A geological survey drilling sampling device

Abstract

This invention discloses a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration, relating to the field of geological exploration sampling. It includes a drilling unit and a multi-position sampling unit. The multi-position sampling unit includes a sampling tube and sampling components. The sampling tube is mounted on the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig. Multiple sampling components are arranged along the axial direction of the sampling tube. Each sampling component includes a sampling drill cylinder, which is slidably inserted through the sampling tube and has a degree of freedom to move radially along the sampling tube. The sampling drill cylinder is hollow, forming a soil sampling cavity. Multiple cutting teeth are fixed at intervals along its circumference at one end of the sampling drill cylinder away from the sampling tube. A rock sampling hole is opened at the other end of the sampling drill cylinder away from the sampling tube. The rock sampling hole is used to sample rock powder samples generated when the cutting teeth cut the rock strata. The drilling unit includes a drilling sleeve, which is rotatably mounted on the sampling tube. This invention solves the problems of existing sampling methods being singular and requiring additional specialized equipment, thus improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of geological exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration and sampling technology, specifically to a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Geological exploration is a fundamental task in engineering construction, resource exploration, and environmental assessment. Its core objective is to obtain rock and soil samples from different depths and strata underground to analyze the stratigraphic structure, physical and mechanical properties, and material composition, providing a scientific basis for subsequent engineering design, construction plan formulation, and resource reserve assessment. Drilling sampling, as a core method of geological exploration, directly determines the reliability of exploration data and the efficiency of project progress through its sampling efficiency, sample quality (integrity and purity), and ease of operation.

[0003] As engineering projects expand into deeper and more complex geological formations (such as composite formations, fractured rock layers, and alternating soft and hard formations), traditional drilling and sampling equipment has gradually revealed many technical shortcomings, making it difficult to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency requirements of modern geological exploration. Specific problems include: 1. The sampling mode is limited and has poor adaptability to different formations; Existing drilling sampling equipment mostly adopts a "single-category sampling" design, neglecting the collection of rock strata samples. However, geology is mostly complex strata, with rock and soil layers intermingling. Collecting only soil samples cannot accurately reflect the geological conditions. Secondly, even if rock strata samples are taken into account, the sampling tubes of conventional rotary drilling rigs can only collect columnar soil samples. If rock powder samples generated during rock drilling are required, special rock powder collection equipment must be carried, and the machine must be stopped to replace the sampling components, which is cumbersome. Some rock powder sampling devices can only collect rock powder and cannot simultaneously obtain solid soil samples, resulting in the need to change equipment multiple times when exploring complex strata, which greatly extends the operation cycle.

[0004] 2. Multiple sampling points are inefficient, and deep exploration is costly. Traditional sampling devices can only obtain samples from one depth point per drilling run. If exploration of multiple strata at different depths is required, repeated raising and lowering of the drill rod and repositioning for sampling is necessary. This is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive (especially in deep exploration, a single raising and lowering of the drill rod can take tens of minutes), but also prone to borehole displacement due to multiple repositioning operations, affecting sampling accuracy. In addition, multiple drilling runs increase the risk of borehole collapse, requiring additional auxiliary measures such as mud wall protection, which increases exploration costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration to address the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration, comprising a drilling unit and a multi-position sampling unit. The multi-position sampling unit includes a sampling tube and sampling components. The sampling tube is mounted on the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig. Multiple sampling components are arranged along the axial direction of the sampling tube. Each sampling component includes a sampling drill cylinder, which slides through the sampling tube. The sampling drill cylinder has a degree of freedom to move radially along the sampling tube. The sampling drill cylinder is hollow, forming a soil sampling cavity. The sampling drill barrel has multiple cutting teeth fixed at intervals along its circumference at one end away from the sampling tube. A rock stratum sampling hole is opened at the other end of the sampling drill barrel away from the sampling tube. The rock stratum sampling hole is used to sample rock powder generated when the cutting teeth cut the rock stratum. The drilling unit includes a drilling sleeve, which is rotatably fitted onto the sampling tube. A drill bit is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the drilling sleeve. A first sampling hole is opened on the side wall of the sampling tube for the drilling sleeve to pass through, and a second sampling hole is opened on the side wall of the drilling sleeve for the sampling drill barrel to pass through.

[0007] Furthermore, the sampling assembly also includes a drive seat, which is rotatably mounted inside the sampling tube via a bearing. The sampling drill is fitted onto the drive seat, and a guide groove is provided on the outer side wall of the drive seat along its own axial direction. A guide screw is threaded onto the sampling drill, and the tail end of the guide screw passes into the guide groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the sampling assembly also includes a propulsion ring and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder. The inner ring of the propulsion ring is equipped with a propulsion bearing, and the inner ring of the propulsion bearing is fitted onto the sampling drill barrel. The cylinder body of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is installed on the inner wall of the sampling tube, and the telescopic shaft of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder is connected to the propulsion ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the sidewall of the rock sampling hole is provided with a dust flow hole, and a sliding plug rod is provided inside the rock sampling hole. The sliding plug rod has the freedom to move along the axial direction of the sampling drill barrel. When sampling the soil layer, the sliding plug moves to block the dust flow hole; When sampling rock strata, the sliding plug rod moves to the dust flow hole to connect with the rock strata sampling hole; Furthermore, the sampling assembly also includes a pneumatic-electric slip ring, a dust vacuum pump, and a sample bottle. The slip ring rotor of the pneumatic-electric slip ring is mounted on the sampling drill tube, and the slip ring stator of the pneumatic-electric slip ring is fixed to the sampling tube. The sample bottle is installed on the inner wall of the sampling tube by screws. The dust vacuum pump is installed inside the sampling tube. The dust inlet port of the dust vacuum pump is connected to the pneumatic connection port a of the slip ring stator through a first pipe. The dust outlet port of the dust vacuum pump is connected to a second pipe, which is inserted into the sample bottle. The pneumatic connection port b of the slip ring rotor is connected to a dust sampling tube, and the dust sampling tube is connected to a dust flow hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the sampling drill barrel is provided with a power chamber, and the rock stratum sampling hole is connected to the power chamber. A push plate and an electromagnet are provided in the power chamber. One end of the sliding plug rod is fixedly connected to the push plate. A permanent magnet is installed on the end of the push plate near the electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, it generates magnetic poles with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet. A return spring is sleeved on the sliding plug rod. One end of the return spring is connected to the push plate, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the power chamber and the rock stratum sampling hole. A positioning retaining ring is fixed in the power chamber. The positioning retaining ring is located on the moving path of the push plate. The wire of the electromagnet is connected to the power connection port of the slip ring rotor.

[0011] Furthermore, a sprocket is fixedly mounted on the drive round seat, and multiple sprockets on the drive round seats are connected together by chain drive. A drive motor is installed inside the sampling tube, and a worm gear is rotatably arranged inside the sampling tube. A worm wheel is mounted on one of the drive round seats, and the worm wheel meshes with the worm gear. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the worm gear through a coupling.

[0012] Furthermore, a crushing shaft is fixed to one end of the drive seat near the sampling drill barrel, and a spiral cutter body is fixedly sleeved on the crushing shaft, the spiral cutter body extending into the sampling drill barrel.

[0013] Furthermore, a flange is fixed to the top of the sampling tube, which is used to connect the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig. A drive chamber is formed inside the sampling tube, and a drilling motor is installed inside the drive chamber. The output shaft of the drilling motor is connected to a drive gear. An internal gear ring is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling sleeve. A drive window communicating with the drive chamber is opened on the side wall of the sampling tube, and the drive gear passes through the drive window to mesh with the internal gear ring.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular bearing mounting plate is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling sleeve, and a drilling drive bearing is placed on the annular bearing mounting plate. A keyway is provided on the side wall of the sampling tube, and the keyway extends to the top of the sampling tube. A flat key is provided in the keyway, and the flat key matches the bearing keyway of the drilling drive bearing. A bearing retaining ring is installed on the top of the drilling sleeve by a locking screw, and the bearing retaining ring contacts the top surface of the drilling drive bearing.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. When the sampling location of the sampling drill pipe in the geological borehole is a soil layer, the sampling drill pipe is inserted into the soil layer through the degree of freedom of advancement, so that the soil sample at that depth is located in the soil sampling chamber, thus completing the soil sample collection. When the sampling location of the sampling drill pipe in the geological borehole is a rock layer, the sampling drill pipe breaks the rock layer through the degree of freedom of rotation and advancement to generate rock powder. The rock powder sample is collected through the rock sampling hole. Moreover, the sampling drill pipe can simultaneously sample soil and rock powder samples without stopping the machine to replace sampling components. It is perfectly adapted to the complex strata where rock and soil layers intersect, solving the pain points of traditional devices with a single sampling mode and the need to carry additional special equipment, and greatly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of geological exploration.

[0016] 2. Multiple independent sampling components are deployed along the axial direction of the sampling pipe, allowing for the acquisition of formation samples from multiple locations at different depths in a single drilling operation. This eliminates the need for repeated drill rod raising and lowering and multiple alignment sampling, saving drill rod raising and lowering time during deep exploration, reducing the risk of collapse caused by repeated borehole disturbance, lowering the investment costs of auxiliary measures such as mud wall protection, and avoiding sampling offset caused by multiple alignments, thus ensuring the accurate correspondence of samples at different depths.

[0017] 3. Achieving gas-electric separation and transmission between rotating and stationary components via a gas-electric slip ring: The slip ring rotor rotates synchronously with the sampling drill barrel, ensuring continuous conduction of the dust extraction air path and stable power supply to the electromagnet; the slip ring stator is fixed to the sampling tube, avoiding the problems of entanglement, twisting, and breakage of wires and air pipes during drilling rotation. Combined with the magnetic attraction and repulsion drive of the electromagnet and permanent magnet, the sampling mode switching can be completed automatically, eliminating the need for manual on-site operation. This reduces the intensity of fieldwork, avoids human error, and realizes an automated operation process of automatic rock powder extraction and automatic sample sealing, improving the reliability and efficiency of sampling operations.

[0018] 4. Multiple sampling units are independently deployed along the axial direction, each unit corresponding to a specific depth of strata. Each sampling channel is independent and sealed, effectively avoiding cross-contamination between samples from different depths. This ensures that samples from each depth accurately reflect the physical and mechanical properties and material composition of the corresponding stratum. It provides precise layered sample data for stratigraphic structure analysis and resource reserve assessment, further enhancing the reliability and scientific rigor of geological exploration results. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is an exploded schematic diagram of a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to the present invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling tube in a geological exploration drilling and sampling device according to the present invention. Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to the present invention. Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point D; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling sleeve in a geological exploration drilling and sampling device according to the present invention. In the diagram, 1-sampling tube, 2-sampling drill barrel, 3-cutting teeth, 4-rock stratum sampling hole, 5-drilling sleeve, 6-drill bit, 7-second sampling hole, 8-drive seat, 9-guide groove, 10-guide screw, 11-drive motor, 12-worm gear, 13-propeller ring, 14-propeller hydraulic cylinder, 15-propeller bearing, 16-dust flow hole, 17-sliding plug rod, 18-pneumatic slip ring, 19-dust vacuum pump, 20-sample bottle, 21-first pipe, 22-second pipe, 23-dust sampling tube, 24-power chamber. 25-Push plate, 26-Electromagnet, 27-Permanent magnet, 28-Reset spring, 29-Positioning retaining ring, 30-Sprocket, 31-Worm gear, 32-Crushing shaft, 33-Helical cutter body, 34-Flange, 35-Drive chamber, 36-Drilling motor, 37-Drive gear, 38-Internal gear ring, 39-Drive window, 40-Annular bearing mounting plate, 41-Drilling drive bearing, 42-Keyway, 43-Flat key, 44-Locking screw, 45-Bearing retaining ring, 46-First sampling hole, 47-Annular groove, 48-Sampling screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a drilling and sampling device for geological exploration includes a drilling unit and a multi-sampling unit. The multi-sampling unit includes a sampling tube 1 and sampling components. The sampling tube 1 is mounted on the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig. Multiple sampling components are arranged along the axial direction of the sampling tube 1. Each sampling component includes a sampling drill cylinder 2, which is slidably inserted through the sampling tube 1. The sampling drill cylinder 2 has a degree of freedom to move radially along the sampling tube 1. The sampling drill cylinder 2 is hollow to form a soil sampling cavity. Multiple cutting teeth 3 are fixed at intervals along the circumference of the end of the sampling drill cylinder 2 away from the sampling tube 1. A rock stratum sampling hole 4 is provided at the end away from the sampling tube 1. The rock stratum sampling hole 4 is used to sample rock stratum powder generated when the cutting teeth 3 cut the rock stratum. The drilling unit includes a drilling sleeve 5, which is rotatably fitted onto the sampling tube 1. A drill bit 6 is coaxially fixed at the bottom of the drilling sleeve 5. A first sampling hole 46 is provided on the side wall of the sampling tube 1 for the drilling sleeve 5 to pass through, and a second sampling hole 7 is provided on the side wall of the drilling sleeve 5 for the sampling drill tube 2 to pass through. First, the drilling sleeve 5 is fitted onto the sampling tube 1 so that the drilling sleeve 5 can rotate on the sampling tube 1. Then, the sampling tube 1 is installed on the rotating... On the drill rod being drilled, a rotary drilling rig provides the feed degree of freedom, and then drilling and sampling operations are performed. Through the high-speed rotation of the drill sleeve 5, combined with the feed degree of freedom provided by the rotary drilling rig, the drill sleeve 5 drills downward to a specified depth. Then, the drill sleeve 5 stops rotating. After the drill sleeve 5 stops rotating, the first sampling hole 46 corresponds to the second sampling hole 7. Multiple sampling components operate simultaneously, taking samples at different depths to obtain different samples. Specifically, the sampling drill cylinder 2 extends from the first sampling hole 46 and the second sampling hole 7, allowing the sampling drill cylinder 2 to be fed into the soil. Within the layer, soil samples are inserted into the soil sampling chamber to complete the soil sampling operation. When the feeding action of the sampling drill 2 is obstructed, it indicates that the sampling drill 2 has contacted the rock layer. At this time, the sampling drill 2 rotates, coordinating with the feeding motion, to break the rock layer and allow other corresponding soil sampling drill 2s to be smoothly inserted into the soil layer to complete the soil sampling. Meanwhile, the corresponding rock layer sampling drill 2 extracts the rock fragments generated during the rock layer breaking through the rock layer sampling hole 4, realizing the sampling of rock powder samples. Multiple stratum samples at different depths can be obtained in a single drilling operation. There is no need to repeatedly raise and lower the drill rod or perform multiple positioning samplings, which greatly saves sampling time. Even when encountering rock strata, rock layer samples can be collected simultaneously. It is perfectly adapted to complex strata where rock and soil layers intersect, solving the pain points of traditional devices with single sampling modes and the need to carry additional special equipment, and greatly improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of geological exploration.

[0021] Example 2 Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a flange 34 is fixed to the top of the sampling tube 1. The flange 34 is used to connect the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig. A drive chamber 35 is formed inside the sampling tube 1. A drilling motor 36 is installed in the drive chamber 35. The output shaft of the drilling motor 36 is connected to a drive gear 37. An internal gear ring 38 is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling sleeve 5. A drive window 39 communicating with the drive chamber 35 is opened on the side wall of the sampling tube 1. The drive gear 37 passes through the drive window 39 and meshes with the internal gear ring 38. The sampling tube 1 is placed in the drilling sleeve 5 so that the drive gear 37 meshes with the internal gear ring 38. Markings are made on the side wall of the sampling tube 1 and the side wall of the drilling sleeve 5. Position lines are arranged so that the sampling tube 1 is placed collinearly, so that the drive gear 37 can smoothly mesh with the internal gear ring 38, and the first sampling hole 46 is coaxial with the second sampling hole 7. The drilling motor 36 drives the drilling sleeve 5 to rotate on the sampling tube 1 through the meshing of the drive gear 37 and the internal gear ring 38, so as to cooperate with the feed motion provided by the rotary drilling rig, so that the drilling sleeve 5 carries the sampling tube 1 downward to drill to obtain a sampling borehole. The drilling motor 36 is a self-locking motor. After the drilling motor 36 rotates an integer number of times, the drilling sleeve 5 stops rotating, and the first sampling hole 46 can correspond to the second sampling hole 7, so that the sampling drill 2 can smoothly carry out the sampling action.

[0022] Example 3 Based on Example 2, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an annular bearing mounting plate 40 is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling sleeve 5. A drilling drive bearing 41 is placed on the annular bearing mounting plate 40. A keyway 42 is provided on the side wall of the sampling tube 1, extending to the top of the sampling tube 1. A flat key 43 is provided in the keyway 42, matching the bearing keyway of the drilling drive bearing 41. A bearing retaining ring 45 is installed on the top of the drilling sleeve 5 via a locking screw 44. The bearing retaining ring 45 contacts the top surface of the drilling drive bearing 41. First, the drilling drive bearing 41 is placed on the annular bearing mounting plate 40, and then the drilling... The outer ring of the drive bearing 41 is fixed to the drilling sleeve 5. Then, the sampling tube 1 is positioned inside the drilling sleeve 5. Next, a flat key 43 is inserted from the keyway 42 at the top of the sampling tube 1, so that the flat key is simultaneously inserted into both the keyway 42 and the bearing keyway, thereby connecting the sampling tube 1 to the inner ring of the drilling drive bearing 41. Finally, the bearing retaining ring 45 is fixed to the drilling sleeve 5, limiting the drilling drive bearing 41 and thus rotatably connecting the drilling sleeve 5 and the sampling tube 1, facilitating the disassembly of the drilling sleeve 5 and the sampling tube 1. In a specific implementation, outer ring keyways are provided on both the inner wall of the drilling sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the drilling drive bearing 41, so that the outer ring flat key is simultaneously located in both outer ring keyways, thereby connecting the drilling drive bearing 41 to the drilling sleeve 5.

[0023] Example 4 Based on Embodiment 3, the bearing retaining ring 45 includes two semi-circular rings. An annular groove 47 is opened on the side wall of the sampling tube 1. The semi-circular rings are partially fitted into the annular groove 47. Then, the semi-circular rings are fixed to the drilling sleeve 5 by locking screws 44. Since the semi-circular rings and the sampling tube 1 are in annular fit, it does not affect the rotation of the drilling sleeve 5 on the sampling tube 1. Secondly, the bearing baffle 45 is set as a detachable structure, which can smoothly insert the bearing baffle 45 into the annular groove 47 to limit the drilling drive bearing 41.

[0024] Example 5 Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the sampling assembly also includes a drive seat 8, which is rotatably mounted inside the sampling tube 1 via bearings. A sampling drill cylinder 2 is fitted onto the drive seat 8. A guide groove 9 is formed along the axial direction of the outer wall of the drive seat 8. A guide screw 10 is threaded onto the sampling drill cylinder 2, with its tail end inserted into the guide groove 9. The sampling assembly also includes a propulsion ring 13 and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14. A propulsion bearing 15 is mounted on the inner ring of the propulsion ring 13, and the inner ring of the propulsion bearing 15 is fitted onto the sampling drill cylinder 2. The cylinder body of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 is mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube 1. The telescopic shaft of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the propulsion ring 13. The sampling drill cylinder 2 is mounted on the drive seat 8 via the guide screw 10, and the guide screw 10 extends into the guide groove 9, allowing the guide screw 10 to move within the guide groove 9. The direction of movement is along the axial direction of the sampling drill cylinder 2, so that the driving seat 8 can drive the sampling drill cylinder 2 to rotate while the sampling drill cylinder 2 can also move linearly on the driving seat 8. When the sampling drill cylinder 2 is aimed at the soil layer, it can feed into the soil layer or rotate into the soil layer. When it is aimed at the rock layer, the sampling drill cylinder 2 can rotate at high speed to break the rock layer and produce rock powder samples. Secondly, the sampling drill cylinder 2 is mounted on the driving seat 8 through the guide screw 10, which makes it easy to remove the sampling drill cylinder 2 from the sampling seat 8 to take out the soil sample in the soil sampling chamber. The feed movement of the sampling drill cylinder 2 on the driving seat 8 is provided by the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14. The propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 is connected to the sampling drill cylinder 2 through the propulsion ring 13, so that the sampling drill cylinder 2 and the propulsion ring 13 can rotate relative to each other, so that there is no interference between the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 and the sampling drill cylinder 2.

[0025] Example 6 Based on Example 5, such as Figures 1 to 6As shown, a dust flow hole 16 is provided on the side wall of the rock stratum sampling hole 4. A sliding plug rod 17 is installed inside the rock stratum sampling hole 4, and the sliding plug rod 17 has the freedom to move along the axial direction of the sampling drill barrel 2. When sampling the soil layer, the sliding plug rod 17 moves to block the dust flow hole 16; when sampling the rock stratum, the sliding plug rod 17 moves to the dust flow hole 16 to connect with the rock stratum sampling hole 4. To prevent the soil layer from blocking the rock stratum sampling hole 4 and the dust flow hole 16, a sliding plug rod 17 is installed inside the rock stratum sampling hole 4. Under normal conditions, the head of the sliding plug rod 17 extends out from the rock stratum sampling hole 4 to block the rock stratum sampling hole 4 and the dust flow hole 16, allowing the dust flow hole to pass through the sampling hole 4. The hydraulic oil pressure of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 determines whether the sampling location is a rock layer or a soil layer. When the sampling location is a soil layer, the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 does not require much force to insert the sampling drill 2 into the soil layer. When the pressure of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 gradually increases but does not drive the sampling drill 2 to advance, it indicates that the sampling location is a rock layer. When the set pressure is reached, rock layer sampling is performed. The sliding plug rod 17 moves into the rock layer sampling hole 4, so that the dust flow hole 16 connects to the rock layer sampling hole 4. The sampling drill 2 performs a rotary motion, which breaks the rock layer and produces rock layer powder. The rock layer powder is sampled through the rock layer sampling hole 4 and the dust flow hole 16. During actual sampling, after multiple sampling components complete sampling at this depth, the rotary drilling rig drives the sampling tube 1 to rotate at a certain angle, so that the sampling components can sample other locations at this depth. If this depth is composed of a mixture of rock and soil layers, the sampling drill tube 2 can simultaneously sample rock and soil layers. The sliding plug rod 17 automatically switches its position according to the specific conditions of the rock and soil layers to avoid the soil layer blocking the dust flow hole 16 when sampling the soil layer first and then the rock layer.

[0026] Example 7 Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 6As shown, the sampling assembly also includes a pneumatic slip ring 18, a dust vacuum pump 19, and a sample vial 20. The slip ring rotor of the pneumatic slip ring 18 is mounted on the sampling drill tube 2, and the slip ring stator of the pneumatic slip ring 18 is fixed to the sampling tube 1. The sample vial 20 is mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube 1 by screws. The dust vacuum pump 19 is installed inside the sampling tube 1. The dust inlet port of the dust vacuum pump 19 is connected to the pneumatic connection port a of the slip ring stator through a first pipe 21, and the dust outlet port of the dust vacuum pump 19 is connected to a second pipe 22. The second pipe 22 is inserted into the sample vial 20, and the pneumatic connection port b of the slip ring rotor is connected to the dust... The sampling tube 23 is connected to the dust flow hole 16. When sampling the rock strata, the rock strata are broken and rock powder is generated by the drilling motion of the sampling drill 2. The rock powder is pumped into the sample bottle 20 by the dust vacuum pump 19. The problem of the dust sampling tube 23 winding is solved by the pneumatic slip ring 18, so that the rock powder sample can pass smoothly through the dust sampling tube 23, the first pipe 21 and the second pipe 22 into the sample bottle 20. The second pipe 22 is movably inserted into the sample bottle 20, and the sample bottle 20 is installed with screws. The screws and the second pipe 22 can be removed to remove the sample bottle 20 to obtain the rock powder sample. The sampling drill barrel 2 is equipped with a power chamber 24, and the rock stratum sampling hole 4 is connected to the power chamber 24. A push plate 25 and an electromagnet 26 are installed inside the power chamber 24. One end of a sliding plug rod 17 is fixedly connected to the push plate 25. A permanent magnet 27 is installed on the end of the push plate 25 near the electromagnet 26. When the electromagnet 26 is energized, it generates magnetic poles with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet 27. A return spring 28 is sleeved on the sliding plug rod 17. One end of the return spring 28 is connected to the push plate 25, and the other end is connected to the step formed by the power chamber 24 and the rock stratum sampling hole 4. A positioning retaining ring 29 is fixed inside the power chamber 24 and is located on the moving path of the push plate 25. The wire of the electromagnet 26 is connected to the power connection port of the slip ring rotor. The problem of wire winding of the electromagnet 26 is solved by the pneumatic-electric slip ring 18. When sampling the soil layer, the electromagnet 26 is energized, repelling the permanent magnet 27 and causing the sliding plug rod 17 to move outward until it contacts the positioning retaining ring 29. At this time, the sliding plug rod 17 partially extends out of the rock layer sampling hole 4, thereby sealing the rock layer sampling hole 4. The end of the sliding plug rod 17 is made into a cone shape, and the strong repulsive force generated by the electromagnet 26 and the permanent magnet 27 allows the sliding plug rod 17 to be inserted into the soil layer without being obstructed by the soil layer. This ensures that the sliding plug rod 17 can effectively seal the rock layer sampling hole 4. When sampling the rock layer, the electromagnet 26 is de-energized, causing the sliding plug rod 17 to reset under the reaction force of the return spring 28. This allows the sliding plug rod 17 to move into the rock layer sampling hole 4, opening the dust flow hole 16 for rock layer powder sampling.

[0027] Example 8 Based on Example 7, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, a sprocket 30 is fixedly mounted on the drive round seat 8. The sprockets 30 on multiple drive round seats 8 are connected together by chain drive. A drive motor 11 is installed inside the sampling tube 1. A worm gear 12 is rotatably installed inside the sampling tube 1. A worm wheel 31 is mounted on one of the drive round seats 8. The worm wheel 31 meshes with the worm gear 12. The output shaft of the drive motor 11 is connected to the worm gear 12 through a coupling. The drive motor 11 drives the worm gear 12 to rotate. The worm gear 12 drives the worm wheel 31 to rotate. The worm wheel 31 drives the drive round seat 8 connected to it to rotate. The drive round seat 8 drives the other drive round seats 8 to rotate through the chain. Thus, a single drive device drives all the drive round seats 8 to rotate, enabling multiple sampling components to perform sampling actions simultaneously. Furthermore, the propulsion hydraulic cylinder 14 is arranged inside the inner ring of the chain to avoid interference with the chain.

[0028] Example 9 Based on Example 8, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a crushing shaft 32 is fixed at one end of the drive base 8 near the sampling drill cylinder 2. A spiral cutter body 33 is fixedly sleeved on the crushing shaft 32 and extends into the sampling drill cylinder 2. In order to ensure that the soil sample can be successfully left in the soil sampling chamber, the spiral cutter body 33 is further provided. When the sampling drill cylinder 2 is inserted into the soil layer, the drive base 8 drives the sampling drill cylinder 2 to rotate, and at the same time drives the crushing shaft 32 to rotate. The crushing shaft 32 drives the spiral cutter body 33 to rotate, and the soil layer is crushed by the spiral cutter body 33, so that the crushed soil layer can be successfully left in the soil sampling chamber, thereby achieving higher soil sampling stability.

[0029] Example 10 Based on Example 9, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the sampling tube 1 includes two semi-cylindrical tubes connected together by a sampling screw 48. After sampling is completed, the sampling screw 48 is removed to separate the two semi-cylindrical tubes, thereby opening the sampling tube 1. Then, the guide screw 9 is removed to remove the sampling drill cylinder 2, and the soil sample inside the sampling drill cylinder 2 can be obtained. The sample bottle 20 is removed to obtain the rock powder sample inside. After obtaining samples at different depths, the sampling components are cleaned to avoid contaminating the samples collected later. After cleaning, the sampling drill cylinder 2 is reinstalled, and the two semi-cylindrical tubes are connected together by the sampling screw 48.

Claims

1. A drilling and sampling device for geological exploration, characterized in that, The system includes a drilling unit and a multi-sampling unit. The multi-sampling unit includes a sampling tube (1) and sampling components. The sampling tube (1) is installed on the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig. The sampling tube (1) has multiple sampling components arranged along its own axial direction. The sampling components include a sampling drill cylinder (2). The sampling drill cylinder (2) slides through the sampling tube (1) and has a degree of freedom to move radially along the sampling tube (1). The sampling drill cylinder (2) is hollow and is used to form a soil sampling cavity. The end of the sampling drill cylinder (2) away from the sampling tube (1) has multiple cutting edges fixed at intervals along its own circumference. Cutting teeth (3), the sampling drill tube (2) is provided with a rock stratum sampling hole (4) at one end away from the sampling tube (1), the rock stratum sampling hole (4) is used to sample the rock stratum powder sample generated when the cutting teeth (3) cut the rock stratum, the drilling unit includes a drilling sleeve (5), the drilling sleeve (5) is rotatably mounted on the sampling tube (1), the bottom of the drilling sleeve (5) is coaxially fixed with a drill bit (6), the side wall of the sampling tube (1) is provided with a first sampling hole (46) for the drilling sleeve (5) to pass through, and the side wall of the drilling sleeve (5) is provided with a second sampling hole (7) for the sampling drill tube (2) to pass through.

2. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling assembly also includes a drive seat (8), which is rotatably mounted inside the sampling tube (1) via a bearing. The sampling drill (2) is fitted onto the drive seat (8). The outer wall of the drive seat (8) is provided with a guide groove (9) along its own axial direction. A guide screw (10) is threaded onto the sampling drill (2), and the tail of the guide screw (10) is inserted into the guide groove (9).

3. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sampling assembly also includes a propulsion ring (13) and a propulsion hydraulic cylinder (14). The inner ring of the propulsion ring (13) is equipped with a propulsion bearing (15), and the inner ring of the propulsion bearing (15) is fitted onto the sampling drill tube (2). The cylinder body of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (14) is installed on the inner wall of the sampling tube (1), and the telescopic shaft of the propulsion hydraulic cylinder (14) is connected to the propulsion ring (13).

4. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the rock sampling hole (4) is provided with a dust flow hole (16), and a sliding plug rod (17) is provided inside the rock sampling hole (4). The sliding plug rod (17) has the freedom to move along the axial direction of the sampling drill tube (2). When sampling the soil layer, the sliding plug (17) moves to block the dust flow hole (16). When sampling the rock strata, the sliding plug (17) moves to the dust flow hole (16) to connect with the rock strata sampling hole (4).

5. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sampling assembly also includes a pneumatic slip ring (18), a dust vacuum pump (19), and a sample bottle (20). The slip ring rotor of the pneumatic slip ring (18) is mounted on the sampling drill tube (2), and the slip ring stator of the pneumatic slip ring (18) is fixed to the sampling tube (1). The sample bottle (20) is mounted on the inner wall of the sampling tube (1) by screws. The dust vacuum pump (19) is installed inside the sampling tube (1). The dust inlet port of the dust vacuum pump (19) is connected to the pneumatic connection port a of the slip ring stator through the first pipe (21). The dust outlet port of the dust vacuum pump (19) is connected to the second pipe (22). The second pipe (22) is inserted into the sample bottle (20). The pneumatic connection port b of the slip ring rotor is connected to the dust sampling tube (23). The dust sampling tube (23) is connected to the dust flow hole (16).

6. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sampling drill barrel (2) is provided with a power chamber (24), and the rock stratum sampling hole (4) is connected to the power chamber (24). The power chamber (24) is provided with a push plate (25) and an electromagnet (26). One end of the sliding plug rod (17) is fixedly connected to the push plate (25). A permanent magnet (27) is installed on the end of the push plate (25) near the electromagnet (26). When the electromagnet (26) is energized, it generates a magnetic pole with the same magnetism as the permanent magnet (2). A reset spring (28) is sleeved on the sliding plug rod (17). One end of the reset spring (28) is connected to the push plate (25), and the other end is connected to the step formed by the power chamber (24) and the rock stratum sampling hole (4). A positioning retaining ring (29) is fixed in the power chamber (24). The positioning retaining ring (29) is located on the moving path of the push plate (25). The wire of the electromagnet (26) is connected to the power connection port of the slip ring rotor.

7. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sprocket (30) is fixedly mounted on the drive round seat (8). The sprockets (30) on multiple drive round seats (8) are connected together by chain drive. A drive motor (11) is installed inside the sampling tube (1). A worm (12) is rotatably installed inside the sampling tube (1). A worm wheel (31) is mounted on one of the drive round seats (8). The worm wheel (31) meshes with the worm (12). The output shaft of the drive motor (11) is connected to the worm (12) through a coupling.

8. A drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive seat (8) is fixed with a crushing shaft (32) at one end near the sampling drill tube (2). A spiral cutter body (33) is fixedly sleeved on the crushing shaft (32) and extends into the sampling drill tube (2).

9. The drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange (34) is fixed to the top of the sampling tube (1). The flange (34) is used to connect the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig. A drive chamber (35) is formed inside the sampling tube (1). A drilling motor (36) is installed inside the drive chamber (35). The output shaft of the drilling motor (36) is connected to a drive gear (37). An internal gear ring (38) is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling sleeve (5). A drive window (39) communicating with the drive chamber (35) is opened on the side wall of the sampling tube (1). The drive gear (37) passes through the drive window (39) and meshes with the internal gear ring (38).

10. A drilling and sampling device for geological exploration according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inner wall of the drilling sleeve (5) is fixed with an annular bearing mounting plate (40), and a drilling drive bearing (41) is placed on the annular bearing mounting plate (40). A keyway (42) is provided on the side wall of the sampling tube (1), and the keyway (42) extends to the top of the sampling tube (1). A flat key (43) is provided in the keyway (42), and the flat key (43) matches the bearing keyway of the drilling drive bearing (41). A bearing retaining ring (45) is installed on the top of the drilling sleeve (5) by a locking screw (44), and the bearing retaining ring (45) contacts the top surface of the drilling drive bearing (41).

Images