Asymmetric characteristic magnetorheological damper with flow channel magnetic circuit integrated form

Abstract

This invention discloses an asymmetric magnetorheological damper with a flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping design, belonging to the technical field of automotive suspension systems. It includes: a dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, an asymmetric damping piston assembly, a damper outer cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, and a guide assembly. The asymmetric damping piston assembly is coaxially fixed to the top of the upper end cap of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly via a piston rod. The outer cylinder guide band of the magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly forms a coaxial fit with the inner wall of the damper outer cylinder assembly. The piston rod of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly passes coaxially through the upper chamber and through the guide assembly at the top of the damper. The dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes two annular damping channels. The asymmetric damping piston assembly is equipped with a flow-stopping component that opens and closes according to the direction of movement. This invention can improve vehicle ride comfort and handling stability by achieving asymmetric damping characteristics with a wide adjustment range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of automotive suspension systems, specifically relating to an asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit. Background Technology

[0002] As vehicle suspension systems continue to evolve towards higher comfort, higher handling stability, and greater intelligence, traditional passive dampers are increasingly unable to meet the comprehensive demands for suspension dynamic performance under complex operating conditions. Magnetorheological dampers, with their advantages of fast response, continuously adjustable damping force, compact structure, and low energy consumption, have been widely used in semi-active suspension systems and are gradually becoming an important development direction in the field of intelligent suspension. However, existing magnetorheological dampers still have significant shortcomings in terms of damping characteristic adjustment range, magnetic field utilization efficiency, and independent control capability of bidirectional stroke damping characteristics, especially in balancing the conflicting demands for vehicle ride comfort and handling stability.

[0003] Most existing magnetorheological dampers employ a single-channel magnetic circuit structure. The magnetic field generated by their excitation coils is typically concentrated only in a localized damping region, resulting in a limited effectively controlled area for the magnetorheological fluid and low magnetic field utilization. In multi-channel structures, due to unreasonable magnetic circuit distribution or unbalanced reluctance configuration, some channels often suffer from insufficient magnetic field coverage. This prevents the magnetorheological fluid from forming a uniform and effective yield stress distribution across the entire flow region, thus limiting further improvements in the damping force adjustment range. Especially under high-frequency vibration or large-impact conditions, traditional locally excited magnetic circuits are prone to magnetic field attenuation, localized channel failure, and insufficient damping adjustment capability, making it difficult for the damper to simultaneously achieve a coordinated match between high damping output and low zero-field damping.

[0004] On the other hand, traditional magnetorheological dampers generally employ a symmetrical flow channel structure, where the damping characteristics of the extension and compression strokes are essentially consistent, meaning the damping force changes synchronously with the current. While this structure allows for a certain degree of damping force adjustment, it struggles to meet the differentiated needs of vehicle suspensions in different directions of motion. For example, when a vehicle experiences a road impact, the compression stroke typically requires a lower base damping force to reduce the transmission of the impact to the vehicle body, thereby improving ride comfort. Conversely, during vehicle steering, braking, or high-speed lane changes, the extension stroke requires a higher damping force to suppress body roll and pitch, improving vehicle handling stability. However, existing symmetrical structures, due to fixed fluid flow paths and magnetic field-controlled coupling, often struggle to achieve asymmetric damping characteristics of "high extension damping and low compression damping." When the extension damping force is increased by raising the excitation current, the compression damping force also increases synchronously, leading to a decrease in vehicle impact comfort. Conversely, reducing the compression damping force to improve comfort weakens the extension stroke's control over vehicle attitude, thus reducing the vehicle's dynamic stability.

[0005] Furthermore, some existing technologies attempt to achieve asymmetric damping regulation by adding bypass valves, independent control valves, or external hydraulic switching mechanisms. However, such solutions typically suffer from complex structures, high control difficulty, high manufacturing costs, and insufficient reliability. Additionally, the added flow channel switching mechanism may introduce extra flow resistance and response hysteresis, reducing the real-time regulation performance of the magnetorheological damper and hindering stable operation under high-speed dynamic conditions.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a magnetorheological damper structure capable of adaptive adjustment of bidirectional stroke damping characteristics, while also possessing high magnetic field utilization and a wide range of damping adjustment capabilities. Specifically, a magnetic circuit shaping structure is needed to achieve full magnetic field coverage in the dual-channel region. By rationally configuring the magnetoresistance distribution and magnetic field guidance path, the excitation magnetic field can form a uniform diffusion coverage within the multi-channel region, thereby fully utilizing the damping control capability of the magnetorheological fluid throughout the entire channel. Simultaneously, an asymmetric damping structure capable of automatically switching the fluid path according to the direction of motion is also required to achieve a dynamic matching characteristic of low damping during compression and high damping during extension, thereby improving vehicle ride comfort and handling stability under complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems of symmetrical damping characteristics, low magnetic field utilization, and limited bidirectional damping adjustment range in traditional magnetorheological dampers, this invention provides an asymmetric magnetorheological damper with a flow channel magnetic circuit shaping structure. Through the synergistic design of a dual-flow channel magnetic field shaping structure and a direction-adaptive flow-stopping component, it achieves full-flow channel diffusion coverage of the excitation magnetic field in a multi-flow channel region. It also effectively overcomes the coupling limitations of traditional symmetrical magnetorheological dampers in damping characteristic adjustment, significantly improving magnetic field utilization efficiency and damping force adjustment range. Furthermore, it achieves a wide-range asymmetric damping characteristic of "large damping during stretching and small damping during compression," thus providing a novel magnetorheological damping technology solution for high-performance intelligent suspension systems that is compact, fast-responding, and highly reliable.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with a shaped magnetic circuit includes a dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, an asymmetric damping piston assembly, a damper outer cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, and a guide assembly. The asymmetric damping piston assembly is coaxially fixed to the top of the upper end cap of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly via a piston rod. The dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly forms a coaxial fit with the inner wall of the damper outer cylinder assembly through its outer cylinder guide band, thus connecting the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly. The piston rod is disposed inside the outer cylinder assembly of the damper and divides the internal chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; the piston rod passes coaxially through the guide assembly via the upper chamber; the floating piston assembly is coaxially disposed in the lower chamber below the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly; the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes two annular damping channels, and a synchronously excited coil winding and a magnetic circuit guiding assembly for magnetic field shaping are disposed between the two channels; the asymmetric damping piston assembly is provided with a flow-stopping assembly that opens and closes in the direction of motion.

[0010] Furthermore, the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes a piston core, a piston outer cylinder, an upper end cap, a lower end cap, an inner upper magnetic ring, an inner lower magnetic ring, an outer upper magnetic ring, an outer lower magnetic ring, an inner magnetic isolation ring, an outer magnetic isolation ring, an upper connecting flange for the magnetic ring, a lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring, an upper magnetic isolation ring, a lower magnetic isolation ring, and a coil winding; the piston core is coaxially disposed on the upper end of the lower end cap; the lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring is coaxially disposed on the upper end of the lower end cap and positioned outside the piston core; the outer lower magnetic ring and the inner lower magnetic ring are respectively coaxially disposed on the outer surface and inner surface of the boss of the lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring. The surface; the inner upper magnetic ring is connected to the inner lower magnetic ring through the inner magnetic isolation ring, and the outer upper magnetic ring is connected to the outer lower magnetic ring through the outer magnetic isolation ring; the coil winding is disposed in the cavity formed by the inner upper magnetic ring, the inner lower magnetic ring, the outer upper magnetic ring, the outer lower magnetic ring, the inner magnetic isolation ring, the outer magnetic isolation ring, the lower connecting flange of the magnetic ring, and the upper connecting flange of the magnetic ring; the upper magnetic isolation ring and the lower magnetic isolation ring are respectively disposed in the magnetic isolation ring grooves of the upper connecting flange of the magnetic ring and the lower connecting flange of the magnetic ring; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the piston outer cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, a shaping outer flow channel is formed between the inner surface of the piston outer cylinder and the outer surfaces of the outer upper magnetic ring, the outer magnetic isolation ring, and the outer lower magnetic ring; a shaping inner flow channel A is formed between the outer surface of the piston core and the inner surface of the inner lower magnetic ring, a shaping inner flow channel B is formed between the outer surface of the piston core and the inner surface of the inner magnetic isolation ring, and a shaping inner flow channel C is formed between the outer surface of the piston core and the inner surface of the inner upper magnetic ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the shaping inner flow channel A and the shaping inner flow channel C are streamlined with a large radius in the middle and small radii at both ends.

[0013] Furthermore, both the lower end cover and the upper end cover are provided with circumferentially arrayed through flow channel grooves, including an inner flow channel groove in the lower end cover, an outer flow channel groove in the lower end cover, an inner flow channel groove in the upper end cover, and an outer flow channel groove in the upper end cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the asymmetric damping piston assembly includes a flow-stopping component, a limiting shell, and a fixing screw; the limiting shell is fixedly connected to the upper end cover of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly by the fixing screw, and the flow-stopping component is constrained within the cavity formed by the inner surface of the limiting shell, the outer surface of the piston rod, and the upper end face of the upper end cover; the limiting shell is provided with a circumferentially arrayed through-flow-stopping channel groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the flow-stopping assembly includes a lower buffer pad, an upper buffer pad, a lower guide cover, an upper guide cover, a guide copper ring, a combined seal A, a combined seal B, a fastening screw, and a fastening nut; the lower buffer pad, the lower guide cover, the upper guide cover, and the upper buffer pad are coaxially arranged and locked by the fastening screw and the fastening nut; the outer diameter of the lower buffer pad is larger than the outer diameter of the flow channel groove inside the upper end cover; the upper surface of the upper buffer pad is provided with a circumferential array of guide grooves.

[0016] Furthermore, the combined seal B is disposed in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the upper guide cover, the combined seal A is disposed in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the lower guide cover, and the guide copper ring is disposed in the guide groove formed together between the upper guide cover and the lower guide cover; the inner surfaces of the guide copper ring, combined seal A and combined seal B are in contact with the outer surface of the piston rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the piston rod has a boss at its bottom end, which is located in the groove at the top of the piston core and sealed by a sealing ring A; the piston rod has a stop ring, and the inner surface of the upper end cover has a stop pad, which cooperates with the stop ring to limit the axial displacement of the piston rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly also includes an excitation lead, an insulating wire passage groove, a nylon plug, and an external lead; the excitation lead is led out from the coil winding, enters the wire passage groove of the lower end cover through the insulating wire passage groove, and then connects to the nylon plug; the external lead is integrated at the upper end of the nylon plug and then led out through the piston rod.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This invention utilizes the synergistic effect of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the directional adaptive flow-stopping component in the asymmetric damping piston assembly to enable the damper to reduce the basic damping force by having multiple channels in parallel during the compression stroke and to increase the basic damping force by having channels in series during the extension stroke. This effectively achieves the asymmetric characteristics of "large damping during extension and small damping during compression", breaking through the limitation of bidirectional damping coupling in traditional symmetric structures.

[0021] 2. This invention adopts a dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping structure, with a synchronous excitation coil winding and magnetic circuit guiding component set between the inner and outer annular damping channels. The magnetic resistance distribution is optimized through streamlined inner channel design, so that the excitation magnetic field can achieve full channel diffusion coverage and uniform distribution in the multi-channel region, which significantly improves the effective control area and magnetic field utilization of the magnetorheological fluid, thereby expanding the adjustment range of the damping force.

[0022] 3. The asymmetric damping characteristics of the present invention can dynamically match the needs of different vehicle operating conditions. It provides low compressive damping to improve ride comfort during road impacts and high tensile damping to enhance vehicle body attitude control during steering, braking and other conditions, effectively coordinating the contradiction between comfort and handling stability.

[0023] 4. By integrating the flow-stopping component inside the piston structure, this invention eliminates the need for an additional bypass valve or external hydraulic switching mechanism, thus avoiding problems such as structural complexity, high control difficulty, and sluggish response. This ensures the real-time adjustment performance and operational reliability of the damper under high-speed dynamic conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an axial sectional view of the asymmetric magnetorheological damper of the flow channel magnetic circuit of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 The figures show a bottom view and two cross-sectional views at different angles of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and asymmetric damping piston assembly combination of the present invention; wherein, the upper left figure is a schematic diagram of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, the upper right figure is the AA cross-sectional view in the upper left figure, the lower left figure is a schematic diagram of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly from another angle, and the lower right figure is the BB cross-sectional view in the lower left figure.

[0026] Figure 3 The image shows a top view of the asymmetric magnetorheological damper of the flow channel magnetic circuit of the present invention; wherein, (a) is a top view of the upper end cover, (b) is a top view of the lower end cover, and (c) is a top view of the upper buffer pad.

[0027] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and asymmetric damping piston assembly of the present invention in the working state during the compression stroke.

[0028] Figure 5This is a cross-sectional view of the dual-flow magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and asymmetric damping piston assembly of the present invention in the working state during the stretching stroke.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-Lifting lug, 2-Floating piston assembly, 3-Lower end cap, 4-Excitation lead wire, 5-Nylon plug, 6-Insulated wire groove, 7-Outer cylinder guide band A, 8-External lower magnetic ring, 9-External magnetic isolation ring, 10-External upper magnetic ring, 11-Outer cylinder guide band B, 12-Piston outer cylinder, 13-Upper end cap, 14-Fixing screw A, 15-Limiting shell, 16-Lower buffer pad, 17-Upper buffer pad, 18-External lead wire, 19-Piston rod, 20-Damper buffer block, 21-Guide assembly, 22-Magnetorheological fluid, 23-Damper outer cylinder assembly, 24-Combination seal A, 25-Guide copper ring, 26-Fasting nut, 27-Guide upper cover, 28-Combination seal B, 29-Guide lower cover, 30-Fasting screw, 31 - Stop pad, 32- Stop ring, 33- Sealing O-ring A, 34- Upper connecting flange of magnetic ring, 35- Upper magnetic isolation ring, 36- Inner upper magnetic ring, 37- Inner magnetic isolation ring, 38- Coil winding, 39- Inner lower magnetic ring, 40- Piston core, 41- Lower connecting flange of magnetic ring, 42- Lower magnetic isolation ring, 43- Key, 44- Sealing O-ring B, 45- Shaped outer flow channel, 46- Shaped inner flow channel A, 47- Shaped inner flow channel B, 48- Shaped inner flow channel C, 49- Check radial flow channel, 50- Check axial flow channel, 301- Lower end cover inner flow channel groove, 302- Lower end cover outer flow channel groove, 1301- Upper end cover inner flow channel groove, 1302- Upper end cover outer flow channel groove, 1501- Limiting flow channel groove, 1701- Conductive groove. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the asymmetric magnetorheological damper of the present invention with a flow channel magnetic circuit shaping form includes: a dual-flow channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, an asymmetric damping piston assembly, a damper outer cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, and a guide assembly; the asymmetric damping piston assembly is coaxially fixed to the top end of the upper end cap 13 of the dual-flow channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly by means of a piston rod 19; the outer cylinder guide belt A7 and the outer cylinder guide belt B of the magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly are also included. 11 forms a coaxial fit with the inner wall of the outer cylinder assembly 23 of the damper through surface contact, thereby placing the magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly in the internal chamber of the outer cylinder assembly 23 of the damper, and dividing the internal chamber of the outer cylinder assembly 23 of the damper into upper and lower chambers; the piston rod 19 of the dual-flow magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly passes coaxially through the upper chamber through the guide assembly 21 at the top of the damper to achieve radial multi-degree-of-freedom constraint of the magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly; the floating piston assembly 2 is coaxially arranged in the lower chamber below the magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, dividing the lower chamber into a fluid chamber and a... The gas chamber has two chambers; the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes two annular damping channels, and a synchronously excited coil winding 38 and a magnetic circuit guiding assembly for magnetic field shaping are arranged between the two channels, thereby realizing the diffusion and coverage of the excitation magnetic field within the entire channel; the asymmetric damping piston assembly is equipped with a flow-stopping assembly that opens and closes according to the direction of motion, enabling the asymmetric magnetorheological damper of the channel magnetic circuit shaping to adaptively control the opening and closing of the inner channel according to the direction of motion. Combined with the magnetic circuit shaping structure, it achieves asymmetric characteristics of small damping during compression and large damping during extension, and has a wide damping adjustment range in both directions. Figure 3 (a) is a top view of the top cover. Figure 3 (b) is a top view of the lower end cap. Figure 3 (c) is a top view of the upper cushioning pad.

[0032] Furthermore, in the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, a shaping outer flow channel is formed between the inner surface of the piston outer cylinder and the outer magnetic ring; multiple shaping inner flow channels are formed between the outer surface of the piston core and the inner magnetic ring and magnetic isolation ring. The inner flow channels adopt a streamlined design with a large radius in the middle and small radii at both ends, optimizing the magnetic circuit resistance and ensuring uniform coverage of the magnetic field in the inner flow channels. The flow-stopping component of the asymmetric damping piston assembly includes upper and lower buffer pads, guide copper rings, and seals. During the compression stroke, the upper buffer pad opens the flow channel, realizing parallel flow distribution of multiple flow channels and reducing the basic damping force during the compression stroke; during the extension stroke, the lower buffer pad closes the inner flow channel, realizing series flow convergence of the flow channels and increasing the basic damping force during the extension stroke.

[0033] Specifically, the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes a lower end cap 3, an excitation lead wire 4, a nylon plug 5, an insulating wire groove 6, an outer cylinder guide band A 7, an external lower magnetic ring 8, an external magnetic isolation ring 9, an external upper magnetic ring 10, an outer cylinder guide band B 11, a piston outer cylinder 12, an upper end cap 13, an external lead wire 18, a piston rod 19, a stop pad 31, a stop ring 32, a sealing O-ring A 33, an upper connecting flange for the magnetic ring 34, an upper magnetic isolation ring 35, an internal upper magnetic ring 36, an internal magnetic isolation ring 37, a coil winding 38, an internal lower magnetic ring 39, a piston core 40, a lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring 41, a lower magnetic isolation ring 42, a key 43, and a sealing O-ring B 10. 44; The groove at the lower end of the piston core 40 is connected to the boss at the upper end of the lower end cover 3 to achieve coaxial positioning; the insulating wire groove 6 is set in the wire groove on the outer surface of the lower connecting flange 41 of the magnetic ring; the lower connecting flange 41 of the magnetic ring is coaxially set in the groove at the upper end of the lower end cover 3 and placed outside the piston core 40; the outer lower magnetic ring 8 and the inner lower magnetic ring 39 are coaxially set on the outer and inner surfaces of the boss at the upper end of the lower connecting flange 41 of the magnetic ring, respectively; the outer upper magnetic ring 10 and the inner upper magnetic ring 36 are coaxially set on the boss at the lower end of the upper connecting flange 34 of the magnetic ring, respectively. The outer and inner surfaces are respectively connected to the outer lower magnetic ring 8 and the inner lower magnetic ring 39 through the T-shaped boss structure of the outer magnetic ring 9 and the inner magnetic ring 37. The outer upper magnetic ring 10 and the inner upper magnetic ring 36 are located on the upper boss of the T-shaped boss structure of the outer magnetic ring 9 and the inner magnetic ring 37, while the outer lower magnetic ring 8 and the inner lower magnetic ring 39 are located on the lower boss of the T-shaped boss structure of the outer magnetic ring 9 and the inner magnetic ring 37. At the same time, the annular boss at the upper end of the outer surface of the piston core 40 is connected to the groove at the lower end of the upper end cover 13. To achieve coaxial positioning; the coil winding 38 is disposed within the cavity formed by the inner upper magnetic ring 36, the inner lower magnetic ring 39, the outer upper magnetic ring 10, the outer lower magnetic ring 8, the inner magnetic isolation ring 37, the outer magnetic isolation ring 9, the lower connecting flange 41 of the magnetic ring, and the upper connecting flange 34 of the magnetic ring; the lower magnetic isolation ring 42 and the upper magnetic isolation ring 35 are respectively disposed within the magnetic isolation ring grooves of the lower connecting flange 41 and the upper connecting flange 34 of the magnetic ring, and are respectively positioned by the inner lower magnetic ring 39 and the inner upper magnetic ring 36; a boss is provided at the bottom end of the piston rod 19. There is a sealing ring groove, and the sealing O ring A33 is set in the sealing ring groove. The piston rod 19 is set in the groove at the top of the piston core 40. At the same time, a stop ring groove is set at the upper end of the sealing ring groove of the piston rod 19, and the stop ring 32 is set in the stop ring groove. Meanwhile, a stop pad 31 is set on the inner surface of the upper end cover 13. The stop pad 31 and the stop ring 32 restrict the axial freedom of the piston rod 19 through contact. The nylon plug 5 is set at the axial ring groove of the piston core 40. The external lead wire 18 is connected to the upper end of the nylon plug 5 and leads out through the through hole inside the piston rod 19.The lower end cover 3 and the upper end cover 13 are simultaneously fixed by the flanged process of the piston outer cylinder 12. The upper end cover 13 presses the connecting flange 34 on the magnetic ring with its bottom surface, and presses the stop ring 32 on the piston rod 19 with the internal stop pad 31, thereby locking all internal parts. The piston rod 19 is located inside the damper outer cylinder assembly 23, and an annular damper buffer block 20 is provided between the piston rod 19 and the damper outer cylinder assembly 23.

[0034] The annular cavity formed between the inner surface of the piston outer cylinder 12 and the outer surfaces of the outer lower magnetic ring 8, the outer magnetic isolation ring 9, and the outer upper magnetic ring 10 is a shaping outer flow channel 45; the annular cavity formed between the outer surface of the piston core 40 and the inner surface of the inner lower magnetic ring 39 is a shaping inner flow channel A 46; the annular cavity formed between the outer surface of the piston core 40 and the inner surface of the inner magnetic isolation ring 37 is a shaping inner flow channel B 47; and the annular cavity formed between the outer surface of the piston core 40 and the inner surface of the inner upper magnetic ring 36 is a shaping inner flow channel C 48; both the lower end cover 3 and the upper end cover 13 are provided with circumferentially arrayed through flow channel grooves, including the lower end cover inner flow channel groove 301, the lower end cover outer flow channel groove 302, the upper end cover inner flow channel groove 1301, and the upper end cover outer flow channel groove 1302, to ensure the communication between the upper and lower chambers.

[0035] Preferably, the shaping inner flow channel A 46 and the shaping inner flow channel C 48 need to be shaped by the piston core 40, the inner lower magnetic ring 39 and the inner upper magnetic ring 36 to present a streamlined form with a large radius in the middle and small radii at both ends, thereby ensuring a reasonable configuration of the magnetic resistance of the internal magnetic circuit, and thus ensuring the overall magnetic field shaping coverage of the inner flow channel.

[0036] Preferably, the excitation lead 4 is led out from the coil winding 38, passes through the independent slot on the insulating wire passage 6, enters the wire passage of the lower end cover 3, and is connected to the nylon plug 5. It is then integrated into the upper end of the nylon plug 5 as an external lead 18, which is led out through the piston rod 19.

[0037] Preferably, the asymmetric damping piston assembly includes a flow-stopping component, a fixing screw A 14, and a limiting shell 15. The limiting shell 15 is fixedly connected to the upper end cover 13 of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly by the fixing screw A 14, and locks the flow-stopping component within the cavity formed by its inner surface, the outer surface of the piston rod 19, and the upper end face of the upper end cover 13. The limiting shell 15 is provided with circumferentially arrayed through-flow-stopping channel grooves 1501 to ensure flow exchange. The flow-stopping component includes a lower buffer pad 16, an upper buffer pad 17, a combined seal A 24, a guide copper ring 25, a fastening nut 26, a guide upper cover 27, and a combined seal B. 28. Guide lower cover 29. Fastening screw 30; Lower buffer pad 16, guide lower cover 29, guide upper cover 27, and upper buffer pad 17 are coaxially arranged and locked with fastening nuts 26 by a set of fastening screws 30; The outer diameter of the lower buffer pad 16 must be larger than the outer diameter of the inner flow channel groove 1301 of the upper cover to ensure that the inner flow channel can be completely closed during the stretching stroke; The upper surface of the upper buffer pad 17 is provided with a circumferential array of guide grooves 1701 to ensure that the limiting flow channel groove 1501 is not blocked during the compression stroke; The combined seal B 28 is set in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the guide upper cover 27; The combined seal A 24 is set in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the guide lower cover 29; The guide copper ring 25 is set in the guide groove formed by the guide upper cover 27 and the guide lower cover 29; The flow-stopping assembly is connected by the guide copper ring 25, combined seal A 24, and combined seal B. The inner surface of 28 contacts the stroke surface of the piston rod 19, thereby restricting the circumferential degree of freedom of the flow-stopping assembly.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, when the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly move downwards synchronously into the damper's compression stroke, the fluid pressure difference drives the flow-stopping assembly to move upwards until the upper surface of the upper buffer pad 17 contacts the lower surface of the limiting shell 15. At this time, the conducting groove 1701 connects the limiting flow channel groove 1501 and the outer flow channel groove 1302 of the upper end cover, and the inner and outer flow channels are connected in parallel and diverted. At this time, the two channels work simultaneously, the total cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channels is large, the flow velocity is low, and the basic damping force of the compression stroke is small. Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid 22 in the lower chamber is squeezed and flows from the inner flow channel groove 301 of the lower end cover and the outer flow channel groove 1302 of the lower end cover. Simultaneously, the flow channels 302 flow in. Part of the flow from the inner flow channel 301 of the lower end cover flows through the inner flow channels A46, B47, and C48, and then continues to flow through the inner flow channel 1301 of the upper end cover. After passing through the conducting channel 1701 and the limiting flow channel 1501, it flows out into the upper chamber. The other part flows in from the outer flow channel 302 of the lower end cover, flows through the outer flow channel 45, and then flows out from the outer flow channel 1302 of the upper end cover into the upper chamber. At this time, the coil winding 38 is energized, and the magnetic field is fully covered by the magnetic attraction design of this invention, thereby achieving a wide range of damping adjustment.

[0039] The asymmetric damping piston assembly also includes a check flow system, comprising a check radial flow channel 49, which is formed on the side wall of the limiting shell 15 and extends radially to connect the outer annular cavity and the inner cavity of the limiting shell; and a check axial flow channel 50, which is formed at the end of the piston core 40 and extends axially, with one end connecting to the inner cavity of the piston core and the other end connecting to the annular cavity; the check radial flow channel 49 and the check axial flow channel 50 intersect in the annular space between the limiting shell 15 and the piston core 40, and cooperate with the check valve structure (such as an elastic valve plate or steel ball) set in the annular space to realize unidirectional flow of fluid in the compression and tension strokes, thereby forming asymmetric damping characteristics.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, when the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly move upward synchronously into the damper's stretching stroke, the fluid pressure difference drives the flow-stopping assembly to move upward until the lower surface of the lower buffer pad 16 contacts the upper end face of the upper end cover 13. At this time, the inner flow channel groove 1301 of the upper end cover is locked, thus preventing the inner flow channel from connecting, and the flow converges to the outer flow channel. At this time, the flow velocity in the flow channel is high, and the basic damping force of the stretching stroke is large. Specifically, the magnetorheological fluid 22 in the upper chamber is squeezed and flows in from the outer flow channel groove 1302 of the upper end cover, flows through the shaping outer flow channel 45, and then flows out from the outer flow channel groove 302 of the lower end cover into the lower chamber. At this time, the coil winding 38 is energized, and the magnetic field is fully covered by the magnetizing design of this invention, thereby achieving a wide range of damping adjustment.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integral flow channel magnetic circuit, characterized in that, The system includes a dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly, an asymmetric damping piston assembly, a damper outer cylinder assembly, a floating piston assembly, and a guide assembly. The asymmetric damping piston assembly is coaxially fixed to the top of the upper end cap of the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly via a piston rod. The dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly forms a coaxial fit with the inner wall of the damper outer cylinder assembly through its outer cylinder guide band, placing the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly and the asymmetric damping piston assembly inside the damper outer cylinder assembly and dividing the internal chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The piston rod passes coaxially through the guide assembly via the upper chamber. The floating piston assembly is coaxially disposed in the lower chamber below the dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly. The dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes two annular damping channels, with a synchronously excited coil winding and a magnetic circuit guiding assembly for magnetic field shaping disposed between the two channels. The asymmetric damping piston assembly is provided with a flow-stopping assembly that opens and closes in the direction of motion.

2. The asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly includes a piston core, a piston outer cylinder, an upper end cap, a lower end cap, an inner upper magnetic ring, an inner lower magnetic ring, an outer upper magnetic ring, an outer lower magnetic ring, an inner magnetic isolation ring, an outer magnetic isolation ring, an upper connecting flange for the magnetic ring, a lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring, an upper magnetic isolation ring, a lower magnetic isolation ring, and a coil winding; the piston core is coaxially disposed on the upper end of the lower end cap; the lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring is coaxially disposed on the upper end of the lower end cap and positioned outside the piston core; the outer lower magnetic ring and the inner lower magnetic ring are respectively coaxially disposed on the outer and inner surfaces of the boss of the lower connecting flange for the magnetic ring; The internal upper magnetic ring is connected to the internal lower magnetic ring via the internal magnetic isolation ring, and the external upper magnetic ring is connected to the external lower magnetic ring via the external magnetic isolation ring; the coil winding is disposed in the cavity formed by the internal upper magnetic ring, the internal lower magnetic ring, the external upper magnetic ring, the external lower magnetic ring, the internal magnetic isolation ring, the external magnetic isolation ring, the lower connecting flange of the magnetic ring, and the upper connecting flange of the magnetic ring; the upper magnetic isolation ring and the lower magnetic isolation ring are respectively disposed in the magnetic isolation ring grooves of the upper connecting flange of the magnetic ring and the lower connecting flange of the magnetic ring; the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively fixed at the upper and lower ends of the piston outer cylinder.

3. The asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner surface of the piston outer cylinder forms a shaping outer flow channel with the outer surfaces of the outer upper magnetic ring, the outer magnetic isolation ring, and the outer lower magnetic ring; the outer surface of the piston core forms a shaping inner flow channel A with the inner surface of the inner lower magnetic ring, the outer surface of the piston core forms a shaping inner flow channel B with the inner surface of the inner magnetic isolation ring, and the outer surface of the piston core forms a shaping inner flow channel C with the inner surface of the inner upper magnetic ring.

4. The asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross-sections of the shaping inner flow channels A and C are streamlined with a large radius in the middle and small radii at both ends.

5. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the lower end cover and the upper end cover are provided with circumferentially arrayed through flow channel grooves, including an inner flow channel groove in the lower end cover, an outer flow channel groove in the lower end cover, an inner flow channel groove in the upper end cover, and an outer flow channel groove in the upper end cover.

6. The asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The asymmetric damping piston assembly includes a flow-stopping component, a limiting shell, and a fixing screw; the limiting shell is fixedly connected to the upper end cover of the dual-flow-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly by the fixing screw, and the flow-stopping component is constrained in the cavity formed by the inner surface of the limiting shell, the outer surface of the piston rod, and the upper end face of the upper end cover; the limiting shell is provided with a circumferentially arrayed through-flow-stopping channel groove.

7. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The flow-stopping assembly includes a lower buffer pad, an upper buffer pad, a lower guide cover, an upper guide cover, a guide copper ring, a combined seal A, a combined seal B, a fastening screw, and a fastening nut; the lower buffer pad, the lower guide cover, the upper guide cover, and the upper buffer pad are coaxially arranged and locked by the fastening screw and the fastening nut; the outer diameter of the lower buffer pad is larger than the outer diameter of the flow channel groove inside the upper end cover; the upper surface of the upper buffer pad is provided with a circumferential array of guide grooves.

8. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The combined seal B is disposed in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the upper guide cover, the combined seal A is disposed in the sealing ring groove on the inner surface of the lower guide cover, and the guide copper ring is disposed in the guide groove formed by the upper guide cover and the lower guide cover; the inner surfaces of the guide copper ring, combined seal A and combined seal B are in contact with the outer surface of the piston rod.

9. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod has a boss at its bottom end, which is located in a groove at the top of the piston core and sealed by a sealing ring A. The piston rod has a stop ring, and the inner surface of the upper end cover has a stop pad. The stop ring and the stop pad cooperate to limit the axial displacement of the piston rod.

10. An asymmetric magnetorheological damper with an integrated flow channel magnetic circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dual-channel magnetic circuit shaping piston assembly also includes an excitation lead, an insulating wire passage groove, a nylon plug, and an external lead; the excitation lead is led out from the coil winding, enters the wire passage groove of the lower end cover through the insulating wire passage groove, and then connects to the nylon plug; the external lead is integrated at the upper end of the nylon plug and then led out through the piston rod.

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