A tunnel drilling and blasting construction process slag transport device

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of excavated soil transfer equipment for tunnel construction, specifically a device for transferring excavated soil during tunnel drilling and blasting operations. It includes a conveying mechanism and a receiving trough on one side of the conveying mechanism for guiding material flow. A buffer mechanism is rotatably connected inside the receiving trough. A material equalization mechanism is connected to one end of the conveying mechanism near the receiving trough. The buffer mechanism includes a rotating shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the receiving trough, and a buffer plate is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. This invention uses the buffer plate in conjunction with a torsion spring to convert the impact kinetic energy of the material into the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring. Simultaneously, the reaction force of the torsion spring "pushes" the material in the opposite direction, reducing its falling speed. After the impact force disappears, the torsion spring resets, causing the buffer plate to return to its initial position, preparing for the next buffering operation. This avoids the problems of conveyor belt tearing and wear caused by direct material impact, extends the service life of the conveyor belt, and reduces replacement and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of excavated soil transfer equipment for tunnel construction, specifically a device for transferring excavated soil during tunnel drilling and blasting operations. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel construction, the drill-and-blast method is one of the most widely used excavation methods in mountain tunnels, urban underground tunnels, and other projects due to its strong adaptability, moderate construction cost, and wide range of applicable geological formations. The core process of drill-and-blast construction includes drilling, charging, blasting, muck removal, and support. Among these, muck transportation is a key link connecting blasting operations with subsequent support operations. Its transportation efficiency, stability, and safety directly determine the overall tunnel construction progress, construction cost, and safety of the working environment, and is one of the core bottlenecks restricting the improvement of tunnel drill-and-blast construction efficiency.

[0003] Chinese patent CN222699583U discloses a soil transfer device for tunnel construction. This application uses a third and fourth support rod to adjust the height of the collection port, a rectangular plate to prevent soil from scattering during conveyor belt transport, and a water pump to spray water from the tank onto the soil through nozzles. A positioning plate and laser positioning device are used to assist the driver in aligning the rear load-bearing part of the transfer vehicle with the discharge port, thereby improving loading accuracy.

[0004] The aforementioned and similar existing technologies collect and guide excavated soil onto the conveyor belt via a collection device at one end, and then guide the excavated soil to a transfer device for collection and transportation via a discharge end at the other end. While this can achieve excavated soil transfer to a certain extent, the excavated soil generated during existing tunnel drilling and blasting construction ranges in size from fine powder to oversized boulders. The existing collection device guides the excavated soil onto the conveyor belt, causing large pieces of material inside the excavated soil to directly impact the conveyor belt, leading to damage, reduced service life, or frequent downtime for maintenance. Furthermore, existing conveying devices lack an active material equalization mechanism, and uneven excavated soil accumulation can easily cause localized belt overload, resulting in belt misalignment, edge loosening, and other problems, requiring frequent downtime for adjustments. This makes operation complex and unsuitable for actual production and processing.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a soil transfer device for tunnel drilling and blasting construction that improves the service life of the conveyor belt and uniformly transports the excavated soil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problem of large particles inside the excavated soil directly impacting the conveyor belt, which reduces its service life, a soil transfer device for tunnel drilling and blasting construction has been designed.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a soil transfer device in the tunnel drilling and blasting construction process, including a conveying mechanism and a receiving trough set on one side of the conveying mechanism for guiding the flow of materials. A buffer mechanism is rotatably connected inside the receiving trough, and a material equalization mechanism is connected to one end of the conveying mechanism near the receiving trough. The buffer mechanism includes a rotating shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the receiving trough. A buffer plate is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. Both ends of the rotating shaft extend to the outside of the receiving trough. Symmetrically arranged torsion springs are connected to the parts of the rotating shaft located on the outside of the receiving trough. When the material flows inside the receiving trough and impacts the buffer plate, the buffer plate rotates around the rotating shaft and cooperates with the torsion springs to buffer the impact force of the material. The material distribution mechanism includes a drive shaft and uniformly distributed material distribution plates on the outside of the drive shaft. When the material is buffered by the buffer mechanism and continues to flow, the conveying mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the material distribution plates on the outside of the drive shaft to rotate. The material is then evenly distributed onto the conveying mechanism by the uniformly distributed material distribution plates.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism also includes connecting blocks that are fixedly connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft located on the outside of the receiving trough, and fixing components are connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, one side of the fixing member is fixedly connected to the receiving trough, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through the connecting block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the receiving trough through the fixing member, with the buffer plate located inside the receiving trough.

[0010] Furthermore, the buffer plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft, and the side of the buffer plate that is impacted by the material is provided with several buffer protrusions to reduce the direct impact of the material on the buffer plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the material distribution mechanism also includes a mounting component for mounting the material distribution plate fixedly connected to the outer side of the drive shaft located in the inner area of ​​the receiving trough, and a transmission component fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the material distribution plate is evenly distributed on the outside of the mounting component and fixedly connected to the mounting component, and the two ends of the transmission component are respectively connected to the conveying mechanism and the transmission shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a first synchronous pulley fixedly connected to the conveying mechanism for transmitting power from the conveying mechanism to the drive shaft, and a second synchronous pulley fixedly connected at one end of the drive shaft to the outer part of the receiving trough, and a synchronous belt for driving the first synchronous pulley is connected to the second synchronous pulley.

[0014] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism includes symmetrically arranged side plates, with symmetrically arranged transmission rollers rotatably connected inside the side plates. A conveyor belt is connected to the outer side of the symmetrically arranged transmission rollers. A driving component is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the transmission roller near the receiving trough, which is used to drive the transmission roller to rotate and drive the conveyor belt to convey the material. A discharge trough is provided at the end of the side plate away from the receiving trough for guiding the conveyed material to the subsequent collection and transfer device.

[0015] Furthermore, the first synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission roller away from the driving component.

[0016] Furthermore, a first fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying mechanism, and a second fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving trough.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The present invention discloses a soil transfer device for tunnel drilling and blasting construction. The device uses a buffer plate and a torsion spring to convert the impact kinetic energy of the material into the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring. At the same time, the reaction force of the torsion spring will push the material in the opposite direction, reducing its falling speed. After the impact force disappears, the torsion spring resets, driving the buffer plate back to its initial position to prepare for the next buffering. This avoids the problem of conveyor belt tearing and wear caused by direct impact of material, extends the service life of the conveyor belt, and reduces replacement and maintenance costs. Then, the conveying mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the material distribution plate on the outside of the drive shaft to rotate. The material is then evenly distributed by the evenly arranged material distribution plate, so that the material is evenly conveyed to the conveying mechanism. At the same time, the material distribution plate further buffers the material, reducing the impact of the material on the conveying mechanism. This avoids problems such as conveyor belt deviation, slippage, local deformation or even breakage caused by concentrated accumulation of material, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the conveying system. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the side plate of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A partially enlarged sectional view at point B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the material receiving trough structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the material receiving trough structure of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of a portion at point A; Figure 9 This is a front view of the material receiving trough structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the receiving trough of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 7 A partially enlarged sectional view at point c; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the material equalization mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. First fixed frame; 2. Conveying mechanism; 21. Side plate; 22. Drive roller; 23. Conveyor belt; 24. Drive component; 25. Discharge chute; 3. Second fixed frame; 4. Receiving chute; 5. Buffer mechanism; 51. Rotating shaft; 52. Buffer plate; 521. Buffer protrusion; 53. Connecting block; 54. Torsion spring; 55. Fixing component; 6. Material distribution mechanism; 61. Drive shaft; 62. Mounting component; 63. Material distribution plate; 64. Transmission assembly; 641. First synchronous pulley; 642. Second synchronous pulley; 643. Synchronous belt. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical means, technical features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0022] Example: Figure 1 - Figure 12 As shown, the present invention discloses a soil transfer device for tunnel drilling and blasting construction, comprising a conveying mechanism 2 and a receiving trough 4 for guiding material flow on one side of the conveying mechanism 2. A buffer mechanism 5 is rotatably connected inside the receiving trough 4. A material equalization mechanism 6 is connected to one end of the conveying mechanism 2 near the receiving trough 4. A first fixing frame 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conveying mechanism 2, and a second fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the receiving trough 4. The buffer mechanism 5 includes a rotating shaft 51 with both ends rotatably connected to the receiving trough 4. A buffer plate 52 is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 51. Both ends of the rotating shaft 51 extend to the outside of the receiving trough 4. Symmetrically arranged torsion springs 54 are connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft 51 located on the outside of the receiving trough 4. The material equalization mechanism 6 includes a drive shaft 61 and uniformly distributed material equalization plates 63 arranged on the outside of the drive shaft 61.

[0023] Specifically, the first fixed frame 1 is used to install and support the conveying mechanism 2, and the second fixed frame 3 is used to install and support the receiving trough 4. The conveying mechanism 2 is used to convey the slag material conveyed by the receiving trough 4. When the material flows inside the receiving trough 4 and impacts the buffer plate 52, the impact force drives the buffer plate 52 to rotate around the rotating shaft 51, and the torsion spring 54 is twisted, converting the impact kinetic energy of the material into the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 54. At the same time, the reaction force of the torsion spring 54 will push the material in the opposite direction, reducing its falling speed. After the impact force disappears, the torsion spring 54 resets, driving the buffer plate 52 back to the initial position, preparing for the next buffering, avoiding the tearing and wear of the conveyor belt 23 caused by the direct impact of the material, extending the service life of the conveyor belt 23, and reducing replacement and maintenance costs. Then, as the material is buffered by the buffer mechanism 5 and continues to flow, the conveying mechanism 2 drives the drive shaft 61 to rotate, which in turn drives the material distribution plate 63 on the outside of the drive shaft 61 to rotate. The material is then evenly distributed by the evenly arranged material distribution plate 63, so that the material is evenly conveyed to the conveying mechanism 2. At the same time, the material distribution plate 63 further buffers the material, reducing the impact of the material on the conveying mechanism 2, thereby avoiding the problems of conveyor belt 23 running off-center, slipping, local deformation or even breaking caused by concentrated accumulation of material, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the conveying system.

[0024] In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 5 further includes connecting blocks 53 fixedly connected to the portions of the rotating shaft 51 located on the outer sides of the receiving trough 4, and fixing members 55 are respectively connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft 51; specifically, as shown in the figure Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, one side of the fixing member 55 is fixedly connected to the receiving trough 4. One end of the torsion spring 54 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 51 through the connecting block 53, and the other end is fixedly connected to the receiving trough 4 through the fixing member 55. The buffer plate 52 is located inside the receiving trough 4 and is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft 51. The side of the buffer plate 52 that is impacted by the material is provided with several buffer protrusions 521. The buffer protrusions 521 can be made of flexible material to reduce the direct impact of the material on the buffer plate 52. The torsion spring 54, also known as a torsion spring, is a helical spring that uses elastic deformation to generate torque or rotational force to store and release energy. The material impacts the buffer plate 52, causing it to rotate and open to allow the material to continue flowing. The impact force of the material can drive the buffer plate 52 to rotate. The height of the buffer plate 52 is greater than the size of the large object inside the material, so the buffer plate 52 will not block the material from falling.

[0025] In this embodiment, the material equalization mechanism 6 further includes a mounting component 62 for mounting the material equalization plate 63, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the drive shaft 61 located in the inner area of ​​the receiving trough 4. A transmission assembly 64 is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft 61. The transmission assembly 64 includes a first synchronous pulley 641 fixedly connected to the conveying mechanism 2, and a second synchronous pulley 642 fixedly connected to the outer part of the receiving trough 4 at one end of the drive shaft 61. A synchronous belt 643 for driving the first synchronous pulley 641 is connected to the second synchronous pulley 642.

[0026] Specifically, such as Figure 6 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the drive shaft 61 is rotatably connected to the receiving trough 4 and its two ends extend to the outside of the receiving trough 4. The mounting part 62 is located inside the receiving trough 4 on the outside of the drive shaft 61 and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 61. The first synchronous wheel 641 is used to transmit the power of the conveying mechanism 2 to the drive shaft 61. The material leveling plate 63 is evenly distributed on the outside of the mounting part 62 and is fixedly connected to the mounting part 62. At the same time, the material leveling plate 63 is set at equal intervals, which can divide the conveying into several groups and convey them evenly to the subsequent conveying mechanism 2. The number of material leveling plates 63 can be set according to the actual situation. The transmission assembly 64 is connected to the conveying mechanism 2 and the transmission shaft 61 at both ends, respectively. The transmission assembly 64 adopts a transmission method using a synchronous belt 643 and a synchronous pulley. The synchronous belt 643 is a closed annular rubber belt with teeth evenly distributed on its inner circumference for meshing with the synchronous pulley to transmit power. The synchronous pulley is a pulley that cooperates with the synchronous belt 643, and its outer circumference has tooth grooves that match the tooth profile of the synchronous belt 643. Synchronous transmission is achieved through the meshing of teeth and grooves. This design ensures a constant transmission ratio and no slippage, making it suitable for high-precision and high-speed transmission scenarios. At the same time, the transmission assembly 64 can also adopt any other structure that can achieve the same effect, such as gear transmission.

[0027] In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism 2 includes symmetrically arranged side plates 21, with symmetrically arranged transmission rollers 22 rotatably connected inside the side plates 21. A conveyor belt 23 is connected to the outer side of the symmetrically arranged transmission rollers 22. A drive member 24 is fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the transmission rollers 22 near the receiving trough 4, which is used to drive the transmission rollers 22 to rotate and drive the conveyor belt 23 to convey materials. A discharge trough 25 is provided at the end of the side plates 21 away from the receiving trough 4.

[0028] Specifically, such as Figure 3 - Figure 5As shown, the side plates 21 are symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the first fixed frame 1, and the symmetrically arranged transmission rollers 22 are located at both ends inside the side plates 21. The first synchronous wheel 641 is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission roller 22 away from the driving member 24. The inner side of the conveyor belt 23 is connected to the transmission roller 22. The driving member 24 is a motor, which drives the transmission roller 22 to rotate, thereby driving the conveyor belt 23 to rotate and convey the material at the upper end. The discharge chute 25 is used to guide the conveyed material to the subsequent collection and transfer device. The material conveyed by the receiving chute 4 at the upper end of the conveyor belt 23 is discharged through the discharge chute 25 to the subsequent transfer vehicle for collection and transportation. The conveying mechanism 2 can also be set to any other structure that can achieve the same effect.

[0029] Working principle: First, the slag material is collected by the receiving trough 4 and guided to flow to the upper end of the subsequent conveying mechanism 2. When the material flows inside the receiving trough 4 and impacts the buffer plate 52, the impact force causes the buffer plate 52 to rotate around the rotating shaft 51. The torsion spring 54 is twisted, converting the impact kinetic energy of the material into the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 54. At the same time, the reaction force of the torsion spring 54 will push the material in the opposite direction, reducing its falling speed. After the impact force disappears, the torsion spring 54 resets, driving the buffer plate 52 back to the initial position, preparing for the next buffering. This avoids the problem of tearing and wear of the conveyor belt 23 caused by direct impact of the material, extends the service life of the conveyor belt 23, and reduces replacement and maintenance costs. Next, as the material is buffered by the buffer mechanism 5 and continues to flow, the transmission shaft 61 is driven to rotate by the conveying mechanism 2, which in turn drives the material distribution plate 63 on the outside of the transmission shaft 61 to rotate. The material is then evenly distributed by the evenly arranged material distribution plate 63, so that the material is evenly conveyed to the conveying mechanism 2. At the same time, the material distribution plate 63 further buffers the material, reducing the impact of the material on the conveying mechanism 2, thereby avoiding the problems of conveyor belt 23 running off track, slipping, local deformation or even breaking caused by concentrated accumulation of material, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the conveying system. Then the slag material is smoothly and evenly transported to the upper end of the conveyor belt 23, and the drive roller 22 is driven to rotate by the drive component 24, which in turn drives the conveyor belt 23 to continue transporting the slag material. The slag material is then discharged through the discharge chute 25 into the subsequent transfer device for collection and subsequent transportation.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil and waste transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction, comprising a conveying mechanism and a receiving trough disposed on one side of the conveying mechanism for guiding material flow, characterized in that: The receiving trough is rotatably connected to a buffer mechanism, and the conveying mechanism is connected to a material leveling mechanism at one end near the receiving trough. The buffer mechanism includes a rotating shaft with both ends rotatably connected to the receiving trough. A buffer plate is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. Both ends of the rotating shaft extend to the outside of the receiving trough. Symmetrically arranged torsion springs are connected to the parts of the rotating shaft located on the outside of the receiving trough. When the material flows inside the receiving trough and impacts the buffer plate, the buffer plate rotates around the rotating shaft and cooperates with the torsion springs to buffer the impact force of the material. The material distribution mechanism includes a drive shaft and uniformly distributed material distribution plates on the outside of the drive shaft. When the material is buffered by the buffer mechanism and continues to flow, the conveying mechanism drives the drive shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the material distribution plates on the outside of the drive shaft to rotate. The material is then evenly distributed onto the conveying mechanism by the uniformly distributed material distribution plates.

2. The excavated soil transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer mechanism also includes connecting blocks that are fixedly connected to both ends of the rotating shaft at the outer sides of the receiving trough, and fixing parts are connected to both ends of the rotating shaft respectively.

3. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the fixing component is fixedly connected to the receiving trough, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft through the connecting block, and the other end is fixedly connected to the receiving trough through the fixing component. The buffer plate is located inside the receiving trough.

4. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The buffer plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft. The side of the buffer plate that is impacted by the material is provided with several buffer protrusions to reduce the direct impact of the material on the buffer plate.

5. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The material distribution mechanism also includes a mounting component for mounting the material distribution plate fixedly connected to the outer side of the drive shaft located in the inner area of ​​the receiving trough, and a transmission component fixedly connected to the outer side of one end of the drive shaft.

6. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The uniform material plate is evenly distributed on the outside of the mounting component and is fixedly connected to the mounting component. The two ends of the transmission component are respectively connected to the conveying mechanism and the transmission shaft.

7. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a first synchronous pulley fixedly connected to the conveying mechanism for transmitting power from the conveying mechanism to the drive shaft. One end of the drive shaft is fixedly connected to a second synchronous pulley located on the outer side of the receiving trough. A synchronous belt for driving the first synchronous pulley is connected to the second synchronous pulley.

8. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism includes symmetrically arranged side plates, with symmetrically arranged transmission rollers rotatably connected inside the side plates. A conveyor belt is connected to the outside of the symmetrically arranged transmission rollers. A driving component is fixedly connected to the outside of one end of the transmission roller near the receiving trough, which is used to drive the transmission roller to rotate and drive the conveyor belt to convey the material. A discharge trough is provided at the end of the side plate away from the receiving trough to guide the conveyed material to the subsequent collection and transfer device.

9. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first synchronous pulley is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission roller away from the driving component.

10. A soil and debris transfer device during tunnel drilling and blasting construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to a first fixed frame, and the bottom of the receiving trough is fixedly connected to a second fixed frame.

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