A bidirectional stable electromagnet lock bolt, locking structure and working method

Abstract

The application discloses a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking bolt, a locking structure and a working method, and belongs to the field of automobile locking. The bidirectional stable electromagnet locking bolt comprises a yoke, a framework coaxially fixed in the yoke, and an end cover coaxially riveted at the top end of the yoke. The application further comprises a bistable electromagnet structure and a push rod shaft structure. The bistable electromagnet structure comprises a winding coil coaxially wound on the outer side of the framework and a main permanent magnet assembly coaxially installed in the middle section of the framework. The winding coil is used to drive the push rod shaft structure to extend or retract when powered on. The main permanent magnet assembly is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the winding coil is powered off. The bidirectional stable electromagnet locking bolt, the locking structure and the working method have the comprehensive advantages of fast response speed, zero energy consumption maintenance after power failure, compact structure, wear resistance, and fault power failure parking redundancy safety protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive locking technology, and in particular to a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin, locking structure, and working method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous acceleration of automotive electrification and intelligence, brake-by-wire systems have become a core focus of research and application in the automotive braking field. Among them, electromechanical braking systems (EMB), as the ultimate technology of brake-by-wire, completely abandon traditional hydraulic and pneumatic transmission components and adopt motor-driven brake actuators, possessing core advantages such as fast response speed, high control precision, compact structure, and high integration. The parking function of the EMB system relies on a parking lock pin, such as the parking lock mechanism for an electromechanical brake actuator disclosed in 202410306688X. This type of mechanism can generate electromagnetic driving force in milliseconds after being energized, quickly driving the pin to extend or retract, completing the parking lock and unlock actions. At the same time, it eliminates the transmission components such as gears and linkages of traditional mechanical locks, significantly reducing mechanical friction and wear, effectively extending the service life of the mechanism, and its reliability under frequent vehicle start-stop conditions is far superior to that of traditional mechanical lock structures.

[0003] However, existing electromagnetic parking lock mechanisms require continuous power to maintain the locked state, resulting in high energy consumption and heat generation, which significantly increases the thermal management pressure on the vehicle. Conventional motor self-locking solutions also rely on continuous power to maintain the lock, leading to prominent heat generation issues that affect the service life of the mechanism and reduce the safety and stability of the parking system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin, locking structure, and working method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin, including a yoke, a frame coaxially fixed inside the yoke, and an end cap coaxially riveted to the top of the yoke. The present invention also includes a bistable electromagnet structure and a push rod shaft structure. The bistable electromagnet structure includes a winding coil coaxially wound on the outside of the frame and a main permanent magnet assembly coaxially built-in and limited in the middle section of the frame. The winding coil is used to drive the push rod shaft structure to extend or retract when energized, and the main permanent magnet assembly is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the winding coil is de-energized.

[0006] Preferably, the push rod shaft structure includes a moving iron core that is axially slidably disposed within the frame, and a top galvanized iron strip and a bottom galvanized iron strip that are riveted to the upper and lower ends of the moving iron core, respectively. The top galvanized iron strip is coaxially disposed on the inner side of the top stationary iron core, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the top stationary iron core. The top stationary iron core is riveted into the middle hole of the end cap. The bottom galvanized iron strip is coaxially set inside the bottom stationary iron core, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the bottom stationary iron core. The bottom stationary iron core is riveted into the center machined hole at the bottom end of the yoke.

[0007] Preferably, the contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, are machined with raised and recessed textures to increase the riveting pressure of the contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core.

[0008] Preferably, a redundant permanent magnet is also bonded to the top of the top galvanized iron strip, which is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the main permanent magnet assembly fails.

[0009] Preferably, the main permanent magnet assembly includes four sector-shaped permanent magnets evenly distributed in a circumferential array, with the center of the circle formed by the four sector-shaped permanent magnets coinciding with the central axis of the moving iron core.

[0010] Preferably, the winding coil is welded to the terminal via a lead wire, and the terminal is fixed to the top of the frame via a barbed structure.

[0011] Preferably, the main permanent magnet assembly is positioned and installed in the middle groove of the frame and fixed with high-temperature tape.

[0012] A locking structure includes a bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin and a locking disc fixed on a motor shaft, wherein the bottom end of the bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin is aligned with a locking hole on the locking disc.

[0013] A method for operating a locking structure includes a locking method, an unlocking method, and a redundancy protection method; The locking method involves the following steps: a locking pulse signal is supplied to the winding coil, which generates an axial electromagnetic driving force. This force drives the moving iron core in the push rod shaft structure to move the bottom white iron bar downwards axially, causing the bottom white iron bar to insert into the locking hole of the locking disc, thus completing the parking lock. Subsequently, the power supply to the winding coil is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly forms a closed permanent magnet circuit. The permanent magnet holding force keeps the push rod shaft structure in the locked extended state. The unlocking method involves the following steps: an unlocking pulse signal is supplied to the winding coil, which generates a reverse axial electromagnetic driving force. This electromagnetic driving force overcomes the permanent magnet holding force of the main permanent magnet assembly, driving the moving iron core to move the bottom white iron bar upward axially, causing the bottom white iron bar to exit the locking hole of the locking disc, thus completing the parking unlocking. Subsequently, the power supply to the winding coil is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly forms a closed permanent magnet circuit again, using the permanent magnet holding force to keep the push rod shaft structure in the unlocked retracted state. The redundancy protection method steps are as follows: When the main permanent magnet assembly is abnormal, the redundant permanent magnets on the top galvanized iron strip form a redundant permanent magnet circuit to help maintain the locked extension state of the push rod shaft structure.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention, employing the above-mentioned bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin, locking structure, and working method, has the following beneficial effects: 1. Bistable zero-energy consumption maintenance, energy saving and low heat generation: Relying on the main permanent magnet components to form closed permanent magnet circuits in the locking and unlocking positions respectively, power is only applied momentarily during switching. After power is cut off, the locking / unlocking state can be stably maintained by the permanent magnet force. There is no need for continuous power supply, resulting in low energy consumption and low heat generation of the mechanism, thus reducing the thermal management load of the whole vehicle. 2. Rapid action response and high control precision: When a pulse electrical signal is applied to the winding coil, electromagnetic driving force is quickly generated, driving the push rod shaft structure to extend and retract axially in milliseconds, realizing rapid locking and unlocking. The response speed is fast and the action is precise, which is suitable for the control requirements of the linear control braking EMB system. 3. Robust connection structure and long service life: The top and bottom galvanized iron bars and the connection end of the moving iron core adopt knurling process to improve the riveting clamping force. The three are fixedly connected into a push rod shaft structure, which is free from loosening and movement. At the same time, it eliminates the gear and linkage transmission components of traditional mechanical locking, greatly reducing mechanical friction and wear, and is suitable for the frequent start and stop conditions of vehicles, significantly improving reliability and service life. 4. It has fault redundancy protection and high parking safety: The redundant permanent magnet in the locking position can form an independent redundant permanent magnet circuit. When the whole vehicle is powered off, the controller fails or the main permanent magnet component is abnormal, it can still help strengthen the attraction and holding force between the moving iron core and the bottom stationary iron core, maintain the parking lock state, and avoid the safety hazards of brake failure. 5. Coaxial integrated layout, compact structure and strong adaptability: The whole adopts a coaxial arrangement of yoke, frame, end cover, moving iron core and galvanized iron bar. The main permanent magnet component is built-in limit and installed in the middle of the frame. The layout is neat and compact with high integration, which is convenient for arrangement and assembly in the narrow space of the brake actuator. 6. Stable motion guidance and smooth operation without jamming: The top and bottom galvanized iron bars are coaxially fitted with the corresponding top and bottom stationary iron cores with clearance and reserved sliding allowance. The axial sliding guidance is good, the extension and retraction of the push rod shaft is smooth, and it is not easy to have uneven wear or jamming faults.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a radial cross-sectional view of the middle section of the skeleton of a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a top view of a locking structure according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure Labels 1. Terminal; 2. Frame; 3. Winding coil; 4. Main permanent magnet assembly; 5. Top galvanized iron bar; 6. Top stationary iron core; 7. End cap; 8. Yoke; 9. Moving iron core; 10. Bottom stationary iron core; 11. Bottom galvanized iron bar; 12. Redundant permanent magnet; 13. Locking disc; 14. Locking hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps or units, not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, product, or device.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a bidirectional stable electromagnet locking pin includes a yoke 8, a frame 2 coaxially fixed inside the yoke 8, and an end cap 7 coaxially riveted to the top of the yoke 8. The invention also includes a bistable electromagnet structure and a push rod shaft structure. The bistable electromagnet structure includes a winding coil 3 coaxially wound on the outside of the frame 2 and a main permanent magnet assembly 4 coaxially built-in and limited in the middle section of the frame 2. The winding coil 3 is used to drive the push rod shaft structure to extend or retract when energized. The main permanent magnet assembly 4 is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the winding coil 3 is de-energized.

[0022] The push rod shaft structure includes a moving iron core 9 axially slidably disposed within the frame 2, and a top white iron strip 5 and a bottom white iron strip 11 riveted to the upper and lower ends of the moving iron core 9, respectively. The top white iron strip 5 is coaxially disposed inside the top stationary iron core 6, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the top stationary iron core 6. The top stationary iron core 6 is riveted into the middle hole of the end cover 7. The bottom white iron strip 11 is coaxially disposed inside the bottom stationary iron core 10, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the bottom stationary iron core 10. The bottom stationary iron core 10 is riveted into the center machined hole at the bottom end of the yoke 8.

[0023] The contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip 5 and the moving iron core 9, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip 11 and the moving iron core 9, are machined with raised and recessed textures to increase the riveting pressure of the contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip 5 and the moving iron core 9, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip 11 and the moving iron core 9.

[0024] Preferably, a redundant permanent magnet 12 is also bonded to the top of the top galvanized iron strip 5, which is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the main permanent magnet assembly fails.

[0025] The main permanent magnet assembly 4 includes four sector-shaped permanent magnets evenly distributed in a circumferential array, and the center of the circle formed by the four sector-shaped permanent magnets coincides with the central axis of the moving iron core 9.

[0026] The winding coil 3 is welded to the terminal 1 via a lead wire, and the terminal 1 is fixed to the top of the frame 2 via a barbed structure.

[0027] The main permanent magnet assembly 4 is positioned and installed in the middle groove of the frame 2 and fixed with high-temperature tape.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, a locking structure includes a bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin and a locking disc 13 fixed on a motor shaft. The bottom end of the bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin, a white iron strip 11, is aligned with the locking hole 14 on the locking disc 13.

[0029] A method for operating a locking structure includes a locking method, an unlocking method, and a redundancy protection method; The locking method involves the following steps: a locking pulse signal is supplied to the winding coil 3, which generates an axial electromagnetic driving force. This force drives the moving iron core 9 in the push rod shaft structure to move the bottom white iron strip 11 axially downward, so that the bottom white iron strip 11 is inserted into the locking hole 14 of the locking disc 13, thus completing the parking lock. Subsequently, the power supply to the winding coil 3 is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly 4 forms a closed permanent magnet circuit. The permanent magnet holding force keeps the push rod shaft structure in the locked extended state, achieving zero-energy-consumption locking and holding when the power is off.

[0030] It should be noted that in the locked position, the push rod shaft structure is in the locked extended position, the winding coil 3 is de-energized, the lower end of the moving iron core 9 is tightly fitted with the bottom stationary iron core 10, and the bottom white iron strip 11 is inserted into the locking hole 14 of the locking disc 13. At this time, the soft magnetic components such as the moving iron core 9 and the bottom stationary iron core 10 are passively magnetized in the closed magnetic circuit, and the lower end of the moving iron core 9 and the bottom stationary iron core 10 form opposite magnetic poles that attract each other; the permanent magnetic force of the main permanent magnet assembly 4 continuously maintains the magnetic circuit closure, firmly locking the push rod shaft structure in the locked extended state, achieving zero-energy-consumption locking and holding when power is off.

[0031] The unlocking method steps are as follows: An unlocking pulse electrical signal is supplied to the winding coil 3. The winding coil 3 is energized and generates a reverse axial electromagnetic driving force. This electromagnetic driving force overcomes the permanent magnet holding force of the main permanent magnet assembly 4 and drives the moving iron core 9 to move the bottom white iron bar 11 upward axially, so that the bottom white iron bar 11 exits the locking hole 14 of the locking disc 13, completing the parking unlocking; then the power supply to the winding coil 3 is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly 4 forms a closed permanent magnet circuit again. The permanent magnet holding force keeps the push rod shaft structure in the unlocked retracted state, realizing zero-energy unlocking and holding when the power is off; It should be noted that in the unlocked position, the push rod shaft structure is in the unlocked retracted position, the winding coil 3 is de-energized, the upper end of the moving iron core 9 is tightly fitted with the top stationary iron core 6, and the bottom white iron strip 11 is disengaged from the locking hole 14 of the locking disc 13. At this time, the soft magnetic components such as the moving iron core 9 and the top stationary iron core 6 are passively magnetized in the closed magnetic circuit, and the upper end of the moving iron core 9 and the top stationary iron core 6 form opposite magnetic poles that attract each other; the permanent magnetic force of the main permanent magnet assembly 4 continuously maintains the magnetic circuit closure, firmly locking the push rod shaft structure in the unlocked retracted state, achieving zero-energy unlocking retention when power is off.

[0032] The redundancy protection method steps are as follows: When the main permanent magnet assembly 4 is abnormal, the redundant permanent magnet 12 on the top white iron strip 5 forms a redundant permanent magnet circuit to help maintain the locking extension state of the push rod shaft structure and ensure that the parking lock function remains effective.

[0033] When the main permanent magnet assembly 4 malfunctions, the push rod shaft structure is in the locked extended position, and the redundant permanent magnet 12 on the top galvanized iron bar 5 is in close contact with the top stationary iron core 6. At this time, the redundant permanent magnet circuit does not rely on the winding power supply and the main permanent magnet assembly 4, and can independently further magnetize and attract the moving iron core 9 and the bottom stationary iron core 10, assisting in strengthening the locking force. This ensures that even in the event of system failure, the push rod shaft structure remains in the locked extended position, the bottom galvanized iron bar 11 does not retract from the locking hole 14, and the parking lock function remains effective.

[0034] Tests conducted using the structure and method described in this invention revealed that the bottom galvanized iron strip can stably maintain a vibration of 30g without displacement when the power is off, thus verifying the effectiveness of this invention.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin, comprising a yoke, a frame coaxially fixed inside the yoke, and an end cap coaxially riveted to the top of the yoke, characterized in that: It also includes a bistable electromagnet structure and a push rod shaft structure. The bistable electromagnet structure includes a winding coil coaxially wound on the outside of the frame and a main permanent magnet assembly coaxially built-in and limited in the middle of the frame. The winding coil is used to drive the push rod shaft structure to extend or retract when energized, and the main permanent magnet assembly is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the winding coil is de-energized.

2. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod shaft structure includes a moving iron core that is axially slidably disposed in the frame, and a top white iron strip and a bottom white iron strip that are riveted to the upper and lower ends of the moving iron core respectively. The top white iron strip is coaxially disposed on the inner side of the top stationary iron core, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the top stationary iron core. The top stationary iron core is riveted into the middle hole of the end cap. The bottom galvanized iron strip is coaxially set inside the bottom stationary iron core, and there is an axial sliding allowance between it and the bottom stationary iron core. The bottom stationary iron core is riveted into the center machined hole at the bottom end of the yoke.

3. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, are machined with raised and recessed textures to increase the riveting pressure on the contact sides of the top galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core, as well as the contact sides of the bottom galvanized iron strip and the moving iron core.

4. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the galvanized iron strip is also attached with a redundant permanent magnet, which is used to maintain the extension or retraction state of the push rod shaft structure when the main permanent magnet assembly fails.

5. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main permanent magnet assembly includes four sector-shaped permanent magnets evenly distributed in a circumferential array, with the center of the circle formed by the four sector-shaped permanent magnets coinciding with the central axis of the moving iron core.

6. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The winding coil is welded to the terminal via lead wires, and the terminal is fixed to the top of the frame via a barbed structure.

7. The bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main permanent magnet assembly is positioned and installed in the middle groove of the frame and secured with high-temperature tape.

8. A locking structure, characterized in that: It includes the bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin as described in any one of claims 5-7 and the locking disc fixed on the motor shaft, wherein the bottom end of the bidirectional stabilizing electromagnet locking pin is aligned with the locking hole on the locking disc.

9. The working method of the locking structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: This includes locking methods, unlocking methods, and redundancy protection methods; The locking method involves the following steps: a locking pulse signal is supplied to the winding coil, which generates an axial electromagnetic driving force. This force drives the moving iron core in the push rod shaft structure to move the bottom white iron bar downwards axially, causing the bottom white iron bar to insert into the locking hole of the locking disc, thus completing the parking lock. Subsequently, the power supply to the winding coil is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly forms a closed permanent magnet circuit. The permanent magnet holding force keeps the push rod shaft structure in the locked extended state. The unlocking method involves the following steps: an unlocking pulse signal is supplied to the winding coil, which generates a reverse axial electromagnetic driving force. This electromagnetic driving force overcomes the permanent magnet holding force of the main permanent magnet assembly, driving the moving iron core to move the bottom white iron bar upward axially, causing the bottom white iron bar to exit the locking hole of the locking disc, thus completing the parking unlocking. Subsequently, the power supply to the winding coil is cut off, and the main permanent magnet assembly forms a closed permanent magnet circuit again, using the permanent magnet holding force to keep the push rod shaft structure in the unlocked retracted state. The redundancy protection method steps are as follows: When the main permanent magnet assembly is abnormal, the redundant permanent magnets on the top galvanized iron strip form a redundant permanent magnet circuit to help maintain the locked extension state of the push rod shaft structure.

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