Self-powered intelligent light control shutter system

Abstract

This invention provides a self-powered intelligent light-controlled louver system, relating to environmental monitoring technology, flexible electronic devices, and wireless energy harvesting technology. The system includes a radio frequency energy harvesting module, an energy management module, an energy storage module, a photosensor control module, an MCU, a drive circuit, and a PDLC film. The radio frequency energy harvesting module captures radio frequency energy in the 5.8GHz band of the environment, which is rectified by the energy management module and stored in the energy storage module. The photosensor control module outputs a voltage control signal based on the ambient light intensity. The MCU outputs a drive signal based on the voltage control signal. The drive circuit drives the PDLC film to switch between a transparent state and a fogged state in milliseconds based on the drive signal. This invention requires no external power supply, is completely self-powered, has a fast response speed, and is low in cost. It is suitable for scenarios requiring automatic adjustment of light transmission, such as building curtain walls, smart homes, and car sunroofs, providing a novel solution for achieving zero-carbon intelligent buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of environmental monitoring technology, flexible electronic devices and wireless energy harvesting technology, and specifically to a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of the urban building glass curtain wall and curtain market, the demand for energy conservation and intelligent technology in the field of building dimming is becoming increasingly urgent. Currently, mainstream technologies include motorized curtains, electrochromic glass (EC film), and reflective film. Motorized curtains require an external power supply, consuming up to 40W / m²; while electrochromic glass can achieve automatic dimming, its energy consumption still reaches 5W / m², and it is expensive (approximately 2500 RMB / m²) and structurally complex; reflective film, although requiring no power supply, causes severe light pollution and has a short lifespan. Existing technologies generally suffer from high energy consumption, high cost, complex structure, and poor environmental performance, making it difficult to meet the requirements of building energy conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system that achieves self-powered operation by collecting radio frequency energy from the environment and can quickly switch between transparent and fogged states. It is low in cost, simple in structure, and environmentally friendly.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system, comprising a radio frequency energy harvesting module, an energy management module, an energy storage module, a photosensitizing control module, a microcontroller unit, a driving circuit, and a PDLC film. The radio frequency energy harvesting module is connected to the energy management module, the energy management module is connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is connected to the photosensitizing control module, the energy storage module, the photosensitizing control module, and the driving circuit are all connected to the microcontroller unit, and the driving circuit is connected to the PDLC film; the PDLC is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal. The radio frequency energy harvesting module is used to harvest radio frequency energy from the environment; the energy management module is used to convert the radio frequency energy into direct current and store the direct current in the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used to power the microcontroller and the photosensitive control module; the photosensitive control module is used to output a voltage control signal according to the ambient light intensity; the microcontroller is used to output a drive signal according to the voltage control signal; the drive circuit is used to drive the PDLC film to switch between a transparent state and a fog state according to the drive signal.

[0005] According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the radio frequency energy harvesting module adopts a metamaterial antenna with a resonant frequency matched to the 5.8 GHz band to capture WiFi radio frequency energy in the environment. According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the metamaterial antenna includes multiple arrayed metasurface units, and the metasurface unit includes a metasurface structure layer, a dielectric layer and a metal layer stacked together. According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the metasurface structure layer includes four resonant units arranged in a 2×2 array, and each resonant unit includes four resonant rings arranged in a 2×2 array.

[0006] According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the energy management module includes a Schottky rectifier diode and a BQ25570 chip. According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the energy storage module adopts a button-type supercapacitor. According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the photosensitive control module is specifically used to control the output of different voltages by sensing light through a photoresistor. According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the microcontroller unit adopts an ESP32-C3 chip.

[0007] According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided. The driving circuit includes a boost circuit, a half-bridge driving chip, a power bridge, and a transformer. The boost circuit stably boosts the DC voltage to the DC bus voltage. The driving signal controls the half-bridge driving chip to generate a high-frequency gate driving signal, which drives the power bridge to chop the DC bus voltage into a high-frequency pulse and input it into the transformer. The transformer performs boosting and electrical isolation according to a preset turns ratio, and outputs the AC square wave required by the PDLC thin film.

[0008] According to the present invention, a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system is provided, wherein the PDLC film is lined with a color film or a patterned film.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following technical effects: 1. Self-powered: No external power supply is required; it operates entirely on radio frequency energy from the environment, meeting green energy-saving requirements.

[0010] 2. Fast response: The switching time of PDLC thin films is only 10-50 milliseconds, which is much faster than electrochromic materials (30-120 seconds).

[0011] 3. Low cost: The overall system cost is only about 1 / 10 of that of the traditional EC membrane solution, which greatly reduces the system cost.

[0012] 4. Multiple effects: PDLC films can be overlaid with colored films or patterned films to achieve changes in color depth and pattern when switching between transparent and hazy states. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system of the present invention; Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c These are, respectively, a front view, a side view, and a physical image of the metasurface unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the S11 curve plot of the HFSS simulation of this invention; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the incident frequency versus output voltage of the metasurface unit of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the photosensitive control circuit of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the driving circuit of the present invention; Figure 7 These are images showing the effects of the PDLC film in different states according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0016] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0017] Please see Figure 1This invention provides a self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system, comprising a radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting module, an energy management module, an energy storage module, a photosensor control module, a microcontroller unit, a drive circuit, and a PDLC (polymer-dispersed liquid crystal) film. The RF energy harvesting module is connected to the energy management module, which is connected to the energy storage module. The energy storage module is connected to the photosensor control module. The energy storage module, photosensor control module, and drive circuit are all connected to the microcontroller unit. The drive circuit is connected to the PDLC film. The RF energy harvesting module collects RF energy from the environment; the energy management module converts the RF energy into direct current (DC) and stores the DC in the energy storage module; the energy storage module powers the microcontroller unit and the photosensor control module; the photosensor control module outputs a voltage control signal based on the ambient light intensity; the microcontroller unit outputs a drive signal based on the voltage control signal; and the drive circuit drives the PDLC film to switch between a transparent and a fogged state based on the drive signal. A detailed description follows.

[0018] Among them, the radio frequency energy harvesting module: adopts a metamaterial antenna with resonant frequency matching in the 5.8GHz band, with an absorption efficiency of ≥90%, to capture WiFi radio frequency energy in the environment in the 5.8GHz band; Energy Management Module: Converts radio frequency energy into DC power through Schottky rectifier diodes, and achieves MPPT (maximum power point tracking) and overvoltage / undervoltage protection through the BQ25570 chip (an energy harvesting and management integrated circuit from Texas Instruments). Energy storage module: Uses a 2.7V / 5F button cell supercapacitor to store DC power converted from radio frequency energy, with a cycle life of over 100,000 cycles; Photosensitive control module: used to detect the ambient illuminance based on a photoresistor (LDR) and output a voltage control signal according to the ambient illuminance, such as a 0-3.3V control signal; Microcontroller Unit (MCU): Employs the ESP32-C3 chip (a 32-bit single-core processor based on the RISC-V architecture), featuring an ultra-low power mode for outputting drive signals based on voltage control signals; The driving circuit adopts a two-stage conversion structure to drive the PDLC film to switch rapidly between transparent and hazy states according to the driving signal.

[0019] Furthermore, PDLC films can be laminated with colored or patterned films to achieve a variety of visual effects.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system of the present invention consists of a radio frequency energy harvesting module 1, an energy management module 2, an energy storage module 3, an MCU 5, a photosensitive control module 6, a driving circuit 7, and a PDLC thin film 8.

[0021] The metamaterial antenna of the radio frequency energy harvesting module 1 includes multiple arrayed metasurface units. Each metasurface unit includes a stacked metasurface structure layer, a dielectric layer, and a metal layer. The metasurface structure layer includes four resonant units arranged in a 2×2 array, and each resonant unit includes four resonant rings arranged in a 2×2 array.

[0022] The specific structure of each metasurface unit is as follows: Figure 2a , Figure 2b , Figure 2c As shown, the metasurface unit consists of three layers: the top layer is a metasurface structure layer made of metallic copper; the middle layer is a dielectric layer F4B (polytetrafluoroethylene, dielectric constant 2.65, loss tangent 0.001) suitable for high-frequency applications; and the bottom layer is a ground layer made of metallic copper. The thickness of the metallic copper layer is 35µm, and the thickness of the dielectric layer is 1.525mm. The structural parameters of the metasurface unit are shown in Table 1.

[0023] Table 1. Structural parameters of metasurface units

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) simulation results show that the metamaterial antenna has a reflection coefficient S11=-20dB and an absorption rate of ≈99% in the 5.8GHz band, achieving efficient absorption of incident electromagnetic waves. like Figure 4 As shown, when tested at a transmit power of 19dBm, the metamaterial antenna outputs 1.34V at the 5.75GHz frequency band, which is basically consistent with the simulation.

[0025] In energy management module 2, radio frequency energy is rectified by a Schottky rectifier diode, then subjected to MPPT and overvoltage protection by a BQ25570 chip, and stored in a 2.7V / 5F supercapacitor. The supercapacitor output voltage powers the ESP32-C3 chip and the photosensitive control module 6.

[0026] Specifically, the photosensitive control module 6 is used to control the output of different voltage levels through photoresistor light sensing. For example... Figure 5As shown, the photosensitive control module 6 includes a photosensitive control circuit, which comprises a resistor R1 and a photoresistor D1 connected in series. The photoresistor D1 outputs different voltages according to the ambient light intensity. For example, when the light intensity is greater than or equal to 100 Lux, it outputs a voltage of 0V to MCU5 (i.e., the AD input of MCU5 receives 0); when the light intensity is less than 100 Lux, it outputs a voltage of 3.3V to MCU5 (i.e., the AD input of MCU5 receives 1). The photosensitive control circuit of this invention has a simple structure, fast response, and high accuracy, outputting different voltage values ​​by detecting the current ambient light intensity.

[0027] When the photosensitive control module 6 outputs 0V to the MCU5, the MCU5 shuts down the drive circuit, causing the PDLC film 8 to switch to a fog state, blocking strong light. When the illuminance is relatively low, the photosensitive control module 6 outputs 3.3V to the MCU5, the MCU5 turns on the drive circuit 7, and the drive circuit 7 outputs a 65V, 400Hz AC square wave, causing the PDLC film 8 to return to a transparent state, allowing natural light to enter the room.

[0028] like Figure 6 As shown, the driving circuit 7 adopts a two-stage conversion structure: The first stage: The high-efficiency synchronous boost chip TPS61088 (a high-power-density fully integrated synchronous boost converter from Texas Instruments) stably boosts the fluctuating DC voltage (2.5V-5.5V) provided by the supercapacitor to the 24V DC bus voltage. The second stage: The 400Hz low-frequency logic drive signal generated by MCU5 controls the half-bridge driver chip EG2104, which generates two high-frequency gate drive signals with dead-time protection. These signals drive the power bridge (half-bridge / full-bridge power stage MOSFETs) composed of MOSFETs, chopping the 24V DC bus voltage into high-frequency pulses and sending them to the transformer. The transformer performs voltage boosting and electrical isolation according to a preset turns ratio, outputting the 65V, 400Hz AC square wave required by the PDLC film 8 to drive the PDLC film 8. Therefore, the PDLC film 8 can switch rapidly between transparent and hazy states (<50ms) and can be layered with colored films to achieve pattern changes.

[0029] like Figure 7 As shown, the PDLC film 8 can switch between a hazy and a transparent state. Electrochromic films (EC films) are expensive, so this invention selects PDLC films. PDLC films can be lined with different colored films or patterned films, and by combining the switching between transparent and hazy states, a variety of visual effects can be achieved. This solution is flexible, convenient, and low-cost.

[0030] The system workflow of this invention is as follows: energy harvesting stage (metamaterial antenna captures radio frequency energy → rectification → energy storage) → illuminance detection stage (real-time monitoring) → transparent / foggy state adjustment stage (driving PDLC film according to illuminance).

[0031] To highlight the technical advantages of this invention, a comparative example is provided—a smart window system based on an electrochromic film (EC film). In the comparative example, the EC film requires a precision voltage control circuit, relies on wired mains power or a high-capacity battery for power supply, has a switching time of 30-120 seconds, and still requires microamp-level current to maintain its state, relying on mains power or a high-capacity battery. The material cost is 800-5000 RMB / m². In contrast, this invention requires no external power supply, is completely self-powered, has a fast switching speed (millisecond level, 10-50 milliseconds), a simple system, and a cost that is only 1 / 10 of the EC film solution.

[0032] In summary, this invention realizes a self-powered, fast-response, low-cost, and maintenance-free intelligent light-controlled louver system, including a radio frequency energy harvesting module, an energy management module, an energy storage module, a photosensor control module, an MCU, a drive circuit, and a PDLC film. The radio frequency energy harvesting module captures radio frequency energy in the 5.8GHz band of the environment, which is rectified by the energy management module and stored in the energy storage module. The photosensor control module outputs a voltage control signal according to the ambient light intensity. The MCU outputs a drive signal according to the voltage control signal. The drive circuit drives the PDLC film to switch between transparent and foggy states in milliseconds according to the drive signal. This invention requires no external power supply, is completely self-powered, has a fast response speed, and is low in cost. It is suitable for scenarios requiring automatic adjustment of light transmission, such as building curtain walls, smart homes, and car sunroofs, providing a novel solution for achieving zero-carbon intelligent buildings.

[0033] Other embodiments of the invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the embodiments disclosed herein. This invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system, characterized in that, The device includes a radio frequency energy harvesting module, an energy management module, an energy storage module, a photosensitizing control module, a microcontroller unit, a driving circuit, and a PDLC thin film. The radio frequency energy harvesting module is connected to the energy management module, the energy management module is connected to the energy storage module, the energy storage module is connected to the photosensitizing control module, and the energy storage module, photosensitizing control module, and driving circuit are all connected to the microcontroller unit. The driving circuit is connected to the PDLC thin film. The PDLC is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal. The radio frequency energy harvesting module is used to harvest radio frequency energy from the environment; the energy management module is used to convert the radio frequency energy into direct current and store the direct current in the energy storage module; the energy storage module is used to power the microcontroller and the photosensitive control module; the photosensitive control module is used to output a voltage control signal according to the ambient light intensity; the microcontroller is used to output a drive signal according to the voltage control signal; the drive circuit is used to drive the PDLC film to switch between a transparent state and a fog state according to the drive signal.

2. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radio frequency energy harvesting module employs a metamaterial antenna with a resonant frequency matched to the 5.8 GHz band to capture WiFi radio frequency energy in the environment.

3. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metamaterial antenna includes multiple arrayed metasurface units, each of which includes a stacked metasurface structure layer, a dielectric layer, and a metal layer.

4. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The metasurface structure layer includes four resonant units arranged in a 2×2 array, and each resonant unit includes four resonant rings arranged in a 2×2 array.

5. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management module includes a Schottky rectifier diode and a BQ25570 chip.

6. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module uses a button-type supercapacitor.

7. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photosensitive control module is specifically used to control the output of different voltages by using a photoresistor to sense light.

8. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller unit uses the ESP32-C3 chip.

9. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving circuit includes a boost circuit, a half-bridge driver chip, a power bridge, and a transformer. The boost circuit stably boosts the DC voltage to the DC bus voltage. The driving signal controls the half-bridge driver chip to generate a high-frequency gate driving signal, which drives the power bridge to chop the DC bus voltage into a high-frequency pulse and input it into the transformer. The transformer performs boosting and electrical isolation according to a preset turns ratio, and outputs the AC square wave required by the PDLC thin film.

10. The self-powered intelligent light-controlled venetian blind system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PDLC film is lined with a color film or a patterned film.

Images