A multi-layer composite polyurethane roll and a casting equipment thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to polyurethane glue roller forming technical field, specifically is a kind of multilayer composite polyurethane glue roller and casting forming equipment, multilayer composite polyurethane glue roller in the present application includes roll core, the outer periphery of roll core is covered with covering adhesive layer, covering adhesive layer is sequentially from inside to outside inner layer adhesive layer, middle layer elastic buffer layer, outer layer wear-resistant working layer.Casting forming equipment includes pouring cylinder, centering scraping mechanism, rotary drive mechanism and classification recovery mechanism;The bottom of pouring cylinder is provided with sealing groove, and the bottom of sealing groove is provided with chip pocket.The present application is physically blocked by the radial adjustable arc-shaped scraper structure in each layer pouring process The axial settlement path of glue material is scraped The excess glue material accumulated at the bottom is removed, the mixing of layers due to end face scouring is avoided, the disordered mixing area at the bottom is eliminated, the axial thickness of each glue layer is uniform, the radial stratification is clear, and the layered function structure of each glue layer is complete and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polyurethane roller molding technology, specifically a multi-layer composite polyurethane roller and its casting molding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Polyurethane rollers, with their excellent wear resistance, oil resistance, elastic cushioning, and customizable formulation, are core components in various high-end industrial production lines, undertaking functions such as transmission, buffering, pressure bearing, and wear resistance. These rubber rollers are made primarily from polyurethane synthetic resin and belong to the category of plastic molding and processing. The casting residues and scraps generated during production are considered plastic processing waste and are functional components within the scope of advanced petrochemical new materials. Multi-layer composite polyurethane rubber rollers are essentially layered products composed of synthetic resin. For example, Chinese utility model patent CN216268044U discloses a multi-layer composite casting-molded polyurethane rubber roller, including a roller body. The roller body is composed of an outer layer, a reinforcing layer, and a protective inner layer. The outer layer wraps around the inner surface of the reinforcing layer, and the reinforcing layer wraps around the inner surface of the protective inner layer. The outer layer contains a polyurethane rubber sleeve, a natural rubber pad, and a butyl rubber sheath. The reinforcing layer contains a carbon fiber sheath, an alloy sheath, and a reinforcing surface layer. The carbon fiber sheath covers the outer surface of the alloy sheath, and the reinforcing surface layer covers the inner surface of the alloy sheath. The protective inner layer contains a sealing sheath, a heat insulation pad, and an anti-oxidation sheath. This utility model employs a multi-layered protective design for the polyurethane roller, giving it good structural strength, as well as good mechanical strength, wear resistance, aging resistance, and oil resistance.

[0003] With the upgrading and development of industrial equipment, the comprehensive performance requirements of production lines for rubber rollers continue to increase. Multi-layer composite polyurethane rubber rollers, with their advantages of layered functional synergy, have become the main development direction of the industry. The requirements for molding accuracy, production automation level and environmental protection are also increasing, which is in line with the development direction of intelligent manufacturing equipment industry for precision molding and closed-loop production.

[0004] Early single-layer homogeneous polyurethane rollers had limited formulations, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve optimal bonding strength with the metal roller core, cushioning elasticity in the middle layer, and wear resistance on the working surface. To address this, the industry gradually developed radial multi-layer composite structures, commonly employing a three-layer functional design: an inner bonding layer, a middle cushioning layer, and an outer wear-resistant layer. By combining different formulations of the adhesive layers, the overall service life and adaptability of the rollers to various working conditions are significantly improved. In terms of molding processes, traditional vertical static casting is affected by gravity settling, resulting in large circumferential thickness deviations in the adhesive layer and making it difficult to form a regular radial layered structure. This leads to low yield rates for rollers with large aspect ratios. Therefore, the industry introduced vertical centrifugal casting technology. Using the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the mold around its vertical axis, the adhesive material is evenly adhered to the inner wall of the mold, effectively improving the problem of uneven circumferential thickness. This is currently the mainstream process for the industrial production of multi-layer polyurethane rollers.

[0005] However, existing vertical centrifugal multi-layer casting processes still have unresolved practical problems: during centrifugation, the rubber compound is simultaneously subjected to horizontal centrifugal force and vertical gravity, causing it to continuously creep and accumulate along the mold wall towards the bottom axially, forming an axial thickness difference with a thicker bottom and a thinner top. During layer-by-layer casting, the liquid rubber compound washes over the bottom surface of the previous layer of gel, causing local interlayer mixing and forming interlayer mixing areas. This disrupts the layered functional design of the rubber layers, requiring the removal of unqualified sections at the bottom to obtain qualified products. The waste generated during removal is a mixture of various polyurethane raw materials with different formulations, which cannot be sorted, recycled, or reused. This does not meet the green manufacturing requirements for plastic waste recycling and solid waste recycling, and it is also difficult to adapt to the upgrading needs of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry for automated and closed-loop production. At the same time, it also results in the waste of chemical raw materials. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multilayer composite polyurethane roller and its casting molding equipment to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-layer composite polyurethane roller, preferably comprising a roller core, the outer periphery of which is covered with a coating layer, the coating layer being, from the inside out, an inner adhesive layer, a middle elastic buffer layer, and an outer wear-resistant working layer.

[0008] A casting molding device, preferably, includes a casting cylinder, a centering scraping mechanism, a rotary drive mechanism, and a sorting and recycling mechanism; The bottom of the casting cylinder is provided with a sealing groove, and the bottom of the sealing groove is provided with a chip discharge port; The centering scraping mechanism is coaxially inserted inside the casting cylinder, including a centering rod. A hollow cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the centering rod. Multiple arc-shaped guide plates are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the hollow cylinder. A guide groove is opened on the side of the arc-shaped guide plate. A guide slider is slidably arranged inside the guide groove. An arc-shaped scraper is arranged on the concave side of the arc-shaped guide plate. The arc-shaped scraper is fixedly connected to the guide slider. The rotary drive mechanism is located below the casting cylinder and is used to drive the casting cylinder to rotate around the vertical axis; The sorting and recycling mechanism includes an arched support base, a material feeding channel in the middle section of the arched support base, a sorting plate hinged inside the material feeding channel, a sorting motor fixedly connected to one end of the arched support base, and the output end of the sorting motor fixedly connected to the shaft end of the sorting plate, for sorting and guiding the waste material with different adhesive layers scraped off to be discharged.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary drive mechanism includes a hollow cylinder, which is disposed above the feeding channel. The bottom of the hollow cylinder is rotatably connected to the top of the arched support, and the hollow cylinder connects the chip discharge port and the feeding channel. The hollow cylinder is fixedly fitted with a driven gear, and a gearbox is fixedly connected to the top of the arched support. A casting motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox. The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cylinder, a sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the sealing shaft, and a transfer cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing ring; The transfer cylinder is concentrically equipped with a discharge auger inside, and the bottom of the hollow cylinder has a transfer port that communicates with the transfer cylinder. The top of the discharge auger extends through the transfer port into the interior of the hollow cylinder. The hollow cylinder has multiple material collection ports evenly distributed around its circumference, and the transfer cylinder has a material discharge port at its bottom. A rubber sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the sealing groove, and a sealing claw is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring.

[0011] Preferably, a sleeve rod is sleeved on the outer periphery of the centering rod, and a drive ring is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the sleeve rod. Multiple adjusting slide rails are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring. The top of the arc-shaped scraper is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel, which is rolled and embedded inside the adjusting slide rail.

[0012] Preferably, an external toothed ring is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve rod, and an upper cover plate is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod. A connecting frame that is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod is provided on the top of the upper cover plate. An adjusting motor is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame, and an adjusting gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting motor. The adjusting gear meshes with the external gear ring.

[0013] Preferably, the upper cover plate has multiple regulating chambers evenly distributed circumferentially inside, and the top of the upper cover plate has a through groove that penetrates the regulating chamber. A baffle is slidably arranged inside the regulating chamber, and a material inlet is provided at one end of the baffle. One end of the baffle is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel two, and a drive ring two is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod. Multiple adjustment slide rails two are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring two, and the transmission wheel two is rolled and embedded inside the adjustment slide rail two.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the arched support base is fixedly connected to a support rod, the top of the support rod is fixedly connected to an L-shaped rod, and one end of the L-shaped rod is slidably connected to a lifting guide rod; The bottom of the lifting guide rod is rotatably connected to a crossbar, which is slidably connected to the support rod. An electric actuator is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped rod, and the output end of the electric actuator is fixedly connected to the crossbar. A pair of equipment mounting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting guide rod. The two equipment mounting rods are set at 90°, and the end of one of the equipment mounting rods is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod.

[0015] Preferably, the outer periphery of the lifting guide rod is symmetrically provided with lifting grooves along the axial direction, the bottom of the L-shaped rod is rotatably connected with a bevel gear ring, the bevel gear ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting guide rod, and the inner side of the bevel gear ring is symmetrically provided with lifting sliders adapted to the lifting grooves. One end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to a transfer motor, and the output end of the transfer motor is fixedly connected to a bevel gear, which meshes with a bevel gear ring.

[0016] Preferably, the other end of the device mounting rod is fixedly connected to an upper cover plate two, the bottom of the upper cover plate two is fixedly connected to the roller core by bolts, and the top of the upper cover plate two is provided with a filling port two that is compatible with the inner adhesive layer.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention uses a radially adjustable arc-shaped scraper structure to physically block the axial settling path of the adhesive material during each layer pouring process, scrape off the excess adhesive material accumulated at the bottom, avoid mixing between layers due to end face scouring, eliminate the disordered mixing area at the bottom, make the axial thickness of each adhesive layer uniform and the radial layering clear, ensure the integrity and stability of the layered functional structure of each adhesive layer, and improve the overall performance and service life of the product.

[0018] 2. This invention uses a swingable and switchable classification plate structure, combined with the layered scraping process to synchronously switch the flow direction, to achieve the classification and collection of waste materials with different formulations at the source of waste generation, effectively realizing the recycling of plastic waste and reducing raw material loss and industrial solid waste output.

[0019] 3. This invention adopts a single-drive source linkage structure to simultaneously realize the adjustment of the scraper radius and the matching of the injection port position. With the help of the lifting and rotating switching mechanism, the process connection is automatically completed. Each mechanism can automatically cooperate to complete the processing according to the process sequence, which improves production efficiency and reduces the fluctuation of finished product quality caused by manual operation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multilayer composite polyurethane roller in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the casting and molding equipment in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical top view of the casting equipment in this invention; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal top view of the casting equipment in this invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the casting cylinder in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the centering rod in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the sealing ring in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hollow cylinder in this invention; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the upper cover plate 1 in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the support rod in this invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bevel gear ring in this invention.

[0021] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Roller core; 2. Rubber coating layer; 3. Casting cylinder; 4. Sealing groove; 5. Chip discharge port; 6. Centering rod; 7. Hollow cylinder; 8. Arc-shaped guide plate; 9. Guide groove; 10. Guide slider; 11. Arc-shaped scraper; 12. Arch-shaped support seat; 13. Discharge channel; 14. Sorting plate; 15. Sorting motor; 16. Hollow cylinder; 17. Driven gear one; 18. Gearbox; 19. Casting motor; 20. Drive gear one; 21. Sealing shaft; 22. Sealing ring; 23. Transfer cylinder; 24. Discharge auger; 25. Transfer port; 26. Gathering port; 27. Discharge port; 28. Rubber sealing ring; 29. ​​Sealing claw pin; 30. 31. Sleeve rod; 32. Drive ring 1; 33. Adjusting slide rail 1; 34. Transmission wheel 1; 35. External gear ring; 36. Top cover plate 1; 37. Connecting frame; 38. Adjusting motor; 39. Adjusting gear; 40. Adjusting chamber; 41. Through groove; 42. Baffle; 43. Injection port 1; 44. Transmission wheel 2; 45. Drive ring 2; 46. Adjusting slide rail 2; 47. Support rod; 48. L-shaped rod; 49. Lifting guide rod; 50. Crossbar; 51. Electric actuator; 52. Equipment mounting rod; 53. Lifting slide rail; 54. Bevel gear ring; 55. Lifting slider; 56. Transfer motor; 57. Bevel gear; 58. Top cover plate 2; 59. Injection port 2. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] A multi-layer composite polyurethane roller and its casting molding equipment are disclosed. The multi-layer composite polyurethane roller is a core component in various industrial production lines, responsible for transmission, buffering, pressure bearing, and wear resistance. It is essentially a layered product composed of synthetic resin. Its main raw material is polyurethane synthetic resin, belonging to the category of plastic molding and processing. Casting residues and scraps generated during production are considered plastic processing waste. The casting molding equipment is a multi-process combined molding equipment integrating layered centrifugal molding, in-situ scraping and diameter adjustment, waste source classification, and automatic station switching. It belongs to the category of high-precision polymer molding equipment within the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry. It is mainly used for the industrial precision production of multi-layer polyurethane rollers, adapting to the industry's actual production needs for precise layered structure, uniform molding thickness, waste classification and reuse, and smooth process connections.

[0024] Through its three-layer functional structure—an inner bonding layer, a middle buffer layer, and an outer wear-resistant layer—and in conjunction with the radially extendable arc-shaped scraper, the oscillating guide and sorting plate, the synchronous adjustment of the scraper and injection port by the same set of rods, the lifting and rotating switching mechanism, and the follow-up discharge auger in the molding equipment, it can solve the limitations of traditional single-layer homogeneous rubber rollers in balancing bonding strength and wear resistance, improve the problem of bottom interlayer mixing caused by the axial gravity accumulation of rubber material in vertical centrifugal casting, and avoid the inability to classify and recycle waste rubber materials of different formulations after mixing. It also solves the problems of low efficiency and large positioning deviation of manual transfer and hoisting.

[0025] This multi-layer composite polyurethane roller and its casting molding equipment belong to the high-polymer molding and processing technology at the intersection of advanced petrochemical new materials and intelligent manufacturing equipment industries. It is used for the front-end molding process of printing rollers. The equipment relies on the mechanical linkage of the sleeve rod and the slide rail to complete the synchronous adjustment of the scraper radius and the injection position. With the process connection of the sorting plate's layer-by-layer reversal, lifting and rotating transfer mechanism, it can stably produce multi-layer polyurethane rollers with clear layer boundaries and uniform axial thickness. The polyurethane residue scraped off during production can be collected according to the formula, which is convenient for subsequent plastic waste recycling and reuse.

[0026] A multi-layer composite polyurethane roller, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a roller core 1, and the outer periphery of the roller core 1 is covered with a coating adhesive layer 2. The coating adhesive layer 2 consists of an inner adhesive layer, a middle elastic buffer layer, and an outer wear-resistant working layer from the inside to the outside.

[0027] A casting molding device, such as Figures 2-13 As shown, it includes a casting cylinder 3, a centering scraping mechanism, a rotary drive mechanism, and a sorting and recycling mechanism; A sealing groove 4 is provided at the bottom of the casting cylinder 3, and a chip discharge port 5 is provided at the bottom of the sealing groove 4; The centering scraping mechanism is coaxially inserted inside the casting cylinder 3, including a centering rod 6. A hollow cylinder 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the centering rod 6. Multiple arc-shaped guide plates 8 are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the hollow cylinder 7. A guide groove 9 is opened on the side of the arc-shaped guide plate 8. A guide slider 10 is slidably arranged inside the guide groove 9. An arc-shaped scraper 11 is arranged on the concave side of the arc-shaped guide plate 8. The arc-shaped scraper 11 is fixedly connected to the guide slider 10. A rotary drive mechanism is located below the casting cylinder 3 to drive the casting cylinder 3 to rotate around a vertical axis; The sorting and recycling mechanism includes an arched support base 12, a feeding channel 13 is provided in the middle section of the arched support base 12, a sorting plate 14 is hinged inside the feeding channel 13, a sorting motor 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the arched support base 12, and the output end of the sorting motor 15 is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the sorting plate 14, which is used to sort and guide the waste materials with different adhesive layers scraped off to be discharged. The rotary drive mechanism includes a hollow cylinder 16, which is located above the feeding channel 13. The bottom of the hollow cylinder 16 is rotatably connected to the top of the arched support 12, and the hollow cylinder 16 connects the chip discharge port 5 and the feeding channel 13. A driven gear 17 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the hollow cylinder 16. A gearbox 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the arched support 12. A casting motor 19 is fixedly connected to the input end of the gearbox 18. A driving gear 20 is fixedly connected to the output end of the gearbox 18. The driving gear 20 and the driven gear 17 mesh with each other. Furthermore, a sealing shaft 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hollow cylinder 7, a sealing ring 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the sealing shaft 21, and a transfer cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing ring 22. The transfer cylinder 23 is concentrically equipped with a discharge auger 24. The bottom of the hollow cylinder 7 is provided with a transfer port 25 that communicates with the transfer cylinder 23. The top of the discharge auger 24 extends through the transfer port 25 into the interior of the hollow cylinder 7. The hollow cylinder 7 has multiple material collection ports 26 evenly distributed around its circumference, and the transfer cylinder 23 has a discharge port 27 at its bottom. A rubber sealing ring 28 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the sealing groove 4, and a sealing claw 29 is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring 22. Furthermore, a sleeve rod 30 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the centering rod 6, and a drive ring 31 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the sleeve rod 30. Multiple adjusting slide rails 32 are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring 31. The top of the arc-shaped scraper 11 is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel 33, which is rolled and embedded inside the adjusting slide rail 32. Furthermore, an external toothed ring 34 is fixedly connected to the top of the sleeve rod 30, and an upper cover plate 35 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod 30. A connecting bracket 36, which is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod 6, is provided on the top of the upper cover plate 35. An adjusting motor 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame 36, and an adjusting gear 38 is fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting motor 37. The adjusting gear 38 meshes with the external gear ring 34. Furthermore, the upper cover plate 35 has multiple regulating chambers 39 evenly distributed in a circumferential direction inside. The top of the upper cover plate 35 has a through groove 40 that passes through the regulating chamber 39. A baffle 41 is slidably arranged inside the regulating chamber 39. One end of the baffle 41 has a material inlet 42. One end of the baffle 41 is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel 43, and a drive ring 44 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod 30. Multiple adjusting slide rails 45 are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring 44, and the transmission wheel 43 is rolled and embedded inside the adjusting slide rail 45.

[0028] like Figures 2-13As shown, a support rod 46 is fixedly connected to one end of the arched support base 12, an L-shaped rod 47 is fixedly connected to the top of the support rod 46, and a lifting guide rod 48 is slidably connected to one end of the L-shaped rod 47. The bottom of the lifting guide rod 48 is rotatably connected to a crossbar 49, and the crossbar 49 is slidably connected to the support rod 46; An electric actuator 50 is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped rod 47, and the output end of the electric actuator 50 is fixedly connected to the crossbar 49. A pair of equipment mounting rods 51 are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting guide rod 48. The two equipment mounting rods 51 are set at 90°, and the end of one of the equipment mounting rods 51 is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod 6. Among them, the outer periphery of the lifting guide rod 48 is symmetrically provided with lifting grooves 52 along the axial direction, the bottom of the L-shaped rod 47 is rotatably connected with a bevel ring 53, the bevel ring 53 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting guide rod 48, and the inner side of the bevel ring 53 is symmetrically provided with lifting sliders 54 that are adapted to the lifting grooves 52. One end of the L-shaped rod 47 is fixedly connected to a transfer motor 55, and the output end of the transfer motor 55 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 56, which meshes with the bevel gear ring 53. Furthermore, the end of another equipment mounting rod 51 is fixedly connected to an upper cover plate 2 57. The bottom of the upper cover plate 2 57 is fixedly connected to the roller core 1 by bolts, and the top of the upper cover plate 2 57 is provided with a filling port 2 58 adapted to the inner adhesive layer.

[0029] Multi-layer composite polyurethane rollers, as high-end supporting components in the field of advanced petrochemical new materials, directly affect the industry's supporting capabilities in terms of molding precision and green production level. The specific operation process of this casting molding equipment is as follows: In use, firstly, the controller controls the electric push rod 50 to extend, pushing the crossbar 49 to slide vertically downward along the support rod 46, causing the lifting guide rod 48 to descend smoothly in the vertical direction, so that the centering scraping mechanism is coaxially inserted into the casting cylinder 3; after insertion, the sealing ring 22 at the bottom of the hollow cylinder 7 is embedded in the sealing groove 4 at the bottom of the casting cylinder 3, and the sealing claw 29 at the bottom of the sealing ring 22 presses the rubber sealing ring 28 in the sealing groove 4, achieving end face sealing in the rotating state through elastic deformation, preventing the rubber material from leaking from the bottom during the casting process.

[0030] Subsequently, the controller starts the regulating motor 37, and the output end of the regulating motor 37 drives the regulating gear 38 to rotate axially. Through the meshing transmission with the external gear ring 34, the sleeve rod 30 rotates around the centering rod 6 in a circumferential direction. During the rotation of the sleeve rod 30, the bottom drive ring 1 31 and drive ring 2 44 rotate synchronously. The regulating slide rail 1 32 on the outer periphery of the drive ring 1 31 moves circumferentially with the ring body. The groove wall generates a radial thrust on the transmission wheel 1 33, pushing the guide slider 10 to slide outward along the guide groove 9, driving the arc-shaped scraper 11 to be pushed out to the maximum scraping radius. At the same time, the regulating slide rail 2 45 on the outer periphery of the drive ring 2 44 generates a radial thrust on the transmission wheel 2 43, pushing the baffle 41 to slide outward along the regulating chamber 39, so that the injection port 1 42 moves outward synchronously to a position matching the outer layer forming radius, realizing the linkage alignment between the scraping radius and the injection position. During this alignment process, the controller synchronously controls the sorting motor 15 to start. The output end of the sorting motor 15 drives the sorting plate 14 to swing around the hinge axis to the first station, which fits against the inner wall of one side of the feeding channel 13, dividing the feeding channel 13 into the corresponding outer waste flow path. After the parameters are adjusted, the controller controls the casting motor 19 to start. The power is reduced and increased in torque by the gearbox 18, which drives the drive gear 20 to rotate axially. Through the meshing transmission with the driven gear 17, the hollow cylinder 16 rotates at a constant speed around the vertical axis, thereby driving the casting cylinder 3 to rotate synchronously. The raw material of the outer wear-resistant working layer is injected into the casting cylinder 3 through the injection port 42. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is evenly attached to the inner wall of the casting cylinder 3, forming an outer adhesive layer with uniform circumferential thickness. During the curing process of the rubber compound, excess rubber compound that creeps and accumulates along the cylinder wall to the bottom under the action of gravity is blocked and scraped off by the arc-shaped scraper 11. It then gathers towards the center along the guide surface of the arc-shaped scraper 11 and the arc-shaped guide plate 8, and enters the interior of the hollow cylinder 7 through the circumferential material collection port 26. As the casting cylinder 3 rotates, the friction between the rubber sealing ring 28 and the sealing claw 29 will drive the sealing ring 22, the transfer cylinder 23 and the discharge auger 24 to rotate synchronously. Therefore, the waste material entering the hollow cylinder 7 will be continuously pushed downward by the rotating discharge auger 24, enter the transfer cylinder 23 through the transfer port 25, and then fall into the hollow cylinder 16 through the discharge port 27. Finally, it flows into the discharge channel 13 and is guided by the sorting plate 14 into the corresponding outer waste collection container to avoid the mixing of plastic waste of different formulations, thus providing a basis for the subsequent recycling of plastic waste. After the outer layer solidifies to a gel state, the controller controls the adjusting motor 37 to rotate in the opposite direction, driving the sleeve rod 30 to rotate to the corresponding station. This drives the arc-shaped scraper 11 to retract inward along the guide groove 9 to the scraping radius of the middle layer. At this time, the scraper's coverage area only corresponds to the radial area of ​​the inner adhesive layer, avoiding scratching the inner wall of the solidified outer adhesive layer. Simultaneously, the injection port 42 moves inward with the baffle 41, aligning with the radial position of the middle layer forming. The sorting motor 15 synchronously drives the sorting plate 14 to swing to the second station, adhering to the inner wall of the other side of the discharge channel 13, switching to the guide path for the middle layer waste. The casting motor 19 maintains the rotation speed adapted to the middle layer of rubber material. The raw material of the middle layer elastic buffer layer is injected into the casting cylinder 3 through the injection port 42. Under the action of centrifugal force, it is evenly spread on the inner surface of the outer layer of rubber material to form the middle layer of rubber material. Similarly, the excess part of the middle layer of rubber material that creeps downward under gravity is scraped off by the arc-shaped scraper 11 that shrinks to the corresponding radius. It enters the discharge channel 13 through the same discharge path and is guided by the sorting plate 14 into the middle layer waste collection container. After the middle layer has solidified to a gel state, the controller controls the pouring motor 19 to stop running, and the pouring cylinder 3 enters a stationary state; the electric push rod 50 starts to retract, driving the crossbar 49 to slide upward along the support rod 46, pushing the lifting guide rod 48 to rise vertically, and pulling the centering scraping mechanism out of the pouring cylinder 3 until it is completely removed from the space above the pouring cylinder 3. Subsequently, the controller starts the transfer motor 55. The output end of the transfer motor 55 drives the bevel gear 56 to rotate axially. Through meshing with the bevel gear ring 53, the bevel gear ring 53 rotates around the vertical axis. The lifting slider 54 on the inner side of the bevel gear ring 53 is embedded in the lifting groove 52 of the lifting guide rod 48, which allows the lifting guide rod 48 to slide axially and transmit circumferential torque. Therefore, when the bevel gear ring 53 rotates, it will drive the lifting guide rod 48 to rotate 90° around its own axis, so that the two equipment mounting rods 51 arranged at 90° will exchange positions: the mounting rod that originally carried the centering scraping mechanism will rotate away from the top of the casting cylinder 3, and the mounting rod that originally carried the upper cover plate 2 57 and the roller core 1 will rotate to the top of the casting cylinder 3, completing the automatic switching of the two positions. After the workstation is switched to the correct position, the electric push rod 50 extends again, driving the lifting guide rod 48 to descend. The roller core 1 is coaxially inserted into the casting cylinder 3. The bottom of the roller core 1 is embedded in the sealing groove 4 to complete the positioning. The upper cover plate 57 then covers and seals the top opening of the casting cylinder 3. At this time, a closed inner layer adhesive layer casting cavity is formed between the outer wall of the roller core 1 and the inner wall of the middle elastic buffer layer. The raw material of the inner layer adhesive layer is injected into the inner layer cavity through the injection port 58 on the upper cover plate 57. Under static conditions, the cavity is filled and cross-linked with the middle adhesive layer in situ, while forming a high-strength bond with the surface of the roller core 1. After the inner layer is completely cured, the electric push rod 50 drives the lifting guide rod 48 to rise, which drives the roller core 1 and the formed multi-layer composite polyurethane roller to be removed from the casting cylinder 3. After removing a small amount of process residue at both ends, a finished roller with clear radial layering and uniform thickness can be obtained. It is worth noting that the outer and middle adhesive layers are centrifugally cast to ensure uniform circumferential thickness, while the inner adhesive layer is statically cast to ensure bonding strength with the metal roller core. Combined with the layered scraping of the arc-shaped scraper 11, the defects of bottom material accumulation and mixing are effectively reduced. At the same time, the source classification and collection of plastic waste with different formulations are realized, taking into account both the high-performance molding requirements of advanced petrochemical new materials and the green production orientation of solid waste recycling.

[0031] The working principle of the multilayer composite polyurethane roller and its casting molding equipment provided by this invention is as follows: First, the equipment adopts a vertical centrifugal molding process. The high-speed rotation of the casting cylinder 3 around the vertical axis generates radial centrifugal force, which drives the rubber material to adhere evenly to the inner wall of the mold, thus solving the problem of uneven circumferential thickness of the rubber layer. In response to the inherent defects of axial bottom accumulation and interlayer mixing in vertical centrifugal molding, the equipment is equipped with a radially adjustable arc-shaped scraper 11. During each layer of casting, the excess rubber material that creeps down along the cylinder wall is scraped off by physical obstruction, directly blocking the axial settling path of the rubber material and avoiding the formation of an end face step with excessive thickness at the bottom. This effectively prevents the next layer of liquid rubber material from washing over the end face of the step and causing interlayer mixing, thus eliminating the disordered mixing area at the bottom. To address the problem of difficulty in recycling multi-layer casting waste, the equipment is equipped with a swingable sorting plate 14 in the feeding channel 13. During each layer of casting, the guiding direction of the sorting plate 14 is switched synchronously, guiding the waste of different formulations of plastic materials to different collection stations. Formula sorting is achieved at the source of waste generation, eliminating the need for subsequent manual sorting and making the recycled materials have the value of direct reuse, which meets the green manufacturing requirements for recycling plastic waste. To address the need for matching the positions of layered scraping and injection, the equipment adopts a single-drive-source linkage structure: when the same sleeve rod 30 rotates, the arc-shaped scraper 11 is driven to extend and retract radially through the cam transmission of the drive ring 31 and the adjusting slide rail 32, while the injection port 42 is driven to move radially through the cam transmission of the drive ring 44 and the adjusting slide rail 45. The radial positions of the two are precisely and synchronously matched; the injection point is directly aligned with the forming radius of the current adhesive layer, which not only avoids the raw material falling directly into the scraping area and causing waste, but also reduces the scouring of the gelled layer by the material flow, further reducing the risk of interlayer mixing. To address the process connection requirements between the centrifugal molding of the outer and middle layers and the static casting of the inner layer, the equipment is equipped with a lifting and rotation switching mechanism: the electric push rod 50 drives the lifting guide rod 48 to lift vertically, realizing the insertion and clamping of the mechanism; the bevel gear pair formed by the bevel gear 56 and the bevel gear ring 53 transmits circumferential torque, and with the keyed structure of the lifting slider 54 and the lifting groove 52, the lifting and rotation actions do not interfere with each other. The lifting process does not interfere with the rotation, and the rotation process does not interfere with the lifting. It can accurately complete the 90° station switching and automatically replace the scraping station with the roller core casting station, realizing the automatic connection of the centrifugal molding of the outer and middle layers and the static casting of the inner layer. No manual hoisting and transfer is required, which improves production efficiency and positioning accuracy.

[0032] In the discharge stage, the equipment uses the friction force of the mold rotation to drive the discharge auger 24 to rotate accordingly. Without the need for an additional drive motor, it can actively push the high-viscosity polyurethane waste downwards, effectively reducing the accumulation and blockage of waste in the channel and ensuring smooth discharge. At the same time, the cooperation between the sealing claw pin 29 and the rubber sealing ring 28 not only achieves dynamic sealing of the end face in the rotating state, but also provides follow-up power for the discharge auger 24.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A multilayer composite polyurethane roller, characterized in that: It includes a roller core (1), and the outer periphery of the roller core (1) is covered with a coating adhesive layer (2). The coating adhesive layer (2) consists of an inner adhesive layer, a middle elastic buffer layer, and an outer wear-resistant working layer from the inside to the outside.

2. A casting molding apparatus for use with the multilayer composite polyurethane roller as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a casting cylinder (3), a centering scraping mechanism, a rotary drive mechanism, and a sorting and recycling mechanism; The bottom of the casting cylinder (3) is provided with a sealing groove (4), and the bottom of the sealing groove (4) is provided with a chip discharge port (5). The centering scraping mechanism is coaxially inserted inside the casting cylinder (3), including a centering rod (6), a hollow cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the centering rod (6), a plurality of arc-shaped guide plates (8) are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the hollow cylinder (7), a guide groove (9) is opened on the side of the arc-shaped guide plate (8), a guide slider (10) is slidably arranged inside the guide groove (9), an arc-shaped scraper (11) is arranged on the concave side of the arc-shaped guide plate (8), and the arc-shaped scraper (11) is fixedly connected to the guide slider (10); The rotary drive mechanism is located below the casting cylinder (3) and is used to drive the casting cylinder (3) to rotate around the vertical axis; The sorting and recycling mechanism includes an arched support base (12), a feeding channel (13) is provided in the middle section of the arched support base (12), a sorting plate (14) is hinged inside the feeding channel (13), a sorting motor (15) is fixedly connected to one end of the arched support base (12), and the output end of the sorting motor (15) is fixedly connected to the shaft end of the sorting plate (14) for sorting and guiding the waste materials scraped off with different adhesive layers to be discharged.

3. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism includes a hollow cylinder (16), which is located above the feeding channel (13). The bottom of the hollow cylinder (16) is rotatably connected to the top of the arched support (12), and the hollow cylinder (16) connects the chip discharge port (5) and the feeding channel (13). The hollow cylinder (16) is fixedly fitted with a driven gear (17) on its outer periphery. The top of the arched support (12) is fixedly connected to a gearbox (18). The input end of the gearbox (18) is fixedly connected to a casting motor (19). The output end of the gearbox (18) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (20). The driving gear (20) and the driven gear (17) mesh with each other.

4. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the hollow cylinder (7) is fixedly connected to a sealing shaft (21), and a sealing ring (22) is provided on the outer periphery of the sealing shaft (21). The bottom of the sealing ring (22) is fixedly connected to a transfer cylinder (23). The transfer cylinder (23) is concentrically provided with a discharge auger (24), and the bottom of the hollow cylinder (7) is provided with a transfer port (25) communicating with the transfer cylinder (23). The top of the discharge auger (24) extends through the transfer port (25) into the interior of the hollow cylinder (7). The hollow cylinder (7) has multiple material collection ports (26) evenly distributed around its circumference, and the transfer cylinder (23) has a discharge port (27) at its bottom. A rubber sealing ring (28) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the sealing groove (4), and a sealing claw (29) is provided at the bottom of the sealing ring (22).

5. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The centering rod (6) is fitted with a sleeve rod (30) on its outer periphery. A drive ring (31) is fixedly fitted at the bottom of the sleeve rod (30). Multiple adjusting slide rails (32) are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring (31). The top of the arc-shaped scraper (11) is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel (33), which is rolled into the interior of the adjusting slide rail (32).

6. The casting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the sleeve rod (30) is fixedly connected to an external toothed ring (34), and an upper cover plate (35) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod (30). The top of the upper cover plate (35) is provided with a connecting frame (36) that is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod (6). An adjusting motor (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame (36), and an adjusting gear (38) is fixedly connected to the output end of the adjusting motor (37). The adjusting gear (38) meshes with the external gear ring (34).

7. The casting equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper cover plate (35) has multiple regulating chambers (39) evenly arranged in the circumferential direction inside. The top of the upper cover plate (35) has a through groove (40) that passes through the regulating chamber (39). A baffle (41) is slidably arranged inside the regulating chamber (39). A material inlet (42) is opened at one end of the baffle (41). One end of the baffle (41) is rotatably connected to a transmission wheel (43), and a drive ring (44) is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the sleeve rod (30). Multiple adjusting slide rails (45) are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the drive ring (44), and the transmission wheel (43) rolls and embeds itself into the adjusting slide rail (45).

8. The casting equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the arched support base (12) is fixedly connected to a support rod (46), the top of the support rod (46) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped rod (47), and one end of the L-shaped rod (47) is slidably connected to a lifting guide rod (48). The bottom of the lifting guide rod (48) is rotatably connected to a crossbar (49), and the crossbar (49) is slidably connected to the support rod (46); The top of the L-shaped rod (47) is fixedly connected to an electric actuator (50), and the output end of the electric actuator (50) is fixedly connected to the crossbar (49). The top of the lifting guide rod (48) is fixedly connected to a pair of equipment mounting rods (51), the two equipment mounting rods (51) are set at 90°, and the end of one of the equipment mounting rods (51) is fixedly connected to the top of the centering rod (6).

9. The casting equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting guide rod (48) has a lifting groove (52) symmetrically opened along the axial direction on its outer periphery. The bottom of the L-shaped rod (47) is rotatably connected to a bevel ring (53). The bevel ring (53) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the lifting guide rod (48). The inner side of the bevel ring (53) is symmetrically provided with lifting sliders (54) that are adapted to the lifting groove (52). One end of the L-shaped rod (47) is fixedly connected to a transfer motor (55), and the output end of the transfer motor (55) is fixedly connected to a bevel gear (56), which meshes with the bevel gear ring (53).

10. The casting equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: Another device mounting rod (51) is fixedly connected to an upper cover plate (57) at its end. The bottom of the upper cover plate (57) is fixedly connected to the roller core (1) by bolts. The top of the upper cover plate (57) is provided with a filling port (58) that is compatible with the inner adhesive layer.

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