Method for stacking and using multiple types of shield segments in narrow space

Abstract

The application provides a method for stacking and using multiple types of shield segments in a narrow space, and relates to the technical field of shield tunnel construction. The segment field is divided into a finished segment area, a waterproof operation area and a receiving area. The segment types and quantities stored in the three areas are determined according to the construction sequence. While the shield machine takes segments from the finished segment area, the waterproof operation area performs waterproof treatment to form finished segments, and the receiving area sequentially receives subsequent segments. When the finished segment area is emptied, the waterproof operation area completes waterproofing, and the receiving area is full, the three areas automatically switch purposes. According to the original storage information of the three areas and the construction sequence, the segments to be stored in the new receiving area are determined, and the process is repeated so that the three areas sequentially assume the functions of receiving, waterproofing and taking segments. As a result, the segments are arranged in sequence and continuously, repeated checking caused by mixed storage is avoided, segment retrieval is fast and accurate, and utilization is improved. The three operations are parallel and do not interfere with each other, and do not need to be transported, avoiding process waiting and interruption, and ensuring the continuity of construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to the field of shield tunnel construction technology, and specifically to a method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space. Background Technology

[0002] During shield tunnel construction, shield segments, as the core components of the tunnel lining, often require multiple types of segments to cope with different geological formations and ensure the stability of the tunnel structure. In actual construction scenarios, the segment placement area is often limited by space constraints, and the mixing of different segment types is common.

[0003] Due to limited space at the tunnel segment site, tunnel segments of different models and in different stages of construction cannot be effectively separated physically. Tunnel segments typically fall into three different stages: newly arrived segments awaiting processing, segments undergoing waterproofing, and finished segments with completed waterproofing. These segments in different stages must be mixed and stacked together in the same area, resulting in physical overlap. This physical mixing directly causes the following problems: First, the receiving of newly arrived segments awaiting processing, the waterproofing of segments undergoing waterproofing, and the retrieval of finished segments by the tunnel boring machine (TBM) are carried out alternately in the same area, with overlapping work paths. This not only reduces the efficiency of single-stage operations but also delays construction progress due to frequent avoidance. Second, the disorderly stacking in physical space prevents on-site personnel from quickly identifying and retrieving the required segments by spatial location, forcing them to repeatedly search and verify. The actual usable stacking space is severely wasted, hindering the formation of a continuous cyclical work process and further restricting the overall continuity of the tunnel boring machine construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in narrow spaces that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] This application provides a method for stacking and using multiple types of tunnel lining segments in narrow spaces, including the following steps: S100: Determine the required segment type and quantity for each construction stratum based on the geological type and tunnel length of each construction stratum; S200: Divide the tunnel segment site into three zones with the same storage capacity: finished tunnel segment zone, waterproofing operation zone, and receiving zone. S300: Based on the construction sequence of the construction stratum, determine the segment type and quantity of the segments stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area, and place the finished segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity into the finished segment area, and place the segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity to be processed into the waterproofing operation area. S400: The tunnel boring machine takes the finished segment from the finished segment area, and at the same time, waterproofing is carried out on the segment to be processed in the waterproofing operation area to form a finished segment. Meanwhile, the segment to be processed corresponding to the segment model and quantity in the receiving area are placed in the receiving area in sequence. S500: If the finished pipe segments in the finished pipe segment area have been taken out, and the pipe segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area have been made into finished pipe segments, and the corresponding pipe segment model and quantity of pipe segments to be processed have been placed in the receiving area, then the original finished pipe segment area will be used as the new receiving area, the original waterproofing operation area will be used as the new finished pipe segment area, and the original receiving area will be used as the new waterproofing operation area. S600: Based on the segment type and quantity of each segment stored in the original finished segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, determine the segment type and quantity of the segments to be stored in the new receiving area. S700: Repeat steps S400-S600 until all segment types have been used.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the type and quantity of pipe segments stored in the finished pipe segment area, waterproofing operation area, and receiving area are determined according to the construction sequence of the construction stratum, specifically including the following steps: The order of use for each segment type is determined based on the construction sequence of the aforementioned geological strata. According to the usage sequence and the required quantity of each segment type, the segment type and quantity stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area are determined sequentially.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in this application, step S600 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the pipe segment type and quantity stored in the original finished pipe segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and the construction sequence, determine the first pipe segment type remaining after the original receiving area is completed, and use it as the starting pipe segment type. Based on the remaining demand for the initial segment type and the demand for subsequent segment types, determine the segment type and quantity to be stored in the new receiving area.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in this application, each segment model consists of four segments: the top segment, the bottom segment, the left segment, and the right segment.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in this application, each partition is provided with at least one stacking unit, and each stacking unit has a plurality of first columns and a plurality of second columns arranged alternately along a first direction. The first column has a plurality of first stacking positions arranged along a second direction, and each first stacking position is used to stack bottom pieces and top pieces arranged vertically. The second column has a plurality of second stacking positions arranged along a second direction, and each second stacking position is used to stack right pieces and left pieces arranged vertically. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0010] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the number of tube rings stored in each stacking unit is equal to the number of the first stacking positions in the stacking unit, and the storage capacity is equal to the sum of the number of tube rings in all stacking units.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in this application, step S100 specifically includes the following steps: The geological strata type and tunnel length of each construction section were obtained sequentially; Based on the formation type, a first database is queried to obtain the segment type corresponding to the formation type; the first database includes: multiple formation types and segment types corresponding to each formation type; Based on the tunnel length, calculate the required number of tunnel segments for each section of the construction stratum.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in this application, buffer spaces are provided on both sides of the tunnel segment site along the first direction, and the three partitions are arranged between two buffer spaces along the first direction; there is a gap between adjacent partitions; a working passage is provided on one side of the tunnel segment site along the second direction, and the working passage connects the three partitions along the first direction.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in this application, the boundaries of the three partitions are marked with boundary markers.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: This application provides a method for stacking and using multiple types of tunnel boring machine (TBM) segments in narrow spaces. Based on the geological type and tunnel length of each construction stratum, the required segment type and quantity for each stratum are determined. The segment storage area is divided into three zones with equal storage capacity: a pre-fabricated segment zone, a waterproofing zone, and a receiving zone. The segment type and quantity to be stored in the pre-fabricated segment zone, waterproofing zone, and receiving zone are determined according to the construction sequence of the geological strata. Pre-fabricated segments of the corresponding type and quantity are placed in the pre-fabricated segment zone, and segments of the corresponding type and quantity to be processed are placed in the waterproofing zone. The TBM retrieves pre-fabricated segments from the pre-fabricated segment zone, while simultaneously waterproofing the segments to be processed in the waterproofing zone to form pre-fabricated segments. The segments to be processed, corresponding to the segment type and quantity, are placed sequentially in the receiving area. If the finished segments in the finished segment area have been used up, and the segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area have been made into finished segments, and the receiving area has a number of segments to be processed equal to the storage capacity, then the original finished segment area is designated as the new receiving area, the original waterproofing operation area as the new finished segment area, and the original receiving area as the new waterproofing operation area. Based on the segment type and quantity of each segment stored in the original finished segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, the segment type and quantity of the segments to be stored in the new receiving area are determined. The above process is repeated so that the three zones are used in turn for segment receiving, waterproofing treatment, and tunnel boring machine retrieval.

[0015] In this way, the various tunnel segments are arranged continuously in physical space according to the construction sequence, avoiding the problem of repeated searching caused by disordered stacking. The retrieval of tunnel segments is quick and accurate, and the actual usable space on site is effectively released. The three operations of retrieval, waterproofing, and receiving are carried out in parallel in three physically separated zones, which are spatially independent and do not intersect. There is no need for additional transportation of tunnel segments, avoiding waiting for procedures and interruption of work, ensuring the overall continuity of shield tunneling construction, which is especially suitable for the construction needs of multiple tunnel segment types in narrow spaces. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three zones provided in Embodiment 1 of this application within the tunnel segment site; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the four segments provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0017] In the diagram: 4. Working channel; 5. Buffer space; 6. Spacing space; 7. First stacking position; 8. Second stacking position; 9. Top section; 10. Bottom section; 11. Left section; 12. Right section. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 Please refer to Figure 1 The flowchart provided in this application describes a method for stacking and using multiple types of tunnel lining segments in a narrow space, including the following steps: S100: Determine the required segment type and quantity for each construction stratum based on the geological type and tunnel length of each construction stratum; Specifically, before the construction of the shield tunnel, the entire tunnel is divided into several continuous construction stratum sections based on the geological survey report, with each section corresponding to a stratum type. Stratum types can be classified according to engineering geological conditions, such as soft soil, sand, and rock. Different types of strata have different requirements for the strength and waterproofing performance of the tunnel segments, thus requiring the matching of appropriate segment models.

[0021] Furthermore, step S100 specifically includes the following steps: S101: Sequentially obtain the geological strata type and tunnel length of each construction stratum; S102: Based on the formation type, query the first database to obtain the segment model corresponding to the formation type; the first database includes: multiple formation types and the segment model corresponding to each formation type; S103: Calculate the required number of tunnel segments for each construction stratum based on the tunnel length.

[0022] Specifically, in practice, the geological strata types for each construction section are first obtained sequentially according to the construction order. For each construction stratum, its geological strata type is used as the query condition to match the corresponding segment type from the first database. In this embodiment, segment types are divided into Type A, Type B, Type C, Type D, and Type F segments. The first database stores multiple geological strata types and the segment types corresponding to each geological strata type. For example, soft soil layers correspond to Type A segments, sand layers correspond to Type B segments, and rock layers correspond to Type C segments, etc.

[0023] At the same time, the tunnel length of the construction stratum is obtained, and the required number of tunnel segments (i.e., the number of tunnel segment rings) is calculated based on the standard width of the matched segment model (in this embodiment, the standard width of each segment model is 1.6m). The calculation formula is: tunnel segment requirement = tunnel length / 1.6.

[0024] All construction strata are arranged in the order of construction, and a list is finally formed that corresponds one-to-one with the construction sequence, segment type, and segment demand, which serves as the basis for the subsequent entry, stacking, and use of segments.

[0025] Furthermore, each segment model consists of four segments: top segment 9, bottom segment 10, left segment 11, and right segment 12.

[0026] Specifically, each segment type has the same structure and is used to assemble one ring of the shield tunnel lining. For example... Figure 3 As shown, each complete ring of tunnel segments is composed of four segments: top segment 9, bottom segment 10, left segment 11, and right segment 12. During construction, they are connected by bolts to form a circular tunnel lining structure. In this embodiment, each segment is an arc-shaped hexagon, 1.6m wide, with an outer arc length of 5.45m and an inner arc length of 4.9m.

[0027] S200: Divide the tunnel segment site into three zones with the same storage capacity: finished tunnel segment zone, waterproofing operation zone, and receiving zone. Specifically, the main purpose of dividing the tunnel segment site into three zones is to achieve functional separation and seamless integration of three operations: segment reception, waterproofing, and tunnel boring machine retrieval. All three zones have the same storage capacity, ensuring a smooth transition when switching between zones for different purposes.

[0028] Furthermore, buffer spaces 5 are provided on both sides of the tunnel section along the first direction, and three zones are arranged between two buffer spaces 5 along the first direction; there is a gap space 6 between adjacent zones; a working passage 4 is provided on one side of the tunnel section along the second direction, and the working passage 4 connects the three zones along the first direction.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, a represents the first direction (length direction), and b represents the second direction (width direction). A work passage 4 is provided along one side of the tunnel segment site along the second direction, with yellow warning lines marked within the passage. Buffer spaces 5 are provided at both ends of the tunnel segment site along the first direction. Three zones are arranged along the first direction between two buffer spaces 5, with gaps 6 between adjacent zones. The work passage 4 extends along the first direction from one end of the tunnel segment site to the other, connecting the three zones and allowing forklifts to transfer tunnel segments between them.

[0030] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the tunnel segment site are 20m (width) x 50m (length), the dimensions of the working passage 4 are 3m (width) x 50m (length), the dimensions of each buffer space 5 are 17m (width) x 0.75m (length), the dimensions of each partition are 17m (width) x 15.5m (length), and the dimensions of the interval space 6 between adjacent partitions are 17m (width) x 1m (length). The above dimensions can be adjusted according to the actual tunnel segment site conditions.

[0031] Furthermore, the boundaries of the three zones are marked with boundary markers.

[0032] In this embodiment, the boundary markings are made of white warning lines or marker posts to clearly define the zoning area and prevent the pipe segments from being stacked beyond the boundary.

[0033] Furthermore, each partition is provided with at least one stacking unit, each stacking unit having a plurality of first columns and a plurality of second columns arranged alternately along a first direction, the first column having a plurality of first stacking positions 7 arranged along a second direction, each first stacking position 7 being used to stack the bottom piece 10 and the top piece 9 arranged vertically; the second column having a plurality of second stacking positions 8 arranged along a second direction, each second stacking position 8 being used to stack the right piece 12 and the left piece 11 arranged vertically; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0034] Specifically, each stacking unit has multiple first columns and multiple second columns arranged alternately along a first direction. The first column has multiple first stacking positions 7 arranged along a second direction. Each first stacking position 7 is used to stack bottom segments 10 and top segments 9 arranged vertically (i.e., bottom segments 10 are placed on the upper layer and top segments 9 are placed on the lower layer). The second column has multiple second stacking positions 8 arranged along a second direction. Each second stacking position 8 is used to stack right segments 12 and left segments 11 arranged vertically (i.e., right segments 12 are placed on the upper layer and left segments 11 are placed on the lower layer). Square timber is used to separate the bottom segments 10 and top segments 9, as well as the right segments 12 and left segments 11, to prevent sliding and collapse.

[0035] The reason for using this layered arrangement is that in shield tunnel construction, the segment installation sequence is typically as follows: first install the bottom segment 10, then the top segment 9, followed by the right segment 12 and the left segment 11. Placing the bottom segment 10 and right segment 12 on the upper layer, and the top segment 9 and left segment 11 on the lower layer, allows forklifts to retrieve segments sequentially from top to bottom, avoiding searching and improving work efficiency. Simultaneously, the vertically aligned stacking method effectively prevents segment slippage and ensures stacking stability.

[0036] For example, each stacking unit comprises two alternating first columns and two second columns, with three first stacking positions 7 in the first column and three second stacking positions 8 in the second column. Therefore, each stacking unit has a total of 12 stacking positions, with two segments placed in each position, for a total of 24 segments, corresponding to 6 complete rings of segments (each ring requires 4 segments). Each zone contains two stacking units, thus each zone stores 12 rings of segments. The above parameters can be adjusted according to actual site conditions.

[0037] Furthermore, the number of segment rings stored in each stacking unit is equal to the number of the first stacking position 7 in the stacking unit, and the storage capacity is equal to the sum of the number of segment rings in all stacking units.

[0038] Specifically, since each first stacking position 7 and a second stacking position 8 together form a ring of tube segments, the total number of first stacking positions 7 in a stacking unit is the number of tube segment rings stored in that stacking unit. In this embodiment, each stacking unit has 2 first columns, and each first column has 3 first stacking positions 7, so the total number of first stacking positions 7 is 6, meaning each stacking unit stores 6 rings of tube segments. Each partition contains 2 stacking units, so the storage capacity of each partition is 12 rings. This calculation method also applies to other configurations: Storage capacity = Number of stacking units × Number of first stacking positions per unit.

[0039] S300: Based on the construction sequence of the construction stratum, determine the segment type and quantity of segments to be stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area, and place the finished segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity into the finished segment area, and place the segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity to be processed into the waterproofing operation area. Furthermore, based on the construction sequence of the construction strata, the type and quantity of pipe segments to be stored in the precast pipe segment area, waterproofing operation area, and receiving area are determined, specifically including the following steps: S301: Determine the order of use of each segment type according to the construction sequence of the construction strata; S302: According to the order of use and the demand for each segment type, determine the segment type and quantity to be stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area respectively.

[0040] Specifically, when determining the pipe segments, starting with the first pipe segment model in the usage sequence, allocation proceeds sequentially by model. Once the current pipe segment model is allocated, the allocation continues to the next model until the total number of segments allocated to the current partition reaches the storage capacity. Then, allocation moves to the next partition. If all pipe segment models have been allocated but the current partition has not yet reached its storage capacity, the remaining capacity in the current partition is left empty, and no more pipe segments are allocated to subsequent partitions. If there are still remaining pipe segments after all three partitions have been allocated, these remaining segments are reserved for subsequent cyclical processing.

[0041] Once the pipe segment types and quantities for the three storage zones are determined, the finished pipe segments of the corresponding types and quantities are placed in the finished pipe segment area, and the pipe segments to be processed of the corresponding types and quantities are placed in the waterproofing operation area, while the receiving area is not placed with pipe segments for the time being.

[0042] In some embodiments, the storage capacity of the three zones is set at 12 rings each, and the segment types according to the construction sequence are: 20 rings of type A segments, 15 rings of type B segments, and 10 rings of type C segments. First, the segments in the finished segment area are determined: 12 rings are taken from the 20 rings of type A segments, processed into finished segments, and placed in the finished segment area; that is, the finished segment area stores 12 rings of type A segments. Next, the segments in the waterproofing operation area are determined: 8 rings of type A segments remain, less than 12 rings, so 4 rings are made up from the next type, type B segments. The 8 rings of type A segments and 4 rings of type B segments are placed in the waterproofing operation area as segments to be processed; that is, the waterproofing operation area stores 8 rings of type A segments and 4 rings of type B segments. Finally, the segments in the receiving area are determined: 11 rings of type B segments remain, less than 12 rings, so 1 ring is made up from the next type, type C segments; that is, the segments determined in the receiving area are 11 rings of type B segments and 1 ring of type C segments (these segments are placed in subsequent step S400). Nine rings of C-shaped segments remain to be processed in subsequent cycles.

[0043] In some embodiments, the storage capacity of the three zones is set at 12 rings. The segment types, arranged in construction sequence, are: 5 rings of type A segments, 5 rings of type B segments, 10 rings of type C segments, and 10 rings of type D segments. First, the segments in the finished segment area are determined: all 5 rings of type A segments are taken. If less than 12 rings are needed, 5 rings are taken from the next type of type B segments. If still less than 12 rings, 2 rings are taken from the next type of type C segments. That is, the finished segment area stores 5 rings of type A segments + 5 rings of type B segments + 2 rings of type C segments (these segments are placed in the finished segment area after processing). Next, the segments in the waterproofing operation area are determined: 8 rings of type C segments remain, less than 12 rings. 4 rings are taken from the next type of type D segments. That is, the waterproofing operation area stores 8 rings of type C segments + 4 rings of type D segments. Finally, the segments in the receiving area are determined: 6 rings of type D segments remain, less than 12 rings. Therefore, the segments to be placed in the receiving area are determined to be 6 rings of type D segments, and the remaining capacity of the receiving area is left empty.

[0044] In some embodiments, the storage capacity of the three zones is set to 12 rings, and the segment type is 5 rings of type A segments according to the construction sequence. Then, the finished segment area stores 5 rings of type A segments, and the remaining capacity is left empty. The waterproofing operation area and the receiving area do not store any segments.

[0045] Specifically, during the segment placement process, the working aisle 4 is the necessary path for forklifts to transport segments; therefore, the side closer to the working aisle 4 is the priority area for retrieval. If multiple segment types need to be placed simultaneously within the same zone, the segment types with earlier usage are placed closer to the working aisle 4, and the segment types with later usage are placed further away from the working aisle 4. In this way, when a forklift retrieves a segment, it first retrieves the current segment type from the front area. Once all segments of the current type have been retrieved, construction proceeds to the next stratum, at which point the next segment type can be retrieved directly without searching or re-transferring. This placement method ensures a continuous supply of segments according to usage order, avoiding interruptions to construction due to segment type switching and improving transfer efficiency. In this embodiment, the side closer to the working aisle 4 is defined as the front end of the zone, and the side further away from the working aisle 4 is defined as the rear end. Segments within each zone are retrieved sequentially from the front end to the rear end.

[0046] S400: The tunnel boring machine takes out finished segments from the finished segment area, while waterproofing the segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area to form finished segments. At the same time, the segments to be processed corresponding to the segment model and quantity in the receiving area are placed in the receiving area in sequence. Specifically, after construction begins, the tunnel boring machine continuously retrieves pre-fabricated segments from the pre-fabricated segment area. Simultaneously, in the waterproofing work area, operators use waterstop strip pasting tools (such as specialized rollers, positioning clamps, and waterstop strip cutters) to firmly attach the waterstop strips to the segment joints, ensuring accurate placement, no air bubbles, and no misalignment. After pasting, the segments are left to dry in their designated areas until the waterproofing material reaches the specified curing time, at which point they become qualified pre-fabricated segments. At the same time, segments of the model and quantity specified in step S300 are placed in the receiving area. The operations in the three areas proceed in parallel without interfering with each other.

[0047] S500: If the finished pipe segments in the finished pipe segment area have been taken out, and the pipe segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area have been made into finished pipe segments, and the corresponding pipe segment model and quantity of pipe segments to be processed have been placed in the receiving area, then the original finished pipe segment area will be used as the new receiving area, the original waterproofing operation area will be used as the new finished pipe segment area, and the original receiving area will be used as the new waterproofing operation area. Specifically, when all finished tunnel segments in the prefabricated segment area have been retrieved and the area is completely empty, and the segments in the waterproofing work area have been waterproofed, glued, and dried, becoming qualified finished tunnel segments; and the receiving area has placed the corresponding segment types and quantities of segments awaiting processing, the uses of the three areas switch simultaneously: the original prefabricated segment area becomes the new receiving area for receiving subsequent segments awaiting processing; the original waterproofing work area becomes the new prefabricated segment area, where the finished tunnel segments are available for the tunnel boring machine to retrieve; and the original receiving area becomes the new waterproofing work area for waterproofing the segments already placed there. This switching is completed automatically the moment the segments are retrieved, without the need to move the segments.

[0048] S600: Based on the segment types and quantities of each segment stored in the original finished segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, determine the segment types and quantities to be stored in the new receiving area.

[0049] Furthermore, step S600 includes the following steps: S601: Based on the segment type and quantity of each segment stored in the original finished segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, determine the first segment type remaining after the original receiving area is completed, and use it as the starting segment type. S602: Determine the type and quantity of segments to be stored in the new receiving area based on the remaining demand of the initial segment type and the segment demand of subsequent segment types.

[0050] Specifically, after the zoning purpose switch is completed, the new receiving area (i.e., the original finished pipe segment area) is completely empty, and it is necessary to determine what type and quantity of pipe segments should be placed in this area subsequently. This determination process is based on the following information: the type and quantity of pipe segments stored in each of the original three zones (i.e., the finished pipe segment area before the switch, the waterproofing operation area, and the receiving area), the storage capacity of a single zone, and the construction sequence of the construction layers. The determination process is as follows: First, determine the starting segment type. From the segment types and quantities stored in the original receiving area, determine the last segment type placed in the original receiving area before the switchover. If there is still a remaining demand for this segment type, then this segment type itself becomes the starting segment type of the new receiving area, and its remaining demand is the number of rings of this segment type that have not been placed; if all segments of this segment type have been placed, then the next segment type after this segment type is taken as the starting segment type of the new receiving area according to the construction sequence.

[0051] For example: The original receiving area contains 11 rings of type B pipe segments and 1 ring of type C pipe segments. The last type of pipe segment to be placed is type C pipe segment, and there are still 9 rings of type C pipe segments remaining. Then, type C pipe segments will be the starting pipe segment type for the new receiving area, and the remaining demand is 9 rings.

[0052] If the original receiving area contains 12 rings of type B pipe segments (all type B segments have been used up), and the last type B segment placed is a type B segment, and there are no type B segments remaining, then the next type C segment after the type B segment will be taken as the starting segment type according to the construction sequence.

[0053] Then, starting with the initial segment type, the remaining demand for that initial segment type and the demand for subsequent segment types are used to determine the segment types and quantities that should be stored in the new receiving area. During this process, allocation is performed sequentially by segment type, beginning with the remaining demand for the initial segment type. After the remaining demand for the initial segment type is allocated, allocation continues for the next segment type until the total quantity determined for the new receiving area reaches its storage capacity, or all remaining segment types have been allocated. If all remaining segment types have been allocated but the new receiving area has not yet reached its storage capacity, the remaining capacity of the new receiving area is left vacant.

[0054] S700: Repeat steps S400-S600 until all segment types have been used.

[0055] Specifically, after completing the zone switching and determining the type and quantity of segments to be stored in the new receiving area, the construction proceeds to the next cycle, that is, returning to step S400 to continue execution.

[0056] During the cycle, the three zones perform corresponding operations according to their new uses after the switch: the new finished segment zone (formerly the waterproofing operation zone) is used by the tunnel boring machine to continue to use finished segments; the new waterproofing operation zone (formerly the receiving zone) performs waterproofing operations on the segments placed there to be processed, so that they gradually become finished segments; the new receiving zone (formerly the finished segment zone, now empty) receives and places subsequent segments to be processed in sequence according to the determined segment type and quantity.

[0057] The operations in the three zones are carried out simultaneously without interference. When a new finished tube segment area is emptied again, the three zones complete the purpose switching in step S500 again, then execute step S600 to determine the tube segment type and quantity of the next receiving area, and then enter step S400 again. This cycle repeats, with the three zones taking turns to perform the three functions of receiving, waterproofing, and retrieval.

[0058] Once all remaining segment types have been determined, it indicates that there are no more segments available for continued recycling. Subsequently, segments are sequentially placed into a new receiving area according to the segment types and quantities determined in step S600. After waterproofing, they become finished segments. The entire cycle terminates and construction ends once the tunnel boring machine has used the last batch of segments.

[0059] To ensure long-term stability throughout the entire cycle of use, the stability of the stacked tunnel segments and the unobstructed access of work lane 4 are checked every 8 hours. Forklifts must strictly adhere to work lane 4 during operation and must not cross other zones to avoid colliding with tunnel segments or interfering with operations within those zones. Regular inspections and standardized operations effectively prevent tunnel segment slippage, collapse, or lane blockage, ensuring construction safety and operational efficiency.

[0060] Working Principle: This application determines the required segment type and quantity for each construction stratum based on the geological type and tunnel length. The segment storage area is divided into three zones with equal storage capacity: a prefabricated segment zone, a waterproofing zone, and a receiving zone. The segment type and quantity are determined according to the construction sequence of each stratum. Prefabricated segments of the corresponding type and quantity are placed in the prefabricated segment zone, while segments of the corresponding type and quantity awaiting processing are placed in the waterproofing zone. The tunnel boring machine (TBM) retrieves prefabricated segments from the prefabricated segment zone, while waterproofing is applied to the segments awaiting processing in the waterproofing zone to form prefabricated segments. Simultaneously, the corresponding segments are received from the receiving zone. The types and quantities of tunnel segments to be processed are placed sequentially in the receiving area. If the finished tunnel segments in the finished tunnel segment area have been used up, and the tunnel segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area have been made into finished tunnel segments, and the receiving area has placed a number of tunnel segments to be processed equal to the storage capacity, then the original finished tunnel segment area is designated as the new receiving area, the original waterproofing operation area is designated as the new finished tunnel segment area, and the original receiving area is designated as the new waterproofing operation area. Based on the tunnel segment types and quantities stored in the original finished tunnel segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, the types and quantities of tunnel segments to be stored in the new receiving area are determined. The above process is repeated so that the three zones are used in turn for tunnel segment reception, waterproofing treatment, and tunnel boring machine retrieval. In this way, the various tunnel segments are arranged continuously in physical space according to the construction sequence, avoiding the problem of repeated searching caused by disordered stacking. The retrieval of tunnel segments is quick and accurate, and the actual usable space on site is effectively released. The three operations of retrieval, waterproofing, and receiving are carried out in parallel in three physically separated zones, which are spatially independent and do not intersect. There is no need for additional transportation of tunnel segments, avoiding waiting for procedures and interruption of work, ensuring the overall continuity of shield tunneling construction, which is especially suitable for the construction needs of multiple tunnel segment types in narrow spaces.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Determine the required segment type and quantity for each construction stratum based on the geological type and tunnel length of each construction stratum; S200: Divide the tunnel segment site into three zones with the same storage capacity: finished tunnel segment zone, waterproofing operation zone, and receiving zone. S300: Based on the construction sequence of the construction stratum, determine the segment type and quantity of the segments stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area, and place the finished segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity into the finished segment area, and place the segments of the corresponding segment type and quantity to be processed into the waterproofing operation area. S400: The tunnel boring machine takes the finished segment from the finished segment area, and at the same time, waterproofing is carried out on the segment to be processed in the waterproofing operation area to form a finished segment. Meanwhile, the segment to be processed corresponding to the segment model and quantity in the receiving area are placed in the receiving area in sequence. S500: If the finished pipe segments in the finished pipe segment area have been taken out, and the pipe segments to be processed in the waterproofing operation area have been made into finished pipe segments, and the corresponding pipe segment model and quantity of pipe segments to be processed have been placed in the receiving area, then the original finished pipe segment area will be used as the new receiving area, the original waterproofing operation area will be used as the new finished pipe segment area, and the original receiving area will be used as the new waterproofing operation area. S6 00: Based on the segment type and quantity of each segment stored in the original finished segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and construction sequence, determine the segment type and quantity of the segments to be stored in the new receiving area. S700: Repeat steps S400-S600 until all segment types have been used.

2. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the construction sequence of the aforementioned construction strata, the type and quantity of pipe segments to be stored in the finished pipe segment area, waterproofing operation area, and receiving area are determined, specifically including the following steps: The order of use for each segment type is determined based on the construction sequence of the aforementioned geological strata. According to the usage sequence and the required quantity of each segment type, the segment type and quantity stored in the finished segment area, waterproofing operation area and receiving area are determined sequentially.

3. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S600 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the pipe segment type and quantity stored in the original finished pipe segment area, the original waterproofing operation area, and the original receiving area, as well as the storage capacity and the construction sequence, determine the first pipe segment type remaining after the original receiving area is completed, and use it as the starting pipe segment type. Based on the remaining demand for the initial segment type and the demand for subsequent segment types, determine the segment type and quantity to be stored in the new receiving area.

4. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each segment consists of four sections: the top section, the bottom section, the left section, and the right section.

5. A method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each partition is provided with at least one stacking unit, each stacking unit having a plurality of first columns and a plurality of second columns arranged alternately along a first direction, the first column having a plurality of first stacking positions arranged along a second direction, each first stacking position being used to stack bottom and top segments arranged vertically; the second column having a plurality of second stacking positions arranged along a second direction, each second stacking position being used to stack right and left segments arranged vertically; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

6. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of segment rings stored in each stacking unit is equal to the number of the first stacking positions in the stacking unit, and the storage capacity is equal to the sum of the number of segment rings in all stacking units.

7. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S100 specifically includes the following steps: The geological strata type and tunnel length of each construction section were obtained sequentially; Based on the formation type, a first database is queried to obtain the segment type corresponding to the formation type; the first database includes: multiple formation types and segment types corresponding to each formation type; Based on the tunnel length, calculate the required number of tunnel segments for each section of the construction stratum.

8. The method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunnel segment site has buffer spaces on both sides along the first direction, and the three zones are arranged between two buffer spaces along the first direction; there is a gap between adjacent zones; a working passage is provided on one side of the tunnel segment site along the second direction, and the working passage connects the three zones along the first direction.

9. A method for stacking and using multiple types of shield tunnel segments in a narrow space according to claim 8, characterized in that, The boundaries of the three partitions are marked with boundary markers.

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