A soil amendment to improve saline soils and promote germination and growth of crops

Abstract

A soil improver for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth, characterized in that it is composed of the following components in parts by weight: desulfurized gypsum 100-180 parts, biomass charcoal 30-80 parts, microbial agent 20-30 parts, plant regulator 0.1-1.5 parts, organic acid 1-3 parts, oligosaccharide 2-8 parts. The soil improver prepared by the present application can effectively improve saline-alkali soil and promote crop germination and growth. In the soil improver, the combination of rice husk charcoal and cotton stalk charcoal reduces the salt content and alkalinity of saline-alkali soil, the combination of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria RPB03 and Brevibacillus chinosum SM8 improves the crop emergence rate, and the combination of mannose oligosaccharide and chitinous oligosaccharide promotes crop growth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of desulfurized gypsum resource utilization technology, specifically relating to a soil conditioner that improves saline-alkali soil and promotes crop germination and growth. Background Technology

[0002] Desulfurized gypsum is an industrial byproduct generated during the "flue gas desulfurization" process carried out by coal-fired power plants and other enterprises to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions. It is produced by absorbing sulfur dioxide from flue gas with limestone slurry, followed by a series of chemical reactions, ultimately generating desulfurized gypsum with calcium sulfate dihydrate as its main component.

[0003] Desulfurized gypsum can be used as a building material, such as in the production of gypsum board, cement retarder, and plastering mortar. Desulfurized gypsum is a byproduct of flue gas desulfurization in power plants. Its quality is affected by various factors, including coal type, desulfurization process, and limestone quality, leading to significant quality differences between different manufacturers and even between different batches from the same manufacturer. Since building materials generally require relatively uniform quality, it is difficult for desulfurized gypsum to meet the required quality standards as a raw material for building materials.

[0004] The calcium ions in desulfurized gypsum can replace sodium ions in the soil, reducing soil alkalinity and improving soil structure, making it an effective material for improving saline-alkali land. Simultaneously, its rich calcium and sulfur content can provide crops with certain mineral nutrients. However, its drawbacks are also significant: First, while lowering pH, the application of desulfurized gypsum may increase the content of soluble total salts in the soil; improper application could exacerbate salinization. Second, as an industrial byproduct, the trace heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, and arsenic) carried by desulfurized gypsum pose a potential risk of long-term accumulation in the soil. Furthermore, its improvement effect is not necessarily better the larger the application rate; excessive application will not only fail to enhance the effect but will also inhibit plant growth, and long-term application may lead to a decline and resurgence of soil salinity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a soil conditioner that improves saline-alkali soil and promotes crop germination and growth.

[0006] A soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-180 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30-80 parts biochar, 20-30 parts microbial agent, 0.1-1.5 parts plant growth regulator, 1-3 parts organic acid, and 2-8 parts oligosaccharide. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of (1-3):1; the degree of polymerization of the manno-oligosaccharide is 3-7, and the degree of polymerization of the chitin-oligosaccharide is 4-6.

[0007] The biochar is one or more of rice husk charcoal, cotton stalk charcoal, and bamboo charcoal.

[0008] The bacterial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 is 1-3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 1-3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

[0009] The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03, with accession number CGMCC No: 15928, was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center; the described *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium SM8, with accession number CGMCC No: 15757, was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0010] The plant growth regulator is one or more of indoleacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, gibberellin, 6-benzylaminopurine, chlorpyrifos, brassinolide, and sodium nitrophenolate.

[0011] The organic acid is one or more of fulvic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and malic acid.

[0012] The application of the soil conditioner in improving saline-alkali soil.

[0013] The application of the soil conditioner in promoting crop germination and growth.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The soil conditioner prepared by this invention can effectively improve saline-alkali soil and promote crop germination and growth. In the soil conditioner components, the combination of rice husk charcoal and cotton straw charcoal reduces the salt content and alkalinity of saline-alkali soil; the combination of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria RPB03 and *Microbacterium sinense* SM8 improves crop emergence rate; and the combination of mannan oligosaccharides and chitin oligosaccharides promotes crop growth. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Example 1 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts rice husk charcoal, 30 parts cotton stalk charcoal, 24 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts oligosaccharides. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The degree of polymerization of both the manno-oligosaccharide and the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0016] Example 2 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts desulfurized gypsum, 35 parts bamboo charcoal, 22 parts microbial agent, 0.1 parts 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.1 parts gibberellin, 1 part oxalic acid, and 3 parts oligosaccharides. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 1 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 1x10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 1:1. The degree of polymerization of the manno-oligosaccharide is 4, and the degree of polymerization of the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0017] Example 3 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 170 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts cotton straw charcoal, 40 parts bamboo charcoal, 28 parts microbial agent, 0.8 parts chlorpyrifos, 0.4 parts brassinolide, 3 parts citric acid, and 8 parts oligosaccharides. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 3:1. The degree of polymerization of the manno-oligosaccharide is 7, and the degree of polymerization of the chitin-oligosaccharide is 6.

[0018] Comparative Example 1 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 60 parts rice husk charcoal, 24 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts oligosaccharides. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The degree of polymerization of both the manno-oligosaccharide and the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0019] Comparative Example 2 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 60 parts cotton straw charcoal, 24 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts oligosaccharides. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The degree of polymerization of both the manno-oligosaccharide and the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0020] Comparative Example 3 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts rice husk charcoal, 30 parts cotton stalk charcoal, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans The bacterial agent contains 24 parts RPB03, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts oligosaccharides. The bacterial agent contains phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 4 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans The RPB03 accession number is CGMCC No: 15928. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The degree of polymerization of both the manno-oligosaccharide and the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0021] Comparative Example 4 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts rice husk charcoal, 30 parts cotton stalk charcoal, and *Microbacterium sinense* (…). Sinomicrobium The bacterial agent contains SM824 parts, indoleacetic acid 0.2 parts, naphthaleneacetic acid 0.3 parts, fulvic acid 1 part, citric acid 1 part, and oligosaccharides 6 parts. The bacterial agent contains *Microbacterium sinense* (…). Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 4 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of 2:1. The degree of polymerization of both the manno-oligosaccharide and the chitin-oligosaccharide is 5.

[0022] Comparative Example 5 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts rice husk charcoal, 30 parts cotton stalk charcoal, 24 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts mannan oligosaccharide. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The degree of polymerization of the mannan oligosaccharide is 5.

[0023] Comparative Example 6 A soil conditioner containing desulfurized gypsum, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30 parts rice husk charcoal, 30 parts cotton stalk charcoal, 24 parts microbial agent, 0.2 parts indoleacetic acid, 0.3 parts naphthaleneacetic acid, 1 part fulvic acid, 1 part citric acid, and 6 parts chitosan oligosaccharide. The microbial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (…). Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 was 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 2 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g. The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757. The degree of polymerization of the chitosan oligosaccharide is 5.

[0024] Experimental example: (1) Pot experiments were conducted in the laboratory. The soil salinity was 2.1% and the ESP (soil alkalinity) was 44%. The soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was applied at a rate of 0.4% (equivalent to 600 kg / mu) and sprinkled on the surface of the soil in the pots and mixed well. Each treatment was replicated three times. Ten corn seeds were selected for each pot and sown. Each pot was watered with 500 ml. After 10 days, the germination rate and the reduction rate of soil salinity and ESP were measured.

[0025] Emergence rate % = Number of seedlings / 30 x 100%; Soil salinity reduction rate % = (initial soil salinity - soil salinity after 10 days) / initial soil salinity x 100%; Alkalinity reduction rate % = (Initial soil alkalinity - Soil alkalinity after 10 days) / Initial soil alkalinity x 100%; The experimental results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 24.0 software, and the results of the quantitative data were analyzed using... Mean ± standard deviation is expressed as mean ± standard deviation. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data. For normally distributed data, the t-test was used to compare the differences in means between two groups, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant. The results are shown in Table 1-2. Table 1

[0026] Note: * indicates that compared with Example 1 group, P<0.05.

[0027] Table 2

[0028] Note: * indicates that compared with Example 1 group, P<0.05.

[0029] The surface soil salinity in the experimental area (0-30cm) was 1.8% and 1.2%, respectively, and the saturation index (ESP) was 43.5% and 22.3%, respectively, classifying it as severely alkalized and moderately alkalized soil. Corn and cotton were planted there, respectively. 200 kg / mu of the desulfurized gypsum soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 5-6 was applied. After harvest, the yield per mu was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 3. Table 3

[0030] Note: * indicates that compared with Example 1 group, P<0.05.

[0031] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth, characterized in that, It is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 100-180 parts desulfurized gypsum, 30-80 parts biochar, 20-30 parts microbial agent, 0.1-1.5 parts plant growth regulator, 1-3 parts organic acid, and 2-8 parts oligosaccharide; The oligosaccharide is a mixture of manno-oligosaccharide and chitin-oligosaccharide in a mass ratio of (1-3):1; the degree of polymerization of the manno-oligosaccharide is 3-7, and the degree of polymerization of the chitin-oligosaccharide is 4-6.

2. The soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The biochar is one or more of rice husk charcoal, cotton stalk charcoal, and bamboo charcoal.

3. The soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacterial agent includes phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 and Microbacterium sinense ( Sinomicrobium SM8; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the inoculant ( Pantoea vagans The viable count of RPB03 is 1-3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Microbacterium chinense ( Sinomicrobium The viable count of SM8 is 1-3 x 10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g.

4. The soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth according to claim 3, characterized in that, The phosphate-solubilizing bacteria ( Pantoea vagans RPB03 has the accession number CGMCC No: 15928; the *Microbacterium sinense* (… Sinomicrobium The SM8 accession number is CGMCC No: 15757.

5. The soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plant growth regulator is one or more of indoleacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid, gibberellin, 6-benzylaminopurine, chlorpyrifos, brassinolide, and sodium nitrophenolate.

6. The soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali soil and promoting crop germination and growth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic acid is one or more of fulvic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, and malic acid.

7. The application of the soil conditioner according to claim 1 in improving saline-alkali soil.

8. The application of the soil conditioner according to claim 1 in promoting crop germination and growth.

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