A building concrete detection device based on visual detection and a use method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of concrete testing technology, and discloses a visual inspection-based concrete testing device and its usage method. The device includes a support assembly, a height adjustment assembly, a visual detector, and a cleaning assembly. The support assembly has a vertical plate and a guide groove. The height adjustment assembly is mounted on the support assembly and drives a fixed plate to move vertically. The visual detector and the cleaning assembly are both fixed to the fixed plate, with the cleaning assembly located below the visual detector. The cleaning assembly includes a brush roller and a cleaning motor, with the outer surface of the brush roller in contact with the concrete surface. This invention achieves simultaneous cleaning and inspection, allowing the brush roller to clean the concrete surface before inspection, removing dust, slag, and other impurities, thus preventing surface contaminants from affecting image clarity. Optional dustproof and clamping components can also be added to improve protection and fixation reliability. The device has a compact structure and effectively ensures the image quality of concrete visual inspection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete testing technology, and in particular to a visual inspection-based building concrete testing device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Visual inspection-based building concrete inspection devices mainly utilize machine vision technology to acquire images of the concrete surface through image acquisition devices such as cameras, and detect and identify cracks and defects in the concrete.

[0003] However, concrete structures are typically situated in complex construction or usage environments, and their surfaces are easily covered with contaminants such as dust, slag, and residual mortar. These contaminants reduce the clarity and accuracy of image acquisition, leading to distorted detection data and consequently affecting the reliability of the test results. Existing detection devices generally lack mechanisms for effectively pre-processing the concrete surface before image acquisition, making it difficult to ensure the consistency of the surface condition for each test and limiting the ability to identify minute cracks or early defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a visual inspection device and method for inspecting building concrete, aiming to improve the problem that existing inspection devices are unable to ensure the cleanliness of concrete surfaces in complex environments, resulting in unreliable visual inspection results.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: including a support component, and further including:

[0006] A height adjustment assembly is mounted on a support assembly. The height adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate, an upper connecting plate, and a lower connecting plate that can move vertically. The upper connecting plate is fixed to the upper end of the fixed plate, and the lower connecting plate is fixed to the lower end of the fixed plate.

[0007] A visual detector, which is fixed to one side of the fixed plate and located between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate;

[0008] The cleaning assembly includes a roller bracket, a brush roller, a cleaning motor, and two L-shaped rods. The upper ends of the two L-shaped rods are fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate, and the lower ends are fixedly connected to both ends of the roller bracket. The brush roller is rotatably mounted on the roller bracket. The cleaning motor is mounted on the roller bracket and is drivenly connected to the brush roller. The outer surface of the brush roller is in contact with the surface of the concrete to be inspected. The lowest point of the brush roller or the cleaning working surface is lower than the lens or detection reference surface of the vision detector in the vertical direction. The brush roller corresponds vertically to the detection area of ​​the vision detector, and the axis of the brush roller is parallel to the optical axis of the vision detector.

[0009] Preferably, the support assembly includes an upper crossbeam, a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate, a base, and a lower crossbeam; both the first and second vertical plates have guide grooves extending vertically inside; the upper crossbeam is fixedly connected to the top of the first and second vertical plates, the two bases are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first and second vertical plates respectively, and the lower crossbeam is fixedly connected between the first and second vertical plates and near the base.

[0010] Preferably, the height adjustment assembly further includes a lifting motor, a lead screw, and two sliders; the lifting motor is fixedly installed at the top of the upper crossbeam; the lead screw is vertically rotatably disposed in the guide groove of the second vertical plate, and the upper end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor; the two sliders are respectively slidably disposed in the guide grooves of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, and the slider located in the guide groove of the second vertical plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw; both ends of the fixed plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two sliders.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a dustproof component, which includes a sleeve block, a locking block, a locking knob, and a dust cover; the sleeve block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper connecting plate, and a locking groove is provided inside the sleeve block; the locking block is inserted into the locking groove, and the dust cover is fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking block; the locking knob passes through the locking block and is threadedly connected to the sleeve block to lock the locking block in the locking groove; the dust cover is located in front of the lens of the vision detector.

[0012] Preferably, the roller bracket has a groove inside, and a roller shaft is rotatably arranged in the groove, with the brush roller fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft; the cleaning motor is fixedly installed at one end of the roller bracket, and the output shaft of the cleaning motor is connected to the roller shaft.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a clamping assembly, which includes a fixing block, an adjusting screw, a screw sleeve, a ball head, a mounting plate, a clamping plate, a clamping arm, and an anti-slip clamping block; the fixing block (31) is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate or the second vertical plate, and one end of the adjusting screw is fixedly connected to the fixing block; the screw sleeve is threaded onto the adjusting screw; the ball head is located at the end of the screw sleeve away from the fixing block; the mounting plate has a movable groove inside, and the ball head is movably located in the movable groove; the clamping plate is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the clamping plate restricts the ball head in the movable groove; the mounting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the clamping arm, and the other end of the clamping arm is fixedly connected to the anti-slip clamping block; the symmetrically arranged anti-slip clamping blocks are arranged opposite each other.

[0014] Preferably, the card plate has a limiting hole, which is sleeved on the outside of the ball head to restrict the ball head within the movable groove.

[0015] Preferably, each vertical plate is provided with three sets of clamping components, located at the upper, middle and lower parts of the vertical plate respectively.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom surface of the base is flush with the bottom ends of the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate.

[0017] A method for using a vision-based concrete inspection device includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Place the two bases of the support assembly on the reference surface on one side of the concrete structure to be tested, adjust the screw sleeves of each clamping assembly, and adjust the extension length of the screw sleeves through the thread transmission so that the anti-slip clamps on both sides clamp the concrete structure from opposite directions; use the hinge structure between the ball head and the mounting plate to make the anti-slip clamps adaptively fit the concrete surface, and complete the overall fixation of the device.

[0019] S2. Insert the clip of the dustproof component into the slot of the sleeve, tighten the locking knob to lock the clip, so that the dust cover completely covers the lens of the vision detector to prevent dust from splashing and contaminating the lens during the cleaning process.

[0020] S3. Start the cleaning motor to drive the roller shaft to rotate the brush roller; start the lifting motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the fixed plate and the cleaning components fixedly connected to it to move synchronously from top to bottom in the vertical direction; the brush roller arrives at the area to be inspected before the vision detector and cleans the dust, slag and residual mortar on the concrete surface.

[0021] S4. After cleaning, loosen the locking knob, pull the block out of the slot, remove the dust cover of the dustproof component, and expose the lens of the vision detector.

[0022] S5. Restart the lifting motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, which will reset the fixed plate to the top and then move it vertically from top to bottom. The vision detector moves along the cleaned concrete surface and collects high-definition image information of the concrete surface line by line.

[0023] S6. The acquired image information is transmitted to the back-end processing unit. Background noise is removed by image preprocessing algorithm, and texture and grayscale features in the image are extracted by feature extraction algorithm. Defect features such as cracks, pores, honeycomb, and pitting on the concrete surface are identified, and finally, a test report of the concrete structure is output.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. This invention achieves synchronous linkage between cleaning and detection by fixing the cleaning component and the vision detector on the same height adjustment component. The brush roller is vertically lower than the vision detector, ensuring the cleaning surface reaches the test area before the detection surface. This removes dust, slag, and other impurities from the concrete surface before the vision detector acquires the image, preventing surface contaminants from interfering with image clarity. The cleaning area of ​​the brush roller corresponds vertically to the detection area of ​​the vision detector along the movement path, ensuring that the entire test area is pre-cleaned. The axis of the brush roller is parallel to the optical axis of the vision detector, aligning the brush mark direction with the movement direction and reducing interference with image feature extraction.

[0026] 2. This invention features a detachable dust cover during the cleaning phase to prevent dust from splashing onto the lens. The dust cover is removed during the detection phase to prevent dust or scratches from adhering to the protective component and introducing image noise. Simultaneously, a clamping assembly with a ball-joint structure is included, which can adaptively adjust to the width of the concrete. The anti-slip clamps can conform to uneven surfaces, providing stable clamping force and preventing the device from shaking during operation, thus ensuring the linearity of the visual detector's movement trajectory and the stability of image acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the height adjustment component and support component structure;

[0029] Figure 3 Exploded view of dustproof components and vision detectors;

[0030] Figure 4 A perspective view of the fixed clamping assembly;

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure for installing the sleeve plate, clamping plate, and ball head;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the split structure for cleaning up components.

[0033] Legend:

[0034] 1. Support assembly; 11. Upper crossbeam; 12. Vertical plate one; 13. Vertical plate two; 14. Base; 15. Lower crossbeam; 2. Height adjustment assembly; 21. Lifting motor; 22. Lead screw; 23. Slider; 24. Fixing plate; 25. Lower connecting plate; 26. Upper connecting plate; 3. Clamping assembly; 31. Fixing block; 32. Adjusting screw; 33. Screw sleeve; 34. Ball head; 35. Mounting sleeve; 36. Clamping plate; 37. Clamping arm; 38. Anti-slip clamping block; 4. Cleaning assembly; 41. L-shaped rod; 42. Roller bracket; 421. Groove; 43. Roller shaft; 44. Cleaning motor; 45. Brush roller; 5. Dustproof assembly; 51. Sleeve block; 511. Slot; 52. Clamping block; 53. Locking knob; 54. Dust cover; 6. Vision detector. Detailed Implementation

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figures 1-6 This embodiment provides a visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device, including a support component 1, a height adjustment component 2, a visual detector 6, and a cleaning component 4.

[0037] Support assembly 1 provides stable support and vertical guidance for the entire device. Support assembly 1 includes an upper crossbeam 11, a first vertical plate 12, a second vertical plate 13, bases 14, and a lower crossbeam 15. The first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13 are arranged parallel to each other, and both have guide grooves extending vertically inside. The upper crossbeam 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13, and the two bases 14 are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13. The bottom surface of the bases 14 is flush with the bottom of the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13, and is used to stably place them on the reference surface of the concrete structure. This reference surface is a plane adjacent to, parallel to, or coplanar with the surface of the concrete to be tested. Through this flush design, when the bases 14 are placed on the reference surface, the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13 are naturally perpendicular to the reference surface, thereby ensuring that the subsequent movement trajectory remains parallel to the surface to be tested, avoiding uneven cleaning pressure or loss of focus due to tilting. The lower crossbeam 15 is fixedly connected between the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13 and is located near the base 14 to enhance the overall rigidity of the support assembly 1.

[0038] The height adjustment assembly 2 is mounted on the support assembly 1 and is used to drive the vision detector 6 and the cleaning assembly 4 to move synchronously in the vertical direction. The height adjustment assembly 2 includes a lifting motor 21, a lead screw 22, two sliders 23, a fixed plate 24, an upper connecting plate 26, and a lower connecting plate 25. The lifting motor 21 is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper crossbeam 11, and its output shaft extends vertically downward through the upper crossbeam 11. The lead screw 22 is vertically rotatably disposed in the guide groove of the second vertical plate 13, and the upper end of the lead screw 22 is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor 21. The two sliders 23 are slidably disposed in the guide grooves of the first vertical plate 12 and the second vertical plate 13, respectively. The slider 23 located in the guide groove of the second vertical plate 13 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 22, while the slider 23 located in the guide groove of the first vertical plate 12 is slidably sleeved on a smooth guide rod (not labeled in the figure). The two ends of the fixed plate 24 are fixedly connected to the two sliders 23, so that the fixed plate 24 can move up and down in the vertical direction under the drive of the lead screw 22. The upper connecting plate 26 is fixed to the upper end of the fixing plate 24, and the lower connecting plate 25 is fixed to the lower end of the fixing plate 24.

[0039] The vision detector 6 is fixed to one side of the fixing plate 24 and is located between the upper connecting plate 26 and the lower connecting plate 25. The vision detector 6 is used to acquire images of the concrete surface. It contains a CCD or CMOS image sensor and can convert optical images into digital image signals for subsequent processing.

[0040] The cleaning assembly 4 is used to pre-clean the concrete surface before inspection by the vision detector 6 to remove dust, scum, and other impurities. The cleaning assembly 4 includes a roller bracket 42, a brush roller 45, a cleaning motor 44, and two L-shaped rods 41. The upper ends of both L-shaped rods 41 are fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate 25, and the lower ends of both L-shaped rods 41 are fixedly connected to both ends of the roller bracket 42. The roller bracket 42 has a slot 421 inside, within which a roller shaft 43 is rotatably mounted, and the brush roller 45 is fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft 43. The cleaning motor 44 is fixedly installed at one end of the roller bracket 42, and its output shaft is connected to the roller shaft 43 for driving the brush roller 45 to rotate. The outer surface of the brush roller 45 is used to contact the surface of the concrete to be inspected.

[0041] In this embodiment, the PLC is electrically connected to the lifting motor 21, the cleaning motor 44 and the vision detector 6, respectively, and is used to control the start, stop and movement direction of each actuator.

[0042] The lowest point or cleaning surface of the brush roller 45 is lower than the lens or detection reference surface of the vision detector 6 in the vertical direction, so that the cleaning surface of the cleaning assembly 4 reaches the area to be measured before the detection surface of the vision detector 6 in the moving direction. At the same time, the axis of the brush roller 45 is parallel to the optical axis of the vision detector 6, and the cleaning area of ​​the brush roller 45 corresponds vertically to the detection area of ​​the vision detector 6 on the moving path. This design brings several beneficial effects: First, the cleaning width of the brush roller 45 at least covers the field of view of the vision detector 6, ensuring that every imaged area on the concrete surface has been pre-cleaned, eliminating any blind spots and ensuring image consistency across the entire detection area; Second, the axis of the brush roller 45 is parallel to the optical axis of the vision detector 6, ensuring that the direction of the brush marks left after cleaning is consistent with the direction of detector movement, reducing interference with subsequent image feature extraction algorithms (such as edge detection and texture analysis), and facilitating accurate identification of real cracks; Third, since the bottom surface of the base 14 is flush with the bottom of the vertical plate, and the movement trajectory is ensured by the vertical guide groove, the brush roller 45 and the vision detector 6 maintain a constant distance from the surface to be measured during movement, ensuring the stability of the cleaning force and detection focal length.

[0043] The method of using the device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] First, place the two bases 14 of the support assembly 1 on the reference surface on one side of the concrete structure to be tested to keep the entire device stable.

[0045] Then, the PLC starts the cleaning motor 44, driving the brush roller 45 to rotate. After a 0.5-second delay, the PLC controls the lifting motor 21 to rotate forward, driving the lead screw 22 to rotate, causing the fixed plate 24 and its cleaning components 4 and vision detector 6 to move at a constant speed from top to bottom along the vertical direction. During this process, the brush roller 45 reaches the area to be inspected before the vision detector 6, rotating and cleaning the dust, slag, and residual mortar on the concrete surface. When the fixed plate 24 moves to the lower limit position, the limit switch installed at the bottom of the guide groove sends a signal to the PLC. The PLC then controls the lifting motor 21 to stop, and after a 1-second delay, controls the lifting motor 21 to reverse, so that the fixed plate 24 returns to the upper limit position. Then, the PLC controls the cleaning motor 44 to stop, and the cleaning process ends.

[0046] After cleaning is completed, the lifting motor 21 is rotated forward again, moving the fixed plate 24 from top to bottom. Simultaneously, the PLC triggers the vision detector 6 to begin continuously acquiring images. The vision detector 6 moves along the cleaned concrete surface, acquiring high-definition image information line by line. When the fixed plate 24 reaches its lower limit position again, the PLC controls the lifting motor 21 to stop and reverse to reset, simultaneously stopping image acquisition by the vision detector 6, thus ending the inspection process.

[0047] Finally, the acquired image information is transmitted to the back-end processing unit, where background noise is removed by image preprocessing algorithms, and features such as texture and grayscale are extracted by feature extraction algorithms to identify defects such as cracks, pores, honeycomb, and pitting on the concrete surface. Finally, an inspection report of the concrete structure is output.

[0048] This embodiment achieves synchronous linkage between cleaning and inspection, effectively avoiding the interference of dust pollution on concrete surface on visual inspection accuracy. At the same time, through spatial overlap design, axis parallel design and base flush design, the reliability of inspection is further improved in terms of coverage integrity, image feature fidelity and motion stability.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further adds a dustproof component 5 and a clamping component 3 to improve the protective capability and fixing reliability of the device.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figures 4-5 The dustproof assembly 5 includes a sleeve block 51, a locking block 52, a locking knob 53, and a dust cover 54. The sleeve block 51 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper connecting plate 26, and a slot 511 is provided inside the sleeve block 51. The locking block 52 is inserted into the slot 511, and the dust cover 54 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking block 52. The locking knob 53 passes through the locking block 52 and is threadedly connected to the sleeve block 51, thereby locking the locking block 52 in the slot 511. When the dust cover 54 is installed in place, the dust cover 54 is located in front of the lens of the vision detector 6 and can completely cover the lens. During the cleaning stage, the dust cover 54 can effectively prevent dust raised by the brush roller 45 from splashing onto the lens; during the detection stage, the locking knob 53 can be loosened, the locking block 52 can be pulled out of the slot 511, the dust cover 54 can be removed, and the lens can be exposed for normal shooting. This detachable design offers a unique advantage: if the dust cover is retained during inspection, its outer surface will accumulate dust, develop scratches, or become blurred due to aging over time. These defects will be imaged by the vision detector, causing image noise or even misjudgment. By completely removing the dust cover before inspection, the lens can directly face the cleaned concrete surface, completely eliminating the potential impact of the protective component itself on image quality.

[0052] Multiple clamping assemblies 3 are provided to clamp and fix the entire device to the concrete structure. In this embodiment, three sets of clamping assemblies 3 are provided on each vertical plate (vertical plate one 12 and vertical plate two 13), located at the upper, middle and lower parts of the vertical plate respectively, to achieve multi-point uniform clamping and prevent the device from shaking during vertical movement. Each set of clamping assemblies 3 includes a fixing block 31, an adjusting screw 32, a screw sleeve 33, a ball head 34, a mounting plate 35, a clamping plate 36, a clamping arm 37 and an anti-slip clamping block 38. The fixing block 31 is fixedly connected to vertical plate one 12 or vertical plate two 13, and one end of the adjusting screw 32 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 31. The screw sleeve 33 is threaded onto the adjusting screw 32, and its extension length can be adjusted by rotating the screw sleeve 33. The ball head 34 is located at the end of the screw sleeve 33 away from the fixing block 31. The mounting plate 35 has a movable groove inside, and the ball head 34 is movably disposed in the movable groove. The clamping plate 36 is fixedly connected to the mounting sleeve 35. The clamping plate 36 has a limiting hole, which is fitted onto the outside of the ball head 34, restricting the ball head 34 within the movable groove, thus forming a ball hinge structure. The mounting sleeve 35 is fixedly connected to one end of the clamping arm 37, and the other end of the clamping arm 37 is fixedly connected to the anti-slip clamping block 38. The symmetrically arranged anti-slip clamping blocks 38 are used to clamp the concrete structure from both sides.

[0053] During installation, after placing the support assembly 1 on one side of the concrete structure, adjust the screw sleeves 33 of each clamping assembly 3 so that the anti-slip clamps 38 on both sides contact the sides of the concrete structure from opposite directions. Utilizing the hinged structure between the ball head 34 and the mounting plate 35, the anti-slip clamps 38 can adaptively conform to uneven areas of the concrete surface, thereby providing a stable clamping force. The three sets of clamping assemblies 3 are distributed at the top, middle, and bottom of the vertical plate, effectively resisting the overturning moment that may be generated during the operation of the device, further ensuring the stability of the movement process.

[0054] This embodiment further improves the adaptability and detection accuracy of the device in harsh environments by adding dustproof component 5 and clamping component 3, while also taking into account the interference problems that the protective components themselves may introduce during long-term use.

Claims

1. A visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings, comprising a support assembly (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Height adjustment assembly (2), which is mounted on support assembly (1), includes a fixed plate (24) movable in the vertical direction, an upper connecting plate (26) and a lower connecting plate (25), the upper connecting plate (26) being fixed to the upper end of the fixed plate (24) and the lower connecting plate (25) being fixed to the lower end of the fixed plate (24); A visual detector (6) is fixed to one side of the fixing plate (24) and located between the upper connecting plate (26) and the lower connecting plate (25); The cleaning assembly (4) includes a roller bracket (42), a brush roller (45), a cleaning motor (44), and two L-shaped rods (41). The upper ends of the two L-shaped rods (41) are fixedly connected to the lower connecting plate (25), and the lower ends are fixedly connected to both ends of the roller bracket (42). The brush roller (45) is rotatably mounted on the roller bracket (42). The cleaning motor (44) is mounted on the roller bracket (42) and is connected to the brush roller (45) in a transmission manner. The outer surface of the brush roller (45) is in contact with the surface of the concrete to be tested. The lowest point of the brush roller (45) or the cleaning working surface is lower than the lens or detection reference surface of the vision detector (6) in the vertical direction. The brush roller (45) corresponds vertically to the detection area of ​​the vision detector (6), and the axis of the brush roller (45) is parallel to the optical axis of the vision detector (6).

2. The visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (1) includes an upper crossbeam (11), a first vertical plate (12), a second vertical plate (13), a base (14), and a lower crossbeam (15). The interior of the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13) is provided with guide grooves extending in the vertical direction. The upper crossbeam (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13). The two bases (14) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13), respectively. The lower crossbeam (15) is fixedly connected between the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13) and close to the base (14).

3. The visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height adjustment assembly (2) also includes a lifting motor (21), a lead screw (22), and two sliders (23); the lifting motor (21) is fixedly installed at the top of the upper crossbeam (11); the lead screw (22) is vertically rotatably disposed in the guide groove of the second vertical plate (13), and the upper end of the lead screw (22) is connected to the output shaft of the lifting motor (21); the two sliders (23) are respectively slidably disposed in the guide grooves of the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13), and the slider (23) located in the guide groove of the second vertical plate (13) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (22); the two ends of the fixed plate (24) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sliders (23).

4. The visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a dustproof component (5), which includes a sleeve block (51), a locking block (52), a locking knob (53), and a dust cover (54); the sleeve block (51) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the upper connecting plate (26), and a slot (511) is provided inside the sleeve block (51); the locking block (52) is inserted into the slot (511), and the dust cover (54) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the locking block (52); the locking knob (53) passes through the locking block (52) and is threadedly connected to the sleeve block (51) to lock the locking block (52) in the slot (511); the dust cover (54) is located in front of the lens of the vision detector (6).

5. A visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller support (42) has a slot (421) inside, and a roller shaft (43) is rotatably installed in the slot (421). The brush roller (45) is fixedly sleeved on the roller shaft (43). The cleaning motor (44) is fixedly installed at one end of the roller support (42), and the output shaft of the cleaning motor (44) is connected to the roller shaft (43).

6. A visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping assembly (3), which includes a fixing block (31), an adjusting screw (32), a screw sleeve (33), a ball head (34), a mounting plate (35), a clamping plate (36), a clamping arm (37), and an anti-slip clamping block (38); the fixing block (31) is fixedly connected to the first vertical plate (12) or the second vertical plate (13), and one end of the adjusting screw (32) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (31); the screw sleeve (33) is threaded onto the adjusting screw (32); the ball head (34) 34) Set at the end of the screw sleeve (33) away from the fixed block (31); the mounting sleeve (35) has a movable groove inside, and the ball head (34) is movably set in the movable groove; the clamping plate (36) is fixedly connected to the mounting sleeve (35), and the clamping plate (36) restricts the ball head (34) in the movable groove; the mounting sleeve (35) is fixedly connected to one end of the clamping arm (37), and the other end of the clamping arm (37) is fixedly connected to the anti-slip clamping block (38); the symmetrically arranged anti-slip clamping blocks (38) are arranged opposite each other.

7. A visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The card plate (36) has a limiting hole, which is sleeved on the outside of the ball head (34) to restrict the ball head (34) within the movable groove.

8. A visual inspection-based concrete inspection device for buildings according to claim 6, characterized in that, Each vertical plate is equipped with three sets of clamping components (3), located at the top, middle and bottom of the vertical plate respectively.

9. A visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the base (14) is flush with the bottom ends of the first vertical plate (12) and the second vertical plate (13).

10. A method of using a visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device, comprising the visual inspection-based building concrete inspection device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place the two bases (14) of the support assembly (1) on the reference surface on one side of the concrete structure to be tested, adjust the screw sleeves (33) of each clamping assembly (3), adjust the extension length of the screw sleeves (33) through the thread transmission, so that the anti-slip clamps (38) on both sides clamp the concrete structure from the opposite direction; use the hinge structure of the ball head (34) and the mounting plate (35) to make the anti-slip clamps (38) adaptively fit the concrete surface, and complete the overall fixation of the device; S2. Insert the clip (52) of the dustproof component (5) into the slot (511) of the sleeve (51), tighten the locking knob (53) to lock the clip (52), so that the dust cover (54) completely covers the lens of the vision detector (6) to prevent dust from splashing and contaminating the lens during the cleaning process. S3. Start the cleaning motor (44) to drive the roller shaft (43) to rotate the brush roller (45); start the lifting motor (21) to drive the lead screw (22) to rotate, and drive the fixed plate (24) and the cleaning assembly (4) fixedly connected to it to move synchronously from top to bottom in the vertical direction; the brush roller (45) arrives at the area to be inspected before the vision detector (6) to clean the dust, slag and residual mortar on the concrete surface; S4. After cleaning, loosen the locking knob (53), pull the block (52) out of the slot (511), remove the dust cover (54) of the dustproof component (5) to expose the lens of the vision detector (6); S5. Start the lifting motor (21) again, drive the lead screw (22) to rotate, drive the fixed plate (24) to reset to the top, and then move from top to bottom along the vertical direction again; the vision detector (6) moves along the cleaned concrete surface and collects high-definition image information of the concrete surface line by line. S6. The acquired image information is transmitted to the back-end processing unit. Background noise is removed by image preprocessing algorithm, and texture and grayscale features in the image are extracted by feature extraction algorithm. Defect features such as cracks, pores, honeycomb, and pitting on the concrete surface are identified, and finally, a test report of the concrete structure is output.

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