Building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraint

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on building comfort degree evaluation method under carbon emission constraint, steps are to build building comfort degree comprehensive evaluation model under carbon emission constraint condition, respectively from thermal-humidity environment comfort degree, sound environment comfort degree, light environment comfort degree and air quality comfort degree four dimensions to building operation state quantitative evaluation, form building comprehensive comfort degree evaluation system, and the integrated comfort score is obtained, based on the difference between building actual operation carbon emission data and design target carbon emission data, calculate building carbon emission relative deviation degree, obtain carbon emission deviation rate, combined with operating condition and carbon emission contribution characteristics, deviation rate is corrected and analyzed, and effective carbon contribution coefficient is obtained;Coupling analysis and centralized evaluation are carried out to the integrated comfort score and effective carbon contribution coefficient, and the integrated energy efficiency comfort index of building under carbon emission constraint condition is constructed, and the building operation state is comprehensively evaluated accordingly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building carbon emission and comfort evaluation technology, specifically relating to a building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints. Background Technology

[0002] In the existing technological system, building carbon emission assessment and comfort evaluation are often conducted independently and in isolation. On the one hand, traditional low-carbon design often focuses on minimizing energy consumption or carbon emissions as a single objective, using static indicators and empirical formulas for simplified calculations. This commonly leads to neglecting indoor comfort needs and excessively sacrificing living quality, making it difficult to implement low-carbon solutions in actual operation and resulting in low user satisfaction. On the other hand, comfort assessments often focus on single dimensions such as thermal comfort (e.g., PMV / PPD), lighting, and noise, lacking a multi-indicator collaborative evaluation mechanism under carbon emission constraints. This makes it difficult to quantify the trade-off between carbon emissions and comfort performance, and fails to form an integrated optimization solution that balances low carbon emissions and comfort.

[0003] In summary, the existing technological system lacks a method for the coordinated assessment of building carbon emissions and comfort. Therefore, a scientific, systematic, and effective method for coordinated assessment is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints, so as to achieve synergistic optimization of building energy conservation and carbon reduction and indoor comfort improvement under carbon emission constraints.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: On the one hand, this invention provides a method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain environmental parameters of indoor thermal and humidity environment, acoustic environment, light environment and air quality of the building, and quantify each environmental parameter according to the corresponding building environment evaluation standard, construct a comprehensive indoor comfort evaluation model of the building and calculate the comprehensive indoor comfort score of the building. Step S2: Based on the carbon emission data during the actual operation of the building and the baseline carbon emission data during the building design phase, calculate the building carbon emission deviation rate, which characterizes the degree of deviation between the actual operating carbon emission of the building and the design baseline carbon emission. Step S3: Use the building's overall indoor comfort score as a constraint on the effectiveness of the building's low-carbon operation. Based on the building's carbon emission deviation rate and the building's overall indoor comfort score, the building's carbon emission deviation rate is corrected according to the effective low-carbon operation state that meets the comfort constraint, the ineffective low-carbon operation state that does not meet the comfort constraint, and the high-carbon operation state, and the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient is calculated. Step S4: Construct a collaborative evaluation model for building comfort and carbon emissions based on the building's overall indoor comfort score and the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient, calculate the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index, and evaluate the building's operational status for building comfort based on the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index.

[0006] Furthermore, the overall comfort score of the building's interior. The calculation formula is expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates the overall comfort level of a building's interior; The score represents the individual score for thermal and humid environment comfort (0-1 point). The score for acoustic environment comfort is 0-1 point. The score for the light environment comfort item is 0-1. The score represents the individual score for air quality comfort (0-1 point). Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of a hot and humid environment; Weighting coefficients representing acoustic comfort; Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of the lighting environment; Weighting coefficients representing air quality comfort.

[0007] Furthermore, the building carbon emission deviation rate is expressed by the formula: ; In the formula, The carbon emission deviation rate is expressed as %; This indicates the actual carbon emissions from building operation, expressed in kgCO2. This represents the target carbon emission value during the building design phase, expressed in kgCO2.

[0008] Furthermore, the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ is used to introduce comfort constraints in carbon emission assessment to identify and correct the effectiveness of low-carbon operation. The formula is expressed as: ; In the formula, Indicates the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; Indicates the carbon emission deviation rate; This indicates the overall comfort level.

[0009] Furthermore, the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index It can be expressed by the formula: ; In the formula, S represents the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index; Indicates the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; This represents the weighting coefficient, with a value range of [0,1]. It indicates the overall comfort level of a building's interior.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, basic data is obtained by conducting on-site tests on the building's indoor environment, thereby evaluating four core sub-items: thermal and humidity comfort, acoustic comfort, light comfort, and air quality comfort. For the evaluation of thermal and humid comfort, a single score for thermal and humid environmental comfort is proposed. The main evaluation parameters are indoor air temperature (T) and relative humidity (H), and a temperature compliance rate is proposed. relative humidity compliance rate Among them, the temperature compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured temperature In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, ; Meanwhile, relative humidity compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured relative humidity In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, ; The individual score for thermal and humid environment comfort The calculation formula is: .

[0011] Furthermore, for the evaluation of acoustic environment comfort, the main evaluation parameter is background noise, and a single-item score for acoustic environment comfort is proposed. The calculation formula is: When measured noise hour, =1; When measured noise hour, .

[0012] Furthermore, for the evaluation of lighting environment comfort, a single score for lighting environment comfort is proposed. Propose lighting compliance rate Glare correction factor Illuminance compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured illuminance exist At that time, =1; When the measured illuminance hour, ; When the measured illuminance hour, ; Among them, glare correction coefficient The calculation is as follows: 1.0 for no visible glare, 0.9 for slight glare, and 0 for severe glare; According to the lighting compliance rate Glare correction factor Calculate the individual score for lighting environment comfort. The calculation formula is: .

[0013] Furthermore, for the evaluation of air quality comfort, a single score for air quality comfort is proposed. Propose CO2 compliance rate With PM 2.5 pass rate Among them, the CO2 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured CO2 is ≤1000ppm =1; When the measured CO2 > 1000 ppm ; Among them, the PM2.5 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When measured PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 hour, =1; When measured PM 2.5 >50μg / m 3 hour, ; According to CO2 compliance rate With PM 2.5 pass rate Calculate the individual score for air quality comfort. The calculation formula is: .

[0014] Furthermore, the building's operational status is assessed for building comfort based on the building's comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S, and the building's comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S is compared with preset evaluation thresholds: When S ≥ 0.8, the building operation status is determined to be excellent; When 0.7 ≤ S < 0.8, the building operation status is determined to be good; When 0.6 ≤ S < 0.7, the building operation status is determined to be qualified; When S < 0.6, the building operation status is determined to be unqualified; And output the comfort evaluation result under the building carbon emission constraint according to the corresponding evaluation level.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: The building comfort evaluation method based on carbon emission constraint provided by the present invention comprehensively quantifies and evaluates key environmental factors such as the thermal and humid environment, acoustic environment, light environment, and air quality, calculates the carbon emission deviation rate by combining the actual building operation carbon emission data and the design benchmark carbon emission data, introduces the indoor comprehensive comfort as a constraint condition for the effectiveness of low-carbon operation, corrects the carbon emission deviation to form an effective carbon emission contribution coefficient, constructs a building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index, and realizes the collaborative evaluation of the building carbon emission level and the indoor environment comfort, overcoming the problems in the prior art that the carbon emission evaluation and the comfort evaluation are independent of each other and it is difficult to uniformly reflect the comprehensive operation performance of the building.

[0016] In addition, the present invention can effectively distinguish the effective low-carbon operation status achieved by using energy-saving technologies from the ineffective low-carbon operation status achieved at the cost of sacrificing indoor comfort, avoid the evaluation deviation caused by simply using energy consumption reduction as the basis for low-carbon evaluation, make the building comprehensive evaluation result more objective and accurate, provide a unified and quantitative evaluation basis for building operation management, energy-saving optimization, evaluation of the effect of low-carbon renovation, and evaluation of green building performance, and is conducive to realizing the collaborative optimization of building energy-saving carbon reduction and indoor environment comfort. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a building comfort evaluation method based on carbon emission constraint provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention provides a method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints, including the following steps: Step S1: Obtain environmental parameters of indoor thermal and humidity environment, acoustic environment, light environment and air quality of the building, and quantify each environmental parameter according to the corresponding building environment evaluation standard, construct a comprehensive indoor comfort evaluation model of the building and calculate the comprehensive indoor comfort score of the building. Step S2: Based on the carbon emission data during the actual operation of the building and the baseline carbon emission data during the building design phase, calculate the building carbon emission deviation rate, which characterizes the degree of deviation between the actual operating carbon emission of the building and the design baseline carbon emission. Step S3: Use the building's overall indoor comfort score as a constraint on the effectiveness of the building's low-carbon operation. Based on the building's carbon emission deviation rate and the building's overall indoor comfort score, the building's carbon emission deviation rate is corrected according to the effective low-carbon operation state that meets the comfort constraint, the ineffective low-carbon operation state that does not meet the comfort constraint, and the high-carbon operation state, and the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient is calculated. Step S4: Construct a collaborative evaluation model for building comfort and carbon emissions based on the building's overall indoor comfort score and the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient, calculate the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index, and evaluate the building's operational status for building comfort based on the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index.

[0022] The comprehensive indoor comfort score is a quantitative calculation of the indoor environmental comfort level based on the core control indicators of the indoor living environment of civil buildings. The value is fixed in the range of [0,1]. The closer the score is to 1, the better the indoor comfort. It is the core comfort dimension indicator for the carbon emission-comfort coupling balance assessment.

[0023] The score is calculated based on four core components: thermal and humidity comfort, acoustic comfort, light comfort, and air quality comfort. The weight of each component varies depending on the building type, and the sum of the scores for the four components is 1.

[0024] In this application, all evaluation benchmark values ​​strictly correspond to the current national environmental control and performance evaluation standards for civil buildings. The benchmark limits for different building types are selected differently based on their functional attributes and applicable standards, and are consistent with the limit requirements specified in the corresponding standards, thereby ensuring the standardization and comparability of the evaluation system. Basic data are obtained through on-site testing of the building's indoor environment, and the testing process is consistent with the testing methods specified in current standards and specifications to ensure the accuracy, objectivity, and representativeness of the data sources.

[0025] Thermal and humidity comfort is mainly used to evaluate the impact of indoor thermal and humidity environments on human thermal comfort. It is directly related to people's thermal sensation, health status, work efficiency, and overall environmental adaptability in indoor environments. Suitable thermal and humidity conditions help maintain the body's thermal balance and improve people's comfort and work concentration; while excessively high or low temperature and humidity environments may cause fatigue, discomfort, decreased concentration, and even affect health and work efficiency.

[0026] The main evaluation parameters for thermal and humidity comfort are indoor air temperature (T) and relative humidity (H). Taking civil buildings as an example, the relevant evaluation benchmarks mainly refer to the requirements of current national standards such as the "Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Civil Buildings" GB50736-2012, and are adapted to different building function types by combining indoor environmental control indicators. By comparing and quantifying indoor temperature and humidity parameters with standard limit ranges, an objective evaluation of building thermal and humidity comfort can be achieved, providing a basic support for the construction of a comprehensive comfort model.

[0027] Standard specifications typically define a range for indoor temperature and a range or limit for indoor relative humidity, which varies depending on the season, building type, and air conditioning system. This method evaluates indoor temperature and relative humidity separately, calculating the compliance rates for both to comprehensively assess indoor thermal and humidity comfort.

[0028] In current building environmental control standards, indoor temperature is typically controlled within a suitable range, while indoor relative humidity may vary depending on the specific standards, exhibiting either a range or upper and lower limits. These control indicators dynamically adjust with seasonal changes, building function types, and air conditioning system configurations, thus their target values ​​exhibit conditional dependence and applicability. Based on these characteristics, this method decouples the evaluation of indoor thermal and humidity environments, independently evaluating and quantifying indoor temperature and relative humidity. Specifically, it calculates the compliance rates for indoor temperature and relative humidity to reflect the degree of conformity of each individual environmental parameter within the standard requirements. Furthermore, by comprehensively integrating and analyzing the compliance rates for temperature and humidity, a holistic evaluation of indoor thermal and humidity comfort is achieved, thereby improving the precision and adaptability of the evaluation results and enhancing the comparability and accuracy across different building types and operating conditions.

[0029] The following section uses the indoor air conditioning design parameters for long-term occupancy areas in the "Code for Design of Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Civil Buildings" GB 50736-2012 as an example to describe the calculation process in detail.

[0030] Table 1. Indoor air conditioning design parameters for areas where people stay for extended periods.

[0031]

[0032] Table 1 above shows the control range of indoor temperature in the air-conditioned area, where the lower limit of temperature is denoted as . The upper limit of temperature is denoted as The actual indoor temperature value obtained through on-site testing is denoted as T. The temperature compliance rate is defined as follows: It is used to characterize the degree to which the actual indoor temperature meets the requirements of the standard control range, thereby quantitatively evaluating the compliance and comfort of the indoor temperature environment.

[0033] Table 1 shows the control range of indoor relative humidity in air-conditioned areas. The theoretical range of indoor relative humidity in buildings is 0% to 100%, which is used to uniformly describe the boundary conditions for humidity evaluation. According to different operating conditions and comfort levels, Table 1 specifies the relative humidity control index in different forms, such as range, upper limit on one side, or lower limit on one side.

[0034] When control indicators are given as a range, their lower limit is denoted as: The upper limit is denoted as When only an upper limit control requirement is specified, the upper limit value is denoted as... The corresponding lower limit value at this time The value is uniformly set to 0%; when only a lower limit control requirement is specified, this lower limit value is recorded as... The corresponding upper limit value Take 100% uniformly.

[0035] It should be noted that in actual building operation environments, indoor relative humidity is usually difficult to maintain stably at 0% or 100% for a long period of time. The above extreme values ​​are only used as theoretical boundary conditions in the evaluation model to unify the calculation methods and evaluation benchmarks under different standard working conditions.

[0036] The actual indoor relative humidity was also obtained through on-site testing, and the measured value was recorded as H, used for comparison and analysis with the standard control range. The relative humidity compliance rate was defined. It is used to characterize the degree to which indoor relative humidity meets the requirements of standard control range, thereby quantitatively evaluating the compliance and comfort of indoor humid environment.

[0037] Among them, the temperature compliance rate Calculation: When the measured temperature In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, .

[0038] Using the above calculation method, the temperature compliance rate The value range of is (0, 1). Specifically, when ... When the value approaches 1, it indicates that the actual indoor temperature is closer to or more stable within the control range specified by the standard, and the degree to which the temperature environment meets the standard requirements. Conversely, when the value decreases, it indicates that the indoor temperature deviates more from the standard control range, and the temperature environment meets the standard accordingly.

[0039] Among them, the relative humidity compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured relative humidity In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, .

[0040] Using the above calculation method, the relative humidity compliance rate The value range of is (0, 1). Specifically, when ... When the value approaches 1, it indicates that the actual indoor relative humidity is closer to or more stable within the control range specified by the standard, and the degree to which the humidity environment meets the standard requirements. Conversely, when the value decreases, it indicates that the indoor relative humidity deviates more from the standard control range, and the humidity environment meets the standard accordingly.

[0041] The above calculations yielded the temperature compliance rate. and relative humidity compliance rate The results of these two parameters are used to calculate the individual score for indoor thermal and humidity comfort. The calculation formula is: ;in: This indicates the score for the indoor thermal and humidity comfort level. Indicates the temperature compliance rate; This indicates the relative humidity compliance rate.

[0042] Based on the international standard ISO 7730 thermal comfort PMV-PPD model and related research results, the degree to which indoor thermal comfort is affected by temperature and relative humidity differs. Temperature has a weight of approximately 70% in influencing human thermal comfort perception, while relative humidity has a weight of approximately 30%. Therefore, in this evaluation model, corresponding weight coefficients are assigned to the temperature compliance rate and the relative humidity compliance rate, respectively, with a weight coefficient of 0.7 for the temperature compliance rate and 0.3 for the relative humidity compliance rate.

[0043] It should be noted that this weighting is a reference value based on a typical thermal comfort model, used to reflect the differences in the degree of influence of different environmental parameters on human thermal perception. In practical applications, the temperature and humidity weighting coefficients can be appropriately adjusted according to different building types, functions, and operational needs to improve the model's adaptability and accuracy to specific application scenarios.

[0044] Acoustic comfort is primarily used to evaluate the impact of the indoor acoustic environment of a building on human auditory perception and psychological comfort. It directly relates to people's noise perception, concentration, communication efficiency, and overall work and life quality within the indoor environment. A suitable acoustic environment helps reduce background noise interference, improves the clarity of information exchange and work concentration, and enhances people's psychological comfort and environmental acceptance. Conversely, excessively high or persistent noise levels can cause auditory fatigue, distraction, irritability, and even adversely affect health and work efficiency. Therefore, by evaluating and controlling indoor acoustic environment parameters, the acoustic comfort and functional suitability of building spaces can be effectively guaranteed.

[0045] In current relevant standards and specifications, the control requirements for the indoor acoustic environment of civil buildings are usually specified in the form of upper limits for background noise. That is, for different building functions and usage spaces, corresponding maximum allowable limits are set for the indoor background noise level during different usage periods.

[0046] Generally, the evaluation index uses the A-weighted equivalent continuous sound level (or equivalent background noise value) as the control basis. When the measured indoor background noise exceeds the corresponding standard limit, the acoustic environment is deemed to fail to meet the requirements; conversely, it is considered to meet the corresponding acoustic environment control standards. Different building types (such as office, medical, educational, and residential buildings) have different permissible background noise limits due to differences in their functions and human activity characteristics, thus reflecting differentiated acoustic environment control requirements. Through such limit constraints, a unified evaluation and graded control of the indoor acoustic environment quality of buildings can be achieved, providing a basis for acoustic environment comfort analysis.

[0047] Taking the "Code for Sound Insulation Design of Civil Buildings" GB 50118-2010 as an example, it proposes corresponding benchmark limit requirements for indoor background noise levels for different types of civil buildings and their functional spaces under different usage periods, forming a differentiated control standard system based on building type, functional area, and time period. Specific provisions are shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 2. Indoor background noise baseline limits for different building functional areas.

[0049]

[0050] Table 2 above provides the baseline limits for indoor background noise in different building functional areas, denoted as . The measured indoor background noise value, denoted as N, obtained through on-site testing, is compared with the standard limit to determine the compliance of the indoor acoustic environment and its degree of deviation. This is used to calculate the individual score for acoustic environment comfort. The calculation formula is expressed as: When measured noise hour, =1; When measured noise hour, .

[0051] Using the above calculation method, the range of the single-item score for acoustic environment comfort is (0, 1). Specifically, when... When the value approaches 1, it indicates that the indoor background noise is closer to or more stably meets the standard limit requirements of the corresponding functional area, the sound environment quality is better, and the comfort is higher; conversely, when the value decreases, it indicates that the indoor background noise deviates more from the standard control requirements, and the sound environment comfort is correspondingly reduced.

[0052] Lighting comfort is primarily used to evaluate the impact of indoor lighting on human visual perception and physiological and psychological state. It directly relates to visual clarity, visual comfort, visual fatigue, and overall work and study efficiency. A suitable lighting environment helps provide uniform, stable, and functionally appropriate illumination, reduces glare and shadow interference, and improves visual recognition and spatial perception, thereby enhancing work efficiency and environmental comfort. Conversely, excessively strong or weak illuminance levels, uneven lighting distribution, or poor glare control can lead to visual fatigue, decreased attention, eye discomfort, and even long-term health and work efficiency. Therefore, by rationally controlling and evaluating indoor illuminance levels and related lighting environment parameters, the visual comfort and functional suitability of building spaces can be effectively guaranteed.

[0053] Current relevant standards and specifications typically use the maintained average illuminance on the work surface or reference plane as the main control indicator for lighting design requirements of different building types. This means that corresponding illuminance standard values ​​are specified for various types of rooms or usage areas, and the maintained average illuminance must not be lower than this standard limit. At the same time, relevant specifications also impose constraints on glare control, emphasizing that while meeting basic illuminance levels, significant or uncomfortable glare should be avoided to ensure clarity and comfort during visual tasks.

[0054] Taking the "Standard for Lighting Design of Buildings" GB 50034-2013 as an example, this standard proposes differentiated regulations for benchmark lighting indicators such as the maintained average illuminance of indoor lighting, taking into account different types of civil buildings and their various functional spaces, as well as their usage, visual work requirements, and characteristics of human activities. Some benchmark values ​​are shown in Table 3.

[0055] Table 3 Indoor reference illuminance values ​​for different building functional areas.

[0056]

[0057] Table 3 above gives the reference illuminance values ​​for different functional areas of the building, denoted as It should be noted that illuminance levels are not necessarily "the higher the better." Excessive illuminance not only wastes energy but may also cause visual discomfort or glare risks; while insufficient illuminance will affect the clarity and efficiency of visual tasks. Therefore, in the assessment of the lighting environment, it is necessary to set reasonable control ranges for illuminance indicators, rather than constraining them with a single threshold.

[0058] The allowable deviation between the calculated design illuminance value and the standard illuminance value specified in the reference standard should be +20%. In this method, for evaluating lighting environment comfort, the upper limit of illuminance control is set at 1.2 times the reference illuminance, i.e., 1.2 * The lower limit of illuminance control is set at 0.9 times the reference illuminance, thus establishing a reasonable suitable illuminance range. The actual indoor illuminance value is obtained through on-site measurement and denoted as E. Based on this, the measured illuminance E is compared with the control range... The degree of compliance is analyzed, and the illuminance compliance rate is calculated to characterize the overall compliance level of the building light environment under the conditions of meeting visual comfort and energy-saving constraints. The calculation process is as follows.

[0059] 1. Illuminance compliance rate Calculation: When the measured illuminance exist At that time, =1; When the measured illuminance hour, ; When the measured illuminance hour, ; Among them, glare correction coefficient The calculation is as follows: 1.0 for no visible glare, 0.9 for slight glare, and 0 for severe glare; According to the lighting compliance rate Glare correction factor Calculate the individual score for lighting environment comfort. The calculation formula is: .

[0060] Using the above calculation method, the individual score for light environment comfort is calculated. The value range of is (0, 1). Specifically, when ... When the value approaches 1, it indicates that the actual indoor illuminance is closer to or more stable within the suitable illuminance range specified by the standard, the better the light environment quality and the higher the visual comfort. Conversely, when the value decreases, it indicates that the indoor illuminance deviates more from the standard control range, and the light environment comfort decreases accordingly.

[0061] Air quality comfort is primarily used to evaluate the impact of indoor air quality on human health, respiratory comfort, and the quality of the work and living environment. It directly relates to people's breathing experience, mental state, work efficiency, and long-term health in the indoor environment. Good indoor air quality helps maintain normal respiratory function, reduces the adverse effects of air pollutants, and improves comfort and environmental adaptability. Conversely, poor air quality can cause dizziness, fatigue, decreased concentration, and respiratory discomfort, and in severe cases, may have lasting effects on human health.

[0062] Air quality comfort is mainly determined by indoor carbon dioxide concentration (CO2, unit ppm) and fine particulate matter concentration (PM). 2.5(Unit: μg / m) 3 ( ) is used as a core evaluation parameter. Among them, CO2 concentration mainly reflects indoor ventilation and the impact of human activity on the air environment. Excessively high CO2 concentration usually indicates insufficient fresh air or poor air circulation; PM2.5 concentration... 2.5 Concentration is primarily used to reflect the level of fine particulate pollutants in the air; excessively high concentrations can adversely affect the human respiratory system and health. Therefore, by comparing indoor CO2 concentration with PM2.5 concentration... 2.5 A comprehensive evaluation of concentration can effectively characterize the quality of indoor air environment and its comfort level in buildings, providing an important basis for the comprehensive evaluation of building comfort.

[0063] Current relevant standards and regulations typically specify maximum allowable concentration limits for indoor CO2 and PM2.5 concentrations in different types of buildings. This means that the concentration of indoor air pollutants should not exceed the upper limit set by the corresponding standard. The evaluation of these indicators is usually based on the average concentration over a certain time period. Regarding CO2 and PM2.5 concentrations... 2.5 For concentration testing and evaluation, the average value of 1 hour or 24 hours is generally used to reduce the impact of instantaneous fluctuations on the evaluation results and to more accurately reflect the actual operating status and long-term exposure level of the building's indoor air environment.

[0064] Taking the "Indoor Air Quality Standard" GB / T 18883-2022 as an example, the standard stipulates that the indoor CO2 concentration should meet the requirement of CO2 ≤ 1000 ppm (1-hour average). 2.5 The concentration should meet the PM2.5 standard. 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 The requirement of (24-hour average) is used to evaluate whether the indoor air quality of a building meets health and comfort requirements. The actual indoor CO2 concentration and PM2.5 concentration are also considered. 2.5 Concentration data are still obtained through on-site testing, with the measured CO2 concentration recorded as CO2 and the measured PM2.5 concentration as PM2.5. 2.5 Concentration denoted as PM 2.5 Based on this, the degree of conformity between the measured values ​​and the standard limits is quantitatively analyzed to calculate and evaluate the comfort level of building air quality. The calculation process is as follows.

[0065] Among them, CO2 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured CO2 is ≤1000ppm =1; When the measured CO2 > 1000 ppm ; Among them, the PM2.5 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When measured PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 hour, =1; When measured PM 2.5 >50μg / m 3 hour, ; According to CO2 compliance rate With PM 2.5 pass rate Calculate the individual score for air quality comfort. The calculation formula is: .

[0066] In the above formula, CO2 pass rate The weighting coefficient is set to 0.6, and PM is... 2.5 pass rate The weighting coefficient is set to 0.4. This is primarily because CO2 concentration more directly reflects the level of fresh air supply, air circulation, and respiratory comfort in crowded environments, significantly impacting people's subjective perception of air quality. When indoor CO2 concentration rises, it usually indicates insufficient ventilation, easily leading to stuffiness, fatigue, and decreased concentration, thus having a more direct impact on indoor air comfort. In contrast, PM2.5... 2.5 CO2 concentration primarily reflects the level of fine particulate pollutants in the air, which have a long-term cumulative impact on human health. While equally important for health and safety, its direct impact on short-term indoor subjective comfort perception is relatively weak. Therefore, in comprehensive air quality assessments, CO2 is given a higher weight to better highlight its role in evaluating indoor ventilation and breathing comfort.

[0067] It should be noted that the above weighting coefficients are reference values ​​determined based on the air environment characteristics of typical civil buildings. In actual application, the weights of each indicator can be adjusted and optimized according to different building types, functions, and air quality control objectives.

[0068] The above calculations were performed on four core components: thermal and humidity comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting comfort, and air quality comfort. The overall indoor comfort score of the building is then calculated. The calculation formula is expressed as: ; ; In the formula, Indicates the overall comfort level of a building's interior; The score represents the individual score for thermal and humid environment comfort (0-1 point). The score for acoustic environment comfort is 0-1 point. The score for the light environment comfort item is 0-1. The score represents the individual score for air quality comfort (0-1 point). Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of a hot and humid environment; Weighting coefficients representing acoustic comfort; Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of the lighting environment; Weighting coefficients representing air quality comfort.

[0069] In the above formula, ~ The weighting coefficients for different comfort evaluation indicators can be adjusted according to the building's functional type, usage requirements, and environmental control priorities. When there is no significant difference in the importance of the four indicators—thermal and humidity environment, acoustic environment, light environment, and air quality—and a balanced evaluation method is adopted, the following values ​​can be used: This means that the four types of environmental comfort indicators are considered to have the same level of importance in the overall comfort evaluation.

[0070] Carbon emission deviation rate This indicator is used to characterize the deviation of a building's actual carbon emission level from the target carbon emission level set during the design phase. It is one of the important evaluation indicators for measuring the effectiveness of a building's low-carbon operation. This indicator allows for quantitative analysis of the energy conservation and carbon reduction achievements under actual building operation, providing a basis for building operation optimization, low-carbon regulation, and energy efficiency evaluation. Its calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula, The carbon emission deviation rate is expressed as %; This indicates the actual carbon emissions from building operation, expressed in kgCO2. This represents the target carbon emission value during the building design phase, expressed in kgCO2.

[0071] The actual carbon emissions of a building during operation refer to the actual carbon emissions generated by the consumption of energy such as electricity, gas, district heating (cooling), and renewable energy substitution during the actual operation of the building. This parameter is calculated based on the actual energy consumption data during the building's operation phase, combined with the carbon emission factors of the corresponding energy types, and is used to reflect the carbon emission level under actual building operating conditions. In this method, it is used as a known quantity in the calculation.

[0072] The building design baseline carbon emission value refers to the target carbon emission level determined during the building design phase based on relevant energy-saving standards, low-carbon design objectives, or baseline operating conditions. This parameter is typically derived from benchmark values ​​in building design simulations, energy-saving design specifications, or relevant regulations, and serves as a reference benchmark for evaluating the low-carbon operating performance of buildings. In this method, it is included in the calculation as a known quantity.

[0073] The above formula, by calculating the relative difference between the actual carbon emissions of a building during operation and the design baseline carbon emissions, can effectively reflect the building's compliance with low-carbon standards and the degree of deviation under actual operating conditions.

[0074] when When the value is less than 0, it indicates that the actual carbon emissions of the building are lower than the design baseline value, meaning that the building's operating status is better than the design low-carbon target, and it has a good energy-saving and carbon-reduction effect; when... When = 0, it indicates that the actual carbon emissions of the building are basically consistent with the design target; when If the value is greater than 0, it indicates that the actual carbon emissions of the building exceed the design baseline value, reflecting that the building may have a certain degree of high carbon operation problem.

[0075] If only the absolute value of carbon emission deviation rate is used The default setting states that "any result deviating from the carbon emission benchmark is unreasonable," failing to differentiate between the two types of low-carbon scenarios. This results in indiscriminate deductions for effective low-carbon practices achieved through building energy-saving technologies that meet comfort standards, and for ineffective low-carbon practices achieved by shutting down equipment and sacrificing comfort. The essential differences between the two types of low-carbon scenarios are shown in Table 4 below.

[0076] Table 4

[0077] Therefore, this application proposes a carbon emission effectiveness identification and graded correction evaluation method based on comfort constraints. Taking indoor comprehensive comfort as a constraint, it classifies and differentiates carbon emission deviation behaviors, thereby achieving effective differentiation and evaluation reconstruction of different carbon reduction paths.

[0078] By introducing a "comfort safety net" mechanism, a comprehensive comfort threshold is first set. A score of ≥0.8 is used to ensure that the building's operating environment meets basic human comfort requirements. When the overall comfort level is below this threshold, it is considered a non-compliance status, and its low-carbon results will not be recognized or will be subject to constraints and corrections during the evaluation process.

[0079] Based on this, the carbon emission deviation rate A segmented processing mechanism is designed: carbon emission status is divided into two categories: "low-carbon status below the benchmark" and "high-carbon status above the benchmark," and the judgment is jointly made in conjunction with the comfort level compliance. Positive evaluation and incentives are given only to low-carbon behaviors achieved through technological means while meeting comfort standards, while "ineffective low-carbon" behaviors resulting from reduced equipment operation or environmental degradation are subject to restrictive penalties or corrections. Simultaneously, reverse constraints are implemented on carbon emission behaviors exceeding the benchmark to strengthen energy conservation and emission reduction control targets.

[0080] The above mechanism achieves a balanced control and evaluation of the dual objectives of "low carbon priority and comfort as a safety net," thereby avoiding the "one-size-fits-all deduction" problem in the traditional absolute deviation evaluation model and making the evaluation results more in line with the actual operation of building energy conservation projects.

[0081] The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ is an evaluation parameter used to characterize whether a building's carbon emission deviation behavior has an "effective emission reduction contribution" under comprehensive comfort constraints. This coefficient introduces indoor comfort compliance status to identify and correct carbon emission deviation rates in different scenarios, thereby distinguishing between "technology-driven low carbon" and "comfort-sacrificing low carbon," and simultaneously constraining high carbon emission behavior to achieve a true evaluation of a building's low carbon performance.

[0082] The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ>0. Generally speaking, the larger the value of λ, the more significant the low-carbon operation effect of the building under the condition of meeting comfort constraints, and the higher the effectiveness and contribution of its low-carbon behavior. Conversely, the smaller the value of λ, the weaker the effectiveness of its low-carbon behavior, and there may even be an "ineffective emission reduction" phenomenon at the expense of indoor environmental quality.

[0083] Carbon emission deviation behavior is classified and judged based on the comfort level compliance, and the correction method of carbon emission deviation rate under different situations is determined accordingly. Thus, the calculation model of effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ is constructed as follows: ; In effective low-carbon scenarios, carbon emissions are below the benchmark and comfort levels meet the standards; the lower the carbon emissions, the better. The larger the value, the higher the λ value, and the more positive bonuses are awarded, making it perfectly suited for high-performance energy-saving building scenarios; In ineffective low-carbon scenarios, carbon emissions are below the benchmark and comfort levels are not met; the lower the carbon emissions, the better. The larger the value, the lower the value of λ, resulting in a negative penalty and preventing false carbon reduction. In high-carbon emission scenarios, carbon emissions exceed the benchmark, regardless of whether comfort levels are met; the higher the carbon emissions, the better. The larger the value, the lower the value of λ, resulting in linear deduction and constraints on high-carbon behaviors.

[0084] The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ calculated using the above method ultimately takes values ​​in the range of (0,1). The overall building comfort score was obtained through the above calculations. The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ enables a comprehensive quantitative analysis of the building's indoor environmental comfort level and low-carbon operation status. Among these, It is mainly used to reflect the multi-dimensional comfort performance of buildings, such as indoor thermal and humidity environment, sound environment, light environment and air quality; while λ is used to characterize the effective low carbon contribution of buildings under comfort constraints.

[0085] This invention proposes a building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints. It does not solely aim for "maximizing comfort" or "minimizing carbon emissions," but rather uses the building's low-carbon operation target as a constraint, comprehensively evaluating the building's operational status while ensuring indoor environmental quality. Therefore, it further proposes the concept of a comprehensive building energy efficiency comfort index, S, to comprehensively characterize a building's low-carbon operation level, energy efficiency, and environmental suitability while meeting indoor comfort requirements. This achieves a synergistic and unified evaluation of the building's "energy saving, low carbon, and comfort," and its calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: S is the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index; The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; The weighting coefficient has a value range of [0,1]. For overall comfort.

[0086] The higher the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index, the better the building's low-carbon operation and overall energy efficiency performance while meeting indoor environmental comfort requirements. In other words, the building can achieve a higher level of energy saving and carbon reduction while ensuring the user experience, and its overall operation performance is better.

[0087] Conversely, when the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index is low, it indicates that the building may have high carbon emissions, insufficient indoor comfort, or both, reflecting a significant deviation between the building's operating status and the low-carbon comfort target, and its overall performance is relatively poor.

[0088] Therefore, based on the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index, by classifying the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index into levels, a unified judgment can be made on the building's energy-saving level, low-carbon performance and comfort status, providing a quantitative basis for building operation optimization, low-carbon transformation effect evaluation and green building performance evaluation. The specific evaluation method is as follows.

[0089] The Building Energy Efficiency Comfort Index (S) is used to comprehensively characterize a building's low-carbon operation level, overall energy efficiency, and environmental quality under the condition of meeting indoor environmental comfort requirements. The higher the value, the better the building can ensure indoor environmental comfort while achieving energy conservation and carbon reduction goals, and the better its overall operation performance. Conversely, it indicates that there is insufficient carbon emission control, poor indoor comfort, or both during the building's operation.

[0090] When the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index S ≥ 0.8, the building's operating status is judged to be excellent (low-carbon and comfortable). This level indicates that the building's actual carbon emission level is low, and the low-carbon effect comes from building energy-saving technologies and operational optimization, rather than achieving energy conservation by reducing indoor environmental quality. At the same time, the building's overall indoor comfort meets or exceeds the preset requirements, and the overall operating level is high. It belongs to the low-carbon and comfortable building category, achieving synergistic optimization of building energy consumption and carbon emission control and human living comfort, reaching a dual excellence level of low carbon and comfort.

[0091] When 0.7 ≤ S < 0.8, the building's operational status is judged as good. This level indicates that the building's carbon emission level is slightly lower than or close to the design benchmark value, the overall indoor environmental comfort meets the usage requirements, but there is room for improvement in some local comfort indicators. The overall building operation is relatively reasonable, belonging to a building that achieves a coordinated development of comfort and low-carbon performance, with reasonable carbon emission control and good overall performance. When 0.6 ≤ S < 0.7, the building's operational status is judged as qualified. This level indicates that the building's carbon emission level is slightly higher than the design benchmark value or the indoor comfort is at a moderate level. Some environmental indicators do not meet the ideal state, but the overall operation still meets the basic usage requirements, belonging to a basically qualified building. Its overall performance meets the minimum evaluation requirements, but there are still shortcomings in carbon emission control or comfort, with room for further optimization and improvement.

[0092] When the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index S < 0.6, the building's operational status is deemed unqualified. This level indicates that the building has high carbon emissions, significantly insufficient indoor comfort, or ineffective low-carbon operation behaviors that sacrifice indoor environmental comfort to reduce energy consumption. It may also be in a high-carbon operation state, resulting in poor overall building performance. Therefore, the carbon emission control capabilities and indoor environmental quality of such buildings are unlikely to meet the expected targets. Optimization and rectification should be carried out on aspects such as the building envelope, equipment systems, operation control strategies, and indoor environmental quality to improve the building's overall energy efficiency comfort level.

[0093] Taking an office building as an example, the method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints includes the following steps.

[0094] The first step is to obtain the core control indicators of the building's indoor living environment.

[0095] Table 5

[0096] Calculate the overall comfort score .

[0097] Temperature T in the reference range Inside, =1; Humidity H is within the reference range. Inside, =1; therefore, .

[0098] Indoor background noise Illuminance E in Inside; No visible glare. The score is 1.0; therefore, the overall score for the lighting environment is: .

[0099] CO2 ≤ 1000ppm PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 , Therefore, the overall air quality score is: Therefore, the overall indoor comfort score The calculation is as follows: .

[0100] Calculate carbon emission deviation rate .

[0101] Actual carbon emissions from building operation Building Design Benchmark Carbon Emissions Carbon emission deviation rate .

[0102] Calculate the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient .

[0103] In this case This falls under the category of effective low-carbon and positive incentives; therefore, the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient... .

[0104] Calculate the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index S.

[0105] This case study involves an office building, where overall building comfort and effective carbon emissions are equally important; therefore, a weighting factor is applied. The value is set to 0.5, and the calculated results of the building's comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S are as follows: .

[0106] Therefore, the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index S≥0.8, with excellent energy consumption and carbon emission control, and good living comfort, achieving a dual level of low carbon and comfort.

[0107] Taking a commercial building as an example, the method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints includes the following steps.

[0108] The first step is to obtain the core control indicators of the building's indoor living environment.

[0109] Table 6

[0110] Calculate the overall comfort score .

[0111] temperature , Humidity H is within the baseline range. Inside, =1; therefore, .

[0112] Illuminance E at Inside, No visible glare. The score is 1.0; therefore, the overall score for the lighting environment is: .

[0113] CO2 ≤ 1000ppm PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 , Therefore, the overall air quality score is: Therefore, the overall indoor comfort score The calculation is as follows: .

[0114] Calculate carbon emission deviation rate .

[0115] Actual carbon emissions from building operation Building Design Benchmark Carbon Emissions Carbon emission deviation rate .

[0116] Calculate the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ.

[0117] This case This falls under the category of effective low-carbon and positive incentives; therefore, the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient... .

[0118] Calculate the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index S.

[0119] This case study involves an office building, where overall building comfort and effective carbon emissions are equally important; therefore, a weighting factor is applied. The value is set to 0.5, and the calculated results of the building's comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S are as follows: .

[0120] Therefore, the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index is 0.7≤S<0.8, indicating excellent energy consumption and carbon emission control, good living comfort, and achieving a dual level of low carbon and comfort.

[0121] Taking a hospital ward building as an example, the method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints includes the following steps.

[0122] The first step is to obtain the core control indicators of the building's indoor living environment.

[0123] Table 7

[0124] Calculate the overall comfort score .

[0125] Temperature T in the reference range Inside, =1; Humidity H is within the reference range. Inside, =1; therefore, .

[0126] Indoor background noise Illuminance E in , No visible glare. The score is 1.0; therefore, the overall score for the lighting environment is: .

[0127] CO2 ≤ 1000ppm PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 , Therefore, the overall air quality score is: Therefore, the overall indoor comfort score The calculation is as follows: .

[0128] Calculate carbon emission deviation rate .

[0129] Actual carbon emissions from building operation Building Design Benchmark Carbon Emissions Carbon emission deviation rate .

[0130] Calculate the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ.

[0131] This case It falls under the category of effective low-carbon and positive incentives; therefore, the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient... .

[0132] Calculate the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index S.

[0133] This case study involves an office building, where overall building comfort and effective carbon emissions are equally important; therefore, a weighting factor is applied. The value is set to 0.6, and the calculated results of the building's comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S are as follows: .

[0134] Therefore, the building's overall energy efficiency comfort index is 0.6≤S<0.7, indicating excellent energy consumption and carbon emission control, good living comfort, and achieving a dual level of low carbon and comfort.

[0135] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing building comfort under carbon emission constraints, characterized in that, Including the steps of: Step S1: Obtain the environmental parameters of the indoor thermal, humidity, acoustic, optical and air quality environments of the building, quantitatively evaluate each environmental parameter according to the corresponding building environmental evaluation standards, construct an indoor comprehensive comfort evaluation model of the building, and calculate the indoor comprehensive comfort score of the building; Step S2: Calculate the building carbon emission deviation rate, which represents the deviation degree of the actual building operation carbon emission relative to the design benchmark carbon emission, based on the carbon emission data in the actual operation stage of the building and the benchmark carbon emission data in the building design stage; Step S3: Take the indoor comprehensive comfort score of the building as a constraint condition for the effectiveness of low-carbon operation of the building. According to the building carbon emission deviation rate and the indoor comprehensive comfort score of the building, in accordance with the effective low-carbon operation state that meets the comfort constraint conditions, the ineffective low-carbon operation state that does not meet the comfort constraint conditions, and the high-carbon operation state, correct the building carbon emission deviation rate and calculate the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; Step S4: Construct a collaborative evaluation model of building comfort and carbon emission based on the indoor comprehensive comfort score of the building and the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient, calculate the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index, and evaluate the building comfort of the building operation state based on the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index.

2. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building's overall indoor comfort score The calculation formula is expressed as: ； ； In the formula, Indicates the overall comfort level of a building's interior; The score represents the individual score for thermal and humid environment comfort (0-1 point). The score for acoustic environment comfort is 0-1 point. The score for the light environment comfort item is 0-1. The score represents the individual score for air quality comfort (0-1 point). Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of a hot and humid environment; Weighting coefficients representing acoustic comfort; Weighting coefficients representing the comfort level of the lighting environment; Weighting coefficients representing air quality comfort.

3. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building carbon emission deviation rate is expressed by the formula: ； In the formula, The carbon emission deviation rate is expressed as %; This indicates the actual carbon emissions from building operation, expressed in kgCO2. This represents the target carbon emission value during the building design phase, expressed in kgCO2.

4. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 3, characterized in that, The effective carbon emission contribution coefficient λ is used to introduce comfort constraint conditions in carbon emission evaluation to identify and correct the effectiveness of low-carbon operation. The formula is expressed as: ； In the formula, Indicates the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; Indicates the carbon emission deviation rate; This indicates the overall comfort level.

5. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 4, characterized in that, The building's comprehensive energy efficiency and comfort index It can be expressed by the formula: ； In the formula, S represents the building's overall energy efficiency and comfort index; Indicates the effective carbon emission contribution coefficient; This represents the weighting coefficient, with a value range of [0,1]. It indicates the overall comfort level of a building's interior.

6. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, basic data is obtained by on-site testing of the indoor environment of the building, so as to evaluate 4 core sub-items of thermal and humidity comfort, acoustic environment comfort, optical environment comfort, and air quality comfort; For the evaluation of thermal and humid comfort, a single score for thermal and humid environmental comfort is proposed. The main evaluation parameters are indoor air temperature (T) and relative humidity (H), and a temperature compliance rate is proposed. relative humidity compliance rate Among them, the temperature compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured temperature In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, ; Meanwhile, relative humidity compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured relative humidity In the baseline range At that time, =1; when hour, ; when hour, ; The individual score for thermal and humid environment comfort The calculation formula is: .

7. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 6, characterized in that, For the evaluation of acoustic environment comfort, the main evaluation parameter is background noise, and a single-item score for acoustic environment comfort is proposed. The calculation formula is: When measured noise hour, =1; When measured noise hour, .

8. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 7, characterized in that, For the evaluation of lighting environment comfort, a single score for lighting environment comfort is proposed. Propose lighting compliance rate Glare correction factor Illuminance compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured illuminance exist At that time, =1; When the measured illuminance hour, ; When the measured illuminance hour, ; Among them, glare correction coefficient The calculation is as follows: 1.0 for no visible glare, 0.9 for slight glare, and 0 for severe glare; According to the lighting compliance rate Glare correction factor Calculate the individual score for lighting environment comfort. The calculation formula is: .

9. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 8, characterized in that, For the evaluation of air quality comfort, a single score for air quality comfort is proposed. Propose CO2 compliance rate With PM 2.5 pass rate Among them, the CO2 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When the measured CO2 is ≤1000ppm =1; When the measured CO2 > 1000 ppm ; Among them, the PM2.5 compliance rate The calculation formula is: When measured PM 2.5 ≤50μg / m 3 hour, =1; When measured PM 2.5 >50μg / m 3 hour, ; According to CO2 compliance rate With PM 2.5 pass rate Calculate the individual score for air quality comfort. The calculation formula is: .

10. The building comfort assessment method based on carbon emission constraints according to claim 4, characterized in that, Evaluate the building comfort of the building operation state based on the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S, and compare the building comprehensive energy efficiency comfort index S with the preset evaluation thresholds respectively: When S≥0.8, it is determined that the building operation state is excellent; When 0.7≤S<0.8, it is determined that the building operation state is good; When 0.6≤S<0.7, it is determined that the building operation state is qualified; When S<0.6, it is determined that the building operation state is unqualified; And output the comfort evaluation result under the building carbon emission constraint according to the corresponding evaluation level.

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