A treatment device and method based on fluorine-containing sulfuric acid recycling

Abstract

This invention discloses a treatment device and method based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid, relating to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology. The invention utilizes a calcium agent spraying and mixing component installed at the front end of the reaction tank. Calcium agent is sprayed from the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluorinated acidic wastewater through nozzles and exited from the inside through a conical spray channel, thus forming a multi-point spray mixing system within the mixing tube. Compared to single-point calcium agent addition, this improves the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and fluoride pollutants in the fluorinated acidic wastewater, reduces scaling and clogging problems caused by excessively high local calcium agent concentrations, and improves the efficiency of the defluorination reaction. The invention also includes a flow rate acceleration component and a stirring component, which increase the flow rate of the pre-mixed liquid through an inner constriction tank and create swirling disturbances through spiral blades, reducing the fluoride content in the wastewater and achieving pollution control of the fluorinated acidic wastewater and subsequent sulfuric acid recovery and utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water pollution control and treatment technology, specifically to a treatment device and method based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid. Background Technology

[0002] Fluorosulfuric acid wastewater typically originates from fluorochemical processes, electronic etching, metal surface treatment, pickling, fluorine-containing material production, and related wet processing. This type of wastewater usually contains sulfuric acid, fluoride ions, fluorosilicate ions, or other fluorine-containing contaminants, characterized by high acidity, strong corrosiveness, and high fluoride pollution load. If discharged directly without effective treatment, the fluorine contaminants in the wastewater will enter the aquatic environment, causing pollution of surface water, groundwater, and soil, and potentially adversely affecting aquatic life and human health. Therefore, the treatment of fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is an important aspect of water pollution control and treatment.

[0003] Currently, a common treatment method for fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is to add calcium agents to the wastewater. This causes calcium ions to react with fluoride ions in the wastewater to form insoluble calcium fluoride precipitate. Solid-liquid separation is then achieved through precipitation, filtration, or pressure filtration, thereby reducing the fluoride content in the wastewater. This method is relatively mature, has widely available reagents, and is suitable for defluorination treatment of various types of fluoride-containing wastewater. Furthermore, for fluoride-containing sulfuric acid wastewater, after reducing the fluoride content, the treated liquid can be further processed through concentration, purification, or reuse to enhance the recycling value of sulfuric acid resources.

[0004] However, existing fluoride-containing sulfuric acid wastewater treatment devices still have certain shortcomings in actual operation. Traditional calcium agent dosing methods often use single-point dosing or ordinary pipeline dosing. After entering the wastewater, the calcium agent tends to concentrate in local areas, resulting in excessively high local calcium ion concentrations. On the one hand, the reaction between calcium agent and fluoride ions is not uniform enough, affecting the removal efficiency of fluoride ions. On the other hand, local supersaturation can easily cause calcium fluoride or calcium sulfate to scale and deposit at the dosing port, the inner wall of the pipeline, or local locations in the reactor, leading to blockages, frequent cleaning, and decreased operational stability. These problems not only reduce the pollution treatment efficiency of fluoride-containing wastewater but also affect the stability of the treated liquid entering subsequent sulfuric acid recovery, recycling, or compliant discharge processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a treatment device and method based on the recovery and utilization of fluoride-containing sulfuric acid. This solves the problems in existing treatment processes for fluoride-containing acidic wastewater, where the calcium agent is added at concentrated locations and mixed unevenly, easily leading to excessively high local calcium agent concentrations. This causes calcium fluoride or calcium sulfate to scale and clog near the addition location, affecting the fluoride ion removal efficiency and subsequent sulfuric acid recovery and utilization.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid, comprising a reaction tank, an inlet pipe provided on one side of the reaction tank, a flow rate accelerating component provided at the end of the inlet pipe away from the reaction tank, a calcium agent spraying and mixing component provided at the end of the flow rate accelerating component away from the inlet pipe, and a stirring component provided inside the reaction tank; The calcium agent spraying and mixing assembly includes a mixing pipe, a nozzle, an annular supply pipe, a first calcium agent input pipe, a second calcium agent input pipe, a spherical block, and conical spray grooves. The mixing pipe is installed on one end surface of the flow acceleration assembly and is used to supply the flow of fluoride-containing acidic wastewater. The annular supply pipe is located on the outside of the mixing pipe. The nozzle is installed on the annular supply pipe and communicates with the inside of the mixing pipe. The first calcium agent input pipe is connected to the outer surface of the annular supply pipe. The spherical block is located inside the mixing pipe and has several conical spray grooves. After the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater enters the mixing pipe, the calcium agent is sprayed in from the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater through the nozzle and sprayed out from the inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater through the conical spray grooves. This allows the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to form a multi-point spray mixing with internal and external coordination, thereby improving the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and the fluoride pollutants.

[0007] Furthermore, there are two calcium input pipes, each connected to one of two annular liquid supply pipes, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the mixing pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, each of the two annular liquid supply pipes is equipped with several nozzles, which are staggered along the circumference of the mixing pipe to allow the calcium agent to enter the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater from different axial and circumferential positions.

[0009] Furthermore, the calcium agent input pipe is connected to the ball block, which is located inside the flow area of ​​the fluoro-containing acidic wastewater. Several conical spray grooves are distributed on the surface of the ball block to spray the calcium agent from the inside to the outside in multiple directions from the inside to the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluoro-containing acidic wastewater.

[0010] Furthermore, the flow acceleration component includes an inner constriction tube, an inner constriction groove, a spiral guide mandrel, spiral blades, a connecting column, and an arc surface. The inner constriction tube is connected to the mixing tube, and the inner constriction groove is formed inside the inner constriction tube to reduce the flow cross-section of the mixture. The spiral guide mandrel is disposed inside the inner constriction tube, and the spiral blades are installed on the outside of the spiral guide mandrel. The outer surface of the spiral blades is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner constriction groove, so that a spiral guide channel is formed inside the inner constriction tube, which is used to make the mixture flow along the spiral guide channel and form a swirling disturbance when it flows through the inner constriction tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting post is connected between the ball and the spiral guide mandrel to keep the ball stable in the mixing tube. The arc surface is set at the end of the spiral guide mandrel near the ball to smoothly guide the mixture entering the flow acceleration component and reduce flow resistance.

[0012] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a motor, a stirring shaft, a mixing chamber, turbine blades, an anchor-type stirring paddle, and a leakage trough. The motor is mounted on the reaction tank and connected to the stirring shaft. The mixing chamber is located inside the reaction tank and corresponds to the inlet pipe. The turbine blades are mounted on the stirring shaft and located inside the mixing chamber. Several leakage troughs are formed on the bottom wall of the mixing chamber. The anchor-type stirring paddle is mounted on the stirring shaft and located below the mixing chamber. After the mixed liquid enters the mixing chamber through the inlet pipe, it is sheared and dispersed by the turbine blades, and then dispersed into the interior of the reaction tank through the leakage troughs. The mixture is then circulated and stirred by the anchor-type stirring paddle, causing the calcium ions in the calcium agent to react with the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to form calcium fluoride precipitate.

[0013] Furthermore, a treatment method based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid: S1. Fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is passed into the mixing pipe, and calcium agent is sprayed into the mixing pipe through nozzles and conical spray channels, so that the calcium agent enters the wastewater from the outside and inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater, forming multi-point spray mixing; S2. The mixed liquid is introduced into the flow rate acceleration component, the flow rate of the mixed liquid is increased by the inner constriction groove, and the mixed liquid is swirled and disturbed by the spiral blades. S3. The accelerated and disturbed mixture is introduced into the mixing chamber of the reaction tank through the inlet pipe. After being sheared and dispersed by the turbine blades, it enters the interior of the reaction tank through the leakage channel and is circulated and stirred by the anchor-type stirring paddle, so that the calcium agent reacts with the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to form calcium fluoride precipitate.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid uses a calcium agent injection and mixing component installed at the front end of the reaction tank. Calcium agent is injected from the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluorinated acidic wastewater through nozzles and exited from the inside through a conical spray channel. This creates a multi-point injection and mixing effect within the mixing pipe, which, compared to single-point calcium agent addition, improves the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and fluoride pollutants in the fluorinated acidic wastewater, reduces scaling and clogging problems caused by excessively high local calcium agent concentrations, and improves the efficiency of the defluorination reaction.

[0015] This treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid uses a flow rate acceleration component and a stirring component to increase the flow rate of the premixed liquid through an internal shrinkage tank and create swirling disturbance through spiral blades. Then, it enters the mixing chamber where turbine blades shear and disperse the liquid. Finally, it is circulated and stirred by an anchor-type stirring paddle. This allows the calcium agent to continuously and fully contact and react with the fluorinated acidic wastewater, promoting the conversion of fluoride ions into calcium fluoride precipitation, reducing the fluoride content in the wastewater, and achieving pollution control of fluorinated acidic wastewater and subsequent sulfuric acid recovery and utilization.

[0016] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reaction vessel of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reaction vessel of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reaction vessel of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mixing tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the constricted tube of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sphere of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Reaction vessel; 101. Liquid inlet pipe; 2. Calcium agent injection and mixing assembly; 201. Mixing pipe; 202. Nozzle; 203. Annular liquid supply pipe; 204. Calcium agent input pipe one; 205. Calcium agent input pipe two; 206. Spherical block; 207. Conical spray channel; 3. Flow rate acceleration assembly; 301. Inner narrowing pipe; 302. Inner narrowing channel; 303. Spiral guide mandrel; 304. Spiral blade; 305. Connecting column; 306. Arc surface; 4. Stirring assembly; 401. Motor; 402. Stirring shaft; 403. Mixing chamber; 404. Turbine blade; 405. Anchor-type stirring paddle; 406. Leakage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0021] Please see Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a treatment device based on the recycling of fluorinated sulfuric acid, including a reaction tank 1, an inlet pipe 101 on one side of the reaction tank 1, a flow rate acceleration component 3 at the end of the inlet pipe 101 away from the reaction tank 1, a calcium agent spraying and mixing component 2 at the end of the flow rate acceleration component 3 away from the inlet pipe 101, and a stirring component 4 inside the reaction tank 1. The calcium agent spraying and mixing assembly 2 includes a mixing pipe 201, a nozzle 202, an annular supply pipe 203, a first calcium agent input pipe 204, a second calcium agent input pipe 205, a ball block 206, and a conical spray channel 207. The mixing pipe 201 is installed on one end surface of the flow rate accelerating assembly 3 and is used to supply fluoride-containing acidic wastewater. The annular supply pipe 203 is located on the outside of the mixing pipe 201. The nozzle 202 is installed on the annular supply pipe 203 and communicates with the inside of the mixing pipe 201. The outer surface of the annular supply pipe 203 is connected to the first calcium agent input pipe 204. The ball block 206 is located inside the mixing pipe 201. Several conical spray grooves 207 are provided on the spherical block 206. After the fluoroacid wastewater enters the mixing pipe 201, the calcium agent is sprayed from the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluoroacid wastewater through the nozzle 202 and sprayed out from the inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoroacid wastewater through the conical spray grooves 207. This makes the calcium agent and the fluoroacid wastewater form a multi-point spray mixing with internal and external coordination, thereby improving the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and the fluoride pollutants. The calcium agent spray mixing component 2 is set at the front end of the reaction tank 1, so that the fluoroacid wastewater is premixed with the calcium agent before entering the reaction tank 1, thereby reducing the scaling and uneven reaction problems caused by the local concentrated addition of calcium agent in the reaction tank 1.

[0022] There are two calcium agent inlet pipes 204, each connected to one of two annular supply pipes 203. These two annular supply pipes 203 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the mixing pipe 201, allowing the calcium agent to enter the fluoro-containing acidic wastewater in stages at different positions before and after the mixing pipe 201. Compared to a single annular supply pipe 203, this structure extends the contact path between the calcium agent and the wastewater, resulting in a more uniform calcium agent distribution and reducing the risk of deposition caused by excessively high calcium agent concentration at a single injection point.

[0023] Each of the two annular supply pipes 203 is equipped with several nozzles 202. The nozzles 202 on the two annular supply pipes 203 are staggered around the circumference of the mixing pipe 201 to allow the calcium agent to enter the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater from different axial and circumferential positions. The staggered distribution of the nozzles 202 on the two annular supply pipes 203 around the circumference of the mixing pipe 201 ensures that the calcium agent sprayed by the two sets of nozzles 202 is not concentrated in the same circumferential area. When the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater flows through the mixing pipe 201, it can be sprayed by the nozzles 202 in different directions in sequence, thereby expanding the coverage area of ​​the calcium agent on the outside of the wastewater flow and improving the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and the fluoride pollutants.

[0024] The calcium agent inlet pipe 205 is connected to the sphere 206, which is located inside the flow area of ​​the fluoro-containing acidic wastewater. Several conical spray channels 207 are distributed on the surface of the sphere 206, used to spray the calcium agent from the inside to the outside in multiple directions within the flow area of ​​the fluoro-containing acidic wastewater. The sphere 206's location inside the flow area allows the calcium agent to be sprayed outward from the center of the wastewater stream. The nozzle 202 sprays from the outside in, and the conical spray channels 207 spray from the inside out, forming a coordinated spray pattern that allows the calcium agent to simultaneously enter both the outer and central areas of the wastewater stream, reducing the problem of insufficient mixing in either the central or outer area.

[0025] The flow rate acceleration component 3 includes an inner constriction tube 301, an inner constriction groove 302, a spiral guide mandrel 303, a spiral blade 304, a connecting column 305, and an arc surface 306. The inner constriction tube 301 is connected to the mixing tube 201. The inner constriction groove 302 is formed inside the inner constriction tube 301 to reduce the flow cross-section of the mixture. The spiral guide mandrel 303 is disposed inside the inner constriction tube 301. The spiral blade 304 is installed on the outside of the spiral guide mandrel 303. The outer surface of the spiral blade 304 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner constriction groove 302, so that a spiral guide channel is formed inside the inner constriction tube 301. This channel allows the mixture to flow along the spiral guide channel and form a swirling disturbance when it flows through the inner constriction tube 301. The inner constriction tube 301 and the inner constriction groove 302 are used to reduce the flow cross-section of the mixture, thereby increasing the flow rate of the mixture when it passes through the flow rate acceleration component 3. The spiral guide mandrel 303 and the spiral blades 304 together form a fixed spiral guide channel, which allows the mixed liquid to flow along the spiral path under pressure and generate swirling disturbance. The flow guidance and disturbance of the mixed liquid can be achieved without relying on the rotation of the spiral guide mandrel 303, which can further promote the mixing of calcium agent and fluoride-containing acidic wastewater.

[0026] A connecting post 305 connects the ball block 206 and the spiral guide mandrel 303 to maintain the stable position of the ball block 206 within the mixing tube 201. An arc-shaped surface 306 is located at the end of the spiral guide mandrel 303 near the ball block 206 to smoothly guide the mixture entering the flow rate acceleration component 3 and reduce flow resistance. The connecting post 305 connects the ball block 206 and the spiral guide mandrel 303, ensuring the ball block 206 remains stable within the mixing tube 201 and preventing it from shifting under wastewater impact. The arc-shaped surface 306, located at the end of the spiral guide mandrel 303 near the ball block 206, provides transitional guidance for the mixture entering the flow rate acceleration component 3, reducing liquid impact and local resistance, allowing the mixture to enter the spiral guide channel more smoothly.

[0027] The stirring assembly 4 includes a motor 401, a stirring shaft 402, a mixing chamber 403, turbine blades 404, an anchor-type stirring paddle 405, and leakage channels 406. The motor 401 is mounted on the reaction vessel 1 and connected to the stirring shaft 402. The mixing chamber 403 is located inside the reaction vessel 1 and corresponds to the inlet pipe 101. The turbine blades 404 are mounted on the stirring shaft 402 and located inside the mixing chamber 403. Several leakage channels 406 are formed on the bottom wall of the mixing chamber 403. The anchor-type stirring paddle 405 is mounted on the stirring shaft 402. Located above and below mixing chamber 403, the mixed liquid enters mixing chamber 403 through inlet pipe 101, is sheared and dispersed by turbine blades 404, and then dispersed into reaction tank 1 through leakage trough 406. There, it is circulated and stirred by anchor impeller 405, causing calcium ions in the calcium agent to react with fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to form calcium fluoride precipitate. Mixing chamber 403 is correspondingly positioned to inlet pipe 101, allowing the pre-mixed and swirling mixed liquid to first enter mixing chamber 403 for shearing and dispersion by turbine blades 404. Leakage trough 406 is located on the bottom wall of mixing chamber 403, allowing the sheared mixed liquid to enter reaction tank 1 from multiple locations. Anchor impeller 405 is used for overall circulation and stirring of the liquid in reaction tank 1, reducing the accumulation of calcium fluoride precipitate at the bottom or near the tank wall, and promoting the continuous reaction between calcium agent and fluoride ions.

[0028] A treatment method based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid: S1. Fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is passed into the mixing pipe 201, and calcium agent is sprayed into the mixing pipe 201 through the nozzle 202 and the conical spray channel 207, so that the calcium agent enters the wastewater from the outside and inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater respectively, forming multi-point spray mixing; S2. The mixed liquid is introduced into the flow rate acceleration component 3, the flow rate of the mixed liquid is increased by the inner shrinkage groove 302, and the mixed liquid is swirled and disturbed by the spiral blades 304. S3. The accelerated and disturbed mixture is introduced into the mixing chamber 403 of the reaction tank 1 through the inlet pipe 101. After being sheared and dispersed by the turbine blades 404, it enters the interior of the reaction tank 1 through the leakage tank 406 and is circulated and stirred by the anchor-type stirring paddle 405, so that the calcium agent reacts with the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to form calcium fluoride precipitate.

[0029] The specific workflow of this invention is as follows: Fluoride-containing acidic wastewater first enters the mixing pipe 201 of the calcium agent spraying and mixing assembly 2. The mixing pipe 201 serves as the initial contact channel between the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater and the calcium agent, allowing the wastewater to undergo pre-mixing treatment before entering the reaction tank 1. This improves the contact efficiency between the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing pollutants from the source. The calcium agent is input through two calcium agent input pipes 1 204 and 2 205, respectively. The two calcium agent input pipes 1 204 are connected to two annular liquid supply pipes 203. After entering the annular liquid supply pipes 203, the calcium agent is distributed to multiple nozzles 202. The nozzles 202 are located outside the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater, and the nozzles 202 on the two annular liquid supply pipes 203 are staggered, allowing the calcium agent to be sprayed into the wastewater from different circumferential and axial positions outside the mixing pipe 201.

[0030] Meanwhile, the calcium agent input pipe 205 delivers the calcium agent to the pellet 206, which is located inside the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater. The pellet 206 is equipped with multiple conical spray channels 207. The calcium agent is sprayed out from the inside to the outside and in multiple directions through the conical spray channels 207. Therefore, the nozzle 202 forms a multi-point spray from the outside to the inside, and the conical spray channels 207 form a multi-directional spray from the inside to the outside. This allows the calcium agent to form a coordinated spray mixing with the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater in the mixing pipe 201, enabling the calcium agent to quickly enter different areas of the wastewater flow. This reduces the local high concentration of calcium agent caused by single-point addition, lowers the risk of scaling and clogging of calcium fluoride or calcium sulfate near the addition point, and improves the uniformity of the reaction between fluoride-containing pollutants and calcium agent.

[0031] After initial mixing by the calcium agent injection mixing component 2, the wastewater enters the flow acceleration component 3. The flow acceleration component 3 is equipped with an inner constriction tube 301 and an inner constriction groove 302, which reduce the flow cross-section of the mixed liquid, thereby increasing the flow velocity. With the increased flow velocity, the impact, diffusion, and contact intensity between the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater increase, which is beneficial for further improving the defluorination reaction efficiency. During the flow acceleration component 3, the spiral guide mandrel 303 and spiral blades 304 generate a spiral guiding effect on the mixed liquid, causing it to rotate and turbulent as it moves axially. This swirling turbulence further disperses the calcium agent, improving its uniformity in the wastewater and preventing localized fluoride contaminants in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater from failing to fully contact the calcium agent. The connecting column 305 connects the spiral guide mandrel 303 and the ball block 206, thus maintaining the stability of the ball block 206. One end of the spiral guide mandrel 303 has an arc surface 306 to reduce resistance to liquid flow.

[0032] After being accelerated, swirled, and agitated by the flow rate acceleration component 3, the mixture enters the reaction tank 1 through the inlet pipe 101 and first enters the mixing chamber 403. The mixing chamber 403 is used to limit the mixture entering the reaction tank 1, so that it is first subjected to enhanced stirring in a local area, rather than directly spreading to the entire reaction tank 1, thereby improving the mixing efficiency. When the stirring component 4 is working, the motor 401 drives the stirring shaft 402 to rotate, and the stirring shaft 402 drives the turbine blades 404 to rotate in the mixing chamber 403. The turbine blades 404 perform high-speed shearing, entrainment, and dispersion on the mixture entering the mixing chamber 403, so that the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater are further fully mixed, promoting the rapid contact reaction between calcium ions and fluoride ions in the wastewater.

[0033] A leakage channel 406 is provided on the mixing chamber 403. The mixture, after being enhanced by the turbine blades 404, is dispersed into the reaction tank 1 through the leakage channel 406. The leakage channel 406 allows the mixture to flow out from multiple locations in the mixing chamber 403, preventing the mixture from concentrating and entering the reaction tank 1 from a single location, thus creating a short flow and making the liquid distribution in the reaction tank 1 more uniform. After the mixture enters the reaction tank 1, the anchor-type agitator 405 continues to rotate under the drive of the agitator shaft 402. The anchor-type agitator 405 performs large-scale circulation and agitation of the liquid in the reaction tank 1, ensuring continuous contact and reaction between the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater within the reaction tank 1. This also reduces the accumulation of calcium fluoride precipitate at the bottom or near the tank walls. By converting fluoride pollutants in the wastewater into solid calcium fluoride precipitate, the fluoride content in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is reduced, achieving the removal and control of fluoride-containing water pollutants.

[0034] After the reaction is completed, the treated liquid is discharged through the outlet pipe of reaction tank 1 and enters the subsequent precipitation, filtration or reuse treatment process. The generated calcium fluoride precipitate and other solid impurities accumulate at the bottom of reaction tank 1 and are discharged through the slag discharge port, thereby completing the defluorination treatment process of the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid, comprising a reaction tank (1), wherein a liquid inlet pipe (101) is provided on one side of the reaction tank (1), characterized in that: The inlet pipe (101) is provided with a flow rate acceleration component (3) at one end away from the reaction vessel (1), and a calcium agent spraying and mixing component (2) is provided at the other end of the flow rate acceleration component (3) away from the inlet pipe (101). The reaction vessel (1) is provided with a stirring component (4). The calcium agent spraying and mixing assembly (2) includes a mixing pipe (201), a nozzle (202), an annular supply pipe (203), a calcium agent input pipe one (204), a calcium agent input pipe two (205), a ball (206), and a conical spray channel (207). The mixing pipe (201) is installed on one end surface of the flow rate acceleration assembly (3). The mixing pipe (201) is used to supply fluoride-containing acidic wastewater. The annular supply pipe (203) is located on the outside of the mixing pipe (201). The nozzle (202) is installed on the annular supply pipe (203) and is connected to the inside of the mixing pipe (201). The annular supply pipe (203) is connected to a calcium agent input pipe (204) on its outer surface. The ball block (206) is located inside the mixing pipe (201). Several conical spray grooves (207) are opened on the ball block (206). After the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater enters the mixing pipe (201), the calcium agent is sprayed from the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater through the nozzle (202) and sprayed out from the inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater through the conical spray grooves (207), so that the calcium agent and the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater form a multi-point spray mixing with internal and external cooperation, thereby improving the uniformity of contact between the calcium agent and the fluoride pollutants.

2. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two calcium input pipes (204), and the two calcium input pipes (204) are respectively connected to two annular liquid supply pipes (203). The two annular liquid supply pipes (203) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing pipe (201).

3. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the two annular liquid supply pipes (203) is provided with a number of nozzles (202). The nozzles (202) on the two annular liquid supply pipes (203) are staggered along the circumference of the mixing pipe (201) to allow the calcium agent to enter the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater from different axial and circumferential positions.

4. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium agent input pipe 2 (205) is connected to the ball block (206), which is located inside the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater. Several conical spray grooves (207) are distributed on the surface of the ball block (206) to spray the calcium agent from the inside to the outside in multiple directions from the inside to the outside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater.

5. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow acceleration component (3) includes an inner constriction tube (301), an inner constriction groove (302), a spiral guide mandrel (303), a spiral blade (304), a connecting column (305), and an arc surface (306). The inner constriction tube (301) is connected to the mixing tube (201). The inner constriction groove (302) is formed inside the inner constriction tube (301) to reduce the flow cross-section of the mixture. The spiral guide mandrel (303) is disposed inside the inner constriction tube (301). The spiral blade (304) is installed on the outside of the spiral guide mandrel (303). The outer surface of the spiral blade (304) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inner constriction groove (302) to form a spiral guide channel inside the inner constriction tube (301) to allow the mixture to flow along the spiral guide channel and form a swirling disturbance when it flows through the inner constriction tube (301).

6. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting post (305) is connected between the ball block (206) and the spiral guide mandrel (303) to keep the ball block (206) in a stable position in the mixing tube (201). The arc surface (306) is set at one end of the spiral guide mandrel (303) near the ball block (206) to smoothly guide the mixture entering the flow acceleration component (3) and reduce flow resistance.

7. The treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (4) includes a motor (401), a stirring shaft (402), a mixing chamber (403), turbine blades (404), an anchor-type stirring paddle (405), and a drain trough (406). The motor (401) is mounted on the reaction tank (1) and connected to the stirring shaft (402). The mixing chamber (403) is located inside the reaction tank (1) and corresponds to the inlet pipe (101). The turbine blades (404) are mounted on the stirring shaft (402) and located inside the mixing chamber (403). The aforementioned leakage tank (406) is located on the bottom wall of the mixing chamber (403). The anchor-type stirring paddle (405) is set on the stirring shaft (402) and located below the mixing chamber (403). After the mixed liquid enters the mixing chamber (403) through the inlet pipe (101), it is sheared and dispersed by the turbine blades (404), and then dispersed into the reaction tank (1) through the leakage tank (406). It is then circulated and stirred by the anchor-type stirring paddle (405) so that the calcium ions in the calcium agent react with the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to generate calcium fluoride precipitate.

8. A treatment method based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid, applied to the treatment device based on the recovery and utilization of fluorinated sulfuric acid as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: S1. Fluoride-containing acidic wastewater is passed into the mixing pipe (201), and calcium agent is sprayed into the mixing pipe (201) through the nozzle (202) and the conical spray channel (207), so that the calcium agent enters the wastewater from the outside and inside of the flow area of ​​the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater respectively, forming multi-point spray mixing; S2. The mixed liquid is introduced into the flow rate acceleration component (3), the flow rate of the mixed liquid is increased by the inner constriction groove (302), and the mixed liquid is swirled and disturbed by the spiral blades (304). S3. The mixture after acceleration and disturbance is introduced into the mixing chamber (403) of the reaction tank (1) through the inlet pipe (101). After being sheared and dispersed by the turbine blades (404), it enters the interior of the reaction tank (1) through the leakage tank (406) and is circulated and stirred by the anchor-type stirring paddle (405) so that the calcium agent reacts with the fluoride ions in the fluoride-containing acidic wastewater to generate calcium fluoride precipitate.

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