Improved cascade reservoir ecological regulation method and device for water flow of natural spawning test field of Chinese sturgeon in dam lower bifurcated river

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of reservoir regulation, and discloses a cascade reservoir ecological regulation method and device for improving water flow of a Chinese sturgeon natural spawning test field in a bifurcated river downstream of a dam, the method comprising: obtaining test field hydrological data, main river hydrological data and reservoir hydrological data; constructing a target relationship model between reservoir outflow and test field flow rate according to the data; analyzing spawning suitable flow rate of Chinese sturgeon according to activity trajectory data and the target relationship model to obtain a satisfaction rate of a target suitable flow rate threshold; and taking the maximum satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow rate threshold as an optimization target, and taking multiple technical constraints as constraint conditions, optimizing the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain a target regulation scheme. The present application improves the suitability of the influence of reservoir outflow adjustment on fish spawning through target relationship model analysis and outflow optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of reservoir scheduling technology, specifically to a method and apparatus for ecological scheduling of cascade reservoirs to improve water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels of a dam. Background Technology

[0002] The Chinese sturgeon is a rare and endangered large anadromous fish species endemic to my country, and the restoration of its natural population is one of the important goals of the Yangtze River conservation effort. To reconstruct the natural reproductive process of the Chinese sturgeon, controlled natural spawning experimental grounds are constructed in the downstream branch channels of the dam, where parent fish are induced to spawn naturally through artificial assistance. To create suitable water flow conditions for spawning within these experimental grounds, diversion channels are often constructed to introduce water from the main channel into the branch channels. The flow velocity within the natural spawning experimental grounds depends not only on the engineering design of the diversion channels but also closely on the flow rate of the main channel. A higher main channel flow rate and a higher water level at the intake point typically lead to a higher diversion flow rate, which in turn increases the flow velocity of the water transported through the channels within the experimental grounds.

[0003] In related technologies, the method for regulating the flow velocity in fish spawning areas involves creating a continuous flow increase over several days during the spring and summer breeding season to simulate a natural flood peak and stimulate concentrated spawning. However, the spawning season for Chinese sturgeon is from October to December, which is the dry season, and the natural water inflow is limited, making it impossible to control the flow velocity in the natural spawning experimental grounds of Chinese sturgeon. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation method and device for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel, in order to solve the problem that the flow velocity in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field cannot be controlled due to the regulation method of flow velocity in the fish spawning area in related technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in a natural spawning experimental site for Chinese sturgeon in a downstream branching channel, comprising: acquiring hydrological data of the target branching channel experimental site, hydrological data of the main channel, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs; the target branching channel experimental site is a pre-defined area configured in the branching channel for fish spawning, the main channel is a channel that diverts water to the target branching channel experimental site through an open channel, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs are located upstream and downstream of the main channel; based on the experimental site hydrological data and the main channel... Hydrological data and reservoir hydrological data are used to construct a target relationship model between reservoir outflow and experimental field flow velocity. Activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon are obtained, and based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model, the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon is analyzed to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. With maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold as the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints as conditions, the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs is optimized to obtain a target scheduling scheme, which is then used to adjust the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs.

[0006] This invention relates to a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the natural spawning experimental site of Chinese sturgeon in the downstream branching channel. It acquires hydrological data of the experimental site, the main channel, and upstream and downstream reservoirs through multi-dimensional hydrological data collection, covering all hydrological data from upstream and downstream reservoirs, the main channel, and the experimental site. Based on the experimental site, main channel, and reservoir hydrological data, this invention constructs a target relationship model between reservoir outflow and experimental site flow velocity, establishing a quantitative mapping relationship between reservoir outflow and experimental site flow velocity. It establishes the mechanistic correlation between reservoir scheduling and experimental site hydrodynamic conditions, and, combined with Chinese sturgeon activity trajectory data, analyzes the suitable spawning flow velocity for Chinese sturgeon, obtaining the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. This achieves the linkage regulation of water flow conditions and fish behavior, quantifying the ecological suitability of the spawning habitat under different flow rates. This invention aims to maximize the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold and uses multiple technical constraints as conditions to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs, thereby obtaining a target scheduling scheme. This scheme precisely regulates the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs, thereby optimizing the flow velocity conditions of the target branching river test site, directly improving the spawning habitat of Chinese sturgeon, and realizing closed-loop regulation from ecological analysis and model construction to engineering scheduling.

[0007] In one optional implementation, acquiring hydrological data of the target branching channel test site, hydrological data of the main channel, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs includes: collecting flow data at the branching channel intake, hydrological data of key sections of the diversion channel, flow velocity data, and hydrological data of the target branching channel test site using hydrodynamic monitoring modules deployed at the target branching channel test site, to obtain test site hydrological data; collecting flow data, water level data, and water temperature data of key hydrological sections of the main channel using hydrological monitoring modules deployed at the main channel, to obtain main channel hydrological data; and collecting outflow data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs using reservoir monitoring modules deployed at the upstream and downstream reservoirs, to obtain reservoir hydrological data.

[0008] In one optional implementation, a target relationship model between reservoir outflow and test field flow velocity is constructed based on hydrological data from the test site, the main channel, and the reservoir. A first relationship between reservoir outflow and main channel flow is constructed based on the main channel and reservoir hydrological data. A second relationship between main channel flow and diversion flow from branch channels is constructed based on the main channel and test site hydrological data. A third relationship between diversion flow from branch channels and test field flow velocity is constructed based on the test site and main channel hydrological data. The first, second, and third relationships are then fused to obtain the target relationship model between reservoir outflow and test field flow velocity.

[0009] In one optional implementation, the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon is analyzed based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. This includes: analyzing the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model; and analyzing the cumulative satisfaction time of the suitable flow velocity or the number of suitable flow velocity events triggered in the target branching channel test field based on the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the optimization objective is to maximize the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold, and multiple technical constraints are used as constraints to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain the target scheduling scheme. This includes: inputting the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints into a preset optimization algorithm to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain the target scheduling scheme.

[0011] In one optional implementation, the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branch channels of the dam further includes: after the target scheduling plan is executed, conducting an ecological effect assessment based on real-time monitoring data and parent fish behavior trajectory data to obtain an ecological effect assessment result; conducting a power generation impact assessment based on power generation change data, peak-shaving capacity impact data, and economic benefit and loss data to obtain a power generation impact assessment result; obtaining a reservoir operation impact assessment result based on the impact of the execution of the target scheduling plan on upstream and downstream reservoirs; and generating a comprehensive assessment report based on the ecological effect assessment result, the power generation impact assessment result, and the reservoir operation impact assessment result.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving the water flow in a natural spawning experimental site for Chinese sturgeon in a downstream branching channel, comprising: a data acquisition unit for acquiring hydrological data of the target branching channel experimental site, hydrological data of the main channel, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs; the target branching channel experimental site is a pre-defined area configured in the branching channel for fish spawning, the main channel is a channel that diverts water to the target branching channel experimental site through an open channel, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs are located upstream and downstream of the main channel; a relational model construction unit for constructing a relational model based on the experimental site hydrological data, the main channel water flow, and the hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs. Based on the data from the text and reservoir hydrology, a target relationship model is constructed between the reservoir outflow and the flow velocity in the test field. The satisfaction rate analysis unit is used to acquire the activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon. Based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model, the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon is analyzed to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. The reservoir ecological scheduling unit is used to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs with the maximum satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold as the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints as constraints, to obtain the target scheduling scheme, and to adjust the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs according to the target scheduling scheme.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel of the dam, as described in the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment.

[0014] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel of the dam, as described in the first aspect above or any corresponding embodiment.

[0015] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which are used to cause the computer to execute the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel of the dam, as described in the first aspect above or any corresponding embodiment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first process of a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second process of the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning test site in the downstream branching channel of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the third process of the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning test site in the downstream branching channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the target branching river test site and the layout of monitoring equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outflow process of reservoir A during the ecological scheduling and replenishment period according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the flow process of reservoir B and the main river channel C downstream of the dam during the ecological scheduling and replenishment period according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flow velocity change process in the target branching river test field during the ecological scheduling and replenishment period according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the monitoring of Chinese sturgeon eggs in a target branching river experimental field according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a diagram of the swimming trajectory of experimental parent fish monitored by a single sonar marker according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the flow velocity preference of experimental parent fish monitored by multiple sonar markers according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12This is a first structural block diagram of a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a second structural block diagram of a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0020] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0021] As an optional application scenario of this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling system for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branch channels of the dam may include at least one terminal device and at least one server. Figure 1 The system is illustrated in the example, which includes a computer 101, a mobile terminal 102, and a server 103, and the terminal devices such as the computer 101 and the mobile terminal 102 are connected to the server 103 through a network 110.

[0022] Specifically, the terminal device can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, PDA, desktop computer, game console, smart TV, smart wearable device, in-vehicle terminal, VR (Virtual Reality) device, AR (Augmented Reality) device, etc. Server 103 can be a standalone physical server, a server cluster, a distributed system, or a cloud server providing cloud services. Network 110 can be a wired or wireless network, examples of which include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranet, local area network, wide area network, mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0023] The Chinese sturgeon is a rare and endangered large anadromous fish species endemic to my country, and the restoration of its natural population is one of the important goals of the Yangtze River conservation effort. Due to factors such as water conservancy projects and habitat loss, spawning activities in the natural spawning grounds of the Chinese sturgeon have been interrupted for many years. In recent years, to reconstruct its natural reproductive process, researchers have attempted to construct controlled natural spawning experimental grounds for the Chinese sturgeon in suitable river sections, inducing spawning of parent fish through artificial assistance. Distributary channels typically possess relatively independent water flow environments, suitable substrate conditions, and lower levels of human disturbance, which are conducive to the construction of natural spawning experimental grounds for the Chinese sturgeon. To create suitable water flow conditions for spawning within these experimental grounds, diversion channels are often constructed to introduce water from the main channel into the distributary channels. The flow velocity within the experimental grounds depends not only on the engineering design of the diversion channels but also on the flow rate of the main channel. A higher flow rate in the main channel and a higher water level at the intake point usually result in a higher diversion flow rate, which in turn increases the flow velocity of the water transported through the channels within the experimental grounds. However, the spawning season of the Chinese sturgeon (October to December) coincides with the dry season of rivers, when natural water flow is limited and the main channel flow is primarily controlled by reservoir operations. To meet the demands of power generation and peak shaving, the reservoir's discharge flow often exhibits a "peak-valley" characteristic consistent with the power grid load, meaning a large discharge during peak daytime loads and a small discharge during off-peak nighttime loads. This contradicts the Chinese sturgeon's ecological preference for spawning in the early morning hours under higher flow conditions. During the dry season, even the average daytime flow is often insufficient to achieve suitable flow velocities in the branching river test areas, while the low nighttime flow is even less adequate to meet the requirements.

[0024] In related technologies, the method for regulating the flow velocity in fish spawning areas involves creating a continuous flow increase over several days during the spring and summer (May-June) breeding season to simulate a natural flood peak and stimulate concentrated spawning. This regulation mechanism relies on parameters such as the flow increase, duration, and timing, representing a holistic regulation of the flow process within the main channel. However, this method is ill-suited to the timing of the flow increase. The Chinese sturgeon spawns from October to December, which is a dry season with limited natural water inflow, lacking the natural conditions for continuous spring and summer flooding. Furthermore, the regulatory objectives differ: most fish require continuous flooding stimulation, while the Chinese sturgeon relies more on higher flow velocities at specific times (such as early morning) and requires precise local velocity increases within the branch channels. Finally, the regulation mechanism is mismatched, failing to consider the water diversion relationship between the main channel and branch channels, thus failing to achieve indirect regulation of the flow velocity within the natural spawning experimental grounds of the Chinese sturgeon.

[0025] Other related technologies optimize the flow field in front of or near the dam by adjusting the discharge mode of the power plant units, thereby improving the suitability of spawning grounds in the main channel. Although this method targets the Chinese sturgeon and incorporates hydrodynamic simulation and neural network prediction, it still has the following limitations: the control object is the main channel near the dam, and its habitat assessment and scheduling objectives are all centered on historical spawning grounds in the main channel, without addressing the special habitat type of distributary channels; the control method is unit combination optimization, focusing on adjusting local hydrodynamic conditions downstream of the dam through the distribution of power plant generation flow and sluice gate flow, rather than changing the overall downstream flow process through coordinated scheduling of upstream reservoirs; and no interlocking response model between reservoir outflow and test field has been established, making precise feedforward control impossible.

[0026] This invention provides a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels of a dam. Through target relationship model analysis and outflow optimization, the method aims to improve the suitability of reservoir outflow adjustment on fish spawning.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for ecological regulation of cascade reservoirs to improve water flow in the natural spawning experimental ground of Chinese sturgeon in the downstream branching channels of a dam is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0028] This embodiment provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation method for improving water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, which can be used with computer equipment. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the first method for ecological regulation of cascade reservoirs to improve water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S201: Obtain hydrological data of the test site of the target branch river test site, hydrological data of the main channel of the main river, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs.

[0029] The target branching channel test site is a pre-designated area set up in the branching channel for fish spawning. The hydrological data for the test site includes the hydrological data of both the target branching channel test site and the branching channel itself, including: the water flow rate at the branching channel intake, the water level at the branching channel intake, the flow velocity at key sections of the diversion channel, the flow rate at key sections of the diversion channel, the flow velocity data of the target branching channel test site, and the vertical water temperature distribution data of the target branching channel test site. The main channel is the river that diverts water to the target branching channel test site through the diversion channel. The main channel hydrological data includes hydrological monitoring data within the main channel, such as flow, water level, and water temperature data at key hydrological sections of the main channel. These key hydrological sections are located near the upstream of the water intake of the branch channels, and their flow can represent the hydraulic conditions affecting water diversion. The upstream and downstream reservoirs are cascade reservoirs located upstream and downstream of the main channel, with adjustable discharge flows. The reservoir hydrological data includes reservoir outflow, reservoir water level, scheduled flow, and discharge process data. The reservoir hydrological data includes the outflow from the upstream reservoir and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir.

[0030] Step S202: Based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir, construct a target relationship model between the reservoir outflow and the flow velocity of the test site.

[0031] Among them, the reservoir outflow is the discharge flow from the upstream and downstream reservoirs to the downstream main channel, the test field velocity is the water flow velocity at key points in the test field of the target branch channel, and the target relationship model is a model that characterizes the change in reservoir outflow and the change in flow velocity response of the spawning test field.

[0032] Step S203: Obtain the activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon. Based on the relationship model between the activity trajectory data and the target, analyze the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon and obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0033] Among them, the Chinese sturgeon is a rare spawning fish, and for example, the Chinese sturgeon can be used as the parent fish of the Chinese sturgeon; the activity trajectory data is the monitoring data of the location, time and movement path of the fish's migration, habitat and spawning behavior.

[0034] In some optional implementations, sonar monitoring technology is used to locate the individual swimming trajectories of Chinese sturgeon in real time and obtain detailed underwater three-dimensional activity trajectory data of fish. Specifically, underwater sonar arrays are deployed to form a monitoring network covering the main activity areas of the test site, and Chinese sturgeon are acoustically marked to achieve individual identification and continuous tracking.

[0035] In some optional implementations, the suitable spawning flow velocity is the optimal water flow velocity range required for the natural spawning of Chinese sturgeon; the target suitable flow velocity threshold is the critical lower limit, upper limit and optimal range of the flow velocity for successful spawning of Chinese sturgeon; the satisfaction rate is the percentage of time / degree of compliance of the flow velocity in the target branch channel test field within the suitable flow velocity range under a certain reservoir scheduling scenario.

[0036] Step S204: With the goal of maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold as the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints as the constraints, the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs is optimized to obtain the target scheduling scheme, and the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs is adjusted according to the target scheduling scheme.

[0037] Several technical constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, allowable fluctuations in reservoir water level, upper and lower limits of power plant output, load curve constraints given by the power grid, minimum flow constraints required for downstream navigation, and ecological base flow constraints in the river channel.

[0038] In some optional implementations, a preset optimization algorithm is used to optimize the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain a target scheduling scheme, which is the optimal time-series scheduling plan for the outflow from the cascade reservoirs.

[0039] This embodiment provides a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel. It acquires hydrological data of the target branching channel experimental field, the main channel, and upstream and downstream reservoirs. Through multi-dimensional hydrological data collection, it covers all hydrological data from upstream and downstream reservoirs, the main channel, and the target branching channel experimental field. Based on the experimental field hydrological data, the embodiment constructs a target relationship model between reservoir outflow and experimental field flow velocity, establishing a quantitative mapping relationship between reservoir outflow and experimental field flow velocity. This establishes the mechanistic correlation between reservoir scheduling and experimental field hydrodynamic conditions. Combined with Chinese sturgeon activity trajectory data, it analyzes the suitable spawning flow velocity for Chinese sturgeon, obtaining the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. This achieves the linkage regulation of water flow conditions and fish behavior, quantifying the ecological suitability of the spawning habitat under different flow rates. This invention aims to maximize the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold and uses multiple technical constraints as conditions to optimize the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs, thereby obtaining a target scheduling scheme. This scheme precisely regulates the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs, thereby optimizing the flow velocity conditions of the target branching river test site, directly improving the spawning habitat of Chinese sturgeon, and achieving closed-loop regulation from ecological analysis and model construction to engineering scheduling.

[0040] This embodiment provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation method for improving water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, which can be used with computer equipment. Figure 3This is a flowchart of the first method for ecological regulation of cascade reservoirs to improve water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S301: Obtain hydrological data of the test site of the target branch river test site, hydrological data of the main channel of the main river, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs.

[0041] Specifically, step S301 includes: Step S3011: Based on the hydrodynamic monitoring module deployed at the target branching channel test site, collect the flow data at the branching channel intake, the hydrological data of the key sections of the diversion channel, the flow velocity data and hydrological data of the target branching channel test site, and obtain the test site hydrological data.

[0042] The hydrodynamic monitoring module consists of multiple sensors used to monitor the water flow, water level, and water temperature at the water intake of the branching channel. It is also used to monitor the flow velocity and flow rate at key sections of the diversion channel. Furthermore, it is used to monitor the vertical average flow velocity or fixed-point flow velocity data of the target branching channel test site using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) or Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). Additionally, it is used to monitor the water temperature of the target branching channel test site in real time, especially to monitor whether it is within the suitable spawning temperature window for Chinese sturgeon. It is also used for fish egg collection to determine whether Chinese sturgeon have spawned.

[0043] Step S3012: Based on the hydrological monitoring module deployed in the main channel, collect the flow data, water level data and water temperature data of key hydrological sections of the main channel to obtain the hydrological data of the main channel.

[0044] The hydrodynamic monitoring module consists of multiple sensors used to monitor the flow rate, water level, and water temperature data of key sections of the main channel downstream of the dam corresponding to the target branch river test site.

[0045] Step S3013: Based on the reservoir monitoring modules deployed in the upstream and downstream reservoirs, collect the outflow data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain the reservoir hydrological data.

[0046] The reservoir monitoring module consists of multiple sensors used to monitor the real-time inflow of the upstream reservoir and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir, the real-time outflow of the upstream reservoir and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir, and the real-time water level changes of the upstream reservoir and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir.

[0047] Step S302: Based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir, construct a target relationship model between the reservoir outflow and the flow velocity of the test site.

[0048] In this process, the hydrological data of the test site, the main river channel, and the reservoir were standardized, and the data used in the subsequent construction of the target relationship model were the standardized data.

[0049] Specifically, step S302 includes: Step S3021: Based on the hydrological data of the main river channel and the hydrological data of the reservoir, construct the first relationship between the reservoir outflow and the main river channel flow.

[0050] Based on the hydrological data of the main river channel and the reservoir hydrology, a first relationship between the reservoir outflow and the main river channel flow is constructed using statistical regression or a hydraulic model. For example, the first relationship can be expressed as:

[0051] in, The main channel flow of the main river. The outflow from the reservoir. This is the first correspondence.

[0052] In some alternative implementations, the first relationship is related to factors such as reservoir outflow, river distance, morphology, and cross-sectional shape.

[0053] Step S3022: Based on the hydrological data of the main channel and the hydrological data of the test site, construct a second relationship between the main channel flow and the diversion flow of the branch channels.

[0054] The second relation can be expressed as:

[0055] in, To divert water flow into the branching channels, The main channel flow of the main river. This is the second correspondence.

[0056] In some alternative implementations, the second relationship is affected by factors such as the geometry of the intake and the relationship between water level and flow rate.

[0057] Step S3023: Based on the hydrological data of the test site and the hydrological data of the main river channel, construct a third relationship between the diversion flow of the branching river and the flow velocity of the test site.

[0058] For example, the third relation can be expressed as:

[0059] in, For the test field flow velocity, To divert water flow into the branching channels, This is the third correspondence.

[0060] In some alternative implementations, the third relation is affected by factors such as the open channel cross-section, test site topography, and roughness.

[0061] Step S3024: The first relation, the second relation, and the third relation are fused to obtain the target relation model between the reservoir outflow and the test field velocity.

[0062] The first, second, and third relations are combined to obtain the target relation model. For example, the target relation model can be represented as follows:

[0063] in, For the test field flow velocity, The outflow from the reservoir. For the target relationship model.

[0064] Step S303: Obtain the activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon. Based on the relationship model between the activity trajectory data and the target, analyze the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon and obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0065] Specifically, step S303 includes: Step S3031: Analyze the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions based on the activity trajectory data and target relationship model.

[0066] Among these measures, underwater sonar arrays were deployed to form a monitoring network covering the main activity areas of the test site. Chinese sturgeon were acoustically marked to achieve individual identification and continuous tracking, and the three-dimensional activity trajectory of the fish was reconstructed to obtain activity trajectory data.

[0067] In some optional implementations, feature parameters such as swimming speed, direction, dwelling area, and grouping behavior are extracted from the activity trajectory data. The feature parameters are then spatiotemporally matched and correlated with the target relationship model to obtain the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions. The response relationship is used to characterize the influence of water flow conditions on fish behavior.

[0068] Step S3032: Based on the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions, analyze the cumulative time for meeting the suitable flow velocity or the number of times the suitable flow velocity event is triggered in the target branching river test field to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0069] Among them, based on the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions, the influence of different main channel flow changes on the diversion flow of the branch channels and the flow velocity of the target branch channel test field is simulated, the cumulative time to meet the suitable flow velocity or the number of suitable flow velocity events is calculated, and the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold is obtained.

[0070] Step S304: With the goal of maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold as the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints as the constraints, the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs is optimized to obtain the target scheduling scheme, and the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs is adjusted according to the target scheduling scheme.

[0071] Specifically, step S304 includes: Step S3041: The optimization objective and multiple technical constraints are input into the preset optimization algorithm to optimize the outflow of the upstream and downstream reservoirs and obtain the target scheduling scheme.

[0072] The optimization objective can also be expressed as maximizing the cumulative time or number of event triggers for the suitable flow velocity of the spawning test field during the critical spawning period within the scheduling period, with power generation loss, peak-shaving capacity changes, etc., as constraints or secondary optimization objectives.

[0073] In some alternative implementations, the optimization objective can be expressed as:

[0074] in, To maximize, To accumulate the flow velocity suitability results at all times during the critical spawning period, This is a critical period for the natural spawning experiment of Chinese sturgeon. for The flow velocity of the target branching river test site at any given time. This is the flow velocity suitability function.

[0075] In some alternative implementations, when When within a suitable range, The value is 1, otherwise, The value is 0.

[0076] In some optional implementations, multiple technical constraints include, but are not limited to: reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level limits, power plant output limits, and discharge flow limits. For example, a reservoir water balance constraint can be expressed as:

[0077] in, for Storage capacity at any time for Storage capacity at any time for Inbound traffic at any given time for The flow rate at any given moment, for Water loss at any time For a time period.

[0078] In some alternative implementations, the reservoir water level constraint can be expressed as:

[0079] in, This is the lower limit threshold of the reservoir water level. This refers to the upper limit threshold of the reservoir water level. for The reservoir water level at any given time.

[0080] In some alternative implementations, the power plant output limitation constraint can be expressed as:

[0081] in, This is the lower limit threshold for power plant output. This is the upper limit threshold for the power plant's output. for The power plant output at all times.

[0082] In some alternative implementations, the discharge flow limit constraint can be expressed as:

[0083] in, This is the lower limit threshold for the discharge flow. The upper limit threshold for the discharge flow rate. for The flow rate at any given moment.

[0084] In some optional implementations, the preset optimization algorithm can be a dynamic programming, genetic algorithm, or mixed integer programming algorithm, etc., to generate a variety of feasible joint scheduling schemes for cascade reservoirs, simulate the effects of various feasible joint scheduling schemes for cascade reservoirs, select a target scheduling scheme from the various feasible joint scheduling schemes for cascade reservoirs, and change the main channel flow by adjusting the outflow of upstream reservoirs and downstream counter-regulating reservoirs, thereby affecting the diversion flow of the branch channels and the flow velocity of the test field; the target scheduling scheme is comprehensively compared and recommended from multiple dimensions such as ecological effect, power generation impact, and scheduling complexity.

[0085] In some optional implementations, monitoring data (including hydrological, hydrodynamic, and parent fish behavior trajectories), model parameters, optimization schemes, execution records, and effect evaluation reports corresponding to the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream distributary channels are stored to form a case library, supporting long-term learning and scheme optimization. Specifically, time-series data such as reservoir outflow, main channel flow, and water temperature are stored; on-site monitoring data such as intake flow, open channel flow, experimental field flow velocity and water temperature, and video images are stored; individual trajectory data, behavioral characteristic parameters, and behavior-flow correlation analysis results obtained from sonar monitoring are stored; parameters of the multiple response relationship model and fitness curve parameters are stored; and historical execution schemes and optimized recommended schemes are stored.

[0086] In some alternative implementations, under the premise that the water temperature has reached the suitable spawning window and the gonads of the parent fish have matured, during the critical period of the predicted spawning day (such as water temperature, gonad development of parent fish, behavioral trajectory, etc.), the discharge flow of the downstream counter-regulating reservoir is increased. In the early morning hours, the flow at the key section of the downstream main channel is raised from the daytime base flow to the target flow and maintained for several hours. In this way, the flow rate of the test field is brought to a suitable range by increasing the diversion flow of the branch channels. After the critical period ends, the flow rate of the main channel is gradually reduced to the daytime base flow level.

[0087] In some optional implementations, the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branch channels of the dam also includes: after the target scheduling plan is implemented, conducting an ecological effect assessment based on real-time monitoring data and parent fish behavior trajectory data to obtain an ecological effect assessment result; conducting a power generation impact assessment based on power generation change data, peak-shaving capacity impact data, and economic benefit and loss data to obtain a power generation impact assessment result; obtaining a reservoir operation impact assessment result based on the impact of the implementation of the target scheduling plan on upstream and downstream reservoirs; and generating a comprehensive assessment report based on the ecological effect assessment result, the power generation impact assessment result, and the reservoir operation impact assessment result.

[0088] Specifically, for the target scheduling scheme, relevant monitoring equipment is deployed in the test field of the target branch river to monitor in real time the compliance rate of habitat parameters such as flow velocity and water temperature, as well as the behavioral trajectory data of parent fish. The compliance rate of habitat parameters such as flow velocity and water temperature in the test field is used to assess the suitability of the spawning habitat, and the behavioral trajectory data of parent fish is used to assess habitat preference, thus obtaining the ecological effect assessment results. Through reservoir scheduling operation simulation and comparison with the conventional reservoir scheduling operation scheme, the impact of the target scheduling scheme on the reservoir's power generation benefits is evaluated, thus obtaining the power generation impact assessment results. Through reservoir scheduling operation simulation, it is determined whether the reservoir's operating status meets the requirements of the scheduling procedure, thus obtaining the reservoir operation impact assessment results. The ecological effect assessment results, power generation impact assessment results, and reservoir operation impact assessment results are integrated to form a structured assessment report, supporting the optimization of the scheduling scheme and subsequent decision-making, and providing data support for similar projects.

[0089] This embodiment provides a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel. Through the joint scheduling of the upstream reservoir and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir, the flow process of the main channel downstream of the dam is altered. The increased flow in the main channel raises the water level and flow capacity of the branching channel intake, thereby increasing the diversion flow. The increased diversion flow is transported to the spawning experimental field through the diversion channel, ultimately increasing the water flow velocity within the experimental field to meet the spawning needs of the Chinese sturgeon. This embodiment of the invention is the first to propose a chain response control theory and method system for the flow velocity from reservoir outflow to the experimental field in a branching channel type fish spawning experimental field. Combined with the analysis of parent fish behavior trajectories, it achieves the linkage control of water flow conditions and fish behavior. By establishing multiple quantitative response models, it can accurately predict the flow velocity changes in the experimental field under different scheduling schemes and make dynamic adjustments based on fish behavior feedback, realizing a leap from empirical water release to precise flow replenishment of the reservoir. By employing multi-objective optimization techniques to weigh ecological goals against socio-economic objectives such as power generation and shipping within the same framework, a scheduling scheme with superior overall benefits was found, improving the feasibility and sustainability of ecological scheduling. Scheduling effect evaluation enables a comprehensive quantitative assessment of the ecological benefits (including spawning and fish behavioral responses) and socio-economic impacts of ecological scheduling, providing a scientific basis for decision-making. This invention's embodiments possess real-time monitoring, feedback, and adjustment capabilities, dynamically optimizing the ongoing scheduling scheme based on actual water flow responses and fish behavioral feedback, thus improving robustness against uncertainties. This invention's embodiments integrate monitoring, modeling, optimization, execution, evaluation, and storage, forming a complete technical process. It is not only applicable to the protection of Chinese sturgeon but can also be extended to other ecological restoration projects that require the creation of specific aquatic habitats using branching channels or artificial waterways.

[0090] This embodiment provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation method for improving water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, which can be used with computer equipment. Figure 4This is a flowchart of the first method for ecological regulation of cascade reservoirs to improve water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the process includes the following steps: The study included: characteristic analysis and determination of spawning demand of Chinese sturgeon in the downstream branching channels; construction of a monitoring network for hydrology, topography, and hydrodynamics, and real-time data acquisition; construction of a multi-flow response model from multiple reservoir outflows to the flow velocity in the experimental field, and determination of the relationship between parent fish behavior and reservoir outflows; design of a refined ecological scheduling strategy to promote the natural spawning of Chinese sturgeon in the branching channels; generation of multi-objective optimization and ecological scheduling replenishment schemes; execution, real-time monitoring, and dynamic adjustment of the ecological scheduling replenishment schemes; and comprehensive evaluation and data storage of the ecological scheduling effects.

[0091] Specifically, baseline surveys of the experimental site and confirmation of the hydrological and hydrodynamic requirements for the natural spawning of Chinese sturgeon were conducted. Before the experiment, based on historical research and on-site investigations, the morphology of the inlets of the branching channels, the characteristics of the diversion channels, and the topographic conditions of the spawning experimental site were analyzed. The requirements of the Chinese sturgeon for the water flow conditions of the experimental site during its spawning period (October-December) were clarified, including the suitable flow velocity range for spawning, the peak spawning period, and the suitable water temperature window. Monitoring system operation and data collection involved deploying monitoring equipment at key control sections of the main channel, inlets of the branching channels, diversion channels, and the spawning experimental site. Data such as main channel flow, diversion flow of the branching channels, flow velocity and water temperature of the experimental site, and three-dimensional activity trajectories of fish were collected in real time and continuously through hydrological monitoring modules of the reservoir and downstream channels, water temperature and hydrodynamic monitoring modules of the branching channel experimental site, and parent fish behavior trajectory analysis modules. A multi-flow response model was constructed. Based on historical and real-time data, quantitative relationship models were established between reservoir outflow and downstream main channel flow, main channel flow and diversion flow from tributaries, diversion flow from tributaries and flow velocity at key points in the spawning test area, and a comprehensive relationship model between main reservoir outflow and test area flow velocity. Combined with parent fish behavior trajectory data, the response relationship between flow conditions and fish behavior was analyzed, and the model was continuously validated and updated. For scheduling optimization and decision-making, when the water temperature enters a suitable window, the hydrological forecast for the next 7-10 days, the current reservoir status, and the power grid plan are input. The optimization model is run, and combined with the test area flow velocity prediction, a set of recommended scheduling schemes for the next few days is generated. The schemes clearly define the main channel flow process required to achieve the target flow velocity in the test area, as well as the corresponding reservoir outflow process. Considering reservoir inflow forecasts, different scheduling modes are designed, including but not limited to: a mode of continuously increasing the daily average flow of the main channel, a mode of precise pulse-type increase of the main channel flow, and a cascade coordinated storage and release regulation mode. The implementation and real-time monitoring of the scheduling plan: After consultation and decision-making, the selected scheduling plan is implemented. During the implementation period, the main channel flow, diversion flow, experimental field flow velocity, and broodstock behavior trajectory are monitored in real time. The measured flow velocity is compared with the model prediction value, and the scheduling effect is evaluated based on fish behavior feedback. If significant deviations are found, the causes are analyzed, and short-term rolling optimization is initiated if necessary to fine-tune subsequent scheduling instructions. Spawning response observation and adaptive adjustment: Combining underwater video monitoring and sonar trajectory data, close attention is paid to whether broodstock enter the experimental field and whether they exhibit spawning behavior. Confirmation of clustering and spawning behavior is an important indicator of successful scheduling and can also serve as a reference for adjusting the scheduling intensity or duration. Comprehensive evaluation of scheduling effect and knowledge management: After the scheduling period ends, a comprehensive effect evaluation is conducted to analyze the effectiveness and economic cost of the scheduling plan, assess the impact of scheduling on power generation and reservoir operation, verify and revise the response relationship model and the behavior and flow coupling model, and archive and store all data to form a knowledge base for reference in the next or similar experiments.

[0092] For example, the overview and monitoring equipment deployment of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field, with the upstream reservoir A having a total capacity of 39.3 billion cubic meters. 3 Xingli regulating reservoir capacity is 22.15 billion m³. 3 Reservoir A is a seasonally and partially annually regulating reservoir with a maximum dam height of 181m. It features a large water level difference between upstream and downstream of the dam. Reservoir A stores water at the end of the flood season and increases outflow during the dry season, effectively mitigating peak flows and replenishing low-lying areas. Reservoir B, located approximately 38km downstream, is a low-head, high-flow-rate run-of-river hydroelectric power station. Its main function is to counter-regulate the unstable downstream flow from upstream Reservoir A and utilize the river's vertical gradient for power generation. Reservoir B has a dam height of 47m and a design head of approximately 18.6m. Its reservoir capacity is relatively small, with a total capacity of 1.58 billion cubic meters. 3 It lacks a large regulating reservoir and primarily operates on a daily basis. Its operation involves accumulating a larger volume of water released from upstream reservoir A during periods of low electricity demand, and increasing power generation and water release during peak electricity demand periods. This transforms the fluctuating flow from upstream into a relatively stable outflow, ensuring the stability of the navigation depth in the downstream river section.

[0093] To explore the feasibility of restoring the natural reproduction of Chinese sturgeon within the context of reservoir group regulation, a controlled target braided channel test field was established approximately 10 kilometers downstream of Dam B of the downstream reservoir. For example, such as... Figure 5 The diagram shows the location of the target branching channel test site and the layout of monitoring equipment. The test site utilizes engineering measures, including the excavation of a diversion channel, to divert water from the main channel into the right branch test area. The goal is to proactively and precisely regulate the downstream flow during the critical spawning window of the Chinese sturgeon through refined joint ecological regulation of upstream Reservoir A and downstream Reservoir B (e.g., increasing the flow during the preferred spawning period in the early morning). This alters the water diversion flow in the branching channel, ultimately creating specific hydrodynamic conditions within the test site that meet the spawning needs of the Chinese sturgeon. The target branching channel test site is located approximately 10 km downstream of Reservoir B on the right bank of the main channel in a branching channel. A trapezoidal diversion channel, approximately 200 m long, 15 m wide at the bottom, and 4 m deep, is excavated to divert water from the main channel to an area of ​​approximately 25,000 m². 2 The test area of ​​the branching river channel has an average water depth of 2.0m-5.0m. The monitoring equipment is deployed as follows: a hydrological monitoring module for the reservoir and downstream river channel, connected to real-time outflow data from the upstream reservoir (Reservoir A) and the downstream counter-regulating reservoir (Reservoir B); a hydrological monitoring station (Station C) is set up 2km upstream of the main channel intake to monitor flow and water temperature in real time. A water temperature and hydrodynamic monitoring module for the branching river channel test area includes a radar flow meter installed at the intake to monitor the water intake flow; a flow velocity monitoring section is set up in the middle of the diversion channel; one fixed-point flow velocity meter and one water temperature chain are deployed within the test area; and six fish egg monitoring nets are set up downstream of the test area to monitor whether the test parent fish have spawned. For example, such as... Figure 6As shown, this illustrates the outflow process from Reservoir A during the ecological replenishment period. Figure 7 As shown, this illustrates the flow process of reservoir B and the main river channel C downstream of the dam during the ecological replenishment period. Figure 8 As shown, this illustrates the velocity change process of the target branching channel test field during ecological regulation and replenishment. Figure 9 The image shows the monitoring of Chinese sturgeon eggs in the target branching river experimental field. The parent fish behavior trajectory analysis module uses sonar monitoring technology to locate the swimming trajectories of the experimental parent fish in real time, acquiring detailed underwater three-dimensional activity trajectory data to quantitatively describe the individual swimming characteristics of Chinese sturgeon throughout the entire process, clarify the pre-spawning behavior patterns and spawning cluster locations of the Chinese sturgeon breeding group, identify key driving factors of the interaction behavior of the Chinese sturgeon breeding group, and establish a correlation between trajectory data and water flow conditions. The data analysis and decision-making module, deployed on a personal server, comes pre-installed with model building and optimization algorithms. The data storage module uses relational databases and time-series databases to store various types of data. The reservoir scheduling effect evaluation module, deployed on a personal server, is configured with evaluation algorithms for ecological effects, power generation impact, and reservoir operation impact, and can automatically generate comprehensive evaluation reports. All data is transmitted to the personal server via a 5G / fiber optic network.

[0094] In some alternative implementations, model building is performed using monitoring data prior to the release of parent fish, and the outflow rate (Q) from reservoir B is collected. reservoir ) and the flow data (Q) of the main river monitoring station C main Considering that the main river flow C lags behind the reservoir B outflow by approximately 30 minutes, a power function relationship is obtained through fitting:

[0095] Collect flow data (Q) from the main channel monitoring station C corresponding to the target branching river test site. main ) and intake flow data (Q diversion The power function relationship was obtained by fitting the data.

[0096] This indicates that the diversion flow increases with the main channel flow, and the rate of increase is slightly faster than linear. Data on the diversion inlet flow (Q) was collected. diversion ) and flow velocity data in the middle of the test field (V mid The relationship obtained by fitting is as follows:

[0097] By fitting the above relationships, we obtain the target relationship model:

[0098] Target relationship model prediction: When the required average flow velocity Vspawn in the test field is ≥ 0.8 m / s, the flow rate at station C in the main channel is... It needs to reach approximately 9800 m³ / s.

[0099] In some optional implementations, the scheduling scheme is designed and implemented such that when the water temperature approaches the suitable spawning temperature for Chinese sturgeon (20℃), artificially bred mature Chinese sturgeon broodstock are released to begin the reservoir ecological scheduling and replenishment experiment. The scheduling decision-making process: Based on a comprehensive model, current water conditions (normal water year), reservoir storage status, and power grid demand, the reservoir ecological scheduling decision-making module simulates three scenarios: Option 1 (Slightly increase flow rate in the early morning): During the day (08:00-24:00), control the outflow from Reservoir B to 7000m. 3 / s-7500m 3 / s, in the early morning (01:00-06:00), the outflow from Reservoir B alone increased to 7500 m³ / s. 3 / s-8000m 3 / s, lasting 1-2 weeks.

[0100] Option 2 (Continuous High Flow Throughout the Day): Maintain the average daily outflow from Reservoir B at 9500 m³ / h. 3 / s-10000m 3 The flow rate is approximately 1 / s and will last for 1-2 weeks. Due to the limited regulation capacity of Reservoir B, Reservoir A needs to cooperate.

[0101] Option 3 (Significantly Increase Flow Rate in the Early Morning): Utilizing the daily regulating capacity of Reservoir B, Reservoir A appropriately increases its power generation flow rate during peak daytime load periods. Then, during the early morning period (01:00-06:00), Reservoirs A and B release water simultaneously, causing the outflow from Reservoir B to reach 9500 m³ / h. 3 / s-10000m 3 / s, lasting 1-2 weeks.

[0102] Option 1, relying solely on Reservoir B with its limited regulation capacity to increase the downstream flow, has limited capacity and the experimental field cannot meet the flow velocity requirements for the natural spawning of Chinese sturgeon. Option 2, while feasible, would cause a rapid drop in the water level of Reservoir A due to continuously increasing the outflow. Option 3 is preferable, stabilizing the outflow from Reservoir B at 9500 m³ / h daily from 01:00 to 06:00. 3 -10000m³ / s, the flow velocity in the test field was stable at 0.85m / s-1.05m / s. After monitoring the spawning behavior of Chinese sturgeon on the 3rd day of the scheduling, ecological scheduling was carried out for another 8 days, and the scheduling ended early on the 11th day.

[0103] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 10As shown, this is a map of the swimming trajectories of the experimental broodstock monitored by a single sonar marker. Analysis of the broodstock's behavioral trajectories reveals a significant preference for high-velocity areas, with their activity tracks densely distributed at the entrance of the open channel and the upper left main channel of the experimental site. This indicates that the pre-dawn replenishment implemented through reservoir ecological regulation effectively improved the overall flow velocity conditions of the branching channel experimental site, creating a suitable hydrodynamic environment for spawning and significantly enhancing the swimming activity and agglomeration of the broodstock. The continuous cruising and interaction behavior of the broodstock in high-velocity areas is an important behavioral characteristic before spawning, further confirming that ecological replenishment creates key habitat conditions for inducing and promoting natural spawning. Figure 11 As shown in the diagram, the flow velocity preference of the experimental broodstock was monitored by multiple sonar markers. The Chinese sturgeon broodstock showed a clear preference for high flow velocity areas. A total of 634 broodstock activities were monitored in 24 hours. The proportion of broodstock activities recorded in high flow velocity areas (83.3%) was significantly higher than that in low flow velocity areas (16.7%). This indicates that higher water flow conditions are more in line with the behavioral habits of Chinese sturgeon broodstock, which may be closely related to their search for suitable spawning grounds and increased physiological stimulation needs. It also confirms the effectiveness of ecological flow replenishment.

[0104] In some optional implementations, the scheduling effect is comprehensively evaluated and data is stored. After the scheduling is completed, the scheduling effect evaluation module conducts a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation of this ecological scheduling. Ecological effect evaluation: During the scheduling period, Chinese sturgeon eggs were collected in the experimental field through the egg and fry collection net, confirming that increasing the main channel flow through reservoir scheduling can effectively increase the flow velocity in the branch channel experimental field and successfully induce natural spawning. The flow velocity in the experimental field reached a 92% compliance rate during the critical period. Power generation impact analysis: The total power generation loss caused by this ecological scheduling is about 1.5%, mainly concentrated in the early morning pulse flow increase period. Daytime power generation was basically unaffected, and the overall impact is within an acceptable range. Reservoir operation impact assessment: Reservoir A operated basically according to the scheduling plan, with a water level drop of about 0.8m and a reservoir capacity reduction of 776 million m³. The coordinated scheduling did not add additional risks. The water level fluctuation of Reservoir B was within the allowable range and did not affect the safe operation of the reservoir. Comprehensive evaluation conclusion: This ecological scheduling successfully achieved the ecological goals, had a small impact on power generation, and the reservoir operation was safe and controllable, proving the feasibility and effectiveness of the system and method of this invention. All data, models, plans, and evaluation reports have been stored in the storage module, providing a foundation for subsequent research and routine scheduling.

[0105] This invention enables real-time monitoring of the hydrological situation of the main channel, the diversion situation of the branch channels, and the flow conditions and fish behavior in the experimental field. It establishes a multi-response relationship model between the reservoir outflow and the flow velocity in the branch channel experimental field, and combines it with the analysis of parent fish behavior trajectories to achieve accurate prediction and dynamic evaluation of the scheduling effect. It develops a multi-objective optimization decision-making model that can generate a refined reservoir scheduling scheme with the goal of increasing the flow velocity in the branch channel experimental field under complex constraints (power generation, peak shaving, water storage, etc.). It provides a comprehensive evaluation function of scheduling effect and can comprehensively and quantitatively evaluate the ecological benefits (including fish behavior response) and economic and social impacts generated by ecological scheduling. It realizes closed-loop management of the scheduling process, including monitoring, simulation, decision-making, scheduling, feedback, and evaluation, thereby improving the adaptability and reliability of scheduling.

[0106] This embodiment also provides a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving the water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site. This device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0107] This embodiment provides a first structural block diagram of a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, as shown below. Figure 12 As shown, it includes: The reservoir and downstream river hydrological monitoring module is used to monitor the inflow and outflow of the reservoir, water level, and the flow, water level, and water temperature of the main river.

[0108] The water temperature and hydrodynamic monitoring module for the branching river test site is used to monitor the water diversion flow and the water temperature and hydrodynamic data of the test site.

[0109] The parent fish behavior trajectory analysis module is used to monitor the three-dimensional activity trajectory and pre-spawning behavior patterns of experimental parent fish. The data analysis and processing module is used to construct a response relationship model of "reservoir outflow - main channel flow - diversion flow of branch channels - test field velocity".

[0110] The reservoir ecological scheduling decision module is used to generate scheduling schemes by combining the comprehensive scheduling constraints of cascade reservoirs with the goal of increasing the flow velocity in the experimental field during the critical spawning period.

[0111] The data storage module is used to store various types of topographic, hydrological, water temperature, and hydrodynamic monitoring data, models, and scheduling schemes.

[0112] The ecological scheduling effect evaluation module is used to evaluate the effect of ecological scheduling, including the flow velocity of the spawning test field, the impact of scheduling on power generation, and the impact of reservoir capacity on water level.

[0113] This embodiment provides a second structural block diagram of a cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the downstream branching channel of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, as shown below. Figure 13 As shown, it includes: The data acquisition unit 1301 is used to acquire hydrological data of the target branching channel test site, hydrological data of the main channel, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs. The target branching channel test site is a preset area set up in the branching channel for fish spawning. The main channel is a channel that diverts water to the target branching channel test site through a diversion channel. The upstream and downstream reservoirs are located in the reservoirs upstream and downstream of the main channel.

[0114] The relational model construction unit 1302 is used to construct a target relational model between the reservoir outflow and the test field flow velocity based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir.

[0115] The satisfaction rate analysis unit 1303 is used to acquire the activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon, and analyze the suitable flow velocity for spawning of Chinese sturgeon based on the relationship model between the activity trajectory data and the target, so as to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0116] The reservoir ecological scheduling unit 1304 is used to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs with the goal of maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold and with multiple technical constraints as constraints, so as to obtain the target scheduling scheme and adjust the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs according to the target scheduling scheme.

[0117] In some optional implementations, the data acquisition unit 1301 includes: The test site data acquisition subunit is used to collect flow data at the water intake of the branching river, hydrological data at key sections of the diversion channel, flow velocity data and hydrological data of the target branching river test site based on the hydrodynamic monitoring module deployed at the target branching river test site, and obtain the test site hydrological data.

[0118] The main channel monitoring subunit is used to collect flow data, water level data, and water temperature data of key hydrological sections of the main channel based on the hydrological monitoring modules deployed in the main channel, and obtain the main channel hydrological data.

[0119] The reservoir monitoring subunit is used to collect outflow data from upstream and downstream reservoirs based on the reservoir monitoring modules deployed in upstream and downstream reservoirs, and to obtain reservoir hydrological data.

[0120] In some alternative implementations, the relational model building unit 1302 includes: The first relational formula determines the sub-unit, which is used to construct the first relational formula between the reservoir outflow and the main channel flow based on the main channel hydrological data and the reservoir hydrological data.

[0121] The second relational formula determines the sub-unit, which is used to construct a second relational formula between the main channel flow and the diversion flow of the branch channels based on the hydrological data of the main channel and the hydrological data of the test site.

[0122] The third relational formula determines the sub-unit, which is used to construct the third relational formula between the diversion flow of the branch channels and the flow velocity of the test site based on the hydrological data of the test site and the hydrological data of the main channel.

[0123] The relational model construction sub-unit is used to integrate the first, second, and third relational expressions to obtain the target relational model between the reservoir outflow and the test field flow velocity.

[0124] In some alternative implementations, the satisfaction rate analysis unit 1303 includes: The response relationship analysis subunit is used to analyze the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions based on activity trajectory data and target relationship models.

[0125] The satisfaction rate determination subunit is used to analyze the cumulative satisfaction time or the number of suitable flow velocity events triggered in the target branching river test field based on the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions, and to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

[0126] In some alternative implementations, the reservoir ecological regulation unit 1304 includes: The parameter optimization subunit is used to input the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints into a preset optimization algorithm to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs and obtain the target scheduling scheme.

[0127] In some alternative implementations, the cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the downstream branch channels of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site also includes: The ecological assessment unit is used to evaluate the ecological effects based on real-time monitoring data and parent fish behavior trajectory data after the target scheduling plan is executed, and to obtain the ecological effect assessment results.

[0128] The power generation assessment unit is used to assess the impact of power generation on data such as changes in power generation, impact data on peak-shaving capacity, and economic benefits and losses, and to obtain the power generation impact assessment results.

[0129] The reservoir operation assessment unit is used to obtain the reservoir operation impact assessment results based on the impact of the execution of the target scheduling plan on upstream and downstream reservoirs.

[0130] The assessment report generation unit is used to generate a comprehensive assessment report based on the results of the ecological effect assessment, the power generation impact assessment, and the reservoir operation impact assessment.

[0131] The cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel provided by the embodiments of the present invention can execute the cascade reservoir ecological regulation method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel provided by any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method. Further functional descriptions of the above modules and units are the same as those in the corresponding embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0133] The following is a detailed reference. Figure 14 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing an electronic device according to embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device may include a processor (e.g., a central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 1401, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 1402 or a program loaded from memory 1408 into random access memory (RAM) 1403. The RAM 1403 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device. The processor 1401, ROM 1402, and RAM 1403 are interconnected via a bus 1404. An input / output (I / O) interface 1405 is also connected to the bus 1404.

[0134] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 1405: input devices 1406 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, cameras, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1407 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; memory devices 1408 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1409. Communication device 1409 allows electronic devices to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although Figure 14 Electronic devices with various devices are shown, but it should be understood that it is not required to implement or have all of the devices shown, and more or fewer devices may be implemented or have instead.

[0135] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a non-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device 1409, or installed from a memory 1408, or installed from a ROM 1402. When the computer program is executed by the processor 1401, it performs the functions defined in the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel of the present invention.

[0136] Figure 14 The electronic device shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0137] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The methods described above according to embodiments of the invention can be implemented in hardware or firmware, or implemented as computer code that can be recorded on a storage medium, or implemented as computer code downloaded via a network and originally stored on a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium and then stored on a local storage medium. Thus, the methods described herein can be processed by software stored on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory, random access memory, flash memory, hard disk, or solid-state drive, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include combinations of the above types of memory. It is understood that computers, processors, microprocessor controllers, or programmable hardware include storage components capable of storing or receiving software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, processor, or hardware, the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site in the downstream branching river channel shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0138] A portion of this invention can be applied as a computer program product, such as computer program instructions, which, when executed by a computer, can invoke or provide the methods and / or technical solutions according to the invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art will understand that the forms in which computer program instructions exist in a computer-readable medium include, but are not limited to, source files, executable files, installation package files, etc. Correspondingly, the ways in which computer program instructions are executed by a computer include, but are not limited to: the computer directly executing the instructions, or the computer compiling the instructions and then executing the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reading and executing the instructions, or the computer reading and installing the instructions and then executing the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium can be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to a computer.

[0139] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A cascade reservoir ecological regulation method for improving water flow in the downstream branching channels of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental site, characterized in that, The method includes: The test site hydrological data of the target branching channel test site, the main channel hydrological data of the main channel, and the reservoir hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs are obtained; the target branching channel test site is a preset area set up in the branching channel for fish spawning, the main channel is a channel that diverts water to the target branching channel test site through an open channel, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs are set up in the upstream and downstream reservoirs of the main channel; Based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir, a target relationship model between the reservoir outflow and the flow velocity at the test site is constructed. Acquire activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon, and analyze the suitable spawning flow velocity of Chinese sturgeon based on the relationship model between the activity trajectory data and the target to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold; With the goal of maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold as the optimization objective and multiple technical constraints as the constraints, the outflow from the upstream and downstream reservoirs is optimized to obtain a target scheduling scheme, and the outflow from the upstream and downstream reservoirs is adjusted according to the target scheduling scheme.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of hydrological data from the target branching river test site, the main channel of the main river, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs includes: The hydrodynamic monitoring module deployed at the target tributary test site collects flow data at the tributary inlet, hydrological data at key sections of the diversion channel, flow velocity data and hydrological data at the target tributary test site, and obtains the test site hydrological data. Based on the hydrological monitoring module deployed in the main river channel, flow data, water level data, and water temperature data of key hydrological sections of the main river channel are collected to obtain the hydrological data of the main river channel; Based on the reservoir monitoring modules deployed in the upstream and downstream reservoirs, the outflow data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs are collected to obtain the reservoir hydrological data.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The target relationship model between reservoir outflow and test field flow velocity is constructed based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir. Based on the hydrological data of the main river channel and the hydrological data of the reservoir, a first relationship is constructed between the reservoir outflow and the main river channel flow. Based on the hydrological data of the main channel and the hydrological data of the test site, a second relationship is constructed between the main channel flow and the diversion flow of the branch channels. Based on the hydrological data of the test site and the hydrological data of the main river channel, a third relationship is constructed between the diversion flow of the branching river channel and the flow velocity of the test site; By fusing the first, second, and third relational expressions, a target relational model between the reservoir outflow and the test field flow velocity is obtained.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of analyzing the suitable spawning current velocity of the Chinese sturgeon based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable current velocity threshold includes: Based on the activity trajectory data and the target relationship model, analyze the response relationship between fish activity and water flow conditions; Based on the response relationship between the fish activity and the water flow conditions, the cumulative time for meeting the suitable flow velocity or the number of suitable flow velocity events triggered in the target branching river test field are analyzed to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optimization objective is to maximize the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold, and multiple technical constraints are used as conditions to optimize the outflow from upstream and downstream reservoirs to obtain the target scheduling scheme, which includes: The optimization objective and the multiple technical constraints are input into a preset optimization algorithm to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs, thereby obtaining the target scheduling scheme.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: After the target scheduling scheme is executed, an ecological effect assessment is performed based on real-time monitoring data and parent fish behavior trajectory data to obtain the ecological effect assessment results. Based on the data on changes in power generation, the data on the impact of peak-shaving capacity, and the data on economic benefits and losses, an assessment of the impact on power generation is conducted to obtain the assessment results. Based on the impact of the execution of the target scheduling scheme on the upstream and downstream reservoirs, the reservoir operation impact assessment results are obtained; A comprehensive assessment report is generated based on the ecological effect assessment results, the power generation impact assessment results, and the reservoir operation impact assessment results.

7. A cascade reservoir ecological regulation device for improving water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels of a dam, characterized in that, The device includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire hydrological data of the target branching channel test site, hydrological data of the main channel, and hydrological data of the upstream and downstream reservoirs; the target branching channel test site is a preset area set up in the branching channel for fish spawning, the main channel is a channel that diverts water to the target branching channel test site through an open channel, and the upstream and downstream reservoirs are located upstream and downstream of the main channel; The relational model construction unit is used to construct a target relational model between the reservoir outflow and the test field flow velocity based on the hydrological data of the test site, the hydrological data of the main river channel, and the hydrological data of the reservoir. The satisfaction rate analysis unit is used to acquire the activity trajectory data of Chinese sturgeon, and analyze the suitable spawning flow velocity of Chinese sturgeon based on the relationship model between the activity trajectory data and the target to obtain the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold. The reservoir ecological scheduling unit is used to optimize the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs with the goal of maximizing the satisfaction rate of the target suitable flow velocity threshold and with multiple technical constraints as constraints, to obtain a target scheduling scheme, and to adjust the outflow of upstream and downstream reservoirs according to the target scheduling scheme.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a memory and a processor, which are interconnected. The memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes these computer instructions to perform the cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel of the dam, as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute any one of claims 1 to 6 of the method for ecological regulation of cascade reservoirs to improve the water flow of the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channel.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The method includes computer instructions for instructing a computer to execute any one of claims 1 to 6, which describes a cascade reservoir ecological scheduling method for improving water flow in the Chinese sturgeon natural spawning experimental field in the downstream branching channels of a dam.

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