Foldable horizontally opening subway emergency exit door and control method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door and its control method. The exit door includes a square steel door frame, a door leaf assembly consisting of a first door, a second door, and a third door hinged sequentially, a hinge assembly, a guide mechanism, a drive mechanism, and an auxiliary protective mechanism. The hinge axis between the first and second doors is located below the connecting seam, while the hinge axis between the second and third doors is located above the connecting seam. When opening, the first door is driven to rotate upwards, causing the second door to fold, and the third door slides horizontally under the constraint of the guide mechanism, thus folding the door leaf assembly open. When closing, the reverse drive occurs, and the door leaf assembly lies horizontally above the opening. The advantages of this invention are: the door leaves are horizontal and flat when closed, improving the aesthetics of the environment; it also features fire-fighting linkage control and two manual opening modes (power off and power on), making it suitable for subway emergency exit areas with high aesthetic requirements and facilitating operation and management.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door and its control method, belonging to the field of special purpose door technology. Background Technology

[0002] As the core carrier of urban public transportation, the subway is characterized by its strong enclosure, large passenger flow, and complex structure. The rationality of emergency exits directly affects the efficiency of personnel evacuation and the effectiveness of safety assurance during disasters. According to subway design specifications, all subway stations should be equipped with dedicated fire exits, mainly for the entry of firefighters and the evacuation of subway staff in case of fire. Existing emergency exits mostly adopt stairwell structures, resulting in tall, enclosed buildings that damage the aesthetics of the surrounding environment, obstruct views, and occupy a large amount of public space, making them unsuitable for urban areas with high landscape requirements.

[0003] Furthermore, some existing emergency exit doors lack comprehensive fire-fighting linkage functions, cannot work in conjunction with the subway's central fire control system, have insufficient emergency reliability, and are ill-suited to the design requirements of modern subways. Additionally, the structural design of existing subway emergency exit doors fails to balance aesthetics and practicality, and cannot meet the needs of areas with high landscape requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a subway emergency exit door that eliminates the need for towering ground-level pavilions, is aesthetically pleasing, adaptable to areas with high landscape requirements, possesses comprehensive fire-fighting linkage functions, and is easy to manage, thus addressing the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing subway emergency exit doors, such as poor aesthetics, insufficient fire-fighting linkage, difficulty in adapting to areas with high landscape requirements, and inconvenience in management, a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door is proposed. When closed, the door panels flatly cover the door frame above the top of the flood retaining wall. This eliminates the traditional high-rise ground pavilion structure of emergency exits, retaining only a low flood-retaining structure that meets flood control requirements. With its low overall height and unobstructed view, it can blend naturally with the surrounding landscape and is suitable for subway station areas with high landscape requirements. It achieves horizontal and flat closing, automatic and manual dual opening, and reliable fire-fighting linkage, meeting the usage needs of subway emergency exits, and is especially suitable for areas with high landscape requirements.

[0005] This invention provides a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door and its control method. The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, comprising: Square steel door frame (7); The door assembly is formed by hinged first door (2), second door (3) and third door (4) in sequence, wherein the hinge axis of the first door (2) and the second door (3) is located on the lower side of the connecting seam, and the hinge axis of the second door (3) and the third door (4) is located on the upper side of the connecting seam. Hinge assembly (5) for hinged adjacent door panels and for hinged installation of the first door panel (2) to the square steel door frame (7); A guiding mechanism is provided between the third door (4) and the square steel door frame (7) to restrict the third door (4) to move only horizontally; A drive mechanism, connected to the first door (2), is used to drive the door assembly to open or close; the drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder (1) and a manual operating device, the manual operating device being used to manually open the door assembly when the electric cylinder is de-energized or malfunctions; and An auxiliary protective mechanism is installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame (7); The square steel door frame (7) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground; in the closed state, the first door (2), the second door (3) and the third door (4) are laid horizontally above the square steel door frame (7) to cover the personnel access hole (20).

[0006] The civil engineering fixed structure includes an underground concrete wall (11) and an above-ground concrete retaining wall (13); the underground concrete wall (11) is set around the stairwell to provide an indirect support foundation for the square steel door frame (7) and to provide a hinged force transmission foundation for the first door (2) through the square steel door frame (7); the above-ground concrete retaining wall (13) is fixed above the entrance of the personnel access hole (20) opened at the top of the stairwell to provide an anchoring foundation for the square steel door frame (7); The square steel door frame (7) is a square steel tube structure with an anchor hook (19) at the bottom, which is fixedly installed on the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground.

[0007] The hinge assembly (5) includes: The hinge (5-1) of the first door connecting to the door frame is used to hinge the end of the first door (2) away from the second door (3) to the side beam of the square steel door frame (7). The hinge (5-2) connecting the first door to the second door is installed on the lower side of the joint between the first door (2) and the second door (3), and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint. The hinge (5-3) connecting the second door to the third door is installed on the upper side of the joint between the second door (3) and the third door (4), and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint.

[0008] The guiding mechanism includes an L-shaped rod (14), a guide wheel (15), and a C-shaped track (6). One end of the L-shaped rod (14) is welded to the inner surface of the third door (4), and the guide wheel (15) is installed at the other end of the L-shaped rod (14). The C-shaped track (6) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame (7) and is arranged horizontally along the sliding direction of the door. The guide wheel (15) is fitted into the C-shaped track (6) and rolls with the track.

[0009] The drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder (1), which has a self-locking function and is linked with the fire control cabinet (12); the tail of the cylinder body of the electric cylinder (1) is hinged to the side wall of the underground concrete wall (11) through a hinge seat, and the end of the push rod is hinged to the inner side of the first door (2) through a movable hinge seat.

[0010] The auxiliary protection mechanism includes a sealing strip assembly, which includes a door frame sealing strip (18) and a door leaf sealing strip (21). The door frame sealing strip (18) is fixed to the inner side of the square steel door frame (7). In the closed state, the overall coverage area of ​​the door leaf is larger than the opening size of the square steel door frame (7), and the door leaf presses against the door frame sealing strip (18) to achieve sealing. The door leaf sealing strip (21) is a EPDM foam sealing strip, which is continuously set along the width direction of the door leaf on the mating end face of the first door (2) and the second door (3), and on the mating end face of the second door (3) and the third door (4). The strip is embedded in the reserved groove on the end face of the door leaf and fixed. When the door leaf is completely closed, the mating end face of the adjacent door leaf is squeezed against each other, causing the foam strip to be compressed and deformed, completely filling the gap between the joints and blocking the passage of water and dust.

[0011] It also includes padlocks or concealed locks installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame (7).

[0012] The manual operation device includes a manual switch (16) and an external emergency switch (17); when the power is not cut off, the manual switch (16) is operated to start the electric cylinder (1) to drive the door assembly to open; when the power is cut off, the external emergency switch (17) is operated to disconnect the electric cylinder (1) from the first door (2) so that the first door (2) can be manually lifted to open the door assembly.

[0013] A control method for a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, based on the aforementioned foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, includes an automatic opening method and an automatic closing method. The automatic opening method includes the following steps: Step S1: The fire control cabinet (12) issues an opening command to control the push rod of the electric cylinder (1) to extend; Step S2: The push rod of the electric cylinder (1) pushes the first door (2) to rotate upward around the pivot of the hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame. The hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame is hinged to the side beam of the square steel door frame (7). The square steel door frame (7) is fixed to the top surface of the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground by the anchor hook (19). Step S3: Since the hinge (5-2) connecting the first door (2) and the second door (3) is installed on the lower side of the joint between the two doors, when the first door (2) is lifted up, the end of the second door (3) close to the first door (2) is lifted up synchronously, while the end of the second door (3) away from the first door (2) is horizontally displaced, so that the second door (3) is tilted. Step S4: Since the hinge (5-3) connecting the second door (3) and the third door (4) is installed on the upper side of the joint between the two doors, the third door (4) slides horizontally with the movement of the second door (3) under the action of the guide mechanism; in the guide mechanism, the L-shaped rod (14) fixedly installed on the inner surface of the third door (4) drives the guide wheel (15), and the guide wheel (15) is locked in the C-shaped track (6) fixed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame (7) and rolls along the track, constraining the third door (4) to only move horizontally and always maintain a horizontal state; Step S5: After opening, the first door (2) is in the first tilt position, the second door (3) is in the second tilt position opposite to the first tilt position, and the third door (4) is horizontally located on the side of the second door (3) away from the first door (2), fully exposing the personnel access hole (20) to realize the opening of the emergency exit; The automatic shutdown method includes the following steps: Step T1: The fire control cabinet (12) issues a shutdown command, controlling the push rod of the electric cylinder (1) to retract; Step T2: The push rod of the electric cylinder (1) pulls the first door (2) to rotate downward around the pivot of the hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame; Step T3: The first door (2) drives the second door (3) and the third door (4) to move in opposite directions. The third door (4) slides horizontally in the opposite direction with the cooperation of the guide wheel (15) and the C-shaped track (6). Step T4: The first door (2), the second door (3) and the third door (4) are restored to a horizontal laying state and are flatly covered above the square steel door frame (7). The door leaves press the door frame sealing strip (18) to achieve a sealed closure. At the same time, the door leaf sealing strips (21) on the mating end face of the adjacent door leaves are squeezed and deformed to completely fill the joint gap.

[0014] It also includes a manual activation method, which includes the following two modes: Power outage mode: The staff operates the external emergency switch (17) to disconnect the electric cylinder (1) from the first door (2), and then manually lifts the first door (2) upwards, which drives the second door (3) and the third door (4) to open in the same folding posture as the automatic opening method; Power-on mode: The operator presses the manual switch (16) on the door leaf to start the electric cylinder (1). The electric cylinder (1) drives the door leaf assembly to open according to the steps of the automatic opening method. The advantages of this invention are: (1) In the closed state, the door panel is flatly covered above the door frame at the top of the water-retaining wall. The traditional high ground pavilion building of the emergency exit is eliminated, and only the low water-retaining structure that meets the flood control requirements is retained. The overall height is low and there is no visual obstruction. It can be naturally integrated with the surrounding landscape and is suitable for subway station areas with high landscape requirements.

[0015] (2) It adopts both automatic and manual opening modes. Automatic opening is driven by an electric cylinder and linked with the fire control cabinet. It is simple to operate and opens quickly, which can quickly meet the needs of emergency evacuation. Manual opening is divided into two modes. When the power is off, the connection between the electric cylinder and the first door is disconnected by an external emergency switch. When the power is not off, the electric cylinder is started by a manual switch. This ensures that the electric cylinder 1 can be opened quickly in various scenarios such as failure, power outage, and emergency, and is suitable for emergency needs. (3) A sealing strip is installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame to improve the fit; at the same time, EPDM foam sealing strips are installed on the mating end face of adjacent door leaves. When the door leaves are closed, the sealing strips are compressed and deformed to fill the joints, effectively blocking the water and dust passage and improving the protection level; the square steel door frame is fixed to the concrete water retaining wall on the ground by anchor hooks, which is compatible with the structural requirements of the subway safety passage; at the same time, it avoids the management hazards of easy entry of outsiders and garbage accumulation in the open scheme, solves the defects of the ground pavilion scheme that is difficult to integrate with the surrounding environment and has a large area, and is suitable for areas with high landscape requirements.

[0016] (4) The square steel door frame, high-strength hinge assembly and guide mechanism are adopted, which have high structural strength and can withstand the wear of long-term use; the matching design of the guide wheel and C-shaped track ensures smooth opening and closing and reduces component wear; the anchor hook enhances the fixing stability of the square steel door frame 7 and improves the structural reliability. (5) The door does not need to be equipped with a special locking structure. It can be locked by relying on the electric cylinder 1 to lock, which simplifies the overall structure and reduces manufacturing costs. At the same time, padlocks or hidden locks can be flexibly added according to needs, taking into account both anti-theft security and emergency convenience, and adapting to different operation and management scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the invention in the off state. Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the invention in the open state. Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as a result. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or substitutions can be made to the details and form of the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, but all such modifications and substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] See Figures 1 to 4 This invention relates to a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, comprising a square steel door frame 7; a door leaf assembly, consisting of a first door 2, a second door 3, and a third door 4 sequentially hinged together, wherein the hinge axis between the first door 2 and the second door 3 is located on the lower side of the connecting seam, and the hinge axis between the second door 3 and the third door 4 is located on the upper side of the connecting seam; a hinge assembly 5, used to hinge adjacent door leaves and to hinge the first door 2 to the square steel door frame 7; and a guide mechanism, disposed between the third door 4 and the square steel door frame 7, used to constrain the third door 4 to only allow water to flow. The door assembly is designed for horizontal movement; a drive mechanism connected to the first door 2 for opening or closing the door assembly; the drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder 1 and a manual operating device, the manual operating device being used to manually open the door assembly when the electric cylinder is powered off or malfunctions; and an auxiliary protection mechanism, located between the door and the square steel door frame 7; wherein the square steel door frame 7 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground; in the closed state, the first door 2, the second door 3, and the third door 4 are horizontally laid above the square steel door frame 7, covering the personnel access hole 20.

[0021] The square steel door frame 7 is made of welded square steel tubes, and its bottom is equipped with anchor hooks 19, which are pre-embedded and fixed to the concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground. The size of the square steel door frame 7 is adapted to the civil engineering opening of the subway emergency exit, ensuring that the square steel door frame 7 fits tightly with the opening; the concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground is tightly fixed above the personnel access hole 20 in the stairwell of the subway emergency exit. The stairwell is surrounded by underground concrete walls 11, and the top of the stairwell has personnel access holes 20 for personnel to enter and exit. The concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground is set around the personnel access holes 20, adapting to the structural requirements of the subway safety passage.

[0022] The three small door panels are made of steel plates with appropriate strength and uniform thickness to ensure the load-bearing capacity and structural strength of the door panels.

[0023] The civil engineering fixed structure includes an underground concrete wall 11 and an above-ground concrete retaining wall 13. The underground concrete wall 11 is set around the stairwell to provide an indirect support foundation for the square steel door frame 7 and to provide a hinged force transmission foundation for the first door 2 through the square steel door frame 7. The above-ground concrete retaining wall 13 is fixed above the personnel access hole 20 opened at the top of the stairwell to provide an anchoring foundation for the square steel door frame 7. The square steel door frame 7 is a square steel tube structure with an anchor hook 19 at the bottom, which is fixedly installed on the above-ground concrete retaining wall 13.

[0024] Since the underground concrete wall 11 is set around the stairwell, it provides an indirect support foundation for the square steel door frame 7. The square steel door frame 7 is fixed to the top surface of the ground concrete water-retaining wall 13 by anchor hooks 19, thus providing a stable hinged force transmission foundation for the first door 2. The ground concrete water-retaining wall 13 is fixed above the entrance and exit of the personnel access hole 20, providing an anchoring foundation for the square steel door frame 7. The two have different functions: the underground concrete wall 11 is responsible for bearing the dynamic load of the door hinge and guide mechanism, while the ground concrete water-retaining wall 13 is responsible for fixing the square steel door frame 7 and also has a water-retaining function, avoiding instability caused by a single structure bearing multiple loads. At the same time, the square steel door frame 7 is fixed in the ground concrete water-retaining wall 13 by the bottom anchor hooks 19. The anchor hooks 19 penetrate deep into the concrete structure, enhancing the connection strength between the square steel door frame 7 and the civil structure. It can withstand the impact load during the opening and closing of the door and the trampling and crushing of people on the ground, effectively preventing the door frame from loosening or shifting, and achieving the positional accuracy and sealing performance of the emergency exit door after long-term use.

[0025] The hinge assembly 5 includes a hinge 5-1 for connecting the first door to the door frame, used to hinge the end of the first door 2 away from the second door 3 to the side beam of the square steel door frame 7; a hinge 5-2 for connecting the first door to the second door, installed on the lower side of the joint between the first door 2 and the second door 3, and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint; and a hinge 5-3 for connecting the second door to the third door, installed on the upper side of the joint between the second door 3 and the third door 4, and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint.

[0026] Because the hinges 5-2 connecting the first and second doors are installed on the lower side of the joint and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint, and the hinges 5-3 connecting the second and third doors are installed on the upper side of the joint and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint, together with the hinges 5-1 connecting the first door to the door frame and the hinged installation of the square steel door frame 7, a bottom-to-top alternating hinge axis arrangement is formed. This arrangement allows each door leaf to fold in an orderly manner according to a preset posture when opened. The first door flips upward, the second door is lifted due to the lower hinge axis, and the near and far ends are horizontally displaced in a "\" shape. The third door remains horizontally sliding due to the upper hinge axis and the guide mechanism. The actions are distinct and do not interfere with each other. At the same time, the symmetrical distribution of the hinges on both sides of the joint ensures that the door leaves are subjected to balanced force, avoiding skewness, jamming, or localized wear caused by unilateral force, effectively extending the service life of the hinge assembly, and ensuring the opening reliability of the emergency exit door in long-term use and frequent testing.

[0027] The guiding mechanism includes an L-shaped rod 14, a guide wheel 15, and a C-shaped track 6. One end of the L-shaped rod 14 is welded to the inner surface of the third door 4, and the guide wheel 15 is installed at the other end of the L-shaped rod 14. The C-shaped track 6 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame 7 and is arranged horizontally along the sliding direction of the door leaf. The guide wheel 15 is fitted into the C-shaped track 6 and rolls with the track.

[0028] The guide wheel is embedded in the C-shaped track to form a mechanical limit, while bearing the weight of the door leaf and rolling along the track. It not only bears the lateral force generated by the door leaf during folding, but also ensures the straightness of the movement path through the guide groove of the C-shaped track. This allows the third door 4 to slide out horizontally with the second door 3 when it is opened, and to slide back horizontally when it is closed, with the movement always being smooth and precise. In addition, the C-shaped track is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame 7, without the need for an additional installation foundation, which facilitates construction and maintenance.

[0029] The driving mechanism includes an electric cylinder 1, which has a self-locking function and is linked to the fire control cabinet 12. The tail of the electric cylinder 1 is hinged to the side wall of the underground concrete wall 11 via a hinge seat. The manual operation device includes a manual switch 16 and an external emergency switch 17; when the power is not interrupted, operating the manual switch 16 can start the electric cylinder 1 to drive the door assembly to open; when the power is interrupted, operating the external emergency switch 17 can disconnect the electric cylinder 1 from the first door 2, so that the first door 2 can be manually lifted to open the door assembly.

[0030] The auxiliary protection mechanism includes a sealing strip assembly, which comprises a door frame sealing strip 18 and a door leaf sealing strip 21. The door frame sealing strip 18 is fixed to the inner side of the square steel door frame 7. In the closed state, the overall coverage area of ​​the door leaf is larger than the opening size of the square steel door frame 7, and the door leaf presses against the door frame sealing strip 18 to achieve a seal. The sealing strip is compressed and deformed by the weight of the door leaf itself and the pressure maintained by the self-locking of the electric cylinder, forming a continuous sealing strip. This effectively prevents rainwater and dust from seeping into the stairwell from ground gaps, while also blocking smoke or odors from escaping from the stairwell. In addition, the sealing strip is fixed to the inner side of the door frame rather than the edge of the door leaf, avoiding wear, tearing, or detachment caused by repeated friction between the sealing strip and the ground or other parts during the folding, opening, and closing of the door leaf. This extends the service life of the sealing strip, reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and ensures that the emergency exit door maintains good sealing performance even when it is closed for a long time.

[0031] The door leaf sealing strip 21 is an EPDM foam sealing strip, which is continuously installed along the width of the door leaf on the mating end faces of the first door 2 and the second door 3, and on the mating end faces of the second door 3 and the third door 4. The EPDM foam sealing strip is embedded in the reserved groove on the end face of the door leaf and fixed in place. When the door leaf is fully closed, the mating end faces of adjacent door leaves are pressed against each other, causing the foam strip to compress and deform, completely filling the gap between the joints and blocking the passage of water and dust. By setting the door leaf sealing strip 21, the sealing problem of the gap between adjacent door leaves is effectively solved, and the overall waterproof and dustproof performance of the emergency exit door is further improved.

[0032] It also includes padlocks or concealed locks installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame 7. Without affecting the self-locking function of the electric cylinder 1, this provides an additional optional level of security for the emergency exit door. When the emergency exit is in a state of long-term closure and infrequent passage, the door leaf and door frame can be further locked by padlocks or concealed locks, effectively preventing unauthorized prying or opening by outsiders, avoiding entry by irrelevant personnel or accumulation of garbage and debris, and reducing the difficulty of operation and management. At the same time, padlocks and concealed locks can be flexibly selected according to the actual security needs of different sites.

[0033] The working principle of this invention is explained in detail below: I. Initial Closed State like Figure 1 As shown, under normal conditions, the first door 2, the second door 3, and the third door 4 are laid horizontally above the square steel door frame 7, covering the personnel access opening 20. The overall coverage area of ​​the door panels is larger than the opening size of the door frame 7. The door panels press tightly against the door frame sealing strip 18 fixed inside the door frame 7, achieving a seal. The electric cylinder 1 is in a self-locking state, and its self-locking function locks the door panels to prevent unauthorized personnel from opening them.

[0034] II. Automatic Start When an emergency exit door needs to be opened in an emergency, the procedure is as follows: Step 1: The subway fire control cabinet 12 issues an opening command, controlling the push rod of the electric cylinder 1 to extend.

[0035] Step 2: The push rod of the electric cylinder 1 pushes the first door 2 to rotate upward around the pivot of the hinge 5-1 connecting the first door to the door frame. The hinge 5-1 connecting the first door to the door frame is hinged to the side beam of the square steel door frame 7. The square steel door frame 7 is fixed to the top surface of the concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground by the anchor hook 19.

[0036] Step 3: Since the hinge 5-2 connecting the first door 2 and the second door 3 is installed on the lower side of the joint between the two doors, when the first door 2 is lifted up, the end of the second door 3 near the first door 2 is lifted up synchronously, while the end of the second door 3 away from the first door 2 is horizontally displaced, so that the second door 3 is tilted in a "\" shape.

[0037] Step 4: Since the hinge 5-3 connecting the second door 3 and the third door 4 is installed on the upper side of the joint between the two doors, the third door 4 slides horizontally with the movement of the second door 3 under the action of the guide mechanism. Specifically, the L-shaped rod 14 welded to the inner surface of the third door 4 drives the guide wheel 15. The guide wheel 15 is engaged in the C-shaped track 6 fixed to the inner side wall of the square steel door frame 7 and rolls along the track, strictly constraining the third door 4 to only move horizontally and always maintaining a horizontal state.

[0038] Step 5: After opening, the first door 2 is in the first tilt position ( / -shaped tilt position), the second door 3 is in the second tilt position opposite to the first tilt position (\-shaped tilt position), and the third door 4 is horizontally located on the side of the second door 3 away from the first door 2, fully exposing the personnel access hole 20, realizing the opening of the emergency exit and facilitating personnel evacuation.

[0039] 3. Automatic shutdown After the emergency is over, the following work will be carried out: Step 1: The subway fire control cabinet 12 issues a shutdown command, controlling the push rod of the electric cylinder 1 to retract.

[0040] Step 2: The push rod of the electric cylinder 1 pulls the first door 2 to rotate downward around the pivot of the hinge 5-1 connecting the first door to the door frame. The hinge 5-1 connecting the first door to the door frame is hinged to the side beam of the square steel door frame 7. The square steel door frame 7 is fixed to the top surface of the concrete retaining wall 13 on the ground by the anchor hook 19.

[0041] Step 3: The first door 2 drives the second door 3 and the third door 4 to move in opposite directions. The third door 4 slides horizontally in the opposite direction with the cooperation of the guide wheel 15 and the C-shaped track 6.

[0042] Step 4: Finally, the first door 2, the second door 3, and the third door 4 are restored to a horizontal laying state, flatly covering the top of the door frame. The door panels press against the door frame sealing strip 18 to achieve a sealed closure. At the same time, the sealing strips 21 between the door panels at the mating ends of adjacent door panels are squeezed and deformed to completely fill the joint gaps, achieving a water and dust seal.

[0043] IV. Manual Start When the automatic drive system fails to function properly, this invention provides two manual activation modes: Mode 1, Power Outage Mode: The staff operates the external emergency switch 17 to disconnect the electric cylinder 1 from the first door 2. Then, the staff manually lifts the first door 2 upwards, which drives the second door 3 and the third door 4 to open in the same folding posture as the automatic opening.

[0044] Mode 2, Power-on mode: The operator presses the manual switch 16 on the door to start the electric cylinder 1. The electric cylinder 1 then drives the door to open according to the automatic opening procedure.

[0045] The core of this invention's folding and opening mechanism lies in the alternating arrangement of the hinge axes along the thickness of the door leaf: The hinge axis of the first door 2 and the second door 3 is located on the lower side of the joint between the two doors, so that when the first door flips upward, the near end of the second door is lifted and the far end is horizontally displaced, tilting in a "\" shape.

[0046] The hinge axis of the second door 3 and the third door 4 is located on the upper side of the joint between the two doors. With the horizontal constraint of the guide mechanism of the third door, the third door remains in a horizontal state and only performs translational movement.

[0047] The alternating vertical arrangement of the hinge shafts, combined with the horizontal constraint of the guide mechanism, ensures that the three door panels do not interfere with each other and fold in an orderly manner during opening; when closing, they move in the opposite direction to restore a flat, laid-out state. Throughout the entire process, the third door 4 is kept horizontal by the guide mechanism, sliding only in a straight line, ensuring smoothness and reliability of opening and closing.

Claims

1. A foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, characterized in that, include: Square steel door frame (7); The door assembly is formed by hinged first door (2), second door (3) and third door (4) in sequence, wherein the hinge axis of the first door (2) and the second door (3) is located on the lower side of the connecting seam, and the hinge axis of the second door (3) and the third door (4) is located on the upper side of the connecting seam. Hinge assembly (5) for hinged adjacent door panels and for hinged installation of the first door panel (2) to the square steel door frame (7); A guiding mechanism is provided between the third door (4) and the square steel door frame (7) to restrict the third door (4) to move only horizontally; A drive mechanism, connected to the first door (2), is used to drive the door assembly to open or close; the drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder (1) and a manual operating device, the manual operating device being used to manually open the door assembly when the electric cylinder is de-energized or malfunctions; and An auxiliary protective mechanism is installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame (7); The square steel door frame (7) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground; in the closed state, the first door (2), the second door (3) and the third door (4) are laid horizontally above the square steel door frame (7) to cover the personnel access hole (20).

2. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The civil engineering fixed structure includes an underground concrete wall (11) and an above-ground concrete retaining wall (13); the underground concrete wall (11) is set around the stairwell to provide an indirect support foundation for the square steel door frame (7) and to provide a hinged force transmission foundation for the first door (2) through the square steel door frame (7); the above-ground concrete retaining wall (13) is fixed above the entrance of the personnel access hole (20) opened at the top of the stairwell to provide an anchoring foundation for the square steel door frame (7); The square steel door frame (7) is a square steel tube structure with an anchor hook (19) at the bottom, which is fixedly installed on the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground.

3. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge assembly (5) includes: The hinge (5-1) of the first door connecting to the door frame is used to hinge the end of the first door (2) away from the second door (3) to the side beam of the square steel door frame (7). The hinge (5-2) connecting the first door to the second door is installed on the lower side of the joint between the first door (2) and the second door (3), and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint. The hinge (5-3) connecting the second door to the third door is installed on the upper side of the joint between the second door (3) and the third door (4), and is symmetrically distributed on both sides of the joint.

4. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes an L-shaped rod (14), a guide wheel (15), and a C-shaped track (6). One end of the L-shaped rod (14) is welded to the inner surface of the third door (4), and the guide wheel (15) is installed at the other end of the L-shaped rod (14). The C-shaped track (6) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame (7) and is arranged horizontally along the sliding direction of the door. The guide wheel (15) is fitted into the C-shaped track (6) and rolls with the track.

5. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes an electric cylinder (1), which has a self-locking function and is linked with the fire control cabinet (12); the tail of the cylinder body of the electric cylinder (1) is hinged to the side wall of the underground concrete wall (11) through a hinge seat, and the end of the push rod is hinged to the inner side of the first door (2) through a movable hinge seat.

6. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary protection mechanism includes a sealing strip assembly, which includes a door frame sealing strip (18) and a door leaf sealing strip (21). The door frame sealing strip (18) is fixed to the inside of the square steel door frame (7). In the closed state, the overall coverage area of ​​the door leaf is larger than the opening size of the square steel door frame (7), and the door leaf presses against the door frame sealing strip (18) to achieve a seal. The door leaf sealing strip (21) is an EPDM foam sealing strip. It is continuously installed along the width direction of the door leaf on the mating end face of the first door (2) and the second door (3), and on the mating end face of the second door (3) and the third door (4). The strip is embedded in the reserved groove on the end face of the door leaf and fixed. When the door leaf is completely closed, the mating end face of the adjacent door leaf is squeezed against each other, causing the foam strip to be compressed and deformed, completely filling the gap between the joints and blocking the passage of water and dust.

7. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes padlocks or concealed locks installed between the door leaf and the square steel door frame (7).

8. The foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 1, characterized in that, The manual operation device includes a manual switch (16) and an external emergency switch (17); when the power is not cut off, the manual switch (16) is operated to start the electric cylinder (1) to drive the door assembly to open; when the power is cut off, the external emergency switch (17) is operated to disconnect the electric cylinder (1) from the first door (2) so that the first door (2) can be manually lifted to open the door assembly.

9. A control method for a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door, implemented based on any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, This includes an automatic start-up method and an automatic stop-down method. The automatic start-up method includes the following steps: Step S1: The fire control cabinet (12) issues an opening command to control the push rod of the electric cylinder (1) to extend; Step S2: The push rod of the electric cylinder (1) pushes the first door (2) to rotate upward around the pivot of the hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame. The hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame is hinged to the side beam of the square steel door frame (7). The square steel door frame (7) is fixed to the top surface of the concrete retaining wall (13) on the ground by the anchor hook (19). Step S3: Since the hinge (5-2) connecting the first door (2) and the second door (3) is installed on the lower side of the joint between the two doors, when the first door (2) is lifted up, the end of the second door (3) close to the first door (2) is lifted up synchronously, while the end of the second door (3) away from the first door (2) is horizontally displaced, so that the second door (3) is tilted. Step S4: Since the hinge (5-3) connecting the second door (3) and the third door (4) is installed on the upper side of the joint between the two doors, the third door (4) slides horizontally with the movement of the second door (3) under the action of the guide mechanism; in the guide mechanism, the L-shaped rod (14) fixedly installed on the inner surface of the third door (4) drives the guide wheel (15), and the guide wheel (15) is locked in the C-shaped track (6) fixed on the inner side wall of the square steel door frame (7) and rolls along the track, constraining the third door (4) to only move horizontally and always maintain a horizontal state; Step S5: After opening, the first door (2) is in the first tilt position, the second door (3) is in the second tilt position opposite to the first tilt position, and the third door (4) is horizontally located on the side of the second door (3) away from the first door (2), fully exposing the personnel access hole (20) to realize the opening of the emergency exit; The automatic shutdown method includes the following steps: Step T1: The fire control cabinet (12) issues a shutdown command, controlling the push rod of the electric cylinder (1) to retract; Step T2: The push rod of the electric cylinder (1) pulls the first door (2) to rotate downward around the pivot of the hinge (5-1) connecting the first door to the door frame; Step T3: The first door (2) drives the second door (3) and the third door (4) to move in opposite directions. The third door (4) slides horizontally in the opposite direction with the cooperation of the guide wheel (15) and the C-shaped track (6). Step T4: The first door (2), the second door (3) and the third door (4) are restored to a horizontal laying state and are flatly covered above the square steel door frame (7). The door leaves press the door frame sealing strip (18) to achieve a sealed closure. At the same time, the door leaf sealing strips (21) on the mating end face of the adjacent door leaves are squeezed and deformed to completely fill the joint gap.

10. The control method for a foldable, horizontally opening subway emergency exit door according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a manual activation method, which includes the following two modes: Power outage mode: The staff operates the external emergency switch (17) to disconnect the electric cylinder (1) from the first door (2), and then manually lifts the first door (2) upwards, which drives the second door (3) and the third door (4) to open in the same folding posture as the automatic opening method; Power-on mode: The operator presses the manual switch (16) on the door leaf to start the electric cylinder (1). The electric cylinder (1) drives the door leaf assembly to open according to the steps of the automatic opening method.

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