A method of slag breaking

Abstract

The application discloses a slag breaking method, which comprises the following steps: moving a transfer frame to a slag breaking position above molten steel by a moving driving mechanism, and arranging a slag breaking gun at a high position and higher than a slag scraping sleeve at a lower end; driving the slag breaking gun to descend by a lifting driving mechanism, penetrating through the slag scraping sleeve and extending into a slag layer to complete slag breaking; after the operation is completed, the slag breaking gun is lifted, penetrates through the slag scraping sleeve and scrapes off the adhered steel slag on the gun body and the gun head by relative movement of the slag breaking gun and the slag scraping sleeve; and then the slag breaking gun and the slag scraping sleeve are moved away from the operation area by the moving driving mechanism. Subsequently, the inner wall profile of a center hole of the slag scraping sleeve is detected, the gun head of the slag breaking gun is cleaned after the profile meets the requirements, and the center hole is cleaned and then detected if the profile does not meet the requirements. The method realizes efficient slag scraping by cooperation of the slag scraping sleeve and the slag breaking gun, avoids high-viscosity slag body adhesion, prolongs the service life of the slag breaking gun, prevents jamming and scraping by center hole detection and cleaning, improves operation continuity, adopts a double slag removing mode, guarantees slag breaking effect, improves the success rate of steel sample sampling, and guarantees the production quality of high-end steel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel production technology, and in particular, to a slag removal method. Background Technology

[0002] In the refining process of steel smelting, the production of high-end steel grades such as grain-oriented silicon steel requires stringent control over the composition of molten steel. The protective slag system on the surface of the molten steel is usually designed with high viscosity, which increases the difficulty of manual slag breaking operations. Not only is the slag breaking efficiency low, but the slag also easily adheres to the surface of the slag breaking rod. After the rod is removed, the slag surface closes quickly, leading to steel sample failure and directly affecting steel composition detection and subsequent process control. Therefore, the industry generally uses slag breaking guns instead of traditional slag breaking rods for slag breaking operations to improve slag breaking effect and sampling success rate. High-viscosity slag systems tend to form a stubborn adhesive slag layer on the slag breaking gun body and head. The residual slag forms hard slag balls after high-temperature cooling, which not only prevents the slag surface from being effectively broken by the slag breaking gun later, but also shortens the service life of the slag breaking gun. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a slag breaking method.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A slag breaking method includes the following steps: S1, a transfer frame is moved along a track to a preset slag breaking position above the molten steel by a moving drive mechanism, at which point the slag breaking gun is at a preset high position, with its lower end higher than the slag scraper sleeve; S2, the slag breaking gun is lowered by a lifting drive mechanism on the transfer frame, causing its lower end to pass through the slag scraper sleeve and extend into the slag layer on the surface of the molten steel to complete the slag breaking operation; S3, after the slag breaking operation is completed, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise, causing the slag breaking gun to detach from the molten steel and its lower end to pass through the slag scraper sleeve, thus completing the slag breaking. A gap is formed between the gun and the scraper sleeve, and the scraper sleeve is used to scrape off the steel slag adhering to the gun body and gun head of the slag breaking gun; S4, the transfer frame is driven to move along the track by the moving drive mechanism, so that the slag breaking gun and the scraper sleeve are removed from the working area above the molten steel; S5, the center hole of the scraper sleeve is detected to determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole of the scraper sleeve meets the preset requirements: if it meets the requirements, proceed to step S6; if it does not meet the requirements, the center hole of the scraper sleeve is cleaned, and after cleaning, return to step S5; S6, the gun head of the slag breaking gun is cleaned to remove the steel slag remaining on the gun head.

[0005] Further, step S5 specifically includes: S51, the transfer frame is moved by the moving drive mechanism to move the slag scraper and slag breaking gun to the detection position, so that the camera is placed in the gap between the slag scraper and the slag breaking gun, and the camera and the center hole of the slag scraper are vertically aligned. S52, activate the camera to acquire an image of the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve and obtain the image to be analyzed; S53, analyze and process the image to be analyzed, and determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole of the slag scraper meets the preset requirements: if it meets the requirements, proceed to step S6; if it does not meet the requirements, clean the center hole of the slag scraper. After cleaning, return to step S51.

[0006] Furthermore, light sources are spaced below the camera; when the camera is vertically aligned with the center hole of the scraper sleeve, the light source is located directly below the scraper sleeve; before step S52, the method further includes: turning on the light source so that the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole is clearly visible under the light.

[0007] Furthermore, the preset requirement includes at least the overlap between the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole and the standard contour of the central hole being no less than a first preset threshold.

[0008] Further, the analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed specifically includes: S531, extracting the reference circular contour and the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole from the image to be analyzed; S532, aligning the center point of the reference circular contour with the center point of the reference circular contour in the standard image; S533, obtaining the total number of pixels of the closed region of the standard contour. S534: Obtain the overlapping area between the closed region of the actual contour and the closed region of the standard contour, and obtain the total number of pixels in the overlapping area. S535, according to the formula Calculate the degree of overlap.

[0009] Furthermore, the preset requirement also includes that the convexity ratio of the inner wall of the central hole is not higher than a second preset threshold; the analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed further includes: traversing the contour pixels on the actual contour, obtaining the distances between all contour pixels and the center point of the reference circular contour, and taking the maximum value among them. And through the formula Calculate the protrusion ratio.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S53, if it is determined that the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole does not meet the preset requirements, the grinding parameters of the sleeve grinding mechanism are automatically adjusted according to the size of the protrusion ratio: if the protrusion ratio is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with the first feed amount; if the protrusion ratio is greater than the third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with the second feed amount, wherein the second feed amount is less than the first feed amount.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S3, during the upward movement of the slag-breaking gun, the lifting drive mechanism will drive the slag-breaking gun to perform multiple lifting and lowering reciprocating movements.

[0012] Furthermore, before step S51, the process further includes: purging the central hole of the scraper sleeve using a nitrogen purging device.

[0013] Further, S6 specifically includes: S61, the moving drive mechanism drives the transfer frame to move along the track to the gun head cleaning position, the slag breaking gun is vertically aligned with the gun head grinding mechanism below, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to descend, so that the slag breaking gun is ground by the gun head grinding mechanism, after the grinding is performed for a preset time, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise to a preset high position.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: Relying on the structure of fixed height of the scraper sleeve and lifting drive of the slag-breaking gun, the slag-breaking gun passes through the scraper sleeve during the slag-breaking process. The relative movement between the scraper sleeve and the slag-breaking gun scrapes off the steel slag that has just adhered to the gun body and the gun head and has not been completely cooled and solidified. The steel slag that has just adhered to the gun head will be scraped off by the scraper sleeve during the gun head's rising and resetting process before it has had time to completely cool and solidify. The adhesion between the steel slag that has not been completely cooled and solidified and the gun head is weak, so it is easy to scrape off without causing significant structural interference or obstruction. This improves the slag removal efficiency, effectively avoids the formation of stubborn slag layers and hard slag balls on the surface of the gun body due to high viscosity slag, ensures the slag-breaking effect of the subsequent slag-breaking gun, significantly extends the service life of the slag-breaking gun, and reduces the frequency of equipment replacement and production maintenance costs. A special inspection and targeted cleaning process for the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve is added. First, the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole is inspected and determined. Only after the contour meets the preset requirements is the slag-breaking gun head cleaned. This avoids subsequent slag-breaking gun jamming and scraping problems caused by slag adhesion and contour deformation on the inner wall of the scraper sleeve. Simultaneously, it ensures that the scraper sleeve is always in an effective slag-scraping working state, breaking the vicious cycle of slag adhesion, scraping failure, and even more severe adhesion in the traditional process, improving the continuity and stability of slag breaking operations. A dual slag removal method is adopted, using both scraping with the scraper sleeve and targeted cleaning of the slag-breaking gun head. After the scraper sleeve completes the scraping of most of the slag on the gun body, the residual steel slag on the gun head is specifically cleaned, achieving effective removal of slag from the surface of the slag-breaking gun. This prevents residual slag from affecting subsequent molten steel slag breaking operations, ensuring the slag-breaking gun's effective breaking effect on high-viscosity slag layers, thereby improving the steel sample sampling success rate. This provides a guarantee for the accurate detection and control of molten steel composition for high-end steel grades such as oriented silicon steel, helping to improve the production qualification rate of high-end steel grades. The entire process of slag breaking, scraping, transfer, inspection, and cleaning is automated by relying on the mobile drive mechanism and the lifting drive mechanism. It eliminates the need for manual intervention in the high-temperature and high-dust refining operation environment, which not only improves the operating experience of the operators, but also eliminates the error of manual operation, improves the operating efficiency of slag breaking and subsequent supporting processes, and adapts to the large-scale and automated production needs of steel smelting and refining processes.

[0015] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flowchart of step S5 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a detailed flowchart of step S53 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the slag-breaking gun and slag-scraping sleeve of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0020] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a slag breaking method, comprising steps S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6.

[0022] S1, the transfer frame is moved along the track to the preset slag-breaking position above the molten steel by the moving drive mechanism. At this time, the slag-breaking gun is at the preset high position, and the lower end of the slag-breaking gun at the preset high position is higher than the slag-scraping sleeve. Figure 4 The diagram shows the initial positioning stage of the slag breaking operation. Utilizing track-based movement and a preset high position setting, the slag breaking gun and scraper sleeve are precisely positioned above the molten steel, while ensuring the lower end of the slag breaking gun is higher than the scraper sleeve, preparing for the subsequent descent of the slag breaking gun through the sleeve and into the slag layer. Track-based movement ensures the accuracy and stability of the transfer frame and its associated slag breaking gun and scraper sleeve, enabling rapid arrival at the preset slag breaking position and improving operational efficiency. The preset high position design clearly defines the initial starting point of the slag breaking gun's movement, providing a reference for the subsequent stroke control of the lifting drive and avoiding collisions and interference between equipment structures. Position detection elements can be installed on the track, and corresponding sensing structures can be installed on the transfer frame. When the transfer frame reaches a designated position (such as the cleaning position, the preset slag breaking position, or the detection position), the sensing structures trigger the position detection elements. The position detection elements (such as high-temperature resistant magnetic proximity switches) are all installed on the track and equipped with dustproof glass covers to prevent damage from high-temperature radiation and slag dust, extending their service life. A high-permeability metal induction plate (such as an iron-nickel alloy) can be installed on the side of the transfer rack, and the installation position of the induction plate corresponds to the positioning detection element.

[0023] S2, the slag-breaking gun 200 is driven to descend by the lifting drive mechanism 400 on the transfer frame 100, so that the lower end of the slag-breaking gun passes through the slag scraper sleeve 300 and extends into the slag layer on the surface of the molten steel to complete the slag-breaking operation; the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag-breaking gun to move vertically downward, the slag-breaking gun first passes through the slag scraper sleeve at a fixed height, and then penetrates into the high-viscosity slag layer on the surface of the molten steel, breaking the slag layer through the impact and squeezing action of the slag-breaking gun, forming a slag opening that can be sampled. The slag scraper sleeve is always in a fixed position above the molten steel to avoid excessive corrosion of the slag scraper sleeve by the high-temperature molten steel and slag. It can be understood that a gun mounting frame 110 is slidably mounted on the transfer frame 100, the gun mounting frame 110 holds the slag-breaking gun 200, the transfer frame 100 is provided with a guide rail, and the gun mounting frame 110 is provided with a slider adapted to the guide rail, thereby realizing the lifting and sliding guidance, and the slag scraper sleeve 300 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the transfer frame 100.

[0024] S3, after the slag breaking operation is completed, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise, causing the slag breaking gun to detach from the molten steel and its lower end to pass through the slag scraping sleeve. A gap is formed between the slag breaking gun and the slag scraping sleeve, which is used to scrape off the steel slag adhering to the gun body and head. After slag breaking is completed, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise vertically, first detaching it from the molten steel to avoid carrying too much molten steel out of the gun body, and then passing through the slag scraping sleeve, which is used to scrape off the steel slag adhering to the surface of the gun body and head. Active slag scraping is achieved by using the fixed height of the slag scraping sleeve and the relative motion of the slag breaking gun to improve slag removal efficiency. It can effectively remove most of the slag adhering to the surface of the gun body and prevent high-viscosity slag from cooling and forming hard slag balls on the surface of the gun body. The slag scraping process and the lifting action of the slag breaking gun are integrated into the design, eliminating the need for an additional drive mechanism, simplifying the process and improving operating efficiency.

[0025] S4, driven by a mobile drive mechanism, moves the transfer frame along the track, detaching the slag-breaking gun and scraper sleeve from the working area above the molten steel. After slag breaking and primary scraping are completed, the mobile drive mechanism moves the transfer frame along the track away from the high-temperature, high-dust working area above the molten steel, transferring the slag-breaking gun and scraper sleeve to a dedicated station for subsequent inspection and cleaning, preparing for subsequent processes. This removes the slag-breaking gun and scraper sleeve from the harsh working environment above the molten steel.

[0026] S5, inspect the center hole of the scraper sleeve and determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole meets the preset requirements. If it does, proceed to step S6; otherwise, clean the center hole of the scraper sleeve. After cleaning, return to step S5. In the scraper sleeve inspection and closed-loop cleaning process, the contour of the inner wall of the center hole of the scraper sleeve is inspected to determine whether it meets the requirements for subsequent scraping and slag-breaking gun insertion. If there are problems such as slag adhesion or contour deformation, the center hole is cleaned, and then inspected again until the contour meets the preset requirements, forming a closed-loop control of inspection, cleaning, and re-inspection. Pre-inspecting the working state of the center hole of the scraper sleeve prevents problems such as slag adhesion and contour deformation on the inner wall of the center hole, which could lead to jamming and scraping during subsequent slag-breaking gun insertion, ensuring that the scraper sleeve is always in an effective scraping working state and improving the stability of the slag-breaking operation.

[0027] S6. Clean the nozzle of the slag-breaking gun to remove residual steel slag. This secondary fine cleaning of the nozzle involves a targeted cleaning of the nozzle, assuming the scraper sleeve is in good condition, to remove stubborn steel slag remaining after the first scraping, ensuring the nozzle's cleanliness and integrity. This dual slag removal method, combining the first scraping with the second fine cleaning of the nozzle, effectively removes slag from the surface of the slag-breaking gun, preventing residual slag from affecting subsequent slag-breaking operations and ensuring the slag-breaking gun's effective ability to break high-viscosity slag layers. Precise cleaning of the nozzle also reduces wear from slag, extending the slag-breaking gun's service life and reducing equipment replacement costs.

[0028] This invention provides a slag breaking method that relies on a structure with a fixed height of the scraper sleeve and a lifting and lowering drive for the slag breaking gun. During the slag breaking process, the slag breaking gun passes through the scraper sleeve, and the relative movement between the scraper sleeve and the slag breaking gun actively scrapes away the steel slag adhering to the gun body and head. This improves slag removal efficiency, effectively prevents the formation of stubborn slag layers and hard slag balls on the gun body surface due to high-viscosity slag, ensures the subsequent slag breaking effect of the slag breaking gun, significantly extends the service life of the slag breaking gun, and reduces equipment replacement frequency and production maintenance costs. A special inspection and targeted cleaning process for the center hole of the scraper sleeve is added. The actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole is first inspected and judged. The slag breaking gun head is only cleaned after the contour meets the preset requirements. This avoids problems such as slag adhesion and contour deformation on the inner wall of the scraper sleeve, which can cause subsequent slag breaking gun jamming and scraping issues. It also ensures that the scraper sleeve is always in an effective slag scraping working state, breaking the vicious cycle of slag adhesion, scraping failure, and more severe adhesion in traditional processes, and improving the continuity and stability of slag breaking operations. A dual slag removal method is employed, combining slag scraping with a slag-scraping sleeve and specialized cleaning of the slag-breaking gun head. After the slag-scraping sleeve removes most of the slag from the gun body, the remaining steel slag at the gun head is specifically cleaned. This effectively removes slag from the surface of the slag-breaking gun, preventing residual slag from affecting subsequent slag-breaking operations and ensuring the slag-breaking gun effectively breaks up high-viscosity slag layers. This improves the success rate of steel sample collection and provides a guarantee for the accurate detection and control of steel composition in high-end steel grades such as oriented silicon steel, thus helping to improve the production qualification rate of high-end steel grades. The entire slag-breaking, scraping, transfer, detection, and cleaning process is automated using a mobile drive mechanism and a lifting drive mechanism. No manual intervention is required in the high-temperature, high-dust refining environment, improving the operator experience, eliminating human error, and increasing the efficiency of slag breaking and subsequent supporting processes. This aligns with the large-scale, automated production needs of steel smelting and refining processes.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 In some embodiments of the present invention, step S5 specifically includes steps S51, S52 and S53.

[0030] S51, driven by a mobile drive mechanism, moves the transfer frame to the detection position, positioning the scraper sleeve and slag-breaking gun in the gap between them, with the camera and the center hole of the scraper sleeve vertically aligned. The mobile drive mechanism then moves the scraper sleeve and slag-breaking gun to the designated detection position, utilizing the natural gap between them to position the camera. During detection, the camera is ensured to be vertically aligned with the center hole, providing unobstructed, frontal-view shooting conditions for image acquisition from the center hole. The precise camera placement utilizes the gap between the slag-breaking gun and the scraper sleeve, eliminating the need for additional obstacle avoidance structures and simplifying equipment design. The vertically aligned shooting angle allows for complete and clear acquisition of image information from the inner wall of the center hole, providing a reliable image foundation for subsequent contour analysis.

[0031] S52: Activate the camera to acquire an image of the center hole of the scraper sleeve, obtaining the image to be analyzed. Provided the camera is accurately positioned, activate the camera to photograph the inner wall of the center hole of the scraper sleeve, acquiring an image containing the inner wall contour information, which is the basis for subsequent contour detection and judgment. Image acquisition enables visual detection of the inner wall contour of the center hole, replacing traditional manual visual inspection, eliminating the subjectivity and error of manual inspection, and improving the accuracy of inspection. The image-based inspection data facilitates subsequent digital analysis and storage, providing data support for equipment maintenance and process optimization.

[0032] S53: Analyze and process the image to be analyzed to determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole of the scraper sleeve meets the preset requirements. If it does, proceed to step S6; otherwise, clean the central hole of the scraper sleeve. After cleaning, return to step S51. Digital image processing technology is used to process the acquired image to be analyzed, extracting the actual contour information of the inner wall of the central hole and comparing it with the preset requirements. Based on the judgment result, subsequent processes are executed. If the contour is unqualified, the process returns to the workstation for re-cleaning and inspection, forming a closed-loop control. Digital image analysis enables precise quantitative judgment of the central hole contour, quickly identifying problems such as slag adhesion and local protrusions on the inner wall, with detection efficiency far exceeding that of manual inspection. The closed-loop judgment-cleaning process ensures that the contour state of the central hole of the scraper sleeve always meets the usage requirements, providing a guarantee for the smooth insertion of the scraper gun and effective slag scraping. The center hole of the scraper sleeve can be cleaned using a cleaning blade. A lifting platform that can be driven by a lifting mechanism is set up. A motor is installed on the lifting platform and connected to the cleaning blade, thereby realizing the lifting and rotation of the cleaning blade. The cleaning blade can be inserted into the center hole to clean the center hole.

[0033] In a further embodiment of the present invention, light sources are spaced apart below the camera; when the camera is vertically aligned with the central hole of the scraper sleeve, the light source is located directly below the scraper sleeve; before step S52, the method further includes: turning on the light source so that the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole is clearly developed under light illumination. A dedicated light source is set below the camera and directly below the scraper sleeve. Turning on the light source before image acquisition utilizes the upward transmission of light to create a clear contrast between light and shadow on the contour of the inner wall of the central hole and the slag adhesion area, achieving clear development. This supplementary lighting design solves the problem of insufficient light and blurred contours inside the central hole, allowing the actual contour and defective areas of the inner wall to be clearly presented in the image, improving the clarity of image acquisition and providing high-quality image material for subsequent image analysis and contour extraction.

[0034] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the preset requirement includes at least the overlap between the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole and the standard contour of the central hole being not less than a first preset threshold. This clarifies one of the core judgment indicators for central hole contour detection, using the overlap between the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole and the designed standard contour as the judgment basis, and setting the first preset threshold as the qualification standard. The overlap reflects the overall integrity of the inner wall contour of the central hole, avoiding large-area slag adhesion or contour deformation. Using the overlap as a quantitative judgment indicator enables accurate evaluation of the overall contour state of the central hole, effectively identifying problems affecting use such as large-area slag adhesion and contour deformation on the inner wall; the quantitative threshold judgment replaces the vague manual judgment standard, making the detection results more objective and consistent, and improving the standardization and reliability of the detection.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments of the present invention, the analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed specifically includes steps S531, S532, S533, S534 and S535.

[0036] S531 extracts the reference circular contour and the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole from the image to be analyzed. Image processing algorithms separate the reference circular contour (as a positional reference) and the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole from the image to be analyzed. This is the basis for subsequent contour alignment and overlap calculations. The extraction process eliminates image noise, background interference, and other influences. Accurate contour information extraction provides a foundation for subsequent quantization calculations; separating the reference circular contour and the actual contour provides a reference for subsequent positional alignment, avoiding calculation errors caused by slight deviations in the shooting position. Specifically, the image to be analyzed is typically denoised using Gaussian filtering, all continuous edge contours are coarsely extracted using the Canny edge detection algorithm, and then closed contours are filtered. Based on the characteristics of roundness and area, two effective circular contours are separated: the larger one is the reference circular contour, and the smaller one is the central hole contour. It can be understood that the scraper sleeve is a rotating body with a central hole; there will be a circular contour at the center and another at the outermost perimeter. The outermost circular contour can be used as the reference circular contour for easy extraction.

[0037] S532 aligns the center point of the reference circular contour with the center point of the reference circular contour in the standard image. By aligning the center point of the reference circular contour extracted from the image to be analyzed with the center point of the reference circular contour in the standard image, precise alignment of the actual contour and the standard contour in the pixel coordinate system is achieved, eliminating the influence of minor positional shifts during the shooting process on the overlap calculation. Positional alignment ensures that the comparison between the actual contour and the standard contour is performed in the same coordinate system, avoiding overlap calculation errors caused by shooting offsets and improving the accuracy of the calculation results. The standardized alignment method ensures consistency and comparability of the detection results, facilitating subsequent process optimization and equipment maintenance. The standard image is an image obtained using a standard new scraping sleeve, under the same camera, light source, and shooting position, and serves as the comparison standard.

[0038] S533, the total number of pixels in the closed region of the standard contour is As a benchmark for subsequent overlap calculations, the number of pixels reflects the area of ​​the standard contour. Converting the area of ​​the standard contour into a digitized number of pixels provides intuitive benchmark data for the quantitative calculation of overlap. The pixel-based statistical method is accurate and efficient, enabling rapid quantification of contour area and improving analysis and processing efficiency.

[0039] S534: Obtain the overlapping area between the closed region of the actual contour and the closed region of the standard contour, and obtain the total number of pixels in the overlapping area. Pixel statistics are performed on the overlapping areas to reflect the degree of overlap between the actual contour and the standard contour. The overlapping areas are extracted and pixel quantized, providing core data for overlap calculation; the pixel-based AND operation method can quickly and accurately identify overlapping areas.

[0040] S535, according to the formula Calculate the overlap ratio. A precise quantitative calculation of the overlap ratio is achieved using a formula, yielding an intuitive percentage result for easy comparison with a first preset threshold. In this embodiment, the first preset threshold can be 95%. An overlap ratio greater than or equal to 95% indicates that the actual outline of the central hole is relatively complete and will not affect the slag-breaking gun. Furthermore, it is understood that to reduce the smoothness of the slag-breaking gun's movement, the diameter of the central hole of the scraper sleeve will be slightly larger than the diameter of the slag-breaking gun body. For example, if the diameter of the central hole of the scraper sleeve is 1.05-1.1 times the diameter of the slag-breaking gun body, although it is not completely fitted, the adhering steel slag will generally protrude from the gun body's perimeter and be scraped off by the scraper sleeve.

[0041] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the preset requirement further includes that the convexity ratio of the inner wall of the central hole is not higher than a second preset threshold; the analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed further includes: traversing the contour pixels on the actual contour, obtaining the distances between all contour pixels and the center point of the reference circular contour, and taking the maximum value among them. And through the formula Calculate the protrusion ratio. The protrusion ratio reflects the degree of local protrusion on the inner wall of the central hole, preventing excessive local protrusions from causing the slag-breaking gun to jam. A specific judgment index is designed for local protrusion defects, which makes up for the shortcomings of the overlap ratio, which only evaluates the overall contour. It can accurately identify the problem of excessive local protrusions even if the overall overlap ratio meets the standard, and completely avoid slag-breaking gun jamming and scraping caused by local protrusions. In this embodiment, the second preset threshold can be 95%.

[0042] In a further embodiment of the present invention, in step S53, if it is determined that the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole does not meet the preset requirements, the grinding parameters of the sleeve grinding mechanism are automatically adjusted according to the size of the protrusion ratio: if the protrusion ratio is less than or equal to a third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with a first feed amount; if the protrusion ratio is greater than the third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with a second feed amount, wherein the second feed amount is less than the first feed amount. Based on the different protrusion ratios of the inner wall of the central hole, the degree of defect is divided into two levels, and different grinding feed amounts are set accordingly. The larger the protrusion ratio (the more severe the defect), the smaller the grinding feed amount, thus achieving precise matching between the grinding parameters and the degree of defect. The adaptive grinding parameter adjustment enables targeted grinding of defects on the inner wall of the center hole. When the protrusion ratio is small, a larger feed rate is used to improve grinding efficiency; when the protrusion ratio is large, a smaller feed rate is used to avoid damage to the grinding tool due to excessive cutting depth, while ensuring grinding accuracy and preventing over-grinding from damaging the original contour of the center hole of the scraper sleeve. The automatic adjustment of grinding parameters replaces manual adjustment, improving the automation level and work efficiency of the cleaning process.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, during step S3, as the slag-breaking gun rises, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag-breaking gun to perform multiple lifting and reciprocating movements. These multiple short-stroke lifting and reciprocating movements cause the slag-breaking gun to make multiple contacts and rubs against the inner wall of the central hole of the scraper sleeve, enhancing the scraping effect. The multiple lifting and reciprocating movements create multiple scraping interactions between the slag-breaking gun and the scraper sleeve, effectively removing stubborn slag adhering to the gun surface, improving the cleanliness of the first scraping, and reducing the workload of subsequent secondary cleaning of the gun head. The short-stroke design of the reciprocating movement avoids excessive lifting and lowering of the slag-breaking gun, thus not affecting overall operating efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, before step S51, the method further includes: purging the central hole of the scraper sleeve using a nitrogen purging device. Nitrogen gas is introduced into the central hole of the scraper sleeve using the nitrogen purging device to remove loose impurities such as scum and dust from the inner wall surface of the central hole. Nitrogen purging effectively removes scum and dust from the inner wall of the central hole, preventing these impurities from obscuring the inner wall contour and affecting the clarity of subsequent image acquisition and the accuracy of contour extraction. Nitrogen is an inert gas and will not react with the high-temperature scraper sleeve, nor will it leave impurities in the central hole, ensuring the safety of detection and subsequent use.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S6 specifically includes: S61, a moving drive mechanism drives a transfer frame to move along a track to a gun head cleaning position, the slag-breaking gun is vertically aligned with the gun head grinding mechanism below, and a lifting drive mechanism drives the slag-breaking gun to descend, so that the slag-breaking gun is ground by the gun head grinding mechanism. After grinding for a preset time, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag-breaking gun to rise to a preset high position. By moving the slag-breaking gun to a dedicated gun head cleaning position through the moving drive mechanism, ensuring that the slag-breaking gun is vertically aligned with the gun head grinding mechanism, and then driving the slag-breaking gun to descend through the lifting drive mechanism, so that the gun head contacts the grinding mechanism, and after grinding for a preset time, rising to a preset high position, the gun head cleaning is completed. In some embodiments, the gun head grinding mechanism may specifically include a fixed base, a rotating base, a rotary drive mechanism, and a grinding disc. The rotating base is rotatably mounted on the fixed base, the rotary drive mechanism is mounted on the fixed base and can drive the rotating base to rotate, and the grinding disc is detachably fixed to the rotating base by fasteners, thereby achieving the grinding of the gun head. Of course, the grinding disc may be provided with a groove adapted to the contour of the gun head, so that the gun head can be inserted to grind the gun head. Of course, the gun head grinding mechanism can also be other structural forms of mechanisms that can achieve gun head grinding and cleaning.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breaking slag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the transfer frame is driven by the moving drive mechanism to move along the track to the preset slag breaking position above the molten steel. At this time, the slag breaking gun is at the preset high position, and the lower end of the slag breaking gun at the preset high position is higher than the slag scraper sleeve. S2, the slag-breaking gun is driven to descend by the lifting drive mechanism on the transfer frame so that the lower end of the slag-breaking gun passes through the slag scraper and extends into the slag layer on the surface of the molten steel to complete the slag-breaking operation. S3. After the slag breaking operation is completed, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise, so that the slag breaking gun is separated from the molten steel and the lower end of the slag breaking gun passes through the slag scraping sleeve. A gap is formed between the slag breaking gun and the slag scraping sleeve, and the slag scraping sleeve is used to scrape off the steel slag adhering to the gun body and gun head of the slag breaking gun. S4, the transfer frame is driven to move along the track by the mobile drive mechanism, so that the slag breaking gun and slag scraper sleeve are removed from the working area above the molten steel; S5, Detect the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve and determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve meets the preset requirements: If it meets the requirements, proceed to step S6; if it does not meet the requirements, clean the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve. After cleaning, return to step S5. S6, clean the nozzle of the slag-breaking gun to remove any residual steel slag.

2. The slag breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 specifically includes: S51, the transfer frame is moved by the moving drive mechanism to move the slag scraper and slag breaking gun to the detection position, so that the camera is placed in the gap between the slag scraper and the slag breaking gun, and the camera and the center hole of the slag scraper are vertically aligned. S52, activate the camera to acquire an image of the center hole of the slag scraper sleeve and obtain the image to be analyzed; S53, analyze and process the image to be analyzed, and determine whether the actual contour of the inner wall of the center hole of the slag scraper meets the preset requirements: if it meets the requirements, proceed to step S6; if it does not meet the requirements, clean the center hole of the slag scraper. After cleaning, return to step S51.

3. The slag breaking method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Light sources are spaced below the camera; when the camera is vertically aligned with the center hole of the scraper sleeve, the light source is located directly below the scraper sleeve; before step S52, the method further includes: turning on the light source so that the actual outline of the inner wall of the center hole is clearly visible under the light.

4. The slag breaking method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preset requirements include at least the degree of overlap between the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole and the standard contour of the central hole being no less than a first preset threshold.

5. The slag breaking method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed specifically includes: S531, extract the baseline circle contour and the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole from the image to be analyzed; S532, align the center point of the reference circle profile with the center point of the reference circle profile in the standard image; S533, the total number of pixels in the closed region of the standard contour is ; S534: Obtain the overlapping area between the closed region of the actual contour and the closed region of the standard contour, and obtain the total number of pixels in the overlapping area. ; S535, according to the formula Calculate the degree of overlap.

6. The slag breaking method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The preset requirements also include that the proportion of the protrusion on the inner wall of the central hole is not higher than the second preset threshold. The analysis and processing of the image to be analyzed further includes: traversing the contour pixels on the actual contour, obtaining the distances between all contour pixels and the center point of the reference circular contour, and taking the maximum value among them. And through the formula Calculate the protrusion ratio.

7. The slag breaking method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S53, if it is determined that the actual contour of the inner wall of the central hole does not meet the preset requirements, the grinding parameters of the sleeve grinding mechanism are automatically adjusted according to the size of the protrusion ratio: if the protrusion ratio is less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with the first feed amount; if the protrusion ratio is greater than the third preset threshold, the grinding mechanism is controlled to grind with the second feed amount, wherein the second feed amount is less than the first feed amount.

8. The slag breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, during the upward movement of the slag-breaking gun, the lifting drive mechanism will drive the slag-breaking gun to perform multiple lifting and lowering reciprocating movements.

9. The slag breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before step S51, the process further includes: purging the central hole of the scraper sleeve with a nitrogen purging device.

10. The slag breaking method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S6 specifically includes: S61, the moving drive mechanism drives the transfer frame to move along the track to the gun head cleaning position, the slag breaking gun is vertically aligned with the gun head grinding mechanism below, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to descend, so that the slag breaking gun is ground by the gun head grinding mechanism. After the preset grinding time, the lifting drive mechanism drives the slag breaking gun to rise to the preset high position.

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