Deep stratum micro-strain long-term stability enhancement method, device and equipment

Abstract

This application provides a method, apparatus, and device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, relating to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing technology. The method includes: injecting sensing light pulses into a sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the formation to be monitored to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; injecting a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse into the sensing optical fiber according to a preset injection strategy, and recalibrating the received Brillouin scattering signal using the reference pulse; monitoring the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber; and adjusting the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing optical fiber. This method aims to reduce baseline drift caused by creep in the optical fiber due to geological stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of distributed optical fiber sensing technology, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus, and equipment for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep strata. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, distributed optical fiber sensing technology, especially systems based on Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis (BOTDA), has become an important means for long-term monitoring of deformation, micro-strain, and temperature fields in deep formations. BOTDA technology, by detecting the frequency shift and power changes of Brillouin scattered light in optical fibers, can achieve continuous distributed strain and temperature measurements along fiber lengths of several kilometers with spatial resolution down to the meter level. It is suitable for safety monitoring in engineering fields such as mines, oil and gas wells, and geological storage facilities.

[0003] However, when applying the BOTDA system to deep, high-risk strata (such as high-stress coal seams, deep metal mines, and active fault zones), a series of severe challenges are still faced: optical fibers are prone to material creep under long-term continuous geological stress, which causes the sensing baseline to drift slowly, seriously affecting the reliability and accuracy of long-term monitoring data. To address the aforementioned issues, while some localized improvements have emerged in existing technologies—such as armoring optical fibers to enhance their mechanical strength or employing signal averaging to improve the signal-to-noise ratio—these methods often lack a systematic approach and fail to establish a synergistic enhancement mechanism across multiple levels, including fiber materials, protective structures, signal processing, and adaptive control. Especially under long-term service conditions, existing systems still struggle to simultaneously guarantee high survivability, high stability, and high accuracy, failing to meet the stringent reliability and long-term stability requirements for deep-seated strata safety monitoring.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a systematic enhancement method that can significantly improve the long-term monitoring stability and reliability of the BOTDA system in deep and complex geological environments, and fundamentally solve the technical bottleneck of baseline drift caused by fiber optic creep due to geological stress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, apparatus and equipment for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep strata, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and reduce the baseline drift caused by fiber creep due to geological stress.

[0006] Firstly, a method for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations is provided, which may include: For a sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored, a sensing light pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; according to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. Monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and adjust the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

[0007] Secondly, a device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations is provided, which may include: The recalibration module is used to inject sensing light pulses into the sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; according to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. An adjustment module is used to monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and to adjust the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

[0008] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; When a processor executes a program stored in memory, it implements any of the steps described in the first aspect above.

[0009] Fourthly, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of any of the methods described in the first aspect above.

[0010] This application provides a method, apparatus, and device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations. The method involves injecting sensing light pulses into an armored optical fiber in the formation to be monitored to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal. According to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. Mechanical stress data acting on the optical fiber is monitored, and the injection strategy is adjusted based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the optical fiber. In this scheme, the encoded reference pulse has anti-noise interference characteristics, and even in environments with electromagnetic interference in deep formations (such as electromagnetic radiation from drilling operations), it can still improve the signal-to-noise ratio and avoid calibration deviations caused by noise. The sensing optical fiber in the formation to be monitored is equipped with an armored protective structure, which provides a rigid barrier against rock compression and prevents the intrusion of groundwater and chemically corrosive media. Therefore, to address the issues of fiber optic cable breakage and reference pulse susceptibility to noise interference in deep and complex strata (such as high-stress and high-fracture strata), the use of armored protection structures and coded anti-interference enhancement schemes can reduce baseline drift caused by fiber optic cable creep due to geological stress. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, provided as an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art. The words "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The words "comprising" or "including," etc., mean that the element or object preceding the word covers the element or object listed after the word and its equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The words "connected," "coupled," or "connected," etc., are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up," "down," "left," "right," etc., are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0014] Currently, distributed optical fiber sensing technology, especially systems based on Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis (BOTDA), has become an important means for long-term monitoring of deformation, micro-strain, and temperature fields in deep formations. BOTDA technology, by detecting the frequency shift and power changes of Brillouin scattered light in optical fibers, can achieve continuous distributed strain and temperature measurements along fiber lengths of several kilometers with spatial resolution down to the meter level. It is suitable for safety monitoring in engineering fields such as mines, oil and gas wells, and geological storage facilities.

[0015] However, applying the BOTDA system to deep, high-risk strata (such as high-stress coal seams, deep metal mines, and active fault zones) still faces a series of severe challenges: First, optical fibers are prone to material creep under long-term continuous geological stress, which causes the sensing baseline to drift slowly, seriously affecting the reliability and accuracy of long-term monitoring data. Second, the deep geological environment is complex, with factors such as high ground pressure, strong vibration, groundwater corrosion and electromagnetic interference from downhole operations. Ordinary communication optical fibers have insufficient mechanical strength and are prone to breakage or a sharp increase in micro-bending loss, leading to system failure. Third, the reference signal of the traditional BOTDA system is easily affected by environmental noise. In deep environments with high electromagnetic interference, the signal-to-noise ratio drops significantly, further affecting calibration and measurement accuracy.

[0016] To address the aforementioned issues, while some localized improvements have emerged in existing technologies—such as armoring optical fibers to enhance their mechanical strength or employing signal averaging to improve the signal-to-noise ratio—these methods often lack a systematic approach and fail to establish a synergistic enhancement mechanism across multiple levels, including fiber materials, protective structures, signal processing, and adaptive control. Especially under long-term service conditions, existing systems still struggle to simultaneously guarantee high survivability, high stability, and high accuracy, failing to meet the stringent reliability and long-term stability requirements for deep-seated strata safety monitoring.

[0017] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a systematic enhancement method that can significantly improve the long-term monitoring stability and reliability of the BOTDA system in deep and complex geological environments, fundamentally solving the three major technical bottlenecks of fiber creep drift, high vulnerability, and signal susceptibility to interference, thereby providing more reliable technical support for the safe operation of projects such as deep resource mining and geological energy storage.

[0018] The method for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations provided in this application can be applied to electronic devices, terminal devices, devices or equipment for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, or other devices or equipment capable of executing this embodiment, without limitation. This embodiment describes the execution subject as an electronic device. Application scenarios include: monitoring micro-strain in high-stress coalbed methane well formations, and monitoring formation deformation induced by deep metal mining.

[0019] The terminal can be a user equipment (UE) such as a mobile phone, smartphone, laptop computer, digital broadcast receiver, personal digital assistant (PDA), or tablet computer (PAD), handheld device, in-vehicle device, wearable device, computing device, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, mobile station (MS), or mobile terminal. This terminal has the ability to communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (RAN).

[0020] The preferred embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for enhancing the long-term stability of deep formations under micro-strain, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the method may include: Step S101: For the sensing optical fiber with armored protection structure in the stratum to be monitored, a sensing light pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber to obtain the Brillouin scattering signal; according to the preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse.

[0022] For example, this method is implemented based on Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA) technology. For the sensing optical fiber in the stratum to be monitored, it includes an armored protective structure tightly encasing the fiber coating, for example, a metal armor tube (serving as the main load-bearing and sealing structure), and a buffer medium filled between the metal armor tube and the coating. The buffer medium absorbs and disperses external impact and vibration energy, absorbing stratum vibration impacts while preventing the intrusion of groundwater and corrosive media, avoiding direct stress transmission to the fragile fiber core, and reducing the fiber breakage rate. The metal armor tube provides a rigid barrier against rock compression and prevents the intrusion of groundwater and chemically corrosive media. Doping the fiber coating with nano-silica particles can improve its mechanical strength.

[0023] Optionally, the metal armored tube can preferably be made of corrosion-resistant 304 / 316L stainless steel, manufactured through a precision drawing process; the material is not limited. Surface anti-corrosion treatment (such as galvanizing or passivation) is applied. For example, typical structural parameters are: inner diameter 200-300μm, wall thickness 50-80μm; the ends of the metal armored tube are sealed using laser welding to ensure complete watertightness and airtightness of the entire sensing section, suitable for deep, high-pressure, water-bearing formations; the buffer medium can be a silicone buffer layer, etc., and the silicone buffer layer can be made of high-temperature resistant, anti-aging silicone; the filling process of the silicone buffer layer can be vacuum injection, etc., and there are no limitations on the material and filling process of the buffer medium. The fiber optic cable deployment process in the borehole can be coupling with the borehole sleeve, waterproof encapsulation of the armored fiber optic connector, etc., which are only examples here.

[0024] First, the sensing units are deployed. Specially reinforced optical fibers are laid in the deep strata to be monitored (such as coalbed methane wells or metal mine tunnels). These sensing fibers are not ordinary communication fibers, but rather reinforced fibers that have undergone creep-resistant treatment and have an external armor layer. The creep-resistant treatment means that the coating of the sensing fiber includes nano-silica particles. Therefore, this ensures that the sensing fiber has basic survivability and long-term dimensional stability in high-pressure, highly corrosive strata.

[0025] Next, coordinated measurement and calibration are performed. Two optical pulses are injected into the enhanced fiber using a BOTDA device: one is a sensing pulse to excite Brillouin scattering and generate a Brillouin scattering signal; the other is a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse for system calibration. These two pulses can be injected synchronously or alternately according to a preset injection strategy. The sensing pulse acquires strain information distributed along the fiber, while the encoded reference pulse serves as a preset "known benchmark" for real-time inversion of the fiber's transmission state and noise environment. Finally, the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse.

[0026] Optionally, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse can be injected into the sensing fiber. Besides m-sequences, pseudo-random encoding can also use Gold codes, Barker codes, or other codes with good autocorrelation properties; there are no limitations on this. Furthermore, the encoding length, modulation method (such as BPSK), and demodulation algorithm can be pre-set to improve anti-interference robustness.

[0027] Step S102: Monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and adjust the injection strategy according to the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

[0028] For example, monitoring the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber serves as environmental stress feedback. Sensors (such as micro-strain gauges) are integrated into the armored protective layer to monitor in real-time data on the direct impact of mechanical stresses, such as those from formation compression and vibration, on the protective layer. This mechanical stress data reflects the severity of the real-time physical environment in which the optical fiber operates.

[0029] Based on mechanical stress data, dynamic adaptive processing is performed. On one hand, the Brillouin scattering measurement signal is digitally calibrated in real time using the response signal of the reference pulse, effectively suppressing baseline drift caused by fiber aging and temperature changes. On the other hand, the injection strategy of the reference pulse is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time acquired mechanical stress data. For example, the injection strategy includes injection parameters (such as frequency and power). For instance, when stratum activity intensifies, the electronic equipment automatically increases the calibration frequency to cope with the faster signal degradation trend, thereby maintaining the long-term stability and reliability of the monitoring system in complex environments.

[0030] Optionally, the injection parameters of the reference pulse can be dynamically adjusted, specifically implemented as a threshold triggering mechanism: the electronic device presets a mechanical stress threshold (e.g., a strain value of 1500 microstrains). When the real-time mechanical stress data fed back by the health monitoring module exceeds this mechanical stress threshold, the electronic device determines that it is currently in a high-stress risk state, and then sends a command to the pulse transmission module in the electronic device to increase the injection frequency of the reference pulse, for example, from once per minute in normal mode to 10 times per minute, thereby achieving more intensive system self-calibration to cope with accelerated signal degradation.

[0031] The method provided in this application involves injecting sensing light pulses into a sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored, thereby obtaining a Brillouin scattering signal. According to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. Mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber is monitored, and the injection strategy is adjusted based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing optical fiber. In this scheme, the encoded reference pulse has anti-noise interference characteristics, and even in environments with electromagnetic interference in deep strata (such as electromagnetic radiation from drilling operations), it can still improve the signal-to-noise ratio and avoid calibration deviations caused by noise. The sensing optical fiber in the stratum to be monitored is equipped with an armored protective structure, which provides a rigid barrier against rock compression and prevents the intrusion of groundwater and chemically corrosive media. Therefore, for the problems of fiber optic breakage and reference pulse susceptibility to noise interference in deep complex strata (such as high-stress, high-fracture strata), the possibility of baseline drift caused by fiber creep due to geological stress can be reduced through the armored protective structure and the encoded anti-interference enhancement scheme.

[0032] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for enhancing the long-term stability of deep formations under micro-strain, as provided in this application, is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment... Figure 1 Based on the embodiments, the method is described in detail below, and the method includes: Step S201: For the sensing optical fiber with armored protection structure in the stratum to be monitored, a sensing light pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber to obtain the Brillouin scattering signal; according to the preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse.

[0033] In one example, the coating of the sensing fiber includes nano-silica particles.

[0034] In one example, the armored protective structure includes a metal armor tube and a buffer medium filled between the armored protective structure and the coating layer.

[0035] In one example, the buffer medium is a flexible silicone layer.

[0036] For example, a certain proportion of nano-silica particles are uniformly incorporated into the polymer coating material of the sensing optical fiber. The addition of nanoparticles can effectively improve the elastic modulus and creep resistance of the coating layer, physically suppressing the slow plastic deformation of the optical fiber under long-term stress, thereby reducing the long-term drift of the measurement baseline from the source. The doping ratio of nanoparticles can be optimized between 0.5% and 5% by weight according to performance requirements, and the doping ratio is not limited.

[0037] A flexible silicone layer can be used as the buffer medium. Silicone material possesses excellent elasticity, damping properties, and chemical stability, effectively buffering high-frequency micro-vibrations and transient impacts within a limited space, while ensuring the flexibility and ease of fiber optic installation. The thickness is designed to be between 30-50 micrometers, providing sufficient buffering performance without excessively increasing the overall structural size; therefore, there is no limitation on the thickness. For the armored protection structure, refer to step S102, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0038] In this step, two optical pulses are injected into the enhanced optical fiber using a BOTDA device: one is a sensing pulse used to excite Brillouin scattering and generate a Brillouin scattering signal; the other is a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse used for system calibration. These two pulses can be injected synchronously or alternately according to a preset injection strategy. The sensing pulse is responsible for acquiring strain information distributed along the fiber, while the encoded reference pulse serves as a preset "known benchmark" for real-time inversion of the fiber's transmission state and noise environment. Finally, the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse.

[0039] Step S202: Monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber.

[0040] In one example, a sensor is provided on the armored protective structure; S202 includes: monitoring mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber by means of the sensor.

[0041] For example, the optical fiber is composed of multiple layers from the inside out: the innermost layer is the fiber core for transmitting optical signals; covering the fiber core is a coating layer, in which nano-reinforcing particles (such as nano-silica) are dispersed to improve its mechanical strength and creep resistance; outside the coating layer is an armor protection layer, which further includes a metal armor tube and a flexible buffer layer filled between the tube and the coating layer, together providing mechanical protection and environmental isolation; in addition, at least one strain sensor (such as a microelectromechanical system strain gauge) is firmly integrated on the outer surface of the armor protection structure for directly sensing and transmitting the mechanical strain borne by the armor structure.

[0042] In this step, mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber is monitored using at least one strain sensor.

[0043] Step S203: Adjust the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

[0044] In one example, S203 includes: if it is determined that the mechanical stress data is greater than a preset stress threshold, then adjust the injection frequency in the injection strategy according to the preset mapping relationship between the gradient value and the stress threshold.

[0045] For example, if the mechanical stress data is determined to be greater than a preset stress threshold, the injection frequency in the injection strategy is increased or decreased according to the preset mapping relationship between the gradient value and the stress threshold. Alternatively, the change in mechanical stress data is calculated, and if the change in mechanical stress data is determined to be greater than a preset stress threshold, the injection frequency in the injection strategy is adjusted according to the preset mapping relationship between the gradient value and the change. Optionally, the mechanical stress data can be connected to an edge computing node for local real-time analysis.

[0046] Step S204: If it is determined that the change in mechanical stress data is greater than the preset stress threshold, then an early warning signal is generated and sent.

[0047] For example, by integrating miniature strain gauges on the outside of the armored tube, the strain of the armored tube itself is monitored synchronously. If the strain of the armored tube exceeds a strain threshold of 1500 με (indicating extreme formation compression), the reference pulse calibration frequency is automatically increased, and an early warning signal is sent to the surface to prevent fiber optic damage. Optionally, the early warning mechanism can be designed as a multi-level warning (e.g., >1000 με alert, >1500 με emergency calibration, >2000 με shutdown protection). Optionally, mechanical stress data can be fused with downhole temperature and pressure sensor data, and formation deformation trends can be predicted using machine learning models (such as LSTM) to achieve predictive maintenance. The above values ​​are examples and are not intended to be limiting.

[0048] The method provided in this application involves injecting a sensing light pulse into a sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored, thereby obtaining a Brillouin scattering signal. According to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. Mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber is monitored. If the change in mechanical stress data is determined to be greater than a preset stress threshold, an early warning signal is generated and sent. Therefore, addressing the issues of fiber optic cable breakage and reference pulse susceptibility to noise interference in deep, complex strata (such as high-stress, high-fracture strata), the armored protective structure and encoded anti-interference enhancement scheme can reduce the possibility of baseline drift caused by fiber creep due to geological stress.

[0049] In one system embodiment, this application provides a complete long-term monitoring system for micro-strain in deep formations. The system hardware integrates the enhanced sensing fiber optic cable from the above embodiments as a sensing terminal. The system also includes: a pulse emission and encoding module responsible for generating highly stable sensing light pulses and performing pseudo-random encoding on reference pulses; a signal processing module containing a high-sensitivity photodetector and a high-speed data acquisition card for acquiring weak Brillouin scattering signals and reference pulse response signals; a health monitoring module responsible for reading resistance or frequency change data from strain sensors on the fiber optic armor; and a central control module (such as an industrial computer or embedded processor). This central control module is configured via software algorithms to: analyze health monitoring data in real time to determine the external stress level; dynamically issue commands to adjust the injection frequency of the reference pulse based on the stress level; and use the reference pulse response signal uploaded by the signal processing module to perform digital filtering and compensation calculations on the original Brillouin scattering signal, ultimately outputting a continuous data report that is real-time calibrated, interference-resistant, and reflects the true micro-strain distribution of the formation.

[0050] Corresponding to the above method, this application also provides a device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the device includes: The recalibration module 41 is used to inject sensing light pulses into the sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; according to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. The adjustment module 42 is used to monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and adjust the injection strategy according to the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

[0051] The functions of each functional unit of the deep stratum micro-strain long-term stability enhancement device provided in the above embodiments of this application can be realized through the above methods and steps. Therefore, the specific working process and beneficial effects of each unit in the deep stratum micro-strain long-term stability enhancement device provided in the embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0052] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it includes a processor 510, a communication interface 520, a memory 530, and a communication bus 540, wherein the processor 510, the communication interface 520, and the memory 530 communicate with each other through the communication bus 540.

[0053] Memory 530 is used to store computer programs; The processor 510 performs the above steps when executing the program stored in the memory 530.

[0054] The communication bus mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is used to represent it in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0055] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic devices and other devices.

[0056] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0057] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0058] The implementation methods and beneficial effects of the various components of the electronic device in the above embodiments for solving the problem can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 1 The steps in the illustrated embodiments are used to implement the electronic device. Therefore, the specific working process and beneficial effects of the electronic device provided in this application will not be repeated here.

[0059] In another embodiment provided in this application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, which stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the deep formation micro-strain long-term stability enhancement methods described in the above embodiments.

[0060] In another embodiment provided in this application, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the deep formation micro-strain long-term stability enhancement methods described in the above embodiments.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments in this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the embodiments in this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the embodiments in this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0062] This application describes embodiments of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0063] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0064] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0065] Although preferred embodiments have been described in this application, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0066] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application fall within the scope of the claims in this application and their equivalents, then this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, characterized in that, The method includes: For a sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored, a sensing light pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; according to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. Monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and adjust the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The coating of the sensing optical fiber includes nano-silica particles.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The armored protective structure includes a metal armor tube and a buffer medium filled between the armored protective structure and the coating layer.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The buffer medium is a flexible silicone layer.

5. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The armored protective structure is equipped with sensors to monitor mechanical stress data acting on the sensing optical fiber, including: The sensor monitors the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Based on the mechanical stress data, the injection strategy is adjusted, including: If the mechanical stress data is determined to be greater than a preset stress threshold, the injection frequency in the injection strategy is adjusted according to the preset mapping relationship between the gradient value and the stress threshold.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the change in the mechanical stress data is determined to be greater than a preset stress threshold, an early warning signal is generated and sent.

8. A device for enhancing the long-term stability of micro-strain in deep formations, characterized in that, The device includes: The recalibration module is used to inject sensing light pulses into the sensing optical fiber with an armored protective structure in the stratum to be monitored to obtain a Brillouin scattering signal; according to a preset injection strategy, a pseudo-randomly encoded reference pulse is injected into the sensing optical fiber, and the received Brillouin scattering signal is recalibrated using the reference pulse. An adjustment module is used to monitor the mechanical stress data acting on the sensing fiber; and to adjust the injection strategy based on the mechanical stress data to enhance the stability of the sensing fiber.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory communicate with each other through the communication bus; Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, when executing a program stored in memory, implements the method of any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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