A dormitory energy-saving control device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of energy saving and environmental protection technology, and particularly relates to a dormitory energy saving control device, which comprises a water heater signal acquisition module, an indoor signal acquisition module, an execution module, a management module and a controller; the controller is connected with the water heater signal acquisition module, the indoor signal acquisition module, the execution module and the management module respectively; the water heater signal acquisition module comprises a temperature acquisition module, a water level sensor, a solar radiation intensity sensor and a water inflow meter. The water temperature of a heat storage water tank, the water inlet temperature, the upper circulating water temperature, the solar radiation intensity, the water level and the water inflow are acquired by the water heater signal acquisition module, and the solar heating capacity is determined by the controller. The basic water level and the basic water temperature are maintained when there is no water use instruction, the water is supplemented and the temperature is controlled in stages when the radiation intensity is sufficient and the water temperature is increased, and the electric heating pipe is started only when the water temperature is lower than the anti-freezing threshold value or the water use amount exceeds the solar heat storage capacity, so that the electric auxiliary heating time length and the heat storage heat loss are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection technology, specifically to a dormitory energy-saving control device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, energy management in school or corporate dormitories often relies on manual inspections or timed switching, lacking closed-loop control based on environmental parameters and personnel activities.

[0003] For example, lighting systems often fail to automatically shut off based on indoor light intensity and the presence of people, causing lights to continue operating even when no one is present or when there is ample natural light. Air conditioning systems lack the ability to determine comfortable room temperature ranges and automatically shut off when no one is around, leading to unnecessary operation. In solar water heaters, the heating element's operation relies solely on tank temperature or simple timing, without considering solar radiation intensity, circulating water temperature, and water demand for tiered water level and heating control. This makes it difficult to prioritize solar energy utilization and to replenish and heat water as needed, resulting in wasted energy and excessive hot water storage.

[0004] To address this, we designed a dormitory energy-saving control device and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a dormitory energy-saving control device and method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A dormitory energy-saving control device includes: Water heater signal acquisition module, indoor signal acquisition module, execution module, management module and controller; The controller is connected to the water heater signal acquisition module, the indoor signal acquisition module, the execution module, and the management module, respectively. The water heater signal acquisition module includes a temperature acquisition module, a water level sensor, a solar radiation intensity sensor, and an inlet flow meter; The temperature acquisition module includes at least one temperature sensor, which is installed in the hot water storage tank, the upper circulation port of the heat collection tube, and the inlet of the hot water storage tank, respectively, for acquiring the corresponding temperature signals. The water level sensor is an electrode-type water level sensor used to collect the water level of the hot water storage tank; The solar radiation intensity sensor is a digital light intensity sensor; The inlet flow meter is installed at the cold water inlet and is used to collect the inlet flow rate.

[0007] Preferably, the indoor signal acquisition module includes an indoor light sensor, a human presence sensor, and a room temperature detection sensor.

[0008] Preferably, the indoor light sensor is a photoresistor; The human body presence sensor is a millimeter-wave radar sensing module; The room temperature sensor is a digital temperature detection chip.

[0009] Preferably, the execution module includes a relay control module for controlling the power supply to the air conditioner, heating element, lamps, and solenoid valve; The management module includes a wireless communication module, which is connected to the controller, the user terminal, and the administrator terminal respectively. The user terminal includes a display screen, a button group, and a WIFI module; The administrator terminal is a computer or mobile phone platform; The controller includes a microprocessor, a calendar chip, an RS485 serial port, and a WIFI communication module.

[0010] A method for energy-saving control in dormitories includes the following steps: The water heater signal acquisition module collects the water temperature of the storage tank, the water temperature at the inlet, the temperature of the circulating water, the solar radiation intensity, the inlet flow rate, and the water level of the storage tank. The indoor signal acquisition module collects indoor light intensity, human presence signals, and room temperature. The control module controls the power supply to the air conditioner, heating element, lamps, and solenoid valves based on the collected signals.

[0011] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps: When the water temperature in the hot water storage tank exceeds the maximum limit but the water level does not reach the maximum limit, the solenoid valve is controlled to replenish water. When the solar radiation intensity is below the set threshold, the water tank temperature is below the base water temperature, and there is a heating requirement, the electric heating element is controlled to heat.

[0012] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps: The air conditioner power is turned off when the indoor time of vacancy exceeds the set threshold or when the room temperature is within the set comfortable range. The lighting power will be disconnected when no one is detected indoors or when the indoor light intensity exceeds the set value.

[0013] Preferably, the method further includes the following steps: Calculate the total amount of warm water required based on the number of users set on the user terminal; Calculate the available volume of warm water based on the current water temperature and volume in the hot water storage tank; If the available warm water supply is insufficient, the heating time will be calculated based on the required water replenishment, and the heating element will be controlled to perform step-by-step water replenishment and heating to maintain the water temperature near the base water temperature. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. The water heater signal acquisition module acquires the water temperature of the storage tank, the inlet water temperature, the upper circulating water temperature, the solar radiation intensity, the water level, and the inlet water flow rate, which the controller uses to determine the solar heating capacity. When there is no water usage command, the system maintains the basic water level and temperature. When the radiation intensity is sufficient and the water temperature rises, it replenishes water in stages to control the temperature. The electric heating element is activated only when the water temperature is below the antifreeze threshold or the water usage exceeds the solar thermal storage capacity, reducing the duration of electric auxiliary heating and the loss of stored water heat.

[0014] 2. The system acquires signals for light intensity, human presence, and room temperature via an indoor signal acquisition module. When the duration of no human activity indoors exceeds a set threshold, or the room temperature is within a set comfortable range (26℃-28℃ in summer, 18℃-20℃ in winter), the air conditioner power is disconnected. Similarly, when the indoor light intensity exceeds a set value (300 lx) or no one is present, the lighting power is disconnected. This control is independent of manual operation, preventing equipment from idling and reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0015] 3. A wireless communication module connects the user terminal and the management terminal. The management terminal can set parameters such as the number of dormitory residents, base water temperature, base water level, and water consumption; the user terminal can input the current number of showerers and initiate the water usage process. The controller calculates the required water replenishment and heating time based on the current water temperature, water level, and set values, using a gradual water replenishment method to maintain the water temperature near the base temperature, avoiding overheating and water storage. Simultaneously, it transmits real-time status to the management terminal, supporting remote parameter adjustment and energy consumption monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a dormitory energy-saving control device.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the solar water heater involved in the signal acquisition module of the solar water heater.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The execution flowchart of the solar water heater involved in the signal acquisition module of the solar water heater. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-3A dormitory energy-saving control device and method are disclosed. The device includes a water heater signal acquisition module, an indoor signal acquisition module, an execution module, a management module, and a controller. Each module is connected to the controller. The controller includes an STM32 microprocessor, a BM8563ESA calendar chip, an RS485 serial port, and a WIFI communication module.

[0021] The water heater signal acquisition module comprises a temperature acquisition module, a water level sensor, a solar radiation intensity sensor, a solar water heater, and an inlet flow meter. The temperature acquisition module uses a temperature sensor to acquire the water temperature T1 in the solar water heater's storage tank (the temperature sensor in the water heater signal acquisition module uses an NTC temperature transmitter with RS485 output), the inlet water temperature T2, and the upper circulating water (outlet water from the collector tube) temperature T3. The solar radiation intensity sensor acquires the solar radiation intensity. I Simultaneously, the inlet flow meter collects the inlet flow rate F, and the water level sensor detects the water level H in the hot water storage tank. An electrode-type water level sensor is used to collect the water level H in the hot water storage tank. The detected signals are then combined to determine whether the heating element is working and the inlet valve is open or closed, thus controlling the water level and temperature of the water heater. When water is not in use, the main monitoring point is that the water level must not fall below the lower limit H. L Add water when the water level is below the minimum level; add water to cool the water down to the base temperature T when the water temperature is too high. B To prevent scalding from excessively high water temperatures (approximately 70°C), and to limit the maximum water level H. H It also features antifreeze heating. When using water for showering, the user sets the number of users and presses the start button. The system then calculates the required water volume and heating time based on the current water temperature and level, gradually adding and heating water to maintain the water temperature at the base temperature T as much as possible. B The system is located nearby to ensure comfort and continuity of washing and grooming. The user terminal consists of a display screen, keyboard, and WIFI module, used to set current water usage requirements. The display screen is a 0.96-inch OLED 12864 display (driven by SSD1315), along with a set of buttons.

[0022] The indoor signal acquisition module consists of an indoor light sensor, a human presence sensor, and a room temperature detection sensor. The indoor light sensor uses a photoresistor sensor module, the human presence sensor uses an LD2402 chip to form a 24G millimeter-wave radar sensing module, and the room temperature detection sensor uses a DS18B20 digital temperature sensor. The acquired signals are used to control the air conditioner and lighting switches. When the human presence sensor detects a certain indoor temperature for a certain period of time (T), the system will automatically activate the sensor. non If there are no people moving around within 15 minutes, turn off the air conditioning and lighting; when the room temperature is within the set comfortable range, i.e., the indoor temperature is at the set maximum value T. max and minimum value T minWhen the temperature is between 26℃ and 28℃ in summer and 18℃ and 20℃ in winter, the air conditioner power is off; the indoor light sensor detects that the indoor illuminance is greater than the set value. I lx (e.g., 300 lx) The lighting power is turned off to avoid wasting electricity; the temperature is detected using a photoresistor sensor module and an NTC thermistor installed at the outlet of the solar collector tube to determine the current solar energy intensity and the intensity of previously accumulated heat.

[0023] The relay control module in the execution module receives the output signal from the controller and is used to control whether the power supply of the air conditioner, electric heating element, lamps and solenoid valve is turned on and working. The management module consists of a user terminal, an administrator terminal, and a wireless communication module. The wireless communication module connects to the user terminal, administrator terminal, and controller, transmitting control signals from the user terminal and management terminal to the controller, and simultaneously receiving real-time status signals from the controller. The management terminal can be a computer or mobile phone platform, used for setting basic parameters such as dormitory occupancy and baseline temperature.

[0024] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the solar water heater involved in the water heater signal acquisition module. The solar water heater includes a hot water storage tank and a heat collection tube. The hot water storage tank is used to store hot water, and the heat collection tube uses solar energy to heat the lower circulating water and send the heated hot water from the upper circulating pipe to the hot water storage tank.

[0025] The hot water storage tank is equipped with a temperature sensor, an electric heating element, and a water level sensor. The temperature sensor measures the water temperature T1 in the tank. The electric heating element uses electrical energy to heat the water in the tank, and its operation is controlled by a relay module. The water level sensor detects the water level H in the tank. A temperature sensor is installed at the inlet of the hot water storage tank to measure the inlet water temperature T2, and a flow meter is also installed at the inlet to detect the inlet water flow rate F. The outlet is the hot water outlet for washing. A water temperature sensor is also installed at the upper circulating water outlet to measure the temperature T3 of the upper circulating water, used to determine the solar energy accumulation heating effect. A solar radiation sensor is placed on the collector tube support to measure the solar radiation intensity. I It is used to determine the current solar radiation intensity.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shown is an execution flow chart for a solar water heater. Its characteristics are: The system intelligently controls water supply, sets a baseline water level, and fully utilizes solar energy for instant heating. When solar energy is abundant, it replenishes water to control the temperature as the water temperature rises and exceeds the maximum limit. It can meet some or all water needs without auxiliary electric heating. Auxiliary electric heating is only used when the current water volume and temperature are insufficient, and solar radiation intensity is inadequate. The required increase in water volume and continuous heating time are determined based on the number of users and temperature requirements. Water replenishment is done gradually to maintain a relatively stable water temperature around the set baseline temperature. This improves water continuity and comfort, avoids excessive water storage and heating, and reduces energy consumption.

[0027] When the water temperature exceeds the maximum limit (70℃), and the water level H in the tank is not greater than the maximum limit H, H When the maximum water level is controlled at 90%~95% of the full water level, water replenishment and temperature control shall be carried out.

[0028] The system increases the water level and temperature to the set values ​​at specific times (such as 3:00~5:00) to provide morning water or according to set needs.

[0029] When the water temperature T1 in the hot water storage tank is detected to be less than or equal to 4℃, if the solar radiation intensity I Below the set intensity threshold I h ( I < I h Furthermore, the temperature difference between the circulating water (T3) and the water tank (T1) is less than ΔT. 31 If the solar radiation intensity is deemed insufficient, electric auxiliary heating is then applied to raise the temperature to approximately 10°C to prevent freezing.

[0030] To reduce energy waste from electric heating, solar energy resources are prioritized. Solar radiation intensity is monitored; if the difference between the circulating water temperature T3 and the tank temperature T1 is less than the threshold ΔT... 31 (Can be set to 5) 0 C~10 0 C) or the solar radiation intensity output by the solar radiation intensity sensor. I Less than the set threshold I h (Approximately 300 W / m²), and the water tank temperature T1 is less than the base water temperature T. B Simultaneously, there is a heating requirement; the electric heating element begins heating to the base water temperature T. B ; Specific implementation method: The management system sets the number of occupants (N0) in each room and the basic water level (H) in the hot water storage tank. B (e.g., 40%~60% of full water level), base temperature TB (e.g., 50) 0 C~60 0 C), highest water level H H and lowest water level H L Water consumption per person per shower (V0) and other washing / rinsing water consumption (V0) S Water temperature T s Information such as...

[0031] Both the user and management terminals display information such as the current water level and temperature. Users can also set the current number of showerers (N0), water temperature, etc. If no settings are specified, the system defaults to the administrator's settings. Press the start button to begin showering.

[0032] The system continuously collects the temperature of the stored hot water (T1), the temperature of the incoming cold water (T2), and the outdoor solar radiation intensity. I The system reads the inlet flow rate F, the upper circulating water (outlet water from the collector tube) temperature T3, the hot water storage level H, and simultaneously reads the input signals from the management terminal and the user terminal.

[0033] Scenario 1: When there is no water usage instruction, if the water temperature T1 in the storage tank is ≤ 4℃, the electric auxiliary heating will raise the temperature to 10℃ to prevent freezing. If the solar radiation intensity exceeds the set threshold, the electric auxiliary heating is not required.

[0034] Scenario 2: When there is no water usage order, if the water level H < H L (Minimum water level), add water to the base water level.

[0035] Scenario 3: When there is no water usage instruction, the water temperature T1 in the storage tank reaches or exceeds the maximum limit water temperature, and the water level does not exceed the maximum limit water level H. H Replenish water as needed, when the water level exceeds the maximum value or the temperature drops to the base temperature T. B Temporarily stop adding water until the water level and temperature meet the requirements for adding water, then continue adding water.

[0036] Scenario 4: When a water usage command is initiated, if water replenishment is required, the water level must not exceed the maximum value H. H And the water temperature exceeds the base temperature T B When the water level reaches the maximum limit H, water should be replenished. H Or the temperature is lower than the base temperature T B Water is added gradually without interruption. This gradual water addition maintains the water temperature, ensuring continuous and comfortable water use.

[0037] The calculation method for the required amount of influent is as follows: The volume of hot water (V1) in the hot water storage tank at temperature T1 can be increased to the desired temperature (T) after adding cold water. s Bath water volume V S :

[0038] Calculate the total required warm water consumption V based on the number of users and other settings configured on the user terminal. 温 :

[0039] In the formula, V0 represents the water consumption per person for showering (liters), and V... s Other water consumption per person (liters), number of people taking showers in N1, number of people in the dormitory in N0.

[0040] If V2≥V 温 If so, no water needs to be added.

[0041] If V2 < V 温 Then you need to add cold water and heat it to the base water temperature T. B Then the amount of cooling water to be replenished is ΔV 冷 :

[0042] (If cold water is heated to a temperature Ts, then the amount of cold water to be replenished is ΔV) 冷 ΔV 冷 = V 温 -V2) Scenario 5: When the water usage command is initiated, if the water temperature T1 in the storage tank exceeds the maximum limit, or the solar radiation intensity I is greater than or equal to the set intensity threshold Ih, and the difference between the upper circulating water temperature T3 and the water tank temperature T1 is greater than ΔT31, then the solar radiation intensity is considered sufficient, and heating will not proceed; otherwise, heating will proceed. During the heating process, the water temperature and solar radiation intensity are continuously monitored to determine whether to continue heating. If the water temperature drops below the baseline value TB due to water usage exceeding the set value, electric auxiliary heating will continue to raise the temperature to TB until the heating time reaches T. Specifically, a heating time counter is set, and the cumulative heating time during water usage does not exceed T. The time is accumulated for each heating cycle, and heating stops once the upper limit is reached.

[0043] Heat to the base water temperature T according to the required water replenishment volume. B The required electrical energy Q is: Q =ΔV 冷 ×Q0×(Tb-T2) Heating time T: T = Q / (60×P× η (min) In the formula: Q 0 represents the specific heat capacity of water, and P represents the power of the heating element. η The heating efficiency of the electric heating rod is approximately 80%–90%. Q Energy (kJ) required to heat ΔV of water.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dormitory energy-saving control device, characterized in that, include: Water heater signal acquisition module, indoor signal acquisition module, execution module, management module and controller; The controller is connected to the water heater signal acquisition module, the indoor signal acquisition module, the execution module, and the management module, respectively. The water heater signal acquisition module includes a temperature acquisition module, a water level sensor, a solar radiation intensity sensor, and an inlet flow meter; The temperature acquisition module includes at least one temperature sensor, which is installed in the hot water storage tank, the upper circulation port of the heat collection tube, and the inlet of the hot water storage tank, respectively, for acquiring the corresponding temperature signals. The water level sensor is an electrode-type water level sensor used to collect the water level of the hot water storage tank; The solar radiation intensity sensor is a digital light intensity sensor; The inlet flow meter is installed at the cold water inlet and is used to collect the inlet flow rate.

2. The dormitory energy-saving control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The indoor signal acquisition module includes an indoor light sensor, a human presence sensor, and a room temperature detection sensor.

3. The dormitory energy-saving control device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The indoor light sensor is a photoresistor; The human body presence sensor is a millimeter-wave radar sensing module; The room temperature sensor is a digital temperature detection chip.

4. The dormitory energy-saving control device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The execution module includes a relay control module for controlling the power supply to the air conditioner, heating element, lamps and solenoid valve; The management module includes a wireless communication module, which is connected to the controller, the user terminal, and the administrator terminal respectively. The user terminal includes a display screen, a button group, and a WIFI module; The administrator terminal is a computer or mobile phone platform; The controller includes a microprocessor, a calendar chip, an RS485 serial port, and a WIFI communication module.

5. A dormitory energy-saving control method using the device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The water heater signal acquisition module collects the water temperature of the storage tank, the water temperature at the inlet, the temperature of the circulating water, the solar radiation intensity, the inlet flow rate, and the water level of the storage tank. The indoor signal acquisition module collects indoor light intensity, human presence signals, and room temperature. The control module controls the power supply to the air conditioner, heating element, lamps, and solenoid valves based on the collected signals.

6. The dormitory energy-saving control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: When the water temperature in the hot water storage tank exceeds the maximum limit but the water level does not reach the maximum limit, the solenoid valve is controlled to replenish water. When the solar radiation intensity is below the set threshold, the water tank temperature is below the base water temperature, and there is a heating requirement, the electric heating element is controlled to heat.

7. A dormitory energy-saving control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The air conditioner power is turned off when the indoor time of vacancy exceeds the set threshold or when the room temperature is within the set comfortable range. The lighting power will be disconnected when no one is detected indoors or when the indoor light intensity exceeds the set value.

8. The dormitory energy-saving control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: Calculate the total amount of warm water required based on the number of users set on the user terminal; Calculate the available volume of warm water based on the current water temperature and volume in the hot water storage tank; If the available warm water supply is insufficient, the heating time is calculated based on the required water replenishment, and the electric heating element is controlled to perform step-by-step water replenishment and heating to maintain the water temperature near the base water temperature.

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