Agricultural soil nutrient rapid detection sampling device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of soil detection, and specifically relates to a kind of agricultural soil nutrient rapid detection sampling equipment, including double-end drive, double-end drive bottom fixedly connected with fixed plate, fixed plate side wall is fixedly connected with outer sleeve, double-end drive bottom output end is through fixed plate and is rotationally engaged, double-end drive bottom is equipped with the collection assembly for collecting mud, collection assembly includes the main gear that double-end drive bottom output end coaxially fixedly connected, main gear bottom coaxially fixedly connected with drill rod, drill rod side wall is fixedly connected with helical blade, helical blade outside is equipped with the mud transport pipe, the mud transport pipe outer side wall is fixedly connected with a plurality of probe sensors, the mud transport pipe outer side wall is detachably connected with bottom plate, and bottom plate side wall is detachably connected with the inner side wall of outer sleeve.The present application is equipped with drill rod and mud transport pipe and probe sensor, realizes the automatic process of soil sampling rapid detection, does not need manual processing, reduces operation step and improves detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil testing technology, specifically to a rapid sampling device for detecting nutrients in agricultural soil. Background Technology

[0002] Rapid soil nutrient detection is a crucial step in automating soil fertility assessment and fertilization management in precision agriculture. Traditional methods, often involving manual sampling and laboratory chemical analysis, while highly accurate, are time-consuming and cumbersome, making them unsuitable for real-time monitoring of large areas of farmland. In recent years, rapid field testing equipment has gradually developed, with some devices combining drill sampling with electrochemical or spectroscopic probes. However, because sample transfer, grinding, and sieving still rely on manual or step-by-step operations, it's difficult to balance efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] According to a case study in "Evaluation of sensing technologies for on-the-go detection of macronutrients in cultivated soils" (Sinfield, JV, Fagerman, D., & Colic, O. 2010), "current rapid field detection equipment generally suffers from the problem of separation between sampling and detection processes. After the drilling device extracts soil, it needs to undergo independent grinding and sieving steps before being sent to the sensor for detection, resulting in uneven sample mixing and insufficient representativeness. At the same time, blockages or interlayer contamination are prone to occur in the sampling pipeline, further reducing the detection accuracy and limiting the system's continuous working capability in large-scale farmland environments." Meanwhile, the "Modern Agricultural Machinery Maintenance and Application Manual" (2021 edition) points out that "existing soil detection devices have complex grinding components and require frequent maintenance during field operations. The drill rod and auger blades are prone to blockage due to wet soil adhesion, requiring shutdown for cleaning, leading to detection interruptions and difficulties in component replacement." However, in actual use, this soil velocimeter requires manual completion of multiple pre-processing operations such as sampling, crushing, and sieving, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, the samples are prone to spillage during manual transport to the detection tank, resulting in an uncoordinated sampling and detection process.

[0004] Therefore, the fundamental flaw of existing rapid soil nutrient testing devices lies in the separation of sampling, grinding, and testing processes, resulting in poor process continuity. Furthermore, the devices are complex in structure, prone to clogging, and inconvenient to maintain. This leads to the dual problems of low testing efficiency and high maintenance costs throughout their entire lifecycle. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a rapid sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a rapid soil nutrient detection and sampling device for agricultural soils. By incorporating a drill rod, a mud delivery pipe, and a probe sensor, the device automates the rapid soil sampling and detection process, eliminating the need for manual handling, reducing operational steps, and improving detection efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A rapid sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients includes a controller and a dual-head drive unit. The dual-head drive unit is electrically connected to the controller. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dual-head drive unit, and an outer sleeve is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing plate. The bottom output end of the dual-head drive unit passes through the fixing plate and rotates with the fixing plate. A collection component for collecting soil is provided at the bottom of the dual-head drive unit. The collection component includes a main gear coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom output end of the dual-head drive unit, and a drill rod coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the main gear. A spiral blade is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rod. A mud conveying pipe is sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade. Several probe sensors are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe. The probe sensors are electrically connected to the controller. A base plate is detachably connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe. The side wall of the base plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve. Several driven gears mesh with the main gear. A gear ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve. All driven gears mesh with the gear ring. A grinding component for grinding mud is provided at the bottom of the driven gear. An air blowing component for providing airflow into the mud conveying pipe and a transmission component for driving the air blowing component are provided at the top of the base plate.

[0007] The technical principles of the above solution are as follows:

[0008] During use, the device is erected on the soil surface using the support assembly. The dual-head drive is activated, and the output end at the bottom of the dual-head drive drives the drill rod to rotate. The drill rod is pressed down by the device's own weight. As the drill rod and the spiral blades rotate, the soil is transported into the device through the mud conveying pipe. At the same time, the air blowing assembly blows air into the mud conveying pipe to reduce blockage. The grinding assembly grinds the soil, and the ground soil falls to the top of the base plate. During the descent, the probe sensor detects the nutrients in the soil powder it comes into contact with.

[0009] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. This invention automates the entire process from sampling to testing, eliminating the need for manual sample preprocessing and transfer, thus shortening the single-sample testing cycle, improving field testing efficiency, and reducing the labor intensity of operators.

[0011] 2. This invention uses a closed conveying structure of spiral blades and mud conveying pipes, combined with an anti-clogging design for the air blowing component, to prevent samples from spilling or becoming contaminated during the transfer process. At the same time, the grinding component driven by gears achieves uniform grinding of the soil, ensuring that the probe sensor has full contact with nutrient molecules and improving detection accuracy.

[0012] 3. This invention uses a dual-head drive unit as a single power source to drive multiple components such as the collection component, grinding component, and air blowing component. It has a compact structure and does not require an additional power device. With the support component, it can be stably erected, adapting to complex field terrain and improving the durability and economy of the device.

[0013] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes a stirring rod coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear, grinding blades fixedly connected to the side walls of the stirring rod, and a grinding roller fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring rod. A screen plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe located below the grinding roller, and the side wall of the screen plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The stirring rod follows the gear's revolution and rotation, the grinding blades shear and crush the soil, and the grinding rollers work with the sieve plate to complete the crushing and screening. The dual grinding action makes the soil powder particle size more uniform, while the sieve plate directly intercepts large particles of impurities, further improving the detection accuracy.

[0015] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear ring, and the baffle has a through groove for the stirring rod to move, with the drill rod passing through the baffle.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The baffle forms a closed grinding space, preventing soil powder from splashing into other components inside the device during the grinding process and avoiding contamination of the transmission structure; the through groove is adapted to the movement trajectory of the stirring rod, isolating it without affecting the revolution and rotation of the stirring rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a bracket fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate, a slide rail fixedly connected to the top of the bracket, a first slider slidably engaged with the slide rail, a transmission rod rotatably engaged with the first slider, a rotating rod rotatably engaged with the other side of the transmission rod, and the other end of the rotating rod fixedly connected to the top output end of the dual-head drive component.

[0018] Beneficial effects: By linking the rotating rod and the transmission rod, the rotational motion is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the first slider. There is no need to set up an additional power source for the blowing component, which simplifies the overall transmission structure, reduces energy consumption, and ensures a stable transmission ratio, thus ensuring that the blowing frequency matches the conveying speed.

[0019] Furthermore, the air blowing assembly includes a piston rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider, a piston cylinder fixedly connected to the end of the slide rail away from the bracket, a piston plate fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod extending through the side wall of the piston cylinder and into the piston cylinder, and an air inlet, a first air outlet and a second air outlet opened on the side wall of the piston cylinder away from the piston rod. The mud conveying pipe side wall has several upward inclined holes along the spiral blades and several downward inclined holes along the spiral blades. The upward and downward inclined holes are alternately distributed circumferentially. The first air outlet communicates with the upward inclined hole, and the second air outlet communicates with the downward inclined hole. An air inlet check valve is fixedly connected in the air inlet. A one-way solenoid valve is fixedly connected in both the first and second air outlets. The one-way solenoid valves are electrically connected to the controller. The gas flow direction in the one-way solenoid valves is from inside the piston cylinder to outside the piston cylinder, and the gas flow direction in the air inlet check valves is from outside the piston cylinder to inside the piston cylinder.

[0020] Beneficial effects: When the dual-head drive unit rotates forward to collect soil samples, the one-way solenoid valve in the first air outlet opens and the second air outlet closes, thereby blowing air into the mud conveying pipe through the upper inclined hole to assist the spiral blades in conveying soil upward. When the dual-head drive unit reverses to recover the device, the first air outlet closes and the one-way solenoid valve in the second air outlet opens, thereby enabling the removal of residual soil in the mud conveying pipe through the lower inclined hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a support assembly for support. The support assembly includes several support plates, each with a support column fixedly connected to its top. Each support column has a groove on its side wall, and each groove is slidably fitted with a second slider. The other end of each second slider is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The second slider slides up and down along the groove, which can adjust the overall height of the device during the collection process. The support plate increases the contact area with the ground, preventing the device from sinking in the field. At the same time, it ensures that the drill rod enters the soil vertically, ensuring stable collection.

[0023] Furthermore, a material level sensor for monitoring the amount of soil accumulated above the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screen plate, and the material level sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The level sensor monitors the sample accumulation in real time. When the set detection amount is reached, the controller issues a prompt and automatically shuts down the dual-head drive to prevent excessive sample overflow, thus achieving quantitative detection without the need for manual judgment of sample volume and reducing manual intervention.

[0025] Furthermore, a brush is fixedly connected inside the through groove.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The brush further seals the channel without affecting the rotation of the stirring rod, isolates the chamber where the stirring component is located from other parts of the device, and further reduces dust leakage.

[0027] Furthermore, a tapered drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drill rod.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The conical structure reduces the resistance to soil penetration, making it suitable for different soil textures such as hard soil and clay. This makes it easier for the drill rod to penetrate the soil layer, reduces the difficulty of pressing down the device under its own weight, and improves the smoothness and stability of the sampling process.

[0029] Furthermore, the inner wall of the mud conveying pipe is fixedly connected with an anti-stick coating, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0030] Beneficial effects: The PTFE coating has a smooth surface and does not easily adhere to soil, which can reduce soil residue on the inner wall of the mud conveying pipe, ensure conveying efficiency, reduce the probability of damp soil clumping and clogging, extend the service life of the mud conveying pipe, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an internal isometric view of an embodiment of the agricultural soil nutrient rapid detection and sampling device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is an internal bottom-view axonometric drawing of an embodiment of the rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an embodiment of the rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission components of an embodiment of the agricultural soil nutrient rapid detection and sampling device of the present invention.

[0035] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Dual-head drive component; 2. Fixing plate; 3. Gear ring; 4. Main gear; 5. Driven gear; 6. Drill rod; 7. Baffle; 8. Through groove; 9. Stirring rod; 10. Spiral blade; 11. Grinding blade; 12. Mud conveying pipe; 13. Grinding roller; 14. Screen plate; 15. Base plate; 16. Probe sensor; 17. Support; 18. Slide rail; 19. Transmission rod; 20. Rotating rod; 21. Piston cylinder; 22. Air inlet; 23. First air outlet; 24. Second air outlet; 25. Outer sleeve; 26. Second slider; 27. Support column; 28. Slide groove; 29. ​​Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] As attached Figure 1 and Figure 3 The image shows a rapid sampling device for detecting agricultural soil nutrients, comprising a controller and a dual-head drive unit 1. The dual-head drive unit 1 is electrically connected to the controller. A fixing plate 2 is bolted to the bottom of the dual-head drive unit 1, and an outer sleeve 25 is welded to the side wall of the fixing plate 2. The bottom output end of the dual-head drive unit 1 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is rotatably engaged with the fixing plate 2. A soil collection component is provided at the bottom of the dual-head drive unit 1. In this embodiment, a dual-head motor is selected as the dual-head drive unit 1.

[0042] The acquisition component includes a main gear 4 coaxially bolted to the bottom output end of a dual-head drive 1. A drill rod 6 is coaxially bolted to the bottom of the main gear 4. A spiral blade 10 is welded to the side wall of the drill rod 6. A mud conveying pipe 12 is sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade 10. Several probe sensors 16 are bolted to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe 12. The probe sensors 16 are electrically connected to the controller.

[0043] A base plate 15 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe 12, and the side wall of the base plate 15 is detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 25; the main gear 4 is meshed with several driven gears 5; a gear ring 3 is welded to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 25, and all driven gears 5 mesh with the gear ring 3. A grinding component for grinding mud is provided at the bottom of the driven gears 5.

[0044] Specifically, the bottom output end of the dual-head drive unit 1 drives the main gear 4 to rotate, the main gear 4 drives the drill rod 6 to rotate, and the drill rod 6 drives the spiral blade 10 to rotate. When the entire pressing device and the drill rod 6 rotate on the soil surface, the spiral blade 10 cuts the soil and squeezes it upward, entering the device through the mud conveying pipe 12. The main gear 4 drives the driven gear 5 to rotate, and the driven gear 5 drives the grinding assembly to grind the soil entering the device. The ground soil falls and contacts the probe sensor 16. The probe sensor 16 detects the nutrient content in the soil and transmits the nutrient content information to the controller, which then transmits the nutrient content information to the operator's mobile terminal.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the grinding assembly includes a stirring rod 9 coaxially bolted to the bottom of the gear 5. Grinding blades 11 are bolted to the side walls of the stirring rod 9. Grinding rollers 13 are bolted to the bottom of the stirring rod 9. A screen plate 14 is welded to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe 12 located below the grinding roller 13. The side wall of the screen plate 14 is bolted to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 25.

[0046] Specifically, the gear 5 drives the stirring rod 9 to rotate, and at the same time, the gear 5 moves along the gear ring 3 under the drive of the main gear 4, so that the stirring rod 9 rotates on its own axis and revolves around the drill rod 6. The stirring rod 9 drives the grinding blades 11 and the grinding roller 13 to rotate on their own axis and revolve around the drill rod 6, thereby grinding the soil after it enters the device and screening it through the sieve plate 14 to improve the uniformity of the sample and remove impurities.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the base plate 15 is provided with an air blowing assembly for providing airflow into the mud conveying pipe 12 and a transmission assembly for driving the air blowing assembly; the transmission assembly includes a bracket 17 bolted to the top of the fixed plate 2, a slide rail 18 bolted to the top of the bracket 17, a first slider slidably fitted on the slide rail 18, a transmission rod 19 rotatably fitted on the first slider, a rotating rod 20 rotatably fitted on the other side of the transmission rod 19, and the other end of the rotating rod 20 bolted to the top output end of the double-headed drive 1.

[0048] Specifically, when the top output end of the dual-head drive 1 rotates, it drives the rotating rod 20 to rotate. The other end of the rotating rod 20 drives the transmission rod 19 to move. The other end of the transmission rod 19 drives the first slider to reciprocate along the slide rail 18.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the air blowing assembly includes a piston rod bolted to the side wall of the first slider, a piston cylinder 21 bolted to the end of the slide rail 18 away from the bracket 17, a piston plate welded inside the piston cylinder 21 extending through the side wall of the piston cylinder 21, and an air inlet 22, a first air outlet 23, and a second air outlet 24 on the side wall of the piston cylinder 21 away from the piston rod; and several upward-sloping holes along the spiral blades 10 and several downward-sloping holes along the spiral blades 10 on the side wall of the mud conveying pipe 12. The holes, including the upper and lower oblique holes, are arranged alternately in a circumferential pattern. The first outlet 23 is connected to the upper oblique hole, and the second outlet 24 is connected to the lower oblique hole. An intake one-way valve is fixedly connected inside the inlet 22. One-way solenoid valves are fixedly connected inside both the first outlet 23 and the second outlet 24. Both one-way solenoid valves are electrically connected to the controller. The gas flow direction inside the one-way solenoid valve is from inside the piston cylinder 21 to outside the piston cylinder 21, while the gas flow direction inside the intake one-way valve is from outside the piston cylinder 21 to inside the piston cylinder 21.

[0050] Specifically, when the first slider reciprocates, it drives the piston rod to reciprocate, which in turn drives the piston plate to reciprocate within the piston cylinder 21. When the dual-head drive unit 1 rotates forward to collect soil, the controller opens the one-way solenoid valve in the first air outlet 23 and closes the one-way solenoid valve in the second air outlet 24, thereby assisting in the transport of soil through the upper inclined hole and reducing soil particle slippage. When the dual-head drive unit 1 reverses to recover the device, the controller closes the one-way solenoid valve in the first air outlet 23 and opens the one-way solenoid valve in the second air outlet 24, thereby assisting in the removal of residual soil from the transport pipe 12 through the lower inclined hole, preparing for the next test and reducing sample cross-contamination.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the outer wall of the outer sleeve 25 is provided with a support assembly for support. The support assembly includes several support plates 29. Each support plate 29 has a support column 27 welded to its top. Each support column 27 has a sliding groove 28 on its side wall. Each sliding groove 28 is slidably fitted with a second slider 26. The other end of each second slider 26 is welded to the outer wall of the outer sleeve 25.

[0052] In use, the support plate 29 increases the contact area with the ground, reducing the device from sinking into the soil surface. The support column 27 supports and fixes the outer sleeve 25, making the device stable. During operation, the second slider 26 and the slide groove 28 slide together to achieve flexible lifting and lowering of the device.

[0053] This invention utilizes a dual-head drive unit 1 to drive the drill rod 6 and spiral blades 10 for efficient soil collection. A linked grinding assembly thoroughly grinds the soil, while an air-blowing assembly assists in soil transport and removes residue from the mud-transporting pipe 12 during the recovery process to prevent clogging. A support assembly ensures stable installation and flexible lifting, and a material level sensor enables automated control. The entire system achieves integrated automated operation of soil sampling, grinding, and nutrient testing, improving sampling and testing efficiency, ensuring testing accuracy, and providing stable and convenient operation, thus meeting the needs of rapid soil testing and sampling in agriculture.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] As attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that a baffle 7 is welded to the bottom of the toothed ring 3, and the baffle 7 has a through groove 8 for the movement of the stirring rod 9. The drill rod 6 passes through the baffle 7. A material level sensor for monitoring the amount of soil accumulated above the bottom plate 15 is welded to the bottom of the screen plate 14, and the material level sensor is electrically connected to the controller. A brush is bonded inside the through groove 8. A conical drill bit is welded to the bottom end of the drill rod 6. An anti-stick coating is bonded to the inner wall of the mud conveying pipe 12, and the anti-stick coating material is polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

[0056] Specifically, baffle 7 isolates the internal mixing area of ​​the device, reducing dust diffusion, while the through groove 8 provides movement space for the mixing rod 9 without affecting its normal operation. A material level sensor monitors the amount of accumulated soil on the surface of the bottom plate 15 in real time and sends the soil accumulation signal to the controller. The controller determines whether the signal has reached a preset value; if so, it stops the dual-head drive unit 1. A brush further divides the mixing area, ensuring the mixing rod 9 moves in close contact with the brush, thus not affecting its normal movement and improving sealing to reduce dust flow. A conical drill bit enhances the penetration force of the drill rod 6, assisting it in quickly drilling into the soil, which, in conjunction with the spiral blade 10, efficiently cuts the soil. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) anti-stick coating reduces the adhesion between soil and the inner wall of the mud conveying pipe 12, reducing soil adhesion and accumulation, ensuring smooth soil transport, and reducing blockage of the mud conveying pipe 12.

[0057] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A rapid sampling and detection device for agricultural soil nutrients, characterized in that, It includes a controller and a dual-head drive unit (1). The dual-head drive unit (1) is electrically connected to the controller. A fixed plate (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the dual-head drive unit (1). An outer sleeve (25) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed plate (2). The bottom output end of the dual-head drive unit (1) passes through the fixed plate (2) and rotates with the fixed plate (2). A collection component for collecting soil is provided at the bottom of the dual-head drive unit (1). The acquisition component includes a main gear (4) coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom output end of a dual-head drive (1), a drill rod (6) coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the main gear (4), a spiral blade (10) fixedly connected to the side wall of the drill rod (6), a mud conveying pipe (12) sleeved on the outside of the spiral blade (10), a number of probe sensors (16) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe (12), and the probe sensors (16) electrically connected to the controller; a base plate (15) is detachably connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe (12), and the side wall of the base plate (15) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (25); the main gear (4) meshes with a number of driven gears (5), a gear ring (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (25), and all driven gears (5) mesh with the gear ring (3); A grinding assembly for grinding soil is provided at the bottom of the gear (5), and an air blowing assembly for providing airflow into the mud conveying pipe (12) and a transmission assembly for driving the air blowing assembly are provided at the top of the base plate (15).

2. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding assembly includes a stirring rod (9) coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the gear (5), grinding blades (11) fixedly connected to the side wall of the stirring rod (9), a grinding roller (13) fixedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring rod (9), a sieve plate (14) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mud conveying pipe (12) located below the grinding roller (13), and the side wall of the sieve plate (14) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (25).

3. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the gear ring (3) is fixedly connected to a baffle (7), and the baffle (7) has a through groove (8) for the stirring rod (9) to move. The drill rod (6) passes through the baffle (7).

4. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 3, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a bracket (17) fixedly connected to the top of a fixed plate (2), a slide rail (18) fixedly connected to the top of the bracket (17), a first slider slidably connected to the slide rail (18), a transmission rod (19) rotatably connected to the first slider, a rotating rod (20) rotatably connected to the other side of the transmission rod (19), and the other end of the rotating rod (20) fixedly connected to the top output end of the double-headed drive (1).

5. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air blowing assembly includes a piston rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider, a piston cylinder (21) fixedly connected to the end of the slide rail (18) away from the bracket (17), a piston plate fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod extending through the side wall of the piston cylinder (21), an air inlet (22), a first air outlet (23) and a second air outlet (24) on the side wall of the piston cylinder (21) away from the piston rod, and a number of upward oblique holes along the spiral blades (10) and a number of downward oblique holes along the spiral blades (10) on the side wall of the mud conveying pipe (12). The lower inclined hole, upper inclined hole and lower inclined hole are alternately distributed circumferentially. The first air outlet (23) is connected to the upper inclined hole, the second air outlet (24) is connected to the lower inclined hole, and an air inlet (22) is fixedly connected to an air inlet one-way valve. The first air outlet (23) and the second air outlet (24) are both fixedly connected to one-way solenoid valves. The one-way solenoid valves are all electrically connected to the controller. The gas flow direction in the one-way solenoid valve is from inside the piston cylinder (21) to outside the piston cylinder (21), and the gas flow direction in the air inlet one-way valve is from outside the piston cylinder (21) to inside the piston cylinder (21).

6. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a support assembly for support. The support assembly includes several support plates (29). The top of each support plate (29) is fixedly connected to a support column (27). Each support column (27) has a sliding groove (28) on its side wall. Each sliding groove (28) is slidably fitted with a second slider (26). The other end of each second slider (26) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer sleeve (25).

7. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 6, characterized in that, A material level sensor for monitoring the amount of soil accumulated above the bottom plate (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sieve plate (14). The material level sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

8. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 7, characterized in that, A brush is fixedly connected inside the through groove (8).

9. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 8, characterized in that, A tapered drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the drill rod (6).

10. The rapid detection and sampling device for agricultural soil nutrients according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mud conveying pipe (12) is fixedly connected with an anti-stick coating, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene coating.

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