Mechanical property detection device and method for organic contaminated bentonite

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mechanical property detection, and discloses a mechanical property detection device for organic contaminated bentonite, which comprises a detection main body, the detection main body comprises a base, a confining pressure sealing assembly arranged on the base and a hydraulic rod arranged on the upper end of the confining pressure sealing assembly. The mechanical property detection device and method for the organic contaminated bentonite can artificially manufacture the linkage displacement of the central subsidence and the peripheral expansion during the test process through the setting of the deformable mechanism comprising a first supporting assembly and a second supporting assembly and the driving of the moving mechanism, so that the pulling and tearing damage process caused by the uneven misplacement of the foundation of the anti-seepage barrier can be accurately restored in the laboratory environment, and the guiding value of the detection data to the engineering actual working conditions is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical property testing technology, specifically to a device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of environmental geotechnical engineering testing, bentonite impermeable materials contaminated with organic matter are widely used in projects such as landfills and industrial tailings ponds. In order to assess the safety of impermeable materials under complex service conditions, existing indoor testing devices (such as flexible wall triaxial apparatus) usually use an integrated rigid base to support the sample and apply an axial load to the entire sample to determine its mechanical strength and permeability.

[0003] However, such traditional detection devices have the following problems: Because its base bearing surface is a flat structure, it can only simulate the compression deformation or shear failure of soil under uniform load during the test, and it is difficult to simulate the local sudden failure of the seepage barrier caused by uneven settlement of the foundation in actual engineering.

[0004] At the engineering site, the seepage barrier often forms a significant misaligned shear surface within the stress range of the sample due to local foundation settlement, resulting in sudden cracks in the soil. Existing devices cannot simulate and track the local instability process under such contaminated conditions, leading to a large deviation between the test results and the actual engineering situation, which cannot meet the needs of refined evaluation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite, which can simulate the properties of bentonite under various working conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite, comprising a testing body, the testing body including a base, a confining pressure sealing assembly disposed on the base, and a hydraulic rod disposed on the upper end of the confining pressure sealing assembly, and further comprising: A deformable mechanism is set on the base and located inside the confining pressure sealing assembly. The deformable mechanism includes a circular bearing column at the center and several fan-shaped parts distributed in a petal-like manner around the circular bearing column. The bentonite sample to be tested is placed on the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts. The moving mechanism is mounted on the base. The power output end of the moving mechanism is connected to the circular bearing column and several sector components respectively. It is used to drive the circular bearing column to generate axial settlement displacement and simultaneously drive several sector components to generate radial expansion displacement. The liquid supply mechanism has its output end connected to the interior of the circular support column and several sector components, and is used to supply external organic pollutant liquid into the circular support column and several sector components respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the deformable mechanism includes a second support component, a rubber diaphragm, a plate, a lifting component, and several first support components. A first cavity is formed inside the base. Several second openings are provided through the first cavity on the side near the confining pressure sealing component. The lower end of the lifting component is located in the first cavity. The upper end of the lifting component is connected to the lower end of the second support component and the lower ends of several first support components. The upper ends of the second support component and the upper ends of several first support components pass through the second openings into the confining pressure sealing component and are connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the rubber diaphragm. The inner wall of the upper end of the rubber diaphragm is connected to the outer wall of the plate. The rubber diaphragm wraps around the bentonite sample. The lower end of the bentonite sample abuts against the upper surface of the second support component and several first support components. The upper end of the bentonite sample abuts against the bottom surface of the plate. The upper surface of the plate abuts against the output end of the hydraulic rod. The second support component and several first support components are all connected to the liquid supply mechanism.

[0008] Furthermore, the second support component includes a first circular block and a second circular block. The upper surface of the first circular block is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second circular block. The upper surface of the second circular block abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. Both the first and second circular blocks are located inside the rubber membrane, and the outer walls of both the first and second circular blocks abut against the inner wall of the first support component. The bottom surface of the first circular block is connected to the upper end of the lifting component. A second flow channel is provided inside the first circular block. Micropores are provided inside and on the surface of the second circular block. The micropores, the second flow channel, and the liquid supply mechanism of the second circular block are interconnected.

[0009] Furthermore, the first support component includes a first sector block, a second sector block, and a first L-shaped column. The upper surface of the first sector block is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second sector block. The upper surface of the second sector block abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. Both the first and second sector blocks are located inside the rubber membrane, and the outer walls of both the first and second sector blocks abut against the inner wall of the rubber membrane. The inner walls of both the first and second sector blocks abut against the outer walls of the first and second circular blocks. The bottom surface of the first sector block is connected to the upper end of the lifting component. The bottom surface of the first sector block is fixedly connected to one end of the first L-shaped column. The other end of the first L-shaped column passes through the second opening into the first cavity and is connected to the lifting component. The outer wall of the first L-shaped column is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second opening. A first flow channel is provided inside the first sector block. Micropores are provided inside and on the surface of the second sector block. The micropores, the first flow channel, and the liquid supply mechanism of the second sector block are interconnected.

[0010] Furthermore, the lifting assembly includes a second tube, a second rod, a rectangular rod, and an inverted truncated cone. The wider end of the inverted truncated cone is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first circular block, and the narrower end of the inverted truncated cone extends into the first cavity and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rod. The other end of the second rod is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular rod, and the other end of the rectangular rod is connected to the liquid supply mechanism. The outer wall of the second rod is connected to the moving mechanism, and the inner wall of the inverted truncated cone is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube. The two ends of the second tube are respectively connected to the second flow channel and the liquid supply mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, a spline plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rod near the end of the inverted truncated cone. The spline plate has several second L-shaped columns, and the side walls of the several second L-shaped columns abut against the outer walls of the several first L-shaped columns respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, sealing gaskets are provided at the points where the first circular block abuts against the first sector block, the points where the first sector block abuts against the base, and the points where two adjacent first sector blocks abut against each other. The sealing gasket at the point where the first circular block abuts against the first sector block is annular, with the inner wall of the annular sealing gasket fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first circular block and the outer wall of the annular sealing gasket abutting against the inner side of the first sector block. The sealing gasket at the point where the first sector block abuts against the base and the sealing gasket at the points where two first sector blocks abut against each other are sheet-shaped, with the sheet-shaped sealing gasket fixedly connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the first sector block and the surface of the sheet-shaped sealing gasket abutting against the upper surface of the base.

[0013] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a worm, a first rod body, a worm wheel, and a ring body. One end of the first rod body is located outside the base, and the other end of the first rod body passes through the first cavity and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worm. The outer wall of the first rod body is rotatably connected to the penetration point of the base. The lower end of the ring body is connected to the liquid supply mechanism, and the upper end of the ring body is fixedly connected to one side of the worm wheel. The worm and the worm wheel mesh, and the axis of the worm wheel is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second rod body.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid supply mechanism includes a first tube and a box. A first opening is provided through the bottom surface of the first cavity. The outer wall of the upper end of the box is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first opening. The inside of the box forms a second cavity. A fourth opening is provided at the axis of the box. Several third channels are provided through the upper surface of the box. The bottom surface of the box is fixedly connected to one end of the first tube. The other end of the first tube is fixedly connected to the output end of an external liquid supply device. The output end of the external liquid supply device, the first tube, the second cavity, and the several third channels are internally connected. The several third channels are also connected to the second tube and the several first channels through several flexible tubes. A third opening is provided on one side of each of the several second openings. The flexible tubes connected to the first channels are located in the third openings. The several flexible tubes connected between the third channels and the second tube and the first channels have a set excess length and are housed in the first cavity of the base in a bent and coiled state.

[0015] Furthermore, a method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the bentonite sample to be tested on the circular bearing column and several sector parts of the deformable mechanism. After wrapping the external sealing kit, the assembly of the test body and the confining pressure sealing assembly is completed. Apply a preset constant axial load to the top surface of the bentonite sample through the hydraulic rod, and at the same time inject fluid into the confining pressure sealing assembly to provide static water confining pressure simulating the underground depth. Step 2: Start the liquid supply mechanism to independently and continuously deliver the external organic pollutant liquid to the inside of the circular support column and several fan-shaped parts, so that the organic pollutant liquid seeps into the bentonite sample from the bottom up and saturates it. After the sample reaches equilibrium under the fluid-solid coupling effect of the pollutant liquid immersion and the hydrostatic pressure, monitor and record the initial axial deformation and foundation permeability data of the bentonite sample at this time. Step 3: Activate the moving mechanism to drive the circular bearing column at the center of the base to generate a downward axial settlement displacement, so as to simulate the local misalignment and collapse of the foundation under the seepage barrier. At the same time, using the internal mechanical linkage, the peripheral fan-shaped parts are driven to generate radial expansion displacement, which applies outward horizontal tensile stress to the bentonite sample, forcing the bentonite sample to generate physical cracks under the combined stress state of vertical shear and horizontal tension. Step 4: During the process of inducing cracks in Step 3 and after crack formation, maintain the constant axial downward movement of the hydraulic rod and the liquid injection state of the liquid supply mechanism, monitor and record the sudden change data of the permeation flow of organic contaminant liquid along the newly formed cracks of the sample in real time, as well as the mechanical strength decay law of the sample under structural damage state, and complete the comprehensive performance test.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite, by setting up a deformable mechanism including a first support component and a second support component, and in conjunction with the drive of the moving mechanism, can artificially create a linkage displacement of center sinking and circumferential expansion during the test. This allows for the accurate reproduction of the tensile and tearing failure process of the seepage barrier caused by uneven foundation misalignment in a laboratory environment, thereby improving the guiding value of the test data for actual engineering conditions.

[0017] The device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite utilizes a liquid supply mechanism with independent flow channels to precisely deliver external contaminant liquid into the micropores of the first and second support components. Even when the support components undergo severe mechanical displacement such as sinking or expansion, the internal spare hose connection ensures the continuity of fluid supply, enabling researchers to track and quantitatively assess the leakage of organic contaminant liquid in bentonite under fractured conditions in real time.

[0018] The device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite utilizes a lifting assembly with an inverted truncated cone. As the inverted truncated cone moves downward, it causes the central area to sink while simultaneously using its inclined surface to forcefully push the first L-shaped column on the periphery to slide outward. This purely mechanical linkage ensures strict synchronization between vertical misalignment and horizontal tension, simplifying the operation steps and guaranteeing the stability and accuracy of the mechanical destructive action.

[0019] The device and method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite effectively eliminates the potential for gaps caused by misalignment of the supporting components by setting sealing gaskets at the contact points between the first circular block and the first sector block, as well as at the contact points between the first sector block and the base. This not only prevents leakage between the high-pressure confining water and the internal contaminated liquid, but also avoids damage to the externally wrapped rubber membrane caused by the mechanical gaps, thus improving the success rate and safety of the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the invention from another perspective; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the middle part; Figure 4 This invention is based on Figure 3 Further cross-sectional schematic diagram; Figure 5 This is a detailed connection diagram of the confining pressure sealing assembly and the hydraulic rod of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a detailed connection diagram of the components of the present invention, including the base, the liquid supply mechanism, and the deformable mechanism. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the base of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a detailed connection diagram of the components of the present invention, including the liquid supply mechanism, the moving mechanism, and the deformable mechanism. Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the liquid supply mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional and partially disassembled schematic diagram of the moving mechanism and deformable mechanism of the present invention. Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A breakdown diagram of the components; Figure 12 This is a detailed connection diagram of the first support component, the second support component, and other components of the present invention.

[0021] In the picture: 1. Detection body; 11. Base; 111. First port; 112. First cavity; 113. Second port; 114. Third port; 12. Confining pressure sealing assembly; 13. Hydraulic rod; 2. Liquid supply mechanism; 21. First tube body; 22. Box body; 221. Third flow channel; 222. Second cavity; 223. Fourth port; 3. Moving mechanism; 31. Worm gear; 32. First rod body; 33. Worm wheel; 34. Ring body; 4. Deformable mechanism; 41. First support assembly; 411. First sector block; 412. Second sector block; 413. First flow channel; 414. First L-shaped column; 42. Second support assembly; 421. First circular block; 422. Second circular block; 423. Second flow channel; 43. Rubber membrane; 44. Plate; 45. Lifting assembly; 451. Second tube; 452. Second rod; 453. Rectangular rod; 454. Inverted truncated cone; 46. Splined plate; 47. Sealing gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-12 A mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite, comprising a testing body 1, the testing body 1 including a base 11, a confining pressure sealing assembly 12 disposed on the base 11, and a hydraulic rod 13 disposed on the upper end of the confining pressure sealing assembly 12, and further including: The deformable mechanism 4 is set on the base 11 and located inside the confining pressure sealing assembly 12. The deformable mechanism 4 includes a circular bearing column located at the center and several fan-shaped parts distributed in a petal-like manner around the circular bearing column. The bentonite sample to be tested is placed on the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts. The moving mechanism 3 is mounted on the base 11. The power output end of the moving mechanism 3 is connected to the circular bearing column and several sector components respectively. It is used to drive the circular bearing column to generate axial settlement displacement and simultaneously drive several sector components to generate radial expansion displacement. The liquid supply mechanism 2 has its output end connected to the interior of the circular support column and several sector components, and is used to supply external organic pollutant liquid into the circular support column and several sector components respectively.

[0024] It should be noted that the confining pressure sealing assembly 12 and the hydraulic rod 13, along with their associated power control system, in this embodiment are all existing conventional technical components in the field of geotechnical mechanics testing (for example, the components of a standard flexible wall triaxial apparatus can be directly adopted). This invention does not improve their basic structure or working principle; both retain their original functions in this testing device. Specifically, the confining pressure sealing assembly 12 is mainly used to enclose the sample and provide a constant hydrostatic confining pressure environment, and the hydraulic rod 13 is mainly used to provide controlled axial downward pressure to the top of the sample. Since those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation of these components through existing technology, this embodiment will not elaborate further on their specific internal structure and electrical control principles.

[0025] In addition, to collect data on various indicators during the testing process more comprehensively and accurately, the current testing unit 1 (such as the flexible wall triaxial apparatus mentioned above) is also equipped with a conventional data acquisition sensor network. Specifically, force sensors and displacement sensors are installed at the transmission end or top of the hydraulic rod 13. The force sensor is used to sense in real time how much structural destructive force the sample is subjected to when the hydraulic rod 13 is pressed down, while the displacement sensor is used to accurately record the vertical deformation data generated by the sample when it is under pressure and when the base 11 sinks. At the same time, a water pressure sensor is installed inside the confining pressure sealing assembly 12 or at the water inlet pipe interface. It acts like an environmental monitor, responsible for monitoring the hydrostatic pressure inside the enclosure in real time to ensure that the simulated underground environment pressure provided to the sample is always stable and meets the standards. In addition, high-precision miniature flow meters or pore water pressure sensors are installed in conjunction with the inlet and outlet pipelines of the liquid supply mechanism 2. This is mainly to sensitively capture the sudden changes in the leakage rate and permeability of the organic pollutant liquid at the moment the machine tears open a physical crack. Through the cooperation of this sensor network, the machine can not only complete the mechanical destruction action, but also convert the step-by-step failure and leakage process of the sample into a clearly visible data curve on the computer. Since these sensors are all existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here.

[0026] Furthermore, in order to test the three states of bentonite—the normal state, the partially subsided state, and the state after subsidence with cracks—as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the deformable mechanism 4 includes a second support component 42, a rubber membrane 43, a plate 44, a lifting component 45, and several first support components 41. A first cavity 112 is formed inside the base 11. Several second openings 113 are provided through the first cavity 112 on the side near the confining pressure sealing component 12. The lower end of the lifting component 45 is located inside the first cavity 112. The upper end of the lifting component 45 is connected to the lower end of the second support component 42 and several first support components 41. The lower ends of the components 41 are all connected, the upper ends of the second support component 42 and the upper ends of several first support components 41 all pass through the second port 113 into the confining pressure sealing component 12 and are connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the rubber membrane 43. The inner wall of the upper end of the rubber membrane 43 is connected to the outer wall of the plate body 44. The rubber membrane 43 wraps around the bentonite sample. The lower end of the bentonite sample abuts against the upper surface of the second support component 42 and several first support components 41. The upper end of the bentonite sample abuts against the bottom surface of the plate body 44. The upper surface of the plate body 44 abuts against the output end of the hydraulic rod 13. The second support component 42 and several first support components 41 are all connected to the liquid supply mechanism 2. Specifically, by setting up a deformable mechanism 4, the limitation of the traditional testing base 11, which can only provide rigid flat support, is broken. It can not only stably support the bentonite sample, but also undergo mechanical deformation when needed, forcibly pulling the sample from a flat state to create cracks, thus truly restoring the destruction process of the underground seepage prevention layer being torn apart due to foundation collapse.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to provide a support platform for the bentonite and to provide mechanical action in the normal state and partial sinking state when testing bentonite samples, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second support component 42 includes a first circular block 421 and a second circular block 422. The upper surface of the first circular block 421 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second circular block 422, and the upper surface of the second circular block 422 abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. The first circular block 421 and the second circular block 422 are both located inside the rubber membrane 43, and the outer walls of the first circular block 421 and the second circular block 422 abut against the inner wall of the first support component 41. The bottom surface of the first circular block 421 is connected to the upper end of the lifting component 45. A second flow channel 423 is provided inside the first circular block 421, and micropores are provided inside and on the surface of the second circular block 422. The micropores of the second circular block 422, the second flow channel 423, and the liquid supply mechanism 2 are internally connected. Specifically, by setting the second support component 42, on the one hand, its flat upper surface can steadily support the central area of ​​the sample, and on the other hand, combined with its internal second flow channel 423 and micropores, it can slowly seep into the sample from the center. At the same time, as an independent central bearing module, it is ready to sink down at any time to artificially create local foundation collapse cavities.

[0028] Furthermore, in order to provide a support platform for the bentonite and to support the second support component 42 when testing the bentonite sample, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first support component 41 includes a first sector block 411, a second sector block 412, and a first L-shaped column 414. The upper surface of the first sector block 411 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second sector block 412, and the upper surface of the second sector block 412 abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. Both the first sector block 411 and the second sector block 412 are located inside the rubber membrane 43, and the outer walls of both the first sector block 411 and the second sector block 412 abut against the inner wall of the rubber membrane 43. The inner walls of the first sector block 412 abut against the outer walls of the first circular block 421 and the second circular block 422. The bottom surface of the first sector block 411 is connected to the upper end of the lifting assembly 45. The bottom surface of the first sector block 411 is fixedly connected to one end of the first L-shaped column 414. The other end of the first L-shaped column 414 passes through the second opening 113 into the first cavity 112 and is connected to the lifting assembly 45. The outer wall of the first L-shaped column 414 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second opening 113. The first sector block 411 is provided with a first flow channel 413. The second sector block 412 is provided with micropores inside and on its surface. The micropores of the second sector block 412, the first flow channel 413, and the liquid supply mechanism 2 are connected. Specifically, by setting the first support component 41, which surrounds the second support component 42 like petals, it normally holds the sample flat together with the central block, and injects liquid into the edge area of ​​the sample through the first flow channel 413 and micropores. When the center collapses, it can expand outward under the action of the first L-shaped column 414, directly applying an outward pulling force to the edge of the sample, and tearing the sample together with the sinking action of the center.

[0029] Furthermore, in order to drive the second support component 42 to sink, and in order to drive the displacement of several first support components 41 during the sinking of the second support component 42, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lifting component 45 includes a second tube 451, a second rod 452, a rectangular rod 453 and an inverted cone 454. The wider end of the inverted cone 454 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first circular block 421, and the narrower end of the inverted cone 454 extends into the first cavity 112 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rod 452. The other end of the second rod 452 is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular rod 453. The other end of the rectangular rod 453 is connected to the liquid supply mechanism 2. The outer wall of the second rod 452 is connected to the moving mechanism 3. The inner wall of the inverted cone 454 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube 451. The two ends of the second tube 451 are respectively connected to the second flow channel 423 and the liquid supply mechanism 2. Specifically, by setting up the lifting component 45, the downward linear motion is transformed into two destructive actions. When the second rod 452 moves downward with the inverted cone 454, it can both pull the central second support component 42 downward and use the inclined surface of the inverted cone 454 (wider at the top and narrower at the bottom) to squeeze the surrounding first support component 41 outward. This simple mechanical structure achieves the synchronous linkage destruction of "sinking combined with diameter expansion".

[0030] It should be noted that in the initial assembly state, a predetermined axial gap is reserved between the outer inclined surface of the inverted cone 454 and the ends of several first L-shaped columns 414. This axial gap constitutes a "free stroke" in the mechanical transmission, so that in the initial stage of the descent of the second rod 452, only the central circular bearing column is driven to sink. After crossing this free stroke, the outer inclined surface of the inverted cone 454 abuts against the first L-shaped columns 414 and forcibly pushes them radially outward, thereby accurately restoring the time sequence process of the foundation "first differential settlement, then inducing tensile tearing".

[0031] Furthermore, in order to further improve the guiding and supporting effect of the first L-shaped column 414 in the first support assembly 41 when it moves, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a spline plate 46 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second rod 452 near the inverted cone 454. The spline plate 46 has a plurality of second L-shaped columns, and the side walls of the plurality of second L-shaped columns abut against the outer walls of the plurality of first L-shaped columns 414 respectively. Specifically, by setting the spline plate 46, it is equivalent to adding a stable "guide rail" to the outward expansion of the first support component 41. By using the several second L-shaped pillars on it to support the side wall of the first L-shaped pillar 414, it can be ensured that the petal-shaped fan blocks slide straight and smoothly along the radial direction when expanding outward, without tilting or getting stuck, thus ensuring the accuracy of the test action.

[0032] Furthermore, in order to ensure the sealing effect between the components during routine testing, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, sealing gaskets 47 are provided at the abutment points of the first circular block 421 and the first sector block 411, the abutment points of the first sector block 411 and the base 11, and the abutment points of two adjacent first sector blocks 411. The sealing gasket 47 at the abutment point of the first circular block 421 and the first sector block 411 is annular, the inner wall of the annular sealing gasket 47 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first circular block 421, and the outer wall of the annular sealing gasket 47 abuts against the inner side surface of the first sector block 411. The sealing gasket 47 at the abutment point of the first sector block 411 and the base 11, as well as the sealing gasket 47 at the abutment points of two first sector blocks 411, are all sheet-shaped. The sheet-shaped sealing gasket 47 is fixedly connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the first sector block 411, and the surface of the sheet-shaped sealing gasket 47 abuts against the upper surface of the base 11. Specifically, by setting a sealing gasket 47, the gaps between the first support component 41 and the second support component 42, as well as between them and the base 11, are completely sealed. This not only prevents water leakage when the base 11 is filled with contaminant liquid or when high-pressure water is applied externally, but also prevents the rubber membrane 43 covering the sample from being pinched and broken by the gaps when the components are misaligned, thus ensuring the safety and sealing of the entire experimental process.

[0033] Furthermore, in order to drive the smooth operation of the various components of the deformable mechanism 4, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the moving mechanism 3 includes a worm 31, a first rod 32, a worm wheel 33, and a ring 34. One end of the first rod 32 is located outside the base 11, and the other end of the first rod 32 passes through the first cavity 112 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worm 31. The outer wall of the first rod 32 is rotatably connected to the penetration point of the base 11. The lower end of the ring 34 is connected to the liquid supply mechanism 2, and the upper end of the ring 34 is fixedly connected to one side of the worm wheel 33. The worm 31 meshes with the worm wheel 33, and the axis of the worm wheel 33 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second rod 452. Specifically, by setting up the moving mechanism 3, the meshing transmission of the worm 31 and worm wheel 33 is used to convert the action of the outside personnel shaking the handle into the force to pull the internal components down. Moreover, the structure of the worm wheel 33 and worm 31 itself has a mechanical self-locking function. No matter how heavy the sample is on top, as long as the operator does not shake the handle, the base 11 will stay steadily in the current position and will not be accidentally crushed, making the sinking distance precise and controllable.

[0034] Furthermore, in order to smoothly deliver external contaminant liquid into the first support assembly 41 and the second support assembly 42 to test various data of samples under various conditions, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid supply mechanism 2 includes a first tube 21 and a box 22. A first opening 111 is formed through the bottom surface of the first cavity 112. The outer wall of the upper end of the box 22 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first opening 111. A second cavity 222 is formed inside the box 22. A fourth opening 223 is formed along the axis of the box 22. Several third flow channels 221 are formed through the upper surface of the box 22. The bottom surface of the box 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the first tube 21. The other end of the body 21 is fixedly connected to the output end of the external liquid supply device. The output end of the external liquid supply device, the first tube 21, the second cavity 222 and the interior of several third flow channels 221 are connected. The several third flow channels 221 are also connected to the second tube 451 and several first flow channels 413 respectively through several hoses. A third port 114 is opened on one side of several second ports 113. The hoses connected to the first flow channels 413 are located in the third port 114. The several hoses connected between the third flow channels 221 and the second tube 451 and the first flow channels 413 have a set excess length and are housed in the first cavity 112 of the base 11 in a bent and coiled state. Specifically, by setting up the liquid supply mechanism 2, it is equivalent to laying an independent "underground water pipe network" for the entire detection base 11. The contaminated liquid injected from the outside first enters the second cavity 222 of the box 22, and then is diverted through various hoses to accurately deliver it into each movable sector block and the central circle block. Even if the components above are sinking or expanding outward, the liquid supply will not be interrupted because the internal hoses are connected, ensuring that tearing and contamination penetration can be carried out simultaneously.

[0035] It should be noted that the rectangular rod 453 and the fourth opening 223 at the axis of the box 22 are slidably inserted into each other. Since the outer contour of the rectangular rod 453 and the inner hole of the fourth opening 223 are both non-circular, such as rectangular cross-sections, they form a rotation limit on the second rod 452 in the circumferential direction. This ensures that the second rod 452 can only move axially under the rotation drive of the worm gear 33, and cannot rotate on its own, thus ensuring the accurate transmission of the sinking action.

[0036] In addition, the extra length of the hose provides sufficient leeway to ensure that the liquid supply line will not interfere, break or break when the second support component 42 settles and the first support component 41 expands radially outward, thus ensuring continuous liquid supply during dynamic testing.

[0037] Working principle: During preparation, first place the base 11 in a suitable position, then use the elasticity of the rubber membrane 43 to cover the lower end of several first support components 41. Next, place the bentonite sample to be tested on the first support components 41 and the second support components 42, and press the upper surface of the sample with the plate 44. Then, put the confining pressure sealing component 12 on the outside of the base 11 in the conventional manner, while controlling the output end of the hydraulic rod 13 to press on the upper surface of the plate 44 to apply constant pressure. Finally, fix the confining pressure sealing component 12 to the base 11 and connect the external liquid supply equipment. The preparation is now complete.

[0038] During routine testing, first open the valve of the confining pressure sealing component 12 pipe, inject water into the housing of the confining pressure sealing component 12, and let the water wrap and soak the rubber membrane 43 to provide confining pressure. Then close the valve, and then inject the organic pollutant liquid into the second cavity 222 of the box body 22 through the first pipe 21 via the external liquid supply device.

[0039] Next, the contaminated liquid flows through the hose into the first flow channel 413 of the first sector block 411 and the second flow channel 423 of the first circular block 421, and finally slowly seeps out into the sample from the micropores of the second sector block 412 and the second circular block 422. At this time, with the help of an external conventional detector, the data of bentonite under normal conditions can be measured.

[0040] During the sinking test, the tester rotates the first rod 32. The first rod 32 will drive the worm wheel 33 to rotate under the support of the ring body 34 through the worm 31. Because the worm wheel 33 is threadedly connected to the second rod 452, and the lower end of the second rod 452 is restricted by the rectangular rod 453 and the fourth port 223 and cannot rotate, the second rod 452 can only be forced to move downward.

[0041] At this point, the inverted cone 454 and the second support assembly 42 connected to the second rod 452 will sink down together. As a result, the central area of ​​the sample that was originally placed on the second circular block 422 will also sink down naturally. At this point, the relevant data can be recorded.

[0042] During the crack condition test, as the second support component 42 continues to move down a short distance, the side of the inverted cone 454 will push against the first L-shaped column 414 in the first support component 41. Because the inverted cone 454 is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, as it continues to move down, the upper part will push the first L-shaped column 414 outward, causing it to slide outward in the second opening 113.

[0043] At this time, the first sector block 411 and the second sector block 412 mounted on the first L-shaped column 414 will also expand outward in sync. Under this linkage, the sample, which was originally in the shape of a disc, is pulled down in the center and pulled outward around the edges, and naturally cracks are pulled out. At this time, the data can be recorded again. The whole operation process is smooth and convenient.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended technical solutions and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite, comprising a testing body (1), the testing body (1) comprising a base (11), a confining pressure sealing assembly (12) disposed on the base (11), and a hydraulic rod (13) disposed on the upper end of the confining pressure sealing assembly (12), characterized in that, Also includes: Deformable mechanism (4) is set on the base (11) and located inside the confining pressure sealing assembly (12). The deformable mechanism (4) includes a circular bearing column located at the center and several fan-shaped parts distributed in a petal-like manner around the circular bearing column. The bentonite sample to be tested is placed on the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts. The moving mechanism (3) is set on the base (11). The power output end of the moving mechanism (3) is connected to the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts respectively, and is used to drive the circular bearing column to generate axial settlement displacement and simultaneously drive several fan-shaped parts to generate radial expansion displacement. The liquid supply mechanism (2) has its output end connected to the interior of the circular support column and several sector components, and is used to supply the external organic pollutant liquid into the circular support column and several sector components respectively. The deformable mechanism (4) includes a second support assembly (42), a rubber membrane (43), a plate (44), a lifting assembly (45), and a plurality of first support assemblies (41). A first cavity (112) is formed inside the base (11). A plurality of second openings (113) are provided through the first cavity (112) on the side near the confining pressure sealing assembly (12). The lower end of the lifting assembly (45) is located inside the first cavity (112). The upper end of the lifting assembly (45) is connected to the lower end of the second support assembly (42) and the lower ends of the plurality of first support assemblies (41). The upper end of the second support assembly (42) and the lower ends of the plurality of first support assemblies (41) are connected to the lower end of the second support assembly (42) and the lower ends of the plurality of first support assemblies (41). The upper end of each support component (41) passes through the second port (113) into the confining pressure sealing component (12) and is connected to the inner wall of the lower end of the rubber membrane (43). The inner wall of the upper end of the rubber membrane (43) is connected to the outer wall of the plate (44). The rubber membrane (43) wraps around the bentonite sample. The lower end of the bentonite sample abuts against the upper surface of the second support component (42) and several first support components (41). The upper end of the bentonite sample abuts against the bottom surface of the plate (44). The upper surface of the plate (44) abuts against the output end of the hydraulic rod (13). The second support component (42) and several first support components (41) are all connected to the liquid supply mechanism (2). The second support component (42) includes a first circular block (421) and a second circular block (422). The upper surface of the first circular block (421) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second circular block (422). The upper surface of the second circular block (422) abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. The first circular block (421) and the second circular block (422) are both located inside the rubber membrane (43). The outer walls of the first circular block (421) and the second circular block (422) abut against the inner wall of the first support component (41). The bottom surface of the first circular block (421) is connected to the upper end of the lifting component (45). The first circular block (421) is provided with a second flow channel (423). The second circular block (422) is provided with micropores inside and on its surface. The micropores, the second flow channel (423), and the liquid supply mechanism (2) of the second circular block (422) are internally connected. The first support component (41) includes a first sector block (411), a second sector block (412), and a first L-shaped column (414). The upper surface of the first sector block (411) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the second sector block (412). The upper surface of the second sector block (412) abuts against the lower end of the bentonite sample. The first sector block (411) and the second sector block (412) are both located inside the rubber membrane (43), and the outer walls of the first sector block (411) and the second sector block (412) abut against the inner wall of the rubber membrane (43). The inner walls of the first sector block (411) and the second sector block (412) abut against the outer walls of the first circular block (421) and the second circular block (422). The bottom surface of the first sector block (411) is connected to the upper end of the lifting assembly (45). The bottom surface of the first sector block (411) is fixedly connected to one end of the first L-shaped column (414). The other end of the first L-shaped column (414) passes through the second port (113) into the first cavity (112) and is connected to the lifting assembly (45). The outer wall of the first L-shaped column (414) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second port (113). The first sector block (411) is provided with a first flow channel (413). The second sector block (412) is provided with micropores inside and on its surface. The micropores, the first flow channel (413), and the liquid supply mechanism (2) of the second sector block (412) are internally connected. The lifting assembly (45) includes a second tube (451), a second rod (452), a rectangular rod (453), and an inverted cone (454). The wider end of the inverted cone (454) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the first circular block (421). The narrower end of the inverted cone (454) extends into the first cavity (112) and is fixedly connected to one end of the second rod (452). The other end of the second rod (452) is fixedly connected to one end of the rectangular rod (453). The other end of the rectangular rod (453) is connected to the liquid supply mechanism (2). The outer wall of the second rod (452) is connected to the moving mechanism (3). The inner wall of the inverted cone (454) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second tube (451). The two ends of the second tube (451) are respectively connected to the second flow channel (423) and the liquid supply mechanism (2). The moving mechanism (3) includes a worm (31), a first rod (32), a worm wheel (33), and a ring (34). One end of the first rod (32) is located outside the base (11), and the other end of the first rod (32) passes through the first cavity (112) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the worm (31). The outer wall of the first rod (32) is rotatably connected to the penetration point of the base (11). The lower end of the ring (34) is connected to the liquid supply mechanism (2), and the upper end of the ring (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the worm wheel (33). The worm (31) meshes with the worm wheel (33), and the axis of the worm wheel (33) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second rod (452).

2. The mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second rod (452) has a spline plate (46) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the end near the inverted cone (454). The spline plate (46) has a plurality of second L-shaped columns, and the side walls of the plurality of second L-shaped columns abut against the outer walls of the plurality of first L-shaped columns (414).

3. The mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite according to claim 2, characterized in that, Sealing gaskets (47) are provided at the abutment points of the first circular block (421) and the first sector block (411), the abutment points of the first sector block (411) and the base (11), and the abutment points of two adjacent first sector blocks (411). The sealing gaskets (47) at the abutment points of the first circular block (421) and the first sector block (411) are annular. The inner wall of the annular sealing gasket (47) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first circular block (421). The outer wall of the sealing gasket (47) abuts against the inner side of the first sector block (411). The sealing gasket (47) at the point where the first sector block (411) abuts against the base (11) and the sealing gasket (47) at the point where the two first sector blocks (411) abut against each other are both sheet-shaped. The sheet-shaped sealing gasket (47) is fixedly connected to the bottom and side surfaces of the first sector block (411). The surface of the sheet-shaped sealing gasket (47) abuts against the upper surface of the base (11).

4. The mechanical property testing device for organically contaminated bentonite according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid supply mechanism (2) includes a first tube (21) and a box (22). A first opening (111) is provided through the bottom surface of the first cavity (112). The outer wall of the upper end of the box (22) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the first opening (111). A second cavity (222) is formed inside the box (22). A fourth opening (223) is provided at the axis of the box (22). Several third flow channels (221) are provided through the upper surface of the box (22). The bottom surface of the box (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the first tube (21). The other end of the first tube (21) is fixedly connected to the output end of an external liquid supply device. The output end, the first tube (21), the second cavity (222) and a number of third channels (221) are internally connected. The number of third channels (221) are also connected to the second tube (451) and the number of first channels (413) through a number of hoses. A third port (114) is provided on one side of each of the number of second ports (113). The hoses connected to the first channels (413) are located in the third ports (114). The hoses connected between the third channels (221) and the second tube (451) and the first channels (413) have a set excess length and are housed in the first cavity (112) of the base (11) in a bent and coiled state.

5. The method for testing the mechanical properties of organically contaminated bentonite according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Place the bentonite sample to be tested on the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts of the deformable mechanism (4), wrap the sealing kit on the outside, and complete the assembly of the test body (1) and the confining pressure sealing assembly (12). Apply a preset constant axial load to the top surface of the bentonite sample through the hydraulic rod (13), and inject fluid into the confining pressure sealing assembly (12) to provide static water confining pressure simulating underground depth. Step 2: Start the liquid supply mechanism (2) to independently and continuously transport the external organic pollutant liquid to the inside of the circular bearing column and several fan-shaped parts, so that the organic pollutant liquid seeps into the bentonite sample from the bottom up and saturates it. After the sample reaches equilibrium under the fluid-solid coupling effect of the pollutant liquid immersion and the hydrostatic pressure, monitor and record the initial axial deformation and basic permeability data of the bentonite sample at this time. Step 3: Start the moving mechanism (3) to drive the circular bearing column at the center of the base (11) to generate a downward axial settlement displacement, so as to simulate the local misalignment and collapse of the foundation below the seepage barrier. At the same time, using the internal mechanical linkage, the peripheral fan-shaped parts are driven to generate radial expansion displacement, and the bentonite sample is subjected to outward horizontal tensile stress, forcing the bentonite sample to generate physical cracks under the combined stress state of vertical shear and horizontal tension. Step 4: During the process of inducing cracks in Step 3 and after the cracks are formed, the hydraulic rod (13) is kept in a constant axial downward motion and the liquid supply mechanism (2) is kept in a liquid injection state. The sudden change data of the permeation flow of organic pollutant liquid along the newly formed cracks of the sample, as well as the mechanical strength decay law of the sample under structural damage state, are monitored and recorded in real time to complete the comprehensive performance test.

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