A separation treatment system for lubricating oil

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of lubricating oil separation treatment, and particularly relates to a separation treatment system for lubricating oil. The system comprises: an oil condition sensing module, which acquires a rheological parameter representing the viscosity of the lubricating oil and a color parameter representing the degree of carbon black contamination; a heating analysis module, which determines a heating strategy according to the rheological parameter and the color parameter and heats the lubricating oil, and acquires a foaming behavior parameter and a color change parameter during the heating process; a state recognition module, which comprehensively judges the contamination type, including physical contamination mainly caused by carbon black and chemical contamination mainly caused by colloid or oxide, according to the foaming behavior parameter and the color change parameter in combination with the rheological parameter and the color parameter; and a separation treatment module, which automatically selects a physical purification or chemical heat regeneration mode for treatment according to the contamination type. The present application realizes accurate classification and branch treatment of the contamination type of the lubricating oil through dynamic acquisition and multi-parameter fusion recognition during the heating process, and avoids the problems of excessive purification or insufficient treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricating oil separation and treatment technology, and more particularly to a separation and treatment system for lubricating oil. Background Technology

[0002] In the operation of industrial equipment and power machinery, lubricating oil is subjected to high temperature, high pressure, and high shear conditions for extended periods, inevitably leading to deterioration. Taking diesel engines as an example, combustion chamber blow-by carries carbon black soot into the crankcase, while the base oil undergoes oxidation and polymerization to produce gums and asphaltenes, both of which coexist to form "black oil." Similarly, the rotor sealing oil of a rubber mixer is mixed with rubber particles and dust, and its own oxidation also produces a large amount of gum. It is evident that waste lubricating oil contains both physical contaminants, primarily carbon black and metal powder, and chemical deterioration products, mainly gums, asphaltenes, and organic acids. The relative proportions of these two components vary significantly depending on the equipment's operating conditions and maintenance level.

[0003] Existing systems employ a fixed, uniform process, failing to differentiate treatment based on contamination levels. This results in wasteful chemical treatment of oils primarily contaminated with physical pollutants, while chemically contaminated oils undergo inefficient physical treatment alone, as it fails to remove gum deposits. Offline sampling and testing are time-consuming and cannot meet immediate processing needs. The dynamic characteristics of waste lubricating oil during heating, such as foaming behavior and color changes, are intrinsically correlated with carbon black content and gum levels, but current technologies do not utilize these characteristics to identify contamination types in real time and automatically match separation paths.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN122076164A discloses an oil mist treatment device for hydropower station units, belonging to the field of oil mist treatment technology. It includes a vertical treatment box with an oil mist collection mechanism at its lower side and an oil mist filtration and recovery mechanism inside. A recovery box is located at the lower interior of the vertical treatment box, and an installation frame is located at the upper interior. An activated carbon filter plate is placed inside the installation frame. This invention, by incorporating the oil mist filtration and recovery mechanism, can fully adsorb and separate the oil mist entering the vertical treatment box, extending the oil mist flow path, improving purification efficiency, and centrally recovering the separated oil, thus achieving the recycling of lubricating oil and reducing resource consumption. Simultaneously, it can automatically monitor and adjust the internal air pressure to ensure stable and safe operation of the device. The filter and recovery components are easy to disassemble and assemble, facilitating daily maintenance and cleaning, and improving the reliability of the device.

[0005] Therefore, the existing technology has the following problems: Addressing only oil mist collection and treatment is insufficient to solve the problem of identifying and differentiating pollution types when physical and chemical contaminants coexist in waste lubricating oil. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a separation and treatment system for lubricating oil to overcome the problem that the prior art only focuses on oil mist collection and treatment, and cannot solve the problem of pollution type identification and differentiated treatment when physical and chemical pollution coexist in waste lubricating oil.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a separation and treatment system for lubricating oil, comprising: The oil condition sensing module is used to acquire rheological parameters characterizing the viscosity of the lubricating oil to be treated and color parameters characterizing the degree of carbon black contamination in the lubricating oil to be treated. A heating analysis module, used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated, includes: A heating parameter determination unit is used to determine the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The heating parameters include the heating rate, the target temperature, and the sampling temperature node. A heating unit is used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters; The monitoring and analysis unit is used to collect the foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated at each sampling temperature node during the heating process based on the heating parameters. The state recognition module is used to determine the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters, combined with the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The contamination type includes a first contamination type and a second contamination type. The separation processing module is used to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of physical purification in response to the condition that the pollution type is a first type of pollution, and to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of chemical thermal regeneration in response to the condition that the pollution type is a second type of pollution.

[0008] Further, the heating parameter determining unit determines the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The heating rate is determined based on the viscosity growth rate in the rheological parameters; the higher the viscosity growth rate, the lower the heating rate. The target temperature is determined based on the absorbance value in the color parameters; the higher the absorbance value, the higher the target temperature. The sampling temperature nodes are located within the temperature rise range from the initial temperature to the target temperature of the lubricating oil to be treated. Within the phase change temperature range of the lubricating oil to be treated, they are arranged with a first sampling interval, and outside the phase change temperature range, they are arranged with a second sampling interval. The first sampling interval is smaller than the second sampling interval.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters, wherein, The heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated from the initial temperature to the target temperature at the heating rate, and maintains a constant temperature for a preset duration at each of the sampling temperature nodes during the heating process to collect the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters.

[0010] Furthermore, the status recognition module determines the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the foam volume change rate and the absorbance value; The state recognition module determines the gel characteristic value based on the color shift and the viscosity growth rate. The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the first type of contamination in response to the carbon black characteristic value being greater than the gum characteristic value. The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the second type of contamination when the gum characteristic value is greater than the carbon black characteristic value.

[0011] Further, the state recognition module determines the characteristic value of the carbon black, wherein, The state recognition module obtains a first rate of change of the absorbance value with temperature, and a second rate of change of the foam volume change rate with temperature; The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the ratio of the first rate of change to the second rate of change.

[0012] Furthermore, when the state recognition module obtains the second rate of change, it divides the heating range into a pre-phase change segment, a phase change segment, and a post-phase change segment, using the start and end temperature nodes of the phase change temperature range as the dividing points. It then calculates the segmental rate of change of the foam volume with temperature within each of the pre-phase change segment, the phase change segment, and the post-phase change segment. Finally, it performs a weighted correction using the segmental rate of change of the phase change segment as a benchmark and the segmental rate of change of change of the pre-phase change segment and the post-phase change segment as correction factors to obtain the second rate of change.

[0013] Further, the state recognition module determines the gelatinous feature value, wherein, The state recognition module obtains the third rate of change of the chromaticity offset with temperature, and the fourth rate of change of the viscosity growth rate with temperature. The state recognition module determines the gelatinous characteristic value based on the ratio of the third rate of change to the fourth rate of change.

[0014] Furthermore, when the state recognition module obtains the fourth rate of change, it obtains the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate during the heating stage and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate during the isothermal holding stage, and uses the weighted sum of the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate as the fourth rate of change.

[0015] Furthermore, the separation processing module employs a physical purification method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein... The separation and processing module acquires the turbidity change parameters collected at the highest temperature node among the sampling temperature nodes; The separation and processing module determines the operating parameters of the physical purification method based on the turbidity change parameters. The operating parameters include centrifugation speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time.

[0016] Furthermore, the separation processing module employs a chemical thermal regeneration method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein... The separation and processing module determines the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature of the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the foaming behavior parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. The separation and processing module determines the amount of adsorbent to be added in the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the color change parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. Among them, the higher the foaming peak height in the foaming behavior parameters, the higher the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature; the greater the color change value in the color change parameters, the greater the amount of adsorbent added.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention obtains the rheological and color parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated in advance through the oil condition sensing module, so that the heating parameter determination unit can adaptively determine the heating rate and target temperature according to the viscosity and carbon black contamination level of the oil itself, avoiding the problems of uneven heating of high viscosity oil or insufficient dynamic response of highly contaminated oil caused by using fixed heating parameters; at the same time, by increasing the number of sampling nodes within the phase change temperature range and increasing the number of sampling nodes outside the phase change temperature range, it not only ensures the precise capture of foaming behavior and color change characteristics in the range of drastic changes in physical properties, but also reduces data redundancy.

[0018] Furthermore, this invention uses a state recognition module to calculate carbon black characteristic values ​​by fusing the dynamically collected foam volume change rate during heating with the initial absorbance value, and to calculate gum characteristic values ​​by fusing the color shift with the initial viscosity growth rate. Based on the comparison between the carbon black and gum characteristic values, the contamination type is determined, achieving online quantitative identification of the dominant physical and chemical contamination types in waste lubricating oil. This fusion determination mechanism does not rely on the absolute value of a single parameter, but rather utilizes the dynamic response characteristics of foaming behavior and color change to temperature during heating, combined with initial rheological and color parameters for comprehensive characterization. This makes the contamination type determination results more robust and discriminative, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by batch differences in oil, initial color depth, or additive interference, and providing accurate decision-making basis for the subsequent separation and processing module's path selection.

[0019] Furthermore, when the separation and processing module determines the oil to be of the first type of contamination, it adaptively adjusts physical purification operating parameters such as centrifuge speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time based on the turbidity change parameters collected at the highest temperature node during the heating process. This ensures that the purification intensity matches the actual content of suspended solid particles in the oil. This mechanism utilizes the characteristic that particle dispersion tends to stabilize at the final heating temperature, using turbidity change parameters as a quantitative indicator of the degree of solid contamination. This allows for on-demand adjustment of the physical purification intensity, effectively improving the treatment efficiency and operational economy of the physical purification method.

[0020] Furthermore, this invention, through a separation and processing module, determines the amount of demulsifier and demulsification temperature based on the foaming peak height collected during the heating process when the oil is identified as a second type of contamination. It also determines the amount of adsorbent based on the color change value, thus precisely matching the dosage and treatment temperature of the chemical thermal regeneration method with the degree of emulsification and gum contamination level in the oil. This mechanism utilizes the foaming peak height to reflect the content of surfactants and emulsion products in the oil, and the color change value to reflect the degree of precipitation of gum oxides and colored deterioration products. It establishes quantitative correlations between foaming behavior and demulsification requirements, and between color change and adsorption requirements, respectively. This enables on-demand delivery of demulsifier, adsorbent, and demulsification temperature, avoiding the waste of reagents caused by fixed dosing patterns for low-contamination oils and insufficient treatment for high-contamination oils, effectively reducing the operating cost of the chemical thermal regeneration method. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separation and treatment system for lubricating oil in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heating module used in the lubricating oil separation and processing system of this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart for determining the type of contamination in the lubricating oil separation and treatment system of this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separation and treatment system for lubricating oil in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heating module used in the lubricating oil separation and processing system of this embodiment.

[0025] This embodiment provides a separation and processing system for lubricating oil, including: The oil condition sensing module is used to acquire rheological parameters characterizing the viscosity of the lubricating oil to be treated and color parameters characterizing the degree of carbon black contamination in the lubricating oil to be treated. A heating analysis module, used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated, includes: A heating parameter determination unit is used to determine the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The heating parameters include the heating rate, the target temperature, and the sampling temperature node. A heating unit is used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters; The monitoring and analysis unit is used to collect the foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated at each sampling temperature node during the heating process based on the heating parameters. The state recognition module is used to determine the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters, combined with the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The contamination type includes a first contamination type and a second contamination type. The separation processing module is used to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of physical purification in response to the condition that the pollution type is a first type of pollution, and to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of chemical thermal regeneration in response to the condition that the pollution type is a second type of pollution.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the oil condition sensing module includes a rheological parameter detection unit and a color parameter detection unit. The rheological parameter detection unit uses a rotational viscometer or a capillary viscometer to place the lubricating oil to be treated in a constant-temperature measurement chamber and measure the dynamic viscosity or kinematic viscosity of the lubricating oil to obtain the rheological parameters. The rheological parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: dynamic viscosity value, kinematic viscosity value, viscosity index, and viscosity growth rate of the lubricating oil to be treated. The color parameter detection unit uses a spectrophotometer or a colorimetric sensor to place the lubricating oil to be treated in a transmission optical path and measure its absorbance value at a specific wavelength to obtain the color parameters. The color parameters include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: absorbance value of the lubricating oil at a single wavelength, the integral value or weighted average value of absorbance at multiple wavelengths, and colorimetric values.

[0027] Optionally, the rheological parameter detection unit and the color parameter detection unit are integrated in the same detection chamber, sharing a constant temperature environment, and simultaneously detecting the rheological parameters and color parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated; optionally, the oil condition sensing module adopts a portable structure or an online installation structure; when using a portable structure, a sample of the lubricating oil to be treated is obtained through a sampling port for offline detection and the detection results are input into the system; when using an online installation structure, the rheological parameter detection unit and the color parameter detection unit are set in the circulation pipeline of the lubricating oil to be treated, and continuously acquire the rheological parameters and the color parameters in real time.

[0028] Specifically, the heating parameter determining unit determines the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The heating rate is determined based on the viscosity growth rate in the rheological parameters; the higher the viscosity growth rate, the lower the heating rate. The target temperature is determined based on the absorbance value in the color parameters; the higher the absorbance value, the higher the target temperature. The sampling temperature nodes are located within the temperature rise range from the initial temperature to the target temperature of the lubricating oil to be treated. Within the phase change temperature range of the lubricating oil to be treated, they are arranged with a first sampling interval, and outside the phase change temperature range, they are arranged with a second sampling interval. The first sampling interval is smaller than the second sampling interval.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the heating parameter determination unit obtains the phase change temperature range by: retrieving the corresponding reference phase change temperature range and reference expansion step size from a preset oil phase change database according to the type of the lubricating oil to be treated; the oil type is jointly calibrated by the viscosity grade in the rheological parameters and the base oil color in the color parameters; during the heating process, the heating unit uses the center temperature of the reference phase change temperature range as the starting search center, expands step size to the low temperature side and the high temperature side, and collects the foam volume change rate and the viscosity growth rate at the temperature node corresponding to each expansion step size; The heating parameter determination unit calculates the first incremental sequence of the foam volume change rate between each expansion step and the second incremental sequence of the viscosity growth rate between each expansion step. When the absolute value of the incremental difference between two adjacent steps in the first incremental sequence exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the first incremental sequence for the first time, the temperature node corresponding to the previous expansion step in the two adjacent steps is recorded as the first candidate starting point, and the temperature node corresponding to the next expansion step is recorded as the first candidate ending point. At the same time, when the absolute value of the incremental difference between two adjacent steps in the second incremental sequence exceeds a preset multiple of the average value of the second incremental sequence for the first time, the temperature node corresponding to the previous expansion step in the two adjacent steps is recorded as the second candidate starting point, and the temperature node corresponding to the next expansion step is recorded as the second candidate ending point. The heating parameter determination unit uses the lower temperature of the first candidate starting point and the second candidate starting point as the starting temperature node of the phase change temperature range, and the higher temperature of the first candidate ending point and the second candidate ending point as the ending temperature node of the phase change temperature range; if the foam volume change rate or the viscosity growth rate does not show an incremental difference exceeding a preset multiple of the average value of their respective sequences within the reference phase change temperature range, then the reference phase change temperature range is used as the phase change temperature range.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, after obtaining the rheological parameters and color parameters from the oil condition sensing module, the heating parameter determining unit determines the heating rate and the target temperature based on the viscosity growth rate in the rheological parameters and the absorbance value in the color parameters, respectively. For the heating rate, the heating parameter determining unit compares the viscosity growth rate with a preset viscosity growth rate threshold, which is predetermined based on the reference viscosity of a new oil of the same type and the current viscosity of the lubricating oil to be treated. When the viscosity growth rate is lower than or equal to the threshold, a reference heating rate is used as the heating rate. When the viscosity growth rate is higher than the threshold, the reference heating rate is proportionally reduced according to the amount by which the viscosity growth rate exceeds the threshold; the larger the excess, the larger the reduction. The heating rate obtained after proportional reduction is used as the heating rate.

[0031] For the target temperature, the heating parameter determination unit obtains the absorbance value from the color parameters and compares the absorbance value with a preset absorbance threshold, which is predetermined based on the reference absorbance of the same type of new oil at the same wavelength. When the absorbance value is lower than or equal to the threshold, the reference target temperature is used as the target temperature. When the absorbance value is higher than the threshold, the target temperature is increased proportionally based on the amount by which the absorbance value exceeds the threshold. The larger the amount of excess, the larger the increase. The target temperature obtained after the proportional increase is used as the target temperature.

[0032] For the sampling temperature nodes, the heating parameter determination unit sets up a plurality of sampling temperature nodes within the heating range from the initial temperature to the target temperature of the lubricating oil to be treated. The heating parameter determination unit acquires the phase change temperature range of the lubricating oil to be treated, sets up the sampling temperature nodes within the phase change temperature range at a first sampling interval, and sets up the sampling temperature nodes outside the phase change temperature range at a second sampling interval, wherein the first sampling interval is smaller than the second sampling interval; wherein the first sampling interval is the ratio of the width of the phase change temperature range to a first preset sampling number, and the second sampling interval is the ratio of the width of the remaining temperature range excluding the phase change temperature range in the heating range to a second preset sampling number, wherein the first preset sampling number is greater than the second preset sampling number. Optionally, the reference heating rate and the reference target temperature are preset in the heating parameter determination unit according to the type of lubricating oil to be treated; different types of lubricating oil to be treated correspond to different reference heating rates and reference target temperatures.

[0033] This invention uses an oil condition sensing module to pre-acquire the rheological and color parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated. This allows the heating parameter determination unit to adaptively determine the heating rate and target temperature based on the oil's viscosity and carbon black contamination level. This avoids the problems of uneven heating of high-viscosity oils or insufficient dynamic response of highly contaminated oils caused by using fixed heating parameters. At the same time, by increasing the number of sampling nodes within the phase change temperature range and increasing the number of sampling nodes outside the phase change temperature range, it ensures the precise capture of foaming behavior and color change characteristics in the range of drastic changes in physical properties, while reducing data redundancy.

[0034] Specifically, the heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters, wherein, The heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated from the initial temperature to the target temperature at the heating rate, and maintains a constant temperature for a preset duration at each of the sampling temperature nodes during the heating process to collect the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the heating unit receives the heating rate, the target temperature, and the sampling temperature nodes output by the heating parameter determination unit, and heats the lubricating oil to be treated from the initial temperature to the target temperature at the heating rate. During the heating process, when the temperature of the lubricating oil to be treated reaches any of the sampling temperature nodes, the heating unit maintains a constant temperature at that sampling temperature node for a preset duration. The preset duration is configured to provide a time window at each sampling temperature node sufficient for the foaming behavior and color change of the lubricating oil to reach a stable state, so that the monitoring and analysis unit can collect the foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters at that temperature node. Optionally, the preset duration is determined according to the type of lubricating oil to be treated and the heating rate. Different types of lubricating oil to be treated correspond to different preset durations. The higher the heating rate, the longer the corresponding preset duration, in order to balance the heating rate and the time required for constant temperature stabilization.

[0036] Within the preset time period, the monitoring and analysis unit collects the foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated at the current sampling temperature node. After the collection is completed, the heating unit continues to heat up to the next sampling temperature node at the heating rate, and repeats the above-mentioned isothermal and collection steps until the target temperature is reached, and completes the final collection at the target temperature.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a flowchart for determining the type of contamination in the lubricating oil separation and treatment system of this embodiment.

[0038] Specifically, the status recognition module determines the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the foam volume change rate and the absorbance value; The state recognition module determines the gel characteristic value based on the color shift and the viscosity growth rate. The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the first type of contamination in response to the carbon black characteristic value being greater than the gum characteristic value. The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the second type of contamination when the gum characteristic value is greater than the carbon black characteristic value.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the state recognition module obtains the foam volume change rate and color shift of the lubricating oil to be treated at each sampling temperature node from the monitoring and analysis unit, and obtains the absorbance value and viscosity growth rate from the oil condition sensing module. For the carbon black characteristic value, the state recognition module fuses the foam volume change rate and absorbance value at each sampling temperature node to calculate: obtaining a first rate of change of the absorbance value with temperature and a second rate of change of the foam volume change rate with temperature, and determining the carbon black characteristic value based on the ratio of the first rate of change to the second rate of change. The first rate of change reflects the degree of response of carbon black and dark-colored substances in the oil to temperature increases; the second rate of change reflects the sensitivity of bubble behavior to temperature changes during heating. Carbon black particles can act as nucleation sites for bubbles during heating, promoting bubble generation. Therefore, the ratio between the foam volume change rate and the absorbance value can comprehensively characterize the contribution of carbon black to foaming behavior, thereby quantifying the carbon black contamination level in the oil.

[0040] For the gum characteristic value, the state recognition module fuses the chromaticity shift and viscosity growth rate at each sampling temperature node to calculate: obtaining the third rate of change of the chromaticity shift with temperature and the fourth rate of change of the viscosity growth rate with temperature, and determining the gum characteristic value based on the ratio of the third rate of change to the fourth rate of change. The third rate of change reflects the degree of color deepening caused by the precipitation or aggregation of gum oxides in the oil as temperature increases; the fourth rate of change reflects the temperature sensitivity of the oil viscosity during heating. Gum oxides change the interfacial properties of the oil during heating, thus affecting the color response. Therefore, the ratio between the chromaticity shift and the viscosity growth rate can comprehensively characterize the contribution of gum to color change and flow characteristics, thereby quantifying the level of gum contamination in the oil.

[0041] After obtaining the carbon black characteristic value and the gum characteristic value, the status recognition module compares the two: if the carbon black characteristic value is greater than the gum characteristic value, it indicates that physical contamination, mainly solid particles such as carbon black and metal powder, dominates the lubricating oil to be treated, and is determined to be the first type of contamination; if the gum characteristic value is greater than the carbon black characteristic value, it indicates that chemical contamination, mainly oxidative degradation products such as gum, asphaltene, and organic acids, dominates the lubricating oil to be treated, and is determined to be the second type of contamination. Optionally, if the carbon black characteristic value is equal to the gum characteristic value, a warning message is issued to prompt the user for manual confirmation.

[0042] This invention uses a state recognition module to calculate carbon black characteristic values ​​by fusing the dynamically acquired foam volume change rate during heating with the initial absorbance value, and to calculate gum characteristic values ​​by fusing the color shift with the initial viscosity growth rate. Based on the comparison between the carbon black and gum characteristic values, the contamination type is determined, achieving online quantitative identification of the dominant physical and chemical contamination types in waste lubricating oil. This fusion determination mechanism does not rely on the absolute value of a single parameter, but rather utilizes the dynamic response characteristics of foaming behavior and color change to temperature during heating, combined with initial rheological and color parameters for comprehensive characterization. This makes the contamination type determination results more robust and discriminative, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by batch differences in oil, initial color depth, or additive interference, and providing accurate decision-making basis for the subsequent separation and processing module's path selection.

[0043] Specifically, the state recognition module determines the characteristic value of the carbon black, wherein, The state recognition module obtains a first rate of change of the absorbance value with temperature, and a second rate of change of the foam volume change rate with temperature; The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the ratio of the first rate of change to the second rate of change.

[0044] Specifically, when the state recognition module obtains the second rate of change, it divides the heating range into a pre-phase change segment, a phase change segment, and a post-phase change segment, using the start and end temperature nodes of the phase change temperature range as the dividing points. It then calculates the segmental rate of change of the foam volume with temperature within each of the pre-phase change segment, the phase change segment, and the post-phase change segment. Finally, it performs a weighted correction using the segmental rate of change of the phase change segment as a benchmark and the segmental rate of change of change of the pre-phase change segment and the post-phase change segment as correction factors to obtain the second rate of change.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the state recognition module obtains the foam volume change rate at each sampling temperature node from the monitoring and analysis unit, and obtains the absorbance value from the oil condition sensing module. The state recognition module obtains a first rate of change of the absorbance value with temperature and a second rate of change of the foam volume change rate with temperature, and determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the ratio of the first rate of change to the second rate of change. For obtaining the second rate of change, the state recognition module divides the heating range into a pre-phase change segment, a phase change segment, and a post-phase change segment, using the starting and ending temperature nodes of the phase change temperature range as boundary points. The phase change temperature range is the temperature range within which the lubricating oil to be treated undergoes a phase change or abrupt change in physical properties during heating. The pre-phase change segment is the temperature segment within the heating range that is lower than the starting temperature node of the phase change temperature range. The phase change segment is the temperature segment within the heating range from the starting temperature node to the ending temperature node. The post-phase change segment is the temperature segment within the heating range that is higher than the ending temperature node of the phase change temperature range.

[0046] The state recognition module calculates the segmental change rate of the foam volume change rate as a function of temperature in the pre-phase change segment, the phase change segment, and the post-phase change segment, respectively. Specifically, within each segment, the foam volume change rate at the starting and ending temperature nodes of that segment is obtained, and the ratio of the difference between the two to the temperature width of that segment is calculated as the segmental change rate of that segment. The state recognition module uses the segmental change rate of the phase change segment as a benchmark, and uses the segmental change rates of the pre-phase change segment and the post-phase change segment as correction factors to perform a weighted correction on the benchmark to obtain the second change rate. Optionally, the weighting coefficient of the weighting correction is determined according to the proportion of the temperature width of each segment to the total temperature width of the heating range; or, the weighting coefficient is a preset fixed value, and the weighting coefficient of the phase change segment is greater than the weighting coefficients of the pre-phase change segment and the post-phase change segment.

[0047] The principle is as follows: the changes in oil properties are most drastic within the phase change temperature range, and the foam volume change rate is most sensitive to temperature. The change rate in this range best reflects the contribution of carbon black particles as bubble nucleation sites, and therefore serves as the benchmark. The change rates in the pre-phase change and post-phase change ranges respectively reflect the background change trends of foam behavior in the low-temperature and high-temperature ranges. These are used as correction factors to correct the benchmark, eliminating interference from the basic foaming characteristics of the oil or high-temperature pyrolysis foaming, making the final obtained second change rate more accurately reflect the true contribution of carbon black contamination to foaming behavior. After obtaining the first and second change rates, the state recognition module calculates the ratio of the first and second change rates, using this ratio as the carbon black characteristic value. The larger the carbon black characteristic value, the higher the carbon black particle content in the lubricating oil to be treated, and the more severe the physical contamination.

[0048] Specifically, the state recognition module determines the gelatinous feature value, wherein, The state recognition module obtains the third rate of change of the chromaticity offset with temperature, and the fourth rate of change of the viscosity growth rate with temperature. The state recognition module determines the gelatinous characteristic value based on the ratio of the third rate of change to the fourth rate of change.

[0049] Specifically, when the state recognition module obtains the fourth rate of change, it obtains the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate during the heating stage and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate during the isothermal holding stage, and uses the weighted sum of the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate as the fourth rate of change.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, the state recognition module obtains the chromaticity shift at each sampling temperature node from the monitoring and analysis unit, and obtains the viscosity growth rate from the oil condition sensing module. The state recognition module obtains a third rate of change of the chromaticity shift with temperature and a fourth rate of change of the viscosity growth rate with temperature, and determines the colloidal characteristic value based on the ratio of the third rate of change to the fourth rate of change. For obtaining the fourth rate of change, the state recognition module obtains a first rate of change of the viscosity growth rate during the heating phase and a relaxation rate of change of the viscosity growth rate during the isothermal holding phase, and uses the weighted sum of the first rate of change of temperature and the relaxation rate of change as the fourth rate of change.

[0051] Specifically, the heating stage is the stage in which the heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated from the current sampling temperature node to the next sampling temperature node at the heating rate. The state recognition module obtains the viscosity growth rate at the start and end temperature nodes of the heating stage, calculates the ratio of the difference between the two to the temperature span of the heating stage, and uses this as the first heating change rate. The first heating change rate reflects the dynamic response characteristics of the oil viscosity with temperature during continuous heating, reflecting the contribution of molecular conformational changes of colloids and polymers to viscosity under the action of the temperature field. The isothermal holding stage is a preset duration stage in which the heating unit maintains a constant temperature at the sampling temperature node. The state recognition module obtains the viscosity growth rate at the start and end of the isothermal holding stage, calculates the ratio of the difference between the two to the preset duration, and uses this as the relaxation change rate. The relaxation change rate reflects the viscosity change caused by relaxation processes such as conformational rearrangement, entanglement dissociation, or aggregate depolymerization of colloid molecular chain segments in the oil under isothermal conditions, reflecting the structural relaxation characteristics of colloids in thermal equilibrium.

[0052] The state recognition module uses the weighted sum of the first temperature change rate and the relaxation change rate as the fourth change rate. Optionally, the weighting coefficients of the first temperature change rate and the relaxation change rate are preset in the state recognition module according to the type of lubricating oil to be treated; different types of lubricating oil to be treated correspond to different weighting coefficients. For oils mainly composed of gum, the weighting coefficient of the relaxation change rate is greater than the weighting coefficient of the first temperature change rate. The principle is that the contribution of gum to viscosity is not only reflected in the temperature change response during the heating process, but also in the viscosity decay caused by molecular relaxation during the isothermal holding process. Using only the temperature change rate will underestimate the actual impact of gum on viscosity, while using only the relaxation change rate will ignore the dynamic response during the heating process. By weighting and integrating the two, the comprehensive contribution of gum to the viscosity characteristics of the oil can be more comprehensively reflected, improving the characterization accuracy of the fourth change rate, and thus improving the accuracy of the final gum characteristic value. After obtaining the third and fourth rates of change, the state recognition module calculates the ratio of the third to the fourth rate of change, and uses this ratio as the gum characteristic value. A larger gum characteristic value indicates a higher content of oxidative degradation products such as gums and asphaltene in the lubricating oil to be treated, and a more severe degree of chemical contamination.

[0053] Specifically, the separation module uses a physical purification method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated. The separation and processing module acquires the turbidity change parameters collected at the highest temperature node among the sampling temperature nodes; The separation and processing module determines the operating parameters of the physical purification method based on the turbidity change parameters. The operating parameters include centrifugation speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, when the state identification module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is of the first type of contamination, the separation and processing module initiates a physical purification method. The separation and processing module obtains turbidity change parameters collected at the highest temperature node among the sampling temperature nodes from the monitoring and analysis unit. These turbidity change parameters are obtained by measuring transmitted or scattered light on the lubricating oil to be treated at the highest temperature node, and are used to characterize the content of suspended solid particles in the lubricating oil. The separation and processing module determines the operating parameters of the physical purification method based on the turbidity change parameters. These operating parameters include centrifugal speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time. A higher turbidity change parameter indicates a higher content of suspended solid particles in the lubricating oil to be treated, and the separation and processing module accordingly sets higher centrifugal speed, higher filtration accuracy, and longer settling time.

[0055] Optionally, the separation and processing module determines the operating parameters based on the turbidity change parameters, specifically including: the separation and processing module compares the turbidity change parameters with a preset turbidity threshold; when the turbidity change parameters are lower than or equal to the turbidity threshold, the operating parameters are based on a reference centrifugal speed, a reference filtration accuracy, and a reference settling time; when the turbidity change parameters are higher than the turbidity threshold, the parameters are adjusted proportionally based on the amount by which the turbidity change parameters exceed the turbidity threshold, proportionally increased based on the reference centrifugal speed, proportionally increased based on the reference filtration accuracy, and proportionally extended based on the reference settling time, with the larger the excess, the larger the adjustment. The turbidity threshold is predetermined based on the reference turbidity value of new oil of the same type at the same temperature node. Specifically, a sample of unused new oil of the same type is obtained, heated at the highest temperature node, and turbidity change parameters are collected. The collected turbidity change parameters are used as the reference turbidity value, and the reference turbidity value is multiplied by a preset turbidity tolerance coefficient to obtain the turbidity threshold. Optionally, the turbidity tolerance coefficient is preset in the separation and treatment module according to the type of equipment and the degree of contamination tolerance of the lubricating oil to be treated.

[0056] The principle is that during the heating process, the dispersed state of suspended solid particles tends to stabilize at high temperatures, and the turbidity change parameter at the highest temperature node best reflects the true content of solid particles in the lubricating oil to be treated. Adjusting the operating parameters of physical purification based on this parameter allows for on-demand adjustment of the purification intensity, avoiding the waste of energy caused by excessive separation of low-turbidity oil or the need for repeated treatment of high-turbidity oil due to incomplete separation of low-turbidity oil caused by fixed operating parameters.

[0057] This invention, through its separation and processing module, adaptively adjusts physical purification operating parameters such as centrifuge speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time based on turbidity changes collected at the highest temperature point during the heating process when the oil is identified as having the first type of contamination. This ensures that the purification intensity matches the actual content of suspended solid particles in the oil. This mechanism utilizes the characteristic that particle dispersion tends to stabilize at the final heating temperature, using turbidity changes as a quantitative indicator of the degree of solid contamination. This allows for on-demand adjustment of physical purification intensity, effectively improving the treatment efficiency and operational economy of physical purification methods.

[0058] Specifically, the separation module uses a chemical thermal regeneration method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein... The separation and processing module determines the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature of the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the foaming behavior parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. The separation and processing module determines the amount of adsorbent to be added in the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the color change parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. Among them, the higher the foaming peak height in the foaming behavior parameters, the higher the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature; the greater the color change value in the color change parameters, the greater the amount of adsorbent added.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, when the state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is of the second contamination type, the separation and processing module initiates a chemical thermal regeneration method. The separation and processing module obtains foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters at each sampling temperature node from the monitoring and analysis unit. Regarding the determination of the demulsifier addition amount and demulsification temperature, the separation and processing module sets the demulsifier addition amount and the demulsification temperature based on the foaming peak height in the foaming behavior parameters. The foaming peak height is the maximum height of the foam layer in the foaming behavior parameters at each sampling temperature node during the heating process of the lubricating oil to be treated. A higher foaming peak height indicates a higher content of emulsifier, surfactants, or colloidal oxides in the lubricating oil to be treated, a more severe degree of emulsification, and consequently, a larger demulsifier addition amount and a higher demulsification temperature set by the separation and processing module.

[0060] Optionally, the separation processing module determines the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature based on the foaming peak height, specifically including: the separation processing module comparing the foaming peak height with a preset foaming threshold; when the foaming peak height is lower than or equal to the foaming threshold, using a benchmark demulsifier addition amount and a benchmark demulsification temperature as the demulsifier addition amount and the demulsification temperature; when the foaming peak height is higher than the foaming threshold, based on the amount by which the foaming peak height exceeds the foaming threshold, proportionally increasing the amount of demulsifier added and proportionally increasing the benchmark demulsification temperature, the larger the amount of excess, the larger the increase and the larger the increase.

[0061] Optionally, the foaming threshold is predetermined based on the benchmark foaming peak height of the same type of new oil under the same heating conditions, and the benchmark foaming peak height is multiplied by a preset foaming tolerance coefficient to obtain the foaming threshold.

[0062] To determine the amount of adsorbent to be added, the separation and processing module sets the amount of adsorbent to be added based on the chromaticity change value in the color change parameters. The chromaticity change value is the difference between the chromaticity value of the lubricating oil to be treated at the target temperature and the initial chromaticity value during the heating process, or the difference between the maximum chromaticity value and the initial chromaticity value at each sampling temperature node. The larger the chromaticity change value, the higher the content of colored deterioration products such as gums, oxides, and asphaltenes in the lubricating oil to be treated, and the larger the amount of adsorbent to be added set by the separation and processing module accordingly. Optionally, the separation and processing module determines the amount of adsorbent to be added based on the chromaticity change value, specifically including: the separation and processing module compares the chromaticity change value with a preset chromaticity threshold; when the chromaticity change value is lower than or equal to the chromaticity threshold, a baseline adsorbent addition amount is used as the amount of adsorbent to be added; when the chromaticity change value is higher than the chromaticity threshold, the amount of adsorbent to be added is increased proportionally based on the amount by which the chromaticity change value exceeds the chromaticity threshold, and the larger the amount of excess, the larger the increase. Optionally, the color threshold is predetermined based on the reference color change value of new oil of the same type under the same heating conditions, and the reference color change value is multiplied by a preset color tolerance coefficient to obtain the color threshold.

[0063] The principle is as follows: the peak foaming height reflects the content of surface-active substances and emulsion products in the oil. The presence of these substances directly affects the stability of oil-water emulsion. The role of the demulsifier is to break down the oil-water interface film; the more severe the emulsification, the higher the required demulsifier dosage and temperature. The color change value reflects the degree of precipitation or aggregation of colloidal oxides and colored deterioration products during heating. These substances need to be removed by adsorption; the more significant the color change, the greater the amount of adsorbent required. Through the above mechanism, the dosage of reagents and the treatment temperature in the chemical thermal regeneration method are precisely matched on demand, avoiding the problems of reagent waste or insufficient treatment caused by fixed dosage.

[0064] This invention, through a separation and processing module, determines the amount of demulsifier and demulsification temperature based on the foaming peak height collected during the heating process when the oil is identified as a second type of contamination. It also determines the amount of adsorbent based on the color change value, thus precisely matching the dosage and treatment temperature of the chemical thermal regeneration method with the degree of emulsification and gum contamination level in the oil. This mechanism utilizes the foaming peak height to reflect the content of surfactants and emulsion products in the oil, and the color change value to reflect the precipitation degree of gum oxides and colored degradation products. It establishes quantitative correlations between foaming behavior and demulsification requirements, and between color change and adsorption requirements, respectively. This enables on-demand delivery of demulsifier, adsorbent, and demulsification temperature, avoiding the waste of reagents caused by fixed dosing patterns for low-contamination oils and the insufficient treatment of high-contamination oils, effectively reducing the operating cost of the chemical thermal regeneration method.

[0065] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A separation and processing system for lubricating oil, characterized in that, include: The oil condition sensing module is used to acquire rheological parameters characterizing the viscosity of the lubricating oil to be treated and color parameters characterizing the degree of carbon black contamination in the lubricating oil to be treated. A heating analysis module, used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated, includes: A heating parameter determination unit is used to determine the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The heating parameters include the heating rate, the target temperature, and the sampling temperature node. A heating unit is used to heat the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters; The monitoring and analysis unit is used to collect the foaming behavior parameters and color change parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated at each sampling temperature node during the heating process based on the heating parameters. The state recognition module is used to determine the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated based on the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters, combined with the rheological parameters and the color parameters. The contamination type includes a first contamination type and a second contamination type. The separation processing module is used to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of physical purification in response to the condition that the pollution type is a first type of pollution, and to separate the lubricating oil to be treated by means of chemical thermal regeneration in response to the condition that the pollution type is a second type of pollution.

2. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating parameter determining unit determines the heating parameters of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The heating rate is determined based on the viscosity growth rate in the rheological parameters; the higher the viscosity growth rate, the lower the heating rate. The target temperature is determined based on the absorbance value in the color parameters; the higher the absorbance value, the higher the target temperature. The sampling temperature nodes are located within the temperature rise range from the initial temperature to the target temperature of the lubricating oil to be treated. Within the phase change temperature range of the lubricating oil to be treated, they are arranged with a first sampling interval, and outside the phase change temperature range, they are arranged with a second sampling interval. The first sampling interval is smaller than the second sampling interval.

3. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated based on the heating parameters, wherein... The heating unit heats the lubricating oil to be treated from the initial temperature to the target temperature at the heating rate, and maintains a constant temperature for a preset duration at each of the sampling temperature nodes during the heating process to collect the foaming behavior parameters and the color change parameters.

4. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status recognition module determines the contamination type of the lubricating oil to be treated, wherein, The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the foam volume change rate in the foaming behavior parameter and the absorbance value in the color parameter; The state recognition module determines the gel characteristic value based on the chromaticity shift in the color change parameters and the viscosity growth rate in the rheological parameters; The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the first type of contamination in response to the carbon black characteristic value being greater than the gum characteristic value. The state recognition module determines that the lubricating oil to be treated is the second type of contamination when the gum characteristic value is greater than the carbon black characteristic value.

5. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The state recognition module determines the characteristic value of the carbon black, wherein, The state recognition module obtains a first rate of change of the absorbance value with temperature, and a second rate of change of the foam volume change rate with temperature; The state recognition module determines the carbon black characteristic value based on the ratio of the first rate of change to the second rate of change.

6. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the state recognition module obtains the second rate of change, it divides the heating range into a pre-phase change segment, a phase change segment, and a post-phase change segment, using the start and end temperature nodes of the phase change temperature range as the dividing points. It then calculates the segmental rate of change of the foam volume with temperature in the pre-phase change segment, the phase change segment, and the post-phase change segment, respectively. Finally, it performs a weighted correction using the segmental rate of change of the phase change segment as the benchmark and the segmental rate of change of the pre-phase change segment and the post-phase change segment as correction factors to obtain the second rate of change.

7. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The state recognition module determines the gelatinous feature value, wherein... The state recognition module obtains the third rate of change of the chromaticity offset with temperature, and the fourth rate of change of the viscosity growth rate with temperature. The state recognition module determines the gelatinous characteristic value based on the ratio of the third rate of change to the fourth rate of change.

8. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the state recognition module obtains the fourth rate of change, it obtains the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate during the heating stage and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate during the isothermal holding stage, and uses the weighted sum of the first rate of change of viscosity growth rate and the relaxation rate of viscosity growth rate as the fourth rate of change.

9. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation module uses a physical purification method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated. The separation and processing module acquires the turbidity change parameters collected at the highest temperature node among the sampling temperature nodes; The separation and processing module determines the operating parameters of the physical purification method based on the turbidity change parameters. The operating parameters include centrifugation speed, filtration accuracy, and settling time.

10. The separation and processing system for lubricating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation module uses a chemical thermal regeneration method to separate the lubricating oil to be treated. The separation and processing module determines the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature of the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the foaming behavior parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. The separation and processing module determines the amount of adsorbent to be added in the chemical thermal regeneration method based on the color change parameters collected by the monitoring and analysis unit. Among them, the higher the foaming peak height in the foaming behavior parameters, the higher the amount of demulsifier added and the demulsification temperature; the greater the color change value in the color change parameters, the greater the amount of adsorbent added.

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