Air conditioning heating control method and related device

Abstract

This invention discloses an air conditioning heating control method and related device, relating to the field of thermal management technology. During vehicle charging, upon receiving an instruction to switch from cooling mode to heating mode, an air conditioning mode switching request is sent to the vehicle controller. The controller obtains the heating compensation mode activation instruction, the current battery temperature change rate within a preset time before mode switching, and the current charging power change trend. The heating compensation mode is activated according to the activation instruction. Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated. After preheating using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism, the system switches to heating mode and adjusts the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window. This invention employs a dual-mechanism coordinated control of dynamic power window estimation and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating, achieving a balance between battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs during the vehicle's air conditioning switch from cooling mode to heating mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal management technology, and more specifically, to an air conditioning heating control method and related apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] During vehicle charging, both the powertrain and air conditioning systems rely on the high-voltage battery pack for energy. The charging process is affected by internal resistance-induced heat generation and dynamic fluctuations in charging current, leading to an increase in battery temperature. The Battery Management System (BMS), with battery safety as its core objective, needs to maintain the battery temperature stably within a safe range (typically 15°C–35°C), thus significantly consuming the available power of the heat pump system or PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater. Simultaneously, when the air conditioning switches from cooling to heating mode, if the vehicle is in a low-temperature environment (ambient temperature below 5°C) and the battery temperature is close to the temperature control limit (e.g., 35°C), the high battery temperature will trigger power current limiting protection. This can cause the heat pump compressor to fail to start due to power limitation, or the PTC to have insufficient output power due to current allocation being cut off, resulting in heating failure in the passenger compartment.

[0003] According to data from the China Automotive Engineering Research Institute's winter 2023 tests, the heating failure rate of in-vehicle air conditioning can reach 37% in low-temperature environments in northern China. Among these failures, 82% occurred within five minutes of switching the air conditioning from cooling to heating mode. This type of malfunction is highly coupled with the rapid rise in battery temperature to above 30°C. Currently, most mainstream automakers employ control logics that either disable heating when the battery temperature exceeds 30°C or use a fixed power allocation strategy. This makes it difficult to balance battery thermal management with the heating needs of the air conditioning, easily leading to abnormal heating functions in low-temperature charging scenarios and a decline in the user experience.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide an air conditioning heating control method that takes into account both battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention discloses an air conditioning heating control method and related device to achieve both battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode.

[0006] An air conditioning heating control method, comprising:

[0007] When the vehicle is charging, when it receives a command to switch the air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode, it sends an air conditioner mode switching request to the vehicle controller.

[0008] The vehicle controller obtains the heating compensation mode activation command, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch. The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives the air conditioning mode switch request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions.

[0009] The heating compensation mode is activated according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend.

[0010] The air conditioner is preheated using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism;

[0011] After preheating is complete, the air conditioner is switched to heating mode, and the heating power of the air conditioner is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window.

[0012] Optionally, based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated, including:

[0013] From the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the air conditioner maximum power limit, determine the air conditioner maximum power limit that matches the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend;

[0014] The power range formed by the matched maximum power limit of the air conditioner and the set minimum power limit of the air conditioner is used as the dynamic power window.

[0015] Optionally, based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated, including:

[0016] Obtain the battery state of charge sent by the vehicle controller after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request;

[0017] Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, the initial dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated.

[0018] Based on the state of charge range of the battery, a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window is determined;

[0019] The initial dynamic power window is corrected according to the correction strategy to obtain the dynamic power window.

[0020] Optionally, a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window is determined based on the state of charge range of the battery, including:

[0021] When the battery state of charge is in the low state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to increase the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0022] When the battery state of charge is in the high state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to reduce the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0023] When the battery state of charge is in the intermediate state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to keep the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window unchanged.

[0024] Optionally, the air conditioner is preheated using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism, including:

[0025] Control the air conditioner compressor to operate at a preset low frequency;

[0026] The four-way valve is controlled to switch directions, and the heat exchanger is preheated through refrigerant circulation. The heat generated by the preheating of the heat exchanger is then used to defrost the evaporator.

[0027] Optionally, it also includes:

[0028] During the adaptive adjustment of the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window, the air conditioning heating power output is dynamically limited or allowed based on a preset priority scheduling strategy and in combination with battery temperature or passenger cabin temperature conditions.

[0029] Optionally, the preset priority scheduling strategy is:

[0030] When the battery temperature exceeds the first temperature limit, the battery protection priority control logic is executed to limit the air conditioner heating power to no more than the first power limit.

[0031] When the battery temperature is less than the second temperature limit and the charging current is less than the preset current limit, the air conditioner heating power limit is lifted, allowing the air conditioner to apply for full power heating as needed, wherein the second temperature limit is less than the first temperature limit.

[0032] When the passenger cabin temperature is lower than the preset low temperature safety threshold and the low temperature condition lasts for a preset duration, the emergency heating mode is triggered. The operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is temporarily increased to the preset power setting value for rapid temperature rise compensation. At the same time, the battery management system is linked to adaptively relax the battery temperature control threshold. The newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is a heater added to the air conditioning compressor side and whose power is lower than the preset power threshold.

[0033] An air conditioning heating control device includes:

[0034] The switching request sending unit is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller when the air conditioning is switched from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging.

[0035] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch. The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives the air conditioning mode switch request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions.

[0036] The power window estimation unit is used to activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and to estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend.

[0037] A preheating unit is used to preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism;

[0038] The control unit is used to control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode after preheating is completed, and to adaptively adjust the heating power of the air conditioner according to the dynamic power window.

[0039] An air conditioning control unit, the air conditioning control unit comprising: a memory and a processor;

[0040] The memory is used to store at least one instruction;

[0041] The processor is used to execute at least one instruction to implement the air conditioning heating control method described above.

[0042] A vehicle includes an air conditioning heating control system, the air conditioning heating control system including a vehicle controller and an air conditioning control unit, the vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit having a bidirectional communication link;

[0043] The air conditioning control unit is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller when it receives an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode while the vehicle is charging.

[0044] The vehicle controller is used to generate a heating compensation mode activation command and send it to the air conditioning control unit when it detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request.

[0045] The air conditioning control unit is also used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch; activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend; preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism; after preheating, control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode, and adaptively adjust the air conditioner heating power according to the dynamic power window.

[0046] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this invention discloses an air conditioning heating control method and related device. During vehicle charging, when an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode is received, an air conditioning mode switching request is sent to the vehicle controller. The method obtains the heating compensation mode activation instruction from the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch, and the current charging power change trend. The heating compensation mode is activated according to the heating compensation mode activation instruction. Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioning is estimated. A refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism is used to preheat the air conditioning. After preheating, the air conditioning is switched to heating mode, and the air conditioning heating power is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window. This invention uses a dual-mechanism collaborative control of dynamic power window estimation and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating to optimize the process of switching the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging. On the one hand, by combining the battery temperature change rate and the charging power change trend, the available dynamic power window of the air conditioner is estimated in real time, constraining the heating power output of the air conditioner and meeting the battery thermal management requirements, avoiding problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, charging load fluctuation and reduced system stability caused by power sudden changes. On the other hand, the air conditioner is preheated by refrigerant circulation before switching to heating mode, which weakens the power sudden change demand at the moment of mode switching, reduces the impact of high power peak at the moment of heating start-up, and adaptively adjusts the heating power according to the dynamic power window, thereby realizing the balance between battery thermal management and air conditioner heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the published drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1This is a flowchart of an air conditioning heating control method disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning heating control device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air conditioning control unit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle air conditioning heating control system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] This invention discloses an air conditioning heating control method and related device, employing a dual-mechanism collaborative control of dynamic power window estimation and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating to optimize the process of switching the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging. On one hand, by combining the battery temperature change rate and charging power change trend, the available dynamic power window of the air conditioning is estimated in real time, constraining the air conditioning heating power output and meeting battery thermal management requirements, avoiding problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, charging load fluctuations, and reduced system stability caused by power surges. On the other hand, the air conditioning is preheated by refrigerant circulation preheating before switching to heating mode, weakening the power surge demand at the moment of mode switching, reducing the impact of high power peaks at the moment of heating start-up, and adaptively adjusting the heating power according to the dynamic power window, thereby achieving a balance between battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode.

[0054] Explanation of relevant terms:

[0055] VCU: Vehicle Control Unit, is the core control unit of a vehicle, serving as the "management center" and responsible for coordinating the operation of the entire vehicle.

[0056] ACU: Air Conditioning Unit, responsible for regulating the vehicle's interior temperature, airflow, and mode switching.

[0057] BMS: Battery Management System, responsible for monitoring battery voltage, temperature, current and state of charge to ensure safe battery operation.

[0058] PTC: Positive Temperature Coefficient, a type of electric heating element that achieves self-limiting temperature by utilizing the characteristic that resistance increases with temperature.

[0059] SOC: State of Charge, is a core parameter that measures the ratio of a battery's remaining usable capacity to its fully charged capacity. It is usually expressed as a percentage of 0%-100% and directly reflects the battery's remaining capacity. It is a key indicator for the Battery Management System (BMS).

[0060] CAN FD: Controller Area Network with Flexible Data-rate, supports higher communication bandwidth and lower latency, and is suitable for real-time control systems.

[0061] Four-way valve: A key reversing valve in a heat pump system, used to switch the direction of refrigerant flow between cooling and heating modes.

[0062] Refrigerant: A refrigerant, such as R134a or R1234yf, used to circulate and transfer heat in a heat pump system.

[0063] See Figure 1 The present invention discloses a flowchart of an air conditioning heating control method, which is applied to an air conditioning control unit and includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S101: When the vehicle is charging, and an instruction is received to switch the air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode, an air conditioner mode switching request is sent to the vehicle controller.

[0065] In practical applications, vehicle charging conditions are mainly divided into AC slow charging scenarios and DC fast charging scenarios. The power supply methods, charging power, control logic, and communication interaction processes of the two scenarios are independent of each other.

[0066] In AC slow charging scenarios, AC power is used, resulting in low charging power and a long charging time.

[0067] In DC fast charging scenarios, DC power is used, resulting in high charging power and short charging time.

[0068] In this embodiment, when the vehicle is in charging mode, if the air conditioning control unit receives a user's instruction to switch the air conditioning operating mode from cooling mode to heating mode, it will send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller to trigger the subsequent air conditioning heating control strategy.

[0069] It should be noted that a bidirectional communication link is used between the vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit in this invention to transmit battery thermal status and air conditioning mode switching requests in real time. The communication protocol between the vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit can adopt the CAN FD protocol to ensure that the communication delay time is less than 50ms.

[0070] Step S102: Obtain the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch.

[0071] The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives an air conditioning mode switching request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions.

[0072] Specifically, the vehicle controller integrates a charging status recognition module. When the vehicle controller receives an air conditioning mode switching request from the air conditioning control unit, it uses this charging status recognition module to obtain the charging current, battery temperature, battery SOC, as well as the real-time battery temperature change rate and current charging power change trend within a preset time (e.g., 10 seconds) before the air conditioning mode switch.

[0073] When the detected charging current is greater than or equal to the preset current upper limit threshold (e.g., 8A) and the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature limit (e.g., 28℃), it is determined that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions; at this time, a heating compensation mode activation command is generated and sent to the air conditioning control unit, triggering the air conditioning control unit to start the heating compensation mode.

[0074] In practical applications, the current trend of charging power change can be represented by a curve.

[0075] Step S103: Activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend.

[0076] Specifically, based on the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the air conditioner maximum power limit, the air conditioner maximum power limit that matches the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend is determined.

[0077] The power range formed by the matched maximum power limit of the air conditioner and the set minimum power limit of the air conditioner is used as the dynamic power window.

[0078] For example, assuming the current charging power is trending upwards and the current battery temperature change rate is greater than 0.5℃ / min, based on the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the maximum power limit of the air conditioner, the matching maximum power limit of the air conditioner is determined to be 40% of the rated power of the air conditioner.

[0079] The minimum power limit for the air conditioner can be set to 0, or a power value corresponding to a minimum sustaining current can be selected. In this embodiment, the minimum power limit for the air conditioner is set to 0 as an example. At this time, the dynamic power constraint window is set to [0, 40% of the rated power of the air conditioner].

[0080] Step S104: Preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism.

[0081] Specifically, before the air conditioning control unit switches to heating mode, a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism is used to preheat the air conditioning. This process involves controlling the air conditioning compressor to run at a preset low frequency, controlling the four-way valve to switch, preheating the heat exchanger through refrigerant circulation, and using the heat generated by the heat exchanger to defrost the evaporator. This effectively reduces the power peak demand generated at the moment the air conditioning starts heating, avoids the impact of instantaneous high power on the vehicle's charging power and battery operating status, and improves system stability.

[0082] The preset low frequency refers to the initial operating speed of the air conditioning compressor before starting the formal heating mode, in order to rebuild the refrigerant circulation path and avoid power surges. This frequency can be dynamically set based on the vehicle battery's current remaining power capacity and the ambient temperature, typically between 10% and 20% of the compressor's rated maximum frequency. For example, when the compressor's rated maximum frequency is 75Hz, the preset low frequency can be set to 15Hz.

[0083] This application optimizes the air conditioning heating start-up process through the coordinated operation of low-frequency compressor operation and four-way valve reversal. By controlling the air conditioning compressor to operate at a preset low frequency, a low-energy refrigerant power source is established, avoiding the impact on the battery system caused by direct full-power start-up. At the same time, in conjunction with the early reversal of the four-way valve, the refrigerant circulation path is reconstructed, enabling the system to preheat the heat exchanger using the waste heat generated by the low-frequency operation of the compressor before the formal heating command is issued, and to defrost the evaporator using this heat. This integrated preheating and defrosting pretreatment scheme not only eliminates the airflow blockage and low heat exchange efficiency caused by evaporator frosting at the moment of switching from cooling to heating, but also significantly shortens the time delay from receiving the heating command to outputting effective hot air.

[0084] Step S105: After preheating is completed, control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode and adaptively adjust the heating power of the air conditioner according to the dynamic power window.

[0085] After the air conditioner is preheated through the refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism, it is then switched to heating mode. The heating power of the air conditioner is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window. This not only smoothly improves the air conditioner's heating response speed, but also avoids the instantaneous power surge when heating starts, balances the vehicle's charging load and the comfort of air conditioning heating, and ensures the stable operation of the battery and the entire vehicle system.

[0086] In summary, this invention discloses an air conditioning heating control method. During vehicle charging, when an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode is received, an air conditioning mode switching request is sent to the vehicle controller. The method obtains the heating compensation mode activation instruction from the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch, and the current charging power change trend. The heating compensation mode is activated according to the activation instruction. Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioning is estimated. A refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism is used to preheat the air conditioning. After preheating, the air conditioning is switched to heating mode, and the heating power is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window. This invention employs a dual-mechanism collaborative control of dynamic power window estimation and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating to optimize the process of switching the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging. On the one hand, by combining the battery temperature change rate and the charging power change trend, the available dynamic power window of the air conditioner is estimated in real time, constraining the heating power output of the air conditioner and meeting the battery thermal management requirements, avoiding problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, charging load fluctuation and reduced system stability caused by power sudden changes. On the other hand, the air conditioner is preheated by refrigerant circulation before switching to heating mode, which weakens the power sudden change demand at the moment of mode switching, reduces the impact of high power peak at the moment of heating start-up, and adaptively adjusts the heating power according to the dynamic power window, thereby realizing the balance between battery thermal management and air conditioner heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode.

[0087] In one embodiment, step S103 may specifically include:

[0088] (1) Obtain the battery charge status issued by the vehicle controller after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request.

[0089] The State of Charge (SOC) of a battery refers to the ratio of its remaining charge to its rated total capacity, characterizing the battery's energy reserve level. This SOC is calculated by the vehicle controller after receiving an air conditioning mode switching request, by reading voltage, current, and temperature data reported by the battery management system in real time, and then transmitting this data to the air conditioning control unit via a two-way communication link. Its function is as a secondary adjustment factor, reflecting the battery's energy adequacy and potential thermal runaway risk during the current charging phase, allowing for finer adjustments to the initially estimated power window. For example, when the battery is at the end of a fast charge and the SOC is 95%, the increased internal resistance of the battery poses a higher risk of exacerbated heating; while at an SOC of 20%, although the charge is lower, the temperature rise rate is relatively slow under low-current slow charging conditions. By acquiring this SOC, the system can identify the battery's current energy state range, providing key input parameters for determining subsequent correction strategies, thereby avoiding control deviations caused by solely relying on the temperature change rate and ignoring the battery's own energy storage state.

[0090] The vehicle controller integrates a charging status identification module. When the vehicle controller receives an air conditioning mode switching request from the air conditioning control unit, it obtains the battery charge status through this charging status identification module.

[0091] (2) Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, estimate the initial dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner.

[0092] In practical applications, the maximum power limit of the air conditioner is determined by the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend and the maximum power limit of the air conditioner, and the power range formed by the maximum power limit of the air conditioner and the set minimum power limit of the air conditioner is used as the initial dynamic power window.

[0093] (3) Determine the correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window based on the state of charge range of the battery.

[0094] The rate of change of battery temperature and the trend of change of charging power during the charging process determine the initial dynamic power window of the air conditioner. This is the basic power upper limit given from the perspective of thermal safety and charging power load. In order to further adapt to the battery characteristics at different charge stages, this invention modifies the initial dynamic power window according to the battery state of charge.

[0095] The specific correction process is as follows:

[0096] When the battery state of charge is in the low state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to increase the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0097] When the battery state of charge is in the high state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to reduce the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0098] When the battery state of charge is in the intermediate state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to keep the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window unchanged.

[0099] The values ​​for the low-charge state range, high-charge state range, and intermediate-charge state range are determined based on actual needs.

[0100] Through this hierarchical judgment strategy, the system dynamically adjusts the priority allocation of power output according to different stages of battery energy storage, taking into account both safety and comfort.

[0101] For example, the low charge state range is: SOC≤20%. At this time, the power is low, the charging acceptance capacity is strong, and the power redundancy is large. Therefore, the maximum power limit of the air conditioner should be increased.

[0102] The high charge state range is: SOC≥80%. At this time, it is close to full charge, charging derating, and the risk of overheating and overcharging increases. Therefore, the maximum power limit of the air conditioner should be reduced.

[0103] The intermediate state of charge range is 20% < SOC < 80%. At this time, the charging condition is stable, the temperature rise is controllable, and the battery characteristics are stable. Therefore, the maximum power limit of the air conditioner remains unchanged.

[0104] Through this hierarchical judgment mechanism, the system can dynamically adjust the aggressiveness of the power game according to different stages of battery energy storage, so as to achieve a balance between safety and comfort.

[0105] (4) The initial dynamic power window is corrected according to the correction strategy to obtain the dynamic power window.

[0106] The dynamic power window is the final, safely allocated operating range of the air conditioning system after SOC correction. This dynamic power window is obtained by implementing the aforementioned correction strategy, adjusting the upper limit of the initial dynamic power window (i.e., the maximum power limit of the air conditioning) while maintaining the lower limit at the set minimum power limit. For example, if the initial dynamic power window is [1kW, 4kW], and the current SOC is in the high charge state range, the system executes a reduction strategy, lowering the upper limit from 4kW to 2.5kW, resulting in a final dynamic power window of [1kW, 2.5kW]. This result directly serves as the control basis for subsequent adaptive adjustment of the air conditioning heating power. By combining the thermal dynamic characteristics of the battery temperature change rate with the energy characteristics of the battery's state of charge, the dynamic power window output in this step can more accurately adapt to the actual operating conditions of the vehicle at different charging stages, effectively avoiding battery overheating protection caused by forced high-power heating at high SOC, and also preventing a decline in heating experience due to unnecessary excessive power limiting at low SOC.

[0107] In summary, in this invention, after the air conditioning control unit obtains the battery state of charge (SOC) from the vehicle controller upon receiving the air conditioning mode switching request, it first estimates the initial dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioning based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend. Then, based on the SOC range in which the battery is located, it determines a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window and uses this strategy to correct the initial dynamic power window, thus obtaining the final dynamic power window. Because this invention comprehensively considers multiple key factors such as the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the battery SOC when determining the air conditioning dynamic power window, it can reasonably constrain and dynamically regulate the air conditioning heating power output, more accurately adapt to the thermal dynamic characteristics of different charging stages, and simultaneously meet the battery thermal management control requirements. This effectively avoids problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, drastic fluctuations in charging load, and decreased stability of the vehicle control system caused by sudden power changes, thus balancing battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs.

[0108] In one embodiment, the air conditioning heating control method may further include:

[0109] During the adaptive adjustment of the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window, the air conditioning heating power output is dynamically limited or allowed based on a preset priority scheduling strategy and in combination with battery temperature or passenger cabin temperature conditions.

[0110] The preset priority scheduling strategy is as follows:

[0111] 1) When the battery temperature is greater than the first temperature limit, the battery protection priority control logic is executed to limit the air conditioner heating power to no more than the first power limit.

[0112] The values ​​of the first temperature limit and the first power limit are determined according to actual needs, and are not limited in this invention.

[0113] For example, when the battery temperature is >33°C, the air conditioner's heating power is limited to 30% of the air conditioner's rated power.

[0114] 2) When the battery temperature is less than the second temperature limit and the charging current is less than the preset current limit, the air conditioner heating power limit is lifted, allowing the air conditioner to apply for full power heating as needed.

[0115] The second temperature limit is less than the first temperature limit. The values ​​of the second temperature limit and the preset current limit are determined according to actual needs, and are not limited in this invention.

[0116] For example, when the battery temperature is <30℃ and the charging current is <6A, the air conditioner heating power limit is lifted, allowing the air conditioner to apply for full power heating as needed.

[0117] 3) When the passenger cabin temperature is lower than the preset low temperature safety threshold and the low temperature state lasts for a preset duration, the emergency heating mode is triggered, and the operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is temporarily increased to the preset power setting value for rapid temperature rise compensation. At the same time, the battery management system is linked to adaptively relax the battery temperature control threshold.

[0118] The values ​​of the preset low temperature safety threshold, preset duration, and preset power setting are determined according to actual needs.

[0119] For example, when the passenger cabin temperature is below 18°C ​​for 3 minutes, the emergency heating mode is triggered, temporarily increasing the operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater to 120% of its rated power for rapid temperature compensation. At the same time, the battery management system is linked to adaptively relax the battery temperature control threshold.

[0120] The time required to increase the operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater to 120% of the rated power can be set to no more than 90 seconds.

[0121] The relaxed battery temperature control threshold can be ±2℃ from the original battery temperature control threshold.

[0122] It should be noted that this invention pre-installs an "auxiliary electric heating loop" as a heating buffer in the heat pump system. Specifically, the "auxiliary electric heating loop" is a PTC (Power Transmission Control Unit) installed on the air conditioning compressor side. This new PTC is connected in parallel with the air conditioning compressor, and its power is lower than a preset power threshold, for example, less than 1.5kW. The new PTC is specifically used for rapid temperature rise compensation during the air conditioning heating start-up phase. It can continuously provide basic heating output even when the main heating circuit is limited by power or current, avoiding the problem of a sudden drop in passenger cabin temperature caused by the main PTC's inability to respond to heating demands in a timely manner due to current limitations.

[0123] This application achieves deep synergy between a preset priority scheduling strategy and a dynamic power window prediction mechanism through the aforementioned technical solution. Based on the dynamic power window determined by the battery temperature change rate and charging power trend, real-time feedback from battery temperature and passenger compartment temperature is further introduced as correction factors, forming a dual guarantee system of prediction and real-time correction. With this synergy, the system can not only optimize power allocation to improve energy efficiency under normal operating conditions, but also respond rapidly and dynamically adjust power output boundaries under abnormal conditions such as sudden battery overheating or rapid cooling of the passenger compartment. This mechanism breaks through the limitations of fixed power allocation or single threshold restrictions, ensuring that in the complex energy game scenario of slow vehicle charging, it can strictly safeguard battery safety while maximizing the satisfaction of users' heating needs, thereby reducing the probability of heating failure and improving the stability of the vehicle's thermal management system.

[0124] Test data shows that when the vehicle ambient temperature is -10℃, a 10A slow charging current is used, and the initial battery temperature is 32℃, after applying the air conditioning heating control method proposed in this invention, the heating failure rate when switching from cooling mode to heating mode is reduced from 37% to 3.2%; the air conditioning heating start-up response time is shortened from an average of 120 seconds to less than 28 seconds, and the passenger cabin temperature can rise to above 18℃ within 5 minutes. Simultaneously, the battery temperature fluctuation is reduced by 40%, and the number of battery management system overload protection triggers due to heating requests decreases by 89%. User feedback surveys show that 92% of users acknowledge a significant improvement in the in-vehicle heating experience under winter slow charging conditions, eliminating unbearable low temperatures and effectively reducing the risk of user complaints and recalls due to low-temperature heating failure, thus enhancing the brand's service reputation.

[0125] Corresponding to the above method embodiments, the present invention also discloses an air conditioning heating control device.

[0126] See Figure 2 The present invention discloses a schematic diagram of an air conditioning heating control device, which is applied to an air conditioning control unit and includes:

[0127] The switching request sending unit 201 is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller when the air conditioning is switched from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging.

[0128] In practical applications, vehicle charging conditions are mainly divided into AC slow charging scenarios and DC fast charging scenarios. The power supply methods, charging power, control logic, and communication interaction processes of the two scenarios are independent of each other.

[0129] In AC slow charging scenarios, AC power is used, resulting in low charging power and a long charging time.

[0130] In DC fast charging scenarios, DC power is used, resulting in high charging power and short charging time.

[0131] In this embodiment, when the vehicle is in charging mode, if the air conditioning control unit receives a user's instruction to switch the air conditioning operating mode from cooling mode to heating mode, it will send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller to trigger the subsequent air conditioning heating control strategy.

[0132] It should be noted that a bidirectional communication link is used between the vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit in this invention to transmit battery thermal status and air conditioning mode switching requests in real time. The communication protocol between the vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit can adopt the CAN FD protocol to ensure that the communication delay time is less than 50ms.

[0133] The data acquisition unit 202 is used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode is switched.

[0134] The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives the air conditioning mode switching request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions.

[0135] Specifically, the vehicle controller integrates a charging status recognition module. When the vehicle controller receives an air conditioning mode switching request from the air conditioning control unit, it uses this charging status recognition module to obtain the charging current, battery temperature, battery SOC, as well as the real-time battery temperature change rate and current charging power change trend within a preset time (e.g., 10 seconds) before the air conditioning mode switch.

[0136] When the detected charging current is greater than or equal to the preset current upper limit threshold (e.g., 8A) and the battery temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature limit (e.g., 28℃), it is determined that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions; at this time, a heating compensation mode activation command is generated and sent to the air conditioning control unit, triggering the air conditioning control unit to start the heating compensation mode.

[0137] In practical applications, the current trend of charging power change can be represented by a curve.

[0138] The power window estimation unit 203 is used to activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and to estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend.

[0139] The preheating unit 204 is used to preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism.

[0140] The control unit 205 is used to control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode after preheating is completed, and to adaptively adjust the heating power of the air conditioner according to the dynamic power window.

[0141] After the air conditioner is preheated through the refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism, it is then switched to heating mode. The heating power of the air conditioner is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window. This not only smoothly improves the air conditioner's heating response speed, but also avoids the instantaneous power surge when heating starts, balances the vehicle's charging load and the comfort of air conditioning heating, and ensures the stable operation of the battery and the entire vehicle system.

[0142] In summary, this invention discloses an air conditioning heating control device. During vehicle charging, when a command to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode is received, an air conditioning mode switching request is sent to the vehicle controller. The device obtains the heating compensation mode activation command from the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch, and the current charging power change trend. The heating compensation mode is activated according to the activation command. Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioning is estimated. A refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism is used to preheat the air conditioning. After preheating, the air conditioning is switched to heating mode, and the heating power is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window. This invention employs a dual-mechanism collaborative control of dynamic power window estimation and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating to optimize the process of switching the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging. On the one hand, by combining the battery temperature change rate and the charging power change trend, the available dynamic power window of the air conditioner is estimated in real time, constraining the heating power output of the air conditioner and meeting the battery thermal management requirements, avoiding problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, charging load fluctuation and reduced system stability caused by power sudden changes. On the other hand, the air conditioner is preheated by refrigerant circulation before switching to heating mode, which weakens the power sudden change demand at the moment of mode switching, reduces the impact of high power peak at the moment of heating start-up, and adaptively adjusts the heating power according to the dynamic power window, thereby realizing the balance between battery thermal management and air conditioner heating needs during the process of switching the vehicle's air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode.

[0143] In one embodiment, the power window estimation unit 203 can be specifically used for:

[0144] From the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the air conditioner maximum power limit, determine the air conditioner maximum power limit that matches the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend;

[0145] The power range formed by the matched maximum power limit of the air conditioner and the set minimum power limit of the air conditioner is used as the dynamic power window.

[0146] In one embodiment, the power window estimation unit 203 can also be used for:

[0147] Obtain the battery state of charge sent by the vehicle controller after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request;

[0148] Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, the initial dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated.

[0149] Based on the state of charge range of the battery, a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window is determined;

[0150] The initial dynamic power window is corrected according to the correction strategy to obtain the dynamic power window.

[0151] In one embodiment, the power window estimation unit 203 can also be used for:

[0152] When the battery state of charge is in the low state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to increase the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0153] When the battery state of charge is in the high state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to reduce the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window.

[0154] When the battery state of charge is in the intermediate state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to keep the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window unchanged.

[0155] In one embodiment, the preheating unit 204 can be specifically used for:

[0156] Control the air conditioner compressor to operate at a preset low frequency;

[0157] The four-way valve is controlled to switch directions, and the heat exchanger is preheated through refrigerant circulation. The heat generated by the preheating of the heat exchanger is then used to defrost the evaporator.

[0158] The preset low frequency refers to the initial operating speed of the air conditioning compressor before starting the formal heating mode, set to rebuild the refrigerant circulation path and avoid power surges. This frequency can be dynamically set based on the vehicle battery's current remaining power capacity and ambient temperature, typically between 10% and 20% of the compressor's rated maximum frequency. For example, when the compressor's rated maximum frequency is 75Hz, the preset low frequency can be set to 15Hz. By operating at this low frequency, the compressor can drive the refrigerant to flow slowly in the pipes with minimal current consumption. This avoids a sudden drop in battery voltage caused by instantaneous high-frequency startup and utilizes the compressor's mechanical work to generate basic heat, preparing for subsequent heat exchange. This step aims to activate the core components of the heat pump system in advance using a low-power operating mode, eliminating residual low-temperature inertia from the cooling mode and providing a smooth transition for mode switching.

[0159] The four-way valve is a key actuator in a heat pump system used to change the direction of refrigerant flow. Its function is to switch the outdoor heat exchanger, which is originally a condenser in cooling mode, to function as an evaporator, or the indoor heat exchanger, which is originally an evaporator, to function as a condenser, thereby reconstructing the thermodynamic cycle. Specifically, while the compressor is running at a preset low frequency, the vehicle controller or air conditioning control unit sends a command to drive the four-way valve coil to actuate, causing the valve core to move and changing the connection relationship between the refrigerant at the compressor's suction and discharge ports and the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers.

[0160] This application optimizes the air conditioning heating start-up process through the coordinated operation of low-frequency compressor operation and four-way valve reversal. By controlling the air conditioning compressor to operate at a preset low frequency, a low-energy refrigerant power source is established, avoiding the impact on the battery system caused by direct full-power start-up. At the same time, in conjunction with the early reversal of the four-way valve, the refrigerant circulation path is reconstructed, enabling the system to preheat the heat exchanger using the waste heat generated by the low-frequency operation of the compressor before the formal heating command is issued, and to defrost the evaporator using this heat. This integrated preheating and defrosting pretreatment scheme not only eliminates the airflow blockage and low heat exchange efficiency caused by evaporator frosting at the moment of switching from cooling to heating, but also significantly shortens the time delay from receiving the heating command to outputting effective hot air. Based on this, since the preheating and defrosting processes mainly rely on the internal energy cycle of the system rather than external high-power electric heating, the demand on the instantaneous power of the vehicle's high-voltage battery is reduced. This ensures that the air conditioning heating function can still start smoothly and without affecting battery safety under sensitive conditions such as slow charging and high battery temperature, thereby improving the user's driving experience in winter charging scenarios.

[0161] In one embodiment, the air conditioning heating control device may further include:

[0162] The heating power regulation unit is used to dynamically limit or allow the output of the air conditioning heating power based on a preset priority scheduling strategy and in combination with the battery temperature or passenger cabin temperature conditions during the adaptive adjustment of the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window.

[0163] The preset priority scheduling strategy is as follows:

[0164] When the battery temperature exceeds the first temperature limit, the battery protection priority control logic is executed to limit the air conditioner heating power to no more than the first power limit.

[0165] When the battery temperature is less than the second temperature limit and the charging current is less than the preset current limit, the air conditioner heating power limit is lifted, allowing the air conditioner to apply for full power heating as needed, wherein the second temperature limit is less than the first temperature limit.

[0166] When the passenger cabin temperature is lower than the preset low temperature safety threshold and the low temperature condition lasts for a preset duration, the emergency heating mode is triggered. The operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is temporarily increased to the preset power setting value for rapid temperature rise compensation. At the same time, the battery management system is linked to adaptively relax the battery temperature control threshold. The newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is a heater added to the air conditioning compressor side and whose power is lower than the preset power threshold.

[0167] It should be noted that for the specific working principles of each component in the device embodiment, please refer to the corresponding section of the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0168] Corresponding to the above embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a structural schematic diagram of an air conditioning control unit, which may include: a processor 1 and a memory 2;

[0169] The processor 1 and memory 2 communicate with each other via communication bus 3.

[0170] Processor 1, for executing at least one instruction;

[0171] Memory 2 is used to store at least one instruction;

[0172] Processor 1 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present invention.

[0173] Memory 2 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0174] The processor executes at least one instruction to implement the steps shown in the embodiment of the air conditioning heating control method.

[0175] Corresponding to the above embodiments, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the present invention also discloses a structural schematic diagram of an air conditioning heating control system in a vehicle. The air conditioning heating control system includes: a vehicle controller 11 and an air conditioning control unit 12, and the vehicle controller 11 and the air conditioning control unit 12 adopt a bidirectional communication link.

[0176] The air conditioning control unit 12 is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller 11 when it receives an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode while the vehicle is charging.

[0177] The vehicle controller 11 is used to generate a heating compensation mode activation command and send it to the air conditioning control unit 12 when it detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request.

[0178] The air conditioning control unit 12 is also used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller 11, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch; activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend; preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism; after preheating, control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode, and adaptively adjust the air conditioner heating power according to the dynamic power window.

[0179] In summary, this invention discloses a vehicle including a vehicle controller 11 and an air conditioning control unit 12 connected via a bidirectional communication link. When the air conditioning control unit 12 receives an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging, it sends an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller 11. Upon receiving the request, the vehicle controller 11, after detecting that the battery operating parameters meet preset battery thermal management conditions, generates a heating compensation mode activation instruction and sends it to the air conditioning control unit 12. The air conditioning control unit 12 obtains the heating compensation mode activation instruction from the vehicle controller 11, the current battery temperature change rate within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch, and the current charging power change trend. It activates the heating compensation mode according to the activation instruction and estimates the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioning based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend. It preheats the air conditioning using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism. After preheating, it controls the air conditioning to switch to heating mode and adaptively adjusts the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window. This invention employs a dual-mechanism collaborative control approach—dynamic power window prediction and refrigerant circulation preheating before air conditioning heating—to optimize the process of switching the air conditioning from cooling to heating mode during vehicle charging. On one hand, by combining the battery temperature change rate and charging power change trend, the available dynamic power window for the air conditioning is predicted in real time, constraining the air conditioning heating power output and meeting battery thermal management requirements. This avoids problems such as abnormal battery temperature rise, charging load fluctuations, and reduced system stability caused by sudden power changes. On the other hand, refrigerant circulation preheating is used to preheat the air conditioning before switching to heating mode, mitigating the sudden power change demand during mode switching and reducing the impact of high-power peaks at heating start-up. Simultaneously, the heating power is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window, thus achieving a balance between battery thermal management and air conditioning heating needs during the vehicle's air conditioning switch from cooling to heating mode.

[0180] In addition, the invention is compatible with heat pump and PTC architectures, requiring only software upgrades without the need for hardware replacement, thus possessing high mass production feasibility.

[0181] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0182] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0183] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An air conditioning heating control method, characterized in that, include: When the vehicle is charging, when it receives a command to switch the air conditioner from cooling mode to heating mode, it sends an air conditioner mode switching request to the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller obtains the heating compensation mode activation command, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch. The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives the air conditioning mode switch request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions. The heating compensation mode is activated according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend. The air conditioner is preheated using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism; After preheating is complete, the air conditioner is switched to heating mode, and the heating power of the air conditioner is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window.

2. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated, including: From the pre-set correspondence between the battery temperature change rate, the charging power change trend, and the air conditioner maximum power limit, determine the air conditioner maximum power limit that matches the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend; The power range formed by the matched maximum power limit of the air conditioner and the set minimum power limit of the air conditioner is used as the dynamic power window.

3. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, a dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated, including: Obtain the battery state of charge sent by the vehicle controller after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request; Based on the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend, the initial dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner is estimated. Based on the state of charge range of the battery, a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window is determined; The initial dynamic power window is corrected according to the correction strategy to obtain the dynamic power window.

4. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the state of charge range of the battery, a correction strategy for the initial dynamic power window is determined, including: When the battery state of charge is in the low state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to increase the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window. When the battery state of charge is in the high state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to reduce the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window. When the battery state of charge is in the intermediate state of charge range, the corresponding correction strategy is to keep the maximum power limit of the air conditioner within the initial dynamic power window unchanged.

5. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The air conditioner is preheated using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism, including: Control the air conditioner compressor to operate at a preset low frequency; The four-way valve is controlled to switch directions, and the heat exchanger is preheated through refrigerant circulation. The heat generated by the preheating of the heat exchanger is then used to defrost the evaporator.

6. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: During the adaptive adjustment of the air conditioning heating power according to the dynamic power window, the air conditioning heating power output is dynamically limited or allowed based on a preset priority scheduling strategy and in combination with battery temperature or passenger cabin temperature conditions.

7. The air conditioning heating control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset priority scheduling strategy is as follows: When the battery temperature exceeds the first temperature limit, the battery protection priority control logic is executed to limit the air conditioner heating power to no more than the first power limit. When the battery temperature is less than the second temperature limit and the charging current is less than the preset current limit, the air conditioner heating power limit is lifted, allowing the air conditioner to apply for full power heating as needed, wherein the second temperature limit is less than the first temperature limit. When the passenger cabin temperature is lower than the preset low temperature safety threshold and the low temperature condition lasts for a preset duration, the emergency heating mode is triggered. The operating power of the newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is temporarily increased to the preset power setting value for rapid temperature rise compensation. At the same time, the battery management system is linked to adaptively relax the battery temperature control threshold. The newly added positive temperature coefficient heater is a heater added to the air conditioning compressor side and whose power is lower than the preset power threshold.

8. An air conditioning heating control device, characterized in that, include: The switching request sending unit is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller when the air conditioning is switched from cooling mode to heating mode during vehicle charging. The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch. The heating compensation mode activation command is generated by the vehicle controller when it receives the air conditioning mode switch request and detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions. The power window estimation unit is used to activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and to estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend. A preheating unit is used to preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism; The control unit is used to control the air conditioner to switch to heating mode after preheating is completed, and to adaptively adjust the heating power of the air conditioner according to the dynamic power window.

9. An air conditioning control unit, characterized in that, The air conditioning control unit includes: a memory and a processor; The memory is used to store at least one instruction; The processor is used to execute at least one instruction to implement the air conditioning heating control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A vehicle, comprising an air conditioning heating control system, the air conditioning heating control system comprising a vehicle controller and an air conditioning control unit, characterized in that, The vehicle controller and the air conditioning control unit have a bidirectional communication link; The air conditioning control unit is used to send an air conditioning mode switching request to the vehicle controller when it receives an instruction to switch the air conditioning from cooling mode to heating mode while the vehicle is charging. The vehicle controller is used to generate a heating compensation mode activation command and send it to the air conditioning control unit when it detects that the battery operating parameters meet the preset battery thermal management conditions after receiving the air conditioning mode switching request. The air conditioning control unit is also used to acquire the heating compensation mode activation command issued by the vehicle controller, the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend within a preset time before the air conditioning mode switch; activate the heating compensation mode according to the heating compensation mode activation command, and estimate the dynamic power window that can be allocated to the air conditioner according to the current battery temperature change rate and the current charging power change trend; and preheat the air conditioner using a refrigerant circulation preheating mechanism. After preheating is complete, the air conditioner is switched to heating mode, and the heating power of the air conditioner is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic power window.

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