In-situ dispersion preparation process of easy-to-dye polyester based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes

Abstract

The application provides a dispersion dyeing polyester in-situ dispersion preparation process based on structure phase regulation, comprising the following steps: S1, obtaining dispersion dyeing polyester raw materials according to a proportion, and treating the raw materials; S2, adding purified terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and a catalyst into a polyester kettle to perform esterification reaction; S3, continuously adding polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, a yellow inhibitor, a stabilizer and an anti-flooding agent into the polyester kettle to perform esterification reaction with the reaction product in S2; S4, transferring the reaction product in the polyester kettle or directly performing final polyester reaction in the polyester kettle. The cooperation of the stirring shaft, the stirring blade and the vertical plate can fully stir and mix the raw materials in the polyester kettle, and the cooperation of the heating layer and the heating jacket, which are provided with the elliptical pipe and the communication pipe, can simultaneously heat the raw materials from the inside and the outside, so that the raw material heating efficiency and the stirring efficiency are improved, and the preparation efficiency of the dispersion dyeing polyester is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of disperse dyes for easily dyeable polyesters, specifically to an in-situ dispersion preparation process for disperse dyes for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Conventional polyester uses disperse dyes for coloring, requiring a dyeing temperature of 130℃ and high pressure to force the disperse dyes into the gaps between polymer molecules, thus consuming a significant amount of energy. Consumer demand for new textiles based on differentiated and functional fibers is constantly growing, indicating a huge market potential for such products, which are continuously evolving towards high-simulation, ultra-simulation, multi-functional composites, and intelligent processing. Currently, several new differentiated and functional fiber varieties have been successfully developed, including: cationic dyeable polyester, hydrophilic polyester, UV-resistant polyester, antistatic polyester, odor-resistant and antibacterial polyester, and conductive polyester.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN117757046U discloses a disperse dye-easily dyeable functional polyester and its preparation method. The raw materials include purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, and also include polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, a catalyst, a yellowing inhibitor, a stabilizer, and an anti-flooding agent. The polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, catalyst, yellowing inhibitor, stabilizer, and anti-flooding agent react chemically with purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol to generate the disperse dye-easily dyeable functional polyester. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) in PET mainly functions as a block copolymer. By synthesizing with PET and regulating the PET structural phase, it can improve the antistatic and hygroscopic properties of polymer fibers. However, the preparation of disperse dye-easily dyeable functional polyester requires esterification and polycondensation reactions in a reactor. Existing reactors typically have vertical stirring mechanisms, resulting in low stirring efficiency. Furthermore, they usually employ jacketed heating to heat the raw materials from the outside, leading to low heating efficiency and failing to improve the preparation efficiency of disperse dye-easily dyeable functional polyester.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable disperse dye polyesters based on structural phase regulation, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art. The present invention can fully stir and mix the raw materials inside the polyester tank through the cooperation of a stirring shaft, stirring blades, and vertical plates. Furthermore, through the coordinated cooperation of heating layers such as elliptical tubes and connecting tubes with the heating jacket, the raw materials can be heated from both the inside and outside sides simultaneously, which can improve the heating efficiency and stirring efficiency of the raw materials, and facilitate the improvement of the preparation efficiency of easily dyeable disperse dye polyesters.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a technical solution as follows: an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation, comprising the following steps. S1: Obtain easily dyeable polyester raw materials for disperse dyes according to the formula, and process the raw materials; S2: Add purified terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and catalyst to the polyester reactor to carry out the esterification reaction; S3: Continue to add polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, yellowing inhibitor, stabilizer, and anti-flooding agent to the polyester reactor and carry out an esterification reaction with the reaction product in S2; S4: Transfer the reaction products in the polyester reactor or carry out the final polyester reaction directly in the polyester reactor.

[0007] S5: Discharge the polyester and cut it into pellets underwater to produce the finished product.

[0008] Furthermore, the system also includes a preparation apparatus comprising a polyester tank, a heating jacket, a transmission mechanism, a heating mechanism, and a grinding mechanism. The heating jacket is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bottom end of the polyester tank. The transmission mechanism includes a fixed cover, a speed regulating mechanism, and a stirring shaft. The fixed cover is fixedly installed at the center of the top end of the polyester tank. The stirring shaft is rotatably mounted at the center of the interior of the polyester tank and the fixed cover. A dispersing fan is obliquely rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the polyester tank. The grinding mechanism is disposed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank on one side corresponding to the stirring shaft. The speed regulating mechanism includes a mounting plate, a speed-changing cone, a rotating shaft, and rollers. The mounting plate is obliquely fixedly mounted on one side of the inside of the fixed cover. The rotating shaft is obliquely rotatably mounted at one end of the mounting plate and inside the polyester tank. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the dispersing fan. The heating mechanism includes a heating layer and a vertical plate. The heating layer includes an elliptical tube and a connecting tube. The connecting tube is symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the elliptical tube. The vertical plate is slidably mounted between the two ends of the elliptical tube through an arc-shaped groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a first fixed pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the heating jacket, a second fixed pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heating jacket, and a discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the polyester tank. Solenoid valves are fixedly installed at the outer ends of the first fixed pipe, the second fixed pipe, and the discharge pipe. A pressure gauge is fixedly installed above the first fixed pipe corresponding to the inside of the polyester tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the connecting pipe is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the polyester tank, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the heating jacket, the stirring shaft is rotatably installed at the center of the elliptical tube, and a temperature transmitter is fixedly installed on the other side of the polyester tank at the position corresponding to the connecting pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically opened inside the top and bottom ends on the same side of the vertical plate, the elliptical tube is slidably installed inside the arc-shaped grooves, and stirring blades are fixedly provided on both sides of the lower end of the stirring shaft, with the stirring blades in close contact with one side of the vertical plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a servo motor and a drive motor are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate, and an adjusting screw is rotatably mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor corresponding to the mounting plate and the polyester tank. The top end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is square in shape, and an adjusting plate is screwed onto the outer side of the adjusting screw. One end of the adjusting plate is movably mounted on the outer side of the rotating shaft via a bearing. The roller limits the sliding of the rotating shaft on the outer side, and the roller is rotatably mounted inside one end of the adjusting plate. The roller is in close contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone.

[0014] Furthermore, the variable speed cone is fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the stirring shaft, corresponding to the inside of the fixing cover. The top of the polyester tank is fixedly connected to a liquid raw material addition pipe on one side of the fixing cover. The bottom end of the liquid raw material addition pipe is located diagonally above the dispersing fan.

[0015] Furthermore, the grinding mechanism includes a rotating rod, a turntable, a grinding seat, and a grinding column. The rotating rod is rotatably mounted inside the top of the polyester tank corresponding to the fixed cover. The turntable is fixedly mounted inside the top of the rotating rod corresponding to the fixed cover. The turntable is in close contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone.

[0016] Furthermore, the grinding seat is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank, the grinding column is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the rotating rod corresponding to the inside of the grinding seat, a guide frame is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the grinding seat, a T-shaped solid raw material adding tube is fixedly connected to the top of the polyester tank corresponding to the top of the guide frame, and a filter screen is fixedly installed at the bottom of the grinding seat corresponding to the bottom of the grinding column.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation, comprising a polyester tank, a heating jacket, a discharge pipe, a solid raw material addition pipe, a liquid raw material addition pipe, a transmission mechanism, a first fixed pipe, a second fixed pipe, a pressure gauge, a temperature transmitter, a stirring shaft, stirring blades, a heating layer, a vertical plate, a grinding mechanism, a fixed cover, a rotating rod, a dispersing fan, a variable speed cone, a mounting plate, a servo motor, a drive motor, an adjusting screw, an adjusting plate, a rotating shaft, rollers, a grinding seat, a guide frame, a grinding column, a filter screen, a turntable, an elliptical tube, a connecting pipe, and an arc-shaped groove.

[0018] 1. This in-situ dispersion preparation process of disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation can synthesize with PET by adding polyethylene glycol, thereby regulating the structural phase of disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester, improving the performance of disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester, promoting the diffusion and penetration of disperse dye molecules in PET fibers, reducing the energy requirements for the diffusion and penetration of dye molecules, that is, reducing the dyeing temperature of disperse dye on polyester, making PET easier to dye.

[0019] 2. This in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable disperse dye polyesters based on structural phase regulation utilizes a servo motor and adjusting screw to raise and lower the adjusting plate. This allows the adjusting plate to drive the rollers to contact surfaces of different diameters of the variable-speed cone, facilitating the adjustment of the rotation speed of the variable-speed cone and the stirring shaft. This allows for stirring of the raw materials at different speeds via the stirring shaft, stirring blades, and vertical plate. Furthermore, the elliptical tube can limit the vertical plate through an arc groove, enabling the vertical plate to rotate and move along the elliptical tube, thereby improving the stirring efficiency of the raw materials and facilitating the preparation of easily dyeable disperse dye polyesters. The variable-speed cone, turntable, and rotating rod can drive the grinding column to rotate inside the grinding seat, facilitating the grinding of solid raw materials. Simultaneously, the drive motor and rotating shaft can drive the dispersing fan to rotate, dispersing the added liquid raw materials for rapid subsequent dispersion and in-situ dispersion, thus improving the dispersion efficiency of the raw materials.

[0020] 3. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation can introduce circulating heating oil in the heating jacket into the heating layer through the set elliptical tube and connecting tube, which facilitates the layered heating of raw materials in the polyester tank. Furthermore, through the synergistic cooperation between the heating layer and the heating jacket, it is convenient to heat the raw materials from both the inside and outside sides at the same time, which can improve the heating efficiency of the raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the preparation apparatus for an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the preparation apparatus for an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to the present invention. Figure 4 This invention relates to an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes. Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This invention relates to an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes. Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a part of the preparation device for an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the heating layer in an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a vertical plate structure diagram of an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the speed control mechanism for an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of a grinding mechanism for an in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes according to the present invention. In the diagram: 1. Polyester tank; 2. Heating jacket; 3. Discharge pipe; 4. Solid raw material addition pipe; 5. Liquid raw material addition pipe; 6. Transmission mechanism; 7. First fixed pipe; 8. Second fixed pipe; 9. Pressure gauge; 10. Temperature transmitter; 11. Stirring shaft; 12. Stirring blade; 13. Heating layer; 14. Vertical plate; 15. Grinding mechanism; 16. Fixed cover; 17. Rotating rod; 18. Dispersing fan; 19. Variable speed cone; 20. Mounting plate; 21. Servo motor; 22. Drive motor; 23. Adjusting screw; 24. Adjusting plate; 25. Rotating shaft; 26. Roller; 27. Grinding seat; 28. Guide rack; 29. ​​Grinding column; 30. Filter screen; 31. Turntable; 32. Elliptical tube; 33. Connecting pipe; 34. Arc groove. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1 to 10 This invention provides a technical solution: an in-situ dispersion preparation process for easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain easily dyeable polyester raw materials for disperse dyes according to the formula, and process the raw materials; S2: Add purified terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and catalyst to the polyester reactor to carry out the esterification reaction; S3: Continue to add polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, yellowing inhibitor, stabilizer, and anti-flooding agent to the polyester reactor and carry out an esterification reaction with the reaction product in S2; S4: Transfer the reaction products in the polyester reactor or carry out the final polyester reaction directly in the polyester reactor.

[0024] S5: Discharge the polyester and cut it into pellets underwater to produce the finished product.

[0025] This embodiment also includes a preparation device, which comprises a polyester tank 1, a heating jacket 2, a transmission mechanism 6, a heating mechanism, and a grinding mechanism 15. The heating jacket 2 is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bottom end of the polyester tank 1. The transmission mechanism 6 includes a fixing cover 16, a speed regulating mechanism, and a stirring shaft 11. The fixing cover 16 is fixedly installed at the center position of the top end of the polyester tank 1. The stirring shaft 11 is rotatably mounted at the center position inside the polyester tank 1 and the fixing cover 16. A dispersing fan 18 is obliquely and rotatably mounted on the inner top wall of the polyester tank 1. The grinding mechanism 15 is disposed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank 1 on one side corresponding to the stirring shaft 11. The speed regulating mechanism includes a mounting plate 20, a speed-changing cone 19, a rotating shaft 25, and a roller 26. The mounting plate 20 is obliquely and fixedly mounted on... Inside the fixed cover 16, the rotating shaft 25 is tilted and rotatably mounted at one end of the mounting plate 20 and inside the polyester tank 1. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the dispersing fan 18. The heating mechanism includes a heating layer 13 and a vertical plate 14. The heating layer 13 includes an elliptical tube 32 and a connecting tube 33. The connecting tube 33 is symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the elliptical tube 32. The vertical plate 14 is slidably mounted between the two ends of the elliptical tube 32 through an arc groove 34. Through the cooperation of the heating layer 13, the connecting tube 33, and the heating jacket 2, the raw materials can be heated simultaneously from both inside and outside. In conjunction with the stirring shaft 11, the stirring blade 12, and the vertical plate 14, the heating and mixing efficiency of the raw materials can be improved, which is convenient for the processing and production of disperse dye-easily dyed polyester.

[0026] In this embodiment, a first fixed pipe 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the heating jacket 2, a second fixed pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the heating jacket 2, and a discharge pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the polyester tank 1. Solenoid valves are fixedly installed at the outer ends of the first fixed pipe 7, the second fixed pipe 8, and the discharge pipe 3. A pressure gauge 9 is fixedly installed above the first fixed pipe 7, corresponding to the inside of the polyester tank 1. A connecting pipe 33 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the polyester tank 1. The connecting pipe 33 is fixedly connected to the heating jacket 2. The stirring shaft 11 is rotatably installed at the center of the elliptical tube 32. A temperature transmitter 10 is fixedly installed on the other side of the polyester tank 1, corresponding to the position of the connecting pipe 33. The arc-shaped groove 34 is symmetrically opened. The elliptical tube 32 is slidably installed inside the arc-shaped groove 34, located inside the top and bottom ends of the vertical plate 14 on the same side. Stirring blades 12 are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower end of the stirring shaft 11. The stirring blades 12 are in close contact with one side of the vertical plate 14. Heating oil can be introduced into the heating jacket 2, the connecting pipe 33 and the elliptical tube 32 through the first fixed pipe 7 and the second fixed pipe 8. This facilitates simultaneous heating of the raw materials from both inside and outside through the cooperation of the elliptical tube 32, the connecting pipe 33 and the heating jacket 2, which can improve the heating efficiency of the raw materials. The pressure gauge 9 can monitor the internal pressure of the polyester tank 1 and the temperature transmitter 10 can monitor the reaction temperature of the raw materials, ensuring the normal progress of the preparation process of disperse dye easily dyed polyester.

[0027] In this embodiment, a servo motor 21 and a drive motor 22 are fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate 20. An adjusting screw 23 is rotatably mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor 21 between the mounting plate 20 and the polyester tank 1. The top end of the rotating shaft 25 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 22. The rotating shaft 25 is square in shape. An adjusting plate 24 is screwed onto the outside of the adjusting screw 23. One end of the adjusting plate 24 is movably mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft 25 via a bearing. A roller 26 limits the sliding movement of the rotating shaft 25. The roller 26 is rotatably mounted inside one end of the adjusting plate 24. The roller 26 is in close contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone 19. The speed-changing cone 19 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the top end of the stirring shaft 11, corresponding to the fixing cover 16. Inside the polyester tank 1, a liquid raw material adding pipe 5 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed cover 16 at the top. The bottom end of the liquid raw material adding pipe 5 is located diagonally above the dispersing fan 18. The servo motor 21 can drive the adjusting screw 23 to rotate. The adjusting screw 23 can be screwed to drive the adjusting plate 24 to move up and down along it, so that the position of the roller 26 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting plate 24. At the same time, the drive motor 22 and the rotating shaft 25 drive the roller 26 and the variable speed cone 19 to rotate, so that the speed of the variable speed cone 19 and the stirring shaft 11 can be adjusted to rotate. The raw materials can be stirred at different speeds, which is beneficial to the preparation of disperse dye-easy polyester. In addition, the rotating shaft 25 can drive the dispersing fan 18 to rotate, which can disperse the added liquid raw materials and facilitate their dispersion.

[0028] In this embodiment, the grinding mechanism 15 includes a rotating rod 17, a turntable 31, a grinding seat 27, and a grinding column 29. The rotating rod 17 is rotatably mounted inside the top of the polyester tank 1, corresponding to the fixed cover 16. The turntable 31 is fixedly mounted inside the top of the rotating rod 17, corresponding to the fixed cover 16. The turntable 31 is in close contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone 19. The grinding seat 27 is fixedly mounted on the inner top wall of the polyester tank 1. The grinding column 29 is fixedly mounted inside the bottom of the rotating rod 17, corresponding to the grinding seat 27. A guide frame 28 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the grinding seat 27. A T-shaped solid raw material adding tube 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the polyester tank 1 above the guide frame 28. A filter screen 30 is fixedly installed inside the bottom of the grinding seat 27 below the grinding column 29. Through the contact between the turntable 31 and the speed-changing cone 19, the turntable 31 and the rotating rod 17 can be rotated and adjusted. The rotating rod 17 can drive the grinding column 29 to rotate inside the grinding seat 27, which facilitates the grinding of solid raw materials, reduces the particle size of solid raw materials, and facilitates the subsequent dispersion of solid raw materials. The guide frame 28 can guide the solid raw materials into the interior of the grinding seat 27.

[0029] When using the in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable disperse dye polyester based on structural phase regulation, the easily dyeable disperse dye polyester raw material is obtained according to the formula and pretreated. A PLC controller is installed on the outside of the polyester tank 1. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the servo motor 21, the drive motor 22, and the temperature transmitter 10 through wires and supporting circuits. The first fixed pipe 7 and the second fixed pipe 8 are fixedly connected to the delivery pump through pipelines, and heating oil is delivered to the interior of the heating jacket 2 through the delivery pump. The heating oil enters the elliptical tube 32 through the connecting pipe 33 and fills the heating jacket 2. Heating oil is discharged through the first fixed pipe 7 or the second fixed pipe 8 to ensure that there is always heating oil at the corresponding temperature inside the heating jacket 2, the connecting pipe 33, and the elliptical pipe 32. Solid raw materials, such as purified terephthalic acid, are added into the polyester tank 1 through the T-shaped solid raw material adding pipe 4, and liquid raw materials, such as ethylene glycol, are added through the liquid raw material adding pipe 5. At the same time, the drive motor 22 is started by the PLC controller. The drive motor 22 drives the rotating shaft 25 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 25 drives the roller 26 to rotate inside one end of the adjusting plate 24. The roller 26 can drive the speed changer. The cone 19 and stirring shaft 11 rotate, and the stirring shaft 11 drives the stirring blades 12 to rotate inside the polyester tank 1. At the same time, the stirring blades 12 contact the vertical plate 14 and squeeze the vertical plate 14, so that the vertical plate 14 can reciprocate on the elliptical tube 32 through the arc groove 34. At the same time, the rotating rod 17 can be driven to rotate by the action of the turntable 31 and the variable speed cone 19. The rotating rod 17 drives the grinding column 29 to rotate inside the grinding seat 27. The solid raw material falls onto the guide frame 28 and enters the interior of the grinding seat 27. The outer wall of the grinding column 29 and the inner wall of the grinding seat 27 are provided with protrusions. The solid raw materials are ground and then filtered through the filter screen 30 into the polyester tank 1. At the same time, the rotating shaft 25 drives the dispersing fan 18 to rotate, which can disperse the liquid raw materials, so that the solid powder and liquid raw materials are mixed. The elliptical tube 32, the connecting tube 33 and the heating jacket 2 are used to heat the materials from the inside and outside. The mixing of the raw materials is facilitated by the cooperation of the stirring blade 12 and the vertical plate 14, which facilitates the esterification reaction. After the reaction, solid raw materials and liquid raw materials such as polyethylene glycol, nano montmorillonite, yellowing inhibitor, stabilizer and anti-flooding agent are added to the interior of the polyester tank 1.The raw materials are heated using a heating mechanism and heating jacket 2, and stirred using a vertical plate 14 and stirring blades 12 to facilitate secondary esterification. After the reaction, a vacuum is drawn into the polyester tank 1 through the solid raw material addition pipe 4 to control the temperature of the subsequent polycondensation reaction. Simultaneously, the adjusting plate 24 is raised and lowered using a servo motor 21 and adjusting screw 23. The adjusting plate 24 drives the roller 26 to slide along the rotating shaft 25. The rotation speed of the variable speed cone 19 and the stirring shaft 11 is controlled by the roller 26 and the variable speed cone 19, facilitating variable speed stirring of the disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester. After the reaction, the disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester is discharged through the discharge pipe 3 and sent to the pelletizing system for underwater pelletizing to produce disperse dye-easily dyeable polyester granules. The PLC controller, pressure gauge 9, temperature transmitter 10, servo motor 21, and drive motor 22 mentioned in this application are all existing known devices and will not be described in detail here.

[0030] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A process for in-situ dispersion preparation of easily dyeable polyesters based on structural phase regulation of disperse dyes, comprising the following steps, characterized in that: S1: Obtain easily dyeable polyester raw materials for disperse dyes according to the formula, and process the raw materials; S2: Add purified terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol and catalyst to the polyester reactor to carry out the esterification reaction; S3: Continue to add polyethylene glycol, nano-montmorillonite, yellowing inhibitor, stabilizer, and anti-flooding agent to the polyester reactor and carry out an esterification reaction with the reaction product in S2; S4: Transfer the reaction products in the polyester reactor or carry out the final polyester reaction directly in the polyester reactor. S5: Discharge the polyester and cut it into pellets underwater to produce the finished product.

2. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 1 further includes a preparation apparatus, characterized in that: The preparation apparatus includes a polyester tank (1), a heating jacket (2), a transmission mechanism (6), a heating mechanism, and a grinding mechanism (15). The heating jacket (2) is fixedly disposed on the outer side of the bottom end of the polyester tank (1). The transmission mechanism (6) includes a fixing cover (16), a speed regulating mechanism, and a stirring shaft (11). The fixing cover (16) is fixedly installed at the center of the top of the polyester tank (1). The stirring shaft (11) is rotatably mounted at the center of the interior of the polyester tank (1) and the fixing cover (16). A dispersing fan (18) is obliquely and rotatably installed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank (1). The grinding mechanism (15) is disposed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank (1) on one side corresponding to the stirring shaft (11). The speed regulating mechanism includes a mounting plate (20), a speed-changing cone (19), a rotating shaft (25), and a roller (26). The mounting plate (20) is obliquely fixedly installed on one side inside the fixed cover (16). The rotating shaft (25) is obliquely rotatably installed at one end of the mounting plate (20) and inside the polyester tank (1). The bottom end of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the dispersing fan (18). The heating mechanism includes a heating layer (13) and a vertical plate (14). The heating layer (13) includes an elliptical tube (32) and a connecting pipe (33). The connecting pipe (33) is symmetrically fixedly connected to both ends of the elliptical tube (32). The vertical plate (14) is slidably installed between the two ends of the elliptical tube (32) through an arc groove (34).

3. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the heating jacket (2) is fixedly connected to a first fixed pipe (7), the bottom end of the heating jacket (2) is fixedly connected to a second fixed pipe (8), the bottom end of the polyester tank (1) is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe (3), the outer ends of the first fixed pipe (7), the second fixed pipe (8) and the discharge pipe (3) are all fixedly installed with solenoid valves, and a pressure gauge (9) is fixedly installed above the first fixed pipe (7) corresponding to the inside of the polyester tank (1).

4. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (33) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner walls of both sides of the polyester tank (1). The connecting pipe (33) is fixedly connected to the heating jacket (2). The stirring shaft (11) is rotatably installed at the center of the inside of the elliptical tube (32). A temperature transmitter (10) is fixedly installed on the other side of the polyester tank (1) at the position corresponding to the connecting pipe (33).

5. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped groove (34) is symmetrically opened on the top and bottom of the same side of the vertical plate (14). The elliptical tube (32) is slidably installed inside the arc-shaped groove (34). Stirring blades (12) are fixedly provided on both sides of the lower end of the stirring shaft (11). The stirring blades (12) are in contact with one side of the vertical plate (14).

6. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the mounting plate (20) is fixedly mounted with a servo motor (21) and a drive motor (22). An adjusting screw (23) is rotatably mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor (21) between the mounting plate (20) and the polyester tank (1). The top of the rotating shaft (25) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (22).

7. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (25) is square in shape. An adjusting plate (24) is screwed onto the outside of the adjusting screw (23). One end of the adjusting plate (24) is movably mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft (25) via a bearing. The roller (26) limits the sliding of the rotating shaft (25) on the outside. The roller (26) is rotatably mounted inside one end of the adjusting plate (24). The roller (26) is in contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone (19).

8. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The variable speed cone (19) is fixedly installed on the outside of the top of the stirring shaft (11) corresponding to the inside of the fixing cover (16). The top of the polyester tank (1) is fixedly connected to a liquid raw material adding pipe (5) on one side corresponding to the fixing cover (16). The bottom end of the liquid raw material adding pipe (5) is located diagonally above the dispersing fan (18).

9. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (15) includes a rotating rod (17), a turntable (31), a grinding seat (27), and a grinding column (29). The rotating rod (17) is rotatably mounted inside the top of the polyester tank (1) corresponding to the fixed cover (16). The turntable (31) is fixedly mounted inside the top of the rotating rod (17) corresponding to the fixed cover (16). The turntable (31) is in contact with the surface of the speed-changing cone (19).

10. The in-situ dispersion preparation process of easily dyeable polyester based on structural phase regulation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grinding seat (27) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the polyester tank (1). The grinding column (29) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod (17) corresponding to the inside of the grinding seat (27). A guide frame (28) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the grinding seat (27). A T-shaped solid raw material adding tube (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the polyester tank (1) corresponding to the top of the guide frame (28). A filter screen (30) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the grinding seat (27) corresponding to the bottom of the grinding column (29).

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