A pps / po composite material suitable for additive manufacturing and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of materials technology. It provides a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing and its preparation method. The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts PPS resin and 10-40 parts PPO resin. By controlling molecular compatibility and combining multi-scale interface design, PPO is introduced as a reinforcing phase to construct a PPS / PPO blend composite system. PPO and PPS have certain thermodynamic compatibility and can form a microphase separation structure during melt blending. This structure can effectively induce interfacial debonding, matrix shear yielding, and crack deflection mechanisms under stress, significantly improving the material's energy dissipation capacity. Simultaneously, the two phases maintain good interfacial bonding strength through physical entanglement of molecular chains and dipole-dipole interactions, avoiding a decrease in rigidity due to excessive phase separation, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of stiffness and strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of materials technology, and in particular to a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As high-end equipment develops towards lightweight, high reliability, and multifunctional integration, fields such as aerospace are placing comprehensive performance requirements on structural materials, demanding high specific strength, excellent damage tolerance, and efficient energy absorption capabilities. While traditional metal components possess good mechanical properties, their physical characteristics and manufacturing processes limit their ability to achieve complex topologies, further reduce weight, and improve energy absorption efficiency. Against this backdrop, fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing technology, due to its lack of need for specialized molds, high design freedom, and applicability to customized molding of polymer-based composite materials, offers a new technological path for developing lightweight, high-strength, and functionally integrated structures. Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), with its excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, chemical stability, and inherent flame-retardant characteristics, is considered one of the potential matrices for high-performance special engineering materials. However, PPS molecular chains are rigid and crystallize rapidly, easily forming imperfect crystal structures under the rapid cooling conditions of the FDM process. This results in greater brittleness and insufficient impact resistance, making it difficult to meet the performance requirements of structural-functional integration under dynamic loads.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide a PPS / PPO composite material with good mechanical properties and impact resistance suitable for additive manufacturing, and its preparation method, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a PPS / PPO composite material with good mechanical properties and impact resistance suitable for additive manufacturing, and a method for preparing the same. This method introduces PPO as a reinforcing phase by controlling molecular compatibility and combining it with a multi-scale interface design strategy to construct a PPS / PPO blend composite system.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of PPS resin and 10-40 parts of PPO resin.

[0006] This invention also provides a method for preparing a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps: (1) PPS and PPO are placed in a ball mill in a certain ratio and ball milled to obtain a mixture; the mixture is dried to obtain a dried mixture. (2) The dried mixture is fed into the meshing twin-screw extrusion system through the feeder. Four temperature zones are set along the material conveying direction. The mixture is fully melted and blended under the shearing, mixing and conveying action of the main screw and the feed screw. (3) The melt is extruded through a circular die, stretched by a traction device, and the traction speed is adjusted to obtain PPS / PPO composite material.

[0007] Preferably, in step (1), the ball mill rotates at a speed of 300-500 r / min and the milling time is 1-3 hours.

[0008] Preferably, in step (1), the drying process involves placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at 60-80°C for 5-7 hours.

[0009] Preferably, in step (2), the four temperature zones are, in turn, a preheating zone of 250~270℃, two homogenization zones of 270~290℃ and 280~300℃, respectively, and a die extrusion zone of 295~305℃.

[0010] Preferably, in step (2), the rotational speed of the main screw is 50~70 rpm, and the rotational speed of the feeding screw is 30~50 rpm.

[0011] Preferably, in step (3), the rotational speed of the traction device is 3~10 rpm.

[0012] Preferably, the PPS resin is thermoplastic PPS granules from SABIC. Preferably, the PPO resin is PPO resin granules of model PX9406P produced by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention proposes to construct a PPS / PPO blend composite system by introducing polyphenylene oxide (PPO) as a reinforcing phase through the regulation of molecular compatibility and a multi-scale interface design strategy. PPO and PPS exhibit thermodynamic compatibility and can form a microphase separation structure during melt blending. This structure can effectively induce interfacial debonding, matrix shear yielding, and crack deflection mechanisms under stress, significantly improving the material's energy dissipation capacity. Simultaneously, the two phases maintain good interfacial bonding strength through the physical entanglement of molecular chains and dipole-dipole interactions, avoiding a decrease in rigidity due to excessive phase separation, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of stiffness and strength. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 The process flow and schematic diagram for preparing PPS / PPO composite materials; Figure 2A schematic diagram of the PPS / PPO composite material structure; Figure 3 DSC testing of PPS / PPO composite materials; Figure 4 FTIR testing of PPS / PPO composite materials; Figure 5 Bar chart showing the tensile strength of composite materials with different PPO contents; Figure 6 Bar chart showing the tensile modulus of composite materials with different PPO contents; Figure 7 Scanning electron micrographs of tensile fracture sections of composite material samples with different PPO contents; Figure 8 Bar charts showing the porosity of composite material samples at tensile fracture sections with different PPO contents; Figure 9 Bar charts showing the flexural strength of composite material samples with different PPO contents; Figure 10 Bar chart showing the flexural modulus of composite material samples with different PPO contents; Figure 11 Compressive strength curves of composite material samples with different PPO contents; Figure 12 Bar chart showing the notched impact strength of composite material samples with different PPO contents. Detailed Implementation

[0015] This invention provides a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of PPS resin and 10-40 parts of PPO resin.

[0016] In this invention, the PPS / PPO composite material comprises 60-90 parts of PPS resin, preferably 65-85 parts, more preferably 70-80 parts, and even more preferably 73-75 parts.

[0017] In this invention, the PPS / PPO composite material comprises 10 to 40 parts of PPO resin, preferably 15 to 35 parts, more preferably 20 to 30 parts, and even more preferably 22 to 25 parts.

[0018] This invention also provides a method for preparing a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps: (1) PPS and PPO are placed in a ball mill in a certain ratio and ball milled to obtain a mixture; the mixture is dried to obtain a dried mixture. (2) The dried mixture is fed into the meshing twin-screw extrusion system through the feeder. Four temperature zones are set along the material conveying direction. The mixture is fully melted and blended under the shearing, mixing and conveying action of the main screw and the feed screw. (3) The melt is extruded through a circular die, stretched by a traction device, and the traction speed is adjusted to obtain PPS / PPO composite material for FDM printing.

[0019] In this invention, in step (1), the ball milling speed is 300~500 r / min, preferably 350~450 r / min, more preferably 370~430 r / min, and even more preferably 380~400 r / min.

[0020] In this invention, in step (1), the ball milling time is 1 to 3 hours, preferably 1.5 to 2.8 hours, more preferably 1.8 to 2.5 hours, and even more preferably 2 to 2.3 hours.

[0021] In this invention, in step (1), the drying process involves placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at 60-80°C for 5-7 hours.

[0022] In this invention, in step (1), the drying temperature is 60~80℃, preferably 65~75℃, more preferably 68~73℃, and even more preferably 70~72℃. The drying temperature is strictly controlled below the glass transition temperature of PPS and PPO to avoid softening, thermal degradation, or other side reactions that may degrade the mechanical properties of the material during the drying process.

[0023] In this invention, in step (1), the drying time is 5 to 7 hours, preferably 5.5 to 6.5 hours, more preferably 5.7 to 6.3 hours, and even more preferably 5.8 to 6.2 hours.

[0024] In this invention, after pretreatment, a twin-screw extrusion system combined with an online traction device is used to prepare composite material wire suitable for FDM process. This extrusion system consists of four independently temperature-controlled flow channels, a pair of meshing screws, and an auxiliary wire drawing device. Along the material conveying direction, the flow channels are divided into the following four temperature zones.

[0025] In this invention, the four temperature zones are, in sequence, a preheating zone of 250~270℃, which is slightly lower than the melting temperature of the composite system, to soften the material initially and prevent cold material from directly entering the high-shear zone, thus avoiding a sudden increase in torque. The temperatures of the two homogenization zones are 270~290℃ and 280~300℃, respectively, to ensure that the two materials are fully melted and blended, achieving effective dispersion and compatibility at the molecular scale. Appropriately increasing the temperature gradient helps to reduce melt viscosity, enhance diffusion at the two-phase interface, and promote the uniform formation of microphase separation structure. The extrusion zone temperature is set to 295~305℃ to ensure good flowability and extrusion stability when passing through the circular die, reducing the risk of outlet expansion and melt breakage. Each temperature zone is controlled with high precision by a PID controller.

[0026] In this invention, the temperature of the preheating zone is 250~270℃, preferably 255~265℃, more preferably 257~263℃, and even more preferably 260~262℃.

[0027] In this invention, the temperature of the homogenization zone is 270~290℃, preferably 275~285℃, more preferably 278~283℃, and even more preferably 280~282℃.

[0028] In this invention, the temperature of the homogenization zone is 280~300℃, preferably 285~298℃, more preferably 290~297℃, and even more preferably 294~296℃.

[0029] In this invention, the temperature of the die extrusion zone is 295~305℃, preferably 297~303℃, more preferably 298~302℃, and even more preferably 299~301℃.

[0030] In this invention, in step (2), the rotational speed of the main screw is 50~70 rpm, preferably 53~68 rpm, more preferably 55~65 rpm, and even more preferably 58~63 rpm.

[0031] In this invention, in step (2), the rotational speed of the feeding screw is 30~50 rpm, preferably 33~48 rpm, more preferably 35~45 rpm, and even more preferably 37~40 rpm.

[0032] In this invention, in step (3), the rotational speed of the traction device is 3~10 rpm, preferably 4~9 rpm, more preferably 5~8 rpm, and even more preferably 6~7 rpm.

[0033] In this invention, the PPS resin used is thermoplastic PPS granules from SABIC.

[0034] In this invention, the PPO resin used is PPO resin granules of model PX9406P produced by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] First, 90 parts of thermoplastic PPS granules and 10 parts of PPO resin granules were premixed in a planetary ball mill and milled at 400 rpm for 2 hours to ensure uniform dispersion of the two components. Then, the mixture was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 70°C for 6 hours to thoroughly remove adsorbed moisture and prevent moisture from vaporizing and forming bubbles during high-temperature processing, which could affect the density and molding quality of the subsequent 3D printed samples.

[0038] After pretreatment, a twin-screw extrusion system combined with an online traction device is used to prepare composite material wire suitable for FDM process. This extrusion system consists of four independently temperature-controlled flow channels, a pair of meshing screws, and an auxiliary drawing device. Along the material conveying direction, the flow channels are divided into four temperature zones with the following process parameters: preheating zone temperature is 265℃; the temperatures of the two homogenization zones are 275℃ and 280℃ respectively; and the die extrusion zone temperature is set to 285℃. The main screw speed is 50 rpm, and the feed screw speed is 30 rpm.

[0039] After drying, the PPS / PPO mixed granules are fed into the extruder through the feed inlet. Under the shearing, mixing, and conveying action of the screw, they are fully melted and blended, undergoing dynamic evolution of the crystal structure under thermo-coupling. The melt is extruded through a 2mm diameter circular die to form a continuous filament bundle. Subsequently, a directional tensile stress field is applied to the high-temperature melt by adjusting the traction device, and the final forming diameter of the filament is controlled by the tensile orientation effect. During this process, when the traction speed is set to 4.7 rpm, the diameter of the resulting filament is stable at 1.75 ± 0.05 mm, which is the PPS / PPO composite filament.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] First, 80 parts of thermoplastic PPS granules and 20 parts of PPO resin granules were premixed in a planetary ball mill and milled at 300 rpm for 3 hours to ensure uniform dispersion of the two components. Then, the mixture was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 60°C for 7 hours to thoroughly remove adsorbed moisture and prevent moisture from vaporizing and forming bubbles during high-temperature processing, which could affect the density and molding quality of the subsequent 3D printed samples.

[0042] After pretreatment, a twin-screw extrusion system combined with an online traction device is used to prepare composite material wire suitable for FDM process. This extrusion system consists of four independently temperature-controlled flow channels, a pair of meshing screws, and an auxiliary drawing device. Along the material conveying direction, the flow channels are divided into four temperature zones with the following process parameters: preheating zone temperature is 250℃; the temperatures of the two homogenization zones are 270℃ and 295℃, respectively; and the die extrusion zone temperature is set at 300℃. The main screw speed is 60 rpm, and the feed screw speed is 40 rpm.

[0043] The dried PPS / PPO mixed granules are fed into the extruder through the feed inlet. Under the shearing, mixing, and conveying action of the screw, they are fully melted and blended, undergoing dynamic evolution of the crystal structure under thermo-coupling. The melt is extruded through a circular die to form a continuous filament bundle. Subsequently, a directional tensile stress field is applied to the high-temperature melt by adjusting the traction device, and the final forming diameter of the filament is controlled by the tensile orientation effect. During this process, when the traction speed is set to 4.7 rpm, the PPS / PPO composite material is obtained.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] First, 70 parts of thermoplastic PPS granules and 30 parts of PPO resin granules were premixed in a planetary ball mill and milled at 500 rpm for 1 hour to ensure uniform dispersion of the two components. Then, the mixture was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 71°C for 5 hours to thoroughly remove adsorbed moisture and prevent moisture from vaporizing and forming bubbles during high-temperature processing, which could affect the density and molding quality of the subsequent 3D printed samples.

[0046] After pretreatment, a twin-screw extrusion system combined with an online traction device is used to prepare composite material wire suitable for FDM process. This extrusion system consists of four independently temperature-controlled flow channels, a pair of meshing screws, and an auxiliary drawing device. Along the material conveying direction, the flow channels are divided into four temperature zones with the following process parameters: preheating zone temperature is 270℃; the temperatures of the two homogenization zones are 280℃ and 300℃, respectively; and the die extrusion zone temperature is set at 305℃. The main screw speed is 70 rpm, and the feed screw speed is 50 rpm.

[0047] The dried PPS / PPO mixed granules are fed into the extruder through the feed inlet. Under the shearing, mixing, and conveying action of the screw, they are fully melted and blended, undergoing dynamic evolution of their crystalline structure under thermo-coupling. The melt is extruded through a circular die to form a continuous filament bundle. Subsequently, a directional tensile stress field is applied to the high-temperature melt by adjusting the traction device, using the tensile orientation effect to control the final forming diameter of the filament. During this process, when the traction speed is set to 8 rpm, the PPS / PPO composite material is obtained.

[0048] Example 4

[0049] First, 60 parts of thermoplastic PPS granules and 40 parts of PPO resin granules were premixed in a planetary ball mill and milled at 400 rpm for 2 hours to ensure uniform dispersion of the two components. Then, the mixture was placed in a vacuum drying oven and dried at 70°C for 6 hours to thoroughly remove adsorbed moisture and prevent moisture from vaporizing and forming bubbles during high-temperature processing, which could affect the density and molding quality of the subsequent 3D printed samples.

[0050] After pretreatment, a twin-screw extrusion system combined with an online traction device is used to prepare composite material wire suitable for FDM process. This extrusion system consists of four independently temperature-controlled flow channels, a pair of meshing screws, and an auxiliary drawing device. Along the material conveying direction, the flow channels are divided into four temperature zones with the following process parameters: preheating zone temperature is 265℃; the temperatures of the two homogenization zones are 275℃ and 280℃ respectively; and the die extrusion zone temperature is set to 285℃. The main screw speed is 50 rpm, and the feed screw speed is 30 rpm.

[0051] After drying, the PPS / PPO mixed granules are fed into the extruder through the feed inlet. Under the shearing, mixing, and conveying action of the screw, they are fully melted and blended, undergoing dynamic evolution of the crystal structure under thermo-coupling. The melt is extruded through a 2mm diameter circular die to form a continuous filament bundle. Subsequently, a directional tensile stress field is applied to the high-temperature melt by adjusting the traction device, and the final forming diameter of the filament is controlled by the tensile orientation effect. During this process, when the traction speed is set to 4.7 rpm, the diameter of the resulting filament is stable at 1.75 ± 0.05 mm, thus obtaining the PPS / PPO composite material.

[0052] Comparative Example 1: PPS was used as a blank control group, and no PPO resin was added.

[0053] Performance testing: The following performance tests were performed on the PPS / PPO composite materials and PPS resin prepared in the above embodiments and comparative examples: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): The melting and crystallization behavior of the PPS / PPO composite material was characterized using DSC. Approximately 14 mg of sample was weighed and placed in a standard aluminum crucible under a high-purity nitrogen atmosphere (flow rate 50 mL / min). To eliminate the influence of thermal history, a two-stage heating procedure was employed: first, the temperature was increased from 30 °C to 400 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min; after the sample had naturally cooled to room temperature, a second heating was performed.

[0054] Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): 1–2 mg of sample was thoroughly ground and mixed with 150 mg of spectroscopically pure KBr powder in an agate mortar. This process was performed quickly in a dry environment to avoid moisture absorption. The sample was then transferred to a tableting mold and pressed at 10 MPa for 5 minutes to form a thin film. The spectrometer was fully preheated before testing to eliminate moisture interference. All tests were performed at room temperature, with a scanning range of 4000–4000 cm⁻¹. -1 The resolution is 4cm. -1 .

[0055] Tensile properties: Tested according to GB / T1046.2-2006 standard, with a loading rate of 1 mm / min.

[0056] Bending strength: Tested according to GB / T9341-2008 standard, using a 10×10×20mm cuboid sample.

[0057] Typical mechanical response characteristics under quasi-static compressive load: tested according to GB / T1041-2008 standard.

[0058] Notched impact strength of composite material samples: tested according to GB / T1843-2008 standard.

[0059] Performance test results: Depend on Figure 3 The DSC test results show that as the PPO content increases from 0 to 40 wt%, the T value of the composite system significantly decreases from 91.86℃ to 77.03℃. This downward trend indicates that the introduction of flexible segments in PPO weakens the secondary bond interactions between PPS molecular chains, effectively enhancing the mobility of amorphous segments and thus improving the material's toughness. Meanwhile, the melting temperature T value of the composite material remains stable at 285±1.5℃, essentially consistent with pure PPS, indicating that the addition of PPO did not alter the crystal structure of PPS or form a new eutectic phase. Furthermore, the crystallinity of the composite material (xc=ΔHm / ΔHx100%, where ΔHm is the true melting enthalpy of the composite system, and ΔH is the theoretical melting enthalpy of 100% crystalline PPS) decreases gradually with increasing PPO content. This is attributed to PPO, as an amorphous polymer, diluting the crystalline phase of PPS and inhibiting its crystallinity, leading to a decrease in overall crystallinity. The increased proportion of the amorphous phase helps improve the material's plastic deformation capacity under stress.

[0060] Depend on Figure 4 As can be seen, FTIR analysis shows that in the range of 1270~1010 cm⁻¹ -The absorption peak intensity attributable to the stretching vibration of the -COC- ether bond within the wavenumber range significantly increases with increasing PPO content, confirming the successful introduction of PPO into the PPS matrix. This ether bond possesses a low internal rotational barrier, effectively enhancing the local compliance of the molecular chain and increasing the free volume of the amorphous region, thereby reducing the activation energy required for coordinated chain segment movement. When the PPO content reaches 20 wt%, the intensity of the COC characteristic absorption peak tends to saturate and no longer changes significantly with increasing PPO content, indicating that the dispersion and toughening effect of PPO in the system is approaching a critical threshold, and further addition has limited effect on improving chain segment compliance. Furthermore, during melt extrusion, high temperature and strong shear may induce thermal oxidative crosslinking of the PPS molecular chain due to trace amounts of oxygen. Although this in-situ formed mild crosslinked network does not significantly alter the main chain chemical structure, it can improve the material's rigidity and thermal dimensional stability to some extent. Simultaneously, this crosslinked structure, through topological constraint effects, partially inhibits the excessive weakening of PPS crystallization behavior by the plasticizing effect of PPO. This mechanism explains why the decrease in crystallinity of composite materials tends to level off when the PPO content exceeds 30 wt%.

[0061] Therefore, the introduction of PPO not only improves the toughness of the material by strengthening it with flexible ether bonds and regulating crystallinity, but also has a synergistic effect with the slightly cross-linked network induced during processing. While retaining the advantages of the heat-resistant skeleton of PPS, it achieves multi-objective optimization of strength, toughness and thermal stability.

[0062] Depend on Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is evident that the introduction of PPO significantly enhances the tensile strength and modulus of PPS-based composite filaments. When the PPO content is 20 wt%, the tensile strength and modulus of the composite filaments increase by 23.12% and 32.53% respectively compared to pure PPS; when the PPO content further increases to 30 wt%, the tensile modulus increases dramatically by 69.88%. This is because during melt extrusion, trace amounts of oxygen induce mild thermal oxidation of the PPS molecular chains, forming a local cross-linked network that provides topological constraints on molecular chain movement, thereby improving material rigidity. Simultaneously, strong physical entanglement and dipole-dipole interactions may exist between the PPS and PPO phase interfaces, effectively promoting stress transmission and dispersion at the phase interfaces. Furthermore, the microphase separation structure formed in the system may further enhance overall mechanical properties by limiting excessive growth of PPS crystalline regions and optimizing the distribution of amorphous / crystalline regions.

[0063] Depend on Figure 7It can be seen that by analyzing the fracture surface using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the correlation between thermorheology and mechanical properties, the regulatory mechanism of PPO content on the tensile properties of PPS / PPO composites is systematically elucidated. The introduction of PPO moderately suppresses the crystallinity of PPS, mitigating the internal stress concentration induced by the mismatch in volume shrinkage between the crystalline and amorphous phases during cooling, thereby effectively inhibiting the formation of micropores and microcracks. The fracture morphology shows a smooth surface without obvious pores or delamination, and good adhesion in the interfacial region, enhancing the interfacial stress transfer capacity, thus blocking crack propagation paths and dissipating more energy. However, when the PPO content continues to increase, the thermodynamic incompatibility of the system is significantly aggravated, resulting in macroscopic phase separation. PPO is enriched in the continuous PPS matrix as a micron-sized spherical dispersed phase, accompanied by a large number of debonding voids and interlayer delamination at the interface. Figure 8 It is evident that the appropriate introduction of PPO significantly improves the molding quality of composite material samples and effectively reduces internal defects. When the PPO content is 20 wt%, the porosity of the material is reduced by 76.72% compared to the pure matrix material without PPO, indicating that PPO has a positive effect on densification at this ratio. However, when the PPO content is further increased, the porosity rebounds due to decreased compatibility, changes in melt viscosity, or other processing factors, suggesting that excessive addition of PPO may degrade the molding quality of the composite material.

[0064] Depend on Figure 9 and Figure 10 It can be seen that the flexural strength and modulus of the composite sample improved to some extent with the increase of PPO content. When the PPO content reached 10 wt%, the flexural strength and modulus of the PPS / PPO composite sample increased by 27.84% and 3.75% respectively compared with the pure PPS sample. When the PPO content reached 20 wt%, the flexural strength and modulus of the PPS / PPO composite sample increased by 24.36% and 13.06% respectively compared with the pure PPS sample. As the PPO content continued to increase, the tensile properties of the composite decreased. However, when the PPO content reached 40 wt%, the flexural strength and modulus of the composite increased simultaneously again, showing a bimodal performance evolution characteristic.

[0065] Depend on Figure 11As can be seen, the stress-strain curves exhibit the typical mechanical response characteristics of PPS / PPO composites under quasi-static compressive loads. Overall, they show a clear two-stage behavior: an initial linear elastic segment and a nonlinear strengthening stage. With increasing PPO content, the curve slope first rises and then decreases, reaching its highest point at 10 wt% PPO, indicating that the material has the strongest resistance to initial compressive deformation at this ratio. Simultaneously, at the same strain, its stress value is generally higher than that of other components, indicating its optimal load-bearing capacity. When the PPO content continues to increase to 20-40 wt%, the curves shift downwards overall, and stiffness and load-bearing capacity decrease to varying degrees, reflecting that excessive PPO leads to phase separation and interface weakening, thus reducing the overall mechanical properties of the structure.

[0066] Depend on Figure 12 It can be seen that with the increase of PPO content, the notched impact strength of the composite sample shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Compared with room temperature, the impact strength of pure PPS sample after high and low temperature alternating pretreatment decreased by 27.27%. When the PPO content reaches 20wt%, the impact strength of PPS / PPO composite sample under high and low temperature alternating treatment is increased by 105.88% compared with pure PPS and by 49.73% compared with PPS at room temperature. When the PPO content continues to increase, the impact strength of the composite material shows a decreasing trend.

[0067] As shown in the above embodiments, this invention provides a PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing. By controlling molecular compatibility and combining a multi-scale interface design strategy, polyphenylene oxide (PPO) is introduced as a reinforcing phase to construct a PPS / PPO blend composite system. PPO and PPS have certain thermodynamic compatibility and can form a microphase separation structure during melt blending. This structure can effectively induce interfacial debonding, matrix shear yielding, and crack deflection mechanisms under stress, significantly improving the material's energy dissipation capacity. At the same time, the two phases maintain good interfacial bonding strength through the physical entanglement of molecular chains and dipole-dipole interactions, avoiding a decrease in rigidity due to excessive phase separation, thereby achieving synergistic optimization of stiffness and strength. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PPS / PPO composite material suitable for additive manufacturing, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of PPS resin and 10-40 parts of PPO resin.

2. The method for preparing PPS / PPO composite materials suitable for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) PPS and PPO are placed in a ball mill in a certain ratio and ball milled to obtain a mixture; the mixture is dried to obtain a dried mixture. (2) The dried mixture is fed into the meshing twin-screw extrusion system through the feeder. Four temperature zones are set along the material conveying direction. The mixture is fully melted and blended under the shearing, mixing and conveying action of the main screw and the feed screw. (3) The melt is extruded through a circular die, stretched by a traction device, and the traction speed is adjusted to obtain PPS / PPO composite material.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the ball mill rotates at a speed of 300-500 r / min and the milling time is 1-3 hours.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (1), the drying process involves placing the mixture in a vacuum drying oven and drying it at 60-80°C for 5-7 hours.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the four temperature zones are preheating zone 250~270℃, two homogenization zones 270~290℃ and 280~300℃ respectively, and the die extrusion zone temperature is set to 295~305℃.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the main screw rotates at 50-70 rpm and the feed screw rotates at 30-50 rpm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (3), the rotational speed of the traction device is 3~10 rpm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The PPS resin used is thermoplastic PPS granules from SABIC. The PPO resin used is PX9406P PPO resin granules manufactured by Saudi Basic Industries Corporation.

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