Kitchen garbage biogas generating device

Abstract

The application discloses a kitchen garbage biogas generating device and relates to the field of kitchen garbage treatment. The kitchen garbage biogas generating device comprises a fermentation tank body, an anaerobic fermentation cavity is formed in the fermentation tank body for containing kitchen garbage fermentation liquid and anaerobic microbial flora; a rotary split-cavity type sealing feeding assembly is arranged on the upper side of the fermentation tank body and is used for feeding kitchen garbage materials into the anaerobic fermentation cavity; a gas-liquid isolation gas collecting assembly is arranged on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation cavity and is used for collecting methane-containing fermentation gas generated in the process of anaerobic fermentation of the kitchen garbage; a gas-liquid separation assembly is in communication with the gas-liquid isolation gas collecting assembly and is used for separating liquid droplets, foam and condensed water entrained in the methane-containing fermentation gas; and a pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly is in communication with the gas-liquid separation assembly and is used for buffering and storing the methane-containing fermentation gas after gas-liquid separation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of kitchen waste treatment technology, specifically to a kitchen waste biogas generator. Background Technology

[0002] Kitchen waste typically contains a high proportion of moisture, grease, and easily degradable organic matter. Direct dumping or prolonged centralized collection can easily lead to odors, leachate, and secondary pollution. Anaerobic fermentation technology, through the action of anaerobic microorganisms, can convert the organic components of kitchen waste into methane-containing gas, thereby achieving waste reduction and resource recovery. For communities, canteens, farmers' markets, or scattered residential areas, miniaturized, on-site anaerobic fermentation gas-generating equipment for kitchen waste has significant application value. This equipment typically includes a feeding structure, a fermentation container, a gas extraction structure, and a gas storage or utilization structure to complete the processes of kitchen waste feeding, anaerobic fermentation, and fermentation gas collection.

[0003] Existing anaerobic digestion equipment for kitchen waste typically requires intermittent or multiple feedings depending on the amount of waste generated. However, the feeding process can easily allow external air to enter the fermentation space, affecting the stable fermentation environment for anaerobic microorganisms. Simultaneously, the high water content in the fermentation liquid of kitchen waste can generate foam, droplets, and condensate during fermentation. During the extraction of fermentation gases, liquid can easily be carried into subsequent pipelines or gas storage components, leading to unstable gas collection. Furthermore, the gas production rate of anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste varies with the material state, fermentation stage, and ambient temperature. Pressure fluctuations also occur in the downstream gas storage or usage. If the feeding process and gas collection are independent, feeding may continue even when the gas collection pressure increases, further increasing the risk of liquid surface disturbance, foam surging, and liquid entrainment in the gas path within the fermentation chamber.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a biogas generator for kitchen waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biogas generator for kitchen waste, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section. To achieve the above objective, this invention provides the following technical solution: a biogas generator for kitchen waste, comprising: The fermentation tank contains an anaerobic fermentation chamber for containing the fermentation liquid of kitchen waste and anaerobic microbial flora. A rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly is disposed on the upper side of the fermentation tank and is used to feed kitchen waste material into the anaerobic fermentation chamber. A gas-liquid isolation gas collection component is provided at the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber to collect methane-containing fermentation gases generated during the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste. A gas-liquid separation component, which is connected to a gas-liquid isolation gas collection component, is used to separate liquid droplets, foam and condensate entrained in methane-containing fermentation gas; A pressure-stabilizing gas storage component, which is connected to a gas-liquid separation component, is used to buffer and store the methane-containing fermentation gas after gas-liquid separation. A pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission assembly is connected to a pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly and a rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly, respectively, and is used to adjust the feeding speed of the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly according to the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly. The rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly includes a normally open feeding cylinder, a horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder, a four-chamber rotor, a drive device, and a feeding pipe. The normally open feeding cylinder is located on the upper side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder and communicates with it. The feeding pipe is located on the lower side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder and communicates with the anaerobic fermentation chamber. The four-chamber rotor is rotatably disposed inside the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder. The drive device is used to drive the four-chamber rotor to rotate. The pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission (CVT) assembly includes a pressure feedback push cylinder, a driving conical pulley, a driven conical pulley, a transmission belt, and a U-shaped belt shifting fork. The driving conical pulley is connected to the output shaft of the drive device, and the driven conical pulley is connected to the shaft of the four-cavity rotor. The taper directions of the driving and driven conical pulleys are opposite. The transmission belt is sleeved between the driving and driven conical pulleys. The pressure feedback push cylinder is connected to the pressure stabilizing and gas storage assembly. The U-shaped belt shifting fork is connected to the output end of the pressure feedback push cylinder and can drive the transmission belt to move axially along the driving and driven conical pulleys under the drive of the pressure feedback push cylinder, thereby adjusting the speed of the four-cavity rotor.

[0006] Preferably, the four-cavity rotor includes a rotating shaft, a partition plate, an end face sealing disc, and a partition plate end sealing strip; The rotating shaft is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder. There are four sets of partitions, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the rotating shaft. A material receiving cavity is formed between two adjacent sets of partitions and the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder. The end face sealing disc is disposed at both ends of the partition plate along the axial direction and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The end sealing strip of the partition plate is disposed at the end of the partition plate away from the rotating shaft and cooperates with the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealing feeding cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder is provided with an upper connecting port that communicates with the normally open feeding cylinder, and the bottom of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder is provided with a lower connecting port that communicates with the feeding pipe. The opening angles of the upper and lower connecting ports in the circumferential direction of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder are both smaller than the included angle between the two adjacent sets of partitions, so that during the rotation of the four-cavity rotor, a continuous straight channel is not formed between the normally open feeding cylinder and the feeding pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the gas-liquid isolation gas collection assembly includes a gas collection hood, an annular lower skirt, and a gas collection outlet; The gas collection hood is located on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber. The annular lower skirt extends downward from the outer edge of the gas collection hood and is used to extend below the liquid surface of the kitchen waste fermentation liquid to form a liquid-sealed gas collection space inside the gas collection hood. The gas collection outlet is located on the upper part of the gas collection hood and is connected to the gas-liquid separation component.

[0009] Preferably, the gas-liquid separation assembly includes a separation cylinder, a tangential air inlet, a condensate return pipe, and an air outlet pipe; The tangential air inlet is located on the side wall of the separator cylinder and is connected to the gas collection outlet; The gas outlet pipe is located at the top of the separator cylinder and is connected to the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component. The condensate return pipe is located at the bottom of the separation cylinder and is connected to the anaerobic fermentation chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly includes a flexible gas storage bag, a gas storage shell, an elastic pressure plate, a guide, a pressure-stabilizing spring, a gas outlet connector, and a pressure outlet pipe; The flexible gas storage bag is disposed inside the gas storage shell; The elastic pressure plate is disposed on the outside of the flexible gas storage bag, the guide is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the elastic pressure plate, the guide is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas storage shell, and the pressure stabilizing spring is disposed between the elastic pressure plate and the gas storage shell to apply elastic pressure to the flexible gas storage bag. The air outlet connector is connected to the flexible air storage bag, and the pressure outlet pipe is connected to the flexible air storage bag and the pressure feedback push cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure feedback push cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston, a piston rod, a return spring, and a pressure inlet pipe; The pressure inlet pipe is connected to the pressure outlet pipe, the piston is slidably disposed in the cylinder body, the piston rod is connected to the piston and extends out of the cylinder body, and the return spring is disposed in the cylinder body to drive the piston rod to return to its original position when the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly decreases. The piston rod end is fixedly connected to a U-shaped belt shifting fork, and guide rollers are provided on both sides of the U-shaped belt shifting fork, with the conveyor belt passing between the guide rollers.

[0012] This invention has at least the following beneficial effects: There is a linkage between the food waste feeding process and the fermentation gas collection status. When the gas pressure in the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component is low, the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding component can feed at a relatively fast speed; when the gas pressure in the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component increases, the pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission component reduces the feeding speed of the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding component, thereby reducing the disturbance to the liquid surface, foam and gas collection pressure in the anaerobic fermentation chamber caused by continued feeding, which is conducive to improving the stability of fermentation gas collection. The rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly reduces the possibility of a continuous direct airflow between the normally open feeding hopper and the anaerobic fermentation chamber, even when users are constantly pouring kitchen waste into it. Compared to feeding directly through a vertical feeding pipe, the four-chamber rotor can separate and transport kitchen waste materials during rotation, creating an intermittent connection between the top feeding area and the lower feeding pipe. This helps reduce the risk of external air directly entering the anaerobic fermentation chamber along the feeding path, thus helping to maintain the anaerobic fermentation environment. By adjusting the position of the conveyor belt on the active and driven conical pulleys using a pressure feedback cylinder, the four-chamber rotor can achieve stepless or near-stepless speed regulation in response to changes in the gas pressure within the pressure-stabilized gas storage assembly. When the pressure within the assembly is low, the four-chamber rotor rotates at a relatively high speed, allowing kitchen waste to enter the anaerobic fermentation chamber more quickly. Conversely, when the pressure increases, the rotor speed decreases, and the feed rate decreases accordingly. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feed pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the normally open feeding cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission component of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the gas storage shell structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder block structure of the present invention.

[0014] In the diagram: 10. Fermentation tank; 11. Anaerobic fermentation chamber; 20. Rotary split-chamber sealed feeding assembly; 21. Normally open feeding cylinder; 22. Horizontal sealed feeding cylinder; 23. Four-chamber rotor; 24. Drive unit; 25. Feed pipe; 30. Gas-liquid isolation gas collection assembly; 31. Gas collection hood; 32. Annular lower skirt; 33. Gas collection outlet; 40. Gas-liquid separation assembly; 41. Separation cylinder; 42. Tangential air inlet; 44. Condensate return pipe; 47. Gas outlet pipe; 50. Pressure-stabilized gas storage assembly; 51. Flexible gas storage bag; 52. Gas storage shell; 53. 54. Elastic pressure plate; 55. Guide component; 56. Pressure stabilizing spring; 57. Air outlet connector; 58. Pressure outlet pipe; 69. Pressure feedback push-cylinder type continuously variable transmission assembly; 60. Pressure feedback push cylinder; 61. Driving conical pulley; 62. Driven conical pulley; 63. Transmission belt; 64. U-shaped belt shifting fork; 231. Rotating shaft; 232. Partition plate; 233. End face sealing disc; 234. Partition plate end sealing strip; 611. Cylinder body; 612. Piston; 613. Piston rod; 614. Return spring; 615. Pressure inlet pipe; 651. Guide roller. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a biogas generator for kitchen waste, comprising: Fermentation tank 10, wherein an anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 is formed inside the fermentation tank 10 for containing the fermentation liquid of kitchen waste and anaerobic microbial community; A rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly 20 is disposed on the upper side of the fermentation tank 10 and is used to feed kitchen waste material into the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11. Gas-liquid isolation gas collection component 30, which is disposed on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11, is used to collect methane-containing fermentation gas generated during the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste. A gas-liquid separation component 40 is connected to a gas-liquid isolation gas collection component 30 and is used to separate liquid droplets, foam and condensate entrained in methane-containing fermentation gas. A pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50 is connected to a gas-liquid separation component 40 and is used to buffer and store the methane-containing fermentation gas after gas-liquid separation. A pressure feedback push-cylinder type continuously variable transmission assembly 60 is connected to a pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 and a rotary chamber type sealed feed assembly 20 respectively, and is used to adjust the feed speed of the rotary chamber type sealed feed assembly 20 according to the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly 50. It should be noted that the kitchen waste material enters the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 inside the fermentation tank 10 through the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly 20. The kitchen waste fermentation liquid in the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 undergoes anaerobic fermentation under the action of anaerobic microorganisms, producing methane-containing fermentation gas. The fermentation gas is first collected by the gas-liquid isolation gas collection assembly 30 located at the top of the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11, and then enters the gas-liquid separation assembly 40, where droplets, foam, and condensate entrained in the gas are separated. The methane-containing fermentation gas after gas-liquid separation enters the pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 for buffer storage. The gas pressure in the pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 is then transmitted to the pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission assembly 60, which adjusts the feeding speed of the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly 20 according to changes in gas pressure. It is worth noting that this device does not simply feed kitchen waste into the fermentation tank 10 through a regular feed pipe, nor does it simply export biogas through a single gas pipeline. Instead, it combines rotary chamber sealed feeding, gas-liquid isolation gas collection, gas-liquid separation, pressure stabilization and gas storage, and pressure feedback speed regulation feeding. This creates a linkage between the kitchen waste feeding process and the fermentation gas collection status. When the gas pressure in the pressure stabilization and gas storage component 50 is low, the rotary chamber sealed feeding component 20 can feed at a relatively fast speed; when the gas pressure in the pressure stabilization and gas storage component 50 increases, the pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission component 60 reduces the feeding speed of the rotary chamber sealed feeding component 20, thereby reducing the disturbance to the liquid surface, foam, and gas collection pressure in the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 caused by continued feeding, which helps improve the stability of fermentation gas collection.

[0017] The rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly 20 includes a normally open feeding cylinder 21, a horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22, a four-chamber rotor 23, a drive device 24, and a feeding pipe 25. The normally open feeding cylinder 21 is located on the upper side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 and communicates with the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22. The feeding pipe 25 is located on the lower side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 and communicates with the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11. The four-chamber rotor 23 is rotatably disposed inside the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22. The drive device 24 is used to drive the four-chamber rotor 23 to rotate. It should be noted that the normally open feeding cylinder 21 is used to receive kitchen waste materials that users can put in at any time. The normally open feeding cylinder 21 can be a vertical cylinder or a funnel-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 is located below the normally open feeding cylinder 21, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the normally open feeding cylinder 21. The four-chamber rotor 23 is located inside the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 and can rotate around the axis of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 under the drive of the drive device 24. After the kitchen waste materials fall from the normally open feeding cylinder 21 into the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22, they are separated into different receiving chambers by the four-chamber rotor 23. As the four-chamber rotor 23 rotates, the receiving chambers pass through the receiving position, the closed transfer position, and the discharge position in sequence, and finally enter the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 through the feed pipe 25.

[0018] It is worth noting that the rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly 20 can reduce the possibility of a continuous direct airflow between the normally open feeding hopper 21 and the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 when the user pours kitchen waste into the normally open feeding hopper 21 at any time. Compared with feeding directly through a vertical feeding pipe, the four-chamber rotor 23 can separate and transport kitchen waste materials during rotation, making the top feeding area and the lower feeding pipe 25 intermittently connected. This helps reduce the risk of external air directly entering the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 along the feeding path, thereby helping to maintain the anaerobic fermentation environment.

[0019] The pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission (CVT) assembly 60 includes a pressure feedback push cylinder 61, an active conical pulley 62, a driven conical pulley 63, a transmission belt 64, and a U-shaped belt shifting fork 65. The active conical pulley 62 is connected to the output shaft of the drive device 24, and the driven conical pulley 63 is connected to the rotating shaft of the four-cavity rotor 23. The taper directions of the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 are opposite. The transmission belt 64 is sleeved between the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63. The pressure feedback push cylinder 61 is connected to the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly 50. The U-shaped belt shifting fork 65 is connected to the output end of the pressure feedback push cylinder 61 and can drive the transmission belt 64 to move axially along the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 under the drive of the pressure feedback push cylinder 61, so as to adjust the rotational speed of the four-cavity rotor 23. It should be noted that after the drive unit 24 is started, the output shaft of the drive unit 24 drives the active conical pulley 62 to rotate. The active conical pulley 62 drives the driven conical pulley 63 to rotate through the transmission belt 64. The driven conical pulley 63 further drives the four-cavity rotor 23 to rotate. Since the taper directions of the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 are opposite, when the transmission belt 64 moves axially along the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63, the effective transmission diameter of the transmission belt 64 on the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 changes in opposite directions, thereby changing the transmission ratio between the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63. The pressure feedback push cylinder 61 pushes the U-shaped shift fork 65 to move according to the gas pressure change in the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50. The U-shaped shift fork 65 drives the transmission belt 64 to move axially between the two conical pulleys, thereby realizing the adjustment of the speed of the four-cavity rotor 23. It is worth noting that this structure does not control the feeding through a simple start-stop drive device 24, but rather changes the position of the conveyor belt 64 on the active conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 through a pressure feedback pusher cylinder 61. This allows the four-chamber rotor 23 to perform stepless or near-stepless speed regulation according to changes in the gas pressure inside the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50. When the pressure inside the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50 is low, the speed of the four-chamber rotor 23 is relatively high, allowing the kitchen waste material to enter the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 more quickly. When the pressure inside the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50 increases, the speed of the four-chamber rotor 23 decreases, and the feeding amount decreases accordingly.

[0020] The four-cavity rotor 23 includes a rotating shaft 231, a partition 232, an end face sealing disc 233, and a partition end sealing strip 234; The rotating shaft 231 is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22. Four sets of partitions 232 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 231. A material receiving cavity is formed between two adjacent sets of partitions 232 and the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22. The end face sealing disc 233 is disposed at both ends of the partition plate 232 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 231. The end sealing strip 234 of the partition plate is disposed at the end of the partition plate 232 away from the rotating shaft 231 and cooperates with the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealing feeding cylinder 22. It should be noted that the four sets of baffles 232 are evenly arranged around the circumference of the rotating shaft 231, so that the four-chamber rotor 23 forms four relatively independent material receiving chambers within the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22. When kitchen waste material falls from the normally open feeding cylinder 21 into the top of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22, it enters the material receiving chamber located at the top. As the rotating shaft 231 rotates, this material receiving chamber moves away from below the normally open feeding cylinder 21 and turns towards the side of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22. At this time, the material receiving chamber is surrounded by the inner wall of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22, the adjacent baffles 232, and the end face sealing plate 233. Then, it continues to rotate downward and connects with the feed pipe 25, allowing the kitchen waste material in the material receiving chamber to fall into the feed pipe 25. The end sealing strip 234 of the baffle is set at the outer end of the baffle 232 and can cooperate with the inner wall of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22 to reduce air leakage and material leakage between adjacent material receiving chambers. It is worth noting that the end-face sealing discs 233 are located at both ends of the partition plate 232 along the axial direction, which can reduce the flow of gas or kitchen waste material along the end face of the four-cavity rotor 23 to adjacent material chambers or shaft support parts. The end sealing strips 234 of the partition plate can not only play an auxiliary sealing role, but also slightly scrape the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22 when the four-cavity rotor 23 rotates, thereby reducing the adhesion of wet and sticky kitchen waste to the cylinder wall. Thus, the four-cavity rotor 23 can achieve chamber sealing while conveying kitchen waste material, which is beneficial to improving the sealing performance of the feeding process and the stability of continuous use.

[0021] The top of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22 is provided with an upper communication port that communicates with the normally open feeding cylinder 21, and the bottom of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22 is provided with a lower communication port that communicates with the feeding pipe 25. The opening angles of the upper and lower connecting ports in the circumferential direction of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22 are both smaller than the included angle between the two adjacent sets of partitions 232, so that during the rotation of the four-cavity rotor 23, a continuous straight channel is not formed between the normally open feeding cylinder 21 and the feeding pipe 25. It should be noted that the connecting port is used to allow kitchen waste material in the normally open feeding cylinder 21 to enter the receiving cavity in the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22, and the lower connecting port is used to allow kitchen waste material in the receiving cavity to enter the feeding pipe 25. Since the four sets of partitions 232 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the rotating shaft 231, a receiving cavity is formed between two adjacent sets of partitions 232. Therefore, setting the opening angle of the upper connecting port and the lower connecting port in the circumference of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder 22 to be smaller than the included angle between two adjacent sets of partitions 232 can prevent the same receiving cavity from being fully connected to both the upper connecting port and the lower connecting port at the same time. It is worth noting that by controlling the circumferential opening angles of the upper and lower connecting ports, a continuous straight channel can be prevented from forming between the normally open feeding cylinder 21 and the feed pipe 25. Even when the normally open feeding cylinder 21 is in a state where it can be fed at any time, outside air is not easily allowed to continuously enter the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 along the normally open feeding cylinder 21, the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder 22, and the feed pipe 25. This structure, combined with the compartmentalized conveying function of the four-chamber rotor 23, can improve the air-locking effect during the feeding process, which is beneficial for maintaining the low-oxygen environment required for anaerobic fermentation.

[0022] The gas-liquid isolation gas collection assembly 30 includes a gas collection hood 31, an annular lower skirt 32, and a gas collection outlet 33; The gas collection hood 31 is located on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11. The annular lower skirt 32 extends downward from the outer edge of the gas collection hood 31 and is used to extend below the liquid surface of the kitchen waste fermentation liquid to form a liquid-sealed gas collection space inside the gas collection hood 31. The gas collection outlet 33 is located on the upper part of the gas collection hood 31 and is connected to the gas-liquid separation component 40. It should be noted that the gas collection hood 31 can be configured as an inverted bowl shape, a shallow cone shape, or an arc-shaped hood structure. It is positioned above the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 to receive the methane-containing fermentation gas rising during the anaerobic fermentation process. The annular lower skirt 32 extends downwards from the outer edge of the gas collection hood 31 and extends below the surface of the kitchen waste fermentation liquid during use, creating a relatively independent liquid-sealed gas collection space inside the gas collection hood 31. The gas produced during fermentation rises and enters the liquid-sealed gas collection space, then is transported to the gas-liquid separation component 40 through the gas collection outlet 33. It is worth noting that after the annular lower skirt 32 extends below the surface of the fermentation liquid, it can form a liquid seal boundary using the fermentation liquid itself, thereby reducing the disorderly diffusion of gas within the fermentation tank 10 and also reducing the possibility of foam and droplets directly entering the gas collection outlet 33. Compared to directly setting the gas outlet pipe at the top of the fermentation tank 10, this structure allows the fermentation gas to undergo preliminary buffering and liquid separation collection within the gas collection hood 31, which is beneficial to improving the processing stability of the subsequent gas-liquid separation component 40.

[0023] The gas-liquid separation assembly 40 includes a separation cylinder 41, a tangential air inlet 42, a condensate return pipe 44, and an air outlet pipe 47. The tangential air inlet 42 is disposed on the side wall of the separator 41 and is connected to the gas collection outlet 33; The gas outlet pipe 47 is located at the top of the separator 41 and is connected to the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50. The condensate return pipe 44 is located at the bottom of the separation cylinder 41 and is connected to the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11; It should be noted that the methane-containing fermentation gas enters the tangential inlet 42 through the gas collection outlet 33 and then enters the separation cylinder 41 through the tangential inlet 42. Since the tangential inlet 42 is located on the side wall of the separation cylinder 41, the fermentation gas, after entering the separation cylinder 41, can form a swirling or deflecting flow within the separation cylinder 41, causing some of the entrained droplets, foam, and condensate in the gas to accumulate at the bottom of the separation cylinder 41 under centrifugal or gravitational action. The separated condensate flows back to the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11 through the condensate return pipe 44, while the gas enters the pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 through the gas outlet 47 at the top of the separation cylinder 41. It is worth noting that the gas-liquid separation component 40 is positioned between the gas-liquid isolation gas collection component 30 and the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50, which reduces the risk of droplets, foam, and condensate entering the pressure-stabilizing gas storage component 50. The condensate return pipe 44 is connected to the anaerobic fermentation chamber 11, allowing the separated liquid to return to the fermentation system without frequent external discharge. This also reduces the possibility of condensate accumulation in the gas path causing blockage or affecting gas collection. This structure is beneficial for improving the dryness and continuity of the methane-containing fermentation gas delivery process.

[0024] The pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 includes a flexible gas storage bag 51, a gas storage shell 52, an elastic pressure plate 53, a guide 54, a pressure-stabilizing spring 55, a gas outlet connector 58, and a pressure outlet pipe 59. The flexible gas storage bag 51 is disposed inside the gas storage shell 52; The elastic pressure plate 53 is disposed on the outside of the flexible gas storage bag 51, the guide 54 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the elastic pressure plate 53, the guide 54 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas storage shell 52, and the pressure stabilizing spring 55 is disposed between the elastic pressure plate 53 and the gas storage shell 52 for applying elastic pressure to the flexible gas storage bag 51. The air outlet connector 58 is connected to the flexible air storage bag 51, and the pressure outlet pipe 59 is connected to the flexible air storage bag 51 and to the pressure feedback push cylinder 61. It should be noted that the methane-containing fermentation gas, after being processed by the gas-liquid separation component 40, enters the flexible gas storage bag 51, which expands as the gas intake increases. The flexible gas storage bag 51 is located inside the gas storage shell 52, which provides external protection and limits the expansion space of the flexible gas storage bag 51. An elastic pressure plate 53 is located on the outside of the flexible gas storage bag 51 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas storage shell 52 via a guide 54, allowing the elastic pressure plate 53 to move in a predetermined direction. A pressure-stabilizing spring 55 is located between the elastic pressure plate 53 and the gas storage shell 52. When the flexible gas storage bag 51 expands, it pushes the elastic pressure plate 53 and compresses the pressure-stabilizing spring 55; when the gas inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 decreases, the pressure-stabilizing spring 55 applies back pressure to the flexible gas storage bag 51 through the elastic pressure plate 53, allowing the gas inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 to be output more stably from the gas outlet 58. It is worth noting that the flexible gas storage bag 51 can buffer fluctuations in fermentation gas production through changes in its own volume, while the elastic pressure plate 53 and the pressure-stabilizing spring 55 can apply relatively stable elastic pressure to the flexible gas storage bag 51, maintaining a relatively stable output pressure of the methane-containing fermentation gas inside the flexible gas storage bag 51. The pressure outlet pipe 59 is connected to the flexible gas storage bag 51 and also to the pressure feedback push cylinder 61, so that the gas pressure inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 can not only be used for gas storage and output, but also serve as a feedback signal for adjusting the feeding speed of the rotary chamber sealed feed assembly 20. Thus, the pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 has the functions of buffering gas storage, stabilizing output, and pressure feedback control.

[0025] The pressure feedback push cylinder 61 includes a cylinder body 611, a piston 612, a piston rod 613, a return spring 614, and a pressure inlet pipe 615; The pressure inlet pipe 615 is connected to the pressure outlet pipe 59. The piston 612 is slidably disposed in the cylinder 611. The piston rod 613 is connected to the piston 612 and extends out of the cylinder 611. The return spring 614 is disposed in the cylinder 611 and is used to drive the piston rod 613 to return when the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly 50 decreases. The piston rod 613 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped belt shifting fork 65, and guide rollers 651 are provided on both sides of the U-shaped belt shifting fork 65. The conveyor belt 64 passes between the guide rollers 651. It should be noted that the pressure inlet pipe 615 introduces the pressure inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 into the cylinder 611. When the pressure inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 increases, the gas pressure acts on the piston 612 through the pressure inlet pipe 615, pushing the piston 612 to move within the cylinder 611. The piston 612 then drives the piston rod 613 to extend. When the piston rod 613 extends, it pushes the U-shaped belt shifting fork 65 to move. The U-shaped belt shifting fork 65 drives the transmission belt 64 to move axially along the driving conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 via the guide rollers 651 on both sides. Since the taper directions of the driving conical pulley 62 and the driven conical pulley 63 are opposite, the movement of the transmission belt 64 changes the effective transmission diameter relationship between them, thereby reducing or adjusting the speed of the four-chamber rotor 23. When the pressure inside the flexible gas storage bag 51 decreases, the return spring 614 pushes the piston 612 and piston rod 613 to return to their original positions, and the U-shaped belt shift fork 65 drives the transmission belt 64 to move in the opposite direction, so that the speed of the four-chamber rotor 23 is restored. It is worth noting that the pressure feedback push cylinder 61 uses piston 612 and piston rod 613 to output linear motion, which can provide a larger effective stroke and a more stable pushing direction than a simple diaphragm feedback structure. This is suitable for driving the U-shaped shift fork 65 to push the conveyor belt 64 to complete axial repositioning. The guide rollers 651 are set on both sides of the U-shaped shift fork 65, so that the U-shaped shift fork 65 does not directly generate large sliding friction with the conveyor belt 64 when pushing the conveyor belt 64, which helps to reduce the wear of the conveyor belt 64 and improve the smoothness of repositioning. This structure allows the pressure change in the pressure storage component 50 to be directly converted into the feeding speed change of the rotary chamber sealed feeding component 20, thereby forming a mechanical linkage between the food waste feeding process and the fermentation gas collection pressure.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kitchen garbage biogas generating apparatus, characterized by comprising: include: Fermentation tank (10), wherein an anaerobic fermentation chamber (11) is formed inside the fermentation tank (10) for containing the fermentation liquid of kitchen waste and anaerobic microbial community. A rotary chamber-type sealed feeding assembly (20) is provided on the upper side of the fermentation tank (10) and is used to feed kitchen waste into the anaerobic fermentation chamber (11); Gas-liquid isolation gas collection component (30), which is located on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber (11) and is used to collect methane-containing fermentation gas generated during the anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste; A gas-liquid separation component (40) is connected to a gas-liquid isolation gas collection component (30) and is used to separate droplets, foam and condensate entrained in methane fermentation gas. A pressure-stabilizing gas storage component (50) is connected to a gas-liquid separation component (40) and is used to buffer and store the methane-containing fermentation gas after gas-liquid separation. Pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission assembly (60), the pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission assembly (60) is connected to the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly (50) and the rotary chamber sealing feed assembly (20) respectively, and is used to adjust the feeding speed of the rotary chamber sealing feed assembly (20) according to the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly (50); The rotary chamber sealed feeding assembly (20) includes a normally open feeding cylinder (21), a horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22), a four-chamber rotor (23), a drive device (24), and a feeding pipe (25). The normally open feeding cylinder (21) is located on the upper side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22) and communicates with the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22). The feeding pipe (25) is located on the lower side of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22) and communicates with the anaerobic fermentation chamber (11). The four-chamber rotor (23) is rotatably located inside the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22). The drive device (24) is used to drive the four-chamber rotor (23) to rotate. The pressure feedback push-cylinder continuously variable transmission (CVT) assembly (60) includes a pressure feedback push cylinder (61), a driving conical pulley (62), a driven conical pulley (63), a transmission belt (64), and a U-shaped belt shifter (65). The driving conical pulley (62) is connected to the output shaft of the drive unit (24), and the driven conical pulley (63) is connected to the shaft of the four-chamber rotor (23). The taper directions of the driving conical pulley (62) and the driven conical pulley (63) are opposite. The conveyor belt (64) is fitted between the active conical pulley (62) and the driven conical pulley (63). The pressure feedback push cylinder (61) is connected to the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly (50). The U-shaped belt shift fork (65) is connected to the output end of the pressure feedback push cylinder (61) and can drive the conveyor belt (64) to move axially along the active conical pulley (62) and the driven conical pulley (63) under the drive of the pressure feedback push cylinder (61) to adjust the speed of the four-cavity rotor (23).

2. The kitchen waste biogas generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-cavity rotor (23) includes a shaft (231), a partition (232), an end face sealing disc (233), and a partition end sealing strip (234). The rotating shaft (231) is arranged along the axial direction of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22). There are four sets of partitions (232), and the four sets of partitions (232) are arranged circumferentially along the rotating shaft (231). A material receiving cavity is formed between two adjacent sets of partitions (232) and the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22). The end face sealing disc (233) is disposed at both ends of the partition (232) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (231). The end sealing strip (234) of the partition is disposed at one end of the partition (232) away from the rotating shaft (231) and cooperates with the inner wall of the horizontally placed sealing feed cylinder (22).

3. The kitchen waste biogas generating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder (22) is provided with an upper connecting port that communicates with the normally open feeding cylinder (21), and the bottom of the horizontally sealed feeding cylinder (22) is provided with a lower connecting port that communicates with the feeding pipe (25). The opening angles of the upper and lower connecting ports in the circumferential direction of the horizontally placed sealed feeding cylinder (22) are both smaller than the included angle between the two adjacent sets of partitions (232), so that during the rotation of the four-cavity rotor (23), a continuous straight channel is not formed between the normally open feeding cylinder (21) and the feeding pipe (25).

4. The kitchen waste biogas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid isolation gas collection assembly (30) includes a gas collection hood (31), an annular lower skirt (32), and a gas collection outlet (33). The gas collection hood (31) is located on the upper part of the anaerobic fermentation chamber (11). The annular lower skirt (32) extends downward from the outer edge of the gas collection hood (31) and is used to extend below the liquid surface of the kitchen waste fermentation liquid to form a liquid-sealed gas collection space inside the gas collection hood (31). The gas collection outlet (33) is located on the upper part of the gas collection hood (31) and is connected to the gas-liquid separation component (40).

5. A biogas generator for kitchen waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation assembly (40) includes a separation cylinder (41), a tangential air inlet (42), a condensate return pipe (44), and an air outlet pipe (47). The tangential air inlet (42) is located on the side wall of the separator (41) and is connected to the gas collection outlet (33); The gas outlet pipe (47) is located at the top of the separator (41) and is connected to the pressure stabilizing gas storage component (50); The condensate return pipe (44) is located at the bottom of the separation cylinder (41) and is connected to the anaerobic fermentation chamber (11).

6. A biogas generator for kitchen waste according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure-stabilizing gas storage assembly (50) includes a flexible gas storage bag (51), a gas storage shell (52), an elastic pressure plate (53), a guide (54), a pressure-stabilizing spring (55), a gas outlet connector (58), and a pressure outlet pipe (59). The flexible gas storage bag (51) is disposed inside the gas storage shell (52); The elastic pressure plate (53) is disposed on the outside of the flexible gas storage bag (51), the guide (54) is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the elastic pressure plate (53), the guide (54) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the gas storage shell (52), and the pressure stabilizing spring (55) is disposed between the elastic pressure plate (53) and the gas storage shell (52) for applying elastic pressure to the flexible gas storage bag (51); The air outlet connector (58) is connected to the flexible air storage bag (51), and the pressure outlet pipe (59) is connected to the flexible air storage bag (51) and to the pressure feedback push cylinder (61).

7. A biogas generator for kitchen waste according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pressure feedback push cylinder (61) includes a cylinder body (611), a piston (612), a piston rod (613), a return spring (614), and a pressure inlet pipe (615). The pressure inlet pipe (615) is connected to the pressure outlet pipe (59), the piston (612) is slidably disposed in the cylinder (611), the piston rod (613) is connected to the piston (612) and extends out of the cylinder (611), and the return spring (614) is disposed in the cylinder (611) for driving the piston rod (613) to return to its original position when the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing gas storage assembly (50) decreases; The piston rod (613) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped belt fork (65) at its end. Guide rollers (651) are provided on both sides of the U-shaped belt fork (65), and the conveyor belt (64) passes between the guide rollers (651).

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