An adjustable viscous damper and a tuned mass damper using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses an adjustable viscous damper and a tuned mass damper using the same, relating to the field of damper technology. It includes a cylinder and a moving rod with a piston coaxially mounted at its end. The piston is movably positioned within the cylinder cavity, dynamically sealing and dividing the cylinder cavity into two chambers, each containing damping fluid. The moving rod is hollow, forming a hollow cavity. Both the moving rod and the piston have flow holes and perforations connecting to the hollow cavity, respectively, allowing the damping fluid to flow between the two chambers through a flow channel formed by the perforations, the hollow cavity, and the flow holes. By designing the moving rod as a hollow structure and providing flow holes and perforations on both the moving rod and the piston, this invention creates a flow channel connecting the two chambers via the hollow cavity. Furthermore, the size of the flow holes is adjustable, allowing for adjustable flow cross-sections, thus enabling the damping characteristics of the damper to be flexibly changed according to actual operating conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of damper technology, specifically to an adjustable viscous damper and a tuned mass damper using the same. Background Technology

[0002] A tuned mass damper typically consists of three main systems: a mass block, a stiffening element (spring), and a damping element. In engineering applications, the tuned mass damper is attached as a substructure to the main structure (such as a building or bridge) that needs to be controlled.

[0003] The working principle of a tuned mass damper: By carefully designing the weight of the mass and the stiffness of the spring, the natural frequency of the damper is adjusted (or tuned) to a control frequency close to that of the main structure. When the main structure vibrates due to external excitations such as wind, earthquakes, or walking loads, the damper generates an inertial force opposite to the direction of the main structure's vibration, acting in the opposite direction on the main structure. This transfers the vibration energy of the main structure to the damper system, where it is dissipated through the damping elements, ultimately achieving the purpose of attenuating the vibration of the main structure.

[0004] Currently used damping elements are generally viscous dampers, such as... Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional viscous damper. 101 represents the cylinder body, 102 represents the plug portion located within the cylinder's inner cavity, dividing the cylinder's inner cavity into upper and lower chambers, each containing damping fluid (e.g., hydraulic oil), 103 represents the rod portion coaxially mounted on the plug portion, and 104 represents the through-hole in the plug portion connecting the two chambers. During operation, the rod portion moves, causing the plug portion to slide within the cylinder's inner cavity. As the space in the chamber gradually decreases, the damping fluid flows through the through-hole into the chamber that gradually increases in space, generating viscous frictional resistance to dissipate energy. For example... Figure 1 As shown, it can be represented as the plug flowing downwards, with the damping fluid flowing upwards. The upward arrow indicates the flow direction of the damping fluid from the lower chamber into the upper chamber.

[0005] The through-hole, typically located near the outer edge of the plug, directly connects the two chambers. Its diameter remains constant, ensuring the damping fluid flows with a fixed cross-sectional area. In summary, once the through-hole is machined, its flow cross-sectional area is fixed, and the damping force depends solely on the piston's speed. The damping characteristics cannot be altered after manufacturing without replacing the piston. This constant-damping-characteristic viscous damper is unsuitable for various operating conditions and has a limited range of applications. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing an adjustable viscous damper, which allows the damping characteristics of the damper to be flexibly changed according to the actual working conditions by adjusting the size of the flow cross section used to supply the damping fluid.

[0007] To address the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An adjustable viscous damper includes a cylinder and a moving rod with a piston coaxially mounted at its end. The piston is movably positioned within the cylinder cavity to dynamically seal and divide the cylinder cavity into two sets of chambers, each containing damping fluid. The moving rod is hollow to form a hollow cavity. The moving rod and the piston are respectively provided with a flow hole and a perforation for communicating with the hollow cavity, so that the damping fluid can flow between the two sets of chambers through the flow channel formed by the perforation, the hollow cavity, and the flow hole. The size of the flow hole is adjustable so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel is correspondingly adjustable.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes a plug that is movable within the hollow cavity along the length of the moving rod to block the opening of the liquid flow hole to different degrees, thereby adjusting the effective flow cross-sectional size of the liquid flow hole.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: a carrier rod is movably arranged inside the hollow cavity along the length direction of the moving rod, and a rack is arranged outside the carrier rod along its length direction. A rotating shaft that passes through the hollow cavity is rotatably mounted on the moving rod, and the rotating shaft can be locked to the moving rod by fasteners. A gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the gear meshes with the rack for transmission. The plug is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the carrier rod.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the bottom end of the plug is a ball-shaped curved surface design.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, it also includes a tube body with a dynamic seal and a dynamic plug inside, one end of the tube body being connected to any set of chambers, and the other end being connected to a gas cylinder, and the pressure inside the gas cylinder is adjustable.

[0012] The present invention also proposes a tuned mass damper, comprising a frame on which a mass component is movably disposed, and a stiffening element connected to the mass component is disposed on the frame. The cylinder of the viscous damper is fixedly connected to the frame, and the moving rod is fixedly connected to the mass component.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the frame includes an upper seat and a lower seat, and a connecting rod for connecting the upper seat and the lower seat, wherein the mass component is movably mounted on the connecting rod.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: a first magnetic block is fixedly disposed on the mass component, and a second magnetic block is disposed on the frame above and below the first magnetic block, wherein the second magnetic block located above is used to apply a downward repulsive force to the first magnetic block, and the second magnetic block located below is used to apply a downward attractive force to the first magnetic block.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the first magnetic block is movably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod, and both sets of second magnetic blocks are fixedly installed on the connecting rod.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention: the mass component includes a storage bracket, the end of which is movably sleeved outside the connecting rod, and several sets of mass blocks are detachably assembled at the bottom of the storage bracket.

[0017] As a further aspect of the present invention: the stiffness element is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By designing the moving rod as a hollow structure and opening liquid flow holes and perforations on the moving rod and piston respectively, a flow channel is formed between the two sets of chambers through the hollow cavity. At the same time, the size of the liquid flow holes is adjustable, realizing the adjustment of the flow cross section. This allows the damping characteristics of the damper to be flexibly changed according to the actual working conditions, improving its adaptability to different vibration environments.

[0019] 2. By adding a plug that is movable and installed in the hollow cavity, the effective flow area can be adjusted by the degree of obstruction of the liquid flow orifice by the plug. This adjustment method is direct and reliable, and can achieve precise control of damping characteristics.

[0020] 3. By designing the bottom of the plug as a spherical curved surface, the fluid flow resistance can be reduced when blocking the liquid flow hole, allowing the damped fluid to pass through more smoothly. At the same time, the fit between the spherical surface and the orifice can achieve a better sealing effect and prevent leakage.

[0021] 4. By adding a compensation device consisting of a tube, a moving plug, and a gas cylinder, one end of which is connected to the chamber and the other end is connected to the gas cylinder, the device can automatically compensate for the volume fluctuation of the damping fluid caused by temperature changes or leakage, maintain the internal pressure of the damper, and thus ensure the long-term stability of the damping performance.

[0022] 5. By setting the cylinder pressure to be adjustable, the adjustment range of the damping characteristics is further expanded.

[0023] 6. By applying the above-mentioned adjustable viscous damper to the tuned mass damper, and fixing the cylinder to the frame and connecting the moving rod to the mass assembly, the damping characteristics of the entire tuned mass damper system can be adjusted in real time according to the changes in the dynamic characteristics of the main structure. This enhances the robustness and adaptability of the tuned mass damper, effectively copes with the frequency shift or excitation intensity change of the main structure, and improves the vibration reduction effect.

[0024] 7. By setting a first magnetic block on the mass component and setting a second magnetic block on the frame above and below it respectively, with the upper and lower magnetic blocks applying repulsive and attractive forces to the first magnetic block respectively, this magnetic configuration can produce unique nonlinear restoring force characteristics, achieving an effect similar to negative stiffness. This helps to reduce the natural frequency of the tuned mass damper or enhance its damping effect, while avoiding mechanical contact and reducing wear and maintenance requirements.

[0025] 8. By movably mounting the first magnetic block outside the connecting rod and fixing the two sets of second magnetic blocks on the connecting rod, this layout makes full use of the connecting rod as a guide and mounting base, so that the relative position between the magnetic blocks is accurate and stable, the magnetic force acts concentrically, and the balance of the force system is guaranteed.

[0026] 9. The mass component adopts a design with a support bracket and several detachable mass blocks. The mass blocks can be easily added or removed as needed, and their natural frequency can be flexibly changed to match the main structure, which greatly improves the versatility and on-site adaptability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a viscous damper in the prior art; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the viscous damper of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged structural diagram; Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the tuned mass damper of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 101, cylinder block; 102, plug; 103, rod; 104, through hole; 1. Cylinder; 2. Piston; 3. Moving rod; 4. Hollow cavity; 5. Fluid flow hole; 6. Perforation; 7. Plug; 8. Carrier rod; 9. Rack; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Gear; 12. Rigid element; 13. Upper seat; 14. Lower seat; 15. Connecting rod; 16. First magnetic block; 17. Second magnetic block; 18. Storage bracket; 19. Mass block; 20. Moving piston; 21. Tube body; 22. Gas cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Example 1: like Figures 2-3 As shown, an adjustable viscous damper includes: (1) Cylinder 1: A piston 2 is provided in the inner cavity of cylinder 1 for dynamic sealing. The piston 2 can move along the length of cylinder 1, and the piston 2 divides the inner cavity of cylinder 1 into two sets of chambers. Figure 2 As shown, the chambers can be defined as an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and both chambers contain damping fluid (such as hydraulic oil).

[0032] (2) Moving rod 3: One end of the moving rod 3 is coaxially mounted on the piston 2 so that when the moving rod 3 moves, it can drive the piston 2 to move inside the cylinder 1. The moving rod 3 is hollow in design to form a hollow cavity 4; correspondingly, a liquid flow hole 5 communicating with the hollow cavity 4 is provided on the side of the moving rod 3, and a through hole 6 communicating with the hollow cavity 4 is provided in the middle of the piston 2. The liquid flow hole 5, the hollow cavity 4 and the through hole 6 form a flow channel to realize the communication between the upper and lower chambers.

[0033] When the viscous damper designed above is working, such as Figure 3 As shown, taking the downward movement of piston 2 driven by rod 3 as an example, the damping fluid in the lower chamber will overflow into the upper chamber through the flow channel. The overflow direction can be... Figure 3 The arrows in the diagram indicate that this overflow process generates viscous frictional resistance, which dissipates energy.

[0034] If the size of the flow channel is constant, the resulting damping characteristics will also be constant. However, the required damping characteristics need to be adaptively matched under different operating conditions. Therefore, this application sets the size of the flow channel to be adjustable, so that the flow cross-section of the flow channel can be adjusted accordingly, thereby changing the amount of damping fluid overflowing per unit time when the piston 2 moves, and thus changing the damping characteristics.

[0035] Specifically, this application includes a plug 7 movably disposed within the hollow cavity 4. The plug 7 can move along the length of the movable rod 3, and the movement of the plug 7 can obstruct the opening of the liquid flow hole 5 to varying degrees. (Continuing with...) Figure 3As shown, when the plug 7 is driven upward to move a certain displacement, the orifice of the liquid flow hole 5 will be opened larger, and the amount of damping fluid overflowing per unit time will increase; conversely, when the plug 7 is driven downward to move a certain displacement, the orifice of the liquid flow hole 5 will be opened smaller, and the amount of damping fluid overflowing per unit time will decrease.

[0036] To achieve adjustable movement of the plug 7, this application includes a carrier rod 8 movably disposed within the hollow cavity 4 along the length of the moving rod 3. A rack 9 is fixedly disposed on the carrier rod 8 along its length. A rotating shaft 10, traversing the hollow cavity 4, is rotatably mounted on the moving rod 3. The rotating shaft 10 is locked to the moving rod 3 by fasteners (e.g., bolts, not shown in the figure). A gear 11 is fixedly fitted onto the portion of the rotating shaft 10 located within the hollow cavity 4, and the gear 11 meshes with the rack 9. The plug 7 is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the carrier rod 8. When the rotating shaft 10 is driven to rotate, the gear 11 moves accordingly, causing the rack 9 to move upwards or downwards, thus adjusting the up-and-down movement of the plug 7. The rotating shaft 10 is then locked using fasteners.

[0037] It should be noted that, for the implementation of the up-and-down movement adjustment of the plug 7 mentioned above, this application is not limited to the design of gear 11 and rack 9, and can also be replaced by any adjustment method in the prior art. To avoid cumbersome writing, this will not be elaborated here.

[0038] Preferably, in order to reduce the flow resistance of the damping fluid at the flow hole 5 and improve the shielding effect, the bottom end of the plug 7 is designed as a spherical curved surface.

[0039] Example 2: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment adds a compensation device on the basis of Embodiment 1. This compensation device can automatically compensate for the volume fluctuation of the damping fluid caused by temperature changes or leakage, maintain the internal pressure of the damper, and thus ensure the long-term stability of the damping performance.

[0040] Specifically, the compensation device includes a tube 21 with a dynamic seal and a dynamic plug 20 inside. One end of the tube 21 is connected to any set of chambers, and the other end is connected to a gas cylinder 22 with a certain pressure (e.g., nitrogen at a certain pressure).

[0041] Meanwhile, the pressure inside cylinder 22 is set to be adjustable, further expanding the adjustment range of the damping characteristics.

[0042] Example 3: like Figure 4As shown, a tuned mass damper includes a frame, which comprises an upper body 13 and a lower body 14. The upper body 13 is used for mounting on components such as buildings. The upper body 13 and the lower body 14 are connected by several connecting rods 15. A mass component is movably mounted on the connecting rods 15, and a stiffening element (such as an elastic element like a spring) 12 is provided between the lower body 14 and the mass component. Simultaneously, a viscous damper as described in any of the above embodiments is also provided between the lower body 14 and the mass component. Specifically, the cylinder 1 of the viscous damper is fixedly connected to the lower body 14, and the moving rod 3 is fixedly connected to the mass component.

[0043] The working principle is as follows: When the main structure connected to the upper body 13 vibrates due to external excitations such as wind, earthquake or walking load, the mass component in the tuned mass damper system moves relative to it. At this time, the viscous damper connected to the mass component starts to work. When the mass component drives the moving rod 3 to move, the piston 2 fixed to the moving rod 3 slides in the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 to dissipate energy.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to change the weight of the mass component, this embodiment provides that the mass component includes a storage bracket 18, the end of which is movably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 15, and several sets of mass blocks 19 are detachably assembled at the bottom of the storage bracket 18.

[0045] Example 4: For example Figure 4 As shown, in order to optimize the shock absorption performance of the tuned mass damper in Embodiment 3, a first magnetic block 16 is fixedly arranged on the mass component in this embodiment. At the same time, two sets of second magnetic blocks 17 are fixedly arranged on the frame. The two sets of second magnetic blocks 17 are located above and below the first magnetic block 16, respectively. By designing the required magnetic pole layout, the force between the upper second magnetic block 17 and the first magnetic block 16 is a repulsive force, and the force between the lower second magnetic block 17 and the first magnetic block 16 is an attractive force.

[0046] Therefore, when the moving rod 3 drives the piston 2 downward, the mass assembly and the first magnetic block 16 move downward synchronously. At this time, the first magnetic block 16 is subjected to a downward repulsive force from the second magnetic block 17 located above it, and a downward attractive force from the second magnetic block 17 located below it. This causes the entire mass assembly to achieve a large downward displacement during the downward movement of the moving rod 3 and the piston 2, resulting in greater energy dissipation. In other words, this structural design achieves lower dynamic equivalent stiffness and better low-frequency vibration absorption performance with a smaller static compression.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned connecting rod 15 configuration, in this embodiment, the first magnetic block 16 can be movably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod 15, and both sets of second magnetic blocks 17 are fixedly installed on the connecting rod 15.

[0048] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. An adjustable viscous damper, characterized in that, The cylinder (1) includes a cylinder (1) and a moving rod (3) with a piston (2) coaxially mounted at its end. The piston (2) is movably positioned in the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) to dynamically seal and divide the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) into two sets of chambers, and both sets of chambers are provided with damping fluid. The moving rod (3) is hollow to form a hollow cavity (4). The moving rod (3) and the piston (2) are respectively provided with a liquid flow hole (5) and a perforation (6) for communicating with the hollow cavity (4), so that the flow channel formed by the perforation (6), the hollow cavity (4) and the liquid flow hole (5) between the two sets of chambers is used to supply the flow of damping fluid. The size of the liquid flow hole (5) is adjustable so that the flow cross-section of the flow channel is correspondingly adjustable.

2. The adjustable viscous damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a plug (7) that is movable in the hollow cavity (4) along the length of the moving rod (3) to block the opening of the liquid flow hole (5) to different degrees, so as to adjust the effective flow cross section size of the liquid flow hole (5).

3. An adjustable viscous damper according to claim 2, characterized in that, A carrier rod (8) is movably arranged inside the hollow cavity (4) along the length direction of the moving rod (3). A rack (9) is arranged outside the carrier rod (8) along its length direction. A rotating shaft (10) is rotatably installed on the moving rod (3) and passes through the hollow cavity (4). The rotating shaft (10) can be locked to the moving rod (3) by fasteners. A gear (11) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (10), and the gear (11) meshes with the rack (9) for transmission. The plug (7) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the carrier rod (8).

4. An adjustable viscous damper according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the plug (7) is a ball-shaped curved surface design.

5. An adjustable viscous damper according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It also includes a tube (21) with a dynamic seal (20) inside, one end of the tube (21) is connected to any set of chambers, and the other end is connected to a gas cylinder (22), and the pressure inside the gas cylinder (22) is adjustable.

6. A tuned mass damper using the viscous damper according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The frame includes a mass component that is movably mounted thereon, and a stiffening element (12) connected to the mass component is mounted on the frame. The cylinder (1) of the viscous damper is fixedly connected to the frame, and the moving rod (3) is fixedly connected to the mass component.

7. The tuned mass damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, The frame includes an upper seat (13) and a lower seat (14) and a connecting rod (15) for connecting the upper seat (13) and the lower seat (14), the mass assembly being movably mounted on the connecting rod (15).

8. The tuned mass damper according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first magnetic block (16) is fixedly disposed on the mass component. A second magnetic block (17) is disposed on the frame above and below the first magnetic block (16). The second magnetic block (17) located above is used to apply a downward repulsive force to the first magnetic block (16), and the second magnetic block (17) located below is used to apply a downward attractive force to the first magnetic block (16).

9. The tuned mass damper according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first magnetic block (16) is movably sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod (15), and the two sets of second magnetic blocks (17) are fixedly installed on the connecting rod (15).

10. The tuned mass damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mass component includes a storage bracket (18), the end of which is movably sleeved outside the connecting rod (15), and several sets of mass blocks (19) are detachably assembled at the bottom of the storage bracket (18).

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