Template fastener with monitoring function and construction process monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building engineering, and provides a formwork fastener with a monitoring function and a construction process monitoring method thereof, wherein the formwork fastener comprises a fastening assembly and a connecting bolt device; the fastening assembly comprises a plurality of fastening strips arranged around the periphery of a formwork, an overlapping area exists between two adjacent fastening strips, and the fastening strips are used for abutting against the formwork; the connecting bolt device comprises a screw rod and a connecting nut threaded on the screw rod, and the connecting nut is used for abutting against the fastening strips; the connecting bolt device further comprises a stress detector, a data processing and communication module and a power supply module; the stress detector is used for monitoring the axial tension of the screw rod in real time and outputting a corresponding monitoring signal; the data processing and communication module is electrically connected with the stress detector, is used for receiving the monitoring signal, and processes and remotely transmits the monitoring signal. The application can monitor the installation state of the fastener and reduce the safety hidden danger in the concrete pouring process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of building engineering, and in particular to a formwork fastener with monitoring function. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of square column concrete pouring in building engineering, the formwork system must withstand the continuously changing lateral pressure during the concrete pouring process. To ensure that the formwork does not bulge, burst, or leak grout during this process, fasteners need to be installed on the outside of the formwork to provide sufficient restraint.

[0003] Current square column formwork fasteners employ multiple fastening strips wrapped around the perimeter of the formwork. Adjacent fastening strips overlap at the corners of the formwork, and are secured by bolts passing through this overlap and nuts on both sides, thus achieving circumferential restraint on the formwork. This structural form offers flexible installation and good adaptability, and has been widely adopted to some extent.

[0004] However, the axial tensile force borne by the connecting bolt in the above structure is formed by the superposition of the construction preload and the concrete lateral pressure, and it continuously changes dynamically with the pouring progress. In existing fasteners of this type, the actual axial stress state is invisible throughout the entire construction process. It is impossible to confirm whether the initial preload meets the design requirements, nor can it detect the dynamic changes in the bolt's axial tensile force after the concrete lateral pressure increases. Furthermore, it is impossible to promptly detect dangerous situations such as abnormal increases in bolt axial tensile force due to bolt yielding or formwork failure, or abnormal decreases in bolt axial tensile force due to nut loosening or connection failure. During construction, whether the bolts are loose or whether the tightening force meets the requirements are both in a monitoring blind spot, posing significant quality and safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to monitor the installation status of fasteners, reduce safety hazards during concrete pouring, and improve construction quality, this application provides a formwork fastener with monitoring function.

[0006] This application provides a template fastener with monitoring function, which adopts the following technical solution: include: The fastening assembly includes multiple fastening strips surrounding the template, with an overlapping area between adjacent fastening strips, and the fastening strips are used to press against the template; A connecting bolt device includes a screw and a connecting nut threaded onto the screw. The screw passes through the overlapping area, and the connecting nuts are provided on both sides of the overlapping area, and the connecting nuts are used to abut against the fastening strip. The connecting bolt device further includes: A stress detector is used to monitor the axial tensile force on the screw in real time and output the corresponding monitoring signal; A data processing and communication module, electrically connected to the stress detector, is used to receive the monitoring signal, process the monitoring signal, and transmit it remotely. The power supply module is used to power the stress detector and the data processing and communication module.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple fastening strips are sequentially wrapped around the periphery of the square column formwork to form an overlapping area. After the screw passes through the overlapping area, it is clamped by connecting nuts on both sides to apply circumferential constraints to the formwork. The stress detector senses the axial tension of the screw in real time, the data processing and communication module completes data calculation and remote uploading, and the power supply module continuously provides power to the stress detector and the data processing and communication module, thereby realizing full-process online monitoring of the fastening status and effectively avoiding formwork quality and safety accidents caused by insufficient fastening force or loose bolts.

[0008] Optionally, the screw includes a protective housing and a screw body that are interconnected. The data processing and communication module and the power supply module are both disposed within the protective housing. The stress detector is disposed within the screw body. The connecting nut is threaded onto the screw body.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the data processing and communication module and the power supply module are encapsulated in a protective shell, which can provide waterproof, dustproof and impact-resistant protection for electronic components and adapt to the complex environment of the construction site; the stress detector is built into the screw body to directly sense the axial strain of the screw, with a short signal transmission path and high detection accuracy; it achieves a partitioned layout, compact structure and convenient maintenance.

[0010] Optionally, the protective housing includes a light-collecting housing and a control housing connected to each other, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the light-collecting housing is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the control housing; The power supply module includes an electrically connected solar panel and an energy storage unit. The solar panel is located inside the light-collecting housing, and a light-transmitting plate is provided on the top of the light-collecting housing. The energy storage unit and the data processing and communication module are located inside the control housing.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the light-collecting shell has a larger cross-sectional area, which can provide a larger effective light-receiving area for the solar panel and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency; the light-transmitting plate maintains a high light transmittance while providing physical protection for the solar panel; the energy storage unit stores the electrical energy converted from solar energy and outputs it stably, realizing self-contained power supply.

[0012] Optionally, the bottom of the light-collecting housing and the top of the screw body are also connected to multiple connecting struts.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple connecting struts firmly connect the light-transmitting shell to the screw body, improving the overall structure's vibration resistance and durability.

[0014] Optionally, a limiting component is also included, which includes a limiting plate and a limiting bolt. The limiting plate is used to abut against the connecting nut, and the limiting bolt passes through the limiting plate for threaded connection with the fastening strip.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting plate abuts against the side wall of the connecting nut, and the limiting bolt locks the limiting plate onto the fastening strip, forming a mechanical secondary lock on the connecting nut. This effectively prevents the nut from loosening and rotating due to construction vibration or fluctuations in concrete side pressure, further improving connection reliability and reducing the risk of fastening failure.

[0016] Optionally, the fastening strip has a connecting groove along its length for the screw to pass through; the fastening strip has an adjusting hole group, which includes a plurality of adjusting holes spaced apart along the length of the fastening strip, and the adjusting holes are for the limit bolt to thread into.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the connecting groove allows the screw to move and adjust along the length of the fastening strip to adapt to templates with different cross-sectional dimensions, thereby improving the versatility of the fasteners; the adjusting hole group provides multiple installation options, and the operator can select the appropriate adjusting hole according to the actual position of the screw and screw in the limiting bolt to achieve quick positioning and fixing of the limiting plate.

[0018] Optionally, the limiting plate is slidably disposed on the fastening strip in the horizontal direction, and the limiting component further includes a positioning groove, the opening of which is disposed facing the connecting bolt device, and the positioning groove is for the connecting nut to engage with it.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting plate can be pushed and slid horizontally to the connecting nut, and the connecting nut is engaged by the positioning groove, making the operation quick and easy. In addition, the positioning groove can also realize the self-checking function of the screw installation verticality. When the screw body is installed vertically and qualified, the end face of the connecting nut is parallel to the fastening strip, and the limiting plate can be pushed in smoothly and the connecting nut can be fully engaged in the positioning groove. When the screw is installed skewed, the connecting nut tilts accordingly, and an angular deviation occurs between it and the opening of the positioning groove, causing the limiting plate to fail to engage properly. The operator can use this to judge that the screw installation is unqualified and needs to be readjusted, thereby realizing a quick on-site self-inspection of the installation quality.

[0020] Optionally, the bottom of the limiting plate is connected to a guide slider, the fastening strip has a guide groove along its own length, and the guide slider is slidably disposed in the guide groove.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the guide slider and the guide groove cooperate with each other to provide precise guidance and constraint for the horizontal sliding of the limiting plate, prevent the limiting plate from deflecting or tilting during the pushing process, ensure that the positioning groove can be accurately aligned with the connecting nut, and improve the reliability of operation and construction efficiency.

[0022] Optionally, the data processing and communication module is configured as an integrated motherboard with a communication unit. The integrated motherboard is used to compare the axial tensile force with a preset safety threshold range, determine the tightening status as normal, loose, or too tight based on the comparison result, and issue a construction safety warning signal.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the integrated motherboard performs real-time calculation and status judgment of axial tensile force data, and combined with the communication unit, pushes alarm information to the management personnel terminal at high speed, realizing proactive early warning management of the entire construction process, greatly reducing the risk of quality and safety accidents such as formwork bursting and grout leakage caused by abnormal fastening force, and providing data support for construction quality traceability and process optimization.

[0024] On the other hand, this application also provides a construction process monitoring method for formwork fasteners with monitoring functions, which includes the following steps when using the above-mentioned formwork fasteners with monitoring functions: Signal acquisition steps: Real-time acquisition of the monitoring signal of axial tensile force output by the stress detector; Status analysis steps: Process the collected monitoring signals to obtain the current axial tensile force value of the screw; Warning judgment steps: The axial tensile force value is compared with the preset safety threshold. When the axial tensile force value is lower than, reaches or exceeds the preset safety threshold, the corresponding construction safety warning signal is output respectively. The preset safety threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the construction condition parameters.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects: 1. This application adopts a method in which multiple fastening strips are wrapped around the perimeter of the template and connected by connecting bolts in the overlapping area. The structure is simple, the installation is flexible, and it can adapt to templates of different specifications. 2. The power supply module in this application uses a solar panel and an energy storage unit to work together, eliminating the need for frequent battery replacements and enabling long-term continuous online monitoring at the construction site, thus improving battery life. 3. The limiting component in this application uses a positioning groove to engage the connecting nut, which provides a mechanical secondary locking to prevent loosening, and also has a field self-verification function for the verticality of the screw installation, ensuring the verticality of the screw after installation. This can eliminate interference from lateral force components, making the measurement direction of the stress detector consistent with the force direction, and improving the monitoring accuracy of axial tensile force. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equiaxed side structure of the template fastener with monitoring function after it is installed outside the template in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connecting bolt device in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 3 This is a front view of the template fastener with monitoring function after it is installed outside the template in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastening components connected by the connecting bolt device in Embodiment 2 of this application; Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the connecting bolt device in Embodiment 2 of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Fastening strip; 11. Connecting groove; 12. Adjustment hole; 13. Guide groove; 2. Screw; 21. Screw body; 22. Protective housing; 221. Light-collecting housing; 222. Control housing; 3. Connecting nut; 4. Power supply module; 41. Solar panel; 42. Energy storage unit; 5. Stress detector; 6. Limiting assembly; 61. Limiting plate; 611. Guide slider; 62. Limiting bolt; 63. Positioning groove. 7. Connecting struts; 8. Integrated motherboard; 9. Template. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Embodiment 1 of this application provides a template fastener with monitoring function.

[0030] The template fastener in this embodiment consists of two main parts: a fastening component and a connecting bolt device. The connecting bolt device integrates stress detection, data processing and communication, and self-continuous power supply functions, forming a complete system that integrates mechanical fastening and monitoring.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 The fastening assembly includes multiple fastening strips 1, which are used to form a ring constraint around the perimeter of the square column formwork 9 to resist the lateral pressure generated during concrete pouring. For formwork 9 with a rectangular cross-section, multiple sets of fastening assemblies need to be arranged at certain intervals along the height direction of formwork 9. Each set of fastening assemblies consists of at least four fastening strips 1 that overlap end to end and surround the outer perimeter of formwork 9. Adjacent fastening strips 1 form an overlapping area at the corners of formwork 9 for the installation of connecting bolt devices. The fastening strips 1 can be made of high-strength steel strips or aluminum alloy profiles.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The connecting bolt device includes a screw 2 and two connecting nuts 3. The screw 2 further includes a screw body 21 and a protective shell 22, which are welded together. The screw body 21 is a rod-shaped structure with external threads, and the connecting nuts 3 are threaded onto the external thread section of the screw body 21. The screw body 21 can be made of high-strength alloy steel. The fastening strip 1 has a connecting groove 11 along its length. The connecting groove 11 is a long, narrow through groove extending along its length. The width of the connecting groove 11 matches the outer diameter of the screw body 21, allowing the screw 2 to move freely within the groove along the length of the fastening strip 1 to accommodate different installation positions of the connecting bolt device for templates with different cross-sectional sizes. The screw 2 passes vertically through the connecting groove 11 of two adjacent fastening strips 1. The two connecting nuts 3 are threaded onto the ends of the screw 2 extending out of the overlapping area on both sides. Tightening the connecting nuts 3 clamps the two layers of fastening strips 1 in the overlapping area to complete the mechanical fastening.

[0033] refer to Figure 2 The protective housing 22 is connected to the top of the screw body 21. The protective housing 22 includes a light-collecting housing 221 and a control housing 222 connected to each other. In this embodiment, the light-collecting housing 221 is circular, and the control housing 222 is cylindrical. The light-collecting housing 221 and the control housing 222 are coaxially arranged with the screw body 21. The horizontal cross-sectional area of ​​the light-collecting housing 221 is larger than that of the control housing 222, forming a stepped outline with a wide top and narrow bottom in the top view, so that the upper part of the light-collecting housing 221 has a larger light-receiving platform. A light-transmitting plate 23 is sealed to the top of the light-collecting housing 221. The light-transmitting plate 23 can be made of tempered glass or high-transmittance polycarbonate. A solar panel 41 is arranged inside the light-collecting housing 221. The front of the solar panel 41 faces the light-transmitting plate 23, receives the natural light passing through the light-transmitting plate 23, and converts it into DC power. The energy storage unit 42 and the data processing and communication module are centrally encapsulated inside the control housing 222. The energy storage unit 42 can employ a lithium-ion battery pack or an energy storage structure consisting of a capacitor and a lithium-ion battery connected in parallel. In other embodiments, a low-power wired charging interface can be reserved as a backup power supply channel during cloudy or rainy weather or long-term shaded conditions. The energy storage unit 42 is connected to the solar panel 41 and the data processing and communication module via a power supply line to realize energy collection, storage, and distribution.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3To ensure the structural stability of the connection between the light-transmitting housing 221 and the screw body 21, multiple connecting struts 7 are fixed between the bottom of the light-transmitting housing 221 and the top of the screw body 21. Each connecting strut 7 is evenly distributed circumferentially, with one end fixed to the periphery of the bottom of the light-transmitting housing 221. In this embodiment, two connecting struts 7 are arranged opposite each other.

[0035] The screw body 21 is hollow inside, and a stress detector 5 is installed axially inside the screw body 21 to sense the axial tensile force on the screw body 21 in real time and output a corresponding electrical signal. The stress detector 5 calculates the magnitude of the axial tensile force on the screw 21 by detecting the minute elastic deformation of the screw body 21 under axial tensile force. The specific calculation principle is conventional technology in this field and will not be elaborated here. Specifically, the stress detector 5 can be composed of multiple resistance strain gauges, each glued or embedded inside the screw body 21, covering the entire screw body 21. When the screw body 21 is subjected to axial tensile force, it produces a measurable minute elastic elongation. The strain gauges deform with the screw body 21, causing a change in their resistance. The stress detector 5 outputs a monitoring signal proportional to the axial tensile force, specifically a voltage signal. The voltage signal can be amplified and filtered by a signal conditioning circuit before being sent to the data processing and communication module. In other embodiments, the stress detector 5 may also employ a magnetoelastic sensor, which uses the principle of the change in magnetic permeability of ferromagnetic materials after being subjected to force to sense axial tension.

[0036] The data processing and communication module is located within the control housing 222 and utilizes an integrated motherboard 8 with an integrated communication unit. The integrated motherboard 8 performs analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage signal output from the stress detector 5, calculates the axial tensile force currently acting on the screw body 21, and compares this value in real-time with a preset safety threshold range: when the axial tensile force is within the preset safety threshold range, the tightening is considered normal; when the axial tensile force is below the lower limit of the preset safety threshold range, it is considered loose, indicating that the connecting nut 3 may have loosened or the screw 2 may not be able to bear sufficient load; when the axial tensile force continuously exceeds the upper limit of the preset safety threshold range, it is considered overtight, posing a risk of screw 2 material yielding or localized damage to the template 9. The preset safety threshold range needs to be dynamically adjusted based on construction conditions. Specifically, based on the theoretical value of the concrete lateral pressure corresponding to the current pouring height, column cross-sectional dimensions, pouring speed, concrete density, and other working condition parameters, the axial tensile force safety range of each fastening node screw is calculated in real-time according to design specifications, and the dynamic upper and lower limits of the safety threshold are calculated using a specified safety factor.

[0037] Based on the classification results, the integrated motherboard 8 sends a construction safety warning signal of the corresponding level through the communication unit.

[0038] In other embodiments, an audible and visual alarm unit can be mounted on the protective housing, electrically connected to the power supply module 4 and the integrated motherboard 8. The audible and visual alarm unit can receive construction safety warning signals to trigger different alarm responses. For example, three different colored light sources can be configured within the single source of the audible and visual alarm unit. These different light sources allow the alarm light to trigger according to a three-level warning mechanism: green, yellow, and red. Green indicates that the fastening force is within a preset safety threshold range, indicating normal fastening; yellow indicates that the fastening force exceeds the upper limit of the preset safety threshold range, indicating over-tightening; and red indicates that the fastening force is below the lower limit of the preset safety threshold range, indicating loose fastening. When the system alarms, construction personnel should promptly adjust the corresponding fastening points.

[0039] The communication unit can be a 5G communication unit, allowing construction managers to view stress data and status information of each fastening point in real time via mobile phones or computers. In construction areas with insufficient 5G signal coverage, the communication unit can also use 4G communication units, LoRa, or NB-IoT low-power wide-area network communication methods. After the data from each monitoring point is aggregated to the cloud monitoring platform, long-term data retention, construction quality traceability, and big data analysis can be achieved.

[0040] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 To further lock the fastening plates together, a limiting component 6 is added. The limiting component 6 includes a limiting plate 61 and limiting bolts 62. The limiting plate 61 is a long plate-shaped component. The fastening strip 1 also has an adjustment hole group, which includes a plurality of adjustment holes 12 evenly distributed along the length of the fastening strip 1. The hole wall of the adjustment hole 12 is provided with internal threads for the limiting bolts 62 to be screwed in for thread engagement and fixation. In this embodiment, two limiting bolts 62 are installed on one limiting plate 61, and two sets of adjustment holes are also correspondingly provided on the fastening strip 1, with the two sets of adjustment holes located on both sides of the connecting strip groove 11. After the connecting bolt device is installed on the fastening component, the limiting plate 61 is installed on the fastening plate by the limiting bolts 62, so that the limiting plate 61 abuts against the side wall of the connecting nut 3, thereby achieving secondary mechanical fastening.

[0041] The implementation principle of a template fastener with monitoring function in this application embodiment is as follows: Before construction, the fastening strip 1 is wrapped around the perimeter of the square column formwork 9, forming an overlapping area at the corner. The screw body 21 is then passed through the overlapping area and tightened into the connecting nut 3 to the specified preload, completing the mechanical fastening. The stress detector 5 then continuously collects the axial tensile force data of the screw 2 at a preset sampling frequency. After processing by the integrated motherboard 8, the data is uploaded to the cloud via the communication unit. During concrete pouring, as the pouring height increases, the lateral pressure of the concrete is gradually transmitted to the formwork 9, and then through the fastening strip 1 to the screw 2, causing the axial tensile force of the screw 2 to change dynamically. The integrated motherboard 8 continuously monitors this trend. During concrete pouring, if the monitored axial tensile force rises steadily with the pouring progress and remains within the preset safety threshold range, the tightening force is normal. If the monitored axial tensile force drops abruptly and does not match the pouring progress or falls below the lower limit of the preset safety threshold range, the surface tightening force is insufficient, and the connection becomes loose. If the monitored axial tensile force continuously exceeds the upper limit of the preset safety threshold range, the tightening force is too tight, posing a risk of bolt yielding or formwork 9 cracking. Once the integrated mainboard 8 detects abnormal fluctuations, it can issue a corresponding construction safety warning signal to notify relevant personnel to promptly inspect and address the tightening points.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Embodiment 2 of this application provides a template fastener with monitoring function.

[0044] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 of this application is as follows: The limiting plate 61 can slide horizontally on the fastening strip 1. A guide slider 611 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the limiting plate 61. The fastening strip 1 has a guide groove 13 along its own length. The cross-section of the guide groove 13 can be a T-shaped groove or a dovetail groove. The guide slider 611 is embedded in the guide groove 13 and can slide freely along the groove direction, which plays a precise guiding and constraining role in the translational direction of the limiting plate 61, preventing the limiting plate 61 from deflecting or falling out during the pushing and sliding process, and ensuring that the limiting plate 61 can move accurately to the connecting nut 3 along the predetermined trajectory.

[0045] The limiting component 6 also includes a positioning groove 63, which is fixed to the side end face of the limiting plate 61 facing the connecting bolt 3. Its opening faces the direction of the connecting bolt device, and the shape of the inner cavity of the groove matches the shape of the connecting nut 3, allowing one side of the connecting nut 3 to be inserted and snapped in. The groove width of the positioning groove 63 can be slightly larger than the diagonal dimension of the connecting nut 3 for easy and quick insertion.

[0046] After the screw body 21 is vertically installed in place, the end face of the connecting nut 3 is parallel to the surface of the fastening strip 1. The operator pushes and slides the limiting plate 61 horizontally to the connecting nut 3. The connecting nut 3 can be completely inserted into the positioning groove 63, indicating that the verticality of the screw body 21 is qualified. If there is a tilt deviation when the screw body 21 is installed, the connecting nut 3 will deflect at an angle, resulting in an angle deviation between it and the opening of the positioning groove 63. This will prevent the limiting plate 61 from being pushed to the correct position and the connecting nut 3 from being completely inserted into the positioning groove 63. The operator can then visually judge that the screw 2 is not installed correctly and needs to readjust the verticality of the screw 2 before fixing it. This also has the function of rapid on-site self-verification of construction and installation quality without the need for additional measuring tools.

[0047] After the positioning groove 63 slides into place, the operator passes the limiting bolt 62 through the pre-set through hole on the limiting plate 61, aligns it with the adjusting hole 12 on the fastening strip 1 closest to the current screw 2 position, and screws it in to tighten, thus fixing the limiting plate 61 to the fastening strip 1. After being fixed, the limiting plate 61 constrains the end of the connecting nut 3 through the positioning groove 63, preventing the connecting nut 3 from rotating in the loosening direction, thereby achieving mechanical secondary locking and effectively preventing the connecting nut 3 from loosening and retracting due to construction vibration, concrete lateral pressure fluctuations, or personnel collisions.

[0048] When disassembling the mold, unscrew the limit bolt 62 in the reverse direction and slide the limit plate 61 away from the connecting nut 3 in the horizontal direction to quickly release the mechanical lock. Then loosen the connecting nut 3 to complete the removal of the screw 2. The operation is simple and quick, and the fastener parts can be reused.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Based on the above-mentioned template fasteners with monitoring functions, this embodiment 3 provides a method for monitoring the construction process of template fasteners with monitoring functions, including the following steps: Fastening installation steps: Select appropriate template fasteners according to construction needs. Wrap multiple fastening strips 1 around the perimeter of the square column template 9, ensuring that adjacent fastening strips 1 overlap at the corners of the template. Pass the screw body 21 through the overlapping area and tighten the connecting nut 3 to the specified preload to complete the mechanical fastening. Then, install the limiting component 6 onto the fastening strips.

[0051] The specific installation method of the limiting component 6 can be referred to in Embodiments 1 and 2, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] Signal acquisition steps: The stress detector 5 continuously acquires the axial tensile force monitoring signal of the screw body 21 at a preset sampling frequency. The preset sampling frequency range is 1Hz to 10Hz. The preset sampling frequency can be dynamically adjusted according to the construction stage. During the pouring stage, the sampling frequency is appropriately increased to capture rapid changes in the lateral pressure.

[0053] Status analysis steps: The integrated motherboard 8 performs analog-to-digital conversion, digital filtering and data processing on the collected monitoring signals, calculates the axial tensile force value borne by the screw body 21 in the screw 2 based on the calibration coefficient, and performs trend analysis by combining historical data within the construction time window.

[0054] Early warning judgment steps: Compare the current axial tensile force value with the preset safety threshold range. During concrete pouring, if the monitored axial tensile force rises steadily with the pouring progress and remains within the preset safety threshold range, the tightening status is determined to be normal, and a normal early warning signal is output. If the monitored axial tensile force drops abruptly and does not match the pouring progress or falls below the lower limit of the preset safety threshold range, the condition is determined to be loose, and a loosening early warning signal is output. If the monitored axial tensile force continuously exceeds the upper limit of the preset safety threshold range, the tightening status is determined to be too tight, and an over-tightening early warning signal is output. The early warning signal is sent to the construction management cloud platform via the communication unit and simultaneously pushed to the staff's mobile phones or computer terminals. The preset safety threshold in the early warning judgment process needs to be dynamically adjusted according to the construction condition parameters.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A form fastener with monitoring function, characterized by, include: The fastening assembly includes a plurality of fastening strips (1) surrounding the template (9), with an overlapping area between two adjacent fastening strips (1), and the fastening strips (1) are used to abut against the template (9). The connecting bolt device includes a screw (2) and a connecting nut (3) threaded onto the screw (2). The screw (2) passes through the overlapping area. The connecting nuts (3) are provided on both sides of the overlapping area, and the connecting nuts (3) are used to abut against the fastening strip (1). The connecting bolt device further includes: The stress detector (5) is used to monitor the axial tensile force on the screw (2) in real time and output the corresponding monitoring signal; The data processing and communication module is electrically connected to the stress detector (5) and is used to receive the monitoring signal, process the monitoring signal and transmit it remotely. The power supply module (4) is used to power the stress detector (5) and the data processing and communication module.

2. The template fastener with a monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized by, The screw (2) includes a protective shell (22) and a screw body (21) connected to each other. The data processing and communication module and the power supply module (4) are both located inside the protective shell (22). The stress detector (5) is located inside the screw body (21). The connecting nut (3) is threaded onto the screw body (21).

3. The template fastener with a monitoring function according to claim 2, characterized by, The protective housing (22) includes a light-collecting housing (221) and a control housing (222) connected to each other, wherein the cross-sectional area of ​​the light-collecting housing (221) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the control housing (222); The power supply module (4) includes an electrically connected solar panel (41) and an energy storage unit (42). The solar panel (41) is located inside the light-collecting housing (221). The top of the light-collecting housing (221) is provided with a light-transmitting plate (23). The energy storage unit (42) and the data processing and communication module are located inside the control housing (222).

4. The template fastener with a monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized by The bottom of the light-collecting housing (221) and the top of the screw body (21) are also connected to multiple connecting struts (7).

5. A template fastener with monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting component (6), which includes a limiting plate (61) and a limiting bolt (62). The limiting plate (61) is used to abut against the connecting nut (3), and the limiting bolt (62) is inserted through the limiting plate (61) and used to be threadedly connected to the fastening strip (1).

6. A template fastener with monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fastening strip (1) has a connecting groove (11) along its own length for the screw (2) to pass through. The fastening strip (1) is provided with an adjustment hole group, which includes a plurality of adjustment holes (12) spaced apart along the length of the fastening strip (1). The adjustment holes (12) are threaded into the limiting bolt (62).

7. A template fastener with monitoring function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting plate (61) is slidably disposed on the fastening strip (1) in the horizontal direction. The limiting component (6) also includes a positioning groove (63). The opening of the positioning groove (63) is disposed facing the connecting bolt device. The positioning groove (63) is used for the connecting nut (3) to engage with one side.

8. A template fastener with monitoring function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom of the limiting plate (61) is connected to a guide slider (611), and the fastening strip (1) has a guide groove (13) along its own length direction. The guide slider (611) is slidably disposed in the guide groove (13).

9. A template fastener with monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing and communication module is set as an integrated motherboard (8) with a communication unit. The integrated motherboard (8) is used to compare the axial tensile force with the preset safety threshold range, determine the tightness status as normal, loose or too tight according to the comparison result, and issue a construction safety warning signal.

10. A method for monitoring the construction process of template fasteners with monitoring function, applied to the fasteners according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Signal acquisition steps: Real-time acquisition of the monitoring signal of axial tensile force output by the stress detector (5); State analysis steps: Process the collected monitoring signals to obtain the axial tensile force value currently borne by the screw (2); Warning judgment steps: The axial tensile force value is compared with the preset safety threshold. When the axial tensile force value is lower than, reaches or exceeds the preset safety threshold, the corresponding construction safety warning signal is output respectively. The preset safety threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the construction condition parameters.

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