Heat management system for exhaust heat recovery power generation of range extender

Abstract

This invention relates to a range extender exhaust heat recovery and power generation thermal management system, specifically concerning the recovery and utilization of waste heat in range-extended electric vehicles. The system includes the range extender's exhaust pipe and generator, as well as a steam power generation device. This device comprises a steam generation system and a steam drive system. The steam power generation device drives and connects to the generator. The steam generation system includes a water pump, water mist nozzles, and a steam generation chamber connected in sequence. The steam generation chamber includes a laterally arranged tubular metal pressure vessel. Above the front end of the tubular metal pressure vessel, a water mist nozzle is positioned with its spray direction angled downwards and towards the center. At least two spiral steam delivery pipes are spaced apart above the rear end of the tubular metal pressure vessel. These steam delivery pipes connect to the air inlet of the steam drive system. This system achieves efficient recovery and utilization of waste heat from the range extender's exhaust gas within a limited onboard space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste heat recovery technology, and more particularly to the recovery and utilization of waste heat from range-extended electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Range-extended electric vehicles rely on electric motors for propulsion. The range extender they are equipped with uses an internal combustion engine to drive a generator to generate electricity and extend the driving range. During the operation of the range extender, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the engine carries a large amount of waste heat. If it is directly discharged through the exhaust pipe, it will result in energy waste.

[0003] To improve the overall energy utilization rate, existing technologies include using heat exchangers to transfer exhaust heat to engine coolant to accelerate engine warm-up. However, due to the special nature of the vehicle application environment, the industry is currently unable to effectively utilize exhaust waste heat for power generation. Such waste heat recovery power generation solutions face insurmountable technical obstacles in practical applications.

[0004] Existing steam power generation schemes generally adopt water volumetric heating, which heats the working fluid in the heat exchanger to boiling point to generate steam. In this process, a long preheating waiting time is required from cold start to the generation of sufficient steam, resulting in a severe lag in thermal response. Steam generation cannot keep up with the start-up and shutdown rhythm of the range extender. This time mismatch between supply and demand causes steam generation to lag significantly behind the power generation demand, making it practically impossible to implement existing exhaust gas waste heat recovery schemes on range extenders, thus failing to convert exhaust gas heat energy into usable electrical energy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] The technical problem solved by this invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions: The range extender exhaust heat recovery power generation thermal management system includes the range extender's exhaust pipe and generator, and also includes a steam power generation device, which includes a steam generation system and a steam drive system; The steam power generation equipment drives the generator connected to it; The steam generation system includes a water pump, a water mist nozzle, and a steam generation chamber connected in sequence. The steam generation chamber includes a horizontally arranged tubular metal pressure vessel; Above the front end of the tubular metal pressure vessel, there is a water mist nozzle that sprays downwards and towards the center. At least two spiral steam delivery pipes are provided at intervals above the rear end of the tubular metal pressure vessel; The steam delivery pipe is connected to the air inlet of the steam drive system; A heat-conducting grid plate is provided at the bottom of the tubular metal pressure vessel, and the bottom surface of the heat-conducting grid plate is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel. A flow guide is provided below the steam conveying pipe. The flow guide includes a beveled circular pipe, and flanges are fixedly connected to both ends of the beveled circular pipe. The obliquely cut round tube is inclined at the front and lower at the back, and the front end has an oblique cut surface that is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom; The outer edge of the flange is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel, and the inner edge of the flange is abutted and fixed to the inner wall of the obliquely cut circular pipe. A tubular metal pressure vessel consisting of a beveled circular tube, a tubular metal pressure vessel, and two flanges is formed by a sandwich layer with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2mm, and both ends have sealed steam flow channels that are connected to a steam delivery pipe. The tubular metal pressure vessel and the steam delivery pipe are fixed inside the flue pipe; A smoke channel interlayer is formed between the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0007] In the above design, the tubular metal pressure vessel is located inside the exhaust pipe, making full use of the existing space of the exhaust pipe, thus adapting to the narrow and complex spatial layout of the vehicle chassis. The water mist nozzle sprays liquid water in an atomized form to the middle of the pressure vessel in a downward angle, which can quickly generate a large amount of steam, significantly shorten the preheating waiting time, and realize the efficient recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the range extender exhaust gas in a limited vehicle space.

[0008] The exhaust pipe is installed outside the tubular metal pressure vessel and the steam delivery pipe. When the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine flows through the smoke channel interlayer, it heats the steam inside the tubular metal pressure vessel and the steam delivery pipe, making full use of the heat energy of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe and realizing the recovery and efficient utilization of the waste heat of the exhaust gas.

[0009] The water mist nozzle has its outlet angled downwards, facing the middle of the tubular metal pressure vessel. This increases the heat exchange contact area between the sprayed water mist and the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel and the internal hot air, promoting rapid vaporization. At the same time, each grid of the heat-conducting grid plate contains pure water, which works synergistically with the water mist sprayed from the water mist nozzle to quickly form a large amount of steam. This not only greatly shortens the preheating time but also ensures the continuity of steam supply.

[0010] Inside the tubular metal pressure vessel, a beveled circular tube is fixed by flanges. The beveled circular tube, the tubular metal pressure vessel, and the two flanges form a sandwich with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2mm. There are blocked steam flow channels at both ends, which forces the steam to not rise directly into the steam delivery pipe, but to detour to the bottom of the beveled circular tube and enter the steam delivery pipe through the narrow steam flow channel. This forced detour path not only prolongs the residence time of the steam in the tubular metal pressure vessel, but also allows the steam to fully contact and collide with the high-temperature outer wall of the beveled circular tube and the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel, so that the tiny liquid water entrained in the steam is evaporated and vaporized, thereby eliminating the risk of wet steam entering the steam drive system.

[0011] The obliquely cut circular tube is arranged with a higher front and lower back. In the initial stage of system startup, the atomized droplets sprayed into the tubular metal pressure vessel and the trace amounts of incompletely vaporized water carried in the steam flow are easy to adhere to the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube when they come into contact with it because the wall temperature has not yet reached a sufficiently superheated state. As the adhered droplets gradually accumulate and converge, under the action of gravity, the accumulated water droplets slide naturally backward and downward along the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube, flowing back to the high-temperature area at the bottom of the tubular metal pressure vessel for secondary evaporation. This prevents the water from accumulating on the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube or being blown off to the steam outlet by the airflow, thereby further ensuring the dryness of the output steam.

[0012] The obliquely cut circular tube is located below the steam conveying pipe, and its front end has an oblique cut surface that is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom. The oblique cut surface works in conjunction with the water mist nozzle to effectively avoid and intercept the water mist, preventing the water mist sprayed into the area below the steam conveying pipe from being carried into the steam conveying pipe by the rising steam flow before it has fully vaporized, thus ensuring the full vaporization and drying of the steam.

[0013] The steam is eventually discharged to the steam drive system via a steam delivery pipe. The spiral structure of the steam delivery pipe extends the residence time of the steam in the smoke channel interlayer, allowing the tiny droplets entrained in the steam to be completely vaporized. This ensures that the steam that finally enters the steam drive system is superheated dry steam, reducing the risk of droplets in the steam entering the steam drive system and damaging it.

[0014] Preferably, each compartment of the heat-conducting grid plate forms a water storage tank; the grid sidewall of the heat-conducting grid plate has through holes at a height of 3mm to 7mm from the lowest point of the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel; the top of the grid sidewall is at least 2mm higher than the through holes; the water storage tanks are connected at a height of 3mm to 7mm; at least one of the water storage tanks is connected to a liquid level sensor; the system also includes a control system; the signal input terminal of the control system is connected to the liquid level sensor, and the signal output terminal is connected to a water pump; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the storage tank is higher than 4mm to 8mm, the control system reduces the power of the water pump or shuts down the water pump.

[0015] Preferably, the steam delivery pipe is located within the smoke channel interlayer, and both the interior of the tubular metal pressure vessel and the interior of the steam delivery pipe are isolated from the smoke channel interlayer.

[0016] Preferably, the steam generating system further includes a liquid storage chamber; the liquid storage chamber is provided with a liquid inlet pipe with a sealing cap; and a filter element is installed inside the liquid inlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, the thermally conductive grid is made of graphite.

[0018] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0019] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is fitted with an insulating sleeve; the insulating sleeve is made of aerogel felt.

[0020] Preferably, heat exchange fins are fixedly spaced on the outer wall surface of the tubular metal pressure vessel, and the heat exchange fins are located in the outer wall area corresponding to the water mist nozzle and the steam conveying pipe.

[0021] In summary, the tubular metal pressure vessel is located inside the exhaust pipe, making full use of the existing space of the exhaust pipe, thus adapting to the narrow and complex spatial layout of the vehicle chassis. The water mist nozzle sprays liquid water in an atomized form to the center of the pressure vessel in a downward angle, which can quickly generate a large amount of steam, significantly shorten the preheating waiting time, and achieve efficient recovery and utilization of the waste heat of the range extender exhaust gas within the limited vehicle space. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the tubular metal pressure vessel of the range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure, 1 is the exhaust pipe; 2 is the tubular metal pressure vessel; 3 is the heat exchange fins; 4 is the water mist nozzle; 5 is the steam delivery pipe; 6 is the heat-conducting grid plate; 7 is the water storage tank; 8 is the obliquely cut circular pipe; 9 is the flange; 10 is the oblique cut surface; and 11 is the smoke passage interlayer. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the invention easier to understand, the invention will be further explained below with reference to specific illustrations.

[0025] refer to Figures 1 to 3The present invention provides a range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system, including the range extender exhaust pipe 1 and generator, and also includes a steam power generation device, which includes a steam generation system and a steam drive system; Steam power generation equipment drives a connected generator; The steam generation system includes a water pump, a water mist nozzle 4, and a steam generation chamber connected in sequence; The steam generation chamber includes a horizontally arranged tubular metal pressure vessel 2; Above the front end of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, there is a water mist nozzle 4 with the spray direction obliquely downward and towards the middle; At least two spiral steam delivery pipes 5 are provided at intervals above the rear end of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2; Steam delivery pipe 5 is connected to the air inlet of the steam drive system; A heat-conducting grid plate 6 is provided at the bottom of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the bottom surface of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2. A flow guide is provided below the steam conveying pipe 5. The flow guide includes a beveled circular pipe 8, and flanges 9 are fixedly connected to both ends of the beveled circular pipe 8. The obliquely cut circular tube 8 is inclined with the front higher than the back, and the front end has an oblique cut surface 10 that is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom; The outer edge of flange 9 is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the inner edge of flange 9 is abutted and fixed to the inner wall of obliquely cut circular pipe 8. The obliquely cut circular pipe 8, the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the two flanges 9 form a sandwich with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2mm, and there are sealed steam flow channels at both ends, which are connected to the steam conveying pipe 5; The tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the steam conveying pipe 5 are fixed inside the flue pipe 1; A smoke channel interlayer 11 is formed between the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 1.

[0026] In the above design, the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 is located inside the exhaust pipe 1, making full use of the existing space of the exhaust pipe 1, thereby adapting to the narrow and complex spatial layout of the vehicle chassis. The water mist nozzle 4 sprays liquid water in an atomized form to the middle of the pressure vessel in a downward angle, which can quickly generate a large amount of steam, significantly shorten the preheating waiting time, and realize the efficient recovery and utilization of the exhaust heat of the range extender in a limited vehicle space.

[0027] The exhaust pipe 1 is installed outside the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the steam delivery pipe 5. When the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine flows through the smoke channel interlayer 11, it heats the steam in the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the steam delivery pipe 5, making full use of the heat energy of the high-temperature exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 1, and realizing the recovery and efficient utilization of the exhaust gas waste heat.

[0028] The nozzle of the water mist nozzle 4 is angled downwards, facing the middle of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, which increases the heat exchange contact area between the sprayed water mist and the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the internal hot air, promoting rapid vaporization. At the same time, each grid of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 contains pure water, which works synergistically with the water mist sprayed from the water mist nozzle 4 to quickly form a large amount of steam, which not only greatly shortens the preheating time, but also ensures the continuity of steam supply.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, inside the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, the obliquely cut circular tube 8 is fixed by flanges 9. The obliquely cut circular tube 8, the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the two flanges 9 form a sandwich with a thickness of 0.5mm to 2mm. There are blocked steam flow channels at both ends, which forces the steam to be unable to directly rise into the steam delivery pipe 5. Instead, the steam must detour to the bottom of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 and enter the steam delivery pipe 5 through the narrow steam flow channel. This forced detour path not only prolongs the residence time of the steam in the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, but also allows the steam to fully contact and collide with the high-temperature outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 and the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, so that the tiny liquid water entrained in the steam is evaporated and vaporized, thereby eliminating the hidden danger of wet steam entering the steam drive system.

[0030] The obliquely cut circular tube 8 is arranged with a higher front and lower back. In the initial stage of system startup, the atomized droplets sprayed into the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the trace amounts of incompletely vaporized water carried in the steam flow are easy to adhere to the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 when they come into contact with it because the wall temperature has not yet reached a sufficiently superheated state. As the adhered droplets gradually accumulate and converge, under the action of gravity, the accumulated water droplets slide naturally backward and downward along the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 and flow back to the high-temperature area at the bottom of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 for secondary evaporation. This prevents the water from accumulating on the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 or being blown off to the steam outlet by the airflow, thereby further ensuring the dryness of the output steam.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the obliquely cut circular tube 8 is located below the steam conveying pipe 5, and the front end has an oblique cut surface 10 that is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom. The oblique cut surface 10 cooperates with the water mist nozzle 4 to effectively avoid and intercept the water mist, preventing the water mist sprayed into the area below the steam conveying pipe 5 from being carried into the steam conveying pipe 5 by the rising steam flow before it is fully vaporized, thereby ensuring the full vaporization and drying of the steam.

[0032] The steam is finally discharged to the steam drive system through the steam delivery pipe 5. The spiral structure of the steam delivery pipe 5 extends the residence time of the steam in the smoke channel interlayer 11, so that the tiny droplets entrained in the steam are completely vaporized, ensuring that the steam that finally enters the steam drive system is superheated dry steam, reducing the risk of droplets in the steam entering the steam drive system and damaging the steam drive system.

[0033] Each compartment of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 forms a water storage tank 7; the grid sidewall of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 has through holes at a height of 3mm to 7mm from the lowest point of the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2; the top of the grid sidewall is at least 2mm above the through holes; each water storage tank 7 is connected at a height of 3mm to 7mm; at least one of the water storage tanks 7 is connected to a liquid level sensor; a control system is also included; the signal input terminal of the control system is connected to the liquid level sensor, and the signal output terminal is connected to a water pump; when the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank 7 is higher than 4mm to 8mm, the control system reduces the power of the water pump or shuts down the water pump.

[0034] By opening through holes on the grid sidewall of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 at a height of 3mm to 7mm from the bottom wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and with the top of the grid sidewall at least 2mm higher than the through holes, the water storage tanks 7 are interconnected within the height range of the through holes, thus achieving liquid level balance in each water storage tank 7. Only one liquid level sensor needs to be installed in any one of the water storage tanks 7 to obtain the water level information of all the water storage tanks 7 for centralized monitoring.

[0035] The through hole is located at a low position of 3mm to 7mm, and the top of the grid sidewall is at least 2mm higher than the through hole. This height difference provides sufficient safety margin for overflow prevention at the top of the water storage tank 7. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank 7 rises to the preset threshold of 4mm to 8mm, the control system actively reduces the operating power of the water pump or stops the water pump supply, thereby strictly limiting the liquid level within a safe range and preventing pure water from overflowing the top of the grid due to excessive water supply. Under the condition of vehicle driving bumpy and tilted, the water stored below the safe liquid level can effectively prevent liquid water from splashing into the steam conveying pipe 5.

[0036] The steam delivery pipe 5 is located within the smoke channel interlayer 11, and both the interior of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the interior of the steam delivery pipe 5 are isolated from the smoke channel interlayer 11. The steam delivery pipe 5 is directly placed within the smoke channel interlayer 11, allowing the high-temperature flue gas to surround and heat the steam delivery pipe 5. Without increasing the overall system volume, this fully utilizes the residual heat energy of the flue gas to reheat the steam inside the pipe, further evaporating and vaporizing any trace amounts of residual moisture that may be entrained in the steam. Simultaneously, the steam's own temperature is further increased, ensuring that the steam ultimately entering the steam-driven system is superheated dry steam.

[0037] The interior of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the interior of the steam delivery pipe 5 are isolated from the smoke channel interlayer 11, so that the entire process of steam generation and delivery is in a completely closed clean chamber, eliminating the possibility of pollutants such as carbon soot particles, acidic gases and unburned fuel in the high-temperature exhaust gas seeping into the steam working fluid.

[0038] The steam generation system also includes a liquid storage chamber; the liquid storage chamber is equipped with an inlet pipe with a sealed cover; a filter element is installed inside the inlet pipe. By installing a filter element inside the inlet pipe of the liquid storage chamber, impurities can be effectively filtered at the source stage when pure water is replenished into the liquid storage chamber, intercepting any solid particles and impurities that may be mixed in. This prevents impurities from entering the downstream water pump, water mist nozzle 4, and steam drive system with the water supply system, avoiding performance degradation or equipment damage caused by impurities clogging the nozzles or scratching the precision moving parts of the steam drive system, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability and stability of the system.

[0039] The thermally conductive grid plate 6 is made of graphite. The high thermal conductivity of graphite accelerates the vaporization of water in the water storage tank 7. At the same time, the high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and scale adhesion of graphite improve the durability and reliability of the grid in high-temperature steam environment.

[0040] The exhaust pipe 1 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel. The use of high-temperature resistant stainless steel ensures the structural integrity and durability of the exhaust pipe 1 under high-temperature exhaust gas conditions, thanks to the stainless steel's high-temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance. Simultaneously, its excellent thermal conductivity ensures efficient transfer of waste heat from the exhaust gas to the steam generation chamber.

[0041] The exhaust pipe 1 is fitted with an insulation sleeve made of aerogel felt. The extremely low thermal conductivity of the aerogel felt effectively suppresses heat loss from the flue gas, improves the efficiency of waste heat recovery from the exhaust gas, and at the same time reduces the temperature of the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 1, avoiding heat radiation effects on surrounding components and improving the thermal safety and insulation durability of the system.

[0042] Heat exchange fins 3 are fixedly installed at intervals on the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the heat exchange fins 3 are located in the outer wall area corresponding to the water mist nozzle 4 and the steam conveying pipe 5. The heat exchange fins 3 increase the contact heat exchange area between the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas channel interlayer 11, so that the heat of the flue gas can be transferred to the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 more efficiently. The location of the heat exchange fins 3 in the outer wall area corresponding to the water mist nozzle 4 and the steam conveying pipe 5 enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the core evaporation area of ​​the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, accelerates the vaporization process of water mist, further shortens the preheating waiting time after system start-up, and increases the steam output per unit time.

[0043] During use, in the preparation stage, pure water enters the storage chamber after being filtered by the filter element installed in the inlet pipe. The water pump runs, pressurizing the pure water stored in the storage chamber and delivering it to the water mist nozzle 4. The water mist nozzle 4 converts the liquid pure water into an atomized form and sprays it into the middle of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 at a downward angle. The atomized water droplets gather in the heat-conducting grid plate 6, so that each water storage tank 7 of the heat-conducting grid plate 6 contains a small amount of pure water. When the liquid level sensor detects that the water level in the water storage tank 7 rises to the preset threshold of 4mm to 8mm, the control system actively reduces the operating power of the water pump or stops the water pump from supplying water. After the range extender's engine starts running, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated is discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 1. As the high-temperature exhaust gas flows through the exhaust pipe 1, it enters the smoke channel interlayer 11 formed between the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 1 and the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, continuously heating the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the steam delivery pipe 5 located in the interlayer. The heat exchange fins 3 fixed on the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the area between the water mist nozzle 4 and the steam delivery pipe 5 increase the contact heat exchange area between the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the high-temperature flue gas, enhancing the heat transfer efficiency of the core evaporation area. The aerogel felt insulation sleeve covering the outside of the exhaust pipe 1 effectively suppresses the heat loss of the flue gas, allowing the heat energy of the high-temperature exhaust gas to be concentrated and transferred to the tubular metal pressure vessel 2. Under the continuous heating of high-temperature flue gas, the liquid water in the water storage tank 7 is heated and vaporized to generate basic steam. At the same time, the water pump runs and continuously sprays liquid pure water into the middle of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 in an atomized form. The atomized water mist particles come into full contact with the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and the hot air in the cavity that have been heated to a high temperature, and quickly vaporize to replenish a large amount of steam. Meanwhile, when the vehicle is bumpy or tilted, the small amount of pure water in the water storage tank 7 is confined to its respective compartments, and the liquid level is kept within a safe range by the dual restrictions of the through hole and the control system, so that large-area shaking or direct splashing into the steam delivery pipe 5 will not occur, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the steam production process. During the ascent of the steam generated by the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, it is blocked by the obliquely cut circular pipe 8 located below the steam delivery pipe 5. Since the two ends of the obliquely cut circular pipe 8 are sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 through flanges 9, the steam cannot directly ascend into the steam delivery pipe 5. All the steam must detour to the bottom of the obliquely cut circular pipe 8 and enter the steam flow channel formed by the obliquely cut circular pipe 8, the tubular metal pressure vessel 2, and the flanges 9 at both ends. The thickness of the interlayer of the steam flow channel is 0.5mm~2mm. When the steam flows through this narrow channel, the trace amount of liquid water that may be entrained in it is dried and vaporized under the dual high temperature heating effect of the outer wall of the obliquely cut circular pipe 8 and the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2. In the initial stage of system startup, the temperature of the outer wall surface of the obliquely cut circular tube 8 is relatively lagging. The sprayed atomized droplets and the trace amounts of incompletely vaporized water carried in the steam flow are easy to adhere to the surface and accumulate into water droplets. The obliquely cut circular tube 8 is arranged with a higher front and lower back, so that the accumulated water droplets, under the action of gravity, flow back naturally to the high-temperature area at the bottom of the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 for secondary evaporation along the outer wall surface of the obliquely cut circular tube 8. This avoids the water droplets being blown to the steam conveying pipe 5 by the rising steam flow. In addition, the oblique cut surface 10 at the front end of the obliquely cut circular tube 8, which is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom, matches the nozzle orientation of the water mist nozzle 4, preventing large unvaporized droplets from directly entering the inlet area of ​​the steam conveying pipe 5 with the steam flow. Steam in the steam flow channel enters the spiral structure of the steam delivery pipe 5, which prolongs the residence time of the steam in the smoke channel interlayer 11, so that the tiny droplets entrained in the steam are completely vaporized, ensuring that the steam that finally enters the steam drive system is superheated dry steam. Finally, the superheated dry steam enters the air inlet of the steam drive system through the steam delivery pipe 5, driving the steam drive system to operate. The steam drive system converts the thermal energy of the steam into mechanical energy, driving the generator connected to it to operate and generate electricity. This generator shares a structure with the original generator of the range extender, simplifying the system architecture. The exhaust gas, after flowing through the smoke channel interlayer 11 and being heated by the tubular metal pressure vessel 2 and steam conveying pipe 5, has a significantly reduced temperature and is finally discharged into the atmosphere from the end outlet of the exhaust pipe 1.

[0044] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A range extender exhaust gas heat recovery power generation thermal management system, comprising the range extender exhaust pipe (1) and a generator, characterized in that: It also includes steam power generation equipment, which includes a steam generation system and a steam drive system; The steam power generation equipment drives the generator connected to it; The steam generation system includes a water pump, a water mist nozzle (4), and a steam generation chamber connected in sequence; The steam generation chamber includes a horizontally arranged tubular metal pressure vessel (2); Above the front end of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2), there is a water mist nozzle (4) with the spray direction obliquely downward and facing the middle. At least two spiral steam delivery pipes (5) are provided at intervals above the rear end of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2). The steam delivery pipe (5) is connected to the air inlet of the steam drive system; A heat-conducting grid plate (6) is provided at the bottom inside the tubular metal pressure vessel (2), and the bottom surface of the heat-conducting grid plate (6) is attached and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2); A flow guide is provided below the steam conveying pipe (5). The flow guide includes a beveled circular pipe (8), and flanges (9) are fixedly connected to both ends of the beveled circular pipe (8). The obliquely cut round tube (8) is inclined with the front higher than the back, and the front end has an oblique cut surface (10) that is longer at the top and shorter at the bottom. The outer edge of the flange (9) is sealed and fixed to the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2), and the inner edge of the flange (9) is abutted and fixed to the inner wall of the obliquely cut round pipe (8); A beveled circular tube (8), a tubular metal pressure vessel (2), and two flanges (9) form a sandwich layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, and both ends have a sealed steam flow channel, which is connected to a steam conveying pipe (5). The tubular metal pressure vessel (2) and the steam conveying pipe (5) are fixed inside the flue pipe (1); A smoke channel interlayer (11) is formed between the outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2) and the inner wall of the exhaust pipe (1).

2. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each compartment of the heat-conducting grid plate (6) forms a water storage tank (7); The heat-conducting grid plate (6) has through holes at a height of 3mm to 7mm from the lowest point of the inner wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2). The top of the grid sidewall is at least 2 mm higher than the through hole; Each water storage tank (7) is connected at a height of 3mm to 7mm; At least one of the water storage tanks (7) is connected to a liquid level sensor; It also includes a control system; The signal input terminal of the control system is connected to the liquid level sensor, and the signal output terminal is connected to the water pump. When the level sensor detects that the water level in the water tank (7) is higher than 4mm~8mm, the control system reduces the power of the water pump or shuts down the water pump.

3. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam delivery pipe (5) is located inside the smoke channel interlayer (11), and the interior of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2) and the interior of the steam delivery pipe (5) are both isolated from the smoke channel interlayer (11).

4. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generation system also includes a liquid storage chamber; The liquid storage chamber is equipped with an inlet pipe with a sealed cap; A filter element is installed inside the liquid inlet pipe.

5. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermal grid plate (6) is made of graphite.

6. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (1) is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

7. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (1) is fitted with an insulating sleeve; The thermal insulation sleeve is made of aerogel felt.

8. The range extender exhaust gas heat recovery and power generation management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the tubular metal pressure vessel (2) is fixed with heat exchange fins (3) at intervals, and the heat exchange fins (3) are located in the outer wall area corresponding to the water mist nozzle (4) and the steam conveying pipe (5).

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