Roof support structure, roof and smelting furnace

Abstract

The application provides a furnace top support structure, a furnace top and a smelting furnace, and relates to the technical field of smelting equipment. The furnace top support structure comprises a support beam, cooling elements and cooling pipelines. The support beam is connected with the cooling elements. The cooling elements are corrosion-resistant elements. The cooling elements are arranged along the extension direction of the support beam. The bottom surfaces of all the cooling elements jointly form a hot surface suitable for covering the furnace cavity of the smelting furnace. The bottom surface of the support beam comprises an exposed surface opposite to the hot surface. The hot surface is located below the exposed surface to completely shield the exposed surface. The cooling elements can deform relative to the furnace cavity of the smelting furnace when the temperature of the furnace cavity of the smelting furnace changes. The cooling elements have cooling channels. The cooling pipelines are matched with the cooling channels and are suitable for being filled with a cooling medium to exchange heat with the cooling elements. The application can meet the use requirements of smelting equipment in a large-span, high-temperature and strong-corrosion environment, has good stability and high safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smelting equipment technology, and in particular to a furnace top support structure, a furnace top, and a smelting furnace. Background Technology

[0002] The furnace top of the smelting equipment is subjected to a high temperature of about 1200℃ to 1600℃, which is formed by the combined effects of the exothermic reaction of smelting, the radiation of fuel combustion, and the conduction of high-temperature materials. The temperature will fluctuate by several hundred degrees Celsius with the cyclical operation of smelting. At the same time, the furnace top support structure also has to face the chemical erosion of complex components in the flue gas produced by smelting and the physical scouring of dust particles.

[0003] To meet the requirements for supporting large-span furnace roofs under complex operating conditions in large-scale smelting equipment, brick-suspended support structures and H-shaped steel water jacket support structures have been adopted in related technologies. However, these two types of furnace roof support structures have the following problems in practical applications:

[0004] 1. During long-term operation, repeated temperature fluctuations in the brick-type suspended support structure can cause thermal shock damage to the bricks, resulting in cracks, peeling, or even breakage. The upper suspension and main support steel structure components are directly exposed to high-temperature flue gas and are corroded or melted, causing local collapse and thus destroying the stability of the overall support structure. 2. The H-shaped steel water jacket support structure incorporates water cooling technology, but the thermal shock effect caused by flue gas scouring and temperature fluctuations during the production process can lead to the detachment of the castable material. The steel structural components are scoured and corroded by high-temperature flue gas, causing water seepage or leakage accidents, which poses a significant safety risk. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention proposes a furnace top support structure that can meet the usage requirements of smelting equipment in large-span, high-temperature, and highly corrosive environments, and has good stability and high safety.

[0007] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a furnace top.

[0008] Another aspect of the present invention provides a smelting furnace.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a furnace top support structure includes a support beam, a cooling element, and a cooling pipe. The support beam is connected to the cooling element, which is a corrosion-resistant component. At least one cooling element is arranged along the extension direction of the support beam. The bottom surfaces of all the cooling elements together form a hot surface suitable for sealing the furnace cavity of a smelting furnace. The bottom surface of the support beam includes an exposed surface opposite to the hot surface, which is located below to completely cover the exposed surface. The cooling element is deformable relative to the furnace cavity when the furnace cavity temperature changes. The cooling element has a cooling channel, and the cooling pipe is fitted into the cooling channel and adapted to introduce a cooling medium for heat exchange with the cooling element.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top support structure is a composite support structure constructed by the cooperation of support beams, cooling elements, and cooling pipes. The cooling elements are corrosion-resistant components, and their number can be matched according to the specifications of the support beams to meet the furnace top support requirements of smelting equipment with different spans. All cooling elements can separate the support beams from the furnace cavity to prevent large areas of the support beams from being exposed to high-temperature flue gas. The cooling pipes, after being circulated with a cooling medium, can exchange heat with the cooling elements to rapidly dissipate the heat borne by the hot surfaces, ensuring that the cooling elements themselves remain within a stable mechanical performance range, thereby cooling the support beams and preventing heat conduction due to high temperatures. This invention addresses the issue of reduced stiffness and strength of the supporting beams. Simultaneously, the cooling elements can deform relative to the furnace cavity when the furnace temperature changes. This buffers the impact stress generated by thermal expansion and contraction under conditions of frequent furnace start-ups and shutdowns and drastic temperature fluctuations, reducing thermal shock damage to the cooling elements from high-temperature flue gas. Therefore, the furnace top support structure as a whole possesses excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and strength stability, enabling long-term use in complex conditions of large-scale smelting equipment. Thus, compared to related technologies, this invention meets the usage requirements of smelting equipment in large-span, high-temperature, and highly corrosive environments, exhibiting good stability and high safety.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cooling element is one of a copper cooling element, a stainless steel cooling element, and a titanium alloy cooling element.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cooling channels of any two adjacent cooling elements are arranged in series or in parallel.

[0013] In some embodiments, each of the cooling elements has at least one cooling channel arranged at intervals on the cooling element, and each cooling pipe has at least one cooling channel corresponding to a cooling channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cooling element is detachably connected to the support beam.

[0015] In some embodiments, the supporting beam is an arched beam, and the exposed surface is an arc-shaped surface; The bottom surface and the hot surface of the cooling element are both arc-shaped and recessed toward the support beam, and the hot surface and the exposed surface are concentric.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling element includes an upper connecting portion and a lower shielding portion connected to each other, and at least one of the upper connecting portion and the lower shielding portion is provided with the cooling channel; The support beam includes a first arched steel plate and a second arched steel plate arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the support beam. The bottom surfaces of the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate together form the bottom surface of the support beam. The cooling element is located between the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate. The upper connecting portion is connected to and in surface contact with each of the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate. The lower shielding portion located below the exposed surface shields the exposed surface.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a furnace roof includes the support structure described in any of the above embodiments.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top is designed as a composite support structure consisting of support beams, cooling elements and cooling pipes. It has good high temperature resistance and strong structural stability. Therefore, compared with related technologies, the furnace top using this support structure can be used for a long time under complex working conditions of large-scale smelting equipment with low safety risks.

[0019] In some embodiments, the support structure is at least one and arranged at intervals, and a refractory material layer is provided between any two adjacent support structures.

[0020] A smelting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body and a furnace top, the furnace body having a furnace cavity with a top opening; the furnace top is the furnace top described in any of the above embodiments, and the furnace top is connected to the furnace body to cover the top opening of the furnace cavity.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top is designed as a furnace top structure that reliably covers the furnace cavity using a support structure. This can meet the long-term use requirements of large-scale smelting equipment under complex operating conditions. Therefore, compared with related technologies, the smelting furnace using this furnace top can ensure performance and improve work safety.

[0022] In some embodiments, the furnace body includes a wall that surrounds and forms the furnace cavity, and the furnace top is connected to the top surface of the wall; The smelting furnace also includes limiting beams, which are detachably connected to the top surface of the wall. There are two limiting beams, which are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the support structure on the furnace top. The limiting beams are used to limit the support structure in the extension direction of the support structure.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a brick-suspended support structure in the existing technology.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the H-shaped steel water jacket support structure in the existing technology.

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the furnace top support structure, wall and limiting beam according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace top structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure label: 10. Furnace top; 100. Supporting structure; 200. Refractory material layer; 1. Support beam; 11. Exposed surface; 12. First arched steel plate; 13. Second arched steel plate; 2. Cooling element; 21. Bottom surface of cooling element; 22. Cooling channel; 23. Upper connecting part; 24. Lower shielding part; 3. Cooling pipes; 4. Hot noodles; 5. Walls; 6. Limiting beam. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that as smelting technology continues to upgrade towards higher strength and performance, smelting equipment faces comprehensive challenges in terms of ultra-high temperature, complex working conditions, and large size. The trend of larger smelting equipment has increased the furnace span from the traditional 5m to 10m or even more, and the furnace top support structure needs to ensure the rigidity and strength under large span.

[0033] In related technologies, to meet the requirements for large-span furnace roof support under complex operating conditions of large-scale smelting equipment, the following two furnace roof support structures are adopted: 1) Brick-supported hanging structure A brick-supported hanging structure typically consists of high-temperature resistant and erosion-resistant bricks at the bottom, with the upper part consisting of a combination of steel structural components such as hooks, hanging beams, hanging rods, and support beams. Its structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this support structure is widely used in small smelting equipment. It can be used at high temperatures of around 1600℃ by relying on the high temperature resistance of the bricks. However, the stability of this support structure has significant drawbacks.

[0034] During the smelting process, the temperature inside the smelting equipment fluctuates with the process cycle, with fluctuations reaching hundreds of degrees Celsius. Therefore, the thermal shock resistance of the bricks under the supporting structure is required to be high. However, repeated temperature fluctuations during long-term operation will inevitably cause thermal shock damage to the bricks, causing cracks, spalling, and even breakage. After losing the protection of the lower layer of high-temperature resistant bricks, the upper hanging and main supporting steel structure components are directly exposed to high-temperature flue gas. The yield strength of the steel structure components decreases significantly with increasing temperature, and thermoplastic deformation continues to intensify. At the same time, corrosive media such as SO2 contained in the high-temperature flue gas easily react with the steel surface, inducing and aggravating the high-temperature corrosion effect, reducing the service life of the structure. Under high temperatures above 600°C, the load-bearing capacity of the main load-bearing steel structure components will deteriorate sharply, and even sudden failure may occur, directly threatening the overall stability of the structure.

[0035] In addition, the lower part of the support structure is composed of several bricks, which lack effective restraint in the lateral direction. There are gaps between the bricks, and as the span increases and the number of bricks increases, the number of gaps will inevitably increase. When the flue gas or flames in the furnace escape or burst out from the gaps, the upper hooks of the support structure will be quickly corroded or melted, causing local collapse and thus destroying the stability of the overall support structure.

[0036] Therefore, the support structure is not compact enough, has many components, a huge layout, occupies a lot of space on the top of the smelting equipment furnace, is difficult to inspect and maintain, and the large number of hanging structures also makes the installation process complicated and requires a high level of skill from the installation workers.

[0037] 2) H-beam steel water jacket support structure The H-beam steel water jacket support structure incorporates water cooling technology, which can better adapt to the high-temperature environment at the furnace top. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, three main steel plates are welded together to form an H-shaped frame structure. The upper space stores water, the lower space is filled with rammed refractory, and the top is covered by a cover plate to reduce moisture evaporation. This support structure can better withstand high temperatures, but its own safety is a significant concern.

[0038] The lower box of the H-shaped steel water jacket support structure is filled with castable refractory. In the initial stages of operation of the smelting equipment, this prevents large areas of the steel structural components from being exposed to flue gas. However, as the flue gas erosion and thermal shock effects from temperature fluctuations accumulate during production, the castable refractory may detach. At this point, the core supporting steel structural components will be directly exposed to the erosion and corrosion of the high-temperature flue gas. Under water cooling protection, the core mechanical properties of the steel structural components, such as yield strength, can maintain more than 80% of their room temperature state, preventing high-temperature softening. The structural load-bearing capacity and deformation control are good. However, the strong cooling effect can lead to dew point corrosion. Once corrosion points appear on the surface of the steel structural components in contact with the flue gas, it can cause water seepage or leakage, posing a significant safety risk.

[0039] In addition, to construct its H-shaped frame structure, there must be at least four continuous welds between the middle horizontal steel plate and the two side vertical plates. Under high temperature and temperature fluctuation conditions, cracks are prone to appear at the welds, and the erosion of corrosive fumes will also accelerate the expansion of cracks, thus causing leakage accidents.

[0040] Meanwhile, the support structure is equipped with a top cover to prevent cooling water evaporation. However, for the sake of convenient daily inspection, the cover is simply placed on top of the water tank, resulting in poor sealing. Furthermore, during inspections with the cover open, acidic components of the flue gas escaping from the furnace top environment dissolve in the cooling water, thus corroding the steel structural components from the inside and shortening the overall lifespan of the support structure. Flue gas dust and powder particles entering the water tank from the furnace top also accelerate scaling, thereby affecting the overall cooling effect.

[0041] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the furnace top support structure in the related technology, the present invention proposes a furnace top support structure with excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and strength stability, which can be used for a long time under the complex working conditions of large-scale smelting equipment.

[0042] like Figure 4As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a furnace top support structure, including a support beam 1, a cooling element 2, and a cooling pipe 3. The support beam 1 is connected to the cooling element 2, which is a corrosion-resistant component. There are at least one cooling element 2 arranged along the extension direction of the support beam 1. The bottom surfaces 21 of all cooling elements together form a hot surface 4 suitable for sealing the furnace cavity of the smelting furnace. The bottom surface of the support beam 1 includes an exposed surface 11 opposite to the hot surface 4. The hot surface 4 is located below the exposed surface 11 to completely cover the exposed surface 11. The cooling element 2 can deform relative to the furnace cavity when the furnace cavity temperature changes. The cooling element 2 has a cooling channel 22, and the cooling pipe 3 is fitted to the cooling channel 22 and is adapted to introduce a cooling medium for heat exchange with the cooling element 2.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top support structure is a composite support structure constructed by the cooperation of support beams 1, cooling elements 2, and cooling pipes 3. The cooling elements 2 are corrosion-resistant components, and their number can be matched according to the specifications of the support beams 1 to meet the support requirements of furnace tops 10 of smelting equipment with different spans. All cooling elements 2 can separate the support beams 1 from the furnace cavity to prevent the support beams 1 from being exposed to high-temperature flue gas over a large area. The cooling pipes 3, after being circulated with a cooling medium, can exchange heat with the cooling elements 2 to quickly dissipate the heat borne by the hot surface 4, ensuring that the cooling elements 2 themselves remain within the stable range of mechanical properties, thereby cooling the support beams 1. To avoid the decrease in stiffness and strength of the support beam 1 due to high temperature, and to ensure that the cooling element 2 can deform relative to the furnace cavity when the furnace cavity temperature changes, thus buffering the impact stress generated by thermal expansion and contraction under the conditions of frequent start-up and shutdown of the furnace and drastic temperature fluctuations, and reducing the thermal shock damage of high temperature flue gas to the cooling element 2, the furnace top support structure as a whole has excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and strength stability, and can be used for a long time under the complex working conditions of large-scale smelting equipment. Therefore, compared with related technologies, this invention can meet the usage requirements of smelting equipment in large-span, high-temperature and highly corrosive environments, with good stability and high safety.

[0044] Specifically, the extension direction of the cooling element can be consistent with the extension direction of the support beam. Any two adjacent cooling elements abut against each other. The cooling channel can extend along the extension direction of the cooling element. The cooling pipe can be pre-embedded in the cooling channel of the cooling element through a casting process to ensure a tight connection with the cooling element. The cooling medium is not limited to softened water or deionized water, etc., to reduce the risk of scaling and corrosion damage to the cooling pipe, thereby extending the service life of the cooling pipe.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling element 2 is one of a copper cooling element, a stainless steel cooling element, and a titanium alloy cooling element. In other words, the cooling element can be made of materials such as copper, stainless steel, or titanium alloy to take advantage of the good plasticity, toughness, and corrosion resistance of the aforementioned materials. This allows the cooling element to buffer the impact stress generated by thermal expansion and contraction and reduce thermal shock damage under the conditions of frequent start-up and shutdown of the smelting furnace (or smelting equipment) and drastic temperature fluctuations.

[0046] Preferably, the cooling element is made of copper. The cooling pipe can be made of the same material as the cooling element to ensure compatibility between the cooling pipe and the cooling element under temperature fluctuation conditions, further optimizing the structural performance of the support structure.

[0047] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling channels 22 of any two adjacent cooling elements 2 are arranged in series or in parallel.

[0048] Understandably, by adopting the above structural design, cooling channels can be combined and connected in series or in parallel according to the different operating temperatures of different smelting equipment, thereby more accurately controlling the surface temperature of the supporting structure. At the same time, the flexible combination method can also minimize the heat loss and energy waste caused by excessive cooling while meeting the usage requirements.

[0049] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, each cooling element 2 has at least one cooling channel 22 arranged at intervals on the cooling element 2, and at least one cooling pipe 3 corresponding to the cooling channel 22 one by one, so as to ensure the heat exchange effect of the cooling element and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] For example, as shown in the figure, at least one cooling channel can be arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the cooling element.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling element 2 is detachably connected to the support beam 1 to facilitate disassembly and maintenance in the future, and to ensure the service life of the support structure by replacing only the corresponding component if either the cooling element or the support beam is damaged.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the support beam 1 is an arched beam and the exposed surface 11 is an arc-shaped surface.

[0053] The bottom surface 21 and the hot surface 4 of the cooling element are both arc-shaped and recessed towards the support beam 1. The hot surface 4 and the exposed surface 11 are concentric. That is to say, along the extension direction of the support beam, the lower edge of the copper cooling element is arc-shaped. Several cooling elements with their lower edges arc-shaped are connected to form an arch that is synchronized with the large-span support beam, thus forming a stable mechanical structure.

[0054] Understandably, compared to the brick-suspended support structure of related technologies, the supporting straight beam will generate huge bending moments under large spans, requiring a significant increase in the beam cross-section (such as thickening the web and adding flanges) to improve strength. This not only makes the structure bulky and occupies furnace roof space, but also further exacerbates the insufficiency of mid-span load due to the increased self-weight. The arched beam in this invention can convert part of the vertical load into axial pressure along the arch body. Moreover, after the span increases, only the arch height needs to be slightly adjusted, without excessively increasing the cross-sectional size, achieving a balance of "large span + lightweight". It optimizes the load transfer path and can meet the requirements of large span deformation.

[0055] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling element 2 includes an upper connecting portion 23 and a lower shielding portion 24 connected to each other. At least one of the upper connecting portion 23 and the lower shielding portion 24 is provided with a cooling channel 22. In other words, the cooling channel can be formed in the upper connecting portion; or, the cooling channel can be formed in the lower shielding portion; or, the cooling channel can be formed in both the upper connecting portion and the lower shielding portion.

[0056] The support beam 1 includes a first arched steel plate 12 and a second arched steel plate 13 spaced apart along the thickness direction of the support beam 1. The bottom surfaces of the first arched steel plate 12 and the second arched steel plate 13 together form the bottom surface of the support beam 1. The cooling element 2 is located between the first arched steel plate 12 and the second arched steel plate 13. The upper connecting part 23 is connected to and in surface contact with each of the first arched steel plate 12 and the second arched steel plate 13 to increase the contact area between the upper connecting part and the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate, thereby improving the connection reliability between the upper connecting part and the support beam. The lower shielding part 24 partially shields the exposed surface 11 located below the exposed surface 11.

[0057] It is understandable that the flue gas inside the furnace of smelting equipment usually contains corrosive gases such as SO2 and NOx, which are prone to forming acidic corrosive media at high temperatures. In this invention, the position that comes into direct contact with the corrosive flue gas inside the furnace is the bottom surface of the lower shield. The arched steel plates of the support beam (i.e., the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate) are recessed in the upper part of the lower shield, which can avoid direct contact with the flue gas.

[0058] Meanwhile, the copper material of the cooling elements has a much better chemical stability against acidic gases than steel, which can significantly reduce the corrosion damage of flue gas to the arched steel plate. At the same time, the continuous cooling of the cooling elements by the cooling medium in the cooling pipe can keep the surface temperature of the arch below 200℃. The acidic corrosive medium is more active at high temperatures (>800℃), and the low temperature environment can significantly reduce its chemical reaction rate with copper. This makes the support structure resistant to flue gas corrosion, improves the reliability of the system, and ensures the long-term and stable operation of the support structure.

[0059] Specifically, the cross-section of the cooling element can be convex ("U"-shaped). In this case, the upper connecting part is the upper portion of the convex cooling element, and the lower shielding part is the lower portion of the convex cooling element. The upper connecting part is completely sandwiched between the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate, while the lower shielding part of the cooling element located on the exposed surface is below the exposed surface and completely shields it. The thickness direction of each of the first and second arched steel plates is consistent with the thickness direction of the supporting beam.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the support structure further includes fasteners, each of the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate having a through hole extending through the arched steel plate along its thickness direction, and one end of the fastener sequentially passing through the through hole of the first arched steel plate and the upper connecting portion to connect with the through hole of the second arched steel plate.

[0061] It is understandable that fasteners can reliably limit the cooling elements to the support beam, so as to avoid the thermal shock effect caused by flue gas scouring and temperature fluctuations, which would cause gaps to form at the joints of adjacent cooling elements, resulting in flue gas or flames escaping or leaping out of the gaps and corroding the support beam, thus compromising the stability of the support structure.

[0062] Specifically, fasteners may be components that provide a fastening effect, such as bolts, screws, or studs. There may be at least one fastener, and they may be staggered on the support beam to further improve the reliability of the connection between the cooling element and the support beam.

[0063] Therefore, compared with related technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: 1) This invention uses a multi-component composite structure to construct a composite support structure, which meets the requirements for use of smelting equipment in large-span, high-temperature, and highly corrosive environments; 2) The structure of the copper cooling element of the present invention can not only ensure its own mechanical properties are stable, but also protect the main supporting steel structure (i.e., the supporting beam) to the greatest extent. 3) The cooling channels of several cooling elements in this invention are flexibly combined in series or parallel, which can meet the requirements of large span, accurately control the temperature, and reduce energy consumption. 4) The large-span arched steel plate of this invention plays the role of main support, and the load of cooling elements is borne by fasteners such as bolts, making the overall support structure compact and easy to install. At the same time, it is easy to expand the system capacity when upgrading the smelting equipment in the future.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a furnace top 10, which includes the support structure 100 of any of the above embodiments.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top 10 is designed as a composite support structure 100 constructed by the cooperation of support beam 1, cooling element 2 and cooling pipe 3. It has good high temperature resistance and strong structural stability. Therefore, compared with related technologies, the furnace top 10 using this support structure 100 can be used for a long time under complex working conditions of large-scale smelting equipment with low safety risk.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, there are at least one support structure 100 arranged at intervals, and a refractory material layer 200 is provided between any two adjacent support structures 100, so that the entire support frame of the furnace roof is built by multiple support structures, and refractory material is filled between the frames to complete the construction of the entire furnace roof.

[0067] It is understood that the support structure of the present invention has the advantages of high compactness and minimalist construction, and has strong expansion flexibility. A single support structure can be used as the core unit, and through N+1 expansion by replicable logic, the support structure of the present invention can be orderly expanded along the linear direction, thereby completing the modular construction of the furnace top.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, a smelting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a furnace body and a furnace top 10. The furnace body has a furnace cavity with a top opening. The furnace top 10 is the furnace top 10 of any of the above embodiments, and the furnace top 10 is connected to the furnace body to cover the top opening of the furnace cavity.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the furnace top 10 is designed as a furnace top 10 structure that reliably covers the furnace cavity using a support structure 100. This can meet the long-term use requirements of large-scale smelting equipment under complex working conditions. Therefore, compared with related technologies, the smelting furnace using this furnace top 10 can ensure performance and improve work safety.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the furnace body includes a wall 5 that surrounds the formed furnace cavity, and the furnace top 10 is connected to the top surface of the wall 5.

[0071] The smelting furnace further includes a limiting beam 6, which is detachably connected to the top surface of the wall body 5. There are two limiting beams 6, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the extending direction of the support structure 100 of the furnace top 10. The limiting beam 6 is used to limit the support structure 100 in the extending direction of the support structure 100.

[0072] It can be understood that the support structure in the present invention only needs to be placed between the limiting beams of the wall body in the smelting furnace, which is convenient for installation.

[0073] Specifically, the furnace body further includes columns, which are connected to the wall body and arranged outside the wall body. There are at least two columns, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the wall body.

[0074] Embodiment 1 In the new low-carbon ironmaking process, an electric furnace is selected as the main smelting equipment to process direct reduced iron. In the embodiment, a 120,000 kVA electric furnace produces 1 million tons of hot metal annually. The temperature of the charged material is about 1000 °C, and the feeding amount is about 162 t / h; the produced hot metal is about 134 t / h, and the temperature is about 1400 °C; the slag produced by the electric furnace is about 30 t / h, and the slag temperature is about 1500 °C; the gas production is about 18300 Nm 3 / h, the CO content is 70 - 90% V%, the flue gas temperature is 1400 - 1500 °C, and the highest flue gas temperature is 1600 °C when the working conditions fluctuate.

[0075] In the embodiment, the furnace top of the electric furnace needs to operate at a high temperature of about 1500 °C for a long time, and it is necessary to ensure that the furnace top of the smelting equipment can still operate safely during the extreme operation at 1600 °C. The width of the furnace top of the electric furnace is 12.2 m, and the length of the furnace top is 33.8 m. In the design, the support structure in the present invention is used as the main skeleton of the furnace top to meet the requirements of the large-span furnace top for stable operation at high temperature. Taking the support structure in the present invention as the main unit, a zigzag arrangement method is adopted to build the entire support skeleton of the furnace top, and refractory materials are filled between the skeletons, thereby completing the construction of the entire furnace top of the electric furnace.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0077] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0078] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0079] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0080] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0081] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A furnace roof support structure, characterized in that, include: The support beam and cooling elements are connected together. The cooling elements are corrosion-resistant and there are at least one cooling element arranged along the extension direction of the support beam. The bottom surfaces of all the cooling elements together form a hot surface suitable for sealing the furnace cavity of the smelting furnace. The bottom surface of the support beam includes an exposed surface opposite to the hot surface. The hot surface is located below the exposed surface to completely cover the exposed surface. The cooling element is capable of deforming relative to the furnace cavity when the furnace cavity temperature changes. The cooling pipe has a cooling channel, and the cooling element has a cooling channel. The cooling pipe is fitted into the cooling channel and is adapted to allow the flow of a cooling medium to exchange heat with the cooling element.

2. The furnace top support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling element is one of copper cooling elements, stainless steel cooling elements, and titanium alloy cooling elements.

3. The furnace top support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling channels of any two adjacent cooling elements are arranged in series or in parallel; And / or, each of the cooling elements has at least one cooling channel arranged at intervals on the cooling element, and the cooling pipe has at least one cooling channel corresponding to each cooling channel.

4. The furnace top support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling element is detachably connected to the support beam.

5. The furnace roof support structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The supporting beam is an arched beam, and the exposed surface is an arc-shaped surface; The bottom surface and the hot surface of the cooling element are both arc-shaped and recessed toward the support beam, and the hot surface and the exposed surface are concentric.

6. The furnace top support structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cooling element includes an upper connecting portion and a lower shielding portion connected to each other, and at least one of the upper connecting portion and the lower shielding portion is provided with the cooling channel; The support beam includes a first arched steel plate and a second arched steel plate arranged at intervals along the thickness direction of the support beam. The bottom surfaces of the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate together form the bottom surface of the support beam. The cooling element is located between the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate. The upper connecting portion is connected to and in surface contact with each of the first arched steel plate and the second arched steel plate. The lower shielding portion located below the exposed surface shields the exposed surface.

7. A furnace roof, characterized in that, The furnace top includes the support structure as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. The furnace top according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support structure is at least one and arranged at intervals, with a refractory material layer between any two adjacent support structures.

9. A smelting furnace, characterized in that, include: A furnace body having a furnace cavity with a top opening; The furnace top, as described in claim 7 or 8, is connected to the furnace body to cover the top opening of the furnace cavity.

10. The smelting furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that, The furnace body includes a wall that surrounds and forms the furnace cavity, and the furnace top is connected to the top surface of the wall; The smelting furnace also includes limiting beams, which are detachably connected to the top surface of the wall. There are two limiting beams, which are respectively located on both sides of the extension direction of the support structure on the furnace top. The limiting beams are used to limit the support structure in the extension direction of the support structure.

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