A grout filling and self-feedback filling fullness device and method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of underground foundation engineering and foundation pit supporting construction, and specifically discloses a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device and method. The device comprises a grouting pipe, an exhaust pipe, a slurry guide pipe, a sectional sliding sleeve assembly, a pressure trigger type locking mechanism, a grouting port, an exhaust port, an exhaust valve and a pressure sensor. The slurry guide pipe is fixed to a steel web, a plurality of coaxial sliding sleeves are coaxially sleeved in the slurry guide pipe, each coaxial sliding sleeve is provided with a pressure trigger type locking mechanism at a proximal end, and the preset trigger pressures of different coaxial sliding sleeves gradually increase from the distal end to the proximal end. When grouting, the slurry accumulates and increases the pressure in the guide pipe, and each coaxial sliding sleeve is unlocked in turn according to the trigger pressure. The application solves the problem that the far-end cavity cannot be filled due to slurry short circuit in principle, realizes directional dense filling of the cavity at the shielding part and self-feedback judgment of filling fullness, and guarantees the safety performance of the supporting structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground foundation engineering and foundation pit support construction technology, specifically involving a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device and method. It is mainly applied to the grouting filling and density self-feedback monitoring of cavity defects at the back side of the steel flange and the inside corner of the web in deep foundation pits, underground structure retaining and foundation support projects using steel-shotcrete composite structures. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of underground foundations, deep foundation pits, and underground structure retaining structures using steel-framed shotcrete structures, the support structure formed by the combination of steel and shotcrete relies on the bending stiffness of the steel, the overall coverage of the shotcrete surface, and the force transmission through the interface between the two to jointly resist external soil pressure, water pressure, and construction disturbance. To ensure the combined structure can withstand forces collaboratively, the shotcrete must tightly wrap around the steel without leaving any cavities, which places extremely high demands on the compactness of the concrete filling.

[0003] However, due to the inherent limitations of shotcrete construction technology and the poor fluidity of the mix, concrete material is difficult to fully fill the internal corner space behind the steel flange during the spraying process, easily resulting in local cavities, voids, or insufficient compaction defects at the steel corners. These defects are difficult to identify due to their concealed appearance, but they cause discontinuity in the contact between the steel and the shotcrete, significantly reducing the overall stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the composite structure, and causing stress concentration, seriously affecting the structural durability and long-term service safety.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies primarily improve filling effects by adjusting the spraying angle and optimizing the spraying distance. However, these methods are constrained by factors such as narrow pit space and obstruction by steel flanges, and can only reduce the probability of cavity formation, not fundamentally eliminate the defects. Subsequent grouting reinforcement processes generally suffer from complex pipeline layouts, cumbersome construction procedures, and the risk of grout short-circuiting leading to ineffective filling of distant cavities. Furthermore, the lack of intuitive and accurate density testing methods after grouting makes it difficult to determine whether cavities in the corners are completely filled, hindering grouting quality control and leaving structural stress risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device and method capable of directional dense filling of obstructed areas and providing reliable feedback on the filling fullness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device to solve the problems in the prior art where the back side of the steel flange and the inside corner of the web of the steel shotcrete support structure are filled with cavities due to insufficient filling by the shotcrete, as well as the problems in the subsequent grouting reinforcement process where the grouting pipeline is complicated, the grout is prone to short circuits leading to ineffective filling of the cavities at the far end, and the filling density cannot be directly and accurately judged after grouting is completed.

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device, comprising: Grouting pipes are used to inject grout into grout conduits. Each grouting pipe is arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the web of the steel profile, and the axis of each grouting pipe is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel profile. Exhaust pipes are used to expel air from the cavity. Each exhaust pipe is discretely arranged on the upper surface of the web of the steel profile and spaced between adjacent grouting pipes. The axis of each exhaust pipe is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel profile. The grout conduit is attached and fixed to the lower surface of the steel web along the extension direction of the steel web. Multiple grout seepage holes are opened on the conduit wall along the axial direction. The conduit body is a ring-shaped structure or closed at both ends. The segmented sliding sleeve assembly is coaxially sleeved inside the grout conduit and includes multiple independent coaxial sliding sleeves arranged along the axial direction. Each coaxial sliding sleeve has a hole that can be aligned with the grout seepage hole. A pressure-triggered locking mechanism is located at the proximal end of each coaxial sleeve to lock the coaxial sleeve in its initial position, which offsets its orifice from the grouting hole to close the grouting hole. Both the grouting port and the vent are through holes pre-installed on the web of the steel profile. The grouting pipe passes through the grouting port and connects to the grout conduit on the lower side of the steel profile web. The venting pipe passes through the vent and connects to the grout conduit on the lower side of the steel profile web. An exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe; A pressure sensor, installed on the exhaust pipe, is used to monitor the grouting pressure; In this process, the grout enters the grout conduit simultaneously through multiple grouting pipes. As the pressure gradually increases, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of the corresponding coaxial sliding sleeve is triggered to unlock, aligning the hole of the coaxial sliding sleeve with the grout seepage hole, thus achieving sequential segmented grouting from the far end to the near end, and venting is carried out through the vent pipe.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness method, based on the above-mentioned grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device, comprising the following steps: SS1: Pre-open grouting ports and vents on the web of the steel profile, and position the steel profile; assemble the grout conduit and segmented sliding sleeve assembly, and adjust the trigger pressure of the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of each coaxial sliding sleeve; SS2: Arrange and fix the grout conduit along the web of the steel section, pass the grouting pipe through the grouting port and connect it to the grout conduit, pass the vent pipe through the vent port and connect it to the grout conduit, and after protecting the grouting pipe and the vent pipe, apply shotcrete. SS3: After the shotcrete has initially set, a pressure sensor and an exhaust valve are connected in series on the exhaust pipe; grouting begins through the grouting pipe at the initial pressure. The grout accumulates and pressurizes inside the grout conduit. From the far end to the near end of the grout conduit, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of each coaxial sliding sleeve unlocks sequentially when its preset trigger pressure is reached, so that the grouting holes in the corresponding sections open sequentially, realizing sequential grouting and filling from the far end cavity to the near end cavity. SS4: Keep the vent valve open during grouting. When the cavity is filled with grout, the vent pipe will release grout, triggering the vent valve to close automatically. The pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor will reach the preset stable value and be maintained. This indicates that the cavity is fully filled and the grouting process ends. SS5: Remove the grouting pipe and vent pipe, seal the grouting port and vent, and carry out curing.

[0008] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention achieves the segmented directional filling of grout from the far end cavity to the near end cavity through a pressure-driven sequential opening grouting structure. In the initial stage of grouting, all grout seepage holes are closed, and the grout accumulates and pressurizes in the grout conduit. Each coaxial sliding sleeve unlocks sequentially from low to high according to the preset trigger pressure. The far end section is given priority for grout discharge. After the section is filled, the pressure continues to rise before triggering the opening of the next section. In principle, this eliminates the problem of grout short circuit caused by the blockage after the near end discharges grout, which prevents the far end from being filled. This ensures that all hidden cavities on the back side of the steel flange and the inside corner of the web are completely and densely filled.

[0009] (2) This invention achieves self-feedback judgment of grout filling fullness by using a pressure sensor and an exhaust valve connected in series on the exhaust pipe. During the grouting process, air is continuously discharged through the exhaust pipe. When the cavity is filled with grout, the grout enters the exhaust pipe, triggering the exhaust valve to close automatically. At the same time, the pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor reaches a preset stable value and is maintained, thus allowing for intuitive and accurate judgment of filling fullness. Further magnetic induction monitoring can provide real-time feedback on the axial displacement status of each coaxial sliding sleeve, enabling operators to accurately grasp the grouting progress of each section, which is corroborated by pressure monitoring.

[0010] (3) The present invention improves the construction adaptability and operational reliability of the device through the design of anti-rotation guide structure, spiral guide hole and adjustable integrated flange buckle. The anti-rotation guide structure ensures that the hole and the grouting hole are precisely aligned after the coaxial sliding sleeve slides. The spiral guide hole makes the grout form a swirling jet, which throws the aggregate into the deep corner of the cavity and prevents the pipe from being blocked. The adjustable buckle can adapt to the web of steel with different thicknesses, ensuring that the grout conduit is stable and does not shift during high-pressure grouting and concrete spraying. The overall structure is easy to install and disassemble, and the construction efficiency is significantly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the grouting and self-feedback filling fullness device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the steel structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry conduit being fixed in the steel profile in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slurry conduit and coaxial sliding sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of point A in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the alignment of the holes and grouting holes in the coaxial sliding sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change process of the pressure-triggered locking mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the slurry conduit and coaxial sliding sleeve in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a diagram of the integrated flange snap-fit ​​structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the steel profile inside corner cavity before filling in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the steel profile inside corner cavity after filling in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a flowchart of the grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness method in an embodiment of the present invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-grouting pipe; 2-vent pipe; 3-pressure sensor; 4-vent valve; 5-steel section; 6-grouting port; 7-vent port; 8-integrated flange buckle; 9-grout conduit; 10-grout seepage hole; 11-coaxial sliding sleeve; 12-hole; 13-elastic sealing ring; 14-pressure triggered locking mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0013] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0014] To fully understand this invention, detailed steps and structures will be presented in the following description to illustrate the technical solution of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below; however, in addition to these detailed descriptions, the invention may have other embodiments.

[0015] Example 1: Grouting and Self-Feedback Filling Fullness Device like Figures 1 to 11 In one embodiment of the grouting and self-feedback filling fullness device of the present invention, the grouting and self-feedback filling fullness device includes a grouting pipe 1, an exhaust pipe 2, a grout conduit 9, a segmented sliding sleeve assembly, a pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14, a grouting port 6, an exhaust port 7, an exhaust valve 4, and a pressure sensor 3.

[0016] Multiple grouting pipes 1 are provided, and each grouting pipe is arranged discretely at intervals on the upper surface of the web of the steel section 5. The axis of each grouting pipe 1 is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel section, and the axis of each vent pipe is also basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel section. Their function is to inject grout into the grout conduit 9. The grouting pipe 1 is made of high-density polyethylene pipe with an outer diameter of 25 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. This material and size ensure the rigidity of the pipeline itself, while also providing good bending capacity, making it easy to lay out in narrow foundation pit spaces, and able to withstand the high pressure during the grouting process without breaking.

[0017] Multiple exhaust pipes 2 are also provided, each discretely arranged on the upper surface of the web of the steel section 5, and spaced apart between adjacent grouting pipes 1. The axis of each exhaust pipe 2 is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel section 5. Its function is to expel the air in the cavity to be filled, making room for the grout to enter. The exhaust pipes 2 are also made of high-density polyethylene pipes with an outer diameter of 25 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm. Their material and dimensions are the same as those of the grouting pipes 1, which facilitates unified procurement and installation.

[0018] The grout conduit 9 is fixed to the lower surface of the web of the steel section 5 along its extension direction. The conduit body has an overall annular or closed-end structure. The grout conduit 9 is also made of high-density polyethylene, with multiple grout infiltration holes 10 distributed axially on its wall. The diameter of the infiltration holes 10 is 8 mm to 10 mm, and the spacing between adjacent infiltration holes 10 is 150 mm to 200 mm. This spacing covers the axially distributed cavity areas on the back side of the flange and the inner corner of the web of the steel section 5, ensuring that each potential cavity section has a corresponding grout outlet and avoiding grouting blind spots. The outer diameter of the grout conduit 9 is 25 mm, and the wall thickness is 2 mm to ensure sufficient rigidity and prevent flattening or displacement during concrete spraying.

[0019] A segmented sliding sleeve assembly is coaxially fitted inside the grout conduit 9. This segmented sliding sleeve assembly consists of multiple independent coaxial sliding sleeves 11 arranged axially. The number of coaxial sliding sleeves 11 is determined according to the length of the steel profile 5 and the cavity distribution, generally 3 to 5. The length of each coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is 300 mm to 500 mm. The outer diameter of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout conduit 9, and the difference between the inner diameter of the grout conduit 9 and the outer diameter of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm. This gap ensures that the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 can slide freely axially inside the grout conduit 9 without being stuck, and also provides a space for the elastic sealing ring 13, allowing the elastic sealing ring 13 to effectively perform its sealing function within this gap. Each coaxial sliding sleeve 11 has a hole 12, the diameter of which matches the diameter of the grout seepage hole 10. Under certain conditions, the hole can be aligned with the grout seepage hole 10 to form a channel for grout outflow.

[0020] An elastic sealing ring 13 is provided between each coaxial sliding sleeve 11 and the slurry conduit 9. The elastic sealing ring 13 is installed in the outer wall groove of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 or the inner wall groove of the slurry conduit 9 to prevent slurry leakage from the gap between the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 and the slurry conduit 9. The material of the elastic sealing ring 13 can be oil-resistant rubber or polyurethane, which has good elasticity and wear resistance and can maintain stable sealing performance during long-term use. Due to the presence of the elastic sealing ring 13, the slurry can only flow out from the aligned holes 12 and the seepage holes 10, and will not flow into other sections along the pipe wall gap.

[0021] Each coaxial sleeve 11 has a return spring at its distal end and a pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 at its proximal end. One end of the return spring abuts against the distal end face or step of the coaxial sleeve 11, and the other end abuts against the retaining ring on the inner wall of the slurry conduit 9 or the proximal end face of the previous coaxial sleeve 11. The pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 is used to lock the coaxial sleeve 11 in its initial position, in which the holes 12 on the coaxial sleeve 11 are offset from the slurry seepage holes 10 on the slurry conduit 9, so that all slurry seepage holes 10 are closed. When the pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 is unlocked, the return spring drives the coaxial sleeve 11 to slide axially, aligning its holes 12 with the slurry seepage holes 10, opening the slurry holes 10, and allowing the slurry to flow out into the cavity of the corresponding section.

[0022] Grouting ports 6 and venting ports 7 are pre-cut on the steel section 5. The grouting ports 6 and venting ports 7 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the steel section 5, specifically four grouting ports 6 and four venting ports 7 per ring. The grouting ports 6 and venting ports 7 are spaced apart, meaning that each grouting port 6 is adjacent to a venting port 7, and each venting port 7 is adjacent to a grouting port 6. This spacing ensures that grouting and venting are evenly distributed throughout the circumferential range, facilitating uniform filling of the grout and complete removal of air. The grouting pipe 1 is directly connected to the grout conduit 9 through the grouting port 6, and the venting pipe 2 is directly connected to the grout conduit 9 through the venting port 7. The grouting ports 6 and venting ports 7 are located at different positions on the grout conduit 9, allowing grouting and venting to proceed independently without interference.

[0023] An air vent valve 4 is installed on the air vent pipe 2. Its function is to allow air to pass freely while blocking grout from passing through during the grouting process. The air vent valve 4 contains a float or a water-swellable material. When only air passes through, the valve remains open; when grout reaches the valve position, the float rises or the expanding material expands, pushing the valve core to close the valve, thus achieving the function of venting air but not discharging grout. A pressure sensor 3 is also installed on the air vent pipe 2, located between the air vent valve 4 and the air vent 7. It is used to monitor pressure changes in real time during the grouting process and transmit the pressure signal to the ground control unit or on-site display instrument, providing data for judging the fullness of the grout filling.

[0024] The working logic of the entire device is as follows: the grout enters the grout conduit 9 through the grouting pipe 1. During the process of gradually increasing pressure, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 of the corresponding coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is triggered to unlock, so that the hole 12 of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is aligned with the grouting hole 10, thereby realizing sequential segmented grouting from the far end to the near end. The air in the cavity is discharged through the exhaust pipe 2.

[0025] For the pressure-graded triggering mechanism, the pressure-triggered locking mechanisms 14 of different coaxial sleeves 11 have different preset trigger pressures, and the preset trigger pressures gradually increase from the distal end to the proximal end of the grout conduit 9. The distal end refers to the end of the grout conduit 9 furthest from the grouting port 6, i.e., the last position the grout reaches within the conduit; the proximal end refers to the end of the grout conduit 9 closest to the grouting port 6, i.e., the first position the grout reaches within the conduit. As a specific parameter setting, the preset trigger pressure of the furthest coaxial sleeve 11 is 0.4 MPa, the next furthest is 0.6 MPa, the middle section is 0.8 MPa, and the closest is 1.0 MPa. This gradient setting ensures that during the grouting process, the distal cavity is filled first, and the grout gradually advances from far to near, effectively avoiding the grout short-circuit problem caused by grout blockage at the proximal end, preventing the distal end from being filled. The trigger pressure value can be finely adjusted before leaving the factory or on-site based on factors such as slurry ratio, cavity size, and conduit length in actual engineering projects.

[0026] The pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 specifically includes two pressure-sensing plates and a pressure-sensitive material connected between them. The two pressure-sensing plates are rigid thin sheets, made of stainless steel or hard plastic, with sufficient strength to withstand the initial support force. The pressure-sensitive material is a material with specific breaking strength; depending on the preset trigger pressure, different thicknesses or formulations of adhesives, brittle plastic sheets, or tension films can be selected. The two pressure-sensing plates are connected by the pressure-sensitive material to form a support structure, providing support and locking for the coaxial sleeve 11 in the initial state, firmly locking the coaxial sleeve 11 in the closed position and preventing it from sliding proximally under the thrust of the return spring. The pressure-sensitive material breaks when the slurry pressure reaches its corresponding preset trigger pressure. Once the pressure-sensitive material breaks, the two pressure-sensing plates separate, thereby releasing the lock on the coaxial sleeve 11, allowing the return spring to push the coaxial sleeve 11 to slide.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, two pressure-sensing plates are rotatably connected to the slurry conduit 9 and the coaxial sleeve 11 at the ends furthest from the pressure-sensitive material. Specifically, the tail end of one pressure-sensing plate is rotatably connected to a support on the inner wall of the slurry conduit 9 via a pin or hinge, and the tail end of the other pressure-sensing plate is rotatably connected to a support on the proximal end face of the coaxial sleeve 11 via a pin or hinge. The front ends of the two pressure-sensing plates overlap and are bonded together by the pressure-sensitive material. When the slurry pressure rises to the preset trigger pressure corresponding to the coaxial sleeve 11, the slurry pressure acts on the two pressure-sensing plates, generating tensile or shear force at the connection point of the pressure-sensitive material. When the force exceeds the breaking strength of the pressure-sensitive material, the pressure-sensitive material breaks, the two pressure-sensing plates lose their connection and separate, and the locked state is released. At this time, the reset spring pushes the coaxial sleeve 11 to slide axially towards the near end. Under the pressure of the slurry and the pushing action of the sleeve, the two pressure sensing plates rotate around their respective rotating connection ends and respectively attach to one side of the slurry conduit 9 and the coaxial sleeve 11, no longer hindering the movement of the sleeve. The hole 12 on the coaxial sleeve 11 is completely aligned with the slurry seepage hole 10, and slurry begins to flow from this section.

[0028] The device also includes an integrated flange clip 8 for fixing the grout conduit 9. The grout conduit 9 is fixed to the middle of the web of the steel section 5 by the integrated flange clip 8. The integrated flange clip 8 is made of glass fiber reinforced nylon material, which has high strength and good toughness, ensuring that the grout conduit 9 is easily and firmly fixed to the web of the steel section 5, without loosening or displacement during high-pressure grouting. It also has good corrosion resistance and anti-aging properties, enabling long-term use in damp underground environments.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the web contact surface of the integrated flange clip 8 is provided with anti-slip serrations, and adjustable fastening bolts are provided on both sides of the integrated flange clip 8. The anti-slip serrations are multiple fine grooves machined on the surface of the integrated flange clip 8 in contact with the web of the steel section 5. These grooves increase the coefficient of friction and mechanical interlocking force between the integrated flange clip 8 and the web of the steel section 5, preventing the integrated flange clip 8 from slipping under grouting vibration or high pressure. The adjustable fastening bolts are located on the ears on both sides of the integrated flange clip 8. The bolts pass through the screw holes on both sides of the integrated flange clip 8, and their ends press against the arc-shaped outer wall of the integrated flange clip 8. By rotating the fastening bolts on both sides, the clamping force of the integrated flange clip 8 on the grout conduit 9 can be adjusted symmetrically or asymmetrically, thereby adapting to the web of the steel section 5 of different thicknesses, ensuring stable installation on steel sections of various specifications, and making installation and disassembly very convenient and quick.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the inner wall of the slurry conduit 9 is provided with a guide rib along the axial direction, and the outer wall of the coaxial sleeve 11 is provided with a guide groove along the axial direction that slides with the guide rib. The guide rib is a long strip-shaped rib protruding inward from the inner wall of the slurry conduit 9, and its cross-sectional shape can be rectangular, trapezoidal, or semi-circular, extending along the entire axial length of the slurry conduit 9 or in segments. The guide groove is a long strip-shaped channel on the outer wall of the coaxial sleeve 11 that matches the shape of the guide rib. The guide rib and the guide groove together constitute an anti-rotation guide structure that restricts the circumferential rotation of the coaxial sleeve 11 and provides axial guidance. During the axial sliding process of the coaxial sleeve 11 pushed by the return spring, the guide rib always slides within the guide groove, and the cooperation of the two ensures that the movement of the coaxial sleeve 11 is limited to the axial direction and does not cause circumferential deflection. Since the relative positions of the holes on the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 and the grouting holes 10 on the grout conduit 9 in the circumferential direction are fixed, as long as the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 does not rotate circumferentially, when it slides to the open position, the holes 12 and the grouting holes 10 can be precisely aligned in the circumferential direction, avoiding problems such as poor grout discharge, partial blockage, or complete inability to discharge grout due to hole misalignment, thus improving the operational reliability and grouting efficiency of the device.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the grout infiltration hole 10 is a spiral guide hole opened along the tangential direction of the grout conduit 9. Unlike traditional radial straight holes, the spiral guide hole is not opened perpendicular to the pipe wall along the radial direction of the grout conduit 9, but rather inclined along the tangential direction of the pipe wall, with the channel spiraling inside the pipe wall. When the grout flows axially inside the grout conduit 9, a portion of the grout is captured by the spiral guide hole, flows along the spiral channel, and finally sprays tangentially from the outlet of the grout infiltration hole 10, forming a swirling jet. The centrifugal force generated by the swirling jet can throw the aggregate and cement particles in the grout into the deep corners of the cavity, which is especially suitable for narrow, heavily obstructed areas such as the internal corners of steel profiles where aggregate is difficult to reach, allowing the grout to carry the aggregate fully into and fill the deep cavity. At the same time, the swirling jet has a stirring effect during the outflow process, which can disturb the surrounding deposited grout, prevent the grout from settling and blocking the pipe on the inner wall of the grout conduit 9, and keep the grout outlet channel unobstructed.

[0032] Example 2: Grouting and Self-Feedback Filling Fullness Method Based on Example 1, Example 2 further provides a grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness method based on the above-mentioned device. The method includes five steps: construction preparation, on-site installation, controlled grouting, fullness self-feedback, and sealing and curing. The specific operation of each step is as follows: SS1. Construction Preparation: Grouting ports 6 and vent ports 7 are pre-drilled on the web of steel section 5. The grouting ports 6 and vent ports 7 are arranged circumferentially along steel section 5, with four grouting ports 6 and four vent ports 7 arranged in one ring. The opening positions should avoid critical stress areas of steel section 5. Burrs should be removed from the hole edges after drilling. After drilling is completed, steel section 5 is hoisted and positioned at the designed location on the sidewall of the foundation pit. Simultaneously, the assembly of the grout conduit 9 and the segmented sliding sleeve assembly is completed at the processing site: Grout seepage holes 10 with a diameter of 8 mm to 10 mm and a spacing of 150 mm to 200 mm are drilled on the grout conduit 9 at designed intervals; multiple coaxial sliding sleeves 11 are sequentially fitted inside the grout conduit 9. The number of coaxial sliding sleeves 11 is determined according to the length of the profile steel 5, generally 3 to 5. The length of each coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is 300 mm to 500 mm. The outer diameter of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout conduit 9, and the difference between the inner diameter of the grout conduit 9 and the outer diameter of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm; elastic sealing rings 13 are installed on each coaxial sliding sleeve 11. Within the annular groove between the grout conduit 9 and the grout conduit 9; install a pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 and a return spring for each coaxial sleeve 11; adjust the trigger pressure of the pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 of each coaxial sleeve 11, setting the preset trigger pressure of the farthest coaxial sleeve 11 to 0.4 MPa, the second farthest to 0.6 MPa, the middle section to 0.8 MPa, and the closest to 1.0 MPa. The trigger pressure is adjusted by selecting pressure-sensitive materials with different destructive strengths or adjusting the bonding area of ​​the pressure-sensitive materials; after the adjustment is completed, conduct a sealing test on the grout conduit 9 assembly, and after confirming that there is no leakage, transport the assembled grout conduit 9 assembly to the construction site.

[0033] SS2. On-site Installation: The grout conduit 9 is arranged along the extension direction of the web of steel section 5, closely adhering to the middle of the web of steel section 5. An integrated flange clip 8 is used to fix the grout conduit 9 to the web of steel section 5. The integrated flange clip 8 is made of fiberglass reinforced nylon material. During installation, the integrated flange clip 8 is clipped onto the flange of steel section 5 and the grout conduit 9. The grouting pipe 1 is passed through the grouting port 6 and directly connected to the grout conduit 9. The vent pipe 2 is passed through the vent port 7 and directly connected to the grout conduit 9. The connection should be well sealed to prevent grout and air leakage. The exposed parts of the grouting pipe 1 and vent pipe 2 are then wrapped for protection using plastic film, tape, or protective sleeves to prevent damage from concrete impact or aggregate impact during subsequent shotcrete construction. After the protective measures are completed, shotcrete construction is carried out on the steel section. The shotcrete covers the steel section 5 and its piping components, forming a complete shotcrete support structure.

[0034] SS3. Controlled Grouting: After the shotcrete has initially set and reached a certain strength, a pressure sensor 3 and an exhaust valve 4 are connected in series on the exhaust pipe 2. The pressure sensor 3 is located near the exhaust port 7, and the exhaust valve 4 is downstream of the pressure sensor 3. The grouting pipe 1 is connected to the grouting machine, which is filled with prepared cement grout or special grouting material. Grouting begins at an initial pressure of 0.3 MPa, with the grout entering the grout conduit 9 through the grouting pipe 1. In the initial stage of grouting, all coaxial sleeves 11 are in the closed position, and the holes on the coaxial sleeves 11 are staggered with the grout seepage holes 10 on the grout conduit 9. The elastic sealing ring 13 seals the gap between the outer wall of the coaxial sleeves 11 and the inner wall of the grout conduit 9, preventing the grout from flowing out and causing it to accumulate inside the grout conduit 9, gradually increasing the pressure inside the conduit. When the grouting pressure reaches 0.4 MPa, the pressure-sensitive material in the pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 at the farthest end reaches its breaking strength and breaks, the two pressure sensing plates separate, the lock is released, and the return spring pushes the farthest coaxial sleeve 11 to slide axially, aligning its hole 12 with the corresponding grouting hole 10. Grouting begins in the farthest section, and the grout is injected into the cavity at the farthest flange back side and web corner of the steel section 5. As the farthest cavity is gradually filled with grout, the grout flow resistance increases after the cavity is filled, and the grouting pressure continues to rise. When the pressure reaches 0.6 MPa, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism 14 of the second farthest coaxial sleeve 11 unlocks, and grouting begins in the second farthest section. When the pressure reaches 0.8 MPa, the middle section coaxial sleeve 11 unlocks and grouting begins. When the pressure reaches 1.0 MPa, the nearest coaxial sleeve 11 unlocks and grouting begins. Thus, following the order from the far end to the near end, the grouting holes 10 of each section are opened in sequence, and the grout fills the cavity of the corresponding section in sections. After each section of the cavity is filled, the pressure naturally rises to the trigger value of the next section, realizing the directional, orderly and uniform filling of the cavity of the steel section's internal corner. In principle, this solves the problem of residual cavity at the far end caused by grout short circuit, ensuring that all cavities are densely filled.

[0035] SS4. Fullness Self-Feedback: Throughout the grouting process, the exhaust valve 4 on the exhaust pipe 2 remains open, allowing air in the cavity to be continuously discharged through the exhaust pipe 2, providing space for the grout to enter. When a certain section of the cavity is filled with grout, the grout begins to enter the exhaust pipe 2. Upon encountering the grout, the float or expansion material inside the exhaust valve 4 actuates, pushing the valve core to automatically close, preventing grout leakage and ensuring the establishment of grouting pressure. As each section of the cavity is filled sequentially, the grouting pressure gradually rises to its maximum value. The pressure sensor 3 monitors the pressure changes in real time and transmits the signal to the monitoring equipment. When the exhaust valve 4 automatically closes, and the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 3 reaches 1 MPa and remains stable for 5 minutes, it indicates that all cavity areas have been filled densely, with no residual cavities or leakage channels, and the grout has fully penetrated to every corner of the cavity. This indicates that the cavity is fully filled, grouting is complete, and the grouting machine can be stopped at this point.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, a ring-shaped permanent magnet is embedded inside the coaxial sliding sleeve 11. The ring-shaped permanent magnet is embedded within the wall thickness or end face of the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 and moves together with the coaxial sliding sleeve 11. A magnetic induction sensor array is set at a corresponding position on the outer side of the web of the steel section 5 or inside the grout conduit 9. The magnetic induction sensor array consists of multiple Hall sensors or magnetoresistive sensors arranged axially, and the position of each sensor corresponds to the initial position and sliding stroke range of each coaxial sliding sleeve 11. During the grouting process, when each coaxial sliding sleeve 11 slides axially, the ring-shaped permanent magnet embedded inside it moves accordingly, changing the magnetic field distribution of the surrounding space. The magnetic induction sensor array monitors the magnetic field strength change signal caused by the position change of each ring-shaped permanent magnet in real time and transmits the signal to the ground control unit. The ground control unit processes and analyzes the signal, and based on the magnetic field change data, provides real-time feedback on the axial displacement status of each coaxial sliding sleeve 11, thereby accurately determining the specific section currently being grouted, as well as the specific sections that have been filled, the coaxial sliding sleeve 11 has been reset, or are in other states. This visual monitoring method, in conjunction with the pressure monitoring of pressure sensor 3, allows operators to intuitively see the grouting progress and filling status of each section, further improving the reliability and accuracy of grouting quality control and avoiding the risk of misjudgment that may exist if pressure is relied upon alone.

[0037] SS5. Sealing and Curing: After grouting is completed and the filling is confirmed to be full, turn off the grouting machine, remove grouting pipe 1 and vent pipe 2, and seal the grouting port 6 and vent port 7 with quick-setting cement or a special sealing tool. Before sealing, clean the inside of grouting port 6 and vent port 7, removing laitance and debris. Then, mix the quick-setting cement evenly, fill it into the hole, and tamp it down. Alternatively, screw the special sealing tool into the hole and tighten it. The sealing material should be dense and seamless, flush with or slightly lower than the surface of the steel section 5. After sealing, allow it to cure naturally for at least seven days. During the curing period, keep the sealed area moist to prevent cracking. Subsequent construction procedures, such as backfilling and support removal, can only be carried out after the sealing material and grout have reached their design strength.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, nor is it limited to the grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device and method. Devices and structures not described in detail herein should be understood as being implemented in a manner common to the art. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention, using the disclosed technical content. This does not affect the essential content of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the present invention's technical solutions still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device, characterized in that, include: Grouting pipes are used to inject grout into grout conduits. Each grouting pipe is arranged at intervals on the upper surface of the web of the steel profile, and the axis of each grouting pipe is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel profile. Exhaust pipes are used to expel air from the cavity. Each exhaust pipe is discretely arranged on the upper surface of the web of the steel profile and spaced between adjacent grouting pipes. The axis of each exhaust pipe is basically perpendicular to the upper surface of the web of the steel profile. The grout conduit is attached and fixed to the lower surface of the steel web along the extension direction of the steel web. Multiple grout seepage holes are opened on the conduit wall along the axial direction. The conduit body is a ring-shaped structure or closed at both ends. The segmented sliding sleeve assembly is coaxially sleeved inside the grout conduit and includes multiple independent coaxial sliding sleeves arranged along the axial direction. Each coaxial sliding sleeve has a hole that can be aligned with the grout seepage hole. A pressure-triggered locking mechanism is located at the proximal end of each coaxial sleeve to lock the coaxial sleeve in its initial position, which offsets its orifice from the grouting hole to close the grouting hole. Both the grouting port and the vent are through holes pre-installed on the web of the steel profile. The grouting pipe passes through the grouting port and connects to the grout conduit on the lower side of the steel profile web. The venting pipe passes through the vent and connects to the grout conduit on the lower side of the steel profile web. An exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe; A pressure sensor, installed on the exhaust pipe, is used to monitor the grouting pressure; In this process, the grout enters the grout conduit simultaneously through multiple grouting pipes. As the pressure gradually increases, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of the corresponding coaxial sliding sleeve is triggered to unlock, aligning the hole of the coaxial sliding sleeve with the grout seepage hole, thus achieving sequential segmented grouting from the far end to the near end, and venting is carried out through the vent pipe.

2. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Different coaxial sliding sleeves have different preset trigger pressures for their pressure-triggered locking mechanisms, and the preset trigger pressure increases progressively from the distal end to the proximal end of the slurry conduit.

3. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-triggered locking mechanism includes two pressure-sensing plates and a pressure-sensitive material connected between the two pressure-sensing plates. The pressure-sensitive material is configured to break when the slurry pressure reaches its corresponding preset trigger pressure, so as to separate the two pressure-sensing plates and release the lock on the coaxial sleeve.

4. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two pressure sensing plates are rotatably connected to the slurry conduit and the coaxial sliding sleeve at the ends away from the pressure-sensitive material. After the pressure-sensitive material is destroyed, the return spring pushes the coaxial sliding sleeve to slide axially. Under the pressure of the slurry and the pushing action of the sliding sleeve, the two pressure sensing plates rotate around their respective rotating connection ends and are respectively attached to one side of the slurry conduit and the coaxial sliding sleeve. The holes on the coaxial sliding sleeve are aligned with the slurry seepage holes.

5. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Each coaxial sleeve is equipped with a return spring at its distal end. When the pressure-triggered locking mechanism is unlocked, the return spring drives the coaxial sleeve to slide axially, aligning its hole with the grouting hole.

6. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic sealing ring is provided between each coaxial sliding sleeve and the slurry conduit to prevent slurry from leaking out from the gap between the coaxial sliding sleeve and the slurry conduit.

7. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an integrated flange buckle, through which the slurry conduit is fixed to the middle of the steel web.

8. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset trigger pressure of the farthest coaxial sleeve is 0.4 MPa, the preset trigger pressure of the second farthest coaxial sleeve is 0.6 MPa, the preset trigger pressure of the middle section coaxial sleeve is 0.8 MPa, and the preset trigger pressure of the closest coaxial sleeve is 1.0 MPa.

9. The grouting filling and self-feedback filling fullness device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the seepage holes is 8 mm to 10 mm, and the distance between adjacent seepage holes is 150 mm to 200 mm; the length of each coaxial sleeve is 300 mm to 500 mm, the outer diameter of the coaxial sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the grout conduit, and the difference between the inner diameter of the grout conduit and the outer diameter of the coaxial sleeve is 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

10. A method for grouting and self-feedback filling fullness, based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: SS1: Pre-open grouting ports and vents on the web of the steel profile, and position the steel profile; assemble the grout conduit and segmented sliding sleeve assembly, and adjust the trigger pressure of the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of each coaxial sliding sleeve; SS2: Arrange and fix the grout conduit along the web of the steel section, pass the grouting pipe through the grouting port and connect it to the grout conduit, pass the vent pipe through the vent port and connect it to the grout conduit, and after protecting the grouting pipe and the vent pipe, apply shotcrete. SS3: After the shotcrete has initially set, a pressure sensor and an exhaust valve are connected in series on the exhaust pipe; grouting begins through the grouting pipe at the initial pressure. The grout accumulates and pressurizes inside the grout conduit. From the far end to the near end of the grout conduit, the pressure-triggered locking mechanism of each coaxial sliding sleeve unlocks sequentially when its preset trigger pressure is reached, so that the grouting holes in the corresponding sections open sequentially, realizing sequential grouting and filling from the far end cavity to the near end cavity. SS4: Keep the vent valve open during grouting. When the cavity is filled with grout, the vent pipe will release grout, triggering the vent valve to close automatically. The pressure value monitored by the pressure sensor will reach the preset stable value and be maintained. This indicates that the cavity is fully filled and the grouting process ends. SS5: Remove the grouting pipe and vent pipe, and seal the grouting port and vent.

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