A precise control method for adjustable hardness of water outlet of a non-electric softener

Abstract

The present application relates to softening water treatment equipment and mechanical fluid control technical field, specifically for the precise control method of adjustable hardness of outlet water of non-electric softener, including the following steps: S1, the raw water is introduced into the non-electric softener, confirms the raw water hardness, raw water pressure and resin working state, and according to the raw water hardness, the hardness setting mechanism of control head is pre-set;S2, part of raw water enters the resin exchange unit to soften, and the other part bypasses the resin exchange unit through the bypass water mixing channel;S3, in the service water supply stage, the mixing ratio of the bypass raw water and softened water is kept stable in the pre-set flow range by using the flow limiting and pressure stabilizing structure;The present application can realize residual hardness setting and stable output without electronic controller and power supply, and the target hardness can be reproduced relatively stably at different times and different maintenance periods under the same setting position, the sudden change of water quality at the user end is reduced through pre-regeneration margin compensation and post-regeneration stable flow transition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of softened water treatment equipment and mechanical fluid control technology, specifically a precise control method for adjustable hardness of water output from a non-electric water softener. Background Technology

[0002] Water softeners are widely used in residential buildings, villas, boiler pretreatment, hot water systems, washing equipment, and commercial water supply. Their main function is to remove calcium and magnesium ions from the water to reduce water hardness, reduce scale, and improve the end-user experience.

[0003] However, in practical applications, lower water hardness is not always better. In many scenarios, users prefer "controllable residual hardness" rather than absolutely zero hardness water. For example:

[0004] Residents in some areas prefer to retain a small amount of mineral flavor;

[0005] Some hot water systems only require prevention of severe scaling, not complete descaling;

[0006] In some applications, the degree of softening needs to be controlled in order to balance taste, corrosiveness, and usage costs.

[0007] In complex operating conditions such as dual-column, bypass, and regeneration switching, the balance between complete softening and partial mixing is crucial.

[0008] In existing technologies, the main problems with controlling effluent hardness are as follows:

[0009] 1. Traditional water softeners often emphasize "complete softening" and lack a precise and adjustable mechanism.

[0010] Many water softeners only provide full-flow softened water from the resin, lacking a fine-tuning mechanism for residual hardness. Even those with bypass mixing features often only have a coarse opening and closing mechanism, failing to provide precise adjustment.

[0011] 2. The existing bypass mixing method lacks stability.

[0012] Although some devices are equipped with bypass channels, they are susceptible to the following factors in actual use:

[0013] Fluctuations in inlet water pressure;

[0014] Changes in total flow;

[0015] Changes in resin layer pressure drop;

[0016] Changes in softening capacity before and after regeneration;

[0017] Differences in flow resistance within the valve body;

[0018] This results in inconsistent water hardness even at the same adjustment position.

[0019] 3. The hardness of the effluent fluctuates significantly before and after regeneration.

[0020] In traditional equipment, the resin exchange capacity decreases and the effluent water quality begins to change just before regeneration is triggered. Immediately after regeneration, residual brine and flow path resetting fluctuations may cause a significant short-term deviation in effluent hardness. If the equipment also uses bypass mixing, these fluctuations become even more difficult to control.

[0021] 4. Non-electric water softeners lack precise methods for controlling water hardness.

[0022] For electrically controlled water softeners, complex water quality control can be achieved through electronic flow meters, electronically controlled valves, and algorithm adjustments. However, non-electric water softeners mainly rely on mechanical structures. Although these structures are simple and highly reliable, they are often considered difficult to achieve high-precision control of the output water hardness. Many non-electric products can only achieve simple coarse hardness adjustment, and struggle to achieve:

[0023] Can be repeated;

[0024] Stable performance under various pressure conditions;

[0025] It can be combined with regeneration status compensation;

[0026] It can maintain consistency when switching between two columns.

[0027] 5. Lack of engineering adjustment logic consistent with the installation and maintenance manual.

[0028] Based on existing user and installation manuals for non-electric water softeners, the equipment typically already possesses:

[0029] Hardness adjustment scale;

[0030] Residual hardness adjustment screw;

[0031] Bypass position switching;

[0032] First-time recycled prefabrication;

[0033] Manual regeneration startup;

[0034] brine valve and drainage structure;

[0035] Dual-column communication or linkage structure;

[0036] However, existing technologies are mostly limited to "how to install, how to rotate, and how to connect," and have not yet formed a systematic methodology for precisely controlling the residual hardness output of electric water softeners. Therefore, a precise control method for adjustable hardness of water output from electric water softeners is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0037] In view of this, the present invention provides a precise control method for adjustable water hardness of a non-electric water softener, in order to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0038] The technical solution of this invention is achieved as follows: a precise control method for adjustable water hardness in a non-electric water softener, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. Introduce raw water into the non-electric water softener, confirm the raw water hardness, raw water pressure and resin working status, and preset the hardness setting mechanism of the control head according to the raw water hardness.

[0040] S2. A portion of the raw water enters the resin exchange unit for softening, while the other portion bypasses the resin exchange unit via the bypass mixing channel.

[0041] S3. During the water supply service phase, the flow-limiting and pressure-stabilizing structure is used to keep the mixing ratio of the bypass raw water and softened water stable within a preset flow range.

[0042] S4. When the cumulative water consumption approaches the resin regeneration threshold, the relationship between the remaining exchange capacity of the resin and the bypass mixing ratio is compensated and corrected to reduce the hardness drift of the effluent before regeneration.

[0043] S5. After the water softener enters regeneration and completes backwashing, salt absorption, slow wash, fast wash and reset, the mixing adjustment mechanism returns to the preset working position.

[0044] S6. During the water supply recovery phase after regeneration, the initial effluent is subjected to a steady flow transition to allow the bypass raw water and softened water to re-establish a stable mixing ratio.

[0045] S7. Under conditions of raw water pressure change, bypass switching, long-term shutdown, first commissioning or reuse after maintenance, the mixing ratio and hardness settings shall be manually checked or mechanically compensated.

[0046] S8. Repeatedly set and reproduce the residual hardness of the effluent using reference scale, mechanical limit components, or standard conversion relationships;

[0047] S9. By periodic sampling and manual fine-tuning, the residual hardness of the effluent is maintained within the target hardness range.

[0048] More preferably, the raw water hardness preset in step S1 is accomplished by a hardness setting mechanism on the control head, and the hardness setting mechanism includes one or more of the following:

[0049] Hardness scale;

[0050] Mechanical adjusting screws marked in yellow or other colors;

[0051] Refer to the arrow;

[0052] Conversion between ppm and French degree;

[0053] A turntable structure with hierarchical positioning;

[0054] The raw water hardness is set using one of the following standards: ppm, French degree, German degree, or their equivalent values, to provide a unified reference for adjusting the residual hardness of effluent under different raw water conditions in different regions.

[0055] More preferably, the current-limiting and voltage-regulating structure in step S3 includes one or more of the following:

[0056] Small-aperture throttling device;

[0057] Voltage stabilizing chamber;

[0058] Diversion buffer chamber;

[0059] Fixed specific resistance channel;

[0060] Flexible compensation components;

[0061] It is used to limit the instantaneous change in bypass flow rate when the influent dynamic pressure fluctuates, reduce the deviation of residual hardness in the effluent caused by flow velocity fluctuations, and thus improve the consistency of the target hardness output.

[0062] More preferably, the compensation correction in step S4 includes:

[0063] Based on the change in the remaining exchange capacity of the resin softening unit, the target mixing ratio is adjusted in advance so that the hardness of the mixed water does not significantly exceed the standard due to the increase in the hardness of the resin effluent in the stage before the resin is regenerated.

[0064] The compensation correction is achieved through at least one of the following methods:

[0065] Reserve resin storage capacity in advance;

[0066] Set the regeneration trigger margin;

[0067] Limit compensation is applied to the mixing channel at the end of the service life;

[0068] A smaller bypass opening is used as a baseline for peak water usage periods.

[0069] More preferably, in steps S5 and S6, the post-regeneration water supply restoration stage includes:

[0070] Restore the program location to the service location;

[0071] Keep the bypass adjustment mechanism in its preset position;

[0072] During the initial recovery phase, a low-flow-rate transition period should be implemented.

[0073] The residual salt solution inside the resin layer is gradually eliminated before the stable mixed water output is achieved.

[0074] This is to reduce the hardness fluctuations and short-term salinity effects of the initial effluent after regeneration.

[0075] More preferably, the special working condition compensation in step S7 includes at least one or more of the following situations:

[0076] Before initial commissioning, brine pre-preparation and initial regeneration must be completed.

[0077] Before reusing the system after a long period of downtime, compensation regeneration or long-term discharge must be performed.

[0078] When reassembling the bypass assembly after maintenance, the residual hardness setting needs to be recalibrated.

[0079] When the static pressure of the main water supply exceeds the preset upper limit, a pressure reducing device must be installed before hardness adjustment can be performed.

[0080] When the dynamic pressure of the main water supply is lower than the preset lower limit, the mixing stability of the bypass needs to be reconfirmed.

[0081] More preferably, the target hardness reproduction in step S8 is achieved in the following way:

[0082] Record the correspondence between the raw water hardness setpoint and the residual hardness adjustment position;

[0083] Establish a mechanical calibration table for raw water hardness, bypass opening, and target residual hardness;

[0084] Establish experience-based adjustment levels for different seasons, different floor pressures, and different water usage patterns;

[0085] This allows users or installers to quickly restore the water hardness to the predetermined state after subsequent maintenance, relocation, or resin replacement.

[0086] In a further preferred embodiment, in a dual-column, non-electric water softener, steps S3 to S6 further include dual-column consistency control logic, namely:

[0087] The first column outputs the target residual hardness according to the set mixing ratio during service.

[0088] The second column maintains the same hardness setting benchmark after standby or regeneration is completed;

[0089] The switching impact is mitigated during the switching of the two columns through a short-term steady-flow phase.

[0090] To avoid significant changes in residual hardness of the effluent before and after switching due to differences in the softening capabilities of the two columns.

[0091] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0092] I. This invention can achieve residual hardness setting and stable output without electronic controller or power supply. Under the same setting position, the target hardness can still be stably reproduced after different times and different maintenance cycles. By compensating for the margin before regeneration and stabilizing the flow after regeneration, sudden changes in water quality at the user end are reduced.

[0093] Second, this invention achieves rapid adaptation to different regions through a raw water hardness setting mechanism. It can obtain near-zero hardness water or retain an appropriate amount of residual hardness as needed. It can be implemented using mature structures such as control head, bypass, adjusting screw, dial, and brine valve. This method is suitable for both household single-column water softeners and continuous water supply dual-column non-electric water softening systems.

[0094] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0095] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0096] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of the method of the present invention.

[0097] Figure 2 This is the residual hardness adjustment logic diagram of the present invention;

[0098] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the compensation process for special working conditions in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0099] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0100] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0101] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a precise control method for adjustable water hardness in a non-electric water softener, comprising the following steps:

[0102] S1. Introduce raw water into the non-electric water softener, confirm the raw water hardness, raw water pressure and resin working status, and preset the hardness setting mechanism of the control head according to the raw water hardness.

[0103] S2. A portion of the raw water enters the resin exchange unit for softening, while the other portion bypasses the resin exchange unit via the bypass mixing channel.

[0104] S3. During the water supply service phase, the flow-limiting and pressure-stabilizing structure is used to keep the mixing ratio of bypass raw water and softened water stable within the preset flow range.

[0105] S4. When the cumulative water consumption approaches the resin regeneration threshold, the relationship between the remaining exchange capacity of the resin and the bypass mixing ratio is compensated and corrected to reduce the hardness drift of the effluent before regeneration.

[0106] S5. After the water softener enters regeneration and completes backwashing, salt absorption, slow wash, fast wash and reset, the mixing adjustment mechanism returns to the preset working position.

[0107] S6. During the water supply recovery phase after regeneration, the initial effluent is subjected to a steady flow transition to allow the bypass raw water and softened water to re-establish a stable mixing ratio.

[0108] S7. Under conditions of raw water pressure change, bypass switching, long-term shutdown, first commissioning or reuse after maintenance, the mixing ratio and hardness settings shall be manually checked or mechanically compensated.

[0109] S8. Repeatedly set and reproduce the residual hardness of the effluent using reference scale, mechanical limit components, or standard conversion relationships;

[0110] S9. Through regular sampling and manual fine-tuning, the residual hardness of the effluent is maintained within the target hardness range.

[0111] In one embodiment, the raw water hardness preset in step S1 is accomplished by a hardness setting mechanism on the control head, and the hardness setting mechanism includes one or more of the following:

[0112] Hardness scale;

[0113] Mechanical adjusting screws marked in yellow or other colors;

[0114] Refer to the arrow;

[0115] Conversion between ppm and French degree;

[0116] A turntable structure with hierarchical positioning;

[0117] The raw water hardness is set using one of the following standards: ppm, French degree, German degree, or their equivalent values, to provide a unified reference for adjusting the residual hardness of effluent under different raw water conditions in different regions.

[0118] In one embodiment, the current-limiting voltage regulator structure in step S3 includes one or more of the following:

[0119] Small-aperture throttling device;

[0120] Voltage stabilizing chamber;

[0121] Diversion buffer chamber;

[0122] Fixed specific resistance channel;

[0123] Flexible compensation components;

[0124] It is used to limit the instantaneous change in bypass flow rate when the influent dynamic pressure fluctuates, reduce the deviation of residual hardness in the effluent caused by flow velocity fluctuations, and thus improve the consistency of the target hardness output.

[0125] In one embodiment, the compensation correction in step S4 includes:

[0126] Based on the change in the remaining exchange capacity of the resin softening unit, the target mixing ratio is adjusted in advance so that the hardness of the mixed water does not significantly exceed the standard due to the increase in the hardness of the resin effluent in the stage before the resin is regenerated.

[0127] Compensation correction is achieved through at least one of the following methods:

[0128] Reserve resin storage capacity in advance;

[0129] Set the regeneration trigger margin;

[0130] Limit compensation is applied to the mixing channel at the end of the service life;

[0131] A smaller bypass opening is used as a baseline for peak water usage periods.

[0132] In one embodiment, steps S5 and S6, the post-regeneration water supply restoration stage includes:

[0133] Restore the program location to the service location;

[0134] Keep the bypass adjustment mechanism in its preset position;

[0135] During the initial recovery phase, a low-flow-rate transition period should be implemented.

[0136] The residual salt solution inside the resin layer is gradually eliminated before the stable mixed water output is achieved.

[0137] This is to reduce the hardness fluctuations and short-term salinity effects of the initial effluent after regeneration.

[0138] In one embodiment, the special operating condition compensation in step S7 includes at least one or more of the following situations:

[0139] Before initial commissioning, brine pre-preparation and initial regeneration must be completed.

[0140] Before reusing the system after a long period of downtime, compensation regeneration or long-term discharge must be performed.

[0141] When reassembling the bypass assembly after maintenance, the residual hardness setting needs to be recalibrated.

[0142] When the static pressure of the main water supply exceeds the preset upper limit, a pressure reducing device must be installed before hardness adjustment can be performed.

[0143] When the dynamic pressure of the main water supply is lower than the preset lower limit, the mixing stability of the bypass needs to be reconfirmed.

[0144] In one embodiment, the target hardness reproduction in step S8 is achieved in the following way:

[0145] Record the correspondence between the raw water hardness setpoint and the residual hardness adjustment position;

[0146] Establish a mechanical calibration table for raw water hardness, bypass opening, and target residual hardness;

[0147] Establish experience-based adjustment levels for different seasons, different floor pressures, and different water usage patterns;

[0148] This allows users or installers to quickly restore the water hardness to the predetermined state after subsequent maintenance, relocation, or resin replacement.

[0149] In one embodiment, in a dual-column non-electric water softener, steps S3 to S6 further include dual-column consistency control logic, namely:

[0150] The first column outputs the target residual hardness according to the set mixing ratio during service.

[0151] The second column maintains the same hardness setting benchmark after standby or regeneration is completed;

[0152] The switching impact is mitigated during the switching of the two columns through a short-term steady-flow phase.

[0153] To avoid significant changes in residual hardness of the effluent before and after switching due to differences in the softening capabilities of the two columns.

[0154] Example 1: Precise Adjustment of Residual Hardness in a Household Single-Column Electricity-Free Water Softener

[0155] 1. Equipment Structure

[0156] The device in this embodiment includes:

[0157] No electrical control head;

[0158] Resin containers;

[0159] Bypass component;

[0160] Residual hardness adjustment screw;

[0161] Hardness setting dial;

[0162] Salt tank and brine valve;

[0163] Drainage channel.

[0164] 2. Operating Condition Settings

[0165] The raw water hardness of a residential building is 300 ppm. The user wants to control the residual hardness of the effluent to between 40 and 60 ppm in order to balance scale prevention and taste requirements.

[0166] 3. Implementation Steps

[0167] Adjust the hardness setting dial of the control head to the corresponding position of 300ppm according to the hardness of the raw water;

[0168] Turn the residual hardness adjustment screw counterclockwise from the fully closed position to a preset angle to allow a small amount of raw water to bypass and mix in.

[0169] Turn on a small amount of water and test the residual hardness after the flow field stabilizes.

[0170] If the detected value is too low, the bypass opening is slightly increased; if it is too high, the bypass opening is decreased.

[0171] Record the screw positions corresponding to the hardness of the raw water;

[0172] When the water softener is close to the regeneration threshold, reserve capacity to prevent the hardness from rising rapidly in the final stage.

[0173] 4. Effects

[0174] After multiple rounds of water testing, this embodiment can stably control the hardness of the effluent within the target range without relying on the electronic control module, and the fluctuation before and after regeneration is small.

[0175] Example 2: Application in high-rise residential buildings under decompression conditions

[0176] 1. Background

[0177] High-rise residential buildings have higher static pressure, and if used directly, the mixing ratio of the bypass can easily deviate.

[0178] 2. Handling Method

[0179] A pressure reducing device is installed before the main inlet to keep the static pressure within a preset safe range before adjusting the residual hardness.

[0180] 3. Key Points of the Method

[0181] First reduce the pressure, then adjust the mixing screw;

[0182] The dynamic pressure condition, rather than the static pressure alone, is used as the verification basis;

[0183] Record the residual hardness data at different flow points after decompression.

[0184] 4. Effects

[0185] This embodiment can significantly reduce the impact of water pressure fluctuations on the mixing ratio and improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0186] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A precise control method for adjustable water hardness in a non-electric water softener, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Introduce raw water into the non-electric water softener, confirm the raw water hardness, raw water pressure and resin working status, and preset the hardness setting mechanism of the control head according to the raw water hardness. S2. A portion of the raw water enters the resin exchange unit for softening, while the other portion bypasses the resin exchange unit via the bypass mixing channel. S3. During the water supply service phase, the flow-limiting and pressure-stabilizing structure is used to keep the mixing ratio of the bypass raw water and softened water stable within a preset flow range. S4. When the cumulative water consumption approaches the resin regeneration threshold, the relationship between the remaining exchange capacity of the resin and the bypass mixing ratio is compensated and corrected to reduce the hardness drift of the effluent before regeneration. S5. After the water softener enters regeneration and completes backwashing, salt absorption, slow wash, fast wash and reset, the mixing adjustment mechanism returns to the preset working position. S6. During the water supply recovery phase after regeneration, the initial effluent is subjected to a steady flow transition to allow the bypass raw water and softened water to re-establish a stable mixing ratio. S7. Under conditions of raw water pressure change, bypass switching, long-term shutdown, first commissioning or reuse after maintenance, the mixing ratio and hardness settings shall be manually checked or mechanically compensated. S8. Repeatedly set and reproduce the residual hardness of the effluent using reference scale, mechanical limit components, or standard conversion relationships; S9. By periodic sampling and manual fine-tuning, the residual hardness of the effluent is maintained within the target hardness range.

2. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw water hardness preset in step S1 is accomplished by a hardness setting mechanism on the control head, and the hardness setting mechanism includes one or more of the following: Hardness scale; Mechanical adjusting screws marked in yellow or other colors; Refer to the arrow; Conversion between ppm and French degree; A turntable structure with hierarchical positioning; The raw water hardness is set using one of the following standards: ppm, French degree, German degree, or their equivalent values, to provide a unified reference for adjusting the residual hardness of effluent under different raw water conditions in different regions.

3. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current-limiting voltage-stabilizing structure in step S3 includes one or more of the following: Small-aperture throttling device; Voltage stabilizing chamber; Diversion buffer chamber; Fixed specific resistance channel; Flexible compensation components; It is used to limit the instantaneous change in bypass flow rate when the influent dynamic pressure fluctuates, reduce the deviation of residual hardness in the effluent caused by flow velocity fluctuations, and thus improve the consistency of the target hardness output.

4. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation correction in step S4 includes: Based on the change in the remaining exchange capacity of the resin softening unit, the target mixing ratio is adjusted in advance so that the hardness of the mixed water does not significantly exceed the standard due to the increase in the hardness of the resin effluent in the stage before the resin is regenerated. The compensation correction is achieved through at least one of the following methods: Reserve resin storage capacity in advance; Set the regeneration trigger margin; Limit compensation is applied to the mixing channel at the end of the service life; A smaller bypass opening is used as a baseline for peak water usage periods.

5. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S5 and S6, the post-regeneration water supply restoration stage includes: Restore the program location to the service location; Keep the bypass adjustment mechanism in its preset position; During the initial recovery phase, a low-flow-rate transition period should be implemented. The residual salt solution inside the resin layer is gradually eliminated before the stable mixed water output is achieved. This is to reduce the hardness fluctuations and short-term salinity effects of the initial effluent after regeneration.

6. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The special working condition compensation in step S7 includes at least one or more of the following situations: Before initial commissioning, brine pre-preparation and initial regeneration must be completed. Before reusing the system after a long period of downtime, compensation regeneration or long-term discharge must be performed. When reassembling the bypass assembly after maintenance, the residual hardness setting needs to be recalibrated. When the static pressure of the main water supply exceeds the preset upper limit, a pressure reducing device must be installed before hardness adjustment can be performed. When the dynamic pressure of the main water supply is lower than the preset lower limit, the mixing stability of the bypass needs to be reconfirmed.

7. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target hardness reproduction in step S8 is achieved through the following method: Record the correspondence between the raw water hardness setpoint and the residual hardness adjustment position; Establish a mechanical calibration table for raw water hardness, bypass opening, and target residual hardness; Establish experience-based adjustment levels for different seasons, different floor pressures, and different water usage patterns; This allows users or installers to quickly restore the water hardness to the predetermined state after subsequent maintenance, relocation, or resin replacement.

8. The precise control method for adjustable water hardness of the non-electric water softener according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dual-column non-electric water softener, steps S3 to S6 further include dual-column consistency control logic, namely: The first column outputs the target residual hardness according to the set mixing ratio during service. The second column maintains the same hardness setting benchmark after standby or regeneration is completed; The switching impact is mitigated during the switching of the two columns through a short-term steady-flow phase. To avoid significant changes in residual hardness of the effluent before and after switching due to differences in the softening capabilities of the two columns.

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