Cigarette box authenticity detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of material analysis, and discloses a cigarette box authenticity detection method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium, comprising: using a pulsed light source to emit excitation pulses with a center wavelength of 375nm to act on the printed area of the cigarette box to induce the ink molecules to produce stimulated fluorescent radiation; using time-dependent single-photon counting logic to obtain a fluorescent decay curve; logarithmically linearizing the fluorescent decay curve to determine the decay slope, eliminating the proportional factor including environmental light fluctuations and detection bias, and determining the fluorescent lifetime parameter of the ink molecules; comparing the fluorescent lifetime parameter with the standard lifetime threshold to determine the detection conclusion, the present application extracts the energy level relaxation rule as the identification basis, uses the decoupling characteristics of the decay slope and the light intensity amplitude, eliminates the measurement deviation caused by the light source fluctuation and the detection bias, realizes the identification of the intrinsic physical properties of the material, and solves the problem of visual cloning camouflage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, belonging to the field of materials analysis technology. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the tobacco packaging inspection field uses image recognition and steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy analysis to determine authenticity by collecting the printed pattern features on the cigarette box surface and the steady-state light intensity distribution of the ink under continuous excitation. This method is basically feasible when dealing with conventional counterfeit products. However, in industrial sorting or handheld inspection scenarios, wear on the cigarette box surface, fluctuations in detection distance, and sensor tilt angles cause random shifts in the amplitude of photoelectric signals. These shifts intertwine with the signals characterizing the chemical composition of the ink, leading to stability fluctuations in the detection logic under non-ideal conditions.

[0003] Methods such as adding an environmental calibration reference frame or introducing multi-dimensional image compensation algorithms can alleviate amplitude instability. However, these methods are limited by the static characteristics of light intensity amplitude measurement, leading to an increase in system hardware overhead and computational latency as the compensation dimension increases. Existing technologies cannot distinguish high-imitation ink materials with the same visual color and spectral morphology but different molecular cross-linking structures. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN104641233A discloses a composite suspension analysis array using lifetime coding, which uses fluorescence decay lifetime for coding and identification. The scheme is based on a static discrete identification model of fluorescent probes in an idealized suspension environment. However, in the context of large-scale continuous printing of ink on cigarette packaging, and under high-speed movement and mechanical vibration interference, it lacks dynamic modeling of the physical displacement of the continuous medium in a non-uniform micro-environment. The identification algorithm is difficult to separate the pulse broadening effect of the optical system and the detector reference drift under high-speed conditions. The detection conclusions in the circulation environment are affected by cross-interference of variables such as cigarette box surface contamination and displacement, and cannot directly convert the intrinsic dynamic parameters of the printing ink into a robust identification benchmark.

[0004] Therefore, extracting the intrinsic fingerprint of materials with physical self-compensation characteristics and revealing the differences in energy relaxation caused by differences in the molecular microenvironment of materials has become the technical problem to be solved by this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the background art, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S101: The controller drives the pulse light source to emit a high-frequency excitation pulse with a center wavelength of 375nm onto the printing area on the surface of the cigarette box, causing the printing ink molecules in the printing area to transition from the electronic ground state to the excited state and generate stimulated fluorescence radiation.

[0007] Step S102: Using a time-correlated single-photon counter, after capturing the falling edge level signal of the excitation pulse, a high-speed synchronous sampling window in the time domain from 1 ns to 50 ns is opened to count the photon flow sequence released by the fluorescent molecules in the printing area during the energy level relaxation process, and obtain the fluorescence decay curve that characterizes the exponential evolution of the signal intensity over time.

[0008] Step S103: Perform logarithmic linearization transformation on the fluorescence decay curve to determine the decay slope of the fluorescence decay curve that exhibits linear distribution characteristics in the logarithmic coordinate system. Utilize the physical property that the decay slope and light intensity amplitude are decoupled from each other, and eliminate the light intensity amplitude ratio factor, which includes external ambient light fluctuations, cigarette box surface dirt loss, and optical path detection distance deviation, through linear regression fitting in logarithmic space, to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter that characterizes the intrinsic physical properties of the printing ink molecular microenvironment.

[0009] Step S104: Retrieve the standard lifetime threshold corresponding to the genuine printing ink from the internal memory, calculate the numerical deviation of the fluorescence lifetime parameter relative to the standard lifetime threshold, determine that the cigarette box is genuine when the numerical deviation is within the preset physical tolerance range, determine that the cigarette box is counterfeit when the numerical deviation exceeds the physical tolerance range, determine the detection conclusion and output it to the external display interface.

[0010] Preferably, the opening limitation of the time-domain sampling window in step S102 includes the following steps: using a time-to-digital converter to record the arrival time of each fluorescent photon relative to the excitation pulse, and according to the statistical probability distribution of the arrival time, completing the high-frequency photon counting within a time sub-interval of 5ns to 40ns, and stripping away stray reflected light at the front end of the fluorescence decay curve affected by the background of the optical system.

[0011] Preferably, the processing of the fluorescence decay curve in step S103 includes the following steps: obtaining the average count value when the pulsed light source is in the off state and the synchronous long sampling window is opened as the real-time background noise, and subtracting the real-time background noise from the fluorescence decay curve to improve the extraction accuracy of the decay slope during the logarithmic linearization transformation process.

[0012] Preferably, the driving parameters of the pulsed light source in step S101 include the following steps: setting the excitation pulse width of the pulsed light source to be no more than 100 ps and the pulse repetition frequency to be between 1 MHz and 10 MHz, ensuring that the energy level relaxation processes of ink molecules are independent of each other in adjacent excitation cycles, and avoiding signal overlap of fluorescence decay curves in the time domain. The compensation logic for changes in detection distance includes the following steps: using a position sensor to monitor the real-time displacement of the cigarette box relative to the detector array, and increasing the signal integration time of the detector array when the real-time displacement exceeds a preset displacement threshold to compensate for the attenuation of photon count rate caused by the increase in distance, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescence decay curve is maintained in the range of 20 dB to 40 dB.

[0013] Preferably, the judgment logic for the detection conclusion in step S104 includes the following steps: acquiring multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters at different coordinate points within the printing area, calculating the standard deviation of the multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters relative to their mean, and determining the detection conclusion as the cigarette box being genuine when the standard deviation is lower than a preset consistency index and the mean meets the standard lifetime threshold. This method is completed using a handheld photoelectric detection terminal. The handheld photoelectric detection terminal integrates a single-photon avalanche diode array and time-to-digital conversion logic to capture stimulated fluorescence radiation and convert it into a photon counting sequence with temporal distribution characteristics. The photon counting sequence serves as input data for constructing the fluorescence decay curve and extracting physical properties.

[0014] Preferably, the method further includes: matching the determined fluorescence lifetime parameters with the ink lifetime characteristics of different production batches stored in the database to identify the production line information to which the cigarette box belongs; the matching process is completed by extracting the evolution law of fluorescence lifetime parameters with changes in the ink microenvironment, characterizing the physical shift of energy levels caused by the influence of solvent residue on fluorescent molecules.

[0015] Preferably, the elimination of the light intensity amplitude ratio factor in step S103 includes the following steps: using the least squares method to perform linear regression fitting on the fluorescence decay curve in the logarithmic coordinate system, determining the decay slope of the regression line, and using the negative reciprocal mapping relationship between the decay slope and the fluorescence lifetime parameter to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter, thereby shielding the interference caused by the fluctuation of the total photon flux within the detection window.

[0016] A device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, which is used to implement a method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes.

[0017] An electronic device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes includes: a memory for storing computer program instructions; and a processor for executing the computer program instructions to implement the steps of a method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes.

[0018] A cigarette box authenticity detection storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a cigarette box authenticity detection method.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. In the detection of genuine and counterfeit cigarette boxes, the energy level relaxation time of ink molecules in an excited state is collected. The intrinsic material property of energy level relaxation time is used as the core basis for authenticity identification. The influence of light intensity amplitude shift caused by light source power fluctuation, detection distance deviation and cigarette box surface dirt is eliminated. By extracting the slope of the fluorescence decay curve in logarithmic space, online self-compensation for environmental variables is achieved, maintaining the stability of the detection process in complex circulation environment.

[0021] 2. The method utilizes the synergistic effect of pulse excitation and time-correlated single-photon counting logic to separate the transient response signal of the area under test from the ambient background light and stray reflected light from the optical system on the time axis. By setting a detection window of 1ns to 1000ns after the falling edge of the pulse excitation, only the photon arrival probability distribution of the ink component during the relaxation process is statistically analyzed. This improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal while using the existing photon counting sensor array in the system to achieve signal separation.

[0022] 3. This scheme extends the dimension of authenticity judgment from appearance and graphic features to the field of material molecular dynamics. By utilizing the molecular chain segment arrangement and cross-linking density of ink binder to modulate the lifetime constant, a chemical composition fingerprint model at the material level is constructed. This makes it impossible for counterfeit products to replicate the specific electronic energy level transition characteristics under excited state, even if they imitate the genuine product in visual color and spectral morphology. This improves the specificity of identification for high-quality counterfeit products. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the cigarette box authenticity detection method based on the transient fluorescence attenuation slope characteristics of this invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a logic block diagram of the automatic compensation of multidimensional environmental parameters and physical fingerprint extraction of the present invention.

[0025] The objectives, features, and advantages of this invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0027] A method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes includes the following steps:

[0028] Step S101: The controller drives the pulse light source to emit a high-frequency excitation pulse with a center wavelength of 375nm onto the printing area on the surface of the cigarette box, causing the printing ink molecules in the printing area to transition from the electronic ground state to the excited state and generate stimulated fluorescence radiation.

[0029] Step S102: Using a time-correlated single-photon counter, after capturing the falling edge level signal of the excitation pulse, a high-speed synchronous sampling window in the time domain from 1 ns to 50 ns is opened to count the photon flow sequence released by the fluorescent molecules in the printing area during the energy level relaxation process, and obtain the fluorescence decay curve that characterizes the exponential evolution of the signal intensity over time.

[0030] Step S103: Perform logarithmic linearization transformation on the fluorescence decay curve to determine the decay slope of the fluorescence decay curve that exhibits linear distribution characteristics in the logarithmic coordinate system. Utilize the physical property that the decay slope and light intensity amplitude are decoupled from each other, and eliminate the light intensity amplitude ratio factor, which includes external ambient light fluctuations, cigarette box surface dirt loss, and optical path detection distance deviation, through linear regression fitting in logarithmic space, to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter that characterizes the intrinsic physical properties of the printing ink molecular microenvironment.

[0031] Step S104: Retrieve the standard lifetime threshold corresponding to the genuine printing ink from the internal memory, calculate the numerical deviation of the fluorescence lifetime parameter relative to the standard lifetime threshold, determine that the cigarette box is genuine when the numerical deviation is within the preset physical tolerance range, determine that the cigarette box is counterfeit when the numerical deviation exceeds the physical tolerance range, determine the detection conclusion and output it to the external display interface.

[0032] Preferably, the opening limitation of the time-domain sampling window in step S102 includes the following steps: using a time-to-digital converter to record the arrival time of each fluorescent photon relative to the excitation pulse, and according to the statistical probability distribution of the arrival time, completing the high-frequency photon counting within a time sub-interval of 5ns to 40ns, and stripping away stray reflected light at the front end of the fluorescence decay curve affected by the background of the optical system.

[0033] Preferably, the processing of the fluorescence decay curve in step S103 includes the following steps: obtaining the average count value when the pulsed light source is in the off state and the synchronous long sampling window is opened as the real-time background noise, and subtracting the real-time background noise from the fluorescence decay curve to improve the extraction accuracy of the decay slope during the logarithmic linearization transformation process.

[0034] Preferably, the driving parameters of the pulsed light source in step S101 include the following steps: setting the excitation pulse width of the pulsed light source to be no more than 100 ps and the pulse repetition frequency to be between 1 MHz and 10 MHz, ensuring that the energy level relaxation processes of ink molecules are independent of each other in adjacent excitation cycles, and avoiding signal overlap of fluorescence decay curves in the time domain. The compensation logic for changes in detection distance includes the following steps: using a position sensor to monitor the real-time displacement of the cigarette box relative to the detector array, and increasing the signal integration time of the detector array when the real-time displacement exceeds a preset displacement threshold to compensate for the attenuation of photon count rate caused by the increase in distance, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescence decay curve is maintained in the range of 20 dB to 40 dB.

[0035] Preferably, the judgment logic for the detection conclusion in step S104 includes the following steps: acquiring multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters at different coordinate points within the printing area, calculating the standard deviation of the multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters relative to their mean, and determining the detection conclusion as the cigarette box being genuine when the standard deviation is lower than a preset consistency index and the mean meets the standard lifetime threshold. This method is completed using a handheld photoelectric detection terminal. The handheld photoelectric detection terminal integrates a single-photon avalanche diode array and time-to-digital conversion logic to capture stimulated fluorescence radiation and convert it into a photon counting sequence with temporal distribution characteristics. The photon counting sequence serves as input data for constructing the fluorescence decay curve and extracting physical properties.

[0036] Preferably, the method further includes: matching the determined fluorescence lifetime parameters with the ink lifetime characteristics of different production batches stored in the database to identify the production line information to which the cigarette box belongs; the matching process is completed by extracting the evolution law of fluorescence lifetime parameters with changes in the ink microenvironment, characterizing the physical shift of energy levels caused by the influence of solvent residue on fluorescent molecules.

[0037] Preferably, the elimination of the light intensity amplitude ratio factor in step S103 includes the following steps: using the least squares method to perform linear regression fitting on the fluorescence decay curve in the logarithmic coordinate system, determining the decay slope of the regression line, and using the negative reciprocal mapping relationship between the decay slope and the fluorescence lifetime parameter to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter, thereby shielding the interference caused by the fluctuation of the total photon flux within the detection window.

[0038] A device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, which is used to implement a method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes.

[0039] An electronic device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes includes: a memory for storing computer program instructions; and a processor for executing the computer program instructions to implement the steps of a method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes.

[0040] A cigarette box authenticity detection storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of a cigarette box authenticity detection method.

[0041] Example 1: In the specific application scenario of deploying a cigarette box authenticity detection method on a high-speed automated sorting line, the system faces the technical challenge of non-contact physical identification of high-quality counterfeit cigarette boxes that are visually identical to genuine products. Because cigarette boxes undergo minute vibrations and displacements during high-speed movement, and the surfaces of different batches of cigarette boxes often have fingerprints, grease contamination from manual handling, or wear caused by mechanical friction, traditional detection methods based on absolute light intensity are affected by changes in optical path and fluctuations in surface scattering rate. This generates measurement noise that cannot be filtered out by a fixed threshold, leading to a decrease in the reliability of the identification conclusion. To address the coupling between environmental interference and intrinsic signals... The controller drives a pulsed light source to emit an excitation pulse with a center wavelength of 375nm and a pulse width of no more than 100ps onto the printed area on the surface of the cigarette box, inducing stimulated emission of fluorescent molecules in the printing ink. After capturing the falling edge level signal of the excitation pulse, a time-correlated single-photon counter is used to open a high-speed synchronous sampling window in the time domain from 1ns to 50ns. Within this window, the sequence of photons released by the fluorescent molecules during the energy level relaxation process is recorded, thereby obtaining a fluorescence decay curve that characterizes the exponential evolution of signal intensity over time. This process physically separates the transient stimulated signal from the steady-state background light through time-domain segmentation.

[0042] When extracting the physical properties of the material, the processing unit converts the obtained fluorescence decay curve into a linear feature in a logarithmic coordinate system. The least squares method is used to fit the slope of this decay feature in logarithmic space. Since the decay slope depends on the intrinsic relaxation dynamics of the fluorescent molecules, it is mathematically decoupled from the absolute initial amplitude of the light intensity. The relevant physical process follows the following exponential decay model: ,in, For delay time Photon count rate at time To reflect the proportionality factor of light source power, detection distance and surface loss, Fluorescence lifetime parameters are used to characterize the energy level properties of ink components. This refers to the background noise of the environment.

[0043] By calculating the differential relationship of the fluorescence decay curve in logarithmic space, a logarithmic scaling factor is generated. The automatic cancellation effect eliminates environmental gain fluctuations caused by detector aging, optical path misalignment, or contamination of the cigarette box surface, and extracts fluorescence lifetime parameters. As a physical fingerprint for determining the authenticity of cigarette boxes, the system compares the values ​​with a pre-stored standard lifetime threshold. If the numerical deviation is within a tolerance range of 0.5 ns, it is determined to be genuine. This method shifts the focus of detection from the easily interfered light intensity dimension to the time dimension determined by the molecular energy level structure. Even if counterfeit ink simulates the visual performance of spectral colors, it cannot replicate the unique molecular relaxation dynamics constant of genuine ink. Thus, the detection conclusion is anchored to the chemical composition of the material. In this determination process, the system does not rely on the value of a single sampling point, but drives the detector array to acquire independent lifetime parameters at at least five discrete coordinate points in the printing area. The system calculates the distribution standard deviation of these multiple sets of parameters relative to the spatial mean in nanoseconds. The system compares the above distribution standard deviation with a preset consistency index characterizing the microscopic uniformity of the ink printing coating (i.e., a tolerance upper limit of 0.15 ns). The detection conclusion is established only when the lifetime mean falls within the 0.5 ns tolerance band and the spatial discrete standard deviation is lower than the 0.15 ns index.

[0044] Example 2: This experiment verifies the effectiveness of the cigarette box authenticity detection method using a high-frequency time-resolved spectral physical analysis platform. This platform integrates a single-photon detector array with a time resolution better than 50 ps and a timing and statistical circuit with nanosecond-level synchronous triggering performance. It aims to simulate optical path instability caused by high-frequency mechanical vibrations on a high-speed automated production line. The raw data used in this experiment comes from fluorescence counting sequences collected by the physical experimental platform. To simulate the measurement challenges under real industrial electromagnetic environments, broadband noise with a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB is actively superimposed at the input signal end. Regarding the excitation... The technical consideration for setting the pulse width is to balance the response accuracy of the transient stimulated dynamics process with the signal-to-noise ratio of the stimulated emission signal. Since the energy level relaxation of fluorescent molecules in anti-counterfeiting inks has a sub-nanosecond instantaneous characteristic, in order to prevent the statistical distribution of photon arrival time from producing a time delay broadening effect, the excitation pulse width needs to approach the lower limit of its value range. The excitation pulse width of no more than 100ps is selected as the technical boundary to generate an excitation signal with a steep falling edge, so that the processing unit can capture high-fidelity quenching physical characteristics within a sampling window of 1ns to 50ns.

[0045] In the gradient test to evaluate anti-interference performance, controlled optical path perturbation was generated by adjusting the relative displacement between the detector array and the cigarette box printing area. When the displacement increased in increments from 3.0 mm to 10.0 mm, the count amplitude measured by the control group using steady-state light intensity analysis decreased from 1254.3 count units to 286.7 count units, with a signal attenuation of 77.1%. In contrast, the fluorescence lifetime parameter extracted by the test group using the method of this invention... The fluorescence lifetime parameter consistently remains between 4.18 ns and 4.23 ns, with a deviation of less than 1.2%. This is because the fluorescence lifetime parameter mathematically originates from the differential slope of the decay curve in logarithmic coordinates, which is related to the intensity scaling factor caused by displacement changes. It exhibits physical insensitivity.

[0046] To verify the specificity of identifying differences in material composition, tests were conducted on genuine cigarette boxes containing specific molecular chain segments and counterfeit cigarette boxes with visually identical colors. The fluorescence lifetime extracted from the genuine sample group was measured to be 4.21 ns. Although the counterfeit sample group showed a similar steady-state reflectance spectrum, due to the difference in their excited-level relaxation kinetic constants, the measured value was 2.85 ns. This deviation exceeded the preset physical tolerance band of 0.5 ns, leading to a definitive conclusion of counterfeit product identification. Furthermore, when an out-of-range control group with a pulse width of 500 ps was introduced, the fluorescence obtained from the fitting process was affected by the overlapping convolution of the excitation and relaxation processes in the time domain. The lifetime parameter shifted to 6.12ns, causing the discrimination logic to misidentify genuine products. This demonstrates the necessity of the 100ps pulse width boundary for maintaining the decoupled state of the signal. The experimental data reflects the deterministic correlation between time-resolved characteristics and intrinsic physical properties of materials. It confirms the physical path of this invention to solve environmental gain fluctuations by extracting molecular-level relaxation constants. The related anti-interference characteristics and discrimination accuracy support the technical solution of using the stimulated evolution characteristics of materials for authenticity identification. This frees the detection conclusion from dependence on the absolute value of light intensity and anchors the discrimination benchmark on the intrinsic properties of the chemical composition of printing ink.

[0047] Example 3: In industrial calibration scenarios for high-frequency parameter calibration and system self-compensation, the cigarette box authenticity detection system faces the risk of dark count benchmark drift due to detector aging. Because the dark count rate of a photomultiplier tube or single-photon avalanche diode evolves non-linearly over time, a logical mismatch occurs between the pre-stored standard lifetime threshold and the real-time measured time-resolved characteristics. To bring the detection benchmark back to a controlled state, the controller drives a pulsed light source to act on a source with a known constant fluorescence lifetime. Standard sample, collection Group of time-domain photon counting sequences, for the first photon in each group of sequences Each time channel records the instantaneous count rate. The processing unit establishes a discrete logarithmic vector, where the first... Photon count of each channel The calculation logic is as follows: ,in, For the first The number of photon count pairs per channel For the first Each channel has a delay time Instantaneous count rate at the location, The background count value is the environmental count value measured with the excitation source off.

[0048] The processing unit uses linear regression to fit the logarithmic vector to the corresponding time-scale sequence, and determines the decay slope by calculating the ratio of the sample covariance to the time autovariance. And then according to the relation The system extracts the measured lifetime values ​​and obtains the standard deviation of the lifetime value distribution by performing 100 consecutive repeated measurements. And 3σ is defined as the boundary of the physical tolerance zone required to determine whether a product is genuine, within the measured standard deviation. When the value is 0.16 ns, the calculated physical tolerance band is 0.5 ns. This value is stored in non-volatile memory as a dynamically updated logical criterion to cover the measurement noise generated by the evolution of the physical performance of optoelectronic devices.

[0049] To address the axial displacement interference caused by cigarette boxes on the sorting conveyor belt, the system utilizes position sensors to obtain the real-time distance between the printed area of ​​the cigarette box and the detector window. When the real-time distance Deviation from rated detection distance At that time, the controller calculates the integral time correction factor according to the inverse square law of distance. Correction factor The following calculation model is satisfied: ,in, This is a dimensionless integral time correction factor. The real-time distance is measured by the position sensor. The processing unit determines the rated detection range preset by the system based on the correction factor. The gating integration time of the single-photon counter is extended synchronously to compensate for photon loss caused by the reduction in the detection solid angle. This process adjusts the number of sampling cycles through the preload register of the hardware timer to keep the signal load entering the fitting stage within the preset linear response range, avoiding a decrease in fitting accuracy due to weak signal strength. When performing the above register adjustment, at the end of each gating integration cycle, the processing unit picks up the peak effective photon count stream of the attenuation curve and the dark count baseline in the last time period of the acquisition in real time. By calculating the logarithm of the average amplitude ratio of the two, the measured signal-to-noise ratio state parameter of the current cycle is generated. The system feeds this state parameter directly back to the hardware timer. Once the measured value reaches the 20dB lower limit threshold, a new round of integration cycle accumulation instruction is triggered. When the accumulated gain makes the state parameter reach the 40dB upper limit tolerance, the hardware timer is forcibly truncated and locked, thus forming a deterministic negative feedback adaptive integration closed loop. Finally, through discretization processing at the algorithm level and gain compensation at the physical level, the detection system maintains the benchmark consistency of physical fingerprint extraction during long-term operation.

[0050] Example 4: In an application scenario where the stability of detection is improved by constructing a database of the characteristics of printing inks for cigarette boxes of different brands and specifications, the system faces the problem of physical characteristic shifts caused by fluctuations in the amount of fluorescent additives added in the printing ink formulation. To determine the standard lifetime threshold reference system for each brand, the controller drives a pulsed light source to illuminate the sample database. A sample of a genuine cigarette box emits stimulated pulses. The processing unit statistically collects the photon sequence, subtracts background noise, and calculates the mean based on the statistical distribution of each sample in the stimulated state. When the number of samples When the value is 50 and the peak photon count in a single sampling reaches 1000, the processing unit defines the measured centroid of the lifetime distribution as the benchmark lifetime parameter for that brand. The distribution width is obtained through Gaussian fitting, and the standard deviation of the resulting distribution is calculated. Three times is defined as the physical tolerance zone boundary required to determine if a product is genuine, in actual measurement When the value is 0.16 ns, the calculated physical tolerance band is 0.5 ns. This value is stored in non-volatile memory as a dynamically updated logical criterion to match the physical evolution characteristics of different batches of materials.

[0051] When the detection device is deployed in a semi-open logistics sorting plant with day-night temperature variations, the system faces the problem of intriguing drift in fluorescence lifetime parameters caused by changes in ambient temperature. Since the nonradiative transition rate of fluorescent molecules increases with rising ambient temperature, the real-time measured physical fingerprint exhibits a temperature-negative deviation. The system automatically initiates an environmental compensation process every 3600 seconds, with the controller reading the real-time ambient temperature collected by the built-in temperature sensor. ,when With the calibration temperature When the absolute deviation exceeds 2℃, the processing unit calculates the temperature compensation coefficient based on the linearized approximation model of the Arrhenius formula. Corrected fluorescence lifetime parameters Satisfy the formula ,in, These are the fluorescence lifetime parameters after temperature compensation. This is the raw measured value of fluorescence lifetime acquired in real time. This is a correction factor determined from the ink thermal sensitivity coefficient table. For real-time ambient temperature, To calibrate the system temperature, this compensation mechanism limits the measurement error caused by environmental temperature drift to within 10% of the physical tolerance band, ensuring that the discrimination logic maintains the extraction of the intrinsic properties of the material's chemical components under varying temperature environments. The ink thermal sensitivity coefficient table is pre-constructed through controlled thermodynamic calibration experiments before shipment. The system extracts the interference-free intrinsic fluorescence lifetime parameters of the target ink point-by-point within the physical boundary of -20℃ to 60℃ in 0.5℃ increments within an environmental constant-temperature test chamber. The physical slope of the temperature response at each point is obtained by taking the first-order linear derivative of the discrete temperature distribution. The corresponding slope is then divided by the lifetime constant at the reference temperature, thereby calculating the correction factor specific to each ink model covering all operating conditions. This parameter matrix is ​​then burned into the internal non-volatile memory using an offline lookup table method, establishing the fluorescence lifetime parameters as a function of the ink's microenvironment. The objective physical mapping relationship of solvent residue evolution provides a process for tracing production line characteristics and calibrating parameters. Based on the molecular collision quenching dynamics mechanism, excited-state fluorescent molecules collide with residual solvent molecules in the surrounding microenvironment, expanding the energy dissipation channel for non-radiative transitions. This causes the extracted fluorescence lifetime parameter to shorten with increasing solvent content. A set of genuine cigarette box samples from known production lines and sealed storage is selected as the calibration input. The actual solvent mass fraction in the printing area of ​​each sample is measured using gas chromatography. Simultaneously, a time-correlated single-photon counter is used to extract the corresponding baseline fluorescence lifetime parameter. The processing unit correlates the actual solvent mass fraction and the baseline fluorescence lifetime parameter into discrete data pairs. The least squares method is used to fit the linear response boundary of the discrete data pairs to generate the slope parameter characterizing the thermodynamic characteristics of the drying process of the target production line. The formula for calculating the characteristic slope parameter is as follows: ,in, To calibrate the slope parameter, which reflects the physical characteristics of lifetime evolution, To calibrate the time-domain drift of the baseline fluorescence lifetime parameter caused by solvent evaporation in the microenvironment, To calibrate the actual solvent mass fraction concentration difference using gas chromatography, the processing unit writes the characteristic slope parameters corresponding to multiple production lines into a non-volatile memory to construct a traceability feature database. At the industrial site measurement nodes, the inherent physical differences in the drying hot air flow field and conveyor speed of different production lines result in specific initial solvent mass fractions and evaporation evolution curves for the cigarette boxes. The processing unit collects the real-time fluorescence lifetime parameters of the cigarette boxes under test and calculates the measured equivalent factory offset based on the characteristic slope parameters of the target batch. The processing unit obtains the production batch number and factory timestamp printed on the cigarette box surface through optical character recognition. Using this as an absolute time anchor, it retrieves the initial reference fluorescence lifetime constant of that specific batch number from the traceability feature database. The system calculates the physical difference between the currently acquired real-time fluorescence lifetime parameter and this initial reference constant, and divides this time-domain drift by the characteristic slope parameter calibrated for the corresponding production line, thereby unifying the physical evolution... The equivalent factory offset experienced by the material is derived through a single discrete sampling under the model. The difference between the measured equivalent factory offset and the time span of the physical batch printed on the cigarette box surface is calculated. If the difference is greater than the set time safety tolerance of 72 hours, the processing unit outputs a rejection instruction to the external interception mechanism. At the same time, for normally circulating cigarette boxes that have been verified and whose time difference is within the safety tolerance, the processing unit extracts the time-domain physical drift corresponding to the measured equivalent factory offset and uses this evolution value as a dynamic compensation factor to be positively superimposed on the standard life threshold retrieved in step S104. This compensation conversion process maps the originally static and solidified physical tolerance band into a judgment interval that dynamically slides with the physical service time of the material. In this way, the life shortening deviation caused by natural volatilization aging is removed in the final authenticity judgment benchmark, avoiding the static mechanism from misjudging and intercepting genuine old batch materials. The above steps close the deduction path from molecular energy level parameter measurement to batch information verification.

[0052] Example 5: When deploying the cigarette box authenticity detection method in a pipeline initialization adaptation scenario with complex wiring length differences, the system faces the challenge of signal phase shift caused by jitter triggered by the drive pulse. Due to the different signal transmission paths of different lengths and the inherent parasitic capacitance of electronic components, the collected fluorescence decay curve will be shifted on the time axis, so that the time domain sampling window cannot accurately cover the initial excitation moment of the printing ink molecules. In order to establish the time alignment benchmark of the entire system, the controller drives the pulse light source to act on the diffuse reflection standard sample without fluorescent active components. The timing analysis circuit collects the time distribution statistical sequence of the reflection signal and fits the instrument response function of the system. The processing unit searches for the clock phase corresponding to the highest count value in the response function and defines the moment corresponding to the phase as the timing zero point. When processing the fluorescence decay curves, the processing unit maps each arrival time to a value that satisfies the calculation relationship. The effective delay time, of which, This is the corrected effective delay time. The arrival time of the original record. The process eliminates physical fingerprint bias caused by differences in the physical properties of hardware wiring by reconstructing the time axis reference frame to determine the timing zero point determined by the system response function.

[0053] When the detection system is operating at a high output rate in sorting operations and the instantaneous photon flux density within the detection window exceeds the linear response threshold, the system faces interference from photon accumulation nonlinear distortion caused by the high count rate. Because the detector has a dead time during the charge recovery process after capturing photons, the timing analysis circuit experiences statistical loss of the signal at the latter end of the fluorescence decay curve, causing the fitted fluorescence lifetime parameter to shift towards a shorter lifetime. To maintain the accuracy of signal extraction, the controller monitors the average count rate of the single-photon counter in real time. Repetition frequency of pulsed light source The ratio relationship, when the count rate accounts for The stacking compensation logic is automatically activated when the value reaches 1%. This represents the percentage of the count rate. The average count rate, Given the repetition frequency of the pulsed light source, the processing unit calculates the raw photon count rate for each time channel based on the Poisson distribution probability model. After correction, the corrected photon count rate is obtained. ,in, This is the corrected photon count rate. The original photon count rate, The repetition frequency of the pulsed light source enables the system to accurately reproduce the intrinsic relaxation characteristics of ink molecules even when the signal load is oversaturated due to excessively close detection distance.

[0054] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S101: The controller drives the pulse light source to emit a high-frequency excitation pulse with a center wavelength of 375nm onto the printing area on the surface of the cigarette box, causing the printing ink molecules in the printing area to transition from the electronic ground state to the excited state and generate stimulated fluorescence radiation. Step S102: Using a time-correlated single-photon counter, after capturing the falling edge level signal of the excitation pulse, a high-speed synchronous sampling window in the time domain from 1 ns to 50 ns is opened to count the photon flow sequence released by the fluorescent molecules in the printing area during the energy level relaxation process, and obtain the fluorescence decay curve that characterizes the exponential evolution of the signal intensity over time. Step S103: Perform logarithmic linearization transformation on the fluorescence decay curve to determine the decay slope of the fluorescence decay curve that exhibits linear distribution characteristics in the logarithmic coordinate system. Utilize the physical property that the decay slope and light intensity amplitude are decoupled from each other, and eliminate the light intensity amplitude ratio factor, which includes external ambient light fluctuations, cigarette box surface dirt loss, and optical path detection distance deviation, through linear regression fitting in logarithmic space, to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter that characterizes the intrinsic physical properties of the printing ink molecular microenvironment. Step S104: Retrieve the standard lifetime threshold corresponding to the genuine printing ink from the internal memory, calculate the numerical deviation of the fluorescence lifetime parameter relative to the standard lifetime threshold, determine that the cigarette box is genuine when the numerical deviation is within the preset physical tolerance range, determine that the cigarette box is counterfeit when the numerical deviation exceeds the physical tolerance range, determine the detection conclusion and output it to the external display interface.

2. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening limitation of the time domain sampling window in step S102 includes the following steps: using a time-to-digital converter to record the arrival time of each fluorescent photon relative to the excitation pulse, and according to the statistical probability distribution of the arrival time, completing the high-frequency photon counting within the time sub-interval of 5ns to 40ns, and stripping away stray reflected light at the front end of the fluorescence decay curve that is affected by the background of the optical system.

3. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing of the fluorescence decay curve in step S103 includes the following steps: obtaining the average count value when the pulsed light source is in the off state and the synchronous long sampling window is opened as the real-time background noise, and subtracting the real-time background noise from the fluorescence decay curve to improve the extraction accuracy of the decay slope during the logarithmic linearization transformation.

4. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving parameters of the pulsed light source in step S101 include the following steps: setting the excitation pulse width of the pulsed light source to be no more than 100 ps and the pulse repetition frequency to be between 1 MHz and 10 MHz, ensuring that the energy level relaxation process of ink molecules in adjacent excitation cycles is independent of each other, and avoiding signal overlap of fluorescence decay curves in the time domain. The compensation logic for changes in detection distance in the method includes the following steps: using a position sensor to monitor the real-time displacement of the cigarette box relative to the detector array, and increasing the signal integration time of the detector array when the real-time displacement exceeds the preset displacement threshold to compensate for the attenuation of photon count rate caused by the increase in distance, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the fluorescence decay curve is maintained in the range of 20 dB to 40 dB.

5. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The judgment logic for the detection conclusion in step S104 includes the following steps: acquiring multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters at different coordinate points within the printing area, calculating the standard deviation of multiple fluorescence lifetime parameters relative to their mean, and determining the detection conclusion as the cigarette box being genuine when the standard deviation is lower than the preset consistency index and the mean meets the standard lifetime threshold. This method is completed using a handheld photoelectric detection terminal. The handheld photoelectric detection terminal integrates a single-photon avalanche diode array and time-to-digital conversion logic to capture stimulated fluorescence radiation and convert it into a photon counting sequence with temporal distribution characteristics. The photon counting sequence serves as the input data for constructing the fluorescence decay curve and extracting physical properties.

6. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method also includes: matching the determined fluorescence lifetime parameters with the ink lifetime characteristics of different production batches stored in the database to identify the production line information of the cigarette box; the matching process is completed by extracting the evolution law of fluorescence lifetime parameters with the change of ink microenvironment, and characterizing the physical shift of energy level caused by the influence of solvent residue on fluorescent molecules.

7. The method for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elimination of the light intensity amplitude scaling factor in step S103 includes the following steps: using the least squares method to perform linear regression fitting on the fluorescence decay curve in the logarithmic coordinate system, determining the decay slope of the regression line, and using the negative reciprocal mapping relationship between the decay slope and the fluorescence lifetime parameter to determine the fluorescence lifetime parameter, thus shielding the interference caused by the fluctuation of the total photon flux within the detection window.

8. A device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, characterized in that, The cigarette box authenticity detection device is used to implement the cigarette box authenticity detection method described in claim 1.

9. An electronic device for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, characterized in that, include: Memory is used to store computer program instructions; A processor for executing computer program instructions to implement the steps of the cigarette box authenticity detection method as described in claim 1.

10. A storage medium for detecting the authenticity of cigarette boxes, characterized in that, The cigarette box authenticity detection storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the cigarette box authenticity detection method as described in claim 1.

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