Bifurcated gas-liquid flow-guiding mixed jet aerator and aeration method

Abstract

The application discloses a bifurcated gas-liquid guide mixed jet aerator and an aerating method. The aerator comprises a central air inlet pipe and multiple groups of bifurcated water inlet pipes arranged in a ring array coaxially along the fluid flow direction. The rear end of the bifurcated water inlet pipe is connected with the central air inlet pipe through a gas-liquid mixing connecting pipe. The end of each bifurcated water inlet pipe is connected with a tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber. The tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber is sequentially connected with a cylinder type first-stage flow field reinforced mixing chamber, a cylinder type second-stage rectification mixing chamber and a conical third-stage jet mixing chamber through flanges along the fluid flow direction. The outlet end of the conical third-stage jet mixing chamber is connected with a bionic rose bud multi-tube flow channel. The application is based on the high-speed jet and gas-liquid mixing mechanism, realizes the integration of shunting, premixing, stirring, stable flow and high-efficiency aeration, has a wide aeration coverage, and significantly improves the gas-liquid mixing efficiency and the dissolved oxygen mass transfer effect, and is suitable for the aeration process of sewage treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment devices, specifically relating to a bifurcated gas-liquid flow mixing jet aerator; and also to a bifurcated gas-liquid flow mixing jet aeration method. Background Technology

[0002] The air-supply jet aerator is an oxygen supply and mixing device used in the aerobic process section of wastewater treatment. Based on a high-speed jet and gas-liquid two-phase mixing mechanism, a blower or air compressor introduces external air into the wastewater to achieve thorough mixing, agitation, and jet diffusion. This accelerates the mass transfer and dissolution of oxygen in the liquid phase, continuously providing sufficient dissolved oxygen to aerobic microorganisms in the activated sludge, maintaining their high metabolic activity, creating a uniform and stable aerobic environment for biochemical reactions, and promoting ammonia nitrogen conversion rates. This device helps promote the degradation and transformation of organic pollutants, significantly improving the overall purification efficiency and effluent quality parameters of the wastewater treatment system. The intense turbulence and entrainment of air by the high-speed jet generates a cluster of microbubbles, which diffuses in the aerobic biological treatment tank and penetrates deep into the activated sludge flocs and biofilm, continuously providing oxygen to the microorganisms. This prevents localized anaerobic digestion due to oxygen deficiency, which would produce gases such as methane and hydrogen sulfide that cause sludge to float, thus enhancing the overall activity of the microbial community. Continuous hydraulic shearing and circulation allow organic matter and bacterial flocs in wastewater to mix fully and quickly, enhancing the treatment capacity for recalcitrant toxic and harmful pollutants.

[0003] Existing air-supply jet aerators generally suffer from high system energy consumption and low oxygen mass transfer efficiency, especially in large-scale wastewater treatment projects where continuous operating costs are high. The non-uniform shear flow field formed during high-speed jet flow can excessively damage the internal structure of activated sludge flocs, leading to decreased bioaggregation, deteriorated sludge settling performance, and potentially causing sludge loss from secondary settling tanks and increased suspended solids in the effluent, thus affecting system treatment efficiency and stable operation. Furthermore, traditional single-stage jet structures have bottlenecks in energy conversion, namely significant local pressure loss at the jet nozzle, low overall energy conversion efficiency, and ineffective recycling of high-speed jet kinetic energy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel air-supply jet aeration device with multi-stage energy transfer and conversion, efficient gas-liquid-solid multiphase mixing, and controllable turbulent flow path, to simultaneously enhance dissolved oxygenation while achieving synergistic improvements in system energy saving, consumption reduction, and service reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bifurcated gas-liquid flow mixing jet aerator, which solves the problems of low mixing efficiency and high energy consumption of existing gas-supplying jet aerators.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aeration method.

[0006] This invention achieves efficient gas-liquid mixing, full-area water disturbance, and efficient oxygen dissolution, fundamentally improving aeration performance and reducing energy consumption.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator, including a central air inlet pipe coaxially arranged along the fluid flow direction and multiple bifurcated water inlet pipes distributed in a ring array. The rear end of the bifurcated water inlet pipe is connected to the central air inlet pipe through a gas-liquid mixing connection pipe. The end of each bifurcated water inlet pipe is connected to a gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber. The gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected in sequence along the fluid flow direction through flanges to a cylindrical primary flow field enhancement mixing chamber, a cylindrical secondary rectification mixing chamber, and a conical tertiary jet mixing chamber. The outlet end of the conical tertiary jet mixing chamber is connected to a biomimetic rosebud multi-pipe flow channel.

[0008] The invention is further characterized in that, The rear end of the bifurcated water inlet pipe is arranged in a uniform ring array around the outside of the central air inlet pipe, and the bifurcated water inlet pipe is connected to the main water inlet pipe. The inlet end of the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber is connected to the bifurcated water inlet pipe, with a sealed connection at the joint. The outlet end is fixedly connected to the flange of the cylindrical primary flow field enhancement mixing chamber of the biomimetic stirring section via a flange. The cylindrical primary flow field enhancement mixing chamber is equipped with a stirring and mixing unit main shaft arranged along the fluid flow direction. At the end of the stirring and mixing unit main shaft closest to the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber, a primary flow propeller blade and a secondary flow propeller blade are coaxially mounted in sequence. A pair of biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gears are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the stirring and mixing unit main shaft. Several biomimetic octopus tentacles are fixedly mounted on the outside of each biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear. Several biomimetic octopus tentacles are radiating outwards in an umbrella shape and evenly distributed on the end face of the spur bevel gears of the biomimetic octopus tentacles. Between the two sets of spur bevel gears of the biomimetic octopus tentacles, there is a synchronous reverse transmission gear for the tentacles. Both sets of spur bevel gears of the biomimetic octopus tentacles mesh with the synchronous reverse transmission gear for the tentacles. When the spur bevel gear of one side of the biomimetic octopus tentacles rotates with the main shaft, it drives the synchronous reverse transmission gear of the tentacles to rotate synchronously through gear meshing, thereby driving the spur bevel gear of the other side of the biomimetic octopus tentacles to rotate in linkage, realizing the synchronous operation of multiple sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles, and making the two sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles rotate in opposite directions.

[0009] The main shaft of the mixing unit is coaxially positioned and supported by the left support seat and the right positioning support seat of the jet end, which are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the cylindrical primary flow field enhanced mixing chamber. The left support seat and the right positioning support seat of the jet end are fixedly connected to the shell of the cylindrical primary flow field enhanced mixing chamber, providing radial limit and axial positioning for the main shaft of the mixing unit.

[0010] The main shaft of the mixing unit extends to the cylindrical secondary rectifier mixing chamber. The end of the main shaft of the mixing unit is connected to the biomimetic sunflower disk through a disc swing arm drive rod. The other end of the disc swing arm drive rod forms a linkage constraint structure for the biomimetic sunflower disk. Under the constraint of the cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter, the circumferential free rotation of the biomimetic sunflower disk is restricted, and it is transformed into a composite motion of revolution coupled with small-amplitude reciprocating oscillation.

[0011] The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter is installed on the upper inner wall of the cylindrical secondary rectifier mixing chamber. The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter includes a guide plate arranged along the flow channel direction and baffles at both ends of the guide plate. A groove is formed along the gap between one of the adjacent teeth of the bionic sunflower disc, and the groove fits into the guide plate. The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter restricts the radial movement of the bionic sunflower disc simultaneously through the length of the guide plate and the baffles on both sides.

[0012] The conical three-stage jet mixing chamber is connected at its end to a biomimetic rosebud multi-channel tube; the multi-channel tube is nested in a concentric ring, with its central axis coinciding with the aerator channel axis, and each layer of channels is fixedly connected by a radial support to form an integrated structure; the biomimetic rosebud multi-channel tube is connected to a biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diverting nozzle; the biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diverting nozzle adopts a biomimetic rose petal curved channel design, with multiple channels evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle, and the channel outlet has a petal-shaped expansion structure.

[0013] This invention connects the water inlet pipe and the air inlet pipe to a tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber at specific angles, causing multiple gas and liquid jets to branch out and converge at high speed within the chamber, thus achieving a strong turbulent gas-liquid mixing mechanism based on multi-point, multi-directional collisions. The stirring drive assembly includes a drive shaft, a reverse-mounted drive impeller, and biomimetic octopus tentacles. The drive impeller is located at the outlet of the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber and is driven to rotate by the impact of the high-speed gas-liquid mixture. The biomimetic octopus tentacles are connected to the rear side of the drive impeller and rotate coaxially and in the opposite direction with the shaft, providing sufficient helical disturbance to the gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluid. The sunflower-inspired oscillating disc mechanism includes a disc swing arm drive rod, a biomimetic sunflower-shaped disc, and a cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter. The disc swing arm drive rod rotates continuously, causing the biomimetic sunflower-shaped disc to oscillate periodically along the oscillating limit plate in a fixed-axis gyro-like reciprocating motion. When one side moves in the flow direction, it acts similarly to the pumping process of a water pump, accelerating the gas-liquid mixture. When the other side moves in the opposite direction, it creates a low-pressure zone, which is filled by the ejected flow mixture. Simultaneously, the edge of the biomimetic sunflower-shaped disc shears the fluid, generating and ejecting a large number of vortices of varying sizes. These vortices detach from the disc edge and are transported downstream, greatly enhancing the lateral and radial mixing of the fluid. This makes the velocity distribution on the pipe cross-section more complex, and the intense generation of three-dimensional vortices inside the pipe increases the mixing effect of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow. The nozzle at the end of the aerator adopts a biomimetic rosebud multi-layer wave scattering structure, forming a multi-directional, multi-angle umbrella-shaped outflow channel, allowing the gas-liquid mixture to be sprayed and diffused in all directions, significantly increasing the aeration coverage area and eliminating dead zones in the pool.

[0014] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is: a gas-supply jet aeration method combining bifurcation gas-liquid guiding mixing and biomimetic octopus tentacles stirring, as detailed below: Step 1: Place the jet aerator in the aeration tank of the aerobic section of the wastewater biological treatment. Wastewater first enters through the main inlet pipe on the left, then passes through three spiral branching inlet pipes, achieving gas-liquid swirling premixing with the central air inlet pipe. The three spiral branching inlet pipes separate and recombine the inlet water and air into multiple rotating fluids, forming numerous gas-liquid contact interfaces and strong shear forces. The orderly collisions between the multiple spiral flows repeatedly cut and break large bubbles into micron-sized microbubbles. This level of premixing precision far exceeds that of single-pipe gas-liquid mixing. Furthermore, the orderly swirling collisions can reduce some fluid resistance and the required jet pressure, thereby optimizing the overall equipment energy consumption. Subsequently, the gas-liquid two-phase flow enters the converging gas-liquid mixing chamber. The converging gas-liquid mixing chamber structure forces the mixed flow to accelerate, generating strong inertial and shear forces, causing extremely intense momentum exchange between particles within the gas and liquid phases, synthesizing a high-speed, stable, and highly directional compact jet. Step 2: The gas-liquid mixture in Step 1 drives the two-stage, counter-rotating fan blades to rotate. This, through a coaxial reversal mechanism, enables the back-mounted biomimetic octopus-like tentacle assembly and the sunflower-like oscillating disc mechanism to rotate synchronously. Each tentacle unit is an independent helical stirrer, and its movement interferes with and couples with the movements of adjacent tentacles, generating extremely complex, unsteady shearing forces within the pipe. This chaotic stirring completely breaks down the phase interface of the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow, achieving deep micro-mixing across the entire pipe cross-section, especially in the near-wall region, effectively suppressing phase separation and stratified flow. The undulation of the tentacles generates local high-pressure and low-pressure zones, continuously stretching, compressing, and tearing bubbles and droplets, greatly increasing the mass transfer surface area, extending the actual residence time of bubbles in the wastewater, and significantly enhancing biochemical reactions and mass transfer efficiency. The coordinated undulation of multiple tentacles is similar to the propulsive effect of a peristaltic pump; the spiral tentacles' edges can adhere to the pipe wall, removing deposits and reducing the risk of blockage. In steps 3 and 2, the multiphase flow enters the sunflower-inspired oscillating disc structure. The disc's multi-lobed, toothed rim reciprocates in an oscillating motion. As the gaps between the lobes change periodically, they dynamically compress, stretch, and shear the large air bubbles flowing through, resulting in a much higher breaking efficiency than static shearing, generating smaller, more uniformly distributed microbubbles. Simultaneously, the disc's oscillation acts like a low-speed, discontinuous stirring paddle. Its unique petal shape directs the fluid during each oscillation, generating alternating vortices in front of and behind the disc. These vortices effectively diffuse across the entire pipe cross-section, powerfully transporting the microbubbles and dissolved oxygen from the central area to the dead zones on the pipe wall, completely eliminating mixing dead zones and significantly increasing the mass transfer area. Most importantly, this oscillating mechanism actively drives the liquid to form a strong axial or radial main circulation, not only extending the bubble residence time but also ensuring continuous exchange between the newly introduced mixed fluid and the saturated wastewater, maintaining a consistently high mass transfer driving force. In step 4, the gas-liquid-solid mixture from step 3 enters the biomimetic rosebud multi-layered corrugated edge nozzle. This structure mimics the gradual opening of a rosebud from its closed state, combined with the natural wavy folds of the petal edges. This causes the bubbles and wastewater to accelerate progressively as they pass through, converting pressure energy into kinetic energy. The corrugated nozzle edges between layers fundamentally alter the boundary conditions of the jet. Each trough forms a local low-velocity zone, and the crests form jet protrusions, resulting in the spontaneous and periodic generation of radial velocity components and uneven shear layers in the jet the instant it leaves the nozzle. The multi-layered simulated blooming structure expands outward at a certain angle, allowing the fully broken bubble swarm to move along different cone angles, avoiding excessive concentration of the bubble flow and achieving widespread dispersion of the microbubble swarm in three-dimensional space. When the bubble flows ejected from different layers meet, cross-shearing and collision occur, further promoting the refinement and suppression of bubble merging. This ensures that there are no oxygen-deficient dead zones within the jet aerator, providing stable and efficient reaction conditions for the activated sludge microbial community.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Compared with the prior art, the present invention makes the following improvements to the existing jet aerator: 1. The bifurcated inlet pipe employs a nested flow channel design, with a single air inlet pipe connecting multiple spiral inlet pipes arranged in a 120° circumferential distribution. The connection between the air and water inlet pipes enables multi-point collision premixing of the newly introduced air and liquid, enhancing the uniformity of gas-liquid mixing from the initial stage. Simultaneously, the three-way diverted sewage impacts, collides, and focuses on the central inlet airflow from multiple radial positions. Multiple water streams are evenly distributed circumferentially, converging radially towards the same central axis, resulting in highly convergent momentum vectors. This forms a hydraulic encirclement of the central air column, creating a three-dimensional composite shear force that simultaneously cuts large air bubbles from all sides, resulting in exponentially increasing breakup efficiency. The multi-point collisions instantly convert the velocity and pressure of the inlet flow field into microscopic turbulent kinetic energy and numerous intense vortices, violently entraining, entangled, and interpenetrating the gas-liquid-solid multiphase mixture, achieving rapid molecular-scale mixing and preventing small bubbles from re-merging. The extremely high turbulence and vortex effects continuously scour and replace the liquid film on the bubble surface, providing a significant advantage for oxygen molecule transfer.

[0016] 2. The biomimetic octopus tentacle mixing unit borrows the complex mechanisms of cephalopod tentacles, such as bending, coiling, and spiraling, to efficiently and uniformly stir, stretch, wrap, and transport the mixed fluid within the aerator, much like a hand. This motion continuously disrupts the flow field structure, breaks symmetry, effectively eliminates mixing dead zones, slows energy dissipation, and broadens the scale spectrum of turbulent vortices. This is beneficial for the stable distribution of different microbubbles and improves the chaotic interference effect of the flow field, thus solving the problems of insufficient air-sewage mixing and poor mass transfer in traditional jet aerators. The two-stage biomimetic octopus tentacle mixing unit is driven by two counter-rotating passive rotating impellers at the front end. Through a coaxial reversing mechanism, most of the input kinetic energy is directly converted into pure shear and axial / radial turbulent flow energy. Each rotating tentacle drags a rotating vortex system around it. Due to the counter-rotating ends, these two adjacent vortices generate intense compression, lifting, and collision at the gas-liquid interface. A highly unstable, strongly turbulent wastewater-oxygen convection layer is formed, which is the core reaction zone where a large number of bubbles break up, and oxygen dissolves and diffuses most intensely. Multiple tentacle surfaces directly scour the surface liquid film of nearby bubbles, greatly enhancing the renewal rate of the gas-liquid interface. Bubbles entrained between the two tentacle segments are also subjected to the kneading of irregular tentacle movements, causing them to deform and break up. This process is more efficient and less energy-consuming than rigid shearing, ultimately constructing a fine bubble swarm transport module with axial convection turbulence and radial diffusion shearing, thus improving the mass transfer coefficient.

[0017] 3. The sunflower-inspired oscillating disc mechanism cleverly mimics the periodic oscillation characteristic of a sunflower's head rotating with the sun, transforming it into a component capable of actively regulating the dynamic state of multiphase fluids. The oscillation of the multi-toothed disc dynamically alters the geometry and spatial orientation of the channels within the aerator, resulting in continuous changes in the cross-sectional area and flow direction. When the biomimetic sunflower disc oscillates to one side, narrowing the channel, the flow velocity at that point increases instantaneously, while the pressure drops sharply, creating a strong instantaneous suction. Conversely, when the disc swings back, the channel widens, creating instantaneous depressurization. This periodic change superimposes a strong pulsating component into the main flow. The pulsating flow has a higher instantaneous peak velocity and velocity gradient than a steady-state jet, more effectively entraining surrounding fluids and escaped bubbles, and re-mixing them. Furthermore, it forms a creeping propulsion wave in the axial direction, providing additional directional transport force for the gas-liquid-solid multiphase flow, reducing backflow and dead zones. The oscillation frequency and amplitude of the disc can be flexibly adjusted according to the disc size and incoming flow rate. The large vortices generated by this large-amplitude oscillation effectively tear apart large bubble clusters. The continuous dynamic change of the flow field makes it difficult for bubbles to remain in a stable, relatively static state, disrupting the mechanical equilibrium conditions required for bubble coalescence. This maintains a smaller and more uniform bubble size distribution, increasing the total mass transfer area and bubble residence time. At the same time, soft dirt and hard particles adhering to the channel wall or disc surface are peeled off under the combined action of the periodic reversal of the fluid shear force caused by the disc oscillation and the movement of the wall itself. This makes them less likely to get stuck in a fixed position and easier to be washed away by the mainstream, improving the aerator's ability to prevent clogging.

[0018] 4. The biomimetic rosebud multi-layered diversion nozzle mimics the complex three-dimensional structure of a rosebud as it unfolds, with multiple layers of petals undulating and spreading in an orderly fashion. This structure is transformed into an advanced nozzle capable of precisely controlling the release and spatial distribution of jet energy. Traditional conical single-orifice nozzles have a single function: accelerating fluids. Their jets typically appear as a concentrated, high-speed "jet beam." This high-speed energy is concentrated in a narrow beam, limiting the entrainment of surrounding fluids and easily leading to excessive shearing in the "jet core" while the outer regions suffer from weak mixing. This biomimetic nozzle features four concentric channels with undulating edges. Each channel guides and divides the gas-liquid mixture at the front, forming multiple independent sub-jet streams. The outlet directions of each channel are not parallel but at a certain spatial angle, forming an umbrella-shaped array that conforms to the shape of a rosebud—compact at the base and gradually opening at the top. When the high-speed gas-liquid mixture enters the nozzle, the total energy is diverted into multiple sub-channels. Each channel acts as an energy distributor and pre-shearer, enabling graded and orderly energy release. The multi-layered flow channels allow bubbles to undergo multiple pre-breakup and homogenization processes before leaving the main nozzle, extending and distributing the intense breakup process, which would normally be concentrated at the outlet, throughout the entire nozzle flow channel, resulting in higher energy utilization. Each sub-jet impacts and exits at different angles and orientations, generating extremely strong velocity gradients and shear stresses at the gas-liquid interface. This three-dimensional space, distributed throughout the area in front of the outlet, forms a three-dimensional "shear cloud" or "turbulent sphere," which effectively captures, stretches, and breaks up the bubble swarm. From the moment of ejection, it efficiently entrains, mixes, and stirs the surrounding wastewater, resulting in more uniform bubble distribution, more complete oxygen dissolution, and reduced escape losses. The parallel operation of multiple flow channels ensures that even if there is localized blockage, other channels can still function, and the complex flow channels offer some resistance to fibrous entanglement. This achieves a systematic and disruptive improvement in several core indicators, including mass transfer efficiency, energy saving, and mixing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bifurcated multi-pipe guiding gas-liquid mixing structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection of the multi-branched gas-liquid guiding and mixing pipe in this invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the biomimetic octopus tentacle group in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial reverse biomimetic octopus tentacle in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial inverted biomimetic octopus tentacle assembly structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spur bevel gear structure for achieving coaxial reversal of the biomimetic octopus tentacle group in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic sunflower swing disk mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the biomimetic rosebud-like multi-layer jet nozzle in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the biomimetic rosebud-like multi-layer jet nozzle in this invention; In the diagram: 1. Main inlet pipe, 2. Branched inlet pipe, 3. Air inlet pipe, 4. Gas-liquid mixing connection pipe, 5. Gradiently converging gas-liquid mixing chamber, 6. Left-side positioning support for the jet end, 7. First-stage propulsion fan blade, 8. Second-stage propulsion fan blade, 9. Bionic octopus tentacle, 10. Tile-shaped bionic tentacle circumferential fixing block, 11. Synchronous reverse transmission gear for the tentacle assembly, 12. Bionic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear, 13. Cylindrical first-stage flow field enhancement mixing chamber, 14. 15. Main shaft of the mixing unit; 16. Right side positioning support of the jet end; 17. Disc swing arm drive rod; 18. Bionic sunflower disc; 19. Cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter; 20. Cylindrical secondary rectification mixing chamber; 21. Conical tertiary jet mixing chamber; 22. First support of the bionic rosebud flow channel; 23. Second support of the bionic rosebud flow channel; 24. Third support of the bionic rosebud flow channel; 25. Multi-layer corrugated edge diverting nozzle of the bionic rosebud. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1 This invention relates to a bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator, such as... Figure 1As shown, water enters the device through the main inlet pipe 1 and is evenly distributed through the branched inlet pipe 2, the latter of which connects to the converging gas-liquid mixing chamber 5. The air inlet pipe 3 is a single central air inlet pipe. The branched inlet pipe 2 and the air inlet pipe 3 are sealed together through the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4, allowing the airflow and the three streams of water after distribution to initially converge within the pipe, forming a high-intensity turbulent shear zone, achieving initial contact and premixing of the gas and liquid phases. Simultaneously, the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4 provides stable support for the rear end of the branched inlet pipe 2. The three pipes at the rear end of the branched inlet pipe 2 are arranged in a 120° annular array, with a spiral guide structure on their outer wall, creating a stable pre-swirling flow before the water enters the mixing chamber. Wastewater and gas enter the converging gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 through multiple spiral guide gas-liquid mixing pipes. This chamber has an overall Venturi-type converging structure, with the inlet end sealed to the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4, and the outlet end connected to the biomimetic stirring section shell via a flange. The primary thruster blade 7 is installed at the front end of the main shaft 14 of the biomimetic octopus tentacle mixing unit, located at the outlet of the mixing chamber. The secondary thruster blade 8 is coaxially installed with the primary thruster blade 7, located at the front end of the biomimetic octopus tentacle 9. The blade angle is opposite to that of the primary blade, which can further enhance the turbulence intensity of the flow field. The secondary thruster blade 8 is fixedly connected to the biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear 12. When the secondary thruster blade 8 rotates, it drives the biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear 12 to rotate. The five biomimetic octopus tentacles 9 are installed circumferentially on the biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear 12 in an umbrella-shaped radial pattern. Their gradually changing spiral structure rotates rapidly with the water flow, mimicking the undulating and swaying swimming posture of an octopus, achieving three-dimensional disturbance without dead angles, breaking up large bubbles and enhancing water mixing. The synchronous reverse transmission gear 11 of the tentacle group is set between the two sets of bionic octopus tentacle spur bevel gears 12. Through the meshing of the gear teeth, the synchronous rotation of multiple sets of bionic tentacles is achieved, ensuring that the two sets of bionic octopus tentacles 9 rotate in opposite directions. The shaft end of the synchronous reverse transmission gear 11 of the tentacle group is fixed in the center hole of the tile-type bionic tentacle circumferential fixing block 10. The tile-type bionic tentacle circumferential fixing block 10 is nested in the middle position of the cylindrical primary flow field enhancement mixing chamber 13, providing stable circumferential positioning for the tentacle group. The left side positioning support 6 and the right side positioning support 15 of the jet end are respectively installed at the left and right ends of the main shaft 14 of the bionic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit. The hollow flange structure provides radial and axial support to the main shaft without significantly obstructing the gas-liquid flow field, ensuring smooth flow. After primary stirring and intensified mixing, the gas-liquid mixture enters the sunflower-inspired oscillating disc mechanism. The disc swing arm drive rod 16 is fixed on the main shaft 14 of the bionic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit, and is driven to rotate by the power generated by primary stirring. Under the constraint of the cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter 18, the slot of the bionic sunflower oscillating disc 17 performs linear reciprocating motion in the radial direction, and the bionic sunflower oscillating disc 17 itself generates periodic oscillation.When the gas-liquid mixture flows through, its petal structure can rectify the flow field, break up the eddies in the flow field, and further break up any remaining large air bubbles, so that the gas-liquid flow remains stable and uniform before entering the nozzle. Finally, the gas-liquid mixture enters the conical three-stage jet mixing chamber 20, which provides stable pressure conditions for the uniform spray of the nozzle. The biomimetic rosebud flow channel adopts a layered nested support structure (the flow channel is divided into layers from the outer layer to the inner layer by the first support 21, the second support 22, and the third support 23 of the biomimetic rosebud flow channel). The biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diverting nozzle 24 adopts a curved flow channel design of biomimetic rosebud, with multiple sets of flow channels evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle, and the flow channel outlet has a bud-shaped expansion structure. When the gas-liquid mixture flows through the channel, it forms a divergent jet along the curved surface of the flower bud. At the same time, the contraction-expansion structure of the channel can further cut and refine the bubbles, ultimately forming a uniform fine-particle atomized jet that is ejected, achieving efficient aeration.

[0022] Example 2 like Figure 2 As shown, the structure is equipped with a main water inlet pipe 1 at the front end, and the rear end of the main water inlet pipe is connected to a tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber 5, which can equally distribute and guide the single water inlet, stably dividing it into three independent water flows with equal flow rates. The air inlet pipe 3 adopts a single, centrally located structure. The branched water inlet pipe 2 and the centrally located air inlet pipe 3 are connected and connected via a gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4. The air flow and the three equally distributed water flows undergo initial convergence and mixing inside the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4, spontaneously forming a high-intensity turbulent shearing zone. At the same time, the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe 4 also serves as a structural support, providing stable support for the rear end of the branched water inlet pipe 2, improving the overall pipeline structure rigidity and operational stability. Three guide branches are arranged at the rear end of the bifurcated inlet pipe 2, uniformly distributed in a 120° annular array. The outer wall of each branch branch features a spiral guide structure, which guides the water flow to form a swirling flow pattern before entering the cavity, significantly improving the initial mixing effect of gas and liquid while effectively reducing hydraulic losses along the flow path. Wastewater and air converge into the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 via multiple spiral guide pipes. This chamber adopts a Venturi tapered configuration, with the chamber inlet sealed to the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe, and the chamber outlet securely connected to the rear biomimetic stirring section shell via a flange structure. The tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 can accelerate and pressurize the gas-liquid two-phase mixture with pre-swirling characteristics, forming a high-speed directional jet. The connecting flange uses a bolt-fastened assembly method, ensuring the overall sealing reliability of the device under high-pressure operation and preventing gas-liquid media leakage.

[0023] Compared to the conventional split-type air and liquid inlet layout of traditional jet aerators, the coaxial air and liquid inlet method of this invention uses a nested structure of an outer tube liquid phase spiral flow channel and an inner tube gas phase flow channel. Through a bifurcated water inlet structure, it achieves uniform and regular flow distribution of high-pressure incoming flow, avoiding problems such as flow deviation and uneven turbulence from the source. The rear-end spiral guide pipe body enables the water flow to form a controllable steady-state swirling field, which can not only ensure smooth water transport, but also provide sufficient turbulent kinetic energy for gas-liquid two-phase premixing. At the same time, it provides a stable and uniform swirling flow to the first and second stage propulsion fan blades at the rear end, integrating multiple functions such as flow distribution, swirling flow guidance, and gas-liquid premixing into one. The air inlet pipe is vertically arranged above the branched water inlet pipe. After the outside air is blown in, it first makes initial contact and mixes with the branched water flow in the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe. Then, it enters the spiral pipe for secondary deep premixing, forming an initial uniform gas-liquid mixed flow. After that, it merges into the gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber to complete the acceleration and rectification, laying a good initial flow field foundation for subsequent multi-stage biomimetic tentacle stirring, mixing, and turbulent breaking. The steady-state spiral vortex formed by the water inlet and the pumped air inlet flow form a fixed-point opposing coupling flow. The multiphase flow medium is gradually mixed in the multi-stage pipeline of the connection pipe, spiral branch pipe, and gradually narrowing mixing chamber, which eliminates the disadvantages of instantaneous gas-liquid convergence and insufficient mixing in traditional aerators.

[0024] Example 3 like Figure 4As shown, the first-stage thruster blade 7 is fixed to the front end of the main shaft 14 of the biomimetic octopus tentacles mixing unit and is located at the outlet of the tapering gas-liquid mixing chamber. The blade adopts an oblique flow blade configuration design. When the high-speed gas-liquid jet discharged from the mixing chamber impacts the blade, it can drive the main shaft to rotate on a fixed axis by relying on fluid kinetic energy, thereby providing a continuous and stable rotational power source for the entire biomimetic mixing mechanism and the sunflower-like oscillating disc mechanism at the rear. The second-stage thruster blade 8 is coaxially aligned with the first-stage thruster blade 7 and is located in the front end area of ​​the biomimetic octopus tentacles. Its blade installation angle is opposite to that of the first-stage thruster blade. On the one hand, it can further intensify the turbulence intensity of the internal flow field and enhance the gas-liquid mixing effect. On the other hand, it can form a rotational balance constraint on the main shaft, assist the main shaft to operate smoothly, and effectively suppress eccentric swaying and mechanical vibration under high-speed working conditions. The secondary propulsion fan blade 8 is rigidly connected to the biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear 12, rotating synchronously with the fan blade and driving the spur bevel gear to operate in a coordinated manner. Five biomimetic octopus tentacles 9 are arranged in an umbrella-shaped radial pattern and are evenly distributed circumferentially along the spur bevel gear. Driven by the main shaft and gear, their irregular spiral tentacles cut into the multiphase flow and rotate in a circular motion, biomimetically mimicking the meandering swimming posture of octopuses, forming a three-dimensional, all-around disturbance without dead angles in the internal flow field. This can effectively cut and break up large-sized bubbles, further improving the mixing effect of gas and liquid phases. The biomimetic octopus tentacles 9 adopt a spiral conical integrated structure with a thick root and a tapering tip. Relying on their own annular rotational motion, they form a continuous shearing, entrainment, and tearing effect on the bubbles flowing near them, gradually refining the bubble particle size and significantly improving the dissolved oxygen mass transfer efficiency of the water. The tentacles are arranged to cover 60%–80% of the effective axial mixing section of the mixing chamber, providing full-coverage disturbance intervention to the gas-liquid-solid mixing flow within the chamber, ensuring that bubbles are fully broken up and uniformly mixed throughout the entire area. Multiple sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles are symmetrically arranged on corresponding spur bevel gears. The synchronous reverse transmission gear 11 of the tentacles is mounted between the two sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles' spur bevel gears. Relying on gear meshing, the multiple sets of biomimetic tentacles operate synchronously and in a counter-rotating motion mode between the left and right sets of tentacles. The counter-rotating tentacles create multi-directional interlaced turbulence within the chamber, significantly expanding the gas-liquid two-phase contact interface area and greatly improving the uniformity of gas-liquid mixing. The left-side support 6 and right-side support 15 of the jet end are respectively assembled at both ends of the main shaft 14 of the biomimetic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit, and the whole adopts an integrated hollow flange structure design. This can provide dual support constraints for the main shaft, including radial limiting and axial positioning, ensuring the smooth rotation of the main shaft with high coaxiality, and can also minimize the obstruction effect of the support structure on the flow of the mixture in the flow channel, without interfering with the smooth flow of gas, liquid, solid and fluid. Through the coordinated cooperation of the first and second stage propulsion fan blades and the biomimetic tentacle mechanism, the turbulent mixing of the flow field is continuously enhanced, and a uniform and regular distribution of the gas and liquid two-phase flow is achieved, meeting the requirements of efficient aeration and mixing.

[0025] Example 4 like Figure 9As shown, based on the structure of Example 2, the gas-liquid mixture, after being fully turbulently enhanced by the front-end primary stirring mechanism, enters the interior of the sunflower-inspired oscillating disc flow stabilization mechanism. The disc swing arm drive rod 16 is fixed to the main shaft 14 of the biomimetic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit, and can rotate synchronously with the main shaft using the rotational power generated by the previous stage of stirring. The biomimetic sunflower disc 17 has a limiting guide slot, which forms a kinematic pair with the cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter 18; under the trajectory constraint of the cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter 18, the biomimetic sunflower disc 17 performs a regular, periodic reciprocating oscillating motion around a fixed point. The biomimetic sunflower disc 17 adopts a petal-shaped hollow rotating disc structure, with the center of the disc rigidly fixed to the right end of the main shaft, allowing it to rotate synchronously with the main shaft. When a gas-liquid mixture with intense turbulence flows through the disk region, its biomimetic petal-shaped hollow structure can orderly rectify the flow field inside the pipe. By utilizing the shearing and turbulence effect of the disk structure, it can further cut and disperse large-diameter bubbles that are not completely broken in the mixture, so that the gas-liquid two-phase flow forms a continuous pulsating flow with uniform bubble size distribution before entering the end nozzle assembly, providing good pre-flow field conditions for subsequent multi-layer split atomization spray.

[0026] The primary and secondary mixing mechanisms work in close coordination to form the core gas-liquid mixing and agitation enhancement system of this bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator. Its functions are clearly defined, its operation is smooth and orderly, and its structure is highly matched. Through division of labor and cooperation, it achieves deep mixing of the gas and liquid phases and the gradual refinement and breakup of bubbles, providing the core pre-fluid preparation for the downstream stabilization of the rotating disc, multi-layer scattering atomization, and efficient oxygen supply aeration. The primary mixing mechanism, positioned for power output and all-domain transmission, is the key power source for the entire mixing system and the downstream rotating disc mechanism. It mainly consists of primary thrust fan blades, a biomimetic octopus tentacle-like mixing unit main shaft, and related positioning and connecting components. The primary thruster blades are precisely positioned at the outlet of the tapering gas-liquid mixing chamber, fully accommodating the high-speed, concentrated swirling impact of the narrow-mouth jet from the mixing chamber. Utilizing the powerful kinetic energy of the fluid, the main shaft is driven to operate at high speed and stably. This provides continuous rotational energy for its own stirring unit and also outputs sufficient rotational torque to the secondary stirring mechanism and the sunflower-inspired oscillating disc mechanism, ensuring synchronized operation and smooth running of all moving components of the aerator. Simultaneously, it provides a reliable power source and inflow conditions for the flow field disturbance and bubble breakage functions of the secondary stirring, ensuring the orderly connection of the multi-stage enhanced mixing process. The secondary stirring mechanism primarily functions to enhance flow field turbulence and refine and break up bubble clusters. Leveraging the advantages of its biomimetic structure, it further improves efficiency and quality. It mainly consists of secondary thruster blades, biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gears, multiple sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles, and synchronous and reverse transmission gears. The secondary thruster blades are coaxially aligned with the primary thruster blades, with their installation angles reversed. This provides rotational balance support for the main shaft, suppressing eccentric swaying and mechanical vibration during high-speed operation and improving the overall structural stability. It also further intensifies the turbulence within the cavity, disrupting the local steady-state laminar flow of the gas-liquid mixture. Simultaneously, the secondary thruster blades drive the synchronous rotation of the biomimetic octopus tentacles' spur bevel gears, which in turn drive multiple octopus tentacles arranged in an umbrella-shaped radial array to perform a spiral rotational motion with the gas-liquid-solid mixture, mimicking the wave-like movement of octopuses. This achieves complete, undisturbed turbulence within the cavity. Through the continuous flow, shearing, and entrainment actions of the tentacles, the bubbles within the gas-liquid mixture are continuously torn apart and progressively refined. Synchronous reverse transmission gears are arranged between two sets of biomimetic octopus tentacle spur bevel gears. The precise meshing of the gear teeth enables multiple sets of biomimetic tentacles to move synchronously and in opposite directions, creating a multi-directional, interlaced turbulent flow field within the cavity. This significantly increases the gas-liquid two-phase interface area, substantially improving mixing, dispersion, and oxygen mass transfer efficiency. The two-stage stirring mechanism works efficiently and collaboratively, forming an organic whole with the front-end gas-liquid splitting premixing section and the rear-end sunflower-inspired stabilizing section, constructing a complete flow path of splitting premixing – power drive – two-stage stirring – stabilizing flow.It not only significantly improves the uniformity of gas-liquid mixing and the dissolved oxygen mass transfer utilization rate, but also fundamentally overcomes the shortcomings of traditional jet aerators, such as uneven gas-liquid mixing, large bubble particle size, low oxygen utilization rate, and oxygen-deficient dead zones in the pool. This device can achieve a stable aeration effect with uniform and efficient mass transfer throughout the entire area.

[0027] Example 5 The present invention, a bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aeration method, is implemented according to the following steps: Step 1: Place the jet injector in the aeration tank of the sewage treatment stage. Sewage enters through the main inlet pipe 1 and air enters through the air inlet pipe 3. After mixing, the mixture flows into the gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber 5 and then into the back-mounted biomimetic octopus tentacle stirring and mixing unit. Step 2: The gas-liquid mixture flows through the mixing chamber, where the first-stage propulsion fan blade 7 and the second-stage propulsion fan blade 8 drive the biomimetic octopus tentacles 9 to rotate. After that, it enters the sunflower-inspired rocking disc mechanism to undergo gas-liquid mixing disturbance again. Step 3: After undergoing two stages of disturbance, the mixture flows into the terminal nozzle through the conical three-stage jet mixing chamber 20; Step 4: The gas-liquid-solid mixture is sprayed out by the multi-layer corrugated edge diversion nozzle 24 of the biomimetic rose bud at the end.

Claims

1. A bifurcated gas-liquid guiding mixing jet aerator, characterized in that, It includes a central air inlet pipe (3) arranged coaxially along the fluid flow direction and branched water inlet pipes (2) arranged in a ring array. The rear end of the branched water inlet pipe (2) is connected to the central air inlet pipe (3) through a gas-liquid mixing connection pipe (4). The end of each branched water inlet pipe (2) is connected to a gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber (5). The gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) is connected to a cylindrical first-stage flow field strengthening mixing chamber (13), a cylindrical second-stage rectification mixing chamber (19) and a conical third-stage jet mixing chamber (20) in sequence along the fluid flow direction through flanges. The outlet end of the conical third-stage jet mixing chamber (20) is connected to a biomimetic rosebud multi-pipe flow channel.

2. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bifurcated water inlet pipe (2) is arranged in a uniform ring array around the center air inlet pipe (3) at its rear end. The bifurcated water inlet pipe (2) is connected to the main water inlet pipe (1).

3. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet end of the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) is connected to the bifurcated water inlet pipe (2), and the connection is sealed and connected. The outlet end is fixedly connected to the flange of the cylindrical primary flow field strengthening mixing chamber (13) of the bionic stirring section through a flange. The cylindrical primary flow field strengthening mixing chamber (13) is provided with a stirring and mixing unit main shaft (14) arranged along the fluid flow direction. The end of the stirring and mixing unit main shaft (14) near the tapered gas-liquid mixing chamber (5) is coaxially equipped with a primary flow propeller (7) and a secondary flow propeller (8). A pair of bionic octopus tentacle spur bevel gears (12) are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the stirring and mixing unit main shaft (14). Several bionic octopus tentacles are fixed on the outside of each bionic octopus tentacle spur bevel gear (12). 9) Several biomimetic octopus tentacles (9) are radiating outwards in an umbrella shape and evenly distributed around the end face of the biomimetic octopus tentacles spur bevel gears (12); between the two sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles spur bevel gears (12), there is a tentacles group synchronous reverse transmission gear (11), and both sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles spur bevel gears (12) mesh with the tentacles group synchronous reverse transmission gear (11); when one side of the biomimetic octopus tentacles spur bevel gear (12) rotates with the main shaft, it drives the tentacles group synchronous reverse transmission gear (11) to rotate synchronously through gear meshing, thereby driving the other side of the biomimetic octopus tentacles spur bevel gears (12) to rotate in linkage, realizing the synchronous operation of multiple sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles, and making the two sets of biomimetic octopus tentacles (9) rotate in opposite directions.

4. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main shaft (14) of the mixing unit is coaxially positioned and supported by the left support seat (6) of the jet end and the right positioning support seat (15) of the jet end respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the cylindrical primary flow field enhanced mixing chamber (13). The left support seat (6) of the jet end and the right positioning support seat (15) of the jet end are fixedly connected to the shell of the cylindrical primary flow field enhanced mixing chamber (13), providing radial limit and axial positioning for the main shaft (14) of the mixing unit.

5. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the mixing unit main shaft (14) extends to the cylindrical secondary rectifier mixing chamber (19). The end of the mixing unit main shaft (14) is connected to the bionic sunflower disk (17) through the disc swing arm drive rod (16). The other end of the disc swing arm drive rod (16) forms a linkage constraint structure for the bionic sunflower disk (17). Under the constraint of the cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter (18), the circumferential free rotation of the bionic sunflower disk (17) is restricted, and it is transformed into a composite motion of revolution coupling and small-amplitude reciprocating oscillation.

6. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter (18) is installed on the upper inner wall of the cylindrical secondary rectifier mixing chamber (19). The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter (18) includes a guide plate arranged along the flow channel direction and baffles at both ends of the guide plate. A groove is opened along one of the adjacent tooth gaps of the bionic sunflower disc (17), and the groove is fitted with the guide plate. The cylindrical secondary flow channel limiter (18) restricts the radial movement of the bionic sunflower disc (17) simultaneously through the length of the guide plate and the baffles on both sides.

7. The bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aerator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the conical three-stage jet mixing chamber (20) is connected to the biomimetic rosebud multi-channel tube; the multi-channel tube is nested in a concentric ring, with the central axis coinciding with the aerator channel axis, and the channels are fixedly connected by radial supports to form an integrated structure; the biomimetic rosebud multi-channel tube is connected to the biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diversion nozzle (24); the biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diversion nozzle (24) adopts a curved flow channel design of biomimetic rose petals, with multiple channels evenly distributed along the circumference of the nozzle, and the channel outlet has a petal-shaped expansion structure.

8. A bifurcated gas-liquid guiding and mixing jet aeration method, characterized in that, Specifically as follows: The jet aerator is placed in the aeration tank. The sewage enters the bifurcated inlet pipe and undergoes the first preliminary mixing with the gas through the gas-liquid mixing connection pipe. The second gas-liquid mixing is achieved inside the gradually narrowing gas-liquid mixing chamber. The gas-liquid mixture drives two-stage fan blades to rotate the biomimetic octopus tentacles synchronously, and achieves multidimensional radial and axial disturbance of the water body through the irregular spiral and umbrella-shaped distribution structure of the biomimetic tentacles. The gas-liquid mixture continues to enter the biomimetic sunflower disc, driving the disc swing arm drive rod to rotate, causing the biomimetic sunflower disc to swing back and forth, and finally enters the biomimetic rosebud multi-layer corrugated edge diversion nozzle. The gas-liquid mixture is sprayed through a multi-petal wave-shaped structure to achieve efficient aeration with low energy consumption.

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