An X-ray image acquisition method and system applied to a high injection rate neutron environment

Abstract

The application relates to an X-ray image acquisition method and system applied to a high injection rate neutron environment, relating to the technical field of X-ray image processing, which comprises the following steps: arranging an X-ray conversion screen and an image sensor in a high injection rate neutron environment; the X-ray conversion screen converts received X-rays into visible light and temporarily stores the visible light by using the afterglow characteristics of the X-ray conversion screen; during the duration of neutron irradiation, the image sensor is controlled to be in a global reset state; after the end of neutron irradiation, the image sensor is controlled to end the global reset state and perform exposure, visible light emitted by the afterglow of the X-ray conversion screen is collected, and the visible light is converted into an X-ray image signal; the method is used for solving the problems of poor anti-neutron radiation capacity, low acquisition stability and long acquisition cycle of a traditional method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of X-ray image processing technology, specifically to an X-ray image acquisition method and system applied in a high flux rate neutron environment. Background Technology

[0002] Inertial confinement fusion experiments require large-scale laser devices and generate high-intensity, extremely broad-spectrum transient radiation fields during the experiment, encompassing X-rays, 14 MeV neutrons, and more. X-rays emit various types of radiation, including photons. As a core diagnostic device in experiments, X-ray imaging equipment needs to be deployed close to the target, making efficient shielding difficult. Therefore, it will be subjected to 14 MeV, a pulse width of approximately 100 ps, ​​and a fluence rate of 2e8 for extended periods. ~5e12 The strong neutron irradiation effect.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream approach for X-ray image acquisition in high-flux-rate neutron environments is to directly use CMOS cameras, CCD cameras, or film to record images. However, this type of technology has certain drawbacks under strong seed irradiation, specifically:

[0004] 1. Image sensors in CMOS / CCD cameras are prone to single-event latch-up and single-event upset effects under strong neutron irradiation, leading to device burnout, control logic disorder, and interruption of image acquisition and transmission, resulting in a high failure rate. At the same time, neutron bombardment will ionize the sensor's sensitive area, generating a large amount of charge and forming droplet-shaped, linear, granular, and clustered bright spot noise, resulting in high background noise and extremely poor signal-to-noise ratio, making it impossible to obtain clear and effective X-ray diagnostic images.

[0005] 2. Radiation-protected CMOS cameras in the aviation and nuclear power fields focus on avoiding permanent damage to the devices. After a failure, the function can be restored by restarting or resetting. However, laser fusion experiments are single transient experiments with no opportunity for repeated acquisition or fault recovery. It is necessary to ensure that the single acquisition is absolutely reliable. Conventional restart and reset methods cannot meet the experimental requirements.

[0006] 3. Although film can suppress neutron noise, the target field is a high-dose radiation environment after the experiment. The process of film replacement, washing, and digital conversion is cumbersome and time-consuming, making it impossible to achieve real-time data acquisition and transmission, and difficult to meet the requirements of rapid diagnosis and real-time analysis in laser fusion experiments.

[0007] Therefore, we propose a method that has strong resistance to neutron irradiation, high stability of single-experiment acquisition, and strong real-time acquisition capability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide an X-ray image acquisition method and system for use in high flux rate neutron environments, which solves the problems of poor neutron radiation resistance, low acquisition stability and long acquisition cycle of traditional methods.

[0009] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] A method for acquiring X-ray images in a high-flux-rate neutron environment, specifically comprising:

[0011] The X-ray conversion screen and image sensor are placed in a high fluence rate neutron environment;

[0012] The X-ray conversion screen utilizes its own afterglow properties to convert the received X-rays into visible light and temporarily store them.

[0013] During the continuous neutron irradiation, the image sensor is controlled to be in a global reset state;

[0014] After the neutron irradiation ends, the image sensor is controlled to exit the global reset state and perform exposure, acquiring the visible light emitted by the afterglow of the X-ray conversion screen and converting it into an X-ray image signal.

[0015] Furthermore, the X-ray conversion screen is a fluorescent screen, a scintillator, or a gold cathode image intensifier, with a fluorescence lifetime ≥ 0.1 ms.

[0016] Furthermore, the image sensor employs an exposure mode combining global reset and rolling shutter readout, with the difference in exposure start time between each pixel row ≤ 1. .

[0017] Furthermore, the duration of the exposure is ≥1ms.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes using a main control module to control the operation of the image sensor, the main control module being placed in the low-injection-rate neutron region, and the control signals including at least a Ready signal and an Exp_start signal;

[0019] The main control module controls the image sensor to switch between global reset state, exposure state, and readout state by changing the level states of the Ready signal and the Exp_start signal.

[0020] An X-ray image acquisition system for high flux rate neutron environments, comprising:

[0021] An X-ray conversion screen, set up in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert incident X-rays into visible light and temporarily store them using its own afterglow properties.

[0022] An image sensor, positioned in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert visible light emitted from the X-ray conversion screen into image data;

[0023] The main control module is located in the low-injection-rate neutron region and is communicatively connected to the image sensor. It is used to control the reset, exposure and readout of the image sensor.

[0024] The main control module is configured to: control the image sensor to be in a global reset state during the neutron irradiation period; and control the image sensor to be exposed after the neutron irradiation ends.

[0025] Furthermore, the image sensor and the main control module each have independent power supplies and clocks. The communication interface between them includes a data transmission interface for transmitting image data, an instruction transmission interface for issuing configuration parameters, and a control signal interface for controlling the switching of the image sensor's working state.

[0026] Furthermore, the control signal interface includes a Ready signal line and an Exp_start signal line; the main control module sets the image sensor to a global reset state by setting the Ready signal to a high level, triggers the image sensor to stop resetting and start exposure by using the Exp_start signal, and sets the image sensor to a low level by setting the Ready signal to end exposure and enter the readout state.

[0027] Furthermore, the main control module is configured to set the trigger timing based on the pre-time and exposure delay time of the control signal;

[0028] The pre-set time and the exposure delay time are calculated based on the time difference between X-rays and neutrons, the charge clearing time of the image sensor, and the delay of the control signal cable.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes a host computer, which is located in a low-dose area outside the biological protective wall and is connected to the main control module via optical fiber or cable. The host computer is used to send instructions to the main control module and receive the returned image data.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention discloses an X-ray image acquisition method and system applied in a high flux rate neutron environment. By using the afterglow of an X-ray conversion screen to retain X-ray information and keeping the image sensor in a globally reset state during the neutron irradiation, and then performing exposure acquisition after the neutron irradiation ends, the image sensor only receives visible light emitted by the afterglow of the conversion screen at the time of exposure. This allows for the acquisition of neutron-free X-ray images in a single experiment, significantly improving the image signal-to-noise ratio and diagnostic clarity. At the same time, it avoids direct interference from neutron irradiation on the image acquisition process, ensuring high reliability of single-experiment acquisition.

[0032] In addition, the main control module and the image sensor are set up separately. The main control module is placed in the low fluence rate neutron region, while only the image sensor is placed in the high fluence rate neutron environment. This reduces the probability of the control logic malfunctioning due to neutron irradiation and further ensures the stability of the acquisition process and the survivability of the equipment.

[0033] Furthermore, the main control module and the image sensor communicate via only two control signal lines, Ready and Exp_start, to switch between the three states of reset, exposure, and readout. This simple interface reduces the number of complex components in high-flux areas and lowers the irradiation sensitivity.

[0034] It is important to note that the main control module calculates the pre-set time and exposure delay time based on the time difference between X-rays and neutrons, the charge clearing time of the image sensor, and the delay of the control signal cable, and sets the trigger timing accordingly. This ensures that the exposure time falls precisely after the neutron irradiation ends and within the afterglow duration of the conversion screen, further guaranteeing the integrity of X-ray signal acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray image acquisition method and system for use in a high flux rate neutron environment according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the level change states of the Ready signal and Exp_start signal in this invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an X-ray image acquisition system applied in a high flux rate neutron environment according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 3.9e8 X-ray images acquired by this system under neutron flux conditions;

[0039] Figure 5 1.5e8 X-ray images acquired by this system under neutron flux conditions;

[0040] Figure 6 5.5e7 X-ray images directly acquired using a CMOS camera under neutron flux conditions;

[0041] Figure 7 1.5e8 X-ray images directly acquired using a CCD camera under neutron flux conditions;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of an X-ray image acquisition system applied in a high flux rate neutron environment according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment provides an X-ray image acquisition method applied in a high-flux-rate neutron environment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this method aims to address the problem of a sharp drop in the signal-to-noise ratio and low acquisition reliability of X-ray images caused by neutron irradiation interference in high-radiation scenarios such as inertial confinement fusion. This method is particularly suitable for single transient experiments, which require obtaining clear, noise-free diagnostic images while ensuring the survivability of the equipment.

[0046] Furthermore, this method primarily utilizes the afterglow characteristics of the X-ray conversion screen to temporarily store X-ray image information, and forces the image sensor to a global reset state during the neutron irradiation period to clear the interference charges generated by neutron bombardment; after the neutron irradiation ends, the image sensor is triggered to expose again, acquiring only the pure X-ray signal carried by the afterglow of the conversion screen, thereby achieving complete temporal separation between the X-ray signal and neutron noise; the specific steps include:

[0047] S1. The X-ray conversion screen and image sensor are placed in a high-flux-rate neutron environment;

[0048] S2. The X-ray conversion screen is used to convert incident X-rays into visible light and to temporarily store the converted visible light using its own afterglow characteristics;

[0049] In inertial confinement fusion experiments, pulses with a width of approximately 100 ps and fluence rates as high as 2e8 to 5e12 are generated inside the target chamber. The 14 MeV transient neutron pulse generates a high-flux-rate neutron environment. Due to the difference in flight velocity, neutrons arrive at the detector approximately 20 to 100 ns later than X-rays (depending on the target chamber working distance). X-ray conversion screens (such as P43 fluorescent screens) respond very weakly to neutrons, but their typical fluorescence afterglow lifetime is 0.6 ms, much greater than the time difference between neutrons and X-rays. Therefore, the conversion screen can continue to emit light for milliseconds after X-ray arrival, while neutron irradiation will not produce effective fluorescence within this window period.

[0050] This utilizes the afterglow characteristic of the conversion screen to stretch nanosecond-level pulsed X-ray signals into millisecond-level visible light afterglow, creating the prerequisite for subsequent image sensor exposure and acquisition within a neutron-free time window. Simultaneously, the conversion screen's own low neutron response constitutes the first layer of noise reduction.

[0051] It should be noted that the X-ray conversion screen is a fluorescent screen (such as P43), a scintillator (such as CsI:Tl), or a gold cathode image intensifier, with a fluorescence lifetime ≥0.1ms, to ensure millisecond-level afterglow duration and provide a sufficient time window for post-exposure.

[0052] S3. During the continuous neutron irradiation, the image sensor is controlled to be in a global reset state; at this time, the image sensor continuously clears the electron-hole pairs generated by neutron bombardment in its pixel array to avoid any charge accumulation.

[0053] Specifically, when high-flux-rate neutrons bombard the diode array of an image sensor, energy is deposited in the sensitive area through elastic scattering, inelastic scattering, and nuclear reactions, ionizing and generating a large number of electron-hole pairs, forming droplet-shaped, linear, or clustered bright spot noise. If left untreated, this noise will be superimposed on the subsequent X-ray signal, resulting in an extremely poor image signal-to-noise ratio. By forcing the image sensor into a global reset state, the charge storage nodes of all pixels are continuously shorted to the reference potential, so that any interfering charges generated during neutron irradiation are instantly cleared and cannot accumulate.

[0054] Therefore, during the contamination period of neutron irradiation, the image sensor is transformed into a charge purifier, fundamentally eliminating the mixing of neutron noise and X-ray signals at the sensor level.

[0055] It should be noted that the image sensor can employ an exposure mode that combines global reset and rolling shutter readout, with the difference in exposure start time between each pixel row ≤ 1. This setting can effectively compensate for the exponential decay characteristics of the afterglow of the fluorescent screen and avoid uneven image brightness caused by inconsistent exposure start times between rows.

[0056] Furthermore, the exposure duration of the image sensor is ≥1ms to fully cover the main afterglow decay process of a typical fluorescent screen (such as P43, fluorescence lifetime 0.6ms), ensuring efficient acquisition of X-ray signals.

[0057] S4. After the neutron irradiation ends, control the image sensor to end the global reset state and perform exposure, collect the visible light emitted by the afterglow of the X-ray conversion screen, and convert it into an X-ray image signal.

[0058] Once the neutron pulse has completely passed through the detector area, the image sensor terminates its global reset state and triggers exposure. At this point, there are no more high-energy neutrons bombarding the environment, and the image sensor operates in a clean, low-noise state. During exposure, the sensor only receives afterglow emission from the X-ray conversion screen, which corresponds exactly to the previously arriving X-ray signal and contains no neutron-induced transient bright spots. The exposure duration must cover the main afterglow decay period of the conversion screen, typically set to ≥1 ms, to ensure signal acquisition integrity.

[0059] By placing the exposure operation after the neutron irradiation is completed, the X-ray signal and neutron noise are completely decoupled in the time dimension. The final acquired image contains only the afterglow information of the conversion screen, which completely eliminates the interference such as clustering and water droplet noise that are common in traditional methods under high flux rate neutron environment, and significantly improves the image signal-to-noise ratio and diagnostic accuracy.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] As one embodiment, the method further includes using a main control module to control the operation of the image sensor, wherein the main control module is placed in the low-boost-rate neutron region, and the control signal includes at least a Ready signal and an Exp_start signal;

[0062] The main control module controls the image sensor to switch between global reset, exposure, and readout states by changing the levels of the Ready and Exp_start signals. The level changes of the Ready and Exp_start signals are as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0063] This embodiment employs a control and acquisition separation architecture: the main control module, which handles complex logic operations, is placed in a low-flux region to protect it from direct neutron bombardment; only the relatively passive image sensor is placed in a high-flux region. The main control module directly controls the sensor's operating state through simple hardware signal lines (Ready, Exp_start), avoiding reliance on the sensor's internal, easily interfered-with registers. Simultaneously, based on the time-of-flight difference between X-rays and neutrons, the image sensor's charge clearing time, and the control signal cable delay, the main control module accurately calculates the trigger timing's pre-set time and exposure delay time, ensuring that the exposure window precisely falls after the neutron irradiation ends and during the afterglow of the conversion screen.

[0064] This split design fundamentally avoids the disruption of control logic caused by single-event effects, ensuring the absolute reliability of the image acquisition process in a single transient experiment. Precise timing control allows exposure start-up jitter to be controlled at the nanosecond level, perfectly matching the microsecond-level afterglow window and maximizing signal acquisition efficiency. This design achieves a radiation-resistant system architecture that features "no complex logic in the high-flux region and remote, precise control in the low-flux region."

[0065] In addition, the main control module and the image sensor use independent power supply and clock, and transmit Ready and Exp_start control signals through a dedicated interface (such as SMA coaxial cable) to further reduce signal delay and interference and improve control robustness.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] like Figure 3 An X-ray image acquisition system for a high flux rate neutron environment is shown, comprising:

[0068] An X-ray conversion screen, set up in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert incident X-rays into visible light and temporarily store them using its own afterglow properties.

[0069] Specifically, as described in Example 1, the X-ray conversion screen can be a P43 fluorescent screen, a CsI:Tl scintillator conversion screen, or a gold cathode image intensifier, etc. Taking the P43 fluorescent screen as an example, its typical fluorescence lifetime is 0.6 ms, and its response to 14 MeV neutrons is extremely weak, producing almost no light emission. When an X-ray pulse arrives, the fluorescent screen converts it into visible light and continues to emit light on the order of milliseconds; while subsequent neutron pulses do not produce an effective signal on the fluorescent screen, thus achieving the first physical separation of X-ray signal and neutron noise.

[0070] By utilizing the afterglow characteristics of the fluorescent screen, nanosecond-level X-ray pulses can be extended into millisecond-level visible light signals, providing sufficient time margin for image sensors to perform exposure and acquisition within a time window free from neutron interference.

[0071] An image sensor, positioned in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert visible light emitted from the X-ray conversion screen into image data;

[0072] Furthermore, the preferred image sensor is also as described in Embodiment 1, employing a CMOS image sensor chip designed to resist single-event latch-up. This chip utilizes NMOS / PMOS isolation measures such as dual guard rings, high-density substrate contacts, and deep N-well isolation to prevent latch-up structure formation and achieve single-event latch-up protection. Simultaneously, redundancy designs such as a DICE structure, tri-mode redundancy, and increased capacitance at key nodes reduce the impact of single-event flip-flops. The image sensor employs an exposure mode combining global reset and rolling shutter readout, with the difference in exposure start-up time between each pixel row ≤ 1. (less than 100ns in typical applications), exposure start-up inherent delay ≤160ns, charge clearing time ≤300ns.

[0073] Among them, the anti-single-event design ensures the core chip's survivability and low failure rate in a high-flux-rate neutron environment; rapid exposure on-time and consistent line difference characteristics ensure the uniformity of signal acquisition during the afterglow index decay process of the fluorescent screen.

[0074] The main control module is located in the low-injection-rate neutron region and is communicatively connected to the image sensor. It is used to control the reset, exposure and readout of the image sensor.

[0075] The main control module is configured to: control the image sensor to be in a global reset state during the neutron irradiation period; and control the image sensor to be exposed after the neutron irradiation ends.

[0076] The main control module can be built on an FPGA with an embedded MCU and placed in a high-volume area far from the target (such as on the outer wall of the target chamber or in the control room). The main control module and the image sensor each have independent power supplies and clocks to avoid single points of failure and power coupling interference. The communication interface between them includes:

[0077] The data transmission interface is used to transmit quantized image data. It can employ a "SerDes + gigabit optical module + single-mode fiber" architecture to achieve long-distance, high-bandwidth, and interference-resistant data transmission over distances of 10m to 100m.

[0078] The command transmission interface is used for issuing configuration parameters, initialization settings, status queries, etc. It can be implemented via an RJ45 Ethernet port. Transmit commands via protocol or SPI protocol;

[0079] The control signal interface is used to control the switching of the image sensor's operating state. It includes the Ready signal line and the Exp_start signal line. The main control module sets the image sensor to a global reset state by setting the Ready signal high; triggers the image sensor to stop resetting and start exposure by using the Exp_start signal; and sets the image sensor to a low level to end exposure and enter readout state.

[0080] Furthermore, the main control module is configured to set the trigger timing based on the pre-time and exposure delay time of the control signal;

[0081] The pre-set time and the exposure delay time are calculated based on the time difference between X-rays and neutrons, the charge clearing time of the image sensor, and the delay of the control signal cable.

[0082] The formula for calculating the trigger timing is as follows:

[0083] The advance of the camera receiving the trigger signal relative to the laser arrival time (0 point) = (t3 + t1) - (t4 + t5 + t2)

[0084] Where t1 is the inherent time for full exposure activation, t2 is the charge depletion time, t3 is the cable delay, t4 is the estimated Bangtime, and t5 is the neutron flight time. This calculation ensures that the exposure window falls precisely within the period after neutron irradiation ends and the afterglow of the fluorescent screen continues.

[0085] By employing a split design to place the complex control logic in a low-radiation region, the disruption of control timing by neutron single-event effects is fundamentally avoided, ensuring the absolute reliability of single-sample acquisition. The concise two-wire control signals (Ready, Exp_start) reliably switch between global reset, exposure, and readout states, reducing the number of sensitive components in high-flux areas. Furthermore, precise timing calculations control exposure start-up jitter at the nanosecond level, perfectly matching the phosphor screen's afterglow decay window and maximizing signal acquisition efficiency.

[0086] It should be noted that this system also includes a host computer, which is located in the low-dose area outside the biological protective wall and is connected to the main control module via optical fiber or cable. The host computer is used to send instructions to the main control module and receive the returned image data.

[0087] The host computer and main control module can communicate remotely using a hardware architecture of "USB chip + USB cable + USB optical transceiver module + single-mode fiber," or directly via a network port using the TCP / IP protocol. Operators can send readiness, trigger, and parameter configuration commands in real time from a safe area outside the biosafety barrier, and receive high signal-to-noise ratio X-ray diagnostic images in real time. This enables remote and safe operation by personnel and real-time data transmission, overcoming the drawbacks of cumbersome film recording methods and the inability to perform real-time analysis, thus meeting the needs of rapid diagnosis and real-time analysis in laser fusion experiments.

[0088] like Figures 4-5 As shown, these are examples of using this system in 3.9e8. and 1.5e8 X-ray images acquired under neutron flux conditions. Figure 6 It directly uses a conventional CMOS camera in the 5.5e7. X-ray images acquired under neutron flux conditions. Figure 7 It directly uses a conventional CCD camera at 1.5e8 X-ray images acquired under neutron flux conditions;

[0089] contrast Figure 4 and Figure 6 It can be seen that in a neutron environment with a high flux rate, the images acquired by this system ( Figure 4 The background is uniform and the outline is clear, with no obvious neutron-induced heating pixels or clustered bright spot noise observed; while images acquired by conventional CMOS cameras ( Figure 6 The image contains a large number of dense clusters of bad spots and scattered bright spots, which severely raises the image background and almost drowns out the target signal.

[0090] contrast Figure 5 and Figure 7 It can be seen that in 1.5e8 Under neutron flux conditions, this system ( Figure 5 It still maintains excellent image quality, with sharp target edges and a clean background; while conventional CCD cameras ( Figure 7 Although the noise density is slightly lower Figure 6 However, noticeable teardrop-shaped and linear noise is still visible, and the image signal-to-noise ratio is much lower than that of this system. The above comparison results show that this system, through the timing strategy of "global reset and clear during irradiation + delayed exposure after irradiation", effectively suppresses various transient noises generated by neutron irradiation. It can stably acquire high signal-to-noise ratio and interference-free X-ray diagnostic images at different flux rates, and the image quality is significantly better than that of conventional CMOS / CCD camera direct acquisition schemes.

[0091] It is important to note that, such as Figure 8The workflow of this system can be summarized as follows:

[0092] The host computer sends a "ready to trigger" command, and the main control module pulls the Ready signal high, causing the image sensor to enter a global reset state and continuously clear the charge in the pixel array.

[0093] The range synchronization system sends a trigger signal. After receiving the signal, the main control module performs false trigger detection and signal conditioning. After a precisely calculated lead time, it maintains the Ready signal at a high level, keeping the image sensor in a global reset state. At this time, the neutron pulse arrives, and the electron-hole pairs it generates are continuously cleared, preventing accumulation.

[0094] The main control module sends an Exp_start trigger signal based on the exposure delay time. Upon recognizing this signal, the image sensor stops resetting and begins exposure. During exposure, the image sensor acquires visible light emitted from the afterglow of the X-ray conversion screen and converts it into an image signal. The exposure duration is synchronized between the main control module and the image sensor, with a typical value ≥1ms.

[0095] After exposure, the main control module pulls the Ready signal low, the image sensor ends exposure and enters readout mode, and sends the image data back to the main control module through the data transmission interface. The main control module checks the communication channel status; if abnormal, it attempts to reset; if multiple attempts fail, it only reads the normal channel data and reports an error to the host computer.

[0096] After the readout is complete, the main control module automatically pulls the Ready signal high, and the image sensor enters a global reset state again, preparing for the next experiment.

[0097] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for acquiring X-ray images in a high-flux-rate neutron environment, characterized in that, Specifically, it includes: The X-ray conversion screen and image sensor are placed in a high fluence rate neutron environment; The X-ray conversion screen utilizes its own afterglow properties to convert the received X-rays into visible light and temporarily store them. During the continuous neutron irradiation, the image sensor is controlled to be in a global reset state; After the neutron irradiation ends, the image sensor is controlled to end the global reset state and perform exposure, collecting the visible light emitted by the afterglow of the X-ray conversion screen and converting it into an X-ray image signal; It also includes using control signals output by the main control module to control the operation of the image sensor, wherein the main control module is placed in the low injection rate neutron region, and the control signals include at least a Ready signal and an Exp_start signal; The main control module is configured to control the image sensor to switch between a global reset state, an exposure state, and a readout state by changing the level states of the Ready signal and the Exp_start signal.

2. The X-ray image acquisition method applied in a high-flux-rate neutron environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-ray conversion screen is a fluorescent screen, a scintillator, or a gold cathode image intensifier, with a fluorescence lifetime ≥ 0.1 ms.

3. The X-ray image acquisition method applied in a high-flux-rate neutron environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image sensor employs an exposure mode combining global reset and rolling shutter readout, with the difference in exposure start time between each pixel row ≤ 1. .

4. The X-ray image acquisition method applied in a high-flux-rate neutron environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The duration of the exposure mode is ≥1ms.

5. An X-ray image acquisition system for high flux rate neutron environments, characterized in that, include: An X-ray conversion screen, set up in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert incident X-rays into visible light and temporarily store them using its own afterglow properties. An image sensor, positioned in a high flux rate neutron environment, is used to convert visible light emitted from the X-ray conversion screen into image data; The main control module is located in the low-injection-rate neutron region and is communicatively connected to the image sensor. It is used to control the reset, exposure and readout of the image sensor. The main control module is configured to: control the image sensor to be in a global reset state during the neutron irradiation period; and control the image sensor to be exposed after the neutron irradiation ends. The image sensor and the main control module each have independent power supply and clock. The communication interface between them includes a data transmission interface for transmitting image data, an instruction transmission interface for issuing configuration parameters, and a control signal interface for controlling the switching of the image sensor's working state. The control signal interface includes a Ready signal line and an Exp_start signal line. The main control module sets the image sensor to a global reset state by setting the Ready signal to a high level, triggers the image sensor to stop resetting and start exposure by using the Exp_start signal, and sets the image sensor to a low level by ending exposure and entering the readout state.

6. The X-ray image acquisition system for a high flux rate neutron environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The main control module is configured to set the trigger timing based on the pre-time and exposure delay time of the control signal; The pre-set time and the exposure delay time are calculated based on the time difference between X-rays and neutrons, the charge clearing time of the image sensor, and the delay of the control signal cable.

7. The X-ray image acquisition system for a high flux rate neutron environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a host computer, which is located in the low-dose area outside the biological protective wall and is connected to the main control module via a cable. The host computer is used to send instructions to the main control module and receive the returned image data.

Images