shown). In the region of the support through-hole 206, the filter units 100 are detachably fastened to the filter support 202, in particular by means of the retaining section 134 of the filter unit 100 being screwed into the internal thread 208. The filter unit 100 is constructed as described above and / or as described below. Filter elements 210, such as filter felt 210, are respectively fitted onto the support body 102 of the filter unit 100, and the filter elements are fixed to the corresponding wall sections 104 of the support body 102 by means of cover elements 212. The cover elements 212 can be threaded to the support body 102, for example to its bottom section 106 and / or the expulsion element 116.
[0056] like Figure 9 As shown, the filter support 202 has a circular cross-section. The central longitudinal axis 204 of the support extends in the conveying direction and is parallel to the central longitudinal axis 108 of the filter unit 100, as shown. Figure 8 and Figure 10 As shown. The first support through-hole 206 is arranged co-centered with the support's central longitudinal axis 204. A group (here, six) of the second support through-holes 206 are arranged along a first circle co-centered with the support's central longitudinal axis 204, wherein the second support through-holes 206 are evenly distributed along the first circle. Another group (here, twelve) of the third support through-holes 206 are arranged along a second circle co-centered with the support's central longitudinal axis 204, wherein the second circle surrounds the first circle. The third support through-holes 206 are also evenly distributed along the second circle.
[0057] In addition, please refer to the following supplementary information. Figures 1 to 6 And its explanation.
[0058] Figures 7 to 10 Different views of a screen changing device 300 for an extruder are shown. The screen changing device 300 has a housing 302 and two melt channels 304 extending within the housing 302. These melt channels open into or transition into a common inlet channel 306 or outlet channel 308 at an upstream melt inlet and a downstream melt outlet, respectively. The screen changing device 300 also has two guide holes 310, which extend transversely to, for example substantially perpendicularly to, the respective melt channels 304 and extend through the melt channels within the housing 302. The guide holes 310 also extend transversely to, for example substantially perpendicularly to, the conveying direction.
[0059] The screen changing device 300 has two cylindrical shifting elements 312, each of which is displaceably supported in a guide hole 310. The screen changing device 300 also includes an actuating actuator 314 configured to independently shift the shifting elements 312 laterally, for example substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction, and laterally, for example substantially perpendicular to the corresponding melt channel 304. At least one actuating actuator 314 may be configured, for example, hydraulically and / or electromechanically.
[0060] According to Figures 11 to 14 In this embodiment, the screen changing device 300 includes four filtering devices 200. The filtering devices 200 are constructed as described above and / or below. Two filtering devices 200 are respectively arranged spaced apart from each other on the shifting element 312. For this purpose, two through receiving holes 316 are respectively constructed in the shifting element 312, in which the filtering devices 200 are supported and / or replaceably secured. The two receiving holes are spaced apart transversely, for example substantially perpendicular to the conveying direction and transversely, for example substantially perpendicular to the corresponding melt channel 304, such that when a corresponding filtering device 200 is located in the melt channel 304, the corresponding other filtering device 200 is located outside the housing 302.
[0061] In addition, please refer to the following supplementary information. Figures 1 to 10 And its explanation.
[0062] Figure 15 A flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a filter unit 100 is shown schematically.
[0063] In step S1, blind holes are drilled and / or milled in steel billets, particularly cylindrical ones, such as substantially non-weldable steel billets. The drilling and / or milling of the blind holes is performed along the central longitudinal axis 108.
[0064] In step S2, a blind hole is reamed, for example, by means of a reamer, such as a reamer. The blind hole can be flushed before reaming.
[0065] In step S3, the discharge element 116 is drilled and / or milled inside the blind hole, particularly at the bottom or base of the blind hole. The discharge element 116 can be drilled and / or milled using a boring bar. The boring bar may have a tapered drill bit or be constructed in this manner. The boring bar may have at least one insert, such as an indexable insert. The at least one insert may have a geometry relating to the face and / or profile of the discharge element 116. The boring bar may have a number of inserts, such as indexable inserts. The number of inserts may relate to the face and / or profile of the discharge element 116. The number of inserts may correspond to the number of face segments or profile segments of the discharge element 116 or twice that number. For example, the boring bar may have 1 to 10 inserts, particularly 2 to 7 inserts, preferably 3 to 5 inserts. The number of inserts may be even or odd. The inserts may have and / or define angles 132a, 132b, 132c of the face segments or profile segments.
[0066] In addition, please refer to the following supplementary information. Figures 1 to 14 And its explanation.
[0067] The word "may" specifically indicates optional features of the invention. Therefore, there are also improvements and / or embodiments of the invention that additionally or alternatively have one or more corresponding features.
[0068] From the currently disclosed combination of features, separate features may also be selected when necessary and combined with other features to define the subject matter of the claims, provided that structural and / or functional associations exist between said features as required. The order and / or number of method steps may vary.
[0069] List of reference numerals
[0070] 100 filter units
[0071] 102 Supports
[0072] 104 Wall Section
[0073] 106 bottom section
[0074] 108 Central longitudinal axis
[0075] 110 inner cavity
[0076] 112 through hole
[0077] 114 Discharge Hole
[0078] 116 Extrusion Components
[0079] 118 cross section
[0080] 120 aperture
[0081] 122 wall thickness
[0082] 124 outer diameter
[0083] 216 length
[0084] 128 facets / circle profile
[0085] 130a Peripheral Section / Peripheral Profile Section
[0086] 130b Peripheral Section / Peripheral Profile Section
[0087] 130c peripheral section / peripheral contour section
[0088] 132a angle
[0089] 132b angle
[0090] 132c angle
[0091] 134 Maintaining Section
[0092] 136 external thread
[0093] 200 filtration unit
[0094] 202 Filter Support
[0095] 204 Support Center Longitudinal Axis
[0096] 206 support through hole
[0097] 208 internal thread
[0098] 210 filter element
[0099] 212 cover element
[0100] 300 network switching device
[0101] 302 housing
[0102] 304 melt channel
[0103] Entrance Channel 306
[0104] 308 Exit Channel
[0105] 310 guide hole
[0106] 312 shift element
[0107] 314 Operating Drive
[0108] 316 receiving hole
[0109] Drilling and / or milling of S1 blind holes
[0110] S2 blind hole reamer
[0111] Drilling and / or milling of S3 extrusion elements
Claims
1. A filter unit (100) for an extruder, comprising: A support (102) having a hollow cylindrical wall section (104) and a bottom section (106) connected thereto, wherein the support (102) has a central longitudinal axis (108) and defines an inner cavity (110), wherein the hollow cylindrical wall section (104) has a plurality of through holes (112) opening into the inner cavity (110), and is configured opposite to the bottom section (106) for discharge holes (114) for plastic melt; and An extrusion element (116) is used to expel plastic melt, particularly through the through-hole (112), into the inner cavity (110) in a direction substantially along the central longitudinal axis (108). The extrusion element (116) and the support (102) are constructed or manufactured as single pieces.
2. The filter unit (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion element (116) is arranged or constructed in the cavity (110) and / or on the bottom section (106).
3. The filtering unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The extrusion element (116) is at least partially constructed as a basic conical and / or conical and / or partially conical and / or spherical and / or partially spherical shape, and / or wherein the base surface of the extrusion element (116) is formed and / or defined by the bottom section (106).
4. The filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The extrusion element (116) is arranged or constructed co-centered with the central longitudinal axis (108).
5. The filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The extrusion element (116) has a face (128) and / or a profile (128), such as a circumferential face and / or a circumferential profile, having one or more face segments (130a, 130b, 130c) and / or profile segments (130a, 130b, 130c), such as circumferential face segments and / or circumferential profile segments, wherein one or more face segments (130a, 130b, 130c) or profile segments (130a, 130b, 130c) taper particularly tapering in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (108), and / or extend obliquely and / or relative to the central longitudinal axis (108) at an angle (132a, 132b, 132c).
6. The filter unit (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, Multiple face segments (130a, 130b, 130c) or contour segments (130a, 130b, 130c) extend obliquely and / or relative to the central longitudinal axis (108) at different angles (132a, 132b, 132c), wherein the angle (132a, 132b, 132c) of the radially outward face segments (130a, 130b, 130c) or contour segments (130a, 130b, 130c) is greater than the angle (132a, 132b, 132c) of the radially inward face segments (130a, 130b, 130c) or contour segments (130a, 130b, 130c).
7. The filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, All the through holes (112) in the wall section (104) leading into the inner cavity (110) have the same diameter (120).
8. The filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The support (102) and the extrusion element (116) are made of steel that is essentially non-weldable, especially alloy steel, such as high-alloy heat-resistant tool steel.
9. The filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The ratio of the effective filtration area to the periphery of the support (102), especially the periphery of the wall section (104) of the support (102), is about 0.15 to 0.65, especially about 0.25 to 0.5, preferably about 0.
38.
10. The filtering unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The square of the diameter (124), for example the outer diameter (124), of the support (102), especially the wall section (104) of the support (102), is proportional to the length (126) of the support (102), especially the wall section (104), particularly in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (108). The ratio of the wall thickness (122) of the support (102), especially the wall section (104), to the said ratio is about 0.1 to 0.6, especially about 0.2 to 0.3, preferably about 0.
25.
11. A filter device (200) for an extruder, comprising a filter support (202) having a central longitudinal axis (204) and a plurality of support through holes (206) extending in the direction of the central longitudinal axis (204), wherein, In the region of the support through hole (206), the filter unit (100) according to at least one of the preceding claims is detachably fixed and / or can be fixed to the filter support (202).
12. A screen changing device (300) for an extruder, comprising: Housing (302); At least one melt channel (304) extending in the shell (302); At least one guide hole (310) extending transversely to at least one melt channel (304) and through the melt channel in the housing (302). At least one shifting element (312) disposed in at least one guide hole (310); and At least two filter devices (200) according to claim 11 are arranged at intervals and / or supported on at least one shifting element (312).
13. A method for manufacturing a filter unit (100) for an extruder, the filter unit being, in particular, a filter unit (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, the method comprising: Blind holes are made in steel billets, especially in cylindrical steel billets, and especially in steel billets that are essentially non-weldable. as well as (S3) Extrusion element (116) is manufactured inside the blind hole, especially at the bottom or base of the blind hole or in the bottom or base of the blind hole.
14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The blind hole and the extrusion element (116) are manufactured in one step or in successive steps.
15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, Before and / or after manufacturing the extrusion element (116), the blind hole is enlarged, especially by cutting, such as reaming (S2), drilling or turning.
16. The method according to at least one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The extrusion element (S3) is manufactured by means of a boring bar having at least one insert, such as an indexable insert, and / or wherein at least one insert has a geometry relating to the face and / or profile of the extrusion element (116).
17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The boring bar has a certain number of cutting tools, such as indexable cutting tools, the number of cutting tools being related to the face and / or profile of the extrusion element (116), and / or the number of cutting tools being consistent with the number of face segments or profile segments of the extrusion element (116) or twice the number of such segments, and / or the boring bar having 1 to 10 cutting tools, especially 2 to 7 cutting tools, preferably 3 to 5 cutting tools.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
DE2119545A1