Speed-displacement type composite multi-dimensional vibration control system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a velocity-displacement composite multidimensional vibration control system and method, comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder coaxially fitted together, a viscous damper axially positioned between the inner and outer cylinders, and a shape memory alloy energy dissipation component. The shape memory alloy energy dissipation component includes a shape memory alloy cable, a force-transmitting steel cable, and a fixed pulley fixed to the inner cylinder. The force-transmitting steel cable passes through the fixed pulley and connects to the shape memory alloy cable, which is connected to the outer cylinder. When radial relative displacement occurs, the force-transmitting steel cable converts the radial displacement into axial displacement through the fixed pulley, causing the shape memory alloy cable to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement-type damping force and self-resetting force. This invention achieves the conversion from radial vibration to axial deformation through pulley rotation, enabling the same set of shape memory alloy cables to respond to multi-directional deformation. Axial damping utilizes velocity-type viscous damping, while radial damping utilizes displacement-type shape memory alloy damping; the two energy dissipation mechanisms operate independently and are controlled collaboratively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of energy dissipation and vibration reduction in engineering structures, and particularly relates to a velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing length, flexibility, and complexity of service environments in transportation infrastructure, civil structures such as bridges are inevitably affected by a combination of dynamic and quasi-static forces, including earthquakes, wind, traffic, and temperature loads, during operation. Significant vibration responses may occur in the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical directions. Poor control of these vibrations can easily lead to damage to structural components, failure of connections, and degradation of service performance, and in severe cases, even threaten structural safety.

[0003] Existing structural vibration reduction and energy dissipation technologies are mostly designed for single-direction or single-type loads. In actual engineering, structures often bear multi-directional load coupling simultaneously, and single-direction vibration control methods are insufficient to meet overall performance requirements. Especially in three-dimensional vibration reduction control, existing technologies still face the following shortcomings: 1) Separate installation leads to complex device layout and low space utilization. 2) Vibration control requirements differ significantly in different directions, making coordinated design difficult.

[0004] To this end, relevant researchers have conducted related explorations:

[0005] Patent 1 (CN202411794026.8) proposes a prestressed shape memory alloy damper, which uses prestress to reduce the yield strength of the shape memory alloy component and adds a viscous damper to provide additional energy dissipation. However, its control direction is singular, and the viscous damper is perpendicular to the expected control direction, resulting in limited horizontal force component.

[0006] Patent 2 (CN201720053138.7) proposes a viscous damping fluid composite SMA damper, which provides a self-resetting function by setting shape memory alloy cables on both sides of the oil reservoir of the viscous damper. However, its control direction is singular, and in order to meet the deformation requirements of the shape memory alloy cables, the total length of the damper needs to be significantly increased, which requires a large installation space and is prone to deflection due to its own weight, affecting the normal movement of the piston.

[0007] Patent 3 (CN201910562900.8) proposes a self-resetting viscous composite damper that uses a U-shaped shape memory alloy component to provide a self-resetting function. However, its control direction is singular, and the deformation capacity of the U-shaped shape memory alloy component is limited, making it difficult to meet the large displacement requirements of large-scale civil engineering structures.

[0008] Patent 4 (CN202410080906.2) proposes a displacement-enhancing composite bridge anti-falling beam limiting device, which utilizes pulleys and shape memory alloy wires to provide displacement amplification and self-resetting capability. However, its control direction is singular, and it uses two sets of shape memory alloy wires for axial tension and compression, resulting in low material utilization. More importantly, its shape memory alloy wires are directly wound around the pulleys, and under repeated deformation and sliding during service, the contact surface between the wires and the pulleys is prone to wear, posing a potential risk to long-term durability.

[0009] In conclusion, it is necessary to improve the existing vibration reduction devices. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The main objective of this invention is to provide a velocity-displacement composite multidimensional vibration control system and method that can achieve coordinated control of longitudinal, lateral and vertical vibrations within a limited installation space, so as to meet the comprehensive performance requirements of the structure under different directions and different load conditions.

[0011] Therefore, the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system provided by the present invention includes:

[0012] An outer cylinder and an inner cylinder are coaxially fitted together, wherein the outer cylinder is used to connect the first part of the bridge structure and the inner cylinder is used to connect the second part of the bridge structure;

[0013] Multiple sets of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components are evenly distributed in the annular cavity between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. Each set of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components includes a shape memory alloy cable, a fixed pulley fixed on the inner cylinder, and a force transmission steel cable with one end connected to the outer cylinder and the other end passing around the fixed pulley and connected to the shape memory alloy cable. The extension direction of the shape memory alloy cable is along the axial direction of the inner cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder.

[0014] A viscous damper is coaxially disposed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and is used to generate velocity-type damping force during axial relative motion. The two ends of the viscous damper are respectively connected to the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder through ball joints.

[0015] The shape memory alloy energy dissipation component is configured such that when the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder undergo radial relative displacement, the force transmission cable converts the radial displacement into axial displacement through the fixed pulley, causing the shape memory alloy cable to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement-type damping force and self-resetting force.

[0016] Specifically, the viscous damper includes a piston rod, a cylinder, and a piston head. The cylinder is filled with silicone oil, and the piston head is slidably assembled in the cylinder. The piston rod drives the piston head to reciprocate within the cylinder, forcing the silicone oil to flow through the gap between the piston head and the cylinder, generating a damping force proportional to the velocity.

[0017] Specifically, the inner cylinder is provided with a first ball joint, the ball seat of the first ball joint is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, and the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the ball of the first ball joint; the end of the piston rod is connected to the outer cylinder through a second ball joint.

[0018] Specifically, the force-transmitting steel cable and the shape memory alloy cable are detachably connected by cable clamps to facilitate the replacement of the shape memory alloy cable.

[0019] Specifically, the shape memory alloy cable and the fixed pulley are not in direct contact, and are isolated by the force transmission steel cable as an intermediate force transmission component.

[0020] The present invention also provides a velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control method, comprising: fixing the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder to the first part and the second part of the bridge structure, respectively;

[0021] When the first part and the second part undergo axial relative displacement, the viscous damper generates a velocity-type damping force to control the axial vibration.

[0022] When the first part and the second part undergo radial relative displacement, the radial displacement is converted into axial displacement through the force transmission steel cable and the fixed pulley, causing the shape memory alloy cable to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement damping force and self-resetting force to control radial vibration.

[0023] When the first and second parts simultaneously undergo axial and radial relative displacement, the viscous damper and the shape memory alloy energy dissipation component work independently and do not interfere with each other, thereby achieving coordinated control of axial and radial vibration.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. By cleverly setting pulleys on the outer cylinder, the conversion from radial vibration to axial deformation is realized, allowing the same shape memory alloy cable to serve both axial and radial directions simultaneously, while avoiding additional requirements for radial installation space; at the same time, through the independent configuration of two energy dissipation mechanisms, velocity type and displacement type, it can adapt to the vibration control requirements of different directions and different frequency response characteristics.

[0026] 2. Integrating multi-dimensional vibration reduction functions into a single device avoids the problems of complex structure, crowded nodes, and limited installation space caused by the dispersed arrangement of vibration reduction devices in different directions in existing technologies. By employing a composite configuration of different types of vibration reduction elements, the device can provide differentiated vibration control capabilities for load requirements of different directions and natures. Axial focus is placed on structural vibration directions with larger stroke requirements, while radial focus is placed on structural vibration directions with larger self-resetting requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side cross-sectional view of the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working mechanism of the shape memory alloy energy dissipation component during axial deformation provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working mechanism of the shape memory alloy energy dissipation component during radial deformation provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system provided by the present invention;

[0030] The components are: 1. Outer cylinder; 2. Inner cylinder; 3. Shape memory alloy energy dissipation component; 301. Shape memory alloy cable; 302. Fixed pulley; 303. Force transmission cable; 4. Viscous damper; 401. Piston rod; 402. Cylinder body; 403. Piston head; 404. Seal; 5. Annular cavity; 6. First ball joint; 7. Second ball joint; 8. Cable clamp; 9. Cable anchor head; 10. Shape memory alloy anchor head. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0034] See Figures 1-3 A velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system includes an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, shape memory alloy energy dissipation components 3, and a viscous damper 4. The outer cylinder 1 is coaxially sleeved outside the inner cylinder 2. The outer cylinder 1 is used to connect the first part of the bridge structure and plays a role in protecting the core energy dissipation components and transmitting damping force. The inner cylinder 2 is used to connect the second part of the bridge structure. An annular cavity 5 is formed between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2. Multiple sets of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components 3 are evenly distributed circumferentially in the annular cavity 5. Each set of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components 3 includes... The system comprises a shape memory alloy cable 301, a fixed pulley 302 fixed to the inner cylinder 2, and a force-transmitting steel cable 303, one end of which is connected to the outer cylinder 1, and the other end of which passes over the fixed pulley 302 and is connected to the shape memory alloy cable 301. The shape memory alloy cable 301 extends along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2, and its other end is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 1. A viscous damper 4 is coaxially disposed between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 to generate velocity-type damping force during axial relative movement. The two ends of the viscous damper 4 are connected to the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1 respectively via ball joints.

[0035] The shape memory alloy energy dissipation component 3 is configured such that when the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 undergo radial relative displacement, the force transmission steel cable 303 converts the radial displacement into axial displacement through the fixed pulley 302, causing the shape memory alloy cable 301 to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement-type damping force and self-resetting force.

[0036] The working process of the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system of the above structure is as follows:

[0037] (1) Axial vibration control: When the structure undergoes longitudinal relative displacement, the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 move axially relative to each other. The piston rod 401 drives the piston head 403 to move, and the silicone oil shear generates a velocity-type damping force. This damping force is positively correlated with the movement speed and can effectively dissipate energy over a wide frequency range. At the same time, the axial displacement will cause the shape memory alloy cable 301 to produce a small-amplitude additional deformation, but since its axial stiffness is much greater than that of the viscous damping component, the main energy dissipation is still borne by the viscous component, such as... Figure 4 As shown.

[0038] (2) Radial vibration control: such as Figure 5 As shown, when the structure undergoes lateral and vertical relative displacement, the outer cylinder 1 wobbles radially relative to the inner cylinder 2. The force transmission cable 303 converts the lateral and vertical displacement (radial) into axial displacement through the fixed pulley 302, causing the shape memory alloy cable 301 to stretch and deform, generating displacement-type damping force. After the load is unloaded, the hyperelasticity of the shape memory alloy cable 301 allows it to return to its original length, providing self-resetting force.

[0039] (3) Combined vibration control: When axial and radial displacements occur simultaneously, the two energy dissipation mechanisms respond independently: the viscous damper 4 adapts to radial rotation through a ball joint and does not generate additional bending moment; the shape memory alloy cable 301 transmits force through the steel cable, and the axial displacement has little effect on it. The two are decoupled in structure to achieve coordinated control without interfering with each other.

[0040] As is well known, the maximum recoverable strain of shape memory alloy cable 301 is around 10%, meaning the total length of the shape memory alloy cable 301 must be at least 10 times the structural displacement. This application cleverly uses a pulley structure on the outer cylinder 1 to convert the lateral and vertical displacements (radial displacement) of the structure to the axial direction of the inner cylinder 2. Since the Young's modulus of steel is much greater than that of shape memory alloy, and the deformation of the radial force-transmitting cable 303 is negligible, only a sufficient sliding length needs to be reserved, which is only slightly greater than the structural displacement. This saves 9 times the structural displacement space in the radial direction, significantly reducing lateral and vertical installation space.

[0041] This embodiment achieves the conversion from radial vibration to axial deformation by cleverly setting pulleys on the outer cylinder 1, so that the same shape memory alloy cable 301 can serve both axial and radial directions at the same time, and avoids the additional requirement for radial installation space; at the same time, by independently configuring two energy dissipation mechanisms, namely velocity type and displacement type, it can adapt to the vibration control requirements of different directions and different frequency response characteristics.

[0042] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The viscous damper 4 includes a piston rod 401, a cylinder 402, and a piston head 403. The cylinder 402 is filled with silicone oil, and the piston head 403 is slidably assembled in the cylinder 402. Seals 404 are provided at both ends of the cylinder 402 to prevent silicone oil leakage. The piston rod 401 drives the piston head 403 to reciprocate in the cylinder 402, forcing the silicone oil to flow through the gap between the piston head 403 and the cylinder 402, generating a damping force proportional to the speed.

[0043] The inner cylinder 2 is equipped with a first ball joint 6, the ball seat of which is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 2. The cylinder body 402 is fixedly connected to the ball of the first ball joint 6. The end of the piston rod 401 is connected to the outer cylinder 1 through a second ball joint 7, ensuring that the viscous damper 4 can rotate slightly without being damaged under radial displacement. Under axial displacement, the piston rod 401 drives the piston head 403 to move, causing shear friction in the silicone oil inside, thereby providing velocity-based damping force. The cylinder body 402 of the viscous damper 4 is placed in the ball of the first ball joint 6 in the inner cylinder 2, ensuring that the cylinder body 402 remains fixed to the inner cylinder 2 under axial displacement, while the viscous damper 4 can rotate slightly without being damaged under radial displacement.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the force transmission cable 303 and the shape memory alloy cable 301 are detachably connected by a cable clamp 8 to facilitate the replacement of the shape memory alloy cable 301. The shape memory alloy cable 301 has no direct contact with the fixed pulley 302, and is isolated by the force transmission cable 303 as an intermediate force transmission component.

[0045] In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy cable 301 is isolated by the force-transmitting steel cable 303 as an intermediate force-transmitting component, ensuring that the shape memory alloy cable 301 is arranged entirely axially, thus its deformation also occurs axially. This design avoids the introduction of geometric nonlinearity, thereby greatly reducing the workload at the design level. In addition, the above arrangement utilizes the steel cable and pulley structure to realize the transmission and transformation of deformation. The Young's modulus and wear resistance of the steel cable are much greater than those of the shape memory alloy material, so it can also better transmit deformation and improve the durability of the contact parts with the pulley.

[0046] Specifically, the force transmission cable 303 is fixed to the inner cylinder 2 wall via the cable anchor head 9. After passing through the fixed pulley 302, the force transmission cable 303 is connected to the shape memory alloy cable 301 via the cable clamp 8. The shape memory alloy cable 301 is connected to the outer cylinder 1 wall via the shape memory alloy anchor head 10. The function of the cable is to transmit the damping force generated by the deformation of the shape memory alloy cable 301. The function of the fixed pulley 302 is to convert the radial displacement to the axial displacement, thereby reducing the installation space requirement of the shape memory alloy cable 301. The shape memory alloy cable 301 utilizes the superelasticity of the material to achieve hysteretic energy dissipation. At the same time, due to the characteristic that there is basically no residual deformation after the load is unloaded, it can provide a self-resetting function.

[0047] See Figures 1-6 The present invention also provides a velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control method, comprising:

[0048] The outer cylinder 1 is fixed to the main beam of the bridge structure, and the inner cylinder 2 is fixed to the bridge piers or towers. When the main beam and the piers or towers undergo axial relative displacement, the viscous damper 4 generates a velocity-type damping force to control the axial vibration.

[0049] When the main beam and the pier or tower undergo radial relative displacement, the radial displacement is converted into axial displacement through the force transmission steel cable 303 and the fixed pulley 302, causing the shape memory alloy cable 301 to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement damping force and self-resetting force to control radial vibration.

[0050] When the main beam and the pier or tower undergo axial and radial relative displacement simultaneously, the viscous damper 4 and the shape memory alloy energy dissipation component 3 work independently and do not interfere with each other, thereby achieving coordinated control of axial and radial vibration.

[0051] This invention integrates multi-dimensional vibration reduction functions into a single device, avoiding the problems of complex structure, crowded nodes, and limited installation space caused by the dispersed arrangement of vibration reduction devices in different directions in existing technologies. It employs a composite configuration of different types of vibration reduction elements, enabling the device to provide differentiated vibration control capabilities for loads of different directions and natures. Axial focus is placed on structural vibration directions with larger stroke requirements, while radial focus is placed on structural vibration directions with larger self-resetting requirements.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system, characterized in that, include: An outer cylinder (1) and an inner cylinder (2) are coaxially sleeved together. The outer cylinder (1) is used to connect the first part of the bridge structure, and the inner cylinder (2) is used to connect the second part of the bridge structure. Multiple sets of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components (3) are evenly distributed in the annular cavity (5) between the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2). Each set of shape memory alloy energy dissipation components (3) includes a shape memory alloy cable (301), a fixed pulley (302) fixed on the inner cylinder (2), and a force transmission steel cable (303) with one end connected to the outer cylinder (1) and the other end passing around the fixed pulley (302) and connected to the shape memory alloy cable (301). The extension direction of the shape memory alloy cable (301) is along the axial direction of the inner cylinder (2), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder (1). A viscous damper (4) is coaxially disposed between the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2) to generate a velocity-type damping force during axial relative motion. The two ends of the viscous damper (4) are respectively connected to the inner cylinder (2) and the outer cylinder (1) through ball joints. The shape memory alloy energy dissipation component (3) is configured such that when the outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2) undergo radial relative displacement, the force transmission cable (303) converts the radial displacement into axial displacement through the fixed pulley (302), causing the shape memory alloy cable (301) to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement-type damping force and self-resetting force.

2. The velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscous damper (4) includes a piston rod (401), a cylinder (402), and a piston head (403). The cylinder (402) is filled with silicone oil. The piston head (403) is slidably assembled in the cylinder (402). The piston rod (401) drives the piston head (403) to reciprocate in the cylinder (402), forcing the silicone oil to flow through the gap between the piston head (403) and the cylinder (402), generating a damping force proportional to the speed.

3. The velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (2) is provided with a first ball joint (6), the ball seat of the first ball joint (6) is fixedly connected to the inner cylinder (2), and the cylinder body (402) is fixedly connected to the ball of the first ball joint (6); the end of the piston rod (401) is connected to the outer cylinder (1) through a second ball joint (7).

4. The velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission cable (303) and the shape memory alloy cable (301) are detachably connected by a cable clamp (8) to facilitate the replacement of the shape memory alloy cable (301).

5. The velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy cable (301) has no direct contact with the fixed pulley (302), and is isolated by the force transmission cable (303) as an intermediate force transmission component.

6. The velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first part is the main beam, and the second part is the pier or tower.

7. A multidimensional vibration control method based on the velocity-displacement type composite multidimensional vibration control system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The outer cylinder (1) and the inner cylinder (2) are respectively fixed to the first and second parts of the bridge structure; When the first part and the second part undergo axial relative displacement, the viscous damper (4) generates a velocity-type damping force to control the axial vibration. When the first part and the second part undergo radial relative displacement, the radial displacement is converted into axial displacement through the force transmission steel cable (303) and the fixed pulley (302), causing the shape memory alloy cable (301) to undergo axial tensile deformation, thereby generating displacement damping force and self-resetting force, and realizing the control of radial vibration. When the first and second parts simultaneously undergo axial and radial relative displacement, the viscous damper (4) and the shape memory alloy energy dissipation component (3) work independently and do not interfere with each other, thereby achieving coordinated control of axial and radial vibration.

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