Compound, light-emitting device including the compound, and electronic device including the light-emitting device

Abstract

This application discloses a compound represented by Formula 1, a light-emitting device comprising the compound, and an electronic device comprising the light-emitting device. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode, a second electrode opposite to (e.g., facing the first electrode), and an interlayer disposed or provided between the first and second electrodes and including an emitting layer, wherein the emitting layer comprises a compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1ML 401 L 402 .

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority and benefit to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0020965, filed on February 18, 2025, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] One or more embodiments of this disclosure relate to compounds, light-emitting devices including compounds, and electronic devices including light-emitting devices. Background Technology

[0004] The light-emitting device is a self-emitting device, which has a wide viewing angle, high contrast, short response time, and excellent or appropriate characteristics in terms of brightness, driving voltage and response speed.

[0005] In a light-emitting device, a first electrode is on a substrate, and a hole transport region, an emitter layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode are sequentially formed or provided on the first electrode. Holes supplied from the first electrode move towards the emitter layer through the hole transport region, and electrons supplied from the second electrode move towards the emitter layer through the electron transport region. Charge carriers (such as holes and electrons) recombine in the emitter layer to generate light. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One or more aspects of embodiments of this disclosure relate to compounds, light-emitting devices including compounds, and electronic devices including light-emitting devices.

[0007] Further aspects of the implementation will be set forth in part in the description which follows and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the implementations presented in this disclosure.

[0008] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device includes:

[0009] First electrode,

[0010] The second electrode opposite to the first electrode (e.g., facing the first electrode), and

[0011] An interlayer comprising an emission layer is disposed or provided between the first and second electrodes.

[0012] The emission layer comprises a compound represented by Formula 1:

[0013] Formula 1

[0014] ML 401 L 402 ,

[0015] Equation 1-1

[0016] ,and

[0017] Formula 1-2

[0018] ,

[0019] Among them, in Equation 1, Equation 1-1 and Equation 1-2,

[0020] M can be a transition metal.

[0021] L 401 and L 402 Each can be independently represented by Equation 1-1 or Equation 1-2, where the values ​​selected from L are... 401 and L 402 At least one of them can be represented by equation 1-2.

[0022] X 401 and X 402 They can be nitrogen (N) or carbon (C) independently.

[0023] Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0024] Ring A 403 It can be pyridopyrazine or its derivatives.

[0025] T 401 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or =C=,

[0026] X 403 and X 404 They can each be independent of a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, or -N(Q). 413 )-、-B(Q 413 )-、-P(Q 413 )-、-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-or-Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-,

[0027] R 401 To R 405Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0028] xc11 and xc12 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 10 independently.

[0029] xc13 and xc14 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and

[0030] xc15 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3.

[0031] In Equations 1-1 and 1-2, * and *' respectively indicate the binding site with M in Equation 1.

[0032] Formulas 1-1 and 1-2 may optionally be connected via a linking group T 402 They are connected to each other, where T 402 It can be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0033] R 10a Possible forms:

[0034] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro,

[0035] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof,

[0036] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21(Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof, or

[0037] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0038] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 401 To Q 403 and Q 411 To Q 414 Each of these can be independently hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0039] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0040] One or more embodiments of this disclosure provide an electronic device including a light-emitting device.

[0041] One or more embodiments of this disclosure provide compounds represented by Formula 1. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The above and other aspects and features of specific embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments;

[0044] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments;

[0045] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments; and

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Reference will be made in more detail to one or more embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the accompanying drawings and written description, and which are not repeatedly described in the specification. In this regard, the subject matter of this disclosure may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the one or more embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided as examples by reference to the accompanying drawings to explain aspects and features of this disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0049] When describing embodiments of this disclosure, the word "may" is used to mean "one or more embodiments of this disclosure".

[0050] In the context of this disclosure, and unless otherwise specified, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” are to be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively.

[0051] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural references.

[0052] As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more related enumerated items. For example, “A and / or B” indicates a situation where it is A, B, or both A and B (e.g., simultaneously).

[0053] Throughout this disclosure, the expression "at least one of a, b, and c" indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b (e.g., simultaneously), both a and c (e.g., simultaneously), both b and c (e.g., simultaneously), all a, b, and c, or variations thereof.

[0054] As used herein, the terms “substantially” and / or “about” are used as terms of approximation rather than terms of degree, and are intended to explain the inherent biases of measurements or calculations that will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0055] Any numerical range set forth herein is intended to include all subranges of the same numerical precision falling within the set forth range. For example, the range “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include all subranges between the stated minimum value of 1.0 and the stated maximum value of 10.0 (and inclusive), such as all subranges having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limit set forth herein is intended to include all lower numerical limits falling within it, and any minimum numerical limit set forth in this disclosure is intended to include all higher numerical limits falling within it. Accordingly, the applicant reserves the right to amend this specification (including the claims) to expressly set forth any subranges falling within the range expressly set forth herein.

[0056] In this disclosure, the terms “comprise(s)”, “include(s)”, or “have / has / having” will be understood to indicate the presence of a described feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. Furthermore, the terms “comprise(s)”, “include(s)”, “have / has / having”, or similar terms include or support the terms “consisting of” and “substantially consisting of”, indicating the presence of a described feature, integer, step, operation, element, and / or component, while other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof are absent or substantially absent.

[0057] In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the dimensions (e.g., thickness) of layers, films, panels, and / or areas may be enlarged and / or exaggerated.

[0058] It will be understood that if (for example, when) an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is referred to as being "on" or "on top of" another element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate), then it may be directly on or on top of the other element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate), or there may be an intermediary element between them. In contrast, if (for example, when) an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly on top of" another element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate), then there is no intermediary element between them.

[0059] Although the terms “first” and / or “second” are used herein to describe one or more suitable elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Therefore, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first element described in one or more embodiments may be referred to as a second element. Describing an element as a “first” element does not require or imply the existence of a second element or other elements. The terms “first” and / or “second” are also used herein to distinguish elements of different categories or groups. For the sake of brevity, the terms “first” and / or “second” may respectively mean “first category (or first group)” and / or “second category (or second group)”, etc.

[0060] As phosphorescent materials, platinum-based organometallic compounds can be used as phosphorescent dopants, and the use of tetradentate ligands linked by linkers in hexagonal rings can provide structural stability (reducing molecular vibrations) and improve or enhance the lifetime and efficiency of luminescent materials. However, due to the planar structural characteristics of platinum-based organometallic compounds, the formation of excited-state molecules can pose a problem.

[0061] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may include:

[0062] First electrode;

[0063] The second electrode opposite (e.g., facing) the first electrode; and

[0064] An interlayer comprising an emission layer is disposed or provided between the first and second electrodes.

[0065] The emission layer may include a compound represented by Formula 1:

[0066] Formula 1

[0067] ML 401 L 402 ,

[0068] Equation 1-1

[0069] ,and

[0070] Formula 1-2

[0071] ,

[0072] Among them, in Equation 1, Equation 1-1 and Equation 1-2,

[0073] M can be a transition metal.

[0074] L 401 and L 402 Each can be independently represented by Equation 1-1 or Equation 1-2, where the values ​​selected from L are... 401 and L 402 At least one of them can be represented by equation 1-2.

[0075] X 401 and X 402 They can be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0076] Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0077] Ring A 403 It can be pyridopyrazine or its derivatives.

[0078] T 401 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or =C=,

[0079] X 403 and X 404 They can each be independent of a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, or -N(Q). 413 )-、-B(Q 413 )-、-P(Q 413 )-、-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-or-Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-,

[0080] R 401 To R 405Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0081] xc11 and xc12 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 10 independently.

[0082] xc13 and xc14 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and

[0083] xc15 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3.

[0084] In Equations 1-1 and 1-2, * and *' respectively indicate the binding site with M in Equation 1.

[0085] Formulas 1-1 and 1-2 may optionally be connected via a linking group T 402 They are connected to each other, where T 402 It can be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0086] R 10a Possible forms:

[0087] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0088] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0089] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21(Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0090] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0091] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 401 To Q 403 and Q 411 To Q 414 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0092] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0093] In one or more embodiments, the first electrode may be an anode, the second electrode may be a cathode, and...

[0094] The interlayer may further include an electron transport region disposed or provided between the second electrode and the emitter layer and including a buffer layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0095] In one or more embodiments, the first electrode may be an anode, the second electrode may be a cathode, and...

[0096] The interlayer may further include a hole transport region disposed or provided between the first electrode and the emitter layer and including a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emitter auxiliary layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0097] In one or more embodiments, the emitter layer may include a host and a dopant, and the dopant may include a compound represented by Formula 1.

[0098] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may be a blue emission layer.

[0099] In one or more embodiments, the compound is represented by Formula 1:

[0100] Formula 1

[0101] ML 401 L 402 ,

[0102] Equation 1-1

[0103] ,and

[0104] Formula 1-2

[0105] ,

[0106] Among them, in Equation 1, Equation 1-1 and Equation 1-2,

[0107] M can be a transition metal.

[0108] L 401 and L 402 Each can be independently represented by Equation 1-1 or Equation 1-2, where the values ​​selected from L are... 401 and L 402 At least one of them can be represented by equation 1-2.

[0109] X 401 and X 402 They can be nitrogen or carbon independently.

[0110] Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0111] Ring A 403 It can be pyridopyrazine or its derivatives.

[0112] T 401 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412)-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or =C=,

[0113] X 403 and X 404 They can each be independent of a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, or -N(Q). 413 )-、-B(Q 413 )-、-P(Q 413 )-、-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-or-Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-,

[0114] R 401 To R 405 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0115] xc11 and xc12 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 10 independently.

[0116] xc13 and xc14 can each independently be an integer selected from 0 to 4, and

[0117] xc15 is an integer selected from 0 to 3.

[0118] In Equations 1-1 and 1-2, * and *' respectively indicate the binding site with M in Equation 1.

[0119] Formulas 1-1 and 1-2 may optionally be connected via a linking group T 402 They are connected to each other, where T 402 It can be a single bond, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0120] R 10a Possible forms:

[0121] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0122] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0123] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0124] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ),and

[0125] Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 401 To Q 403 and Q 411 To Q 414 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0126] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0127] The compound represented by Formula 1 according to one or more embodiments may have improved or enhanced structural stability by including a portion of Formula 1-2 (which has a stronger acceptor property than pyridine), and thus the compound represented by Formula 1 may be stabilized so that (e.g., such that) a light-emitting device including the compound represented by Formula 1 may have superior or suitable efficiency (e.g., current efficiency and / or luminous efficiency) and lifetime.

[0128] In one or more embodiments, ring A in formula 1-2 403 It can be expressed by Equation 2-1, Equation 2-2, or Equation 2-3:

[0129] ,

[0130] One of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-1 is combined with M in Equation 1; one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-2 is combined with M in Equation 1; or one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-3 is combined with M in Equation 1.

[0131] In one or more embodiments, ring A in formula 1-2 403 It can be expressed by equation 2-1', equation 2-2', or equation 2-3':

[0132] ,

[0133] In Equations 2-1' to 2-3', * indicates the binding site with M in Equation 1.

[0134] In equations 2-1' to 2-3', equations 2-1' to 2-3' and R are omitted. 403 The connections between the groups and between Formulas 2-1' to 2-3' and N in the carbazoyl group.

[0135] In one or more embodiments, ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each can be independently C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl or C1-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0136] For example, ring A 401 And Ring A 402Each of these can be independently phenyl, pentanenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indole, acenaphthel, phenanthrene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene, perylene, pentanenyl, heptanenyl, tetraphenyl, styrene, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, keratyl, ovoleyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrene-rholinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazole, or benzoimidazolyl.

[0137] In one or more embodiments, M may be iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), rhodium (Rh), rhenium (Re), or thulium (Tm). For example, M may be Pt.

[0138] In one or more embodiments, ring A in Formula 1-1 402 It can be phenyl.

[0139] In one or more embodiments, ring A in Formula 1-1 401 It can be benzimidazole group.

[0140] In one or more embodiments, Equations 1-1 and 1-2 can be derived via a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-, or -N(Q). 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )= or =C= are connected to each other. For example, ring A in Equation 1-1 401 Ring A in equation 1-2 403 It can be transmitted via single bonds (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )= or =C= are connected to each other. For example, ring A in Equation 1-1 402 The carbazole moiety in formulas 1-2 can be obtained via single bonds (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, or -N(Q). 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or = C = connected to each other.

[0141] In one or more embodiments, Equation 1 can be represented by Equation 3-1:

[0142] Equation 3-1

[0143] ,

[0144] In Equation 3-1,

[0145] M can be a transition metal.

[0146] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0147] R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0148] a12 and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0149] a21, a22, and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0150] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0151] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0152] In one or more embodiments, equation 1 can be represented by equation 3-2:

[0153] Equation 3-2

[0154] ,

[0155] In Equation 3-2,

[0156] M can be a transition metal.

[0157] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0158] R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403-N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0159] a12 and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0160] a21, a22, and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0161] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0162] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0163] In one or more embodiments, Equation 1 can be represented by Equation 3-3:

[0164] Equation 3-3

[0165] ,

[0166] In Equation 3-3,

[0167] M can be a transition metal.

[0168] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0169] R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0170] a12, a22, and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0171] a21 and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0172] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0173] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0174] In one or more embodiments, equation 1 can be represented by equations 3-4:

[0175] Equation 3-4

[0176] ,

[0177] In Equation 3-4,

[0178] M can be a transition metal.

[0179] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0180] R 1-1R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0181] a12, a22, and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0182] a21 and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0183] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0184] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0185] In one or more embodiments, equation 1 can be represented by equations 3-5:

[0186] Formula 3-5

[0187] ,

[0188] In Equation 3-5,

[0189] M can be a transition metal.

[0190] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0191] R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0192] a12, a22, a23, and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0193] a21 and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0194] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0195] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0196] In one or more embodiments, equation 1 can be represented by equations 3-6:

[0197] Formula 3-6

[0198] ,

[0199] In Equation 3-6,

[0200] M can be a transition metal.

[0201] T 402 It can be a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-,

[0202] R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ),

[0203] a12, a22, a23, and a32 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 4 independently.

[0204] a21 and a31 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 2 independently.

[0205] a41 can be an integer selected from 0 to 3, and

[0206] R 10a It can be the same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 It can be the same as that specified in Equation 1.

[0207] In one or more embodiments, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, cyano, unsubstituted, or converted by at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C6-C 60 aryl or unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Mixed aromatic compounds.

[0208] For example, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, cyano, or selected from one of formulas r-1 to r-45:

[0209]

[0210] ,

[0211] In formulas r-1 to r-45, * indicates the binding site.

[0212] In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 1 may include one selected from compound 1 to compound 100:

[0213]

[0214]

[0215]

[0216]

[0217] .

[0218] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may include a light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments.

[0219] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor.

[0220] The thin-film transistor includes a source electrode and a drain electrode, and

[0221] The first electrode of the light-emitting device is electrically connected to at least one of the source electrode and the drain electrode selected from a thin-film transistor.

[0222] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a display module, a processor, a memory, and a power module.

[0223] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may include an electronic device for displaying images, a wearable electronic device, or an electronic device for a vehicle.

[0224] In one or more embodiments, the electronic device may be selected from smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, televisions (TVs), desktop monitors, smart glasses, head-mounted displays, smartwatches, vehicle dashboards, center consoles, center information displays (CIDs) on vehicle dashboards, and in-vehicle mirror displays.

[0225] As used herein, the term "sandwich" refers to a single layer and / or multiple layers between the first and second electrodes of a light-emitting device.

[0226] Figure 1 Description

[0227] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a light-emitting device 100 according to one or more embodiments. The light-emitting device 100 may include a first electrode 110, a sandwich layer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0228] The following text will combine Figure 1 The structure of the light-emitting device 100 according to one or more embodiments and the method of manufacturing the light-emitting device 100 are described in more detail.

[0229] First electrode 110

[0230] exist Figure 1In this case, the substrate may be additionally arranged or provided under the first electrode 110 or on the second electrode 150. As the substrate, a glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate may be used. In one or more embodiments, the substrate may be a flexible substrate and may include a plastic having excellent or suitable heat resistance and durability, such as polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide, or any combination thereof.

[0231] The first electrode 110 may be formed or provided by, for example, depositing and / or sputtering a material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 on the substrate. If (e.g., when) the first electrode 110 is an anode, the material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 may be a high work function material that facilitates hole injection.

[0232] The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, a transmissive reflective electrode, or a transmissive electrode. If (e.g., when) the first electrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, the material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 may include indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), tin oxide (e.g., SnO k , where 0 < k ≤ 2; for example, SnO2), zinc oxide (e.g., ZnO x , where 0 < x ≤ 2; for example, ZnO), or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, if (e.g., when) the first electrode 110 is a transmissive reflective electrode or a reflective electrode, the material for forming or providing the first electrode 110 may include magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), or any combination thereof.

[0233] The first electrode 110 may have a single-layer structure including a single layer (e.g., consisting of a single layer) or a multi-layer structure including multiple layers. In one or more embodiments, the first electrode 110 may have a three-layer structure of ITO / Ag / ITO.

[0234] Interlayer 130

[0235] The interlayer 130 may be provided or arranged above the first electrode 110. The interlayer 130 may include an emission layer.

[0236] The interlayer 130 may further include a hole transport region between the first electrode 110 and the emission layer and an electron transport region between the emission layer and the second electrode 150.

[0237] In addition to one or more suitable organic materials, the interlayer 130 may further include a metal-containing compound (such as an organometallic compound) and / or an inorganic material (such as a quantum dot), etc.

[0238] In one or more embodiments, the interlayer 130 may include: i) two or more emitting units stacked sequentially between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 150, and ii) a charge generation layer between adjacent emitting units in the two or more emitting units. If, for example, the interlayer 130 as described in one or more embodiments includes two or more emitting units and a charge generation layer therebetween, then the light-emitting device 100 may be a tandem light-emitting device.

[0239] Hole transport region in interlayer 130

[0240] The hole transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material), ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of multiple materials that are different from each other (e.g., composed of multiple materials that are different from each other), or iii) a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers of multiple materials that are different from each other.

[0241] The hole transport region may include a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

[0242] For example, the hole transport region may have a multilayer structure including a hole injection layer / hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injection layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transport layer / emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer / hole transport layer / electron blocking layer structure, wherein the layers in each structure are stacked sequentially starting from the first electrode 110.

[0243] The hole transport region may include the compound represented by Formula 201, the compound represented by Formula 202, or any combination thereof:

[0244] Formula 201

[0245] and

[0246] Formula 202

[0247] ,

[0248] Among them, in equations 201 and 202,

[0249] L 201 To L 204 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0250] L 205 It can be *-O-*', *-S-*', or *-N(Q) 201 )-*', unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkylene, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 20 alkenyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0251] xa1 to xa4 can each be an integer selected from 0 to 5 independently.

[0252] xa5 can be an integer selected from 1 to 10.

[0253] R 201 To R 204 and Q 201 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0254] R 201 and R 202 Optionally via a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups (e.g., carbazole group) (e.g., compound HT16),

[0255] R 203 and R 204 Optionally via a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond), unsubstituted, or by at least one R 10a Substituted C1-C5 alkylene groups or unsubstituted or substituted with at least one R 10a The substituted C2-C5 alkenyl groups are linked together to form an unsubstituted or substituted compound with at least one R group. 10a Replacement C8-C 60 Polycyclic groups, and

[0256] na1 can be an integer selected from 1 to 4.

[0257] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups selected from Formula CY201 to Formula CY217:

[0258] ,

[0259] In formulas CY201 to CY217, R 10b and R 10c Each can be associated with R. 10a The same restrictions apply to the CY ring. 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently C3-C 20 Carbocyclic or C1-C 20 Heterocyclic group, and at least one hydrogen in formulas CY201 to CY217 may be unsubstituted or R-substituted. 10a replace.

[0260] In one or more embodiments, the ring CY in formulas CY201 to CY217 201 To CY 204 Each can be independently phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl or anthracene.

[0261] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may include at least one of the groups selected from Formula CY201 to Formula CY203.

[0262] In one or more embodiments, formula 201 may include at least one group selected from formulas CY201 to CY203 and at least one group selected from formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0263] In one or more embodiments, in formula 201, xa1 can be 1, R 201 It can be a group represented by one selected from formulas CY201 to CY203, xa2 can be 0, and R 202 It can be a group represented by one of the formulas CY204 to CY207.

[0264] In one or more embodiments, each of Formula 201 and Formula 202 may not include groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203.

[0265] In one or more embodiments, each of Formulas 201 and 202 may not include groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY203, and may include at least one group selected from Formulas CY204 to CY217.

[0266] In one or more embodiments, each of Formulas 201 and 202 may not include groups represented by Formulas CY201 to CY217.

[0267] In one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may include one of compounds HT1 to HT46, m-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB (NPD), β-NPB, TPD, spiroTPD, spiroNPB, methylated NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4',4''-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine (TCTA), polyaniline / dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI / DBSA), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT / PSS), polyaniline / camphorsulfonic acid (PANI / CSA), polyaniline / poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI / PSS), or any combination thereof:

[0268]

[0269]

[0270]

[0271]

[0272]

[0273]

[0274]

[0275]

[0276]

[0277]

[0278]

[0279] .

[0280] The thickness of the hole transport region can be from about 50 Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, from about 100 Å to about 4,000 Å. If (for example, when) the hole transport region includes a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole injection layer can be from about 100 Å to about 9,000 Å, for example, from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, and the thickness of the hole transport layer can be from about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example, from about 100 Å to about 1,500 Å. If (for example, when) the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the hole injection layer, and the hole transport layer are within the aforementioned ranges, satisfactory or appropriate hole transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0281] The emission assist layer can increase or enhance luminous efficiency by compensating for the optical resonant distance of the wavelength of light emitted by the emission layer, and the electron blocking layer can prevent electrons from leaking from the emission layer to the hole transport region (or reduce the degree or occurrence of electron leakage). Materials that may be included in the hole transport region may be included in both the emission assist layer and the electron blocking layer.

[0282] p-dopants

[0283] In addition to the materials described in one or more embodiments, the hole transport region may further include a charge-generating material for improving or enhancing electrical conductivity (e.g., electrical conductivity) properties. The charge-generating material may be uniformly (e.g., substantially uniformly) or non-uniformly dispersed in the hole transport region (e.g., in the form of a single layer comprising the charge-generating material (e.g., composed of the charge-generating material)).

[0284] The charge-generating material can be, for example, a p-doped agent.

[0285] For example, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) level of a p-doped agent can be -3.5 eV or lower.

[0286] In one or more embodiments, the p-doper may include quinone derivatives, cyano-containing compounds, compounds comprising elements EL1 and EL2, or any combination thereof.

[0287] Examples of quinone derivatives may include TCNQ and F4-TCNQ.

[0288] Examples of cyano-containing compounds may include HAT-CN and compounds represented by formula 221:

[0289] and

[0290] Equation 221

[0291] ,

[0292] In Equation 221,

[0293] R 221 To R 223 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, and

[0294] Selected from R 221 To R 223 At least one of them can be independently either unsubstituted or substituted C3-C. 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups: cyano; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; C1-C substituted with cyano, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I or any combination thereof 20 Alkyl groups; or any combination thereof.

[0295] In a compound that includes elements EL1 and EL2, element EL1 may be a metal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof, and element EL2 may be a nonmetal, a metalloid, or a combination thereof.

[0296] Examples of metals may include alkali metals (e.g., lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and / or cesium (Cs); alkaline earth metals (e.g., beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and / or barium (Ba); transition metals (e.g., titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), technetium (Tc), rhenium (Re), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), and cobalt (C). (e.g., rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag) and / or gold (Au); post-transition metals (e.g., zinc (Zn), indium (In) and / or tin (Sn); and lanthanides (e.g., lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and / or lutetium (Lu).)

[0297] Examples of metalloids may include silicon (Si), antimony (Sb), and tellurium (Te).

[0298] Examples of nonmetals may include oxygen (O) and halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br and / or I).

[0299] Examples of compounds including elements EL1 and EL2 may include metal oxides, metal halides (e.g., metal fluorides, metal chlorides, metal bromides and / or metal iodides), quasi-metal halides (e.g., quasi-metal fluorides, quasi-metal chlorides, quasi-metal bromides and / or quasi-metal iodides), metal tellurides, or any combination thereof.

[0300] Examples of metal oxides may include tungsten oxides (e.g., WO, W2O3, WO2, WO3 and / or W2O5, etc.), vanadium oxides (e.g., VO, V2O3, VO2 and / or V2O5, etc.), molybdenum oxides (e.g., MoO, Mo2O3, MoO2, MoO3 and / or Mo2O5, etc.) and rhenium oxides (e.g., ReO3, etc.).

[0301] Examples of metal halides may include alkali metal halides, alkaline earth metal halides, transition metal halides, post-transition metal halides, and lanthanide metal halides.

[0302] Examples of alkali metal halides may include LiF, NaF, KF, RbF, CsF, LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, RbBr, CsBr, LiI, NaI, KI, RbI, and CsI.

[0303] Examples of alkaline earth metal halides may include BeF2, MgF2, CaF2, SrF2, BaF2, BeCl2, MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2, BeBr2, MgBr2, CaBr2, SrBr2, BaBr2, BeI2, MgI2, CaI2, SrI2, and BaI2.

[0304] Examples of transition metal halides may include titanium halides (e.g., TiF4, TiCl4, TiBr4 and / or TiI4, etc.), zirconium halides (e.g., ZrF4, ZrCl4, ZrBr4 and / or ZrI4, etc.), hafnium halides (e.g., HfF4, HfCl4, HfBr4 and / or HfI4, etc.), vanadium halides (e.g., VF3, VCl3, VBr3 and / or VI3, etc.), niobium halides (e.g., NbF3, NbCl3, NbBr3 and / or NbI3, etc.), and tantalum halides (e.g., TaF3, TaCl3, TaBr3, etc.). 3 and / or TaI3, etc.), chromium halides (e.g., CrF3, CrCl3, CrBr3 and / or CrI3, etc.), molybdenum halides (e.g., MoF3, MoCl3, MoBr3 and / or MoI3, etc.), tungsten halides (e.g., WF3, WCl3, WBr3 and / or WI3, etc.), manganese halides (e.g., MnF2, MnCl2, MnBr2 and / or MnI2, etc.), technetium halides (e.g., TcF2, TcCl2, TcBr2 and / or TcI2, etc.), rhenium halides (e.g., ReF2, ReCl2, ReBr2 and / or ReI2, etc.). Ferrous halides (e.g., FeF2, FeCl2, FeBr2 and / or FeI2), ruthenium halides (e.g., RuF2, RuCl2, RuBr2 and / or RuI2), osmium halides (e.g., OsF2, OsCl2, OsBr2 and / or OsI2), cobalt halides (e.g., CoF2, CoCl2, CoBr2 and / or CoI2), rhodium halides (e.g., RhF2, RhCl2, RhBr2 and / or RhI2), iridium halides (e.g., IrF2, IrCl2, IrBr2). Nickel halides (e.g., NiF2, NiCl2, NiBr2 and / or NiI2), palladium halides (e.g., PdF2, PdCl2, PdBr2 and / or PdI2), platinum halides (e.g., PtF2, PtCl2, PtBr2 and / or PtI2), cuprous halides (e.g., CuF, CuCl, CuBr and / or CuI), silver halides (e.g., AgF, AgCl, AgBr and / or AgI), and gold halides (e.g., AuF, AuCl, AuBr and / or AuI).

[0305] Examples of post-transition metal halides may include zinc halides (e.g., ZnF2, ZnCl2, ZnBr2 and / or ZnI2, etc.), indium halides (e.g., InI3, etc.) and tin halides (e.g., SnI2, etc.).

[0306] Examples of lanthanide metal halides may include YbF, YbF2, YbF3, SmF3, YbCl, YbCl2, YbCl3, SmCl3, YbBr, YbBr2, YbBr3, SmBr3, YbI, YbI2, YbI3, and SmI3.

[0307] Examples of quasi-metal halides may include antimony halides (e.g., SbCl5, etc.).

[0308] Examples of metal tellurides may include alkali metal tellurides (e.g., Li₂Te, Na₂Te, K₂Te, Rb₂Te and / or Cs₂Te, etc.), alkaline earth metal tellurides (e.g., BeTe, MgTe, CaTe, SrTe and / or BaTe, etc.), and transition metal tellurides (e.g., TiTe₂, ZrTe₂, HfTe₂, V₂Te₃, Nb₂Te₃, Ta₂Te₃, Cr₂Te₃, Mo₂Te₃, W₂Te₃, MnTe, TcTe, ReTe, F₂Te, etc.). (eTe, RuTe, OsTe, CoTe, RhTe, IrTe, NiTe, PdTe, PtTe, Cu2Te, CuTe, Ag2Te, AgTe and / or Au2Te, etc.), post-transition metal tellurides (e.g., ZnTe, etc.) and lanthanide metal tellurides (e.g., LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe and / or LuTe, etc.).

[0309] emission layer in interlayer 130

[0310] If (for example, when) the light-emitting device 100 is a full-color light-emitting device, the emitting layer may be patterned as a red emitting layer, a green emitting layer, and / or a blue emitting layer according to the sub-pixels. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from red, green, and blue emitting layers, wherein the two or more layers are in contact with or separated from each other to emit white light. In one or more embodiments, the emitting layer may include two or more materials selected from red, green, and blue emitting materials, wherein the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a single layer to emit white light.

[0311] The emitting layer may include a host and a dopant. The dopant may include phosphorescent dopant, fluorescent dopant, or any combination thereof.

[0312] Based on 100 parts by weight of the host, the amount of dopant in the emitter layer can be from about 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight.

[0313] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include quantum dots.

[0314] In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material. The delayed fluorescence material may act as a host or dopant in the emission layer.

[0315] The thickness of the emitting layer can be from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, from about 200 Å to about 600 Å. If (for example, when) the thickness of the emitting layer is within the aforementioned range, excellent or suitable light emission characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0316] main body

[0317] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by formula 301:

[0318] Formula 301

[0319] [Ar 301 ] xb11 -[(L 301 ) xb1 -R 301 ] xb21 ,

[0320] In Equation 301,

[0321] Ar 301 and L 301 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0322] xb11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0323] xb1 can be an integer selected from 0 to 5.

[0324] R 301 It can be hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 alkenyl, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C2-C 60 Alkyne group, unsubstituted or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 301 (Q) 302 (Q) 303 -N(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -B(Q) 301 (Q) 302 -C(=O)(Q) 301 -S(=O)2(Q) 301 ) or -P(=O)(Q 301 (Q) 302 ),

[0325] xb21 can be an integer selected from 1 to 5, and

[0326] Q 301 To Q 303 Each can be the same as the one specified for Q1.

[0327] In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) xb11 in equation 301 is 2 or greater, then two or more Ar 301 They can be connected to each other via single bonds (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0328] In one or more embodiments, the body may include a compound represented by Formula 301-1, a compound represented by Formula 301-2, or any combination thereof:

[0329] Formula 301-1

[0330] and

[0331] Formula 301-2

[0332] ,

[0333] Among them, in equations 301-1 and 301-2,

[0334] Ring A 301 To Ring A 304 Each can be independently C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0335] X 301 It can be -O-, -S-, -N[(L 304 ) xb4 -R 304 ]-、-C(R 304 (R) 305 )-or-Si(R 304 (R) 305)-,

[0336] xb22 and xb23 can each be 0, 1, or 2 independently.

[0337] L 301 xb1 and R 301 Each may be the same as defined in one or more embodiments.

[0338] L 302 To L 304 Each can be independently associated with L 301 The same restrictions apply.

[0339] xb2 to xb4 can each be independently identical to the one that defines xb1, and

[0340] R 302 To R 305 and R 311 To R 314 Each can be independently associated with R 301 The same restrictions apply.

[0341] In one or more embodiments, the body may include an alkaline earth metal complex, a post-transition metal complex, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the body may include a Be complex (e.g., compound H55), a Mg complex, a Zn complex, or any combination thereof.

[0342] In one or more embodiments, the main body may include: one selected from compounds H1 to H128; 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN); 2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthyl-2-yl)anthracene (MADN); 9,10-bis(2-naphthyl)-2-tert-butyl-anthracene (TBADN); 4,4'-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1'-biphenyl (CBP); 1,3-bis(9-carbazolyl)benzene (mCP); 1,3,5-tris(carbazolyl-9-yl)benzene (TCP); or any combination thereof:

[0343]

[0344]

[0345]

[0346]

[0347]

[0348]

[0349]

[0350]

[0351]

[0352]

[0353]

[0354]

[0355]

[0356]

[0357]

[0358] .

[0359] Phosphorescent dopants

[0360] Phosphorescent dopants may include compounds represented by Formula 1 according to one or more embodiments.

[0361] Fluorescent dopants

[0362] Fluorescent dopants may include amine-containing compounds, styrene-containing compounds, or any combination thereof.

[0363] For example, fluorescent dopants may include compounds represented by formula 501:

[0364] Formula 501

[0365] ,

[0366] In Equation 501,

[0367] Ar 501 L 501 To L 503 R 501 and R 502 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0368] xd1 to xd3 can each be independently 0, 1, 2, or 3, and

[0369] xd4 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0370] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 501 501 It can be a fused ring group in which three or more monocyclic groups are fused together (e.g., anthracene, 1,2-benzophenanthrene and / or pyrene, etc.).

[0371] In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2.

[0372] In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may include: one selected from compounds FD1 to FD37; DPVBi; DPAVBi; or any combination thereof:

[0373]

[0374]

[0375]

[0376]

[0377]

[0378]

[0379]

[0380] .

[0381] Delayed fluorescence materials

[0382] The emission layer may include a delayed fluorescence material.

[0383] In this paper, the delayed fluorescence material can be selected from compounds that can emit delayed fluorescence based on the delayed fluorescence emission mechanism.

[0384] Depending on the type or variety of other materials included in the emission layer, the delayed fluorescence material included in the emission layer can act as either a host or a dopant.

[0385] In one or more embodiments, the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material may be at least about 0 eV and no greater than about 0.5 eV. If (for example, when) the difference between the triplet energy level (eV) and the singlet energy level (eV) of the delayed fluorescent material satisfies the aforementioned range, then an upconversion of the delayed fluorescent material from the triplet state to the singlet state can occur effectively or appropriately, and therefore, the light-emitting device 100 may have improved or enhanced luminous efficiency.

[0386] In one or more embodiments, the delayed fluorescence material may include: i) comprising at least one electron donor (e.g., a π-electron-rich C3-C ... 60 Cyclic groups, such as carbazole groups, and at least one electron acceptor (e.g., sulfoxide, cyano, and / or a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons). 60 Materials containing heterocyclic groups, etc., ii) including C8-C cyclic groups comprising at least two cyclic groups fused together while sharing boron (B). 60 Materials with polycyclic groups.

[0387] Examples of delayed fluorescent materials may include at least one selected from compounds DF1 to DF14:

[0388]

[0389]

[0390] .

[0391] Electron transport region in interlayer 130

[0392] The electron transport region may have: i) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material); ii) a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of two or more materials that are different from each other (e.g., composed of two or more materials that are different from each other); or iii) a multilayer structure comprising two or more layers of two or more materials that are different from each other.

[0393] The electron transport region may include a buffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof.

[0394] For example, the electron transport region may have a structure including an electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure or a hole blocking layer / electron transport layer / electron injection layer structure, wherein in each structure, the constituent layers are stacked sequentially from the emission layer.

[0395] The electron transport region (e.g., a hole-blocking layer or electron transport layer within the electron transport region) may include a nitrogen-containing C1-C layer containing at least one π-deficient electron. 60 Metal-free compounds with heterocyclic groups.

[0396] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by Formula 601.

[0397] Formula 601

[0398] [Ar 601 ]xe11 -[(L 601 ) xe1 -R 601 ] xe21 ,

[0399] In Equation 601,

[0400] Ar 601 and L 601 Each can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group,

[0401] xe11 can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0402] xe1 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

[0403] R 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 601 (Q) 602 (Q) 603 -C(=O)(Q) 601 -S(=O)2(Q) 601 ) or -P(=O)(Q 601 (Q) 602 ),

[0404] Q 601 To Q 603 Each can be the same as the one specified for Q1.

[0405] xe21 can be 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, and

[0406] Selected from Ar 601 L 601 and R 601 At least one of them can be independently unsubstituted or by at least one R. 10a Substituted π-electron-deficient nitrogen-containing C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0407] In one or more embodiments, if (for example, when) xe11 in equation 601 is 2 or greater, then two or more Ar 601 They can be linked together by a single bond (e.g., a single covalent bond).

[0408] In one or more embodiments, Ar in Formula 601 601 It can be unsubstituted or by at least one R 10a Substituted anthracene group.

[0409] In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include a compound represented by formula 601-1:

[0410] Formula 601-1

[0411] ,

[0412] In Equation 601-1,

[0413] X 614 It can be N or C(R) 614 ), X 615 It can be N or C(R) 615 ), X 616 It can be N or C(R) 616 ), and selected from X 614 To X 616 At least one of them can be N,

[0414] L 611 To L 613 Each can be associated with L 601 The same restrictions apply.

[0415] xe611 to xe613 can each be the same as the definition for xe1.

[0416] R 611 To R 613 Each can be associated with R. 601 The same restrictions apply, and

[0417] R 614 To R 616 Each can be independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group is either unsubstituted or has at least one R group. 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group.

[0418] In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formula 601 and Formula 601-1 may each be 0, 1 or 2 independently.

[0419] The electron transport region may include one selected from compounds ET1 to ET46, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq3, BAlq, TAZ, NTAZ, or any combination thereof:

[0420]

[0421]

[0422]

[0423]

[0424]

[0425]

[0426] .

[0427] The thickness of the electron transport region can be from about 100 Å to about 5,000 Å, for example, from about 160 Å to about 4,000 Å. If (for example, when) the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, an electron transport layer, or any combination thereof, the thickness of the hole blocking layer can be from about 20 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, from about 30 Å to about 300 Å. The thickness of the electron transport layer can be from about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, from about 150 Å to about 500 Å. If (for example, when) the thickness of the hole blocking layer and / or the electron transport layer is within the aforementioned range, satisfactory or appropriate electron transport characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0428] In addition to the materials described in one or more embodiments, the electron transport region (e.g., the electron transport layer in the electron transport region) may further include a metallic material.

[0429] Metal-containing materials may include alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof. The metal ion in an alkali metal complex may be Li, Na, K, Rb, or Cs ions, and the metal ion in an alkaline earth metal complex may be Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba ions. Ligands coordinating with the metal ions of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal complex may include hydroxyquinolinyl, hydroxyisoquinolinyl, hydroxybenzoquinolinyl, hydroxyacridyl, hydroxyphenanthinyl, hydroxyphenyloxazolyl, hydroxyphenylthiazolyl, hydroxyphenyloxadiazolyl, hydroxyphenylthiazolyl, hydroxyphenylpyridyl, hydroxyphenylbenzimidazolyl, hydroxyphenylbenzothiazolyl, bipyridyl, phenanthrolinel, cyclopentadienyl, or any combination thereof.

[0430] In one or more embodiments, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. The Li complex may include, for example, compound ET-D1 (Liq) and / or compound ET-D2:

[0431] .

[0432] The electron transport region may include an electron injection layer that facilitates the injection of electrons from the second electrode 150. The electron injection layer may be in direct contact with the second electrode 150.

[0433] The electron-injected layer may have: i) a monolayer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of a single material (e.g., composed of a single material); ii) a monolayer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) of two or more materials that are different from each other (e.g., composed of two or more materials that are different from each other); or iii) a multilayer structure comprising two or more layers of two or more materials that are different from each other.

[0434] The electron injection layer may include alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof.

[0435] Alkali metals may include Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, or any combination thereof. Alkali earth metals may include Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, or any combination thereof. Rare earth metals may include Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, Gd, or any combination thereof.

[0436] Alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, and rare earth metal compounds may include oxides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and rare earth metals, halides (e.g., fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and / or iodides, etc.) or tellurides, or any combination thereof.

[0437] The alkali metal compound may include: alkali metal oxides, such as Li2O, Cs2O or K2O; alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF, KF, LiI, NaI, CsI or KI; or any combination thereof. The alkaline earth metal compound may include alkaline earth metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba x Sr 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1) or Ba x Ca 1-x O (where x is a real number satisfying 0 < x < 1). The rare earth metal compound may include YbF3, ScF3, Sc2O3, Y2O3, Ce2O3, GdF3, TbF3, YbI3, ScI3, TbI3 or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the rare earth metal compound may include lanthanide metal tellurides. Examples of lanthanide metal tellurides may include LaTe, CeTe, PrTe, NdTe, PmTe, SmTe, EuTe, GdTe, TbTe, DyTe, HoTe, ErTe, TmTe, YbTe, LuTe, La2Te3, Ce2Te3, Pr2Te3, Nd2Te3, Pm2Te3, Sm2Te3, Eu2Te3, Gd2Te3, Tb2Te3, Dy2Te3, Ho2Te3, Er2Te3, Tm2Te3, Yb2Te3 and Lu2Te3.

[0438] The alkali metal complex, alkaline earth metal complex and rare earth metal complex may include i) one of the metal ions selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals and ii) ligands bonded to the metal ions, for example, hydroxyquinolinyl, hydroxyisoquinolinyl, hydroxybenzoquinolinyl, hydroxyacridinyl, hydroxyphenanthridinyl, hydroxyphenyl oxazolyl, hydroxyphenyl thiazolyl, hydroxyphenyl oxadiazolyl, hydroxyphenyl thiadiazolyl, hydroxyphenyl pyridyl, hydroxyphenyl benzimidazolyl, hydroxyphenyl benzothiazolyl, bipyridyl, phenanthrolinyl, cyclopentadienyl or any combination thereof.

[0439] The electron injection layer may include the following (for example, consist of): alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes or any combination thereof as described in one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include an organic material (for example, a compound represented by Formula 601).

[0440] In one or more embodiments, the electron-injected layer may include (e.g., composed of): i) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); ii) a) an alkali metal compound (e.g., an alkali metal halide); and b) an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the electron-injected layer may be a KI:Yb co-deposited layer, an RbI:Yb co-deposited layer, and / or a LiF:Yb co-deposited layer, etc.

[0441] If (for example, when) the electron injection layer further comprises an organic material, then alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, rare earth metal compounds, alkali metal complexes, alkaline earth metal complexes, rare earth metal complexes, or any combination thereof may be uniformly (e.g., substantially uniformly) or non-uniformly dispersed in the matrix comprising the organic material.

[0442] The thickness of the electron injection layer can be from about 1 Å to about 100 Å, for example, from about 3 Å to about 90 Å. If (for example, when) the thickness of the electron injection layer is within the aforementioned range, satisfactory or appropriate electron injection characteristics can be obtained without significantly increasing the driving voltage.

[0443] Second electrode 150

[0444] The second electrode 150 may be disposed or provided on the interlayer 130. The second electrode 150 may be a cathode (which is an electron injection electrode) and may utilize metals, alloys, conductive compounds or any combination thereof, each having a low work function, as materials for forming or providing the second electrode 150.

[0445] The second electrode 150 may include lithium (Li), sodium (Na), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), silver-lithium (Ag-Li), silver-sodium (Ag-Na), aluminum-lithium (Al-Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg-In), magnesium-silver (Mg-Ag), ytterbium (Yb), silver-ytterbium (Ag-Yb), ITO, IZO, or any combination thereof. The second electrode 150 may be a transmission electrode, a transmission-reflection electrode, or a reflection electrode.

[0446] The second electrode 150 may have a single-layer structure comprising a single layer (e.g., composed of a single layer) or a multi-layer structure comprising multiple layers.

[0447] Capping layer

[0448] A first capping layer may be disposed or provided outside the first electrode 110 (e.g., around or surrounding the first electrode 110), and / or a second capping layer may be disposed or provided outside the second electrode 150 (e.g., around or surrounding the second electrode 150). More specifically, the light-emitting device 100 may have a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, and the second electrode 150 are stacked sequentially in the described order, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the described order, or a structure in which the first capping layer, the first electrode 110, the interlayer 130, the second electrode 150, and the second capping layer are stacked sequentially in the described order.

[0449] Light generated in the emitting layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 100 can be extracted outward through the first electrode 110 (which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the first capping layer. Light generated in the emitting layer of the interlayer 130 of the light-emitting device 100 can be extracted outward through the second electrode 150 (which is a semi-transparent electrode or a transmissive electrode) and the second capping layer.

[0450] The first and second capping layers can increase or enhance the external emission efficiency based on the principle of constructive interference. Accordingly, the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device 100 can be increased or enhanced, and the luminous efficiency of the light-emitting device 100 can be improved or enhanced accordingly.

[0451] Each of the first and second capping layers may include a material having a refractive index of 1.6 or greater (at 589 nm).

[0452] The first capping layer and the second capping layer can each be independently an organic capping layer including organic materials, an inorganic capping layer including inorganic materials, or an organic-inorganic composite capping layer including both organic and inorganic materials.

[0453] At least one of the first and second capping layers may independently comprise a carbocyclic compound, a heterocyclic compound, an amino-containing compound, a porphyrin derivative, a phthalocyanine derivative, a naphthyl phthalocyanine derivative, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth metal complex, or any combination thereof. The carbocyclic compound, heterocyclic compound, and amino-containing compound may optionally be substituted with substituents comprising O, N, S, Se, Si, F, Cl, Br, I, or any combination thereof. In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first and second capping layers may independently comprise an amino-containing compound.

[0454] In one or more embodiments, at least one selected from the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include a compound represented by formula 201, a compound represented by formula 202, or any combination thereof.

[0455] In one or more embodiments, at least one of the first capping layer and the second capping layer may each independently include one of compounds HT28 to HT33, one of compounds CP1 to CP6, β-NPB, or any combination thereof:

[0456]

[0457] .

[0458] electronic devices

[0459] The light-emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices. For example, the electronic device including the light-emitting device may be a light-emitting device and / or an authentication device, etc.

[0460] In addition to the light-emitting device, the electronic device (e.g., the light-emitting device) may further include: i) a color filter, ii) a color conversion layer, or iii) a color filter and a color conversion layer. The color filter and / or the color conversion layer may be arranged or provided in at least one direction of travel of the light emitted from the light-emitting device. For example, the light emitted from the light-emitting device may be blue light or white light. A description of the light-emitting device may be given with reference to the description in one or more embodiments.

[0461] An electronic device may include a first substrate. The first substrate may include a plurality of sub-pixel regions, a color filter may include a plurality of color filter regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions, and a color conversion layer may include a plurality of color conversion regions corresponding to the plurality of sub-pixel regions.

[0462] Pixel-defining films can be arranged or provided between multiple sub-pixel regions to define each of the multiple sub-pixel regions.

[0463] The color filter may further include a plurality of color filter areas and an arrangement or a light-shielding pattern between the plurality of color filter areas, and the color conversion layer may further include a plurality of color conversion areas and an arrangement or a light-shielding pattern between the plurality of color conversion areas.

[0464] Multiple color filter regions (or multiple color conversion regions) may include a first region emitting a first color light, a second region emitting a second color light, and / or a third region emitting a third color light, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and / or the third color light may have different maximum emission wavelengths. In one or more embodiments, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be blue light. In one or more embodiments, the multiple color filter regions (or multiple color conversion regions) may include quantum dots. More specifically, the first region may include red quantum dots, the second region may include green quantum dots, and the third region may not include quantum dots. A description of quantum dots can be found in the descriptions of one or more embodiments. The first region, the second region, and / or the third region may each further include a scatterer (e.g., a light scatterer).

[0465] In one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device can emit first light, a first region can absorb the first light to emit first-first-color light, a second region can absorb the first light to emit second-first-color light, and a third region can absorb the first light to emit third-first-color light. In this case, the first-first-color light, the second-first-color light, and the third-first-color light can have different maximum emission wavelengths. More specifically, the first light can be blue light, the first-first-color light can be red light, the second-first-color light can be green light, and the third-first-color light can be blue light.

[0466] In addition to the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments, the electronic device may further include a thin-film transistor. The thin-film transistor may include a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active (e.g., electrically active) layer, wherein any one of the source electrode and the drain electrode is electrically connected to any one of the first electrode and the second electrode selected from the light-emitting device.

[0467] Thin-film transistors may further include gate electrodes and / or gate insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) films, etc.

[0468] The active layer may include crystalline silicon, amorphous (e.g., non-crystalline) silicon, organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, etc.

[0469] The electronic device may further include a sealing portion to seal the light-emitting device. The sealing portion may be disposed or provided between the color filter and / or color conversion layer and the light-emitting device. The sealing portion allows light from the light-emitting device to be extracted to the outside and simultaneously (e.g., synchronously) prevents ambient air and / or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting device (or reduces the extent or occurrence of ambient air and / or moisture penetration into the light-emitting device). The sealing portion may be a sealing substrate comprising a transparent (e.g., substantially transparent) glass substrate and / or a plastic substrate. The sealing portion may be a thin-film encapsulation layer comprising at least one layer of organic and inorganic layers. If (e.g., when) the sealing portion is a thin-film encapsulation layer, the electronic device may be flexible.

[0470] Depending on the intended use of the electronic device, in addition to color filters and / or color conversion layers, one or more suitable functional layers may be additionally arranged or provided on the sealed portion. Examples of functional layers may include a touchscreen layer and a polarizing layer. The touchscreen layer may be a pressure-sensitive touchscreen layer, a capacitive touchscreen layer, and / or an infrared touchscreen layer. The authentication device may be, for example, a biometric authentication device that authenticates an individual using biometric information from a living body (e.g., fingertips and / or pupils).

[0471] In addition to the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments, the authentication device may further include a biometric information collector.

[0472] Electronic devices may be applied to one or more suitable displays, light sources, lighting devices, personal computers (e.g., mobile personal computers), mobile phones, digital cameras, electronic notebooks, electronic dictionaries, video game consoles, medical tools (e.g., electronic thermometers, blood pressure monitors, blood glucose meters, pulse measuring devices, pulse wave measuring devices, electrocardiogram displays, ultrasound diagnostic devices and / or endoscopic displays), fish finders, one or more suitable measuring tools, instruments (e.g., instruments for vehicles, aircraft and ships), and / or projectors, etc.

[0473] Electronic equipment

[0474] The light-emitting device may be included in one or more suitable electronic devices.

[0475] For example, electronic devices including light-emitting devices may be selected from flat panel displays, curved displays, computer monitors, medical monitors, televisions, billboards, lamps for indoor lighting, lamps for outdoor lighting, lamps for signaling (e.g., signal lights), head-up displays, fully transparent displays, partially transparent displays, flexible displays, rollable displays, foldable displays, retractable displays, laser printers, telephones, mobile phones, tablet computers, phablet computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), wearable devices, laptop computers, digital cameras, camcorders, viewfinders, microdisplays, 3D displays, virtual reality displays, augmented reality displays, vehicles, video walls including two or more displays spliced ​​together, theater screens, stadium screens, light therapy devices, and signs.

[0476] Because light-emitting devices have excellent or adequate performance in terms of luminous efficiency and lifespan, electronic devices that include light-emitting devices can have the characteristics of high brightness, high resolution and low power consumption.

[0477] Figure 2 and Figure 3 Description

[0478] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 180 according to one or more embodiments.

[0479] Figure 2 The electronic device 180 includes a substrate 1000, a thin-film transistor (TFT), a light-emitting device, and a sealing portion 300 that seals the light-emitting device.

[0480] The substrate 1000 may be a flexible substrate, a glass substrate, and / or a metal substrate. A buffer layer 210 may be disposed or provided on the substrate 1000. The buffer layer 210 may prevent the penetration of impurities through the substrate 1000 (or reduce the degree or occurrence of impurity penetration) and may provide a flat (e.g., substantially flat) surface on the substrate 1000.

[0481] The TFT may be disposed or provided on the buffer layer 210. The TFT may include an active layer 220, a gate electrode 240, a source electrode 260, and a drain electrode 270.

[0482] The active layer 220 may include inorganic semiconductors (such as silicon and / or polysilicon), organic semiconductors and / or oxide semiconductors, and may include source regions, drain regions and channel regions.

[0483] A gate insulating film 230 that insulates the active layer 220 from the gate electrode 240 (e.g., electrically) may be disposed or provided on the active layer 220, and the gate electrode 240 may be disposed or provided on the gate insulating film 230.

[0484] The interlayer insulating film 250 may be disposed or provided on the gate electrode 240. The interlayer insulating film 250 may be disposed or provided between the gate electrode 240 and the source electrode 260 and between the gate electrode 240 and the drain electrode 270 to insulate these electrodes from each other (e.g., electrically insulating).

[0485] The source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be disposed or provided on the interlayer insulating film 250. The interlayer insulating film 250 and the gate insulating film 230 may be formed or provided to expose the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, and the source electrode 260 and the drain electrode 270 may be disposed or provided to contact the exposed portions of the source region and the drain region of the active layer 220, respectively.

[0486] The TFT may be electrically connected to the light-emitting device to drive the light-emitting device and may be covered and protected by the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may include an inorganic insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) film, an organic insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) film, or any combination thereof. The light-emitting device may be provided on the passivation layer 280. The light-emitting device may include a first electrode 110, an interlayer 130, and a second electrode 150.

[0487] The first electrode 110 may be disposed or provided on the passivation layer 280. The passivation layer 280 may be disposed or provided to expose a part of the drain electrode 270 without completely covering the drain electrode 270, and the first electrode 110 may be disposed or provided to be connected to the exposed portion of the drain electrode 270.

[0488] The pixel defining film 290 including an insulating (e.g., electrically insulating) material may be disposed or provided on the first electrode 110. The pixel defining film 290 may expose a specific region (e.g., a set region or a predetermined region) of the first electrode 110, and the interlayer 130 may be formed or provided in the exposed region of the first electrode 110. The pixel defining film 290 may be a polyimide-based organic film and / or a polyacrylic acid-based organic film. In one or more embodiments, at least one layer of the interlayer 130 may extend beyond the upper portion of the pixel defining film 290 so as to be disposed or provided in the form of a common layer.

[0489] The second electrode 150 may be disposed or provided on the interlayer 130, and a capping layer 170 may be further formed or provided on the second electrode 150. The capping layer 170 may be formed or provided to cover the second electrode 150.

[0490] The sealing portion 300 may be on the capping layer 170. The sealing portion 300 may be provided or disposed on the light-emitting device to protect the light-emitting device from moisture and / or oxygen. The sealing portion 300 may include: an inorganic film including silicon nitride (e.g., SiN x , where 0 < x ≤ 2; e.g., Si3N4), silicon oxide (e.g., SiO x, where 0 < x ≤ 2; for example, SiO2), indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, or any combination thereof; an organic film, the organic film including polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyethylene sulfonate, polyoxymethylene, polyarylate, hexamethyldisiloxane, acrylic resins (e.g., polymethyl methacrylate and / or polyacrylic acid, etc.), epoxy resins (e.g., aliphatic glycidyl ether (AGE), etc.), or any combination thereof; or a combination of an inorganic film and an organic film.

[0491] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device 190 according to one or more embodiments.

[0492] Figure 3 The electronic device 190 of Figure 2 is substantially the same as the electronic device 180 of Figure 3 except that the light-shielding pattern 500 and the functional region 400 are additionally arranged or provided on the sealing portion 300. The functional region 400 can be i) a color filter region, ii) a color conversion region, or iii) a combination of a color filter region and a color conversion region. In one or more embodiments,

[0493] Figure 4 description of

[0494] The light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments can be applied to one or more suitable electronic devices. The electronic device according to one or more embodiments can include the light-emitting device as described in one or more embodiments, and in addition to the light-emitting device, can further include modules or devices having additional functions.

[0495] Figure 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device 10 according to one or more embodiments. Referring to Figure 4 , the electronic device 10 according to one or more embodiments can include a display module 11, a processor 12, a memory 13, and a power module 14.

[0496] The processor 12 can include at least one selected from a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), an image signal processor (ISP), and a controller.

[0497] The data information necessary or desired for the operation of the processor 12 or the display module 11 can be stored in the memory 13. If (e.g., when) the processor 12 executes an application program stored in the memory 13, an image data signal and / or an input control signal can be transmitted to the display module 11, and the display module 11 can process the received signals and output image information through the display screen.

[0498] The power module 14 may include: a power supply module, such as a power adapter or battery device; and a power conversion module that converts the power supplied by the power supply module to generate the power required for the operation of the electronic device 10.

[0499] At least one of the components selected from the electronic device 10 may be included in the light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments. In one or more embodiments, one or more separate modules functionally included in a single module may be included in the light-emitting device, and other modules may be provided separately from the light-emitting device. For example, the light-emitting device may include a display module 11, and the processor 12, memory 13, and power module 14 may be provided as devices in the electronic device 10 other than the light-emitting device.

[0500] Figure 5 Description

[0501] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to one or more embodiments.

[0502] refer to Figure 5 The application of the light-emitting device according to one or more embodiments may include not only electronic devices for displaying images (such as smartphones 10_1a, tablet PCs 10_1b, laptops 10_1c, TVs 10_1d and / or desktop monitors 10_1e, etc.), but also wearable electronic devices containing light-emitting modules (such as smart glasses 10_2a, head-mounted displays 10_2b and / or smartwatches 10_2c, etc.) and electronic devices containing display modules 10_3 (including vehicle dashboards, center consoles, center information displays (CID) on dashboards and / or interior mirror displays, etc.).

[0503] Manufacturing method

[0504] The layers constituting the hole transport region, the emission layer, and the electron transport region can be formed or provided in specific regions (e.g., designated or predetermined regions) by using one or more suitable methods (e.g., vacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Brookett (LB) deposition, inkjet printing, laser printing, and / or laser-induced thermal imaging).

[0505] If (for example, when) the layer constituting the hole transport region, the emitter layer, and the layer constituting the electron transport region are each formed or provided by vacuum deposition, the deposition can be carried out at a deposition temperature in the range of about 100°C to about 500°C, within about 10 -8 To about 10 -3The deposition is carried out at vacuum levels within the range of Torr and at deposition rates ranging from about 0.01 Å / s to about 100 Å / s, depending on the materials included in the layer to be formed or provided and the structure of the layer to be formed or provided.

[0506] Terminology limitations

[0507] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 60 "Carbocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group consisting only of carbon atoms as cyclic atoms (e.g., composed of carbon atoms as cyclic atoms) and having 3 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein by the term "C1-C". 60 A "heterocyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including heteroatoms as cyclic atoms in addition to carbon atoms. (C3-C) 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 The heterocyclic group can be a monocyclic group comprising one ring (e.g., composed of one ring) or a polycyclic group in which two or more rings are fused together. In one or more embodiments, C1-C 60 The number of cyclic atoms in a heterocyclic group can range from 3 to 61.

[0508] As used herein, the term "cyclic group" may include C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and C1-C 60 Both heterocyclic groups.

[0509] As used in this article, “π-electron-rich C3-C” 60 "Cyclic group" refers to a cyclic group having 3 to 60 carbon atoms and excluding *-N=*' as a cyclic moiety, and as used herein, "a nitrogen-containing C1-C group lacking π electrons". 60 "Heterocyclic group" refers to a heterocyclic group having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and including *-N=*' as a cyclic moiety.

[0510] In one or more embodiments,

[0511] C3-C 60 The carbocyclic group can be i) group T1 or ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T1 are fused together (e.g., cyclopentadienyl, adamantyl, norbornel, phenyl, pentaenyl, naphthyl, azuleyl, indaryl, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, anthraceneyl, fluoranyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenantyl, peryl, penfenyl, heptaenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubidyl, keratyl, ovoleyl, indole, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzofluorenyl, indophenantyl, or indoanthrayl).

[0512] C1-C 60The heterocyclic group can be i) group T2, ii) a fused-ring group in which two or more groups T2 are fused together, or iii) a fused-ring group in which at least one group T2 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, indocarbazole, indolecarbazole, benzofuranocarbazole, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzothiophenecarbazole, benzoindocarbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthothiophene, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranyl... Brønsted dibenzothiophene, benzothiophene dibenzothiophene, pyrazolyl, imidazole, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzoisooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzyl (e.g., benzo[i]isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[i]quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzo[i]quinoxalinyl, phenanthrolinyl, cenolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthidyl, imidazo[i]pyridinyl, imidazo[i]pyrimidinyl, imidazo[i]triazinyl, imidazo[i]pyrazinyl, imidazo[i]pyridazinyl, azacarbazoyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl and / or azadibenzofuranyl, etc.)

[0513] C3-C rich in π electrons 60 The cyclic group may be i) group T1, ii) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T1 are fused together, iii) group T3, iv) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T3 are fused together, or v) a fused ring group in which at least one group T3 and at least one group T1 are fused together (e.g., C3-C). 60 Carbocyclic, 1H-pyrrole, thiorrole, borocyclopentadienyl, 2H-pyrrole, 3H-pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiorrole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiorrole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, indole-carbazole, indole-carbazole, benzofuran-carbazole, benzothiophene-carbazole, benzothiorrole-carbazole, benzoindole-carbazole, benzocarbazole, benzonaphthofuranyl, benzonaphthophene, benzonaphthorrole, benzofuran-dibenzofuranyl, benzofuran-dibenzothiophene and / or benzothiophene-dibenzothiophene, etc.

[0514] Nitrogen-containing C1-C lacking π electrons 60The heterocyclic group may be i) group T4, ii) a fused ring group in which two or more groups T4 are fused together, iii) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T1 are fused together, iv) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4 and at least one group T3 are fused together, or v) a fused ring group in which at least one group T4, at least one group T1 and at least one group T3 are fused together (e.g., pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, benzopyrazolyl, etc.). Benzimidazolyl, benzoxazolyl, benzoisoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzoquinolinyl, benzoisoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzoquinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzoquinazolinyl, phenanthrolinel, cenolinyl, phthalazinyl, naphthinyl, imidazopyridinyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, azacarbazolyl, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl, azadibenzothiopheneyl and / or azadibenzofuranyl, etc.

[0515] Group T1 can be cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cycloheptane, cyclooctane, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclopentadienyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclohexadienyl, cycloheptenyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (or bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane), norbornyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, or phenyl.

[0516] The group T2 can be furanyl, thiopheneyl, 1H-pyrrolyl, thiopheneyl, borocyclopentadienyl, 2H-pyrrolyl, 3H-pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, azathiazolyl, azaboracyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazinyl, triazinyl, tetraazinyl, pyrrolylalkyl, imidazolyl, dihydropyrrolyl, piperidinyl, tetrahydropyridinyl, dihydropyridinyl, hexahydropyrimidinyl, tetrahydropyrimidinyl, dihydropyrimidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydropyrazinyl, dihydropyrazinyl, tetrahydropyrazinyl, or dihydropyrazinyl.

[0517] Group T3 can be furanyl, thiophene, 1H-pyrrole, thiophene, or borocyclopentadienyl, and

[0518] The group T4 can be 2H-pyrrole, 3H-pyrrole, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, thiazolyl, azirthiolyl, aziboranecyclopentadienyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, or tetraazinyl.

[0519] As used in this article, the terms "cyclic group" and "C3-C" are similar to those used in other documents. 60 "Carbocyclic group", "C1-C" 60 Heterocyclic groups, π-electron-rich C3-C 60 "Cyclic groups" or "nitrogen-containing C1-C groups lacking π electrons" 60 "Heterocyclic group" can refer to a group fused with any cyclic group, monovalent group, or polyvalent group (e.g., divalent, trivalent, and / or tetravalent groups, etc.) according to the structure of the formula using the corresponding term. In one or more embodiments, "phenyl" can be benzo[a], phenyl, and / or phenylene, etc., which can be readily understood by those skilled in the art based on the structure of formulas including "phenyl".

[0520] Unit price C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and monovalent C1-C 60 Examples of heterocyclic groups may include C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 Heteroaryl groups, monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, and monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, and divalent C3-C 60 Carbocyclic groups and divalent C1-C 60 Examples of heterocyclic groups may include C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl, C3-C 10 Cycloalkylene, C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl, C6-C 60 aryl, C1-C 60 Hypoaryl, divalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups and divalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

[0521] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkyl" refers to a monovalent group of a straight-chain or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon having 1 to 60 carbon atoms, and examples may include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, isopentyl, sec-pentyl, 3-pentyl, sec-isopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, sec-hexyl, tert-hexyl, n-heptyl, isoheptyl, sec-heptyl, tert-heptyl, n-octyl, isooctyl, sec-octyl, tert-octyl, n-nonyl, isononyl, sec-nonyl, tert-nonyl, n-decyl, isodel, sec-decyl, and tert-decyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein... 60 "alkylene" refers to C1-C 60 Alkyl groups have the same structure as divalent groups.

[0522] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" refers to the group formed at C2-C. 60 The alkyl group has at least one carbon-carbon double bond at its middle or end, and examples may include vinyl, propenyl, and butenyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Alkenyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkenes are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0523] As used in this article, the term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" refers to the group at C2-C 60 The alkyl group has at least one monovalent hydrocarbon group with a carbon-carbon triple bond in the middle or at the end, and examples may include ethynyl and propynyl groups. As used herein, the term "C2-C" is used... 60 "Immyneyl" refers to C2-C 60 Alkynes are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0524] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" refers to the compound formed by -OA 101 (where A) 101 For C1-C 60 Alkyl groups are monovalent groups, and examples of them may include methoxy, ethoxy, and isopropoxy.

[0525] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkyl" refers to a monocyclic cyclic group consisting of 3 to 10 carbon atoms in a monovalent saturated hydrocarbon. For example, C3-C... 10 Examples of cycloalkyl groups may include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, adamantyl, norbornyl (bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl), bicyclo[1.1.1]pentyl, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexyl, and / or bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" may also be used. 10 "Cycloalkylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkyl groups have the same divalent structure.

[0526] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and further comprising at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to the carbon atoms, and examples may include 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, and tetrahydrothiopheneyl. The term "C1-C" as used herein is also used. 10 "Heterocyclic alkyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkyl groups have the same divalent structure.

[0527] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 10 "Cycloalkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring and being non-aromatic, and examples may include cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, and cycloheptenyl. As used herein, the term "C3-C" is also relevant. 10 "Biopylene" refers to C3-C 10 Cycloalkenyl groups are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0528] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to a monovalent cyclic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to the carbon atoms, and having at least one double bond in its ring. C1-C 10 Examples of heterocyclic alkenyl groups may include 4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxarizolyl, 2,3-dihydrofuranyl, and 2,3-dihydrothiopheneyl. As used herein, the term "C1-C..." 10 "Heterocyclic alkenyl" refers to C1-C 10 Heterocyclic alkenyl groups are divalent groups with the same structure.

[0529] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" refers to a monovalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms, and as used herein in the term "C6-C". 60 "Arylene" refers to a divalent group in a carbocyclic aromatic system with 6 to 60 carbon atoms. (C6-C) 60 Examples of aryl groups may include phenyl, pentanenyl, naphthyl, azulel, indaryl, acenaphthel, phenanthyl, phenanthryl, anthracene, fluoranthyl, triphenylene, pyrene, 1,2-benzophenanthryl, perylene, pentanenyl, heptanenyl, tetraphenyl, framyl, hexaphenyl, pentaphenyl, rubiginyl, myristyl, and ovoleyl. If (for example, when) C6-C 60 Aryl and C6-C 60 When each of the aryl groups comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can fused together.

[0530] As used in this article, the term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroaryl" refers to a monovalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system having 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms. The term "C1-C" is used herein. 60 "Hypo-heteroaryl" refers to a divalent group having a heterocyclic aromatic system with 1 to 60 carbon atoms and further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms. C1-C 60Examples of heteroaryl groups may include pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, quinolinyl, benzo[a]quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, benzo[a]isoquinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, benzo[a]quinoxalinyl, quinazolinyl, benzo[a]quinazolinyl, cyclolinyl, phenanthrolinel, phthalazinyl, and naphthidyl. If (for example, when) C1-C 60 heteroaryl and C1-C 60 When each heteroaryl group comprises two or more rings, the two or more rings can fused together.

[0531] As used herein, the term "monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a monovalent group having two or more rings fused together, with only carbon atoms (e.g., 8 to 60 carbon atoms) as cyclic atoms, and which, if considered as a whole, has no aromaticity in its molecular structure. Examples of monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic groups may include indenyl, fluorenyl, spirodifluorenyl, benzo[a]fluorenyl, indeno[a]phenanthryl, and indeno[a]anthrayl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused polycyclic group.

[0532] As used herein, the term “monovalent nonaromatic fused heterocyclic group” refers to a group having two or more rings fused together, further including at least one heteroatom as a cyclic atom in addition to carbon atoms (e.g., 1 to 60 carbon atoms), and having no aromatic monovalent group in its molecular structure if (e.g., when) considered as a whole. Examples of monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups may include pyrrole, thiophene, furanyl, indole, benzoindole, naphthoindole, isoindole, benzoisoindole, naphthoisoindole, benzothiophene, benzofuranyl, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranyl, azacarbazole, azafluorenyl, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzothiophene, azadibenzofuranyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl Benzopyrazolyl, benzoimidazolyl, benzooxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzooxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, imidazopyridyl, imidazopyrimidinyl, imidazotriazinyl, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopyridazinyl, indolecarbazolyl, indolocarbazolyl, benzofuranocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzothiophenocarbazolyl, benzoindolocarbazolyl, benzocarbazolyl, benzonaphthiophenyl, benzonaphthiophenyl, benzofuranodibenzofuranyl, benzofuranodibenzothiophenyl, and benzothiophenodibenzothiophenyl. As used herein, the term "divalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group" refers to a divalent group having the same structure as a monovalent nonaromatic fused heteropolycyclic group.

[0533] As used in this article, the term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy group" refers to -OA 102 (where A) 102 For C6-C 60 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" refers to -SA 103 (where A) 103 For C6-C 60 Aryl).

[0534] As used in this article, the term "C7-C" 60 "Aryl group" refers to -A 104 A 105 (where A) 104 For C1-C 54 Alkylene, and A 105 For C6-C 59 Aryl), and as used herein by the term "C2-C 60 "Heteroarylene" refers to -A 106 A 107 (where A) 106 For C1-C 59 Alkylene, and A 107 For C1-C 59 (Miscellaneous aromatic compounds).

[0535] As used in this article, the term "R" 10a "Can be:

[0536] Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro;

[0537] Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q)11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof;

[0538] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 Heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or

[0539] -Si(Q 31 (Q) 32 (Q) 33 -N(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -B(Q) 31 (Q) 32 -C(=O)(Q) 31 -S(=O)2(Q) 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 (Q) 32 ).

[0540] Q1, Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21To Q 23 and Q 31 To Q 33 Each can be independently represented as: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or

[0541] Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

[0542] As used herein, the term "heteroatom" refers to an atom other than carbon and hydrogen atoms. Examples of heteroatoms may include O, S, N, P, Si, B, Ge, Se, or any combination thereof.

[0543] As used herein, the term "transition metals" includes hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), tungsten (W), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), and / or gold (Au), etc.

[0544] As used herein, the term "Ph" refers to phenyl, "Me" refers to methyl, "Et" refers to ethyl, and "tert-Bu" or "Bu" refers to ethyl. t "Refers to tert-butyl, and as used herein, the term "OMe" refers to methyl methacrylate (MMA).

[0545] As used herein, the term "biphenyl" refers to a phenyl group that has been substituted with a phenyl group. For example, "biphenyl" can be a phenyl group having a C6-C2 configuration. 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0546] As used herein, the term "terphenyl" refers to a "phenyl group substituted with a biphenyl group." "Terphenyl" is a phenyl group having a C6-C substituted structure. 60 Aryl-substituted C6-C 60 Aryl groups are substituted phenyl groups.

[0547] The number of carbon atoms defined in the substituent is given as an example. For example, in C1-C 60 In alkyl groups, 60 carbon atoms can be used as an example, and the limitation of alkyl groups can be applied substantially equally to C1-C.20 Alkyl groups. Other cases are essentially the same.

[0548] As used in this article, the term "C3-C" 60 "Carbocyclic group" includes C3-C 50 carbonyl group, C3-C 40 carbonyl group, C3-C 30 carbonyl group, C3-C 20 carbonyl group or C3-C 10 carbon cyclo group;

[0549] The term "C1-C" 60 "Heterocyclic groups" include C1-C 50 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 40 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 30 Heterocyclic groups, C1-C 20 Heterocyclic groups or C1-C 10 Heterocyclic groups;

[0550] The term "C1-C" 60 "alkyl" includes C1-C 50 Alkyl, C1-C 40 Alkyl, C1-C 30 Alkyl, C1-C 20 Alkyl or C1-C 10 alkyl;

[0551] The term "C2-C" 60 "Alkenyl" includes C2-C 30 alkenyl, C2-C 20 alkenyl or C2-C 10 alkenyl;

[0552] The term "C2-C" 60 "Alkyne group" includes C2-C 30 alkynyl group, C2-C 20 alkynyl or C2-C 10 alkynyl group;

[0553] The term "C1-C" 60 "Alkoxy" includes C1-C 30 Alkoxy, C1-C 20 Alkoxy or C1-C 10 Alkoxy;

[0554] The term "C6-C" 60 "Aryl" includes C6-C 50 Aryl, C6-C 40 Aryl, C6-C 30 Aryl, C6-C 20 Aryl or C6-C 15 Aryl;

[0555] The term "C1-C" 60 "Heteroary aryl" includes C1-C 50 heteroaryl, C1-C 40 heteroaryl, C1-C 30 heteroaryl, C1-C 20 heteroaryl or C1-C 10 Mixed aromatics;

[0556] "Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups" include C8-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 50 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 40 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups, C8-C 30 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups or C8-C 20 Monovalent non-aromatic fused polycyclic groups;

[0557] The term "monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic group" includes C1-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 50 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 40 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups, C1-C 30 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups or C1-C 20 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups;

[0558] The term "C6-C" 60 "Aryloxy groups" include C6-C 50 Aryloxy group, C6-C 40 Aryloxy group, C6-C 30 Aryloxy group, C6-C 20 aryloxy or C6-C 15 aryloxy;

[0559] The term "C6-C" 60 "Arylthio" includes C6-C 50 Arylthio, C6-C 40 Arylthio, C6-C 30 Arylthio, C6-C 20 Aryl thiols or C6-C 15 Arylthio;

[0560] The term "C7-C" 60 "Aryl" includes C7-C 50 Aryl group, C7-C 40 Aryl group, C7-C 30 Aryl group, C7-C 20 Aryl or C7-C 15 Aryl alkyl groups; and

[0561] The term "C2-C" 60 "Heteroarylene" includes C2-C 50 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 40 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 30 Heteroalkyl, C2-C 20 Heteroaryl or C2-C 15 Heteroalkyl groups.

[0562] Unless otherwise specified, as used herein, * and *' refer to the binding site with the adjacent atom in the corresponding formula.

[0563] In this specification, "integers selected from 0 to 10" refers to integers selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. The above description of numerical ranges also applies to any other numerical ranges appearing in this specification, such as integers selected from 0 and 1, integers selected from 0 to 2, integers selected from 0 to 3, integers selected from 0 to 4, integers selected from 0 to 5, integers selected from 0 to 6, integers selected from 0 to 7, integers selected from 0 to 8, integers selected from 0 to 9, and integers selected from 0 to 10, etc.

[0564] The compounds and light-emitting devices according to one or more embodiments will be described in more detail below with reference to the following examples.

[0565] Example

[0566] Compound Synthesis

[0567] Compound 2

[0568]

[0569] Synthesis of intermediate 2-1

[0570] 7-Bromopyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine (1 eq.), 2-bromo-9-carbazole (1.1 eq.), copper iodide (I) (0.25 eq.), 1-methyl-1H-imidazolium (0.9 eq.), and lithium tert-butoxide (1.5 eq.) were added to 50 mL of anhydrous toluene, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 12 hours in an inert atmosphere. The reaction product was washed with ethyl acetate, H₂O, and NH₄OH, and the organic layer was obtained by extraction with CH₂Cl₂. The filtrate was purified through a silica filter, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to obtain 11.21 g of intermediate 2-1 (yield: 63%).

[0571] Synthesis of intermediate 2-2

[0572] Intermediate 2-1 (1 eq.), pyridinecarboxylic acid (0.5 eq.), copper iodide (I) (0.2 eq.), and tripotassium phosphate (2 eq.) were added to 40 mL of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the reaction vessel was filled with an inert gas. Then, 3-chlorophenol (1.1 eq.) was added, and the mixture was heated under reflux at 150°C for 18 hours. After the reaction was complete, the reaction product was cooled, and H₂O was added to produce a precipitate. The precipitate was filtered and dissolved in CH₂Cl₂, washed with brine, and the organic layer obtained by extraction was dried with MgSO₄. The resulting product was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography using CH₂Cl₂ and n-hexane in a volume ratio of 2:1 to obtain 11.27 g of intermediate 2-2 as a white solid (yield: 87%).

[0573] Synthesis of intermediates 2-3

[0574] Intermediate 2-2 (1 eq.), N1-([1,1':3',1"-terphenyl]-2′-yl)phenyl-1,2-diamine hydrochloride (1 eq.), [PdCl(C3H5)]2 (0.03 eq.), di-tert-butyl(1-methyl-2,2-diphenylcyclopropyl)phosphine (0.12 eq.), and sodium tert-butoxide (3.5 eq.) were added to 30 mL of anhydrous toluene, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 18 hours in an inert atmosphere. After solvent removal under reduced pressure, the resulting product was purified by column chromatography using CH2Cl2 and n-hexane in a volume ratio of 4:1 to obtain 9.34 g of intermediate 3-3 as a white solid (yield: 61%).

[0575] Synthesis of intermediates 2-4

[0576] Intermediate 2-3 (1 eq.) was added to 25 mL of triethoxymethane ((EtO)3CH) and dissolved therein, and HCl (1.2 eq.) was added to it. The mixture was then reacted at 80°C for 12 hours. The solvent was removed from the product under reduced pressure to obtain 7.23 g of intermediate 2-4 (yield: 75%).

[0577] Synthesis of Compound 2

[0578] Intermediate 2-4 (1 eq.) and silver oxide (I,III) (Ag4O4 or AgO) (0.5 eq.) were added to 20 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane and dissolved therein. The mixture was then reacted at room temperature for 12 hours. After removing the solvent under reduced pressure, 10 mL of 1,2-chlorobenzene and Pt(COD)Cl2 (1 eq.) were added to the reaction solution, and the mixture was then heated and refluxed for 48 hours. After the reaction was completed, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the resulting product was purified by column chromatography using CH2Cl2 and hexane in a volume ratio of 2:1 to finally obtain 5.35 g of compound 2 (yield: 63%).

[0579] Synthesis of Compound 4

[0580] Compound 4 (3.52 g, yield: 57%) was synthesized in essentially the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 2, except that 3-bromopyrido[3,4-b]quinoxaline was used instead of 7-bromopyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine in the synthesis of intermediate 2-1.

[0581] Synthesis of Compound 6

[0582] Compound 6 (2.82 g, yield: 39%) was synthesized in essentially the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 2, except that 12-bromodibenzo[f,h]pyrido[3,4-b]quinoxaline was used instead of 7-bromopyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine in the synthesis of intermediate 2-1.

[0583] Synthesis of Compound 8

[0584] Compound 8 (2.31 g, yield: 32%) was synthesized in essentially the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 2, except that 7-bromo-2,3-diphenylpyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine was used instead of 7-bromopyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine in the synthesis of intermediate 2-1.

[0585] Synthesis of Compound 14

[0586] Compound 14 (5.08 g, yield: 81%) was synthesized in essentially the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 2, except that 7-bromo-2,3-dimethylpyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine was used instead of 7-bromopyridino[3,4-b]pyrazine in the synthesis of intermediate 2-1.

[0587] Synthesis of Compound 20

[0588] Compound 20 (5.08 g, yield: 85%) was synthesized in essentially the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 2, except that 12-bromo-3,6-dimethyldibenzo[f,h]pyrido[3,4-b]quinoxaline was used instead of 7-bromopyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine in the synthesis of intermediate 2-1.

[0589] Characterization of compounds 2, 4, 6, 8, 14 and 20

[0590] The compound synthesized according to the synthesis example 1 ¹H NMR and MS / FAB are shown in Table 1. By referring to the synthetic routes and starting materials, those skilled in the art can easily identify synthetic methods for other compounds besides those synthesized in the synthetic examples.

[0591] Table 1

[0592]

[0593] Manufacturing of light-emitting devices

[0594] Example 1

[0595] As the anode, a glass substrate (a Corning product) on which an ITO electrode with a thickness of 15 Ω / □ (1,200 Å) is formed or provided is cut to a size of 50 mm × 50 mm × 0.7 mm, ultrasonically treated with isopropanol and pure water for 5 minutes each, cleaned by irradiating it with ultraviolet light and exposing it to ozone for 30 minutes, and then mounted on a vacuum deposition apparatus.

[0596] Compound HT3 was vacuum deposited on the anode to form or provide a hole transport layer with a thickness of 600 Å, and compound HT40 was vacuum deposited on the hole transport layer to form or provide an emission assist layer with a thickness of 250 Å.

[0597] On the emission-assisted layer, compounds H125, H126 and 2 are vacuum deposited in a weight ratio of 45:45:10 to form or provide an emission layer with a thickness of 300 Å.

[0598] Compound ET37 was vacuum-deposited on the emitter layer to form or provide a buffer layer with a thickness of 50 Å, and compounds ET46 and Liq were vacuum-deposited on the buffer layer in a 5:5 weight ratio to form or provide an electron transport layer with a thickness of 310 Å. Subsequently, Yb was vacuum-deposited on the electron transport layer to form or provide an electron injection layer with a thickness of 15 Å, and Ag and Mg were vacuum-deposited on the electron injection layer in a 5:5 weight ratio to form or provide a cathode with a thickness of 1,000 Å, thereby completing the fabrication of the light-emitting device.

[0599]

[0600]

[0601]

[0602] Examples 2 to 6

[0603] The light-emitting device was manufactured in essentially the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound shown in Table 2 was used instead of compound 2 as the dopant material in the emission layer.

[0604] Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0605] The light-emitting device was manufactured in essentially the same manner as in Example 1, except that the compound shown in Table 2 was used instead of compound 2 as the dopant material in the emission layer.

[0606]

[0607] To evaluate the characteristics of the light-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, measurements were taken at 1,000 cd / m². 2 The driving voltage, current efficiency, maximum emission wavelength, and lifetime at the specified brightness were determined, and the results are shown in Table 2. The driving voltage of the light-emitting device was measured using a source meter (Keithley Instrument, 2400 series), and the current efficiency was measured using a CS-2000 luminance meter (Konica Minolta). Furthermore, to evaluate the lifetime of the light-emitting device, the time taken for the brightness of the light-emitting device in Comparative Example 1 to reach 90% of its initial brightness was calculated by comparing it with the time measured in each of Examples 1 to 4, and Comparative Examples 2 and 3, and this value was used as the relative lifetime (LT). 90 ,%)

[0608] Table 2

[0609]

[0610] Referring to Table 2, it can be confirmed that compared with the light-emitting devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the light-emitting devices of Examples 1 to 6 have high current efficiency, low driving voltage and long lifespan.

[0611] According to one or more embodiments, the light-emitting device may have excellent or appropriate efficiency (e.g., current efficiency and / or luminous efficiency).

[0612] It should be understood that the embodiments described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for limiting purposes. The description of features or aspects in each embodiment should be regarded as other similar features or aspects that may be used in other embodiments. Although the subject matter of this disclosure has been described with reference to the figures, those skilled in the art will understand that one or more suitable changes in form and further detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light-emitting device, comprising: First electrode; A second electrode opposite to the first electrode; as well as A sandwich layer including an emission layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The emission layer comprises a compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 ML 401 L 402 , Equation 1-1 ,and Formula 1-2 ， Among them, in Equation 1, Equation 1-1 and Equation 1-2, M is a transition metal. L 401 and L 402 Each is independently represented by Equation 1-1 or Equation 1-2, where the values ​​selected from L are... 401 and L 402 At least one of them is represented by Equation 1-2, X 401 and X 402 Each can be either nitrogen or carbon. Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each independently constitutes C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, Ring A 403 It is pyridopyrazine or its derivative. T 401 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or =C=, X 403 and X 404 Each is independently a single bond, -O-, -S-, -N(Q) 413 )-、-B(Q 413 )-、-P(Q 413 )-、-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-or-Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-, R 401 To R 405 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), xc11 and xc12 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 10. xc13 and xc14 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. xc15 is an integer selected from 0 to 3. In Equations 1-1 and 1-2, * and *' respectively indicate the binding site with M in Equation 1. Formulas 1-1 and 1-2 are optionally linked by a connecting group T. 402 They are connected to each other, where T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 10a for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -If(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and also Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 401 To Q 403 and Q 411 To Q 414 Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

2. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein: The first electrode is the anode. The second electrode is a cathode. The interlayer further includes an electron transport region provided between the second electrode and the emitter layer, comprising a buffer layer, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron injection layer, or any combination thereof, and / or The interlayer further includes a hole transport region provided between the first electrode and the emitter layer and comprising a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emitter assist layer, an electron blocking layer, or any combination thereof.

3. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein: The emitter layer comprises a host and a dopant, and The dopant includes the compound represented by Formula 1.

4. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein: Ring A in Equation 1-2 403 Expressed by Equation 2-1, Equation 2-2, or Equation 2-3: ， One of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-1 is combined with M in Equation 1; one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-2 is combined with M in Equation 1; or one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-3 is combined with M in Equation 1.

5. The light-emitting device according to claim 1, wherein: The compound represented by Formula 1 includes one selected from compound 1 to compound 100: 。 6. An electronic device, comprising: According to any one of claims 1 to 5, the light-emitting device, display module, processor, memory, and power module, wherein: The electronic device is selected from smartphones, tablet computers, laptop computers, TVs, desktop monitors, smart glasses, head-mounted displays, smartwatches, vehicle dashboards, center consoles, central information displays on vehicle dashboards, and in-vehicle mirror displays.

7. A compound represented by Formula 1: Formula 1 ML 401 L 402 , Equation 1-1 ,and Formula 1-2 ， in, In Equations 1, 1-1, and 1-2, M is a transition metal. L 401 and L 402 Each is independently represented by Equation 1-1 or Equation 1-2, where the values ​​selected from L are... 401 and L 402 At least one of them is represented by Equation 1-2, X 401 and X 402 Each can be either nitrogen or carbon. Ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each independently constitutes C3-C 60 Carbocyclic or C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, Ring A 403 It is pyridopyrazine or its derivative. T 401 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or =C=, X 403 and X 404 Each is independently a single bond, -O-, -S-, -N(Q) 413 )-、-B(Q 413 )-、-P(Q 413 )-、-C(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-or-Si(Q 413 (Q) 414 )-, R 401 To R 405 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), xc11 and xc12 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 10. xc13 and xc14 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. xc15 is an integer selected from 0 to 3. In Equations 1-1 and 1-2, * and *' respectively indicate the binding site with M in Equation 1. Formulas 1-1 and 1-2 are optionally linked by a connecting group T. 402 They are connected to each other, where T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 10a for: Deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano or nitro; Each of the following C1-C that is not substituted or is substituted: 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 Alkyne group or C1-C 60 Alkoxy groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 11 (Q) 12 (Q) 13 -N(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -B(Q) 11 (Q) 12 -C(=O)(Q) 11 -S(=O)2(Q) 11 -P(=O)(Q) 11 (Q) 12 ) or any combination thereof; Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C2-C 60 alkenyl, C2-C 60 alkynyl group, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, C3-C 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C6-C 60 Aryloxy group, C6-C 60 Arylthio, C7-C 60 Aryl alkyl, C2-C 60 heteroaryl, -Si(Q) 21 (Q) 22 (Q) 23 -N(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -B(Q) 21 (Q) 22 -C(=O)(Q) 21 -S(=O)2(Q) 21 -P(=O)(Q) 21 (Q) 22 ) or any combination thereof; or -If(Q 31 )(Q 32 )(Q 33 )、-N(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-B(Q 31 )(Q 32 )、-C(=O)(Q 31 )、-S(=O)2(Q 31 ) or -P(=O)(Q 31 )(Q 32 ), and also Q 11 To Q 13 Q 21 To Q 23 Q 31 To Q 33 Q 401 To Q 403 and Q 411 To Q 414 Each of the following is independently: hydrogen; deuterium; -F; -Cl; -Br; -I; hydroxyl; cyano; nitro; C1-C 60 Alkyl; C2-C 60 Alkenyl; C2-C 60 Alkyne group; C1-C 60 alkoxy; or Each of the following C3-Cs that are not substituted or are substituted by: 60 carbonyl group, C1-C 60 Heterocyclic group, C7-C 60 Aryl or C2-C 60 Heteroalkyl groups: deuterium, -F, cyano, C1-C 60 Alkyl, C1-C 60 Alkoxy, phenyl, biphenyl, or any combination thereof.

8. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Ring A in Equation 1-2 403 Expressed by Equation 2-1, Equation 2-2, or Equation 2-3: ， One of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-1 is combined with M in Equation 1; one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-2 is combined with M in Equation 1; or one of the three Ns selected from Equation 2-3 is combined with M in Equation 1.

9. The compound according to claim 7, wherein ring A 401 And Ring A 402 Each independently is C6-C 60 Aryl, C1-C 60 heteroaryl or C1-C 60 Monovalent non-aromatic fused heterocyclic groups.

10. The compound according to claim 7, wherein M is iridium, platinum, palladium, osmium, titanium, gold, hafnium, europium, terbium, rhodium, rhenium, or thulium.

11. The compound according to claim 7, wherein ring A in formula 1-1 402 It is a phenyl group.

12. The compound according to claim 7, wherein ring A in formula 1-1 401 It is a benzimidazole group.

13. The compound according to claim 7, wherein formulas 1-1 and 1-2 are bonded via single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)-, or -O-. 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 )-、-C(Q 411 )=C(Q 412 )-、-C(Q 411 = or = C = connected to each other.

14. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-1: Equation 3-1 ， In Equation 3-1, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12 and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21, a22, and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

15. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-2: Equation 3-2 ， In Equation 3-2, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12 and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21, a22, and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

16. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-3: Equation 3-3 ， In Equation 3-3, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12, a22, and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21 and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

17. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-4: Equation 3-4 ， In Equation 3-4, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12, a22, and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21 and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

18. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-5: Formula 3-5 ， In Equation 3-5, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12, a22, a23, and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21 and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

19. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: Equation 1 is expressed by Equation 3-6: Formula 3-6 ， In Equation 3-6, M is a transition metal. T 402 For single bonds, -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -N(Q)- 411 )-、-C(Q 411 (Q) 412 - or -C(Q) 411 )=C(Q 412 )-, R 1-1 R 1-2 R 2-1 R 2-2 R 2-3 R 3-1 R 3-2 and R 4-1 Each of the following groups is independently hydrogen, deuterium, -F, -Cl, -Br, -I, hydroxyl, cyano, nitro, unsubstituted, or substituted with at least one R. 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 20 Alkyl, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C3-C 60 Carbocyclic, unsubstituted, or with at least one R 10a Replacement C1-C 60 Heterocyclic groups, -Si(Q) 401 (Q) 402 (Q) 403 -N(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -B(Q) 401 (Q) 402 -C(=O)(Q) 401 -S(=O)2(Q) 401 ) or -P(=O)(Q 401 (Q) 402 ), a12, a22, a23, and a32 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 4. a21 and a31 are each independent integers selected from 0 to 2. a41 is an integer selected from 0 to 3, and R 10a The same as that defined in Equation 1, and Q 401 To Q 403 Q 411 and Q 412 Same as that defined in Equation 1.

20. The compound according to claim 7, wherein: The compound represented by Formula 1 includes one selected from compound 1 to compound 100: 。

Images