Parameter optimization design method, system, equipment and medium for roof layering filling body

Abstract

The application provides a parameter optimization design method, system, equipment and medium of a roof layered filling body, relates to the mine filling technical field, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining test parameters of a filling proportion test, and determining a parameter relationship function according to the test parameters; obtaining structure parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters and filling proportion parameters of the roof layered filling body, and calculating a safety factor and a total amount of cementing materials of the roof layered filling body; taking the safety factor or the total amount of cementing materials as an optimization target parameter, taking a cement-sand ratio range and a layered thickness range of the roof layered filling body as constraint conditions, and constructing a target optimization model based on the parameter relationship function; calculating an optimal solution of the target optimization model, and obtaining a target cement-sand ratio and a target layered thickness of the roof layered filling body that satisfy the optimization target. The application realizes collaborative optimization analysis of strength parameters of the roof layered filling body and cementing filling cost, and controls the cost reasonably while ensuring the safety of mine exploitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mine backfilling technology, specifically to a parameter optimization design method, system, equipment, and medium for layered backfilling bodies in the roof. Background Technology

[0002] Downward backfilling mining is widely used in the mining of deep metal mines with high ground stress and fractured rock. This type of mining method requires the artificial construction of a cemented backfill roof in the downward stop to replace the unstable fractured rock roof. Therefore, maintaining the safety and stability of the roof backfill during downward stop mining is crucial.

[0003] Generally, the greater the strength of the cemented backfill, the better the safety and stability of the roof in the downward-facing stope. Improving the strength of the roof backfill mainly involves increasing the amount of cementitious material used in the cemented backfill. However, an overly conservative increase in cementitious material usage directly leads to a linear increase in the cost of cemented backfill in the mine, reducing the economic benefits of mining. Conversely, if the amount of cementitious material used during the cemented backfill construction of the downward-facing stope roof backfill is insufficient, it will result in the inability to guarantee the stability of the roof backfill, threatening the safety of personnel and equipment. Existing roof backfill parameter design techniques primarily consider the stability of the downward-facing stope roof backfill, without taking economic cost factors into account in the strength design of the downward-facing stope roof backfill, nor considering the optimal relationship between the strength parameters of each layer of the roof backfill and the cost of cementitious material addition. This makes it impossible to achieve a quantitative and scientific balance and optimization design between the stability of the downward-facing stope roof backfill and the cost of cemented backfill. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a parameter optimization design method, system, equipment and medium for roof layered backfill, which effectively solves the problem of being unable to quantitatively balance and optimize the design between the stability of roof layered backfill and the cost of cemented backfill.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a parameter optimization design method for a layered filling body in a roof slab, the method comprising: Obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test, and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters; Obtain the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the layered filling body in the top slab; The safety factor of the layered filling body of the top plate is calculated based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters and the deformation parameters. The total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top plate is calculated based on the structural parameters and the filling ratio parameters. The safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. Based on the parameter relationship function, a target optimization model is constructed. Calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model to obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body that satisfy the optimization target.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the top slab layered filling body includes a bottom layer filling body and a top layer filling body, wherein the bottom layer filling body and the top layer filling body are in contact with each other, and the bottom layer filling body is located below the top layer filling body; The strength parameters include at least the tensile strength, compressive strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; the deformation parameters include at least the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; the backfill mix ratio parameters include at least the ash-sand ratio of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; and the structural parameters include at least the thickness of the bottom layer backfill, the thickness of the top layer backfill, the stope width, the stope length, the stope height, and the overburden vertical load of the roof layer backfill.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the step of calculating the safety factor of the top slab layered filling body based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters, and the deformation parameters includes: The maximum tensile stress of the roof layered filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the top layer filling body, the width of the stope, the height of the stope, and the overlying vertical load of the roof layered filling body. The safety factor is calculated based on the tensile strength of the underlying filler and the maximum tensile stress.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the step of calculating the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top slab based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters, and the filling ratio parameters includes: The volume of the underpass filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the underpass filling body, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope. The volume of the top layer filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the top layer filling body, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope. The amount of cementitious material per unit volume of the filling body is determined based on the ash-sand ratio of the bottom layer filling body and the top layer filling body. The total amount of cementitious material is calculated based on the volume of the bottom layer filling body, the volume of the top layer filling body, and the amount of cementitious material used per unit volume of filling body.

[0009] In an optional implementation, the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. Based on the parameter relationship function, a target optimization model is constructed, including: Based on the parameter relationship function, the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is expressed as a function of the ash-sand ratio and the layer thickness, thus obtaining the safety factor function and the total amount of cementitious material function; Based on practical experience in mine backfilling, the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness are determined to obtain the constraint conditions; Under the constraints, a filling cost optimization model is constructed with minimizing the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization objective and the safety factor function being greater than or equal to a preset safety factor threshold. Alternatively, under the constraints, a stability optimization model can be constructed with the safety factor function as the optimization objective and the total amount of cementitious material used as less than or equal to a preset usage threshold.

[0010] In an optional implementation, the filling cost optimization model uses the cementitious material utility coefficient as the optimization objective parameter, the cementitious material utility coefficient being the ratio of the safety factor to the total amount of cementitious material used, and the stability optimization model uses the safety factor as the optimization objective function.

[0011] In an optional implementation, obtaining the test parameters of the filling ratio test and determining the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters includes: Test filling slurries with different ash-sand ratios were prepared according to the tailings and filling cementitious materials of the top plate layered filling body. The filling specimens cast with the test filling slurry are cured under standard conditions, and after reaching the curing age, uniaxial compression test, tensile test and triaxial compression test are performed to obtain the test parameters. The test parameters include at least the test uniaxial compressive strength, test tensile strength, test elastic modulus, test Poisson's ratio, test cohesion and test internal friction angle. The parameter relationship function is determined by fitting the test ash-sand ratio, the test uniaxial compressive strength, the test tensile strength, and the test elastic modulus.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides a parameter optimization design system for layered filling bodies in the roof, the system comprising: The function fitting module is used to obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test and to fit and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters. The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the layered filling body of the top plate; The first calculation module is used to calculate the safety factor of the top plate layered filling body based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters and the deformation parameters. The second calculation module is used to calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top plate based on the structural parameters and the filling ratio parameters. The model building module is used to construct a target optimization model based on the parameter relationship function, taking the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization target parameter and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body as the constraint condition. The model calculation module is used to calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model and obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top plate layered filling body to meet the optimization target.

[0013] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the parameter optimization design method for the top plate layered filling body as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0014] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the parameter optimization design method for the top plate layered filling body as described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0015] The parameter optimization design method, system, equipment, and medium for layered roof backfill provided in this application fully consider the collaborative bearing characteristics of each layer of the layered roof backfill. Based on balancing the mutual constraints between the stability and backfilling cost of the roof backfill, it can determine the optimal cement-sand ratio and optimal layer thickness of the layered roof backfill. This achieves the lowest backfilling cost when the roof safety factor is fixed, or the coordinated matching of the strength and layer thickness parameters of the layered roof backfill when the total amount of cementitious material used in the stope is fixed, thereby maximizing the overall safety factor of the layered roof backfill in the downward stope. Through the coordinated optimization design of the strength parameters and backfilling cost of the layered roof backfill, the cemented backfilling cost can be reasonably controlled while ensuring safe mining in the downward stope, contributing to improved mine safety and economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stability calculation model of the layered filling body of a lead-zinc mine top slab constructed based on FLAC3D in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the top slab layered filling body and the thickness of the bottom layer filling body in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the top layered filling body and the elastic modulus of the bottom layer filling body in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the top layer filling body and the elastic modulus of the adjacent top layer filling body in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling body and the width of the stope in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling body and the stope height in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the layered filling body in the top slab and the vertical load overlying the top slab in an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter optimization design system for the layered filling body of the roof provided in this application embodiment; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0018] Explanation of key component symbols: 200. Parameter optimization design system for the layered filling body of the roof slab; 210. Function fitting module; 220. Parameter acquisition module; 230. First calculation module; 240. Second calculation module; 250. Model construction module; 260. Model calculation module; 300. Electronic equipment; 310. Processor; 320. Communication interface; 330. Memory; 340. Communication bus. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It should be noted that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

[0022] Currently, improving the strength of backfill is mainly achieved by increasing the amount of cementitious material used in cemented backfill. However, an overly conservative increase in cementitious material usage leads to a linear increase in the cost of cemented backfill in mines, reducing the economic benefits of mining. Conversely, if the amount of cementitious material used in downhill stope backfill is insufficient, the stability of the roof backfill cannot be guaranteed, threatening the safety of personnel and equipment. Existing technical solutions primarily consider the stability of the roof backfill in downhill stopes, without incorporating economic cost factors into the strength design of layered roof backfill in downhill stopes. This results in the current technical solutions being unable to quantitatively balance and optimize the relationship between the stability and cost of layered roof backfill, and failing to obtain the optimal strength and layer thickness parameters for layered roof backfill in terms of both safe mining and economic optimization.

[0023] Example 1 This application provides a parameter optimization design method for roof layered backfill, which effectively solves the problem of being unable to quantitatively balance and optimize the design between the stability of roof layered backfill and the cost of cemented backfill.

[0024] In this embodiment, a lead-zinc mine is selected as an example of the method used in this embodiment. This lead-zinc mine adopts the downward approach backfilling mining method, with adjacent layered approaches arranged vertically and alternately. Within each layer, a two-step mining mode of "one-alternate-one-mining" is used. Previously, this lead-zinc mine did not conduct research on the calculation of backfill strength parameters, but mainly selected the strength parameters of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill through empirical analogy. Based on the analysis of the current research and application status of the calculation of the roof strength parameters of the downward approach backfill in mines, the strength of the backfill currently selected by the mine is too high. Although it can achieve the goal of safe production, the cost of cemented backfilling is too high, and the economic benefits of mining are significantly constrained. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the stability and cost of the roof layered backfill in light of the current mining and backfilling technology conditions of this lead-zinc mine, and conduct optimization analysis of the strength parameters and layer thickness parameters of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill to reasonably reduce the backfilling cost. Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S100. Obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test, and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters fitting.

[0025] In one embodiment, the test parameters of the filler specimen are measured by conducting a filling ratio test, and the parameter relationship function is determined by fitting. Specifically, this includes the following steps: S110. Prepare test filling slurries with different test ash-sand ratios according to the tailings and cementing materials used in the layered filling body of the top plate.

[0026] For example, based on the current mining and backfilling technology conditions of the lead-zinc mine, using the tailings and backfilling cementitious materials provided by the mine for the roof layered backfilling body, test backfilling slurries with a mass concentration of 70% and different test ash-sand ratios are prepared. These test ash-sand ratios include, but are not limited to, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8, 1:10 and 1:15.

[0027] S120. The filling specimens cast with the test filling slurry are cured under standard conditions, and after reaching the curing age, uniaxial compression test, tensile test and triaxial compression test are carried out to obtain test parameters. The test parameters include at least the test uniaxial compressive strength, test tensile strength, test elastic modulus, test Poisson's ratio, test cohesion and test internal friction angle.

[0028] Another example involves preparing cylindrical filling specimens with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm. After the filling slurry is cured under standard conditions for 28 days, uniaxial compression tests, tensile tests, and triaxial compression tests are conducted to test the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, internal friction angle, and Poisson's ratio of the cemented filling bodies with different filling material ratios.

[0029] S130. Determine the parameter relationship function based on the fit between the test ash-sand ratio, the test uniaxial compressive strength, the test tensile strength and the test elastic modulus.

[0030] In this embodiment of the application, the parameter relationship functions determined by fitting the test cement-sand ratio, test uniaxial compressive strength, test tensile strength, and test elastic modulus include: functional formulas for uniaxial compressive strength and cement-sand ratio, functional formulas for tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength, and functional formulas for elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength, as detailed below: The formula for the uniaxial compressive strength of the filling material relative to the cement-sand ratio can be a power function, a polynomial function, or an exponential function. For example, the power function form is as follows:

[0031] In the above formula, σ c Indicates uniaxial compressive strength. r Indicates the ash-sand ratio. c m Indicates mass concentration. α and β This represents the coefficients to be determined.

[0032] The functional formulas for tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength can be linear functions or other polynomial functions. For example, when using a linear function, the formula takes the following form:

[0033] In the above formula, σ t Indicates tensile strength. k This represents an undetermined coefficient, which is generally taken as 0.1 in cemented fillers.

[0034] The functional formulas for elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength can be linear functions or other polynomial functions. For example, the linear function form is as follows:

[0035] In the above formula, E Indicates the elastic modulus. N This represents an undetermined coefficient, which is generally taken as 100-500 in cemented fillers.

[0036] For example, the parameter relationship function obtained from the backfill mix design test using tailings and backfill cementitious materials provided by the lead-zinc mine is as follows:

[0037]

[0038]

[0039] Among them, the ratio of lime to sand r For specific numerical values, such as a ash-sand ratio of 1:4, then... r The value should be 0.25, and the ash-sand ratio should be 1:10. r It should be taken as 0.1.

[0040] Based on this, a quantitative functional relationship between the performance of the filling body and the proportioning parameters was established through filling ratio experiments. This broke through the subjective limitations of empirical analogy and provided a reproducible and verifiable constitutive basis for subsequent optimization calculations. The fitted parameter relationship function takes into account both physical rationality and engineering practicality, and supports the accurate and coordinated quantitative analysis of safety factor and filling cost.

[0041] S200: Obtain the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the top slab layered filling body.

[0042] In this embodiment, the roof layered backfill includes a bottom layer backfill and a top layer backfill, which are in contact with each other, with the bottom layer backfill located below the top layer backfill. Strength parameters include at least the tensile strength, compressive strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the bottom and top layers backfills; deformation parameters include at least the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the bottom and top layers backfills; backfill mix parameters include at least the cement-sand ratio of the bottom and top layers backfills; and structural parameters include at least the thickness of the bottom and top layers backfills, the thickness of the top layer backfill, the stope width, the stope length, the stope height, and the overburden vertical load of the roof layered backfill.

[0043] For example, based on the construction parameters of the layered backfill body of a lead-zinc mine, the access shape can be determined to be rectangular, and the stope height... H =4m, width of the mining area W =4.5m, average length of the mining area is L =30m. After ore extraction, each access road is backfilled twice. A 2.0m thick bottom layer of backfill is constructed using a 1:4 lime-sand ratio slurry, with a uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 4.5MPa at 28 days. A 2.0m thick top layer of backfill is constructed using a 1:8 lime-sand ratio slurry, with a uniaxial compressive strength of not less than 1.5MPa at 28 days. Based on the mine's mining technology conditions and ground stress monitoring results, the vertical overlying load on the roof is... q =250kPa.

[0044] S300. The safety factor of the layered filling body of the top slab is obtained by calculating based on the structural parameters, strength parameters and deformation parameters.

[0045] In this embodiment, the maximum tensile stress of the roof layer filling is calculated, and the safety factor of the roof layer filling is calculated based on the maximum tensile stress and tensile strength. The safety factor is then used as a quantitative evaluation index for the stability of the roof layer filling. The calculation of the safety factor is as follows: S310. Calculate the maximum tensile stress of the roof layered filling body based on the thickness of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the top layer filling body, the stope width, the stope height, and the overlying vertical load of the roof layered filling body.

[0046] In the embodiments of this application, numerical simulation methods can be used to determine the maximum tensile stress of the layered filling body in the top plate and the influence of related factors.

[0047] For example, firstly, based on the mining technology conditions of lead-zinc mines, a numerical calculation model of the layered backfill body of the roof is constructed using FLAC3D numerical simulation software. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a stability calculation model of a layered backfill body on the top slab of a lead-zinc mine, constructed based on FLAC3D, as shown in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 As shown, the mining area height is H The width of the mining area is W The thickness of the top layer filling body is h 1. The thickness of the base filler is h 2.

[0048] Then, based on the numerical simulation scheme shown in Table 1, numerical simulation experiments were carried out to analyze the influence of different parameters on the stress state of the layered filling body of the roof, and to screen and determine the key factors affecting the maximum tensile stress of the layered filling body of the roof.

[0049] Table 1. Schematic diagram of numerical simulation scheme for parameter sensitivity analysis of maximum tensile stress in the layered infill of the roof slab.

[0050] In the table above, VAR represents a variable. The final thickness of the underlayer filler is determined based on Table 1. h 2. Elastic modulus of the base filling material E 2. Elastic modulus of the top layer filling body E 1. Stope width W Height of the mining area H and vertical loads on the top slab q These six parameters have the most significant impact on the maximum tensile stress of the layered backfill in the roof, and are key parameters affecting roof stability. Other parameters have limited impact on the maximum tensile stress of the roof, such as the Poisson's ratio of the bottom layer backfill. μ 2. Strengthen the cohesion of the base filler c 2. Determine the internal friction angle of the base filler. 2. Poisson's ratio of the top layer filling body μ 1. Cohesion of the top layer filling body c 1. Internal friction angle of the top layer filling body 1. This will not be considered in subsequent analysis. For example... Figures 3-8 As shown, the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the layered filling body in the top plate and the variation of various parameters is illustrated.

[0051] Finally, a functional formula was fitted to determine the relationship between the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling and each key parameter, thus obtaining an analytical model for the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling. To quantitatively evaluate the influence of each key parameter on the maximum tensile stress, power functions, exponential functions, logarithmic functions, and polynomial functions were attempted to fit the relationship between the maximum tensile stress and these key parameters. Ultimately, the power function was found to have the highest fitting accuracy. Considering that the values ​​of each key parameter are independent, the analytical model expression for the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling is as follows:

[0052] In the above formula, Indicates the maximum tensile stress. A , B , a , b , c , d and e All of these represent coefficients to be determined.

[0053] For example, based on Figures 3-8 By examining the relationship between the maximum tensile stress in the layered roof filling and various parameters, we can determine the undetermined coefficients and obtain the following expression for the analytical model of the maximum tensile stress in the layered roof filling of a lead-zinc mine:

[0054] Since the analytical model for maximum tensile stress is proposed based on numerical simulation results, it can be used to quickly calculate the maximum tensile stress of the layered filling body of the roof under different working conditions (different parameter combinations).

[0055] S320. Calculate the safety factor based on the tensile strength and maximum tensile stress of the bottom layer of filling material.

[0056] In this embodiment, a first strength criterion is used as the instability criterion for the layered roof filling, i.e., the roof is considered unstable when the maximum tensile stress of the layered roof filling exceeds the tensile strength of the filling. Then, the stability of the entire layered roof filling is represented by a safety factor calculated using the tensile strength and maximum tensile stress of the bottom layer filling. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057] In the above formula, S Indicates the safety factor. σ t This indicates the tensile strength of the underlying filler.

[0058] For example, the formula for calculating the safety factor of the layered backfill body in a lead-zinc mine is as follows:

[0059] Based on this, an analytical model of the maximum tensile stress reflecting the real layered structure is constructed according to key parameters to accurately locate the instability risk at the weak surface of the top plate. Using the safety factor as a unified quantitative indicator, a bridge is built between mechanical response and engineering acceptability, providing a reliable stability criterion for the coordinated optimization of strength and filling cost.

[0060] S400. Calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top slab based on the structural parameters and filling ratio parameters.

[0061] It is understandable that the backfilling cost in mines mainly comes from the cost of cementitious materials. Therefore, the amount of cementitious materials used can be used to evaluate the backfilling cost of the layered roof backfill. In this embodiment, the amount of cementitious materials used in the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill can be calculated based on structural parameters and backfill mix ratio parameters, respectively. The total amount of cementitious materials used in the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill is used as a quantitative evaluation index for the backfilling cost of the layered roof backfill. The specific steps for calculating the total amount of cementitious materials used are as follows: S410. Calculate the volume of the underburden backfill based on the thickness of the underburden backfill, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope.

[0062] In this embodiment of the application, the formula for calculating the volume of the underfill material can be approximated as follows:

[0063] In the above formula, This indicates the volume of the underlying filler.

[0064] S420. Calculate the volume of the top layer backfill based on the thickness of the top layer backfill, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope.

[0065] In this embodiment, the formula for calculating the volume of the top layer filling body can be approximated as follows:

[0066] In the above formula, This indicates the volume of the top layer filling material.

[0067] S430. Determine the amount of cementitious material per unit volume of the filling material based on the cement-sand ratio of the bottom layer and the top layer of filling material.

[0068] In one embodiment, the material proportioning of the mine backfilling station indicates that the ash-sand ratio of the backfill slurry has the following correlation with the amount of cementitious material per unit volume of backfill:

[0069] In the above formula, This indicates the amount of cementitious material used per unit volume of filling material. m and nThe coefficients are represented as those to be fitted, for example, based on the filling practice of this lead-zinc mine. m =111.4, n =33.393.

[0070] Therefore, based on the cement-sand ratio of the sub-base. r 2. The ratio of ash to sand in the top layer of filling material r 1. The amount of cementitious material per unit volume of the underfill can be determined separately. The amount of cementitious material per unit volume of the top layer filling body. .

[0071] S440. Calculate the total amount of cementitious material based on the volume of the bottom layer of backfill, the volume of the top layer of backfill, and the amount of cementitious material per unit volume of backfill.

[0072] In this embodiment, the sum of the thickness of the top layer backfill and the thickness of the bottom layer backfill is the stope height. H Based on the above formulas, the formula for calculating the total amount of cementitious materials used is as follows:

[0073] In the above formula, M This indicates the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered backfill of the top slab. This total amount of cementitious material is only related to the cement-sand ratio of the bottom backfill. r 2. Deploy the thickness of the base filling material. h 2 and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r 1. These parameters are the most important parameters in the design scheme for the strength requirements of the layered filling body of the mine roof.

[0074] Based on this, the amount of cementitious material used is upgraded from empirical estimation to a calculable and decomposable quantitative cost indicator. This makes the filling cost no longer a general term, but an optimization variable strongly coupled with the layer thickness and the cement-sand ratio, laying the foundation for engineering economic parameters for subsequent multi-objective collaborative optimization.

[0075] S500. The safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of ash-sand ratio and layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. The target optimization model is constructed based on the parameter relationship function.

[0076] In this embodiment, the safety factor or total amount of cementitious material used in the layered backfill of the top slab is used as the optimization target parameter, and the cement-sand ratio and thickness of the bottom layer backfill and the cement-sand ratio and thickness of the top layer backfill are used as constraints to construct a target optimization model, which specifically includes the following steps: S510. Based on the parameter relationship function, express the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious materials as a function of the cement-sand ratio and the layer thickness to obtain the safety factor function and the total amount of cementitious materials function.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, based on the functional formulas for uniaxial compressive strength and cement-sand ratio, tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength, and elastic modulus and uniaxial compressive strength determined in step S100, the calculation formula for the safety factor can be transformed as follows:

[0078] In the above formula, Represents the safety factor function. Indicates the ratio of cement to sand in the base filling. r 2. Relevant tensile strength, Indicates the cement-sand ratio with the base fill. r 2. Deploy the thickness of the base filling material. h 2 and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r 1. The maximum tensile stress associated with it.

[0079] The total amount of cementitious material used in the top slab layered backfill is inherently related to the cement-sand ratio of the bottom layer backfill. r 2. Deploy the thickness of the base filling material. h 2 and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r Based on the correlation, the total amount of cementitious materials used can be obtained as follows:

[0080] In the above formula, This represents a function indicating the total amount of cementitious materials used.

[0081] S520. Determine the range of lime-sand ratio and thickness based on the mine's backfilling experience to obtain the constraints.

[0082] For example, the cement-sand ratio of the underfill material r 2. Deploy the thickness of the base filling material. h 2 and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r The value range of 1 can be determined based on the filling practice of this lead-zinc mine. Based on the filling practice of this lead-zinc mine, the ash-sand ratio of the bottom filling body is determined. r The range of 2 is 1 / 6 ≤ r 2≤1 / 3, the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r The range of 1 is 1 / 15 ≤ r 1≤1 / 8, thickness of the base filling h The range of 2 is 0≤ h 2≤ H .

[0083] S530. Under constraints, construct a filling cost optimization model with the goal of minimizing the total amount of cementitious materials and the safety factor function being greater than or equal to a preset safety factor threshold.

[0084] In this embodiment, the filling cost optimization model can use the cementitious material utility coefficient as the optimization objective parameter. The cementitious material utility coefficient is the ratio of the safety factor to the total amount of cementitious material used, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0085] In the above formula, F It represents the cementitious material utility coefficient, which in engineering terms is the increase in the safety factor of the roof layered backfill caused by the consumption of one ton of cementitious material.

[0086] The cementitious material utility coefficient of a mine can be calculated based on the safety factor function and the total cementitious material usage function. F ( r 2, r 1, h 2) Further, using the cementitious material utility coefficient as the optimization objective parameter, and parameters such as the thickness of the bottom layer backfill and the cement-sand ratio, and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer backfill as constraints, a backfill cost optimization model is constructed as follows: The optimization objective is to minimize the total amount of cementitious material used, and the safety factor function is greater than or equal to a preset safety factor threshold.

[0087] In the above formula, S 0 indicates a preset safety factor threshold, which can be set to 1.0~3.0.

[0088] Understandably, for stopes with the same safety factor, layered backfill can have different combinations of strength and layer thickness for the underlying backfill and the adjacent top backfill, resulting in varying total amounts of cementitious material used. For example, the height of the downward access stope in this lead-zinc mine... H =4m, width of the mining area W =4.5m, average length of the mining area is L=30m, using a mortar with a cement-sand ratio of 1:4 to construct a 2.0m thick base filling, and using a mortar with a cement-sand ratio of 1:8 to construct a 2.0m thick top filling, the total amount of cementitious material used for each access road is calculated to be 130.5 tons, and the safety factor for the top slab layered filling is 1.9. If the safety factor for the top slab layered filling remains unchanged, optimizing the base filling thickness to 1.3m and the cement-sand ratio to 1:3, and the top filling thickness to 2.7m and the cement-sand ratio to 1:12, the total amount of cementitious material can be reduced to 116.8 tons, a reduction of 10%. Similarly, the thickness and cement-sand ratio of the base filling and the top filling can be adjusted to other values ​​to achieve a greater reduction in cementitious material while keeping the safety factor unchanged. Therefore, there exists an optimal combination of parameters for the thickness and cement-sand ratio of the underfill material and the thickness and cement-sand ratio of the topfill material, which minimizes the amount of cementitious material used while maintaining the safety factor of the layered topfill material. This optimal parameter combination can be obtained by solving the above-mentioned backfill cost optimization model.

[0089] In another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a stability optimization model is constructed under constraints with the optimization objective of maximizing the safety factor function and the total amount of cementitious materials being less than or equal to a preset amount threshold.

[0090] In this embodiment, the stability optimization model can directly use the safety factor as the optimization objective function. The stability optimization model is as follows:

[0091] In the above formula, M 0 indicates a preset usage threshold, which can be set according to actual conditions.

[0092] It is understandable that, for layered backfill bodies constructed using the same total amount of cementitious material, different cementitious material distribution schemes can be adopted. This results in different combinations of strength and layer thickness parameters for the bottom layer backfill and the adjacent top layer backfill, leading to varying safety factors for the roof of the layered backfill body. For example, the height of the downward access stope in this lead-zinc mine... H =4m, width of the mining area W =4.5m, average length of the mining area is L=30m, using a mortar with a cement-sand ratio of 1:4 to construct a 2.0m thick base layer backfill, and using a mortar with a cement-sand ratio of 1:8 to construct a 2.0m thick top layer backfill, the total amount of cementitious material used for each access road is calculated to be 130.5 tons, and the safety factor of the top slab layered backfill is 1.9. If the same amount of cementitious material is used to construct the top slab layered backfill, optimizing the base layer backfill thickness to 1.2m and the cement-sand ratio to 1:3, and the top layer backfill thickness to 2.8m and the cement-sand ratio to 1:8, the safety factor can be further increased to 2.5, and the stability of the top slab layered backfill is improved by 31%. Similarly, the thickness and cement-sand ratio of the base layer backfill and the top layer backfill can be adjusted to other values ​​to maximize the safety factor of the top slab layered backfill while keeping the total amount of cementitious material constant. Therefore, there exists an optimal combination of parameters for the thickness of the bottom layer backfill and the cement-sand ratio, and the thickness of the top layer backfill and the cement-sand ratio, which maximizes the safety factor of the top slab layered backfill while keeping the total amount of cementitious material used constant. The optimal parameter combination can be obtained by solving the above stability optimization model.

[0093] Based on this, the backfill cost optimization model and stability optimization model can provide a scientific method reference for the optimization design of the strength parameters of the backfill body in the roof analysis of the down-stop backfill mining method, and provide methodological support for the mine to rationally allocate the strength, layer thickness and cementitious material usage of the bottom backfill body and the top backfill body in the down-stop.

[0094] S600. Calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model to obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body that meet the optimization target.

[0095] In this embodiment of the application, by solving the above-mentioned backfill cost optimization model and stability optimization model, an optimal parameter combination can be obtained: the cement-sand ratio of the bottom backfill body. r 2. Deploy the thickness of the base filling material. h 2 and the cement-sand ratio of the top layer filling body r 1, which is to meet the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness to maximize the cementitious material's utility coefficient or safety factor.

[0096] To verify the effectiveness of the method provided in this application embodiment, parameter design optimization was performed on the roof layered backfill of the aforementioned lead-zinc mine, specifically the height of the downward access stope in the lead-zinc mine. H =4m, width of the mining area W =4.5m, average length of the mining area is L=30m, using slurry with a cement-sand ratio of 1:4 to construct a 2.0m thick base filling body, and using slurry with a cement-sand ratio of 1:8 to construct a 2.0m thick top filling body, the total amount of cementitious material used for each access road is calculated to be 130.5 tons, and the safety factor of the top slab layered filling body is 1.9. By constructing a filling cost optimization model with minimizing the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization objective and a safety factor function greater than or equal to a preset safety factor threshold, the optimal base filling body thickness is calculated to be 1.2m with a cement-sand ratio of 1:3, and the optimal top filling body thickness is calculated to be 2.8m with a cement-sand ratio of 1:12. Under the premise that the safety factor of the top slab layered filling body remains unchanged at 1.9, the total cementitious material consumption of each access road is reduced to 113 tons, which is about 17.5 tons less than the original access road top slab filling scheme. If the price of cementitious material for mine backfilling is 500 yuan per ton, then each access route can reduce the cost of cemented backfilling by 8,700 yuan. The mine has an annual production capacity of approximately 2 million tons, and under safe conditions, it can save nearly 10 million yuan annually in cementitious material costs, demonstrating a significant cost-saving effect in cemented backfilling. The parameter optimization design method for the roof layered backfill provided in this application fully considers the collaborative bearing characteristics of each layer of the roof layered backfill. Based on balancing the mutual constraints between the stability of the roof backfill and the backfilling cost, it can determine the optimal ash-sand ratio and the optimal layer thickness of the roof layered backfill. This enables the lowest cemented backfilling cost when the roof safety factor is fixed, or the coordinated matching of the strength and layer height parameters of the roof layered backfill when the total amount of cementitious material used in the stope is fixed, thereby maximizing the overall safety factor of the roof layered backfill in the downward stope.

[0097] Example 2 Based on the same technical concept as Embodiment 1 above, this application provides a parameter optimization design system for a top plate layered filling body. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the parameter optimization design system for the layered filling body of the roof provided in this application embodiment, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown, the parameter optimization design system 200 for the layered filling body of the roof slab includes: The function fitting module 210 is used to obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test and to determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters.

[0098] The parameter acquisition module 220 is used to acquire the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters and filling ratio parameters of the top slab layered filling body.

[0099] The first calculation module 230 is used to calculate the safety factor of the layered filling body of the top plate based on structural parameters, strength parameters and deformation parameters.

[0100] The second calculation module 240 is used to calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top plate based on the structural parameters and filling ratio parameters.

[0101] The model building module 250 is used to construct a target optimization model based on the parameter relationship function, using the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization target parameter and the range of ash-sand ratio and layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body as constraints.

[0102] The model calculation module 260 is used to calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model and obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body to meet the optimization target.

[0103] The parameter optimization design system for the layered roof filling body provided in this application embodiment can reasonably control the cost of cemented filling while ensuring safe mining in the mine, through the synergistic optimization analysis of the strength parameters and filling cost of the layered roof filling body. This helps to improve mine safety and economic efficiency.

[0104] It is understood that the implementation method of the parameter optimization design method of the top plate layered filling body in the above embodiment 1 is also applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect, so it will not be described again here.

[0105] Example 3 Based on the same concept, this application also provides an electronic device. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 300 may include a processor 310, a communication interface 320, a memory 330, and a communication bus 340, wherein the processor 310, the communication interface 320, and the memory 330 communicate with each other via the communication bus 340. The processor 310 can call logical instructions in the memory 330 to execute the steps of the parameter optimization design method for the top plate layered filling body as described in the above embodiments. For example, it includes: S100. Obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test, and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters; S200. Obtain the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the top slab layered filling body; S300. The safety factor of the layered filling body of the top slab is obtained by calculating based on the structural parameters, strength parameters and deformation parameters. S400. Calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top slab based on the structural parameters and filling ratio parameters. S500. The safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. The target optimization model is constructed based on the parameter relationship function. S600. Calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model to obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body that meet the optimization target.

[0106] The processor 310 can be a central processing unit (CPU). The processor can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or combinations of the above types of chips.

[0107] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 330 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0108] The memory 330 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and applications required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created by the processor, etc. Furthermore, the memory may include high-speed random access memory and non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, which can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0109] Example 4 Based on the same concept, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program containing at least one piece of code executable by a master control device to control the master control device to implement the steps of the parameter optimization design method for the top slab layered filling body as described in the above embodiments. For example, it includes: S100. Obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test, and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters; S200. Obtain the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the top slab layered filling body; S300. The safety factor of the layered filling body of the top slab is obtained by calculating based on the structural parameters, strength parameters and deformation parameters. S400. Calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top slab based on the structural parameters and filling ratio parameters. S500. The safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. The target optimization model is constructed based on the parameter relationship function. S600. Calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model to obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body that meet the optimization target.

[0110] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a computer program, which, when executed by a main control device, is used to implement the above-described method embodiments.

[0111] The computer program may be stored, in whole or in part, on a computer-readable storage medium packaged with the processor, or in part or in whole on a memory not packaged with the processor.

[0112] Based on the same technical concept, this application also provides a processor for implementing the above-described method embodiments. The processor can be a chip.

[0113] In summary, the parameter optimization design method, system, equipment, and medium for layered roof backfill provided in this application fully consider the collaborative bearing characteristics of each layer of the layered roof backfill. By balancing the interdependent relationship between the stability and backfilling cost of the roof backfill, it can determine the optimal cement-sand ratio and optimal layer thickness of the layered roof backfill. This ensures the lowest backfilling cost when the roof safety factor is fixed, or the coordinated matching of the strength and layer thickness parameters of the layered roof backfill when the total amount of cementitious material used in the stope is fixed, thereby maximizing the overall safety factor of the layered roof backfill in the downward-facing stope. Through the coordinated optimization analysis of the strength parameters and backfilling cost of the layered roof backfill, the cost of cemented backfill can be reasonably controlled while ensuring safe mining operations, contributing to improved mine safety and economic efficiency.

[0114] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0115] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A parameter optimization design method for a layered filling body in a roof slab, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test, and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters; Obtain the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the layered filling body in the top slab; The safety factor of the layered filling body of the top plate is calculated based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters, and the deformation parameters. The total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top plate is calculated based on the structural parameters and the filling ratio parameters. The safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is used as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body are used as constraints. Based on the parameter relationship function, a target optimization model is constructed. Calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model to obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body that satisfy the optimization target.

2. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top slab layered filling body includes a bottom layer filling body and a top layer filling body, the bottom layer filling body and the top layer filling body are in contact with each other, and the bottom layer filling body is located below the top layer filling body; The strength parameters include at least the tensile strength, compressive strength, cohesion, and internal friction angle of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; the deformation parameters include at least the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; the backfill mix ratio parameters include at least the ash-sand ratio of the bottom layer backfill and the top layer backfill; and the structural parameters include at least the thickness of the bottom layer backfill, the thickness of the top layer backfill, the stope width, the stope length, the stope height, and the overburden vertical load of the roof layer backfill.

3. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the safety factor of the layered filling body of the top slab based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters, and the deformation parameters includes: The maximum tensile stress of the roof layered filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the bottom layer filling body, the elastic modulus of the top layer filling body, the width of the stope, the height of the stope, and the overlying vertical load of the roof layered filling body. The safety factor is calculated based on the tensile strength of the underlying filler and the maximum tensile stress.

4. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation based on the structural parameters, strength parameters, and filling ratio parameters to obtain the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top slab includes: The volume of the underpass filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the underpass filling body, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope. The volume of the top layer filling body is calculated based on the thickness of the top layer filling body, the width of the stope, and the length of the stope. The amount of cementitious material per unit volume of the filling body is determined based on the ash-sand ratio of the bottom layer filling body and the top layer filling body. The total amount of cementitious material is calculated based on the volume of the bottom layer filling body, the volume of the top layer filling body, and the amount of cementitious material used per unit volume of filling body.

5. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization target parameter, and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body as constraints, a target optimization model is constructed based on the parameter relationship function, including: Based on the parameter relationship function, the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material is expressed as a function of the ash-sand ratio and the layer thickness, thus obtaining the safety factor function and the total amount of cementitious material function; Based on practical experience in mine backfilling, the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness are determined to obtain the constraint conditions; Under the constraints, a filling cost optimization model is constructed with minimizing the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization objective and the safety factor function being greater than or equal to a preset safety factor threshold. Alternatively, under the constraints, a stability optimization model can be constructed with the safety factor function as the optimization objective and the total amount of cementitious material used as less than or equal to a preset usage threshold.

6. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 5, characterized in that, The filling cost optimization model uses the cementitious material utility coefficient as the optimization objective parameter. The cementitious material utility coefficient is the ratio of the safety factor to the total amount of cementitious material used. The stability optimization model uses the safety factor as the optimization objective function.

7. The parameter optimization design method for the layered filling body of the roof slab according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the test parameters for the filling ratio test and determining the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters includes: Test filling slurries with different ash-sand ratios were prepared according to the tailings and filling cementitious materials of the top plate layered filling body. The filling specimens cast with the test filling slurry are cured under standard conditions, and after reaching the curing age, uniaxial compression test, tensile test and triaxial compression test are performed to obtain the test parameters. The test parameters include at least the test uniaxial compressive strength, test tensile strength, test elastic modulus, test Poisson's ratio, test cohesion and test internal friction angle. The parameter relationship function is determined by fitting the test ash-sand ratio, the test uniaxial compressive strength, the test tensile strength, and the test elastic modulus.

8. A parameter optimization design system for a layered roof filling body, characterized in that, The system includes: The function fitting module is used to obtain the test parameters of the filling ratio test and to fit and determine the parameter relationship function based on the test parameters. The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the structural parameters, strength parameters, deformation parameters, and filling ratio parameters of the layered filling body of the top plate; The first calculation module is used to calculate the safety factor of the top plate layered filling body based on the structural parameters, the strength parameters and the deformation parameters. The second calculation module is used to calculate the total amount of cementitious material used in the layered filling body of the top plate based on the structural parameters and the filling ratio parameters. The model building module is used to construct a target optimization model based on the parameter relationship function, taking the safety factor or the total amount of cementitious material as the optimization target parameter and the range of the ash-sand ratio and the range of the layer thickness of the top slab layered filling body as the constraint condition. The model calculation module is used to calculate the optimal solution of the target optimization model and obtain the target ash-sand ratio and target layer thickness of the top plate layered filling body to meet the optimization target.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The processor executes the computer program to implement the parameter optimization design method for the top plate layered filling body as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the parameter optimization design method for the top plate layered filling body as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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