Oil pumping rod structure

Abstract

This invention discloses an oil sucker rod structure, relating to the field of oil extraction equipment technology. It includes an outer casing and a sucker rod slidably installed inside the outer casing. An additional centralizing mechanism is provided on the outer side of the sucker rod to reduce its frictional resistance. The centralizing mechanism includes several sets of centralizers rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the sucker rod. Each centralizer has a pair of rotating rings rotatably sleeved at its end, and several evenly distributed elastic plates are rotatably connected between adjacent rotating rings. A drive mechanism for controlling the activation of the centralizing mechanism is provided on the outer side of the centralizing mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a top cap rotatably installed at one end of the set of centralizers, and a bottom cover rotatably installed at the other end of the set of centralizers. A first magnetic block and a second magnetic block are also sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the sucker rod. This invention discloses an oil sucker rod structure with high efficiency and high operational reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil extraction equipment technology, and in particular to an oil sucker rod structure. Background Technology

[0002] In rod-operated oil pumping systems, the sucker rod reciprocates inside the tubing. To prevent metal-to-metal friction between the sucker rod and the inner wall of the tubing (leading to rod and tubing wear), a rigid centralizer (such as a nylon centralizer block) is usually installed on the sucker rod.

[0003] Most oil sucker rods on the market are polished rods, requiring the addition of a centralizer. However, traditional centralizers are limited by their fixed outer diameter during actual operation and use. This structure causes the centralizer to be in constant contact with the inner wall of the tubing during tripping in and out of the well, increasing frictional resistance and making it prone to "stuck well" accidents. In addition, traditional centralizers have point or short strip contact, resulting in a small centralizing area, high pressure per unit area, and rapid wear. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses an oil sucker rod structure, which aims to solve the technical problems of existing sucker rod structures and functions being limited, and the centralizers used with them experiencing high resistance and easy jamming during tripping in and out of the well, as well as small centralizing area and severe wear during normal operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An oil sucker rod structure includes an outer sleeve and a sucker rod slidably installed inside the outer sleeve. An additional straightening mechanism is provided on the outside of the sucker rod to reduce its frictional resistance. The straightening mechanism includes several sets of straighteners rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sucker rod. Under normal conditions, the straighteners are in a compressed state. Each straightener has a pair of rotating rings rotatably sleeved at its end, and several evenly distributed elastic plates are rotatably connected between two adjacent rotating rings. The elastic plates are distributed in a ring on the outside of the sucker rod. The outer side of the straightening mechanism is provided with a drive mechanism for controlling the start of the straightening mechanism. The drive mechanism includes a top cap rotatably mounted on one end of the entire set of straighteners. The top cap is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the sucker rod. The other end of the entire set of straighteners is rotatably mounted with a bottom cover. The outer side of the sucker rod is also sleeved and fixed with a first magnetic block and a second magnetic block. The first magnetic block is distributed in the middle of the entire set of straighteners, while the second magnetic block is distributed on the top of the entire set of straighteners. Under normal conditions, the bottom cover and the first magnetic block are magnetically fixed and compress the entire set of straighteners. During operation, the bottom cover and the second magnetic block are magnetically fixed and lock the extended entire set of straighteners. The centering mechanism, which is connected to the drive mechanism, is installed on the outside of the sucker rod and automatically starts during the tripping of the sucker rod to reduce drag and protect it.

[0006] By incorporating a centralizing mechanism with a linked drive mechanism into the traditional oil sucker rod structure, this centralizing mechanism differs from the fixed structure of traditional centralizers. It adopts a deformable flexible structure and uses magnetic attraction for compression and extension, replacing the traditional rigid centralizer. The kit of this device remains in a contracted state during tripping in and out of the well, with no contact or minimal gap with the inner wall of the tubing, significantly reducing tripping resistance and the risk of stuck wells. After reaching the predetermined depth, triggered by the medium on the inner wall of the outer casing, the centralizing mechanism automatically extends radially, forming a large-area centralizing support surface, thereby achieving low-resistance tripping in and high centralizing efficiency. This device combines the low-resistance characteristics of a smooth sucker rod with the guiding function of a centralizer, solving the problems of rapid wear and easy stuck wells of traditional centralizers, and significantly extending the service life of the sucker rod and tubing.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, each of the stabilizers includes a rubber pad distributed on the outside of the sucker rod, with an alloy plate fixedly mounted on the back of the rubber pad. The end of the alloy plate is rotatably mounted inside the rotating ring, the top cap, and the bottom cover, while the alloy plate is suspended and has a gap between it and the sucker rod.

[0008] By incorporating a centralizer primarily composed of rubber pads and alloy plates, this device replaces the fixed structure of traditional centralizers with a deformable, non-fixed structure. Under normal conditions, the rubber pads are compressed, reducing friction when the sucker rod enters the outer casing. During operation, the rubber pads are extended, increasing the protective area for the sucker rod. Compared to traditional sucker rod centralizing measures, this equipment is more comprehensive and complete.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, each of the rubber pads is provided with a threaded protrusion on its outer side, and the threaded protrusions located on the outer side of the same group of centralizers have the same thread direction and are connected in sequence.

[0010] By adding threaded protrusions to the rubber pad, the threaded protrusions contact the inner wall of the outer sleeve and provide threaded direction as the sucker rod moves vertically, causing the entire centering mechanism to rotate and providing space for oil flow, thus maintaining the integrity of the equipment's operation.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, each alloy sheet has a concave portion in the middle, which causes the rubber pad to tend to concave towards the sucker rod.

[0012] By providing an inward recess within the alloy sheet, a tendency for the extended alloy sheet to concave inward is provided, thereby providing the basic conditions for the reset and retraction of the entire straightening mechanism and maintaining the integrity of the equipment's operation.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a compression ring is fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve. The compression ring and the bottom cover are in compression contact and pass over the surface of the bottom cover. The compression ring has a plurality of convex parts inside and passes over the surface of the top cap through the convex parts.

[0014] By setting a compression ring structure inside the outer tube, when the straightening mechanism in a compressed state passes through the inside of the compression ring, the relative compression between the convex part inside the compression ring and the bottom cover causes the bottom cover to lose its magnetic fixation, causing the straightening mechanism to extend. The straightening mechanism retracts in the same way, thereby maintaining the integrity of the equipment during operation.

[0015] As can be seen from the above, the oil sucker rod structure provided by the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0016] Firstly, by replacing the fixed structure of the traditional centralizer with a flexible telescopic centralizing mechanism that is equipped with the sucker rod itself, the traditional oil sucker rod is based on the traditional oil sucker rod structure. The flexible structure is deformable and uses magnetic attraction to compress and extend. The kit of this equipment remains in a contracted state when running in and out of the well, with no contact or minimal gap with the inner wall of the tubing, which greatly reduces the resistance to running in and out of the well and the risk of stuck well, and improves stability.

[0017] Secondly, after reaching the predetermined depth, the centralizing mechanism is triggered by the medium on the inner wall of the outer casing and will automatically extend radially. Unlike the narrow centralizing area of ​​traditional centralizers, this device can form a large centralizing support surface, which greatly improves the centralizing efficiency. This device combines the low resistance characteristics of smooth sucker rods with the guiding function of centralizers, solving the problems of rapid wear and easy well jamming of traditional centralizers, and significantly extending the service life of sucker rods and tubing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure proposed in this invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The present invention proposes Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drive mechanism structure proposed in this invention.

[0022] Figure 5This is an exploded view of the straightening mechanism structure proposed in this invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the centralizer structure proposed in this invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the centralizer structure proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 8 The present invention proposes Figure 7 Enlarged view of the structure at point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the deformation state changes of the rubber pad proposed in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Outer tube; 2. Sucker rod; 201. Connector; 3. Straightening mechanism; 301. Straightener; 3011. Rubber pad; 3012. Alloy sheet; 3013. Threaded protrusion; 3014. Concave part; 3015. Fastening edge; 302. Rotating ring; 303. Elastic sheet; 3031. Clamping edge; 4. Drive mechanism; 401. Top cap; 402. Bottom cover; 403. First magnetic block; 404. Second magnetic block; 405. Compression ring; 4051. Convex part. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0029] The oil sucker rod structure disclosed in this invention is mainly used in downhole oil extraction scenarios.

[0030] Reference Figures 1 to 9 A sucker rod structure for oilfields includes an outer sleeve 1 and a sucker rod 2 slidably installed inside the outer sleeve 1. A centralizing mechanism 3 is additionally provided on the outside of the sucker rod 2 to reduce the frictional resistance of the sucker rod 2. The centralizing mechanism 3 includes several sets of centralizers 301 rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sucker rod 2. Under normal conditions, the centralizers 301 are in a compressed state. Each centralizer 301 has a pair of rotating rings 302 rotatably sleeved at its end. Several evenly distributed elastic plates 303 are rotatably connected between two adjacent rotating rings 302. The elastic plates 303 are distributed in a ring on the outside of the sucker rod 2. A drive mechanism 4 for controlling the start of the straightening mechanism 3 is provided on the outside of the straightening mechanism 3. The drive mechanism 4 includes a top cap 401 rotatably mounted on one end of the whole set of straighteners 301. The top cap 401 is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the sucker rod 2. A bottom cover 402 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the whole set of straighteners 301. A first magnetic block 403 and a second magnetic block 404 are also sleeved and fixed on the outside of the sucker rod 2. The first magnetic block 403 is distributed in the middle of the whole set of straighteners 301, while the second magnetic block 404 is distributed on the top of the whole set of straighteners 301. Under normal conditions, the bottom cover 402 and the first magnetic block 403 are magnetically fixed and compress the whole set of straighteners 301. During operation, the bottom cover 402 and the second magnetic block 404 are magnetically fixed and lock the extended whole set of straighteners 301. The straightening mechanism 3 of the linkage drive mechanism 4 is installed on the outside of the sucker rod 2. It automatically starts during the process of raising and lowering the sucker rod 2 into the well to reduce the drag of the sucker rod 2.

[0031] In this embodiment: Under normal conditions, the entire straightening mechanism 3 is in a retracted state. At this time, the bottom cover 402 and the first magnetic block 403 are magnetically fixed. The worker uses external equipment to hoist the sucker rod 2 and slowly place it into the inside of the outer sleeve 1. The sucker rod 2 will slowly move along the inside of the outer sleeve 1. At the same time, several straighteners 301 located on the outside of the sucker rod 2, which are in a compressed state, will move synchronously until the bottom cover 402 located on top of the straightener 301 is triggered. At this time, the bottom cover 402 loses its attraction and fixation with the first magnetic block 403, and slides relative to the outside of the sucker rod 2 as the sucker rod 2 moves, until the second magnetic block 403 is triggered. Block 404 is fixed by adsorption, while the bottom cover 402 slides, which pulls the retracted stabilizer 301 and elastic sheet 303 to extend synchronously until the stabilizer 301 extends and resets and contacts the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1. Meanwhile, a new sucker rod 2 is added to the top of the sucker rod 2 through the connector, extending the sucker rod 2 along the length inside the outer sleeve 1. When the sucker rod 2 moves back and forth along the inside of the outer sleeve 1 to perform sucking work, the stabilizer 301 located outside the sucker rod 2 will be driven by the friction of the outer sleeve 1 and rotate around the rotating ring 302, thereby reducing the friction force on the sucker rod 2 when it moves vertically.

[0032] The outer sleeve 1 has a compression ring 405 fixedly installed inside. The compression ring 405 and the bottom cover 402 are in compression contact and pass over the surface of the bottom cover 402. The compression ring 405 has several convex parts 4051 inside and passes over the surface of the top cap 401 through the convex parts 4051. The sucker rod 2 moves slowly along the inside of the outer sleeve 1. At the same time, several centralizers 301 located outside the sucker rod 2 in a compressed state move synchronously until the bottom cover 402 located on top of the centralizer 301 is squeezed by the convex parts 4051 inside the compression ring 405. At this time, the bottom cover 402 loses its attraction and fixation with the first magnetic block 403. Similarly, when the sucker rod 2 is pulled out from the inside of the outer sleeve 1, the compression ring 405 will squeeze the bottom cover 402, causing the bottom cover 402 and the second magnetic block 404 to detach from the attraction.

[0033] Specifically, the outer diameter of the rotating ring 302 is smaller than the maximum diameter of each set of centralizers 301 to provide space for the flow of oil. The end of the sucker rod 2 is provided with a connector 201. Several sucker rods 2 are connected by the connector 201 and external connectors to extend them. The connection method of the sucker rod 2 is existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Reference Figures 5 to 9 In a preferred embodiment, each stabilizer 301 includes a rubber pad 3011 distributed on the outside of the sucker rod 2. An alloy sheet 3012 is fixedly installed on the back of the rubber pad 3011. The end of the alloy sheet 3012 is rotatably installed inside the rotating ring 302, the top cap 401 and the bottom cover 402. At the same time, the alloy sheet 3012 is suspended and has a gap between it and the sucker rod 2.

[0035] Under normal conditions, the bottom cover 402 and the first magnetic block 403 are magnetically fixed and compress the entire set of stabilizers 301. At this time, all the rubber pads 3011 are in a compressed state and do not contact the inner wall of the outer tube 1. During operation, as the bottom cover 402 and the second magnetic block 404 are magnetically fixed, the rubber pads 3011, alloy sheet 3012 and elastic sheet 303, which are no longer restricted by compression, will all extend from the compressed state. The extended rubber pads 3011 will then contact the inner wall of the outer tube 1.

[0036] Each rubber pad 3011 has a threaded protrusion 3013 on its outer side. The threaded protrusions 3013 located on the outer side of the same set of centralizers 301 have the same thread direction and are connected in the same direction. The extended rubber pad 3011 will bring the threaded protrusion 3013 into contact with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1. At this time, as the sucker rod 2 moves back and forth inside the outer sleeve 1, the rubber pad 3011 and the threaded protrusion 3013 located on the outer side of the sucker rod 2 will be driven by the friction of the outer sleeve 1 and rotate around the rotating ring 302, thereby reducing the friction force on the sucker rod 2 when it moves vertically.

[0037] Furthermore, each alloy sheet 3012 has a retaining edge 3015 at its end. The alloy sheet 3012 is rotatably mounted inside the rotating ring 302, the top cap 401, and the bottom cover 402 via the retaining edge 3015. The elastic sheet 303 has a locking edge 3031 at its end. The elastic sheet 303 is rotatably connected to the rotating ring 302 via the locking edge 3031 to maintain the connection stability during rotation.

[0038] Specifically, each alloy sheet 3012 has a concave portion 3014 in the middle, which causes the rubber pad 3011 to tend to be concave towards the sucker rod 2, thereby facilitating the contraction and deformation of the rubber pad 3011 when the sucker rod 2 is pulled upward.

[0039] Working principle: During use, the worker uses external equipment to hoist the sucker rod 2 and slowly place it into the inside of the outer sleeve 1. The sucker rod 2 will slowly move along the inside of the outer sleeve 1. At the same time, several centralizers 301 located on the outside of the sucker rod 2, which are in a compressed state, will move synchronously until the bottom cover 402 located on top of the centralizer 301 is triggered by the compression ring 405. At this time, the bottom cover 402 loses its attraction and fixation to the first magnetic block 403, and slides relative to the outside of the sucker rod 2 as it moves, until it is attracted and fixed by the second magnetic block 404. While the bottom cover 402 is sliding, The centralizer 301 and the elastic plate 303 will be pulled and retracted to extend synchronously until the centralizer 301 extends and returns to its original position and contacts the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1. Meanwhile, a new sucker rod 2 is added to the top of the sucker rod 2 through the connector, extending the sucker rod 2 along the length inside the outer sleeve 1. When the sucker rod 2 moves back and forth along the inside of the outer sleeve 1 to perform sucking work, the centralizer 301 located outside the sucker rod 2 will be driven by the friction of the outer sleeve 1. The rubber pad 3011 and the threaded protrusion 3013 will rotate around the rotating ring 302, thereby reducing the friction force on the sucker rod 2 when it moves vertically.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil sucker rod structure, comprising an outer casing (1) and a sucker rod (2) slidably installed inside the outer casing (1), characterized in that, An additional straightening mechanism (3) is provided on the outside of the sucker rod (2) to reduce the frictional resistance of the sucker rod (2). The straightening mechanism (3) includes several sets of straighteners (301) that are rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sucker rod (2). Under normal conditions, the straighteners (301) are in a compressed state. Each end of the straightener (301) is rotatably sleeved with a pair of rotating rings (302). A number of evenly distributed elastic plates (303) are rotatably connected between two adjacent rotating rings (302). The elastic plates (303) are distributed in a ring on the outside of the sucker rod (2). The outer side of the straightening mechanism (3) is provided with a drive mechanism (4) for controlling the start of the straightening mechanism (3). The drive mechanism (4) includes a top cap (401) rotatably mounted on one end of the entire set of straighteners (301). The top cap (401) is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the sucker rod (2). The other end of the entire set of straighteners (301) is rotatably mounted with a bottom cover (402). The outer side of the sucker rod (2) is also sleeved and fixed with a first magnetic block (403) and a second magnetic block (404). 4) The first magnetic block (403) is located in the middle of the entire set of straighteners (301), while the second magnetic block (404) is located above the entire set of straighteners (301). Under normal conditions, the bottom cover (402) and the first magnetic block (403) are magnetically fixed and compress the entire set of straighteners (301). During operation, the bottom cover (402) and the second magnetic block (404) are magnetically fixed and lock the extended set of straighteners (301). The centering mechanism (3) connected to the drive mechanism (4) is installed on the outside of the sucker rod (2) and automatically starts during the process of the sucker rod (2) being lowered into the well to reduce resistance and protect the sucker rod (2).

2. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the stabilizers (301) includes a rubber pad (3011) distributed on the outside of the sucker rod (2). An alloy plate (3012) is fixedly installed on the back of the rubber pad (3011). The end of the alloy plate (3012) is rotatably installed inside the rotating ring (302), the top cap (401), and the bottom cover (402). At the same time, the alloy plate (3012) is suspended and has a gap between it and the sucker rod (2).

3. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the rubber pads (3011) is provided with a threaded protrusion (3013) on its outer side, and the threaded protrusions (3013) located on the outer side of the same group of centralizers (301) have the same thread direction and are connected in the same direction.

4. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each alloy sheet (3012) has a concave portion (3014) in the middle, which causes the rubber pad (3011) to tend to be concave towards the sucker rod (2).

5. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the alloy pieces (3012) has a snap-on edge (3015) at its end, and the alloy pieces (3012) are rotatably mounted inside the rotating ring (302), the top cap (401) and the bottom cover (402) via the snap-on edge (3015).

6. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An extrusion ring (405) is fixedly installed inside the outer tube (1). The extrusion ring (405) and the bottom cover (402) are in extrusion contact and pass over the surface of the bottom cover (402).

7. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The compression ring (405) has a plurality of convex surfaces (4051) inside, and passes over the surface of the top cap (401) through the convex surfaces (4051).

8. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the elastic sheet (303) is provided with a retaining edge (3031), and the elastic sheet (303) is rotatably connected to the rotating ring (302) through the retaining edge (3031).

9. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the sucker rod (2) is provided with a connector (201), and several sucker rods (2) are connected by the connector (201) and external connectors to extend the connection.

10. The oil sucker rod structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the rotating ring (302) is smaller than the maximum diameter of each set of centralizers (301) to provide space for the flow of oil.

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