Intelligent micro-fine atomization cooling system for transformer and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a transformer intelligent micro-fine atomization cooling system and a working method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cooling equipment. The system is composed of an atomization cooling module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module and a control and adjustment module. When in use, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module is arranged at each preset heating area of the transformer to realize global dead angle-free temperature sensing and provide accurate data support for regional matching and spray starting; the control and adjustment module compares and judges the real-time parameters with the preset temperature threshold value, and quickly matches and positions the corresponding heating area when the parameters exceed the limit; then the control and adjustment module drives the atomization supply unit to generate micro-fine cooling mist flow, which is directed to the corresponding atomization nozzle group to realize spot spray cooling, and at the same time, the atomization output parameters are dynamically corrected by relying on the fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm, and the equipment is sequentially turned off after the temperature falls below the threshold value, so that the cooling response speed and temperature control precision of the transformer are effectively improved, and the operation energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cooling equipment technology, specifically relating to an intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers and its working method. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of the power system, the transformer plays a core role in voltage transformation and power transmission. The windings and iron core will continuously generate heat loss when working under load for a long time, causing the transformer oil temperature and body temperature to rise rapidly. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time and accumulates inside the equipment, it will easily cause the insulation material to age and the insulation performance to decline. In severe cases, it will cause the windings to overheat and burn out, the equipment to fail and shut down, and significantly shorten the service life of the transformer.

[0003] In current technology, as described in Chinese invention patent application number "202222230516.8", the transformer tank is divided into an operating area and a cooling area by a partition plate. High-temperature insulating oil is conducted through cooling pipes. Combined with an air-cooling mechanism, a cooling box and a water tank, two-stage heat dissipation is achieved. The insulating oil is driven by a water pump to circulate in a closed loop. The water pump is automatically controlled to start and stop by a temperature sensing mechanism. To a certain extent, the transformer insulating oil is circulated and cooled, which alleviates the problem of excessive temperature rise of the transformer as a whole.

[0004] However, existing technologies can only achieve overall cooling of the transformer through the circulation of insulating oil inside the transformer. It is difficult to perform precise cooling of localized concentrated heat-generating areas of the transformer. Furthermore, the cooling output parameters are fixed, which can easily lead to insufficient or excessive cooling, greatly increasing cooling energy consumption and making it difficult to meet the refined heat dissipation requirements of transformers under complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to improve the cooling accuracy and cooling effect of transformer cooling. In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system and its working method.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers, comprising an atomization cooling module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and a control and adjustment module; the atomization cooling module includes an atomization supply unit and multiple atomization nozzle groups, each of the multiple atomization nozzle groups being independently connected to the atomization supply unit and correspondingly configured in multiple heat-generating areas of the transformer; the multi-dimensional data acquisition module is configured to acquire temperature-related parameters at the heat-generating areas; the control and adjustment module is communicatively connected to both the atomization cooling module and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and is used for: Determine whether the temperature correlation parameter collected in real time by the multi-dimensional data acquisition module exceeds a preset temperature threshold. If so, determine the corresponding heating area based on the temperature correlation parameter. The atomizing supply unit is activated to transmit cooling medium to the atomizing nozzle group corresponding to the heating area for atomized spraying; While the atomizing nozzle assembly is working, the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium are adjusted by a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm based on the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time. When the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the atomization supply unit and the atomization nozzle assembly are turned off.

[0007] Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers of the present invention include: The system comprises an atomization cooling module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and a control and adjustment module. In use, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module is first deployed in various preset heating areas of the transformer, continuously collecting temperature-related parameters in real time and uploading them to the control and adjustment module. This setup enables comprehensive temperature sensing without blind spots, solving the problem of traditional transformer cooling systems that only measure temperature at a single point and cannot precisely control temperature in different zones. This provides a reliable data source for subsequent zone matching and spray activation. Based on this, the control and adjustment module compares the real-time collected parameters with preset temperature thresholds one by one. Once any parameter exceeds the limit, it is immediately mapped to the corresponding heating area of ​​the transformer, thereby... The system enables rapid location of abnormal heat sources, avoiding energy waste and excessive cooling losses caused by indiscriminate spraying across the entire area. Next, the control module sends drive commands to the atomization supply unit of the atomization cooling module. The atomization supply unit generates a fine cooling medium mist and independently delivers it to the corresponding atomization nozzle group, achieving one-to-one point-to-point spray cooling. Finally, during the continuous operation of the atomization nozzle group, the control module dynamically corrects the atomization output parameters using a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm, achieving adaptive adjustment of the atomization spray cooling of the transformer. When the temperature-related parameters fall below the preset temperature threshold, the atomization supply unit and atomization nozzle group are shut down, forming a complete start-stop and adaptive control closed loop. This effectively improves the response speed and temperature control accuracy for transformer cooling, and reduces equipment operating energy consumption.

[0008] Optionally, the atomizing supply unit includes a cooler, a cold air blower, a water pump, a media storage device, an air duct, an air distribution box, and a transmission pipe. The cooler, the cold air blower, the water pump, and the media storage device are all communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module. The cooler is connected to the transmission pipe and the water pump, respectively. The transmission pipe is connected to the media storage device. The water pump is connected to each of the multiple atomizing nozzle groups in a corresponding manner. One end of the air duct is connected to the cold air blower, and the other end is configured to face each of the heating areas via the air distribution box.

[0009] Optionally, the number of nozzles in the atomizing nozzle group is one or more, and the atomizing nozzle group having multiple nozzles is an array structure. The nozzles are high-pressure centrifugal integrated atomizing nozzles or piezoelectric ultrasonic integrated atomizing nozzles, and the nozzle orifice diameter is 5-50 μm. The control and adjustment module is further used for: When the temperature correlation parameter is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the heat generation area is determined, the air cooler is first driven to work at the preset wind speed, and the output port of the air distribution box corresponding to the heat generation area is opened. Then, the cooler is driven to receive the cooling medium transmitted by the medium storage and perform cooling. After the cooling medium has cooled down, the atomizing nozzle group is first driven to start atomization, and then the water pump is driven to start, delivering the cooled cooling medium to the atomizing nozzle group for atomized spraying. When the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the water pump is turned off first, and after a preset time, the atomizing nozzle group, the cooler and the air cooler are turned off in sequence.

[0010] Optionally, the heat-generating area includes the top cover area of ​​the transformer tank, the area around the high-voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator, the area around the low-voltage bushing root and outgoing line, the winding lead-out position area, the heat dissipation area of ​​the transformer tank sidewall, and the area around the transformer neutral point bushing and connection point. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module for the transformer winding includes a transformer top-layer temperature sensor and a winding temperature sensor. The transformer top-layer temperature sensor is configured inside the top-layer tank oil cavity of the transformer, and the winding temperature sensor is configured at the winding of the transformer. The temperature correlation parameters include the transformer oil temperature and the winding area temperature. The preset temperature threshold includes an oil temperature threshold and a winding temperature threshold. The control and adjustment module is further used for: The temperature of the transformer oil is correlated with the temperature of the top cover area of ​​the oil tank and the heat dissipation area of ​​the side wall of the oil tank. The temperature of the high-voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator surrounding area, the low-voltage bushing root and outgoing line area, the winding lead-out position area, and the transformer neutral point bushing and connection point area are correlated with the temperature of the winding area. The heat-generating area is determined by comparing the transformer oil temperature with the oil temperature threshold and the winding area temperature with the winding temperature threshold.

[0011] Optionally, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module further includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor, which is configured at a ventilation point in the area surrounding the transformer. The temperature-related parameters also include ambient relative humidity, and the preset temperature threshold includes the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The atomization output parameters of the cooling medium include atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure. The control and adjustment module is used based on the fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm for: While the atomizing nozzle assembly is operating, the atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient is calculated using the following formula, based on a preset ambient relative humidity threshold and the real-time updated ambient relative humidity: , Among them, the The atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient, the The relative humidity of the environment, the This is a calibration coefficient for the high humidity attenuation ratio, and its value ranges from 0.6 to 0.8. The relative humidity threshold for the environment is 80%. Based on multiple transformer oil temperatures acquired sequentially at a preset acquisition frequency, the temperature rise rate of the transformer oil is obtained. The temperature rise rate difference is obtained based on the difference between the temperature rise rate of the transformer oil and the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The steady-state oil temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the transformer oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the rated reference water supply pressure and the reference atomization flow rate under the current temperature conditions updated in real time, the initial atomization output flow rate and initial atomization output pressure are calculated using the following formula: , , Among them, the The initial atomization output flow rate is the... The reference atomization flow rate, the The temperature difference adjustment weighting coefficient, the The oil temperature rise rate difference is the reference temperature difference threshold, which has a range of 2-3℃. The initial atomization output pressure is the pressure that is set. To maintain the minimum stable pressure for normal atomization, the The rated reference water supply pressure, the This is the pressure-temperature difference correlation coefficient; The first fine-tuning correction amount is calculated based on the following formula using the fuzzy PID algorithm. Then, using this first fine-tuning correction amount as the superposition ratio, the initial atomization output flow rate and the initial atomization output pressure are superimposed and fine-tuned respectively to obtain and adjust the atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure accordingly. , Among them, the The first fine-tuning correction amount, and its value range is 0-0.2. The above and stated These are the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient, respectively. For the steady-state oil temperature deviation, the The number of times the preset sampling frequency is used.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature correlation parameter further includes ambient temperature, and the control and adjustment module also has a built-in temperature advance prediction algorithm, and is used for: While the atomizing nozzle assembly is operating, the current temperature rise rate is compared in real time with a preset maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold. When the oil temperature rise rate exceeds the maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold, the predicted oil temperature at a preset future time is calculated based on the following formula: , Among them, the For the future The predicted oil temperature at the specified time, For the temperature rise rate, the To predict the lead time, the The transformer's natural heat dissipation loss coefficient is... The ambient temperature; The predicted temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the predicted oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the predicted temperature deviation, the temperature rise prediction advance correction amount is calculated using the following formula. A second fine-tuning correction amount is output based on the temperature rise prediction advance correction amount and the fuzzy PID algorithm. The atomization output flow rate and the atomization output pressure are then fine-tuned and adjusted accordingly based on the second fine-tuning correction amount. , Among them, the The advance correction amount for the predicted temperature rise, the To predict the compensation weight coefficient, the The threshold value for the maximum rate of temperature rise of the oil.

[0013] Optionally, the control and adjustment module also incorporates a humidity advance prediction algorithm, and is used for: Based on continuously acquired historical relative humidity time-series data, a humidity change curve is obtained through time-series fitting. The relative humidity at the previous preset time is then obtained using this humidity change curve and the current relative humidity. The predicted environmental humidity is calculated based on the following formula: , Among them, the For the future The predicted ambient humidity at the specified time, To obtain the current relative humidity of the environment in real time, the The relative humidity of the environment at the previous preset time, the The time interval is the preset time. When the predicted ambient humidity is greater than the ambient relative humidity threshold, the attenuation magnitude of the humidity attenuation coefficient of the atomization flow rate is increased to reduce the atomization output flow rate.

[0014] Optionally, the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers further includes a monitoring and early warning module, wherein the control and adjustment module is communicatively connected to the monitoring and early warning module and is used for: The electrical operating parameters of the multi-dimensional data acquisition module are acquired in real time. When the electrical operating parameters exceed the preset operating warning threshold, the monitoring and warning module outputs the first abnormal information. When the rate of change of the temperature-related parameter exceeds the preset rate warning threshold, the monitoring and warning module outputs a second abnormal information. When the number of abnormal messages output by the monitoring and early warning module exceeds the preset number of warnings, the monitoring and early warning module outputs fault confirmation information and alarm information.

[0015] Optionally, the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system further includes a human-machine interaction module, which is communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module and the monitoring and early warning module, and is used for: The control and adjustment module transmits the instruction values ​​and preset values ​​input through interactive transmission. It receives and displays the temperature-related parameters, the electrical operating parameters, the fault confirmation information, and the alarm information.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for operating a transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system, comprising: S1. Determine whether the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time by the multi-dimensional data acquisition module of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system exceed the preset temperature threshold. If so, determine the corresponding heat generation area of ​​the transformer based on the temperature correlation parameters. S2. Start the atomization supply unit of the atomization cooling module of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system to transmit the cooling medium to the atomization nozzle group of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system corresponding to the heat generation area for atomization spraying; S3. While the atomizing nozzle group is working, the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium are adjusted by a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm based on the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time. S4. When the temperature correlation parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, shut down the atomization supply unit and the atomization nozzle group.

[0017] Compared to the prior art, the beneficial effects of the working method of the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers of the present invention are the same as those of the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structural connection of the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the connection between the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers and the transformer in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 : A schematic flowchart illustrating the working method of the intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers in this embodiment of the invention.

[0020] Among them, 1-Atomizing cooling module, 11-Atomizing supply unit, 111-Refrigerator, 112-Air cooler, 113-Water pump, 114-Media storage, 115-Air duct, 116-Air distribution box, 117-Transmission pipe, 12-Atomizing nozzle group, 2-Multi-dimensional data acquisition module, 21-Transformer top layer temperature sensor, 22-Winding temperature sensor, 23-Ambient temperature and humidity sensor, 3-Control and adjustment module, 4-Monitoring and early warning module, 5-Human-machine interaction module, 6-Transformer, 7-Mobile frame. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To better understand the present invention, the following embodiments further illustrate the content of the invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a more thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details.

[0022] The term "comprising" and its variations as used herein are open-ended, meaning "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "at least partially based on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; and the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". Definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first," "second," etc., mentioned in this invention are used only to distinguish different devices, modules, or units, and are not intended to limit the order of functions performed by these devices, modules, or units or their interdependencies.

[0023] It should be noted that the terms "a" and "a plurality of" used in this invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise expressly indicated in the context, they should be understood as "one or more".

[0024] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for a transformer, comprising an atomization cooling module 1, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2, and a control and adjustment module 3; the atomization cooling module 1 includes an atomization supply unit 11 and multiple atomization nozzle groups 12, each of the multiple atomization nozzle groups 12 being independently connected to the atomization supply unit 11 and correspondingly configured in multiple heating areas of the transformer 6; the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 is configured to collect temperature-related parameters at the heating areas; the control and adjustment module 3 is communicatively connected to both the atomization cooling module 1 and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2. It is used to: determine whether the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time by the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 exceed the preset temperature threshold; if so, determine the corresponding heating area based on the temperature correlation parameters; drive the atomization supply unit 11 to start, and transmit the cooling medium to the atomization nozzle group 12 corresponding to the heating area for atomization spraying; while the atomization nozzle group 12 is working, adjust the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium based on the real-time collected temperature correlation parameters through a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm; when the temperature correlation parameters are lower than the preset temperature threshold, turn off the atomization supply unit 11 and the atomization nozzle group 12.

[0025] Specifically, the atomizing cooling module 1 can be an ultrasonic atomizing cooling device or a high-pressure micro-spray cooling device; the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 can be a contact temperature sensor and an integrated ambient temperature and humidity sensor; the control and adjustment module 3 can be a PLC controller; the preset temperature threshold can be a transformer oil temperature of 65℃, corresponding to the heating area of ​​the oil tank cover of transformer 6; the nozzles of the atomizing nozzle group 12 can be high-pressure centrifugal integrated atomizing nozzles or piezoelectric ultrasonic integrated atomizing nozzles, and the nozzle orifice diameter range is 5-50μm.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figure 1As shown, an intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers is constructed by atomization cooling module 1, multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2, and control and adjustment module 3. In operation, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 is first deployed in each preset heating area of ​​transformer 6, continuously collecting temperature-related parameters in real time and uploading them to the control and adjustment module 3. This setup enables comprehensive temperature sensing without blind spots, solving the problem of traditional transformer 6 cooling systems that only measure temperature at a single point and cannot accurately control temperature in different zones. This provides a reliable data source for subsequent zone matching and spray activation. Based on this, the control and adjustment module 3 compares the real-time collected parameters with preset temperature thresholds one by one. Once any parameter exceeds the limit, it immediately maps it to the corresponding heating area of ​​transformer 6, thereby achieving rapid location of abnormal heat sources and avoiding indiscriminate spraying across the entire area. This results in energy waste and excessive cooling losses. Next, the control and regulation module 3 sends a drive command to the atomization supply unit 11 of the atomization cooling module 1. The atomization supply unit 11 generates a fine cooling medium mist and independently delivers it to the corresponding atomization nozzle group 12, achieving one-to-one point-to-point spray cooling. Finally, during the continuous operation of the atomization nozzle group 12, the control and regulation module 3 dynamically corrects the atomization output parameters using a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm, achieving adaptive adjustment of the atomization spray cooling of the transformer 6. When the temperature-related parameters fall below the preset temperature threshold, the atomization supply unit 11 and the atomization nozzle group 12 are shut down, forming a complete start-stop and adaptive control closed loop, effectively improving the response speed and temperature control accuracy of cooling the transformer 6, and reducing equipment operating energy consumption.

[0027] It should be noted that the multidimensional data acquisition module 2 is embedded with a data filtering and preprocessing unit, which can perform moving average noise reduction on the raw temperature correlation parameters acquired by the multidimensional data acquisition module 2, suppress temperature data jumps caused by on-site electromagnetic interference, improve the accuracy of threshold determination and regional matching, and further enhance operational stability.

[0028] Optionally, the atomizing supply unit 11 includes a cooler 111, a cooler 112, a water pump 113, a media storage device 114, an air duct 115, an air distribution box 116, and a transmission pipe 117. The cooler 111, the cooler 112, the water pump 113, and the media storage device 114 are all communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module 3. The cooler 111 is connected to the transmission pipe 117 and the water pump 113 respectively. The transmission pipe 117 is connected to the media storage device 114. The water pump 113 is connected to a plurality of atomizing nozzle groups 12 one by one. One end of the air duct 115 is connected to the cooler 112, and the other end is configured to face each heating area via the air distribution box 116.

[0029] Specifically, the cooler 111 can be a semiconductor cooler or a small compression cooler; the air cooler 112 can be a centrifugal variable frequency air cooler or an axial flow silent air cooler; and the water pump 113 can be a variable frequency booster water pump or a constant pressure diaphragm pump.

[0030] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the atomizing supply unit 11 is composed of a cooler 111, a cold air blower 112, a water pump 113, a medium storage device 114, an air duct 115, an air distribution box 116, and a transmission pipe 117. In use, the medium storage device 114 first stores the dedicated cooling medium in a sealed manner and is connected to the cooler 111 via the transmission pipe 117. The control and adjustment module 3 triggers the cooler 111 to start and stop as needed, pre-cooling the input cooling medium at a constant temperature. This setup ensures that the sprayed cooling medium is always maintained at an optimal low temperature, solving the problems of low heat exchange efficiency and cooling lag in room temperature spraying, and laying a low-temperature foundation for atomized heat dissipation. Based on this, the water pump 113 is connected to the output end of the cooler 111 to cool the cooled medium. The gas is pressurized at a constant pressure and stably delivered to multiple atomizing nozzle groups 12, thereby ensuring the basic pressure conditions required for micro-atomization, avoiding uneven droplet size caused by pressure fluctuations, and achieving targeted cooling in different zones. Next, the cooler 112 placed on the mobile frame 7 generates directional airflow, which is transmitted to the air distribution box 116 through the air duct 115. The air distribution box 116 distributes the airflow to each heat-generating area, forming an air curtain to wrap the atomized mist and enhance the convective heat transfer effect. Finally, all components of the atomization supply unit 11 communicate and are linked with the control and adjustment module 3 to achieve coordinated start-stop and operating condition matching. The overall structure and pipeline layout are compact and independently controllable, effectively adapting to the multi-area synchronous heat dissipation needs of the transformer 6 and improving the overall cooling uniformity.

[0031] Optionally, the atomizing nozzle group 12 may have one or more nozzles. The atomizing nozzle group 12 with multiple nozzles is an array structure. The nozzles are high-pressure centrifugal integrated atomizing nozzles or piezoelectric ultrasonic integrated atomizing nozzles, and the nozzle orifice diameter is 5-50μm. The control and adjustment module 3 is also used to: when the temperature-related parameter is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the heating area is determined, first drive the air cooler 112 to work at the preset wind speed and open the output port of the air distribution box 116 corresponding to the heating area, and then drive the cooler 111 to receive the cooling medium transmitted by the medium storage 114 and cool it down; when the cooling medium is cooled down, first drive the atomizing nozzle group 12 to start atomization, and then drive the water pump 113 to start, and deliver the cooled cooling medium to the atomizing nozzle group 12 for atomization spraying; when the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, first turn off the water pump 113, and after a preset time, turn off the atomizing nozzle group 12, the cooler 111 and the air cooler 112 in sequence.

[0032] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the atomizing nozzle group 12 has one or more nozzles to achieve atomized spraying of different heating areas. The atomizing nozzle group 12 with multiple nozzles has an array structure to ensure the uniformity of spraying. The nozzles are high-pressure centrifugal integrated atomizing nozzles or piezoelectric ultrasonic integrated atomizing nozzles, and the nozzle diameter is 5-50μm. During atomized spraying, it can generate fine droplets. After the droplets come into contact with the surface of the heating area of ​​the transformer 6, they evaporate rapidly and absorb a large amount of heat, achieving efficient and precise cooling. On this basis, when cooling the transformer 6, firstly, after the control and adjustment module 3 determines that the temperature-related parameters exceed the limit and locks the target heating area, it prioritizes driving the cooler 112 to run to the preset constant wind speed, and simultaneously opens the output port of the corresponding heating area's air distribution box 116 to build a directional convection air field in advance. This setting can pre-form an air circulation channel to avoid subsequent mist stagnation and condensation, and solve the problem of atomized water mist accumulation and condensation in high humidity environments. To address the issue of temperature fluctuations, a low-temperature airflow is created in the heating area, which not only pre-cools the heating area but also reduces the temperature of the sprayed cooling medium, improving the cooling effect. Based on this, the cooler 111 is activated to extract the cooling medium from the medium storage 114 for constant-temperature cooling. Once the medium temperature reaches the preset steady-state value, the atomizing nozzle group 12 is activated first to complete resonant preheating, and then the water pump 113 is driven to start pressurized delivery. This allows the cooling medium to achieve stable micro-atomization instantly upon entering the atomizing nozzle group 12, preventing the direct spraying of droplets caused by turning on the atomizing nozzle group 12 after water has been supplied. The atomized micro-mist is precisely sprayed onto the target heating area. Finally, when the temperature drops below the threshold, the reverse logic of first turning off the water pump 113, then delaying shutdown, and then sequentially turning off the atomizing nozzle group 12, cooler 114, and air cooler 112 is followed. The delayed drainage of residual medium in the pipeline prevents water accumulation and corrosion, achieving standardized start-up and shutdown sequence and low equipment operating losses.

[0033] Optionally, the heat-generating areas include the top cover area of ​​the transformer tank, the area around the high-voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator, the area around the low-voltage bushing root and outgoing line, the winding lead-out location area, the heat dissipation area of ​​the transformer tank sidewall, and the area around the transformer neutral point bushing and connection point. The transformer winding multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 includes a transformer top temperature sensor 21 and a winding temperature sensor 22. The transformer top temperature sensor 21 is configured inside the top tank oil cavity of the transformer 6, and the winding temperature sensor 22 is configured at the winding of the transformer 6; temperature correlation parameters The data includes transformer oil temperature and winding area temperature. The preset temperature thresholds include oil temperature threshold and winding temperature threshold. The control and adjustment module 3 is also used to: correlate the temperature status of the top cover area of ​​the oil tank and the heat dissipation area of ​​the oil tank side wall based on the transformer oil temperature; correlate the temperature status of the high voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator surrounding area, low voltage bushing root and outgoing line area, winding lead-out position area and transformer neutral point bushing and connection area based on the winding area temperature; and compare the transformer oil temperature with the oil temperature threshold and the winding area temperature with the winding temperature threshold to determine the heat generation area.

[0034] Specifically, the transformer top temperature sensor 21 is a sensing device that collects the balanced oil temperature at the top of the oil tank, which can characterize the overall heat dissipation load of the transformer. Specifically, it can be a platinum resistance temperature sensor or a digital oil temperature sensor. The winding temperature sensor 22 is a sensing device that collects the temperature of the internal winding hot spots, which can monitor the potential for local overheating of the coil. Specifically, it can be a fiber optic temperature sensor or an embedded thermistor.

[0035] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 is constructed by setting up a transformer top-level temperature sensor 21 and a winding temperature sensor 22. During operation, the transformer top-level temperature sensor 21 is positioned inside the top-level oil tank cavity to collect the top-level oil temperature after oil circulation equalization in real time. The winding temperature sensor 22 is embedded in the transformer winding location to accurately capture the temperature of coil hot spots. This configuration achieves dual-dimensional temperature sensing of both the external tank and the internal winding, solving the problem of traditional methods that only measure oil temperature and cannot detect hidden overheating of the windings, providing dual-source data for zone determination. Based on this, the control and adjustment module 3 establishes a correlation mapping relationship between temperature and heat generation areas, linking the top-level oil temperature to the top of the oil tank. The heat dissipation areas on the top cover and side walls of the oil tank are linked to four major areas: the root of the high-voltage bushing, the outlet of the low-voltage bushing, the winding outlet, and the neutral point connection. This allows for precise matching of a single temperature parameter to the corresponding heat dissipation location. Next, the real-time oil temperature is independently compared with the oil temperature threshold and the winding temperature is compared with the winding temperature threshold. If any parameter exceeds the limit, the corresponding single or multiple heat-generating areas are immediately locked. Finally, based on the zonal matching results, the corresponding atomizing nozzle group 12 is activated in a targeted manner. This eliminates the need for full-area spraying and allows for targeted cooling of the overheated areas, significantly reducing the consumption of cooling media and equipment energy. At the same time, it also eliminates safety hazards in easily overheated parts such as bushings and leads.

[0036] Optionally, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 also includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor 23, which is configured at the ventilation point around the transformer 6. Temperature-related parameters include ambient relative humidity, and the preset temperature threshold includes the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The atomization output parameters of the cooling medium include atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure. The control and adjustment module 3 uses a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm to calculate the atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient based on the preset ambient relative humidity threshold and the real-time updated ambient relative humidity when the atomizing nozzle group 12 is working: , in, The humidity attenuation coefficient of the atomization flow rate. For ambient relative humidity, The high humidity attenuation ratio calibration coefficient is set, with a value range of 0.6-0.8, and the ambient relative humidity threshold is 80%. Based on multiple transformer oil temperatures acquired sequentially at a preset sampling frequency, the temperature rise rate of the transformer oil is obtained. The temperature rise rate difference is obtained based on the difference between the transformer oil temperature rise rate and the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The steady-state oil temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the transformer oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the rated reference water supply pressure and the reference atomization flow rate under the current temperature conditions, the initial atomization output flow rate and initial atomization output pressure are calculated using the following formula: , , in, To initially adjust the atomization output flow rate, As the baseline atomization flow rate, This is the weighting coefficient for temperature difference adjustment. This represents the difference in oil temperature rise rate, and serves as the baseline adjustment temperature difference threshold, with a range of 2-3℃. To initially adjust the atomization output pressure, To maintain the minimum stable pressure for normal atomization, The rated reference water supply pressure, The pressure-temperature difference correlation coefficient is used. Based on the fuzzy PID algorithm, the first fine-tuning correction amount is calculated using the following formula. This first fine-tuning correction amount is then used as the superposition ratio to perform superposition fine-tuning on the initial atomization output flow rate and initial atomization output pressure, respectively, to obtain and adjust the atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure accordingly. , in, This is the first fine-tuning correction amount, and its value ranges from 0 to 0.2. , and These are the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient, respectively. For steady-state oil temperature deviation, The number of times to collect samples at the preset sampling frequency.

[0037] Specifically, the environmental temperature and humidity sensor 23 is a device for collecting microclimate parameters at the ventilation points around the transformer. It can compensate for the defects of condensation and fogging in high-humidity environments. Specifically, it can be an integrated temperature and humidity sensor or an anti-condensation and waterproof temperature and humidity sensor. The working principle is based on an 80% high humidity threshold; the higher the humidity, the smaller the attenuation coefficient, thereby suppressing high-humidity, high-flow-rate spraying. and The working principle is based on a reference flow rate and pressure, combined with normalized adjustment of the humidity coefficient and the difference in oil temperature rise rate. The reference flow rate and rated pressure are both factory-calibrated. The working principle is to take the steady-state oil temperature deviation as input and output a fine-tuning correction amount of 0 to 0.2, wherein the proportional, integral and derivative coefficients are self-tuned by fuzzy rules.

[0038] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the multidimensional data acquisition module 2 is also equipped with an environmental temperature and humidity sensor 23. During operation, the environmental temperature and humidity sensor 23 is first deployed in a well-ventilated, unobstructed area around the transformer to collect real-time relative humidity data and upload it to the control and adjustment module 3. 80% is used as the critical threshold, and the data is then processed using a specific method. The atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient is calculated in segmented real-time. This setting allows for adaptive attenuation of the atomization output based on ambient humidity, solving the problems of water mist not evaporating and adhering to bushings causing insulation degradation in high-humidity environments, thus achieving humidity adaptive constraint. Based on this, the control and adjustment module 3 continuously collects multiple sets of transformer oil temperatures at a fixed acquisition frequency, calculates the real-time temperature rise rate, and compares it with the steady-state oil temperature rise rate to obtain the difference in oil temperature rise rate. Simultaneously, it calculates the steady-state oil temperature deviation between the real-time oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold, providing dual input variables for subsequent initial flow and pressure adjustments and PID fine-tuning. Then, relying on the benchmark atomization flow rate and rated benchmark water supply pressure, a substitution-based... and The initial atomization output flow rate and initial atomization output pressure were calculated separately to complete the basic parameter tuning under temperature and humidity coupling. Finally, a fuzzy PID algorithm was used with the steady-state oil temperature deviation as input, and the algorithm was applied through formula... The first fine-tuning correction amount in the range of 0 to 0.2 is calculated, and the initial flow rate and pressure are slightly corrected in a closed loop by proportional superposition. The dynamic temperature rise of the transformer is matched in real time, so that the atomization output parameters always fit the actual heat dissipation requirements, taking into account both cooling effect and operational stability.

[0039] Optionally, the temperature-related parameters also include ambient temperature. The control and adjustment module 3 also has a built-in temperature prediction algorithm, which is used to: compare the current temperature rise rate with the preset maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold in real time while the atomizing nozzle group 12 is working; when the oil temperature rise rate is greater than the maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold, calculate the predicted oil temperature at a preset time based on the following formula: , in, For the future Predicting oil temperature at any time For the rate of temperature rise, To predict the lead time, This is the transformer's natural heat dissipation loss coefficient. The ambient temperature is used as the reference point. The predicted temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the predicted oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the predicted temperature deviation, the temperature rise prediction advance correction is calculated using the following formula. A second fine-tuning correction is then output based on the temperature rise prediction advance correction and the fuzzy PID algorithm. Based on the second fine-tuning correction, the fine-tuning atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure are superimposed and adjusted accordingly. , in, To adjust the advance amount for temperature rise prediction, To predict the compensation weight coefficient, This is the threshold for the maximum rate of temperature rise in oil.

[0040] Specifically, the basic principle of the temperature advance prediction algorithm is the introduction of... Japanese style Based on the current oil temperature, temperature rise rate, and ambient temperature, combined with natural heat dissipation loss, the system predicts future oil temperature changes in advance. The heat dissipation loss coefficient is factory-calibrated, and the prediction lead time is manually set.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, the control and adjustment module 3 also has a built-in temperature advance prediction algorithm. During operation, the control and adjustment module 3 first monitors the transformer oil temperature rise rate in real time throughout the entire operation of the atomizing nozzle group 12, and continuously compares it with the preset maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold. Once the temperature rise rate exceeds the limit, the thermal advance prediction process is immediately triggered. This setting allows for early prediction of the temperature rise trend before the temperature exceeds the threshold, solving the problems of traditional cooling only starting after overheating and temperature control lag, thus achieving predictive active heat dissipation. Based on this, the call-based... By integrating the current oil temperature, temperature rise rate, prediction duration, and environmental heat loss, the predicted oil temperature at future moments is calculated, accurately predicting the transformer temperature change trend. Then, the difference between the predicted oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold is calculated to obtain the predicted temperature deviation, which is then substituted into... Calculate the advance correction amount for temperature rise prediction; finally, compare it with the above formula. The principle is the same. The advance correction amount is integrated into the fuzzy PID algorithm to generate a second fine-tuning correction amount, which is superimposed on the atomization output flow and pressure. This increases the cooling output in advance and suppresses the continuous temperature rise, thereby achieving advance temperature control and significantly reducing the risk of transformer overheating.

[0042] Optionally, the control and adjustment module 3 also has a built-in humidity advance prediction algorithm, which is used to: obtain a humidity change pattern curve by time-series fitting based on multiple sets of continuously acquired historical environmental relative humidity data, obtain the environmental relative humidity at the previous preset time by the humidity change pattern curve and the current environmental relative humidity, and calculate the predicted environmental humidity based on the following formula: , in, For the future Predicting ambient humidity in real time. To obtain the current relative humidity in real time, The relative humidity of the environment at the previous preset time. The time interval is preset; when the predicted ambient humidity is greater than the ambient relative humidity threshold, the decay rate of the atomization flow rate humidity decay coefficient is increased to reduce the atomization output flow rate.

[0043] Specifically, the basic principle of the humidity advance prediction algorithm is the introduction method. By fitting the changing trend using multiple sets of historical humidity time series data, and extrapolating the environmental humidity at future moments using the humidity change rate between the current and previous moments.

[0044] In this optional embodiment, the control and adjustment module 3 also has a built-in humidity advance prediction algorithm. During operation, firstly, the control and adjustment module 3 continuously stores multiple sets of historical relative humidity time-series data collected by the ambient temperature and humidity sensor 23. It then uses a time-series fitting algorithm to fit the continuous humidity change curve, analyzing the humidity rise and fall trend and rate of change. This setting filters out instantaneous humidity interference, restores the true environmental humidity change pattern, and avoids erroneous adjustments caused by single-point instantaneous humidity. Based on this, it extracts the humidity values ​​at the current moment and the previous preset moment, and substitutes them into the data. It calculates the predicted ambient humidity at future moments to achieve advance prediction of humidity change trends. Then, it compares the predicted ambient humidity with the 80% relative humidity threshold. When the predicted humidity is about to exceed the threshold or has already exceeded it, it actively increases the attenuation of the humidity attenuation coefficient of the atomization flow rate, thereby reducing the atomization output flow rate and adapting to high humidity conditions in advance. This reduces the hidden dangers of equipment condensation and insulation degradation caused by untimely water mist evaporation from the source, and achieves humidity trend prediction and advance control.

[0045] Optionally, the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system also includes a monitoring and early warning module 4. The control and adjustment module 3 is communicatively connected to the monitoring and early warning module 4 and is used to: acquire the electrical operating parameters of the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 in real time; when the electrical operating parameters exceed the preset operating early warning threshold, output the first abnormal information through the monitoring and early warning module 4; when the rate of change of the temperature-related parameters exceeds the preset rate early warning threshold, output the second abnormal information through the monitoring and early warning module 4; when the number of abnormal information output by the monitoring and early warning module 4 exceeds the preset number of early warnings, output fault confirmation information and alarm information through the monitoring and early warning module 4.

[0046] Specifically, the monitoring and early warning module 4 has a fault monitoring and protection function. It collects the current and voltage signals of each actuator and the temperature signal of the equipment in real time through the PLC and compares them with the preset normal operating range. When there is a stall, jamming, short circuit or local temperature abnormally soaring above the threshold, the PLC immediately cuts off the power supply of the relevant fault circuit and issues an audible and visual alarm signal. At the same time, it stores the fault code in the historical database, monitors the operation of the equipment in real time, provides fault monitoring and equipment protection functions, and prevents abnormal operation of the equipment.

[0047] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, a monitoring and early warning module 4 is also provided. First, the monitoring and early warning module 4 communicates with the control and adjustment module 3 in real time, continuously collecting electrical operating parameters of each component of the atomizing cooling mechanism, including operating current, operating voltage, and operating power. This setup can perceive the electrical conditions of core actuators such as water pumps, fans, and coolers in real time, solving the problem of traditional systems lacking electrical monitoring and failing to detect hidden faults. On this basis, the real-time electrical parameters are compared with preset operating early warning thresholds one by one. If the parameters exceed the allowable range, the first abnormal information is immediately output, realizing immediate prompts for abnormalities such as electrical overload, undervoltage, and phase loss. Next, the rate of change of temperature-related parameters is monitored synchronously. When the oil temperature or winding temperature spikes for a short time and exceeds the preset rate warning threshold, the second abnormal information is immediately output, identifying emergency conditions such as sudden overload and short-circuit overheating. Finally, the frequency of continuously output abnormal information is accumulated. When the accumulated number exceeds the preset warning number, the fault type is automatically locked and fault confirmation information and audible and visual alarm information are output, realizing graded early warning from single abnormal prompts to accurate fault confirmation, improving system operation safety and maintenance convenience.

[0048] Optionally, the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system also includes a human-machine interaction module 5, which is communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module 3 and the monitoring and early warning module 4, and is used to: transmit interactive input command values ​​and preset values ​​to control and adjust module 3, and receive and display temperature-related parameters, electrical operating parameters, fault confirmation information and alarm information.

[0049] Specifically, the human-computer interaction module 5 is an interactive terminal unit for manual command input, parameter setting, and status data visualization display, specifically a touch screen interactive terminal, a local button display terminal, or a remote cloud interactive terminal.

[0050] In this optional embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a human-machine interaction module 5 is also provided. First, the human-machine interaction module 5 establishes a two-way communication link with the control and regulation module 3 and the monitoring and early warning module 4, respectively. This allows maintenance personnel to manually input control commands and various preset values, which are then sent to the control and regulation module 3 to take effect. This setup enables manual intervention in the automatic control process and customization of system threshold parameters, solving the problem of traditional control system parameters being fixed and unable to adapt to demand. On this basis, the human-machine interaction module 5 receives temperature-related parameters and electrical operating parameters forwarded by the control and regulation module 3 in real time, and simultaneously receives fault confirmation information and alarm information pushed by the monitoring and early warning module 4. Next, all operating parameters, fault codes, and alarm statuses are displayed digitally and graphically, intuitively presenting the transformer temperature, equipment operating conditions, and fault locations. Finally, it supports online parameter modification, manual start and stop of each atomizing unit, and querying of historical fault records, realizing visualized operation of the entire local maintenance process and reducing the threshold for equipment maintenance.

[0051] Secondly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for operating a transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system, comprising: S1, determining whether the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time by the multi-dimensional data acquisition module 2 of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system exceed a preset temperature threshold; if so, determining the corresponding heating area of ​​the transformer 6 based on the temperature correlation parameters; S2, driving the atomization supply unit 11 of the atomization cooling module 1 of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system to start, transmitting the cooling medium to the atomization nozzle group 12 of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system corresponding to the heating area for atomization spraying; S3, while the atomization nozzle group 12 is working, adjusting the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium based on the real-time collected temperature correlation parameters using a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm; S4, when the temperature correlation parameters are lower than the preset temperature threshold, turning off the atomization supply unit 11 and the atomization nozzle group 12.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the technical effect of the working method of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system in this embodiment is similar to that of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system, characterized in that, The system includes an atomization cooling module (1), a multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2), and a control and adjustment module (3). The atomization cooling module (1) includes an atomization supply unit (11) and multiple atomization nozzle groups (12), each of which is independently connected to the atomization supply unit (11) and is configured in a corresponding manner to multiple heating areas of the transformer (6). The multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2) is configured to acquire temperature-related parameters at the heating areas. The control and adjustment module (3) is communicatively connected to both the atomization cooling module (1) and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2), and is used for: Determine whether the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time by the multidimensional data acquisition module (2) exceed the preset temperature threshold. If so, determine the corresponding heating area based on the temperature correlation parameters. The atomizing supply unit (11) is started to transmit the cooling medium to the atomizing nozzle group (12) corresponding to the heating area for atomizing spraying; While the atomizing nozzle group (12) is working, the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium are adjusted by a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm based on the temperature-related parameters collected in real time. When the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the atomization supply unit (11) and the atomization nozzle group (12) are turned off.

2. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The atomizing supply unit (11) includes a cooler (111), a cooler (112), a water pump (113), a media storage device (114), an air duct (115), an air distribution box (116), and a transmission pipe (117). The cooler (111), the cooler (112), the water pump (113), and the media storage device (114) are all communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module (3). The cooler (111) is connected to the transmission pipe (117) and the water pump (113) respectively. The transmission pipe (117) is connected to the media storage device (114). The water pump (113) is connected to each of the atomizing nozzle groups (12) one by one. One end of the air duct (115) is connected to the cooler (112), and the other end is configured to face each of the heating areas via the air distribution box (116).

3. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The atomizing nozzle group (12) has one or more nozzles, and the atomizing nozzle group (12) with multiple nozzles is an array structure. The nozzles are high-pressure centrifugal integrated atomizing nozzles or piezoelectric ultrasonic integrated atomizing nozzles, and the nozzle diameter is 5-50 μm. The control and adjustment module (3) is also used for: When the temperature-related parameter is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the heat generation area is determined, the air cooler (112) is first driven to work at the preset wind speed, and the output port of the air distribution box (116) corresponding to the heat generation area is opened. Then, the cooler (111) is driven to receive the cooling medium transmitted by the medium storage (114) and perform cooling. After the cooling medium has cooled down, the atomizing nozzle group (12) is driven to start atomization, and then the water pump (113) is driven to start, delivering the cooled cooling medium to the atomizing nozzle group (12) for atomization spraying; When the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the water pump (113) is turned off first, and after a preset time, the atomizing nozzle group (12), the cooler (111) and the air cooler (112) are turned off in sequence.

4. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The heat-generating areas include the top cover area of ​​the transformer tank, the area around the high-voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator, the area around the low-voltage bushing root and outgoing line, the area at the winding lead-out position, the heat dissipation area of ​​the transformer tank side wall, and the area around the transformer neutral point bushing and connection point. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2) for the transformer winding includes a transformer top temperature sensor (21) and a winding temperature sensor (22). The transformer top temperature sensor (21) is configured inside the top tank oil cavity of the transformer (6), and the winding temperature sensor (22) is configured at the winding of the transformer (6). The temperature correlation parameters include the transformer oil temperature and the winding area temperature. The preset temperature threshold includes the oil temperature threshold and the winding temperature threshold. The control and adjustment module (3) is also used for: The temperature of the transformer oil is correlated with the temperature of the top cover area of ​​the oil tank and the heat dissipation area of ​​the side wall of the oil tank. The temperature of the high-voltage bushing root and porcelain insulator surrounding area, the low-voltage bushing root and outgoing line area, the winding lead-out position area, and the transformer neutral point bushing and connection point area are correlated with the temperature of the winding area. The heat-generating area is determined by comparing the transformer oil temperature with the oil temperature threshold and the winding area temperature with the winding temperature threshold.

5. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multidimensional data acquisition module (2) also includes an ambient temperature and humidity sensor (23), which is configured at the ventilation point around the transformer (6). The temperature-related parameters also include ambient relative humidity. The preset temperature threshold also includes the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The atomization output parameters of the cooling medium include atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure. The control and adjustment module (3) is used based on the fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm for: While the atomizing nozzle assembly (12) is operating, based on the preset ambient relative humidity threshold and the real-time updated ambient relative humidity, the atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient is calculated using the following formula: ， Among them, the The atomization flow rate humidity attenuation coefficient, the The relative humidity of the environment, the This is a calibration coefficient for the high humidity attenuation ratio, and its value ranges from 0.6 to 0.

8. The relative humidity threshold for the environment is 80%. Based on multiple transformer oil temperatures acquired sequentially at a preset acquisition frequency, the temperature rise rate of the transformer oil is obtained. The temperature rise rate difference is obtained based on the difference between the temperature rise rate of the transformer oil and the steady-state oil temperature rise rate. The steady-state oil temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the transformer oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the rated reference water supply pressure and the reference atomization flow rate under the current temperature conditions updated in real time, the initial atomization output flow rate and initial atomization output pressure are calculated using the following formula: ， ， Among them, the The initial atomization output flow rate is the [specific value]. The reference atomization flow rate, the The temperature difference adjustment weighting coefficient, the The oil temperature rise rate difference is the reference temperature difference threshold, which has a range of 2-3℃. The initial atomization output pressure is the pressure that is set. To maintain the minimum stable pressure for normal atomization, the The rated reference water supply pressure, the This is the pressure-temperature difference correlation coefficient; The first fine-tuning correction amount is calculated based on the following formula using the fuzzy PID algorithm. Then, using this first fine-tuning correction amount as the superposition ratio, the initial atomization output flow rate and the initial atomization output pressure are superimposed and fine-tuned respectively to obtain and adjust the atomization output flow rate and atomization output pressure accordingly. ， Among them, the The first fine-tuning correction amount, and its value range is 0-0.

2. The above and stated These are the proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and differential coefficient, respectively. For the steady-state oil temperature deviation, the The number of times the preset sampling frequency is used.

6. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The temperature-related parameters also include ambient temperature, and the control and adjustment module (3) also has a built-in temperature advance prediction algorithm, which is used for: While the atomizing nozzle assembly (12) is working, the current temperature rise rate is compared with the preset maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold in real time. When the oil temperature rise rate is greater than the maximum oil temperature rise rate threshold, the predicted oil temperature at a preset future time is calculated based on the following formula: ， Among them, the For the future The predicted oil temperature at the specified time, For the temperature rise rate, the To predict the lead time, the The transformer's natural heat dissipation loss coefficient is... The ambient temperature; The predicted temperature deviation is obtained based on the difference between the predicted oil temperature and the oil temperature threshold. Based on the predicted temperature deviation, the temperature rise prediction advance correction amount is calculated using the following formula. A second fine-tuning correction amount is output based on the temperature rise prediction advance correction amount and the fuzzy PID algorithm. The atomization output flow rate and the atomization output pressure are then fine-tuned and adjusted accordingly based on the second fine-tuning correction amount. ， Among them, the The advance correction amount for the predicted temperature rise, the To predict the compensation weight coefficient, the The threshold value for the maximum rate of temperature rise of the oil.

7. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The control and adjustment module (3) also has a built-in humidity advance prediction algorithm, and is used for: Based on continuously acquired historical relative humidity time-series data, a humidity change curve is obtained through time-series fitting. The relative humidity at the previous preset time is then obtained using this humidity change curve and the current relative humidity. The predicted environmental humidity is calculated based on the following formula: ， Among them, the For the future The predicted ambient humidity at the specified time, To obtain the current relative humidity of the environment in real time, the The relative humidity of the environment at the previous preset time, the The time interval is the preset time. When the predicted ambient humidity is greater than the ambient relative humidity threshold, the attenuation magnitude of the humidity attenuation coefficient of the atomization flow rate is increased to reduce the atomization output flow rate.

8. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring and early warning module (4), wherein the control and adjustment module (3) is communicatively connected to the monitoring and early warning module (4) and is used for: The electrical operating parameters of the multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2) are acquired in real time. When the electrical operating parameters exceed the preset operating warning threshold, the first abnormal information is output through the monitoring and warning module (4). When the rate of change of the temperature-related parameter exceeds the preset rate warning threshold, the monitoring and warning module (4) outputs a second abnormal information. When the number of abnormal information output by the monitoring and early warning module (4) exceeds the preset number of early warnings, the monitoring and early warning module (4) outputs fault confirmation information and alarm information.

9. The intelligent micro-atomization cooling system for transformers as described in claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a human-computer interaction module (5), which is communicatively connected to the control and adjustment module (3) and the monitoring and early warning module (4), and is used for: The control and adjustment module (3) transmits the instruction value and preset value of the interactive input, and receives and displays the temperature-related parameters, the electrical operating parameters, the fault confirmation information and the alarm information.

10. A method for operating a transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system, characterized in that, include: S1. Determine whether the temperature correlation parameters collected in real time by the multi-dimensional data acquisition module (2) of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system exceed the preset temperature threshold. If so, determine the corresponding heat generation area of ​​the transformer (6) based on the temperature correlation parameters. S2. Start the atomization supply unit (11) of the atomization cooling module (1) of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system, and transmit the cooling medium to the atomization nozzle group (12) of the transformer intelligent micro-atomization cooling system corresponding to the heat generation area for atomization spraying; S3. While the atomizing nozzle group (12) is working, the atomization output parameters of the cooling medium are adjusted by a fuzzy PID adaptive adjustment algorithm based on the temperature-related parameters collected in real time. S4. When the temperature-related parameter is lower than the preset temperature threshold, shut down the atomization supply unit (11) and the atomization nozzle group (12).

Images