A track-laying apparatus for railway construction

Abstract

The application discloses a track laying device for railway construction and relates to the technical field of railway track laying devices.The track laying device comprises a towing vehicle, a towing groove is arranged at the tail end of the towing vehicle, an equipment box is arranged on the towing vehicle, storage boxes are arranged on the two sides of the equipment box, and the storage boxes are used for storing pulleys for supporting steel rail sliding; further comprising: a pulley automatic placing structure, the pulley automatic placing structure comprises a pulley conveying assembly, an opening and closing assembly and a positioning assembly, the conveying assembly, the opening and closing assembly and the positioning assembly are cooperated with each other to control the conveying and landing precision of the pulleys layer by layer, the error problem caused by manual naked eye positioning and manual placing is avoided, the problems that the pulley spacing is uneven, the centering deviation is large, the pulley supporting stability is poor and the local stress is uneven in the prior art are effectively solved, the stress uniformity and the line smoothness in the long steel rail laying process are effectively ensured, and the track laying construction quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway track laying equipment technology, specifically to a track laying device used in railway construction. Background Technology

[0002] Railway construction is the core link in rail transit engineering construction. Track laying directly determines the smoothness of the line, the stability of train operation and the long service life. At present, high-speed railways and conventional railway lines generally adopt the 500-meter ultra-long seamless steel rail laying process. The long steel rail has a huge self-weight and a long overall rigidity. On site, it is mostly relied on traction vehicles to drag and transport it to the pre-set sleepers or track slabs to complete the alignment and laying.

[0003] In the railway track laying process, the laying of long rails generally relies on tractors to drag the rails to complete the alignment and laying. Long rails have a long overall size and a large self-weight load. When dragged directly, the contact friction resistance between the bottom surface of the rail and the subgrade is extremely high. This not only greatly increases the load on the tractor, but also easily causes scratches on the bottom surface of the rail and damage to the surface of the subgrade. The industry's conventional solution is to install support pulleys at intervals at the bottom of the rail. The pulleys support the rail and convert sliding friction into rolling friction, thereby reducing traction resistance and protecting the rail and subgrade structure.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, the placement of pulleys on construction sites relies entirely on manual operation. During construction, multiple workers must follow the tractor and move synchronously, placing pulleys section by section under the rails as they go. This results in a large overall manpower input and high labor intensity. Manual placement relies on visual positioning, making it easy for the spacing and alignment of pulleys to deviate. Deviated pulleys cannot stably support the rails, leading to rail tilting and uneven stress. Furthermore, the following-movement operation mode increases the on-site safety risks of workers being scraped or run over by the rails. Overall, there are significant shortcomings in both construction efficiency and operational safety. Therefore, we propose a track-laying device for railway construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a track-laying device for railway construction to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a track-laying device for railway construction, comprising a tractor, a traction groove at the rear end of the tractor, an equipment box mounted on the tractor, and storage boxes mounted on both sides of the equipment box for storing pulleys supporting the sliding of the rails; further comprising: an automatic pulley placement structure, the automatic pulley placement structure comprising a pulley conveying component, an opening and closing component, and a positioning component; the conveying component comprising three conveyor belts respectively installed inside two of the storage boxes, the three conveyor belts being staggered and parallel inside the storage boxes, and the storage box having a receiving cavity for accommodating the pulley at the conveying end of the lowest conveyor belt; the conveying component conveys the pulley to the receiving cavity by the action of the conveyor belts. In this system, the opening and closing component is installed at the bottom of the receiving cavity to control its opening and closing, thereby automatically conveying the pulley to the outside of the storage box. The positioning component is installed at the bottom of the storage box, corresponding to the position of the receiving cavity. The positioning component and the opening and closing component work together to position the pulley, ensuring its stability and preventing deviation during conveyance. By equipping the equipment box at the rear of the tractor with dual storage boxes, the system achieves centralized storage of rail-supported pulleys. It also innovatively incorporates an automatic pulley placement structure, integrating three collaborative mechanisms: a conveying component, an opening and closing component, and a positioning component. This replaces the traditional manual pulley placement method, automatically completing the entire process of pulley conveying, conveying, and positioning correction, structurally solving the fundamental operational pain points of manual pulley placement.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying assembly further includes driven rotating rollers rotatably connected to the plurality of conveyor belts respectively. The shaft of each driven rotating roller is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft rotatably connected to the storage tank. A driving rotating roller is drivenly connected to the other end of each conveyor belt. The shaft of each driving rotating roller is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft rotatably connected to the storage tank. A power component is disposed between the two lowest-end second rotating shafts. A guide plate is disposed at the end of the conveying end of each conveyor belt. The guide plate is rotatably adjustable relative to the conveyor belt. A fixed connection is made to the guide plate. The system includes a rotating column, whose axis is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft that is rotatably connected to the storage box. A reset component is installed between the connecting shaft and the storage box. The stable operation of the conveyor belt is achieved through the cooperation of the active rotating roller, the driven rotating roller, and the rotating shaft. Multiple sets of staggered parallel conveyor belts are used to achieve orderly layered conveying of materials by the pulleys. At the same time, the pulleys at the end of the conveying process are guided and limited by the cooperation of the guide plate, the rotating column, and the reset component, and the guide plate is automatically reset to ensure that the pulley conveying process is smooth, without jamming or deviation, and continuously and stably supplies materials to the receiving cavity, ensuring the continuity of the conveying operation.

[0008] Preferably, the power component includes two first spur gears, which are respectively fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft located between the two storage boxes. The outer surfaces of the first spur gears mesh with the second spur gears. The shaft of the second spur gear is fixedly connected to a connecting column that is rotatably connected to the storage box. A first driven wheel is fixedly connected to both the connecting column and the second rotating shaft at the uppermost position. A first belt is drivenly connected to the outer surface of the first driven wheel. A first driving wheel is also drivenly connected to the first belt. The first driving wheel is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft at the lowermost position. A driving component is also connected to the first rotating shaft at the lowermost position. By forming a linkage transmission mechanism through multiple sets of spur gears, driven wheels, and belts, a single power input can drive multiple sets of conveyor belts to operate synchronously. There is no need to configure a separate driving device for each set of conveyor belts, which simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption.

[0009] Preferably, the driving component includes a motor fixed inside the equipment housing. A reducer is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor. Two drive shafts are provided on the reducer. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the end of each drive shaft. A half-tooth gear is fixedly connected to the rotating rod. A third spur gear meshes with the half-tooth gear. The third spur gear is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft at the lowest position. The motor and reducer provide stable and controllable power output. By utilizing the structural design of the dual drive shafts, rotating rod, and half-tooth gear, continuous rotational power is converted into intermittent meshing power, providing power support for subsequent intermittent operations such as pulley conveying, material opening and closing, and positioning correction. This enables the periodic and orderly operation of each mechanism of the equipment and adapts to the step-by-step construction requirements of track laying.

[0010] Preferably, the opening and closing assembly includes a sliding plate slidably disposed at the bottom end of the receiving cavity, the sliding plate being slidably connected to the storage box, a spring fixedly connected to the storage box being fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and a sliding groove adapted to the sliding plate being provided on the storage box. A connecting block slidably connected to the storage box is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and a sliding member for driving the sliding plate to slide is connected to the connecting block. The sliding member is connected to the half-tooth gear, and the sliding plate is driven to slide by the rotation of the half-tooth gear.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding component includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the two connecting blocks respectively. A first rack is fixedly connected to the connecting plate. A fourth flat gear meshes with the outer side of the first rack. A connecting rod rotatably connected to the storage box is fixedly connected to the shaft of the fourth flat gear. The fourth flat gear meshes with the half-tooth gear to ensure that the opening and closing action of the receiving cavity is accurate and smooth, without jamming or deviation, and to ensure that only one set of pulleys is stably discharged at a time, avoiding the accumulation of multiple pulleys and affecting the construction accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning component includes a fixing sleeve fixed to the bottom of each of the two storage boxes, with the two fixing sleeves corresponding to the positions of the two receiving cavities. A sliding strip is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding strip. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and a second rack is fixedly connected to the fixing plate. A fifth spur gear meshes with the outer side of the second rack, and a transmission rod is fixedly connected to the shaft of the fifth spur gear. A transmission component is provided between the two rotating rods. The positioning structure is formed by the fixing sleeve, the sliding strip, and the sliding sleeve, and works synchronously with the opening and closing component and the conveying component throughout the process to correct the position of the pulleys in real time, prevent the pulley conveying offset problem, and ensure the spacing and centering accuracy of the pulley layout.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission component includes a support base fixed to the equipment box, a transmission shaft rotatably connected to the support base, and second driven wheels fixedly connected to both ends of the transmission shaft. A second belt is drivenly connected to the outer side of the second driven wheel, and a second driving wheel is drivenly connected to the second belt. The second driving wheel is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The support base, transmission shaft, second driven wheels, second belt, and second driving wheel form a linkage transmission structure, realizing the synchronous transmission of power from the opening and closing component to the positioning component. This allows the pulley opening and closing for material discharge and the positioning correction action to be synchronized and coordinated with a unified rhythm, eliminating the need for additional power to drive the positioning mechanism. This achieves integrated collaborative operation of the equipment, reducing equipment failure rate and manufacturing costs.

[0014] Preferably, the reset component includes a fixing plate fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, a torsion spring sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and a connecting plate sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft fixedly connected to the end of the torsion spring. The connecting plate and the storage box are fixedly connected, and the fixing plate, the torsion spring and the connecting plate cooperate to form the reset component. After the pulley guides the flow and conveys the flow, it can automatically drive the guide plate and the connecting shaft to reset, so that the guide plate can maintain a standard guiding angle, ensure that the guiding effect of subsequent pulley conveying is consistent, avoid the guide plate from deviating or deforming during long-term operation, ensure the long-term stable operation of the conveying mechanism, and improve the durability of the equipment.

[0015] Preferably, an empty cavity for stacking pulleys is formed between the equipment box and the two storage boxes, and a warning sign is affixed to the equipment box. The empty cavity between the equipment box and the storage boxes enables pulley-assisted stacking, increases the equipment's storage capacity, and adapts to the needs of long-distance track laying operations. The affixed warning sign serves as a safety warning, reminding on-site construction personnel to avoid the equipment's operating area, effectively reducing construction safety risks and improving operational safety.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a track-laying device for railway construction. It comprises a conveying component, an opening / closing component, and a positioning component. The conveying component relies on multiple sets of staggered parallel conveyor belts to ensure orderly and orderly pulley transport, preventing pulley accumulation and providing a foundation for precise placement. This enables continuous automatic material supply. After the conveying component transports the pulleys into the receiving cavity, the opening / closing component uses gear and rack transmission to achieve intermittent and precise opening and closing, strictly controlling the pulley discharge timing and placement spacing to match the track-laying rhythm of the traction vehicle. During this process, the positioning component dynamically aligns and corrects the pulleys throughout the transport, preventing pulley offset, tilting, or misalignment. Through the coordinated operation of the conveying, opening / closing, and positioning components, and the layered control of pulley transport and placement accuracy, the device eliminates errors caused by manual positioning and placement. It effectively solves the problems of uneven pulley spacing and large centering deviations caused by manual placement in existing technologies, leading to poor pulley support stability and uneven local stress. This effectively ensures uniform stress and track smoothness during long rail laying, improving the quality of track-laying construction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying component structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of area A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a front view of the cross-sectional structure of the storage box of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power component structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing component structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding component structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning component and the storage box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the positioning component and the transmission component of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Tractor; 2. Traction trough; 3. Equipment box; 4. Storage box; 5. Automatic pulley placement structure; 6. Receiving cavity; 7. Conveyor belt; 8. Driven rotating roller; 9. First rotating shaft; 10. Driving rotating roller; 11. Second rotating shaft; 12. Power component; 13. Connecting shaft; 14. Rotating column; 15. Guide plate; 16. First spur gear; 17. Second spur gear; 18. Connecting column; 19. First driven wheel; 20. First belt; 21. First driving wheel; 22. Motor; 23. Reducer; 24. Drive shaft; 25. Rotating rod; 26. Half tooth 27. Gear; 28. Third spur gear; 29. ​​Connecting plate; 30. Torsion spring; 31. Fixing plate; 32. Sliding plate; 33. Connecting block; 34. Sliding groove; 35. Connecting rod; 36. Fourth spur gear; 37. First rack; 38. Connecting plate; 39. Fixing sleeve; 40. Sliding strip; 41. Fixing plate; 42. Second rack; 43. Fifth spur gear; 44. Transmission rod; 45. Support base; 46. Transmission shaft; 47. Second driven wheel; 48. Second belt; 49. Second driving wheel; 51. Empty cavity; 52. Warning sign; 53. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-12 This invention provides a technical solution: a track-laying device for railway construction, comprising a tractor 1, a traction groove 2 at the rear end of the tractor 1, an equipment box 3 mounted on the tractor 1, and storage boxes 4 mounted on both sides of the equipment box 3, the storage boxes 4 being used to store pulleys supporting the sliding of the rails; further comprising: an automatic pulley placement structure 5, the automatic pulley placement structure 5 including a pulley conveying component, an opening and closing component, and a positioning component; the conveying component includes three conveyor belts 7 respectively installed inside the two storage boxes 4, the three conveyor belts 7 being staggered relative to each other, and the three conveyor belts 7 being in storage The storage box 4 is arranged in parallel inside, and a receiving cavity 6 for accommodating pulleys is opened at the conveying end of the lowest conveyor belt 7. The conveying component transports the pulleys to the receiving cavity 6 by the action of the conveyor belt 7. The opening and closing component is installed at the bottom of the receiving cavity 6 to control the opening and closing of the receiving cavity 6, thereby automatically discharging the pulleys to the outside of the storage box 4. The positioning component is installed at the bottom of the storage box 4 and its position corresponds to the position of the receiving cavity 6. The positioning component and the opening and closing component are arranged in cooperation to position the pulleys, so that the pulleys remain stable during the discharge process and do not deviate.

[0021] The equipment box 3 and the two storage boxes 4 form an empty cavity 51 for stacking pulleys. A warning sign 52 is also affixed to the equipment box 3. The empty cavity 51 between the equipment box 3 and the storage boxes 4 enables pulley-assisted stacking, increases the equipment's storage capacity, and adapts to the needs of long-distance track laying operations. The affixed warning sign 52 serves as a safety warning, reminding on-site construction personnel to avoid the equipment's operating area, effectively reducing construction safety risks and improving operational safety.

[0022] In addition, by equipping the rear of the tractor with an equipment box 3 and double-sided storage boxes 4, the rail-supported pulleys are centrally stored. At the same time, an innovative automatic pulley placement structure 5 is set up, integrating three major collaborative mechanisms: a conveying component, an opening and closing component, and a positioning component. This can automatically complete the entire process of pulley conveying, discharging, and positioning correction, thus structurally solving the basic operational pain point of manually placing pulleys.

[0023] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 The conveying assembly shown in the figure also includes driven rotating rollers 8 that are rotatably connected to multiple conveyor belts 7. The shaft of the driven rotating roller 8 is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft 9 that is rotatably connected to a storage box 4. The other end of the conveyor belt 7 is drivenly connected to a driving rotating roller 10. The shaft of the driving rotating roller 10 is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft 11 that is rotatably connected to a storage box 4. A power component 12 is provided between the two second rotating shafts 11 at the lowest end. A guide plate 15 is provided at the end of the conveying end of each conveyor belt 7. The guide plate 15 can be rotated and adjusted relative to the conveyor belt 7. A rotating column is fixedly connected to the guide plate 15. 14. The axis of the rotating column 14 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 13, which is rotatably connected to the storage box 4. A reset component is installed between the connecting shaft 13 and the storage box 4. The stable operation of the conveyor belt 7 is achieved through the cooperation of the active rotating roller 10, the driven rotating roller 8 and the rotating shaft. Multiple sets of parallel and staggered conveyor belts 7 are used to achieve orderly layered conveying of the pulleys. At the same time, with the cooperation of the guide plate 15, the rotating column 14 and the reset component, the pulleys at the end of the conveying are guided and limited, and the guide plate 15 is automatically reset to ensure that the pulley conveying process is smooth, without jamming or deviation, and continuously and stably feeds material to the receiving cavity 6, ensuring the continuity of the conveying operation.

[0024] The reset component includes a fixing plate 30 fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 13. A torsion spring 29 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 30 and sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft 13. A connecting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the end of the torsion spring 29 and sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft 13. The connecting plate 28 is fixedly connected to the storage box 4. The fixing plate 30, the torsion spring 29 and the connecting plate 28 cooperate to form the reset component. After the pulley guides the flow, it can automatically drive the guide plate 15 and the connecting shaft 13 to reset, so that the guide plate 15 can maintain the standard guide angle continuously, ensure the consistent guiding effect of subsequent pulley conveying, avoid the guide plate 15 from shifting or deforming during long-term operation, ensure the long-term stable operation of the conveying mechanism and improve the durability of the equipment.

[0025] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The power component 12 shown in the figure includes two first spur gears 16. The two first spur gears 16 are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 11 located in the middle of the two storage boxes 4. The outer side of the first spur gear 16 meshes with the second spur gear 17. The shaft of the second spur gear 17 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 18 which is rotatably connected to the storage box 4. The connecting column 18 and the second rotating shaft 11 at the top position are both fixedly connected to the first driven wheel 19. The outer side of the first driven wheel 19 is drivenly connected to the first belt 20. The first belt 20 is also drivenly connected to the first driving wheel 21. The first driving wheel 21 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 9 at the bottom position. The first rotating shaft 9 at the bottom position is also connected to the driving component. Through the linkage transmission mechanism formed by multiple sets of spur gears, driven wheels and belts, a single power input can drive multiple sets of conveyor belts 7 to operate synchronously. There is no need to configure a separate drive device for each set of conveyor belts 7, which simplifies the equipment structure and reduces energy consumption.

[0026] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The driving components shown in the diagram include a motor 22 fixed inside the equipment box 3. A reducer 23 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 22. Two drive shafts 24 are provided on the reducer 23. A rotating rod 25 is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft 24. A half-tooth gear 26 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 25. A third spur gear 27 meshes with the half-tooth gear 26. The third spur gear 27 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 9 at the bottom. The motor 22 and reducer 23 provide stable and controllable power output. By utilizing the structural design of the double drive shafts 24, rotating rod 25 and half-tooth gear 26, continuous rotational power is converted into intermittent meshing power, providing power support for subsequent intermittent operations such as pulley conveying, opening and closing material discharge, and positioning correction. This enables the periodic and orderly operation of each mechanism of the equipment and adapts to the step-by-step construction requirements of track laying operations.

[0027] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The opening and closing assembly shown in the figure includes a sliding plate 31 slidably disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity 6. The sliding plate 31 is slidably connected to the storage box 4. A spring 53 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 31 and fixedly connected to the storage box 4. The storage box 4 is provided with a sliding groove 33 adapted to the sliding plate 31. A connecting block 32 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 31 and slidably connected to the storage box 4. A sliding member for driving the sliding plate 31 to slide is connected to the connecting block 32. The sliding member is connected to a half-tooth gear 26. The sliding plate 31 is driven to slide by the rotation of the half-tooth gear 26.

[0028] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 The sliding component shown in the figure includes a connecting plate 37 that is fixedly connected to two connecting blocks 32 respectively. A first rack 36 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 37. A fourth spur gear 35 is meshed on the outer side of the first rack 36. A connecting rod 34 that is rotatably connected to the shaft of the fourth spur gear 35 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the fourth spur gear 35. The fourth spur gear 35 is meshed with a half-tooth gear 26 to ensure that the opening and closing action of the receiving cavity 6 is precise and smooth, without jamming or deviation, and to ensure that only one set of pulleys is stably discharged at a time, avoiding the accumulation of multiple pulleys and affecting the construction accuracy.

[0029] Please see Figures 10-12 The positioning component shown in the figure includes fixed sleeves 38 fixed to the bottom of two storage boxes 4 respectively. The two fixed sleeves 38 correspond to the positions of the two receiving cavities 6 respectively. A sliding strip 39 is slidably connected to the fixed sleeve 38. A sliding sleeve 40 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding strip 39. A fixed plate 41 is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve 40. A second rack 42 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 41. A fifth spur gear 43 meshes with the outer side of the second rack 42. A transmission rod 44 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the fifth spur gear 43. A transmission component is provided between the two rotating rods 25. The positioning structure is formed by the fixed sleeves 38, sliding strips 39, and sliding sleeves 40. It works synchronously with the opening and closing component and the conveying component throughout the process, corrects the position of the pulley in real time, eliminates the problem of pulley displacement, and ensures the spacing and centering accuracy of the pulley layout.

[0030] Please see Figures 10-12The transmission components shown in the figure include a support base 45 fixed on the equipment box 3, a transmission shaft 46 rotatably connected to the support base 45, and second driven wheels 47 fixedly connected to both ends of the transmission shaft 46. A second belt 48 is drivenly connected to the outer side of the second driven wheels 47, and a second driving wheel 49 is drivenly connected to the second belt 48. The second driving wheel 49 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 34. The support base 45, transmission shaft 46, second driven wheels 47, second belt 48 and second driving wheel 49 form a linkage transmission structure, realizing the synchronous transmission of power from the opening and closing component to the positioning component. This allows the pulley opening and closing for material discharge and the positioning correction action to be synchronized and coordinated with a unified rhythm, eliminating the need for additional power to drive the positioning mechanism. This achieves integrated collaborative operation of the equipment, reducing equipment failure rate and manufacturing costs.

[0031] Working principle: First, before equipment operation, workers collect a large number of rail support pulleys in the empty cavity 51 between the equipment box 3 and the storage boxes 4 on both sides, as well as inside the storage boxes 4, to prepare for pulley storage. The tractor 1 then moves the entire equipment to the track laying construction area to prepare for track laying. Afterward, the ends of the rails are inserted into the traction grooves 2 to secure them. Then, the tractor 1 starts to pull the rails. During this process, the pulleys will automatically return to the bottom position of the rails at intervals, as detailed below: After the tractor 1 moves the rail a certain distance, the pulley needs to be placed. At this time, the tractor 1 stops moving, and the equipment starts. The motor 22 and reducer 23 inside the equipment box 3 start synchronously. The reducer 23 drives the rotating rods 25 on both sides and the half-tooth gear 26 to rotate synchronously through the double drive shaft 24. During the rotation of the half-tooth gear 26, the tooth segments intermittently mesh: when meshing with the third flat gear 27, it drives the conveying component to operate; when disengaging from the third flat gear 27 and meshing with the fourth flat gear 35, it drives the opening and closing component and the positioning component to operate, so as to realize the time-sharing and orderly operation of conveying, discharging and positioning. Among them, it meshes with the third flat gear 27, drives the first rotating shaft 9 at the bottom to rotate, and then drives the first driving wheel 21 to rotate. Through the first belt 20, it drives the first driven wheels 19 on both sides, the connecting column 18 and the corresponding second rotating shaft 11 to rotate synchronously. Each second rotating shaft 11 drives the driving rotating roller 10 to rotate. In conjunction with the driven rotating roller 8 and the first rotating shaft 9, it drives the three sets of staggered parallel conveyor belts 7 to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the layered and orderly conveying of the pulleys inside the storage box 4. The pulley moves towards the conveying end with the conveyor belt 7. After being guided and limited by the guide plate 15, it is smoothly conveyed to the receiving cavity 6 at the bottom of the storage box 4, completing the automatic material collection of the pulley. The guide plate 15 can rotate slightly adaptively during the pulley guiding process to match the pulley conveying posture. After the conveying is completed, the reset component composed of the torsion spring 29 drives the connecting shaft 13 and the guide plate 15 to automatically reset, ensuring the accuracy of the next guiding operation. Furthermore, while the pulley is conveying and collecting, the half-tooth gear 26 will disengage from the third flat gear 27. At this time, the conveying component will not convey the pulley. After the half-tooth gear 26 disengages from the third flat gear 27, it will engage with the fourth flat gear 35, causing the connecting rod 34 and the fourth flat gear 35 to rotate. This drives the first rack 36 to slide the connecting block 32 and the sliding plate 31 inside the sliding groove 33 through the connecting plate 37, so that the bottom of the receiving cavity 6 opens. When the receiving cavity 6 opens, the collected pulley is automatically discharged downwards. During the sliding of the sliding plate 31, the connecting rod 34 drives the second driving wheel 49 to rotate. Through the transmission cooperation of the second belt 48, the second driven wheel 47 and the transmission shaft 46, the fifth spur gear 43 on both sides is driven to rotate. The rotation of the fifth spur gear 43 drives the second rack 42, the fixed plate 41, the sliding sleeve 40 and the sliding bar 39 to slide, so that the sliding sleeve 40 gradually approaches the ground. After the sliding plate 31 slides to the opening of the receiving cavity 6, the sliding sleeve 40 at this time limits the pulley close to the ground to prevent the pulley from falling directly from a height and causing the position to shift. The fixed sleeve 38, the sliding sleeve 40 and the sliding bar 39 center and limit the pulley and correct its posture, restricting the horizontal shift and tilting of the pulley, and ensuring that the pulley is vertical and centered in the preset position below the rail. Furthermore, after the half-tooth gear 26 disengages from the fourth spur gear 35, the sliding plate 31 loses the driving force of the fourth spur gear 35 and the first rack 36, and slides back to its original position under the action of the spring force of the spring 53, thereby closing the bottom opening of the receiving cavity 6 and preparing for the next conveying of the pulley. During this process, the movement and reset of the sliding plate 31 will cause the first rack 36 to move and reset. At this time, the fourth spur gear 35 will rotate in the opposite direction, which will cause the transmission component to drive the fifth spur gear 43 to rotate in the opposite direction. This will cause the second rack 42 to drive the sliding sleeve 40 and the sliding bar 39 to move and reset in the opposite direction, moving them away from the ground. The sliding sleeve 40 will gradually move away from the pulley from the position on the outer side of the pulley, so that the sliding sleeve 40 will not obstruct the pulley when moving with the tractor 1, and at the same time, it will prepare for the next conveying of the pulley. Throughout the entire operation, multiple sets of gear and belt drive mechanisms enable the synchronous linkage of the actions of each component. The conveyor belt 7 continuously supplies material, the opening and closing components discharge material intermittently, and the positioning components correct in real time. The three work together precisely. At the same time, the traction vehicle 1 drags the rail at a uniform speed, and the equipment moves synchronously with the traction vehicle 1. It continuously, automatically, and precisely lays support pulleys under the rail, converting the sliding friction between the rail and the roadbed into the rolling friction of the pulleys, continuously reducing the traction load. After the entire rail traction is completed, the pulleys are also placed. Then, the rail ends inside the traction groove 2 are released to complete the traction and laying of the rail. It is worth noting that the tractor 1 needs to stop when the pulley is placed. This process takes very little time, basically the time required for half a gear 26 to rotate one revolution, and therefore will not significantly affect the efficiency of rail laying.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A track-laying device for railway construction, comprising: The tractor (1) has a traction groove (2) at its rear end. The tractor (1) is equipped with an equipment box (3). Storage boxes (4) are installed on both sides of the equipment box (3). The storage boxes (4) are used to store pulleys that support the sliding of the rails. Its characteristic is that it further includes: Automatic pulley placement structure (5), the automatic pulley placement structure (5) includes a pulley conveying component, an opening and closing component and a positioning component; The conveying assembly includes three conveyor belts (7) respectively installed inside the two storage boxes (4). The three conveyor belts (7) are staggered and arranged in parallel inside the storage boxes (4). The storage box (4) has a receiving cavity (6) for accommodating pulleys at the conveying end of the lowest conveyor belt (7). The conveying assembly conveys the pulleys to the receiving cavity (6) through the action of the conveyor belts (7). The opening and closing assembly is installed at the bottom of the receiving cavity (6) to control the opening and closing of the receiving cavity (6), thereby automatically discharging the pulleys to the outside of the storage box (4). The positioning component is installed at the bottom of the storage box (4) and its position corresponds to the position of the receiving cavity (6). The positioning component and the opening and closing component are configured to position the pulley and keep it stable during the pulley conveying process.

2. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly also includes driven rotating rollers (8) that are rotatably connected to multiple conveyor belts (7). The shaft of the driven rotating roller (8) is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (9) that is rotatably connected to the storage box (4). The other end of the conveyor belt (7) is drivenly connected to an active rotating roller (10). The shaft of the active rotating roller (10) is fixedly connected to a second rotating shaft (11) that is rotatably connected to the storage box (4). A power component (12) is provided between the two second rotating shafts (11) at the lowest end. A guide plate (15) is provided at the end of the conveying end of each conveyor belt (7). The guide plate (15) can be rotated and adjusted relative to the conveyor belt (7). A rotating column (14) is fixedly connected to the guide plate (15). The shaft of the rotating column (14) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (13) that is rotatably connected to the storage box (4). A reset component is installed between the connecting shaft (13) and the storage box (4).

3. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power component (12) includes two first spur gears (16). The two first spur gears (16) are fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft (11) located in the middle of the two storage boxes (4). The outer side of the first spur gear (16) meshes with the second spur gear (17). The shaft of the second spur gear (17) is fixedly connected to the connecting column (18) which is rotatably connected to the storage box (4). The connecting column (18) and the second rotating shaft (11) at the uppermost position are both fixedly connected to the first driven wheel (19). The outer side of the first driven wheel (19) is connected to the first belt (20). The first belt (20) is also connected to the first driving wheel (21). The first driving wheel (21) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (9) at the lowermost position. The first rotating shaft (9) at the lowermost position is also connected to the driving component.

4. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component includes a motor (22) fixed inside the equipment box (3). A reducer (23) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (22). Two drive shafts (24) are provided on the reducer (23). A rotating rod (25) is fixedly connected to the end of the drive shaft (24). A half-tooth gear (26) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (25). A third spur gear (27) meshes with the half-tooth gear (26). The third spur gear (27) is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft (9) at the lowest position.

5. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a sliding plate (31) slidably disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity (6). The sliding plate (31) is slidably connected to the storage box (4). A spring (53) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (31) and is fixedly connected to the storage box (4). A sliding groove (33) adapted to the sliding plate (31) is provided on the storage box (4). A connecting block (32) slidably connected to the storage box (4) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (31). A sliding member for driving the sliding plate (31) to slide is connected to the connecting block (32). The sliding member is connected to the half gear (26). The sliding plate (31) is driven to slide by the rotation of the half gear (26).

6. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding member includes a connecting plate (37) fixedly connected to the two connecting blocks (32) respectively. A first rack (36) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (37). A fourth spur gear (35) meshes with the outer side of the first rack (36). A connecting rod (34) rotatably connected to the storage box (4) is fixedly connected to the axis of the fourth spur gear (35). The fourth spur gear (35) meshes with the half gear (26).

7. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning component includes a fixing sleeve (38) fixed to the bottom of the two storage boxes (4) respectively. The two fixing sleeves (38) correspond to the positions of the two receiving cavities (6) respectively. A sliding strip (39) is slidably connected to the fixing sleeve (38). A sliding sleeve (40) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding strip (39). A fixing plate (41) is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (40). A second rack (42) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (41). A fifth spur gear (43) meshes with the outer side of the second rack (42). A transmission rod (44) is fixedly connected to the shaft of the fifth spur gear (43). A transmission component is provided between the two rotating rods (25).

8. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission component includes a support base (45) fixed on the equipment box (3), a transmission shaft (46) rotatably connected to the support base (45), a second driven wheel (47) fixedly connected to both ends of the transmission shaft (46), a second belt (48) drivingly connected to the outer side of the second driven wheel (47), a second driving wheel (49) drivingly connected to the second belt (48), and the second driving wheel (49) fixedly connected to the connecting rod (34).

9. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reset component includes a fixing plate (30) fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (13), a torsion spring (29) sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft (13) fixedly connected to the fixing plate (30), a connecting plate (28) sleeved on the outer side of the connecting shaft (13) fixedly connected to the end of the torsion spring (29), and the connecting plate (28) fixedly connected to the storage box (4).

10. The track-laying equipment for railway construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: An empty cavity (51) for stacking pulleys is formed between the equipment box (3) and the two storage boxes (4), and a warning sign (52) is also affixed to the equipment box (3).

Images