Phase modulation transformer and ac-dc power system for ships

Abstract

This application relates to phase-shifting transformers and AC / DC power systems for ships. The phase-shifting transformer is used to convert twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity. The transformer includes four pairs of windings: a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, and a fourth winding. The first winding is connected in Yyn0; the second winding in Dyn11; the third winding in Yyn6; and the fourth winding in Dyn5. The three-phase outputs of the first, second, third, and fourth windings are connected in parallel. By matching the 30° phase difference characteristics of the twelve-phase electricity through the four different winding connection groups, it is beneficial to accurately correct the phase of each group of three-phase electricity. After parallel connection, the output is a standard, stable, and phase-consistent three-phase power frequency AC power with low AC side waveform distortion and no additional harmonic superposition problems. This achieves efficient conversion from twelve-phase to three-phase electricity and has the advantage of high phase matching accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transformers, and in particular to phase-shifting transformers and AC / DC power systems for ships. Background Technology

[0002] A twelve-phase generator, also known as a twelve-phase rectified synchronous generator, has advantages such as high power density, low output DC voltage ripple, high power quality, and strong fault tolerance. It is widely used in fields with extremely high requirements for power supply reliability, such as ship electric propulsion systems, aviation power supplies, and large-scale wind power generation.

[0003] Traditional ship power supply systems use AC / DC power supply systems. However, traditional AC / DC power supply systems basically use three-phase AC generators to supply power, and rectifier transformers rectify the three-phase AC power into DC power. However, due to the low pulse number of the rectifier transformer, the DC power quality is poor and the harmonic content is high, which has a significant impact on electrical equipment such as marine electrical appliances. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a phase-shifting transformer and an AC / DC power system for ships.

[0005] One embodiment of this application is a phase-shifting transformer for converting twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity. The output side of the twelve-phase electricity has twelve output terminals, namely A1 to A12, with the phasor amplitudes of each output terminal being equal and the phase sequence being staggered by 30 degrees.

[0006] The phase-shifting transformer includes four pairs of windings, namely the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding;

[0007] The first winding is connected in Yyn0, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A1, A5, and A9.

[0008] The second winding is connected in a Dyn11 configuration, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A2, A6, and A10.

[0009] The wiring method of the third winding is Yyn6, and the input side is sequentially connected to the output terminals A7, A11 and A3 respectively;

[0010] The fourth winding is connected in a Dyn5 configuration, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A8, A12, and A4.

[0011] Furthermore, the three-phase outputs of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding are connected in parallel.

[0012] The aforementioned phase-shifting transformer, through the coordinated operation of four windings, can convert twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity. This facilitates its use with twelve-phase generators, leveraging their advantages, reducing harmonic losses, and decreasing heat loss in cables, transformers, and motors, thus extending the service life of various electrical equipment. Furthermore, compared to traditional DC output, it can match traditional AC loads. At the same transmission power and voltage level, three-phase AC power can reduce line current through voltage boosting, resulting in smaller cable cross-sections and lighter weight. Finally, it can match twelve-phase electricity through four different winding connection groups. Its 30° phase difference characteristic is beneficial for accurately correcting the phase of each group of three-phase electricity. After parallel connection, it outputs standard, stable, and perfectly phase-consistent three-phase power frequency AC power. The AC side waveform distortion rate is low, and there is no additional harmonic superposition problem. It perfectly realizes the efficient conversion of twelve-phase electricity to three-phase electricity and has the advantage of high phase matching accuracy. On the other hand, it has the advantages of high equipment integration, reduced harmonic loss, low equipment failure rate, and long corrosion resistance and life. It is especially suitable for standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships. It solves the industry pain points of large harmonics, redundant equipment, and complex structure of traditional ship AC / DC power supply systems and is suitable for widespread use.

[0013] In some embodiments, the output side wiring configuration of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding is yn.

[0014] In some embodiments, the impedance voltages between the input and output sides of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding are balanced.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding are respectively sealed by vacuum epoxy resin integral casting.

[0016] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting transformer includes a first transformer and a second transformer, the first transformer including a first winding and a second winding, and the second transformer including a third winding and a fourth winding.

[0017] In some embodiments, the magnetic circuits of the first transformer and the second transformer are set independently.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first winding and the second winding share a magnetic core, and the third winding and the fourth winding share another magnetic core.

[0019] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting transformer further includes a stand, on which the first transformer and the second transformer are respectively mounted.

[0020] In some embodiments, a shipboard AC / DC power system includes a twelve-phase generator and a phase-shifting transformer as described in any embodiment;

[0021] The twelve-phase generator is connected to the input side of the phase-adjusting transformer.

[0022] In some embodiments, the shipboard AC / DC power system further includes a twelve-phase rectifier;

[0023] The twelve-phase generator is also connected to the input side of the twelve-phase rectifier. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the module connections of an embodiment of the shipboard AC / DC power system described in this application.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the output of the twelve-phase generator in the embodiment shown.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the phase-shifting transformer described in this application.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the embodiment shown.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the input side connection of the first transformer in the illustrated embodiment.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the input side connection of the second transformer in the illustrated embodiment.

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the output side connection of the two transformers in the embodiment shown.

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 5The phasor diagram of the input side of the first winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0034] Figure 10 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the output side of the first winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the input side of the second winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0036] Figure 12 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the output side of the second winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0037] Figure 13 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the input side of the third winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0038] Figure 14 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the output side of the third winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0039] Figure 15 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the input side of the fourth winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0040] Figure 16 for Figure 5 The phasor diagram of the output side of the fourth winding in the illustrated embodiment.

[0041] Figure reference numerals: 100, Phase-adjusting transformer; 101, First transformer; 102, Second transformer; 103, Bench; 104, First output terminal; 105, Second output terminal; 106, Third output terminal; 107, Fourth output terminal; 110, First winding; 111, First input terminal of first winding; 112, Second input terminal of first winding; 113, Third input terminal of first winding; 114, First output terminal of first winding; 115, Second output terminal of first winding; 116, Third output terminal of first winding; 117, Fourth output terminal of first winding; 120, Second winding; 121, First input terminal of second winding; 122, Second input terminal of second winding; 123, Third input terminal of second winding; 124, First output terminal of second winding; 125, Second output terminal of second winding; 126, Second... 127. Third output terminal of the second winding; 130. Third winding; 131. First input terminal of the third winding; 132. Second input terminal of the third winding; 133. Third input terminal of the third winding; 134. First output terminal of the third winding; 135. Second output terminal of the third winding; 136. Third output terminal of the third winding; 137. Fourth output terminal of the third winding; 140. Fourth winding; 141. First input terminal of the fourth winding; 142. Second input terminal of the fourth winding; 143. Third input terminal of the fourth winding; 144. First output terminal of the fourth winding; 145. Second output terminal of the fourth winding; 146. Third output terminal of the fourth winding; 147. Fourth output terminal of the fourth winding; 200. Twelve-phase rectifier; 300. Twelve-phase generator; 400. AC / DC power system for ships. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0043] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application's specification are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature and the second feature are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and or" as used in this application includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0047] The following is combined Figures 1 to 16 The phase-shifting transformer and the AC / DC power system used on ships are described in detail.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, a shipboard AC / DC power system includes a twelve-phase generator and a phase-shifting transformer as described in any of the embodiments herein. The twelve-phase generator is connected to the input side of the phase-shifting transformer to output three-phase AC power through the phase-shifting transformer. It is understood that, due to the use of the phase-shifting transformer described in any embodiment, the shipboard AC / DC power system also possesses the beneficial technical effects of the phase-shifting transformer, which will not be elaborated upon here. The twelve-phase generator can be purchased directly from the market or can be manufactured in-house. As an example, the twelve-phase generator outputs 12 AC power signals with phases evenly offset by 30°, and is coupled with four sets of three-phase rectifier bridges connected in parallel to output DC power. To facilitate power supply to DC-powered equipment, in some embodiments, the shipboard AC / DC power system further includes a twelve-phase rectifier; the twelve-phase generator is also connected to the input side of the twelve-phase rectifier. This design allows the twelve-phase generator to simultaneously provide power output for two AC / DC power supply systems with a single winding, and it can also convert the twelve-phase power generated by the twelve-phase generator into three-phase power through the phase-adjusting transformer, thus creating conditions for realizing AC / DC power supply systems for civilian ships.

[0049] In some embodiments, the shipboard AC / DC power system includes a twelve-phase AC generator, a twelve-phase to three-phase phase-shifting transformer, and a twelve-phase rectifier. This can also be understood as a more advanced shipboard AC / DC power supply system equipped with the twelve-phase to three-phase phase-shifting transformer. The twelve-phase AC power generated by the twelve-phase generator is sent to the twelve-phase rectifier, where it is rectified to obtain high-quality DC power with low harmonic content, supplying power to DC loads. The other AC power is sent to the input side of the phase-shifting transformer, which converts twelve-phase to three-phase power. The secondary winding of the phase-shifting transformer outputs three-phase power frequency AC power to supply power to the ship's AC loads, thus forming a novel and practical universal AC / DC power system.

[0050] This design achieves two key benefits. First, on the AC side, a dedicated phase-adjusting transformer corrects and groups the twelve-phase power, resulting in four groups of three-phase outputs with unified phase and balanced impedance voltage. After parallel connection, the output is a standard, stable three-phase power frequency AC, exhibiting low waveform distortion and eliminating additional harmonic superposition. Second, on the DC side, a twelve-phase rectifier rectifies the twelve-phase AC power. Compared to traditional low-pulse rectifier transformer schemes, this results in a higher rectified pulse number, significantly reducing harmonic content in the output DC power and providing superior DC power quality. This effectively suppresses harmonic interference, losses, and insulation damage to various marine electrical equipment, extending the service life of shipboard AC and DC loads and reducing equipment failure rates. On the one hand, it is applied to ship systems. One unit is compatible with both AC and DC power supply, simplifying the ship's power supply architecture. A single twelve-phase generator can output two independent power sources at the same time: one is rectified by a twelve-phase rectifier to supply DC loads, and the other is converted into three-phase AC power by a phase-shifting transformer to supply AC loads. One power generation unit takes into account all AC and DC power needs of the ship, realizing the integrated sharing of AC and DC power supply for the ship. On the other hand, there is no need to configure separate independent AC generator sets and DC generator sets, saving multiple sets of power generation and rectification equipment, greatly reducing the space occupied by the ship's power station, reducing the weight of ship equipment and the complexity of pipeline and cable layout, and adapting to the compact use scenarios of ships.

[0051] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shipboard AC / DC power system 400 includes a phase-shifting transformer 100, a twelve-phase rectifier 200, and a twelve-phase generator 300. The output side of the twelve-phase generator 300 is connected to the phase-shifting transformer 100 and the twelve-phase rectifier 200, respectively, for outputting three-phase AC power through the phase-shifting transformer 100 and DC power through the twelve-phase rectifier 200, so as to be suitable for various AC / DC electrical equipment.

[0052] In some of these embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the output side of the twelve-phase generator 300 has twelve output terminals, that is, the output side of the twelve-phase electricity has twelve output terminals, which are A1 to A12 respectively. The phasor amplitude of each output terminal is equal, and the phase sequence is staggered by 30 degrees; that is, the phasor phase difference between A1 and A2 is 30 degrees, the phasor phase difference between A2 and A3 is 30 degrees, and so on, the phasor phase difference between A12 and A1 is 30 degrees.

[0053] In some embodiments, a phase-shifting transformer is used to convert twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity. The output side of the twelve-phase electricity has twelve output terminals, A1 to A12, with equal phasor amplitudes and phases staggered by 30 degrees. The phase-shifting transformer includes four pairs of windings: a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, and a fourth winding. The first winding is connected in a Yyn0 configuration, with its input side sequentially connected to output terminals A1, A5, and A9. The second winding is connected in a Dyn11 configuration, with its input side sequentially connected to output terminals A2, A6, and A10. The third winding is connected in a Yyn6 configuration, with its input side sequentially connected to output terminals A7, A11, and A3. The fourth winding is connected in a Dyn5 configuration, with its input side sequentially connected to output terminals A8, A12, and A4. Furthermore, the three-phase outputs of the first, second, third, and fourth windings are connected in parallel.

[0054] This structural design, through the coordination of four windings, can convert twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity, thus facilitating its use with twelve-phase generators and leveraging their advantages. This reduces harmonic losses and heat loss in cables, transformers, and motors, thereby extending the service life of various electrical equipment. Furthermore, compared to traditional DC output, it can match traditional AC loads. At the same transmission power and voltage level, three-phase AC can reduce line current through voltage boosting, resulting in smaller cable cross-sections and lighter weight. Finally, it uses four different winding connection groups to match the twelve-phase electricity. Its 30° phase difference characteristic is beneficial for accurately correcting the phase of each group of three-phase electricity. After parallel connection, it outputs standard, stable, and perfectly phase-consistent three-phase power frequency AC power. The AC side waveform distortion rate is low, and there is no additional harmonic superposition problem. It perfectly realizes the efficient conversion of twelve-phase electricity to three-phase electricity and has the advantage of high phase matching accuracy. On the other hand, it has the advantages of high equipment integration, reduced harmonic loss, low equipment failure rate, and long corrosion resistance and life. It is especially suitable for standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships. It solves the industry pain points of large harmonics, redundant equipment, and complex structure of traditional ship AC / DC power supply systems and is suitable for widespread use.

[0055] In some embodiments, the phase-shifting transformer includes a first transformer and a second transformer. The first transformer includes a first winding and a second winding, and the second transformer includes a third winding and a fourth winding. That is, the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding belong to two transformer modules, and these two transformer modules together constitute the phase-shifting transformer. To achieve magnetic field isolation, in some embodiments, the magnetic circuits of the first transformer and the second transformer are independently configured. That is, the first transformer and the second transformer each have an independent iron core magnetic circuit, and their magnetic fluxes do not interfere with each other. In other words, the first transformer and the second transformer do not share an iron core or a magnetic yoke. If the first transformer and the second transformer share a magnetic circuit, the excitation, short circuit, and harmonics of one transformer may interfere with the other transformer through the magnetic field, easily causing voltage distortion and increased noise.

[0056] This structural design integrates the first and second windings into the first transformer, and the third and fourth windings into the second transformer. These four differentiated connection groups belong to two independent transformer modules, resulting in a clear and organized module division. This facilitates batch production and individual maintenance and replacement, significantly reducing the difficulty of overall machine maintenance and minimizing downtime, thus adapting to the continuous operation conditions of ship power supply systems. Furthermore, the use of independent core magnetic circuits ensures that the first and second transformers do not share cores or yokes, preventing magnetic flux interference and fundamentally blocking magnetic circuit coupling interference. This completely avoids the defects of excitation fluctuations, short-circuit impacts, and harmonic magnetic field interference between transformers in a shared magnetic circuit structure. It effectively suppresses output voltage distortion, reduces electromagnetic noise during equipment operation, and ensures... The output three-phase AC waveform is stable with a low distortion rate. Furthermore, the independent magnetic circuit can isolate the superposition of harmonic magnetic fields between the two types of three-phase windings, avoiding mutual amplification of harmonics, further reducing the transformer's own eddy current loss and heat generation, slowing down the insulation aging rate, and extending the overall service life of the phase-shifting transformer. On the other hand, the dual transformer modules are laid out separately with independent magnetic circuits, so the fault is limited to a single transformer module and there will be no linkage failure of two devices, significantly reducing the equipment failure rate. At the same time, the modular structure facilitates standardized modular assembly, improving the efficiency of equipment integration and assembly. It specifically addresses the industry shortcomings of traditional integrated common core phase-shifting transformers, such as severe magnetic coupling interference, waveform distortion, high noise, and fault propagation, and is suitable for batch application in standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first and second windings share a single magnetic core, while the third and fourth windings share a separate magnetic core. That is, the first and second transformers are both two-winding transformers with a common magnetic circuit. This shared magnetic core design places the first and second windings in the same magnetic circuit environment, resulting in tighter coupling. Similarly, the third and fourth windings are also more tightly coupled. When applied to a twelve-phase multiphase rectifier transformer, this helps to cancel low-order harmonics using phase differences, thereby improving the power quality of the power grid.

[0058] This structural design, on the one hand, allows the first and second windings with Yyn0 and Dyn11 connection groups to share the same magnetic core, while the third and fourth windings with Yyn6 and Dyn5 connection groups share another magnetic core. This ensures the magnetic circuit environment of the two winding groups within the transformer is completely identical, resulting in tight and balanced electromagnetic coupling and a higher magnetomotive force matching degree between the windings. On the other hand, relying on the 30-degree phase difference characteristic of each terminal of the twelve-phase power supply, the phase offset of the two winding groups within the same magnetic core achieves mutual cancellation of low-order harmonics, significantly reducing harmonic amplitude and effectively lowering the distortion of output current and voltage waveforms. The variable frequency power supply significantly improves the power quality of the ship's power grid. On the other hand, the integrated layout of the dual windings with the same magnetic core can reduce the materials used for the iron core and yoke, reduce the overall size and weight of the phase-changing transformer, improve the integration of the equipment, and adapt to the installation space of the ship's narrow cabin. Furthermore, the harmonic self-cancellation of the windings inside the single magnetic core can reduce the heat loss of the equipment, delay the aging of the insulation, and reduce the long-term failure rate. At the same time, the dual magnetic cores are independent of each other and have no magnetic crosstalk, taking into account the advantages of harmonic control and magnetic isolation, and solving the industry problems of high harmonic content, large size and poor power output quality of traditional multiphase conversion transformers.

[0059] In various embodiments, the three-phase outputs of the first winding, second winding, third winding, and fourth winding are connected in parallel. In some embodiments, the output side wiring of the first winding, second winding, third winding, and fourth winding is all yn to facilitate parallel output. In some embodiments, the impedance voltage between the input and output sides of the first winding, second winding, third winding, and fourth winding is balanced, that is, the short-circuit impedance voltage values ​​of all primary and secondary windings are consistent, so that when the three-phase outputs of the first winding, second winding, third winding, and fourth winding are connected in parallel, the impedance voltage can be consistent. Conversely, if the impedance voltage is inconsistent, the load will be unevenly distributed, and the winding with lower impedance will overload and generate huge internal circulating current; that is, impedance voltage balance can ensure that the load is evenly distributed and there is no circulating current.

[0060] This structural design achieves several advantages. First, it unifies the output wiring groups, ensuring consistent phase sequence and phase reference across the four windings. This results in stronger synchronization of the three-phase AC waveform after parallel connection, avoiding phase shift distortion caused by group differences. Second, it ensures balanced impedance voltage matching across all windings, allowing for even load distribution among the four windings. This completely avoids load imbalance caused by inconsistent impedance voltages, eliminates overload heating in windings with low impedance and prevents large internal circulating currents between windings, significantly reducing additional losses and equipment temperature rise caused by circulating currents. Third, circulating current suppression reduces core and winding heating losses, delays insulation aging, extends the service life of the phase-shifting transformer, and lowers the probability of equipment failure. Fourth, the overall parallel output waveform distortion rate is lower, harmonic superposition effects are effectively suppressed, and the output three-phase power frequency is stable and reliable. The simple and regular structure is suitable for twelve-phase to three-phase power conversion, effectively solving industry pain points such as uneven load, large circulating current losses, and severe heating in multi-winding parallel transformers. It is also suitable for use in conjunction with standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships.

[0061] To improve reliability in harsh environments, in some embodiments, the first, second, third, and fourth windings are sealed using vacuum epoxy resin integral casting. This structural design offers several advantages. First, the epoxy resin casting process for the transformer windings provides strong short-circuit resistance, resistance to damp heat and salt spray, meeting the operational requirements of marine transformers. Second, vacuum casting eliminates air bubbles and gaps, resulting in a dense, sealed winding. Partial discharge can be controlled within the target threshold; the electric field distribution is uniform, and its resistance to lightning strikes and operational overvoltages is far superior to that of varnish-impregnated dry-type transformers, making it suitable for harmonic and impulse conditions in twelve-phase rectifier systems. Third, it offers advantages such as full sealing for moisture, dust, and corrosion resistance. The epoxy resin completely encapsulates the conductors and interlayer insulation, isolating them from moisture, dust, and acid / alkali mists. In humid environments, underground, and chemical plants, it can be put into direct operation after shutdown without drying, making it perfectly suited for mining and metallurgical electrolysis scenarios. On the other hand, it features high insulation class and excellent heat resistance, with the curing system achieving F-class (155℃) / H-class (180℃) insulation and strong short-term overload capacity. Combined with forced air cooling, it can operate under rated load for extended periods and is suitable for high-current applications with multiple windings connected in parallel. Furthermore, it boasts high overall rigidity, resisting sudden short-circuit impacts. Utilizing an epoxy resin cast-in-place structure, it exhibits extremely high axial and radial mechanical strength. When a short circuit generates enormous electrodynamic force, the windings do not deform or disintegrate. When multiple transformers are connected in parallel, the winding dimensions remain stable, ensuring long-term impedance voltage balance and preventing circulating currents due to deformation. This makes it particularly suitable for moving environments such as ships.

[0062] To facilitate the overall assembly and transportation of the phase-shifting transformer, in some embodiments, the phase-shifting transformer further includes a stand, on which the first transformer and the second transformer are respectively mounted. In some embodiments, by analyzing the output of the twelve-phase generator, the twelve-phase outputs A1 to A12, with equal voltage amplitudes and a phase angle difference of 30°, are divided into four groups of standard three-phase power. Based on the phase relationship of the four groups of three-phase power on the input side, two independent transformers are placed on the same stand. The magnetic circuits of the two transformers are independent. Through different connection groups on the input side, four independent and phase-consistent three-phase power outputs are achieved. The impedance voltage between the four input and output windings is balanced, and the windings do not affect each other. The four groups of yn-connected three-phase outputs are connected in parallel to form a standard three-phase AC output.

[0063] This structural design serves two purposes. First, the phase-shifting transformer converts twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity. As an example, this transformer can be used to share AC and DC power systems on ships. Second, the magnetic circuits of the two transformers are independent, and the impedance voltages between the four sets of input and output windings are balanced, preventing interference between the windings. The independent magnetic circuits eliminate magnetic flux coupling interference, and the balanced impedance voltages ensure that there is no circulating current in parallel operation and that the load is evenly distributed. Thus, when any set of windings is under load, starts, stops, short-circuited, or generates harmonics, the voltage, current, and excitation state of the remaining windings remain undisturbed, resulting in stable voltage waveforms. Problems such as mutual inductance interference, phase shift, or local overheating will not occur, which is beneficial for achieving stable operation of multiple windings in parallel. On the one hand, the two transformers with independent magnetic circuits are integrated and arranged on the same frame, and the whole assembly, hoisting and transportation process is integrated into one, eliminating the need for separate transportation and installation of components. This greatly simplifies the on-site assembly and compartment placement process of the phase-adjusting transformer, and adapts to the rapid installation requirements of the narrow compartments of ships. On the other hand, relying on the twelve-phase electricity with equal amplitude and phase staggered by 30° from A1 to A12, the power is split into four groups of three-phase electricity. With four groups of differentiated input connection groups to correct the phase, and with independent magnetic circuits to eliminate magnetic field crosstalk between the two transformers, and by uniformly balancing the impedance voltage of each winding's input side and output side, the interference is eliminated. In addition to eliminating mutual interference between windings, the four windings are connected in parallel using the yn connection method, ensuring that the output phases of each group are completely uniform, with no internal circulating current, even load distribution, low output waveform distortion, and significantly reduced harmonic losses. Furthermore, the integrated frame layout enhances the overall integration of the equipment, and the neat wiring facilitates later inspection and maintenance. It also balances the conversion accuracy from twelve phases to three phases with the portability and installation performance of the equipment, solving the industry pain points of traditional split transformers, such as cumbersome assembly, inconvenient transportation, and easy imbalance of parallel output. It is suitable for batch use in standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships.

[0064] In some embodiments, a phase-shifting transformer 100, such as Figure 3As shown, it includes a stand 103 and a first transformer 101 and a second transformer 102 respectively mounted on the stand 103; combined with Figure 6 and Figure 7 The phase-adjusting transformer 100 includes four pairs of windings, namely a first winding 110, a second winding 120, a third winding 130 and a fourth winding 140; wherein, the first transformer 101 includes the first winding 110 and the second winding 120, and the second transformer 102 includes the third winding 130 and the fourth winding 140.

[0065] Among them, such as Figure 6 As shown, the wiring configuration of the first winding 110 is Yyn0, with the high-voltage winding connected in a star configuration (Y) and the low-voltage winding also connected in a star configuration (y), and the neutral point on the low-voltage side is led out (n), with a phase difference of 0°; the input side of the first winding 110 is used to sequentially connect to the output terminals A1, A5, and A9 respectively; the phasor diagram of the first winding 110 is shown below. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in the figure. Among them, A1, A5, and A9 form a standard Y-shaped three-phase structure with phases of 0°, 120°, and 240°.

[0066] The second winding 120 is connected in a Dyn11 configuration, with the high-voltage winding in a delta connection (D) and the low-voltage winding in a star connection (y). The neutral point on the low-voltage side is led out (n), and the phase difference is 330° or equivalent to a lag of 30°. The input side of the second winding 120 is used to sequentially connect to output terminals A2, A6, and A10, respectively. The phasor diagram of the second winding 120 is shown below. Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown.

[0067] like Figure 7 As shown, the wiring configuration of the third winding 130 is Yyn6, with the high-voltage winding connected in a star configuration (Y) and the low-voltage winding also connected in a star configuration (y). The neutral point on the low-voltage side is led out (n), and the phase difference is 180°, i.e., out of phase. The third winding 130 is used to sequentially connect to output terminals A7, A11, and A3, respectively. The phasor diagram of the third winding 130 is shown below. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown.

[0068] The fourth winding 140 is connected in a Dyn5 configuration, with the high-voltage winding in a delta connection (D) and the low-voltage winding in a star connection (y), and the neutral point on the low-voltage side is led out (n), with a phase difference of 150° or equivalent to a lag of 210°; the fourth winding 140 is used to sequentially connect to output terminals A8, A12, and A4 respectively; the phasor diagram of the fourth winding 140 is shown below. Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown.

[0069] Finally mapped to Figure 8The four sets of secondary windings shown have four sets of a-phase, b-phase, and c-phase potentials that are completely overlapped, satisfying the parallel connection condition.

[0070] And as Figure 8 As shown, the three-phase outputs of the first winding 110, the second winding 120, the third winding 130, and the fourth winding 140 are connected in parallel. As an example, with this design, during rectification, the phase-shifting transformer 100, due to the uniform time phase distribution of the four sets of three-phase power supplies, will have its low-order harmonics generated by each rectifier bridge, especially the 5th, 7th, 11th, and 13th harmonics, cancel each other out due to their opposite phases when superimposed on the DC side. Theoretically, the twelve-phase rectification system can eliminate characteristic harmonics to 24k±1, where k is a positive integer, thus significantly improving the power quality on the DC side. Furthermore, the phase shifting is flexible and reliable: precise 30° integer multiple phase shifting is achieved using the standard connection group of the distribution transformer, eliminating the need for complex electronic phase-shifting devices and resulting in high industrial reliability. On the other hand, it has strong expansion and redundancy capabilities: 4 independent channels are connected in parallel, and the system can be isolated and run at reduced power when a single channel fails, improving the system's fault tolerance; on the other hand, it has good harmonic suppression: the low-order harmonics contained in the 12-phase input are mutually canceled in the parallel secondary circuit after being grouped and phase-shifted, and the harmonic content of the output power is much lower than that of ordinary three-phase power generation systems; on the other hand, it has a compact structure and good parallel compatibility: the two transformers are arranged on the same rack to save space, the independent magnetic circuit avoids the problem of magnetic coupling interference between multiple windings and the iron core, and the impedance voltage balance of each group is strictly controlled. When running in parallel, the load distribution is uniform and there will be no circulating current overload problem.

[0071] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 The first winding of the first winding 110 has its first winding first access terminal 111 connected to the output terminal A1 of the twelve-phase generator 300, its first winding second access terminal 112 connected to the output terminal A5 of the twelve-phase generator 300, and its first winding third access terminal 113 connected to the output terminal A9 of the twelve-phase generator 300; the second winding of the second winding 120 has its second winding first access terminal 121 connected to the output terminal A2 of the twelve-phase generator 300, its second winding second access terminal 122 connected to the output terminal A6 of the twelve-phase generator 300, and its second winding third access terminal 123 connected to the output terminal A10 of the twelve-phase generator 300.

[0072] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7The third winding 130 has its first access terminal 131 connected to the output terminal A7 of the twelve-phase generator 300, its second access terminal 132 connected to the output terminal A11 of the twelve-phase generator 300, and its third access terminal 133 connected to the output terminal A3 of the twelve-phase generator 300; the fourth winding 140 has its first access terminal 141 connected to the output terminal A8 of the twelve-phase generator 300, its second access terminal 142 connected to the output terminal A12 of the twelve-phase generator 300, and its third access terminal 143 connected to the output terminal A4 of the twelve-phase generator 300.

[0073] Combination Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 The first output terminal 104 of the phase-shifting transformer is connected to the first output terminal 114 of the first winding, the first output terminal 124 of the second winding, the first output terminal 134 of the third winding, and the first output terminal 144 of the fourth winding, respectively; the second output terminal 105 of the phase-shifting transformer is connected to the second output terminal 115 of the first winding, the second output terminal 125 of the second winding, the second output terminal 135 of the third winding, and the second output terminal 145 of the fourth winding, respectively; the third output terminal 106 of the phase-shifting transformer is connected to the third output terminal 116 of the first winding, the third output terminal 126 of the second winding, the third output terminal 136 of the third winding, and the third output terminal 146 of the fourth winding, respectively; the fourth output terminal 107 of the phase-shifting transformer is connected to the fourth output terminal 117 of the first winding, the fourth output terminal 127 of the second winding, the fourth output terminal 137 of the third winding, and the fourth output terminal 147 of the fourth winding, respectively; that is, parallel output is achieved. In this way, the directions and phases of the three-phase Y-shaped phasors derived from the four sets of o1, o2, o3, and o4 are completely coincident, achieving the design goal of phase consistency.

[0074] This structural design, where the phase-adjusting transformer 100 integrates the first transformer 101 and the second transformer 102 on the test bench 103, along with four differentiated connection groups of windings connected to the output terminals of the twelve-phase generator 300 and a unified parallel output on the low-voltage side, offers multiple technical advantages. Firstly, the test bench 103 integrates the first transformer 101 (equipped with the first winding 110 and the second winding 120) and the second transformer 102 (equipped with the third winding 130 and the fourth winding 140) into a single unit, facilitating unified hoisting, transportation, and compartment assembly. The neat wiring layout significantly reduces the difficulty of on-site installation and subsequent maintenance on the ship. Secondly, leveraging the characteristic of the twelve phases (A1 to A12) being staggered by 30°, four wiring methods (Yyn0, Dyn11, Yyn6, and Dyn5) are used to match the corresponding phase sequence terminals. The fixed phase offset inherent in each connection group precisely compensates for the phase deviation of each group of three-phase electricity, thus offsetting the phase difference. The low-order harmonics generated by the multiphase conversion significantly reduce the waveform distortion rate on the output side and the harmonic loss, effectively reducing the heat loss of cables and transformers and extending the service life of the entire power supply equipment. Furthermore, all four sets of windings have their low-voltage sides led out from the neutral point and connected in parallel to the first output terminal 104, the second output terminal 105, the third output terminal 106, and the fourth output terminal 107 of the phase-adjusting transformer. The output phases of each group are completely coincident, the load is evenly distributed, there is no internal circulating current problem, and the power output is stable and standard, which can be directly adapted to various traditional three-phase AC loads. Moreover, the modular layout of the split dual transformers, combined with the differentiated winding groups to coordinate phase correction, results in high equipment integration and low failure rate. It is perfectly adapted to the power supply scenario of a twelve-phase generator on ships, solving the industry pain points of insufficient phase correction accuracy, high harmonic content, cumbersome assembly, and poor output power quality of traditional multiphase conversion equipment. It can be widely used in standardized AC / DC integrated power supply systems for ships.

[0075] It should be noted that other embodiments of this application also include phase-shifting transformers and shipboard AC / DC power systems formed by combining the technical features of the above embodiments.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0077] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A phase-adjusting transformer, characterized in that, Used to convert twelve-phase electricity into three-phase electricity, the output side of the twelve-phase electricity has twelve output terminals, namely A1 to A12, the phasor amplitude of each output terminal is equal, and the phase sequence is staggered by 30 degrees; The phase-shifting transformer includes four pairs of windings, namely the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding; The first winding is connected in Yyn0, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A1, A5, and A9. The second winding is connected in a Dyn11 configuration, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A2, A6, and A10. The wiring method of the third winding is Yyn6, and the input side is sequentially connected to the output terminals A7, A11 and A3 respectively; The fourth winding is connected in a Dyn5 configuration, with the input side sequentially connected to output terminals A8, A12, and A4. Furthermore, the three-phase outputs of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding are connected in parallel.

2. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output side wiring configuration of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding is yn.

3. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impedance voltage between the input and output sides of the first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding is balanced.

4. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first winding, the second winding, the third winding, and the fourth winding are all sealed by vacuum epoxy resin integral casting.

5. The phase-shifting transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The phase-adjusting transformer includes a first transformer and a second transformer. The first transformer includes a first winding and a second winding, and the second transformer includes a third winding and a fourth winding.

6. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The magnetic circuits of the first transformer and the second transformer are set independently.

7. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first winding and the second winding share a magnetic core, and the third winding and the fourth winding share another magnetic core.

8. The phase-shifting transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phase-adjusting transformer also includes a stand, on which the first transformer and the second transformer are respectively mounted.

9. A shipboard AC / DC power system, characterized in that, Includes a twelve-phase generator and a phase-adjusting transformer as described in any one of claims 1 to 8; The twelve-phase generator is connected to the input side of the phase-adjusting transformer.

10. The shipboard AC / DC power system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The shipboard AC / DC power system also includes a twelve-phase rectifier; The twelve-phase generator is also connected to the input side of the twelve-phase rectifier.

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