A battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a battery pack and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery pack comprises a box body, a battery module and a flow dividing piece. The box body comprises a bottom plate. The battery module is arranged at intervals in at least one row in a second direction, is accommodated in the box body, and an input flow channel is arranged at the bottom of the battery module. The flow dividing piece is arranged at the side of the battery module, and a first input port of the flow dividing piece corresponds to a gap of a battery monomer, so that heat exchange liquid can enter a heat exchange channel from the bottom of the gap, and after heat exchange with the large surface of the battery monomer, the heat exchange liquid can flow into the first input port of the flow dividing piece from the side after passing through the top of the battery monomer. The heat exchange liquid discharged from the heat exchange channel can be collected in time, and the cooling of the battery monomer is not affected by the high temperature of the heat exchange liquid during the discharging process. The problem that the temperature difference between the battery monomers at the inlet and outlet of the battery pack is large due to the flow mode of one-side liquid inlet and the other-side liquid outlet in the immersion cooling mode is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and more particularly to a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the heat dissipation problem of power batteries and battery modules has become increasingly prominent.

[0003] Existing air-cooling and liquid-cooling methods are insufficient to meet the demands of high-rate charging and discharging and high energy density in batteries, easily leading to uneven battery temperature distribution and affecting battery performance and lifespan. Immersion cooling, where the immersion fluid typically flows in from one side of the battery and out from the other, while offering relatively efficient heat exchange, suffers from a unidirectional flow of the immersion fluid. Furthermore, the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the immersion fluid is typically over 10°C, resulting in a significant actual temperature difference near the inlet and outlet, leading to poor battery temperature uniformity and impacting battery lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a battery pack and vehicle, aiming to solve the problem of large temperature difference between battery cells at the inlet and outlet of the battery pack due to the immersion cooling method which uses a flow pattern of liquid inlet on one side and liquid outlet on the other side.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of this application, a battery pack is provided, the battery pack having intersecting first and second directions, the battery pack comprising: The enclosure includes a base plate; A battery module, which is housed in the housing, includes a plurality of battery cells arranged along a first direction, each battery cell having gaps on both sides in the first direction, and each gap having a heat exchange channel. A diverter is disposed on at least one side of the battery module in a second direction. The diverter is provided with spaced-apart first inlets, each of which is connected to at least one of the gaps, so that the first inlets can receive heat exchange liquid flowing out from the corresponding heat exchange channel. The diverter is configured to discharge the heat exchange liquid from the housing. The base plate has an input channel configured to deliver heat exchange liquid into the gap, so that the heat exchange liquid can pass through the heat exchange channel and the first inlet in sequence and then enter the flow divider.

[0006] Optionally, the battery pack has a third direction that intersects both the first and second directions, and a buffer is provided in the gap. The buffer is configured to extend along the third direction, thereby forming the heat exchange channel arranged along the third direction in the gap.

[0007] Optionally, a flow-disrupting element is provided in the heat exchange channel, and the flow-disrupting element is configured to disturb the heat exchange liquid flowing in the heat exchange channel.

[0008] Optionally, the turbulence-disrupting element includes a plurality of turbulence-disrupting blocks, which are spaced apart within the heat exchange channel.

[0009] Optionally, the spoiler includes a spoiler plate, which includes a first plate and a second plate. The first plate and the second plate are alternately arranged and connected end to end in sequence. The first plate and the second plate are arranged at an angle.

[0010] Optionally, the second plate includes a first part, a second part, and a third part. The second part is connected to one side of the first part and the third part, respectively, and the second part is set at an angle to the first part and the third part, respectively. The sides of the first part and the third part that are away from the second part are connected to the first plate.

[0011] Optionally, the base plate includes a support plate and a flow channel plate, the support plate and the flow channel plate are connected to form the input flow channel, and the support plate has a plurality of second input ports spaced apart, the second input ports connecting the input flow channel and the heat exchange channel.

[0012] Optionally, the battery pack is further provided with a support member, which is embedded between the base plate and the battery cell along the first direction, and the support member is provided with protrusions arranged at intervals and located in the gaps, and the protrusions are provided with through holes communicating with the second input port.

[0013] Optionally, the diverter has a first cavity and a second cavity, which are connected. The first inlet is formed on the cavity wall of the first cavity, and the cavity wall of the second cavity has a first outlet, which is used to discharge the heat exchange liquid from the second cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the first output port is located at the end near the second cavity, and a plurality of spaced-apart branch ports are formed between the first cavity and the second cavity, wherein the flow area of ​​the branch port near the first output port is smaller than the flow area of ​​the branch port far from the first output port.

[0015] Optionally, a flow divider is provided between adjacent rows of battery modules. The flow divider is located inside the housing. The bottom plate forms an output channel, which is configured to connect to the first output port, so that the heat exchange liquid can be discharged from the flow divider to the outside of the housing.

[0016] Optionally, an isolation component is provided between adjacent rows of battery modules. In the second direction, the current shunt is located on one side of the two outermost rows of battery modules. The current shunt is partially located inside the housing, and the first output port is located outside the housing.

[0017] According to a second aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including a body and the battery pack installed within the body.

[0018] In the battery pack of this application embodiment, the above technical solution involves setting the input channel at the bottom of the battery module and the shunt component on the side of the battery module, with the first input port of the shunt component corresponding to the gap between the battery cells. This allows the heat exchange liquid to enter the heat exchange channel from the bottom of the gap, and after large-area heat exchange with the battery cells, the heat exchange liquid can flow to the side through the top of the battery cells and into the first input port of the shunt component. This allows for timely collection of the heat exchange liquid discharged from the heat exchange channel, preventing the high temperature of the heat exchange liquid from affecting the cooling of the battery cells during discharge. This solves the problem of large temperature difference between the battery cells at the inlet and outlet of the battery pack due to the immersion cooling method using a flow pattern of liquid inlet on one side and liquid outlet on the other side, and helps to improve the temperature consistency of the battery cells.

[0019] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] To gain a more complete understanding of this application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description denote the same parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the battery pack housing and housing cover provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The first-person view of the exploded structure of the battery pack provided in the image; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A second-view exploded structural diagram of the battery pack provided in the image; Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram provided is a top view of the enclosure structure. Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram along the BB direction; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 An enlarged schematic diagram of section D in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the CC direction; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of section E in the middle; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a baffle plate installed in a heat exchange channel according to an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spoiler provided in the exemplary embodiment of the application; Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Enlarged schematic diagram of section G in the middle; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the support member assembled between the base plate and the battery cell in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 14 This is a top view of the diversion component provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram along the FF direction; Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the box provided in the exemplary implementation of this application.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 11. Base plate; 11a. Inlet channel; 11b. Outlet channel; 111. Support plate; 1111. Second inlet; 1112. Second outlet; 112. Channel plate; 12. Separator beam; 13. Inlet end; 14. Outlet end; 15. Connecting pipe; 2. Battery module; 21. Battery cell; 210. Gap; 211. Heat exchange channel; 3. Flow divider; 31. First inlet; 32. First cavity; 33. Second cavity 34. First output port; 35. Diverter port; 36. Partition; 4. Buffer; 5. Baffle; 51. Baffle block; 52. Baffle plate; 521. First plate; 522. Second plate; 5221. First part; 5222. Second part; 5223. Third part; 6. Support; 61. Protrusion; 611. Through port; 7. Isolator; 8. Cover plate; 9. Baffle; X, First direction; Y, Second direction; Z, Third direction. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 This application provides a battery pack, including a housing 1, battery modules 2, and a shunt 3. This battery pack can be used in power battery systems and energy storage systems for new energy vehicles. The battery pack employs an immersion cooling method to cool the internal battery cells 21. Because the battery pack uses an immersion cooling method, the heat exchange liquid inside the housing 1 submerges the top of the battery cells 21, thus reducing the risk of thermal runaway and enhancing safety. The housing 1 has intersecting directions X, Y, and Z.

[0026] The housing 1 includes a base plate 11. The housing 1 can be made of materials including but not limited to high-strength metals. In this embodiment, the housing 1 can be made of aluminum alloy. The housing 1 can be formed by methods including but not limited to welding, and the housing 1 as a whole has sealing, pressure resistance, and leakage prevention properties, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack. As the main body for supporting and sealing the battery pack, the housing 1 can have a base plate 11 integrated at its bottom. The base plate 11 provides a structural foundation for the input of heat exchange fluid, and the heat exchange fluid flowing through the base plate 11 can reduce the temperature of the base plate 11, thereby cooling the bottom of the battery cell 21 to a certain extent.

[0027] It should be noted that the cover plate 8 can be made of the same material as the housing 1. The cover plate 8 can be fixed to the housing 1 by means including but not limited to bolts or welding. Furthermore, the connection between the cover plate 8 and the housing 1 can be sealed by adding a rubber strip or applying sealant to prevent leakage of the heat exchange fluid inside the battery pack. In this embodiment, the heat exchange fluid can be in the form of, but is not limited to, hydrocarbon oil.

[0028] The battery module 2 is housed within the housing 1. The battery module 2 includes multiple battery cells 21 arranged along a first direction X. Each battery cell 21 has gaps 210 formed on both sides of the first direction X, and each gap 210 contains a heat exchange channel 211. The battery modules 2 are arranged in at least one row along a second direction Y. In practical applications, the number of rows of battery modules 2 inside the housing 1 can be adjusted according to the battery pack capacity. All battery modules 2 are housed within the internal cavity of the housing 1. Each row of battery modules 2 includes several battery cells 21 closely arranged along the first direction X. The battery cells 21 can be, but are not limited to, square batteries. Each battery cell 21 has gaps 210 reserved on both sides of the first direction X. Independent heat exchange channels 211 are formed within the gaps 210. The heat exchange channels 211 can extend vertically along a third direction Z. The heat exchange channel 211 serves as a path for heat exchange between the heat exchange liquid and the battery cell 21 through large-area contact. When the heat exchange liquid flows through the heat exchange channel 211, it can exchange heat with the battery cells 21 on both sides, thereby removing the heat from the battery cells 21 and achieving cooling of the battery cells 21.

[0029] In this embodiment, a partition beam 12 arranged along the first direction X can be provided inside the housing 1, thereby dividing the interior of the housing 1 into different cavities for accommodating the battery modules 2. By adding the partition beam 12 inside the housing 1, not only can the strength of the housing 1 be enhanced, but when there are many rows of battery modules 2 inside the housing 1, multiple rows of battery modules 2 can be placed in different cavities, thereby improving the stability of the battery modules 2 inside the housing 1 and reducing the risk of the battery modules 2 moving inside the housing 1.

[0030] The diverter 3 is disposed on at least one side of the battery module 2 in the second direction Y. The diverter 3 is provided with spaced-apart first inlet ports 31, each first inlet port 31 communicating with at least one gap 210, so that the first inlet port 31 can receive heat exchange liquid flowing out from the corresponding heat exchange channel 211. The diverter 3 is configured to discharge the heat exchange liquid from the housing 1. Specifically, the diverter 3 can adopt a sealed cavity structure design. The diverter 3 can be made of engineering plastics or aluminum alloys to give it high strength and corrosion resistance. When a single row of battery modules 2 is disposed in the housing 1, the diverter 3 can be disposed on one side of the battery module 2 or on both sides of the battery module 2. When multiple rows of battery modules 2 are disposed in the housing 1, the diverter 3 can be disposed on the outer sides of the two battery modules 2 in the second direction Y, or the diverter 3 can be disposed on both sides of each row of battery modules 2. The flow divider 3 has multiple first inlet ports 31 machined on the side facing the battery module 2. These first inlet ports 31 can be arranged at equal intervals. The number of first inlet ports 31 matches the number of gaps 210 in the battery cells 21. Each first inlet port 31 corresponds to a gap 210 in the second direction Y, shortening the distance between the first inlet port 31 and the outlet end of the heat exchange channel 211. This reduces the flow resistance of the heat exchange liquid entering the flow divider 3, ensuring that the heat exchange liquid that has completed heat exchange in the heat exchange channel 211 can smoothly enter the flow divider 3 through the first inlet ports 31. By configuring the flow divider 3, the heat exchange liquid flowing out from multiple heat exchange channels 211 can be collected, allowing it to be subsequently discharged from inside the housing 1 to the external circulating refrigeration system, thus facilitating the circulating cooling of the heat exchange liquid.

[0031] The base plate 11 has an input flow channel 11a configured to deliver heat exchange liquid into the gap 210, allowing the heat exchange liquid to sequentially pass through the heat exchange channel 211 and the first inlet 31 before entering the distributor 3. Multiple input flow channels 11a can be formed inside the base plate 11. The input flow channels 11a can adopt a tree-like stepped distribution structure, allowing the input flow channels 11a to branch off gradually from the input end 13, ultimately connecting to the bottom of each gap 210, which helps to achieve uniform distribution of the heat exchange liquid.

[0032] The working process of the heat exchange fluid within the battery pack is as follows: Low-temperature heat exchange fluid enters the input channel 11a of the base plate 11 from the external circulating refrigeration system through input end 13. After being distributed through a tree-like branching process in input channel 11a, the heat exchange fluid is evenly distributed into the interior of each heat exchange channel 211. The heat exchange fluid flows upwards along the third direction (Z) within the heat exchange channel 211, making full contact with the large surface of the battery cell 21 for heat exchange, thereby absorbing the heat generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery cell 21. The heated heat exchange fluid can flow out from the top of the heat exchange channel 211 and enter the first input port 31 of the branching component 3 on the side. Finally, after being collected by the branching component 3, it can be discharged from the housing 1 and enter the external circulating refrigeration system.

[0033] Through the above technical solution, the input channel 11a is set at the bottom of the battery module 2, and the diverter 3 is set on the side of the battery module 2. The first input port 31 of the diverter 3 corresponds to the gap 210 of the battery cell 21, so that the heat exchange liquid can enter the heat exchange channel 211 from the bottom of the gap 210. After the heat exchange liquid exchanges heat with the battery cell 21 on a large scale, it can flow to the side into the first input port 31 of the diverter 3 after passing through the top of the battery cell 21. This can collect the heat exchange liquid discharged from the heat exchange channel 211 in a timely manner and prevent the heat exchange liquid from being discharged after heat exchange. During the heat exchange liquid discharge process, the high temperature affects the cooling of the battery cells 21. This solves the problem of large temperature difference between the battery cells 21 at the inlet and outlet of the battery pack caused by the immersion cooling method, which uses a flow pattern of liquid inlet on one side and liquid outlet on the other. This helps to improve the temperature uniformity of the battery cells 21. Compared with the solution where the heat exchange liquid in the battery pack enters from one side and exits from the other side, the cooling effect of this application can be enhanced by 100%. Compared with the solution that only cools the bottom of the battery cells 21, the cooling effect of this application can be enhanced by 400%. This battery pack can support high-rate operating scenarios of charging above 10C and discharging above 20C.

[0034] In this embodiment, in the first direction X, the length of the first inlet 31 is larger than the width of the gap 210, so as to ensure that the heat exchange liquid flowing out of the heat exchange channel 211 can smoothly enter the first inlet 31 through the gap 210 on the side of the heat exchange channel 211, and prevent the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid entering the first inlet 31 from being affected by the positional offset between the first inlet 31 and the gap 210.

[0035] Please refer to Figures 2 to 9 A buffer 4 is provided in the gap 210. The buffer 4 is configured to extend along the third direction Z, so that a heat exchange channel 211 is formed in the gap 210 along the third direction Z.

[0036] Specifically, buffer members 4 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y within the gap 210 between the battery cells 21 of each row of battery modules 2. Two buffer members 4 can be provided, and both extend vertically along the third direction Z. Thus, a heat exchange channel 211 extending along the third direction Z can be formed within the gap 210 through the buffer members 4. The lower ends of the buffer members 4 abut against the base plate 11, allowing the heat exchange liquid to flow entirely into the heat exchange channel 211 after entering the gap 210 from the input channel 11a. The buffer members 4 can be made of materials such as neoprene foam, acrylic rubber, and fluororubber, giving them oil corrosion resistance, high elasticity, and high pressure resistance, thus adapting to long-term immersion in heat exchange liquids such as hydrocarbon oils. The buffer members 4 can be connected to the large surface of the battery cells 21 by methods including but not limited to adhesive bonding.

[0037] Thus, by setting the buffer 4, not only can an independent heat exchange channel 211 be separated within the gap 210, avoiding turbulent flow of the heat exchange liquid within the gap 210 and ensuring that the heat exchange liquid flows along the heat exchange channel 211 within the gap 210, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency, but it can also separate adjacent battery cells 21, providing stable support for adjacent battery cells 21. To a certain extent, it can absorb the compressive force generated by the expansion of the battery cells 21, ensuring that the space of the gap 210 is not excessively compressed and deformed when the battery cells 21 expand during charging and discharging, keeping the cross-sectional dimensions of the heat exchange channel 211 constant, and avoiding problems such as blockage of the heat exchange channel 211 and turbulence of the internal heat exchange liquid.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5 as well as Figures 7 to 10 A turbulence-disrupting element 5 is provided inside the heat exchange channel 211. The turbulence-disrupting element 5 is configured to disturb the heat exchange liquid flowing inside the heat exchange channel 211.

[0039] Specifically, the material of the baffle 5 can be the same as that of the buffer 4. That is, the material of the baffle 5 can be neoprene foam, acrylic rubber, or fluororubber, etc., to give the baffle 5 oil corrosion resistance, high elasticity, and high pressure resistance. At the same time, the baffle 5 is insulated from the battery cell 21, avoiding the risk of electrical short circuits between adjacent battery cells 21. The baffle 5 and the large surface of the battery cell 21 can be fixedly connected by methods including but not limited to adhesive bonding. The adhesive between the baffle 5 and the large surface of the battery cell 21 can be an oil-resistant thermally conductive adhesive. This ensures the connection strength between the baffle 5 and the battery cell 21 while allowing heat to be exchanged between the adhesive and the heat exchange fluid, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat exchange fluid and the large surface of the battery cell 21 to a certain extent. The turbulence-disrupting element 5 is located inside the heat exchange channel 211, and the height of the turbulence-disrupting element 5 in the third direction Z is lower than the top of the buffer element 4. This allows the turbulence-disrupting element 5 to turbulent the heat exchange liquid inside the heat exchange channel 211 while preventing the turbulence-disrupting element 5 from obstructing the flow of the heat exchange liquid discharged from the heat exchange channel 211 to the first inlet 31 on the side, thereby greatly improving battery consistency and cycle life.

[0040] Thus, by setting the turbulence-disrupting element 5 in the heat exchange channel 211, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. The vertically flowing heat exchange liquid in the heat exchange channel 211 can be disturbed, which can change the direction of fluid flow, break the laminar flow state of the fluid, increase the fluid turbulence, increase the contact area and contact time between the heat exchange liquid and the battery cell 21, improve the heat transfer coefficient, and enhance the heat exchange effect.

[0041] It should be noted that the installation position of the baffle 5 can cover the entire heat exchange channel 211. That is, the baffle 5 can be evenly distributed from the bottom liquid inlet to the top liquid outlet of the heat exchange channel 211 to ensure that the heat exchange liquid is in a turbulent state during the flow process in the entire heat exchange channel 211, thereby reducing heat exchange dead zones.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 3 to 5 as well as Figures 7 to 9 The turbulence-disrupting element 5 includes multiple turbulence-disrupting blocks 51, which are spaced apart within the heat exchange channel 211.

[0043] Specifically, the flow-dispersing element 5 can be composed of multiple flow-dispersing blocks 51. The flow-dispersing blocks 51 can be, but are not limited to, block-shaped structures. The shape of the block-shaped structure can be square, cylindrical, or elliptical cylindrical, etc. In this embodiment, the flow-dispersing block 51 is a square block-shaped structure. Multiple flow-dispersing blocks 51 can be arranged in a matrix or staggered pattern inside the heat exchange channel 211. By setting the flow-dispersing blocks 51 as square block-shaped structures, when the heat exchange liquid flows through the flow-dispersing blocks 51, the angular structure of the flow-dispersing blocks 51 can cut the fluid, thereby forming local turbulence.

[0044] Thus, by using multiple spaced-apart baffles 51, a multi-level disturbance structure can be formed inside the heat exchange channel 211. This allows the heat exchange liquid to continuously change its flow direction and velocity as it flows through the baffles 51, and to form vortex flow, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the baffles 51 can provide auxiliary support for the battery cells 21 on both sides of the gap 210, and together with the buffer 4, further stabilize the space of the heat exchange channel 211, preventing the battery cells 21 from expanding and compressing the heat exchange channel 211.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The spoiler 5 includes a spoiler 52, which includes a first plate 521 and a second plate 522. The first plate 521 and the second plate 522 are alternately arranged and connected end to end in sequence. The first plate 521 and the second plate 522 are arranged at an angle.

[0046] Specifically, the spoiler 5 can adopt the structure of a spoiler 52. The spoiler 52 can be a one-piece elastic plate, allowing it to deform with the expansion and compression of the battery cell 21 when installed in the heat exchange channel 211, improving the structural adaptability of the spoiler 52 and preventing breakage or detachment. The spoiler 52 can be made of materials including but not limited to aluminum. The spoiler 52 can be manufactured using methods including but not limited to aluminum extrusion molding. An angle of 60° to 120° can be formed between the first plate 521 and the second plate 522, giving the spoiler 52 a wave-shaped plate structure. The first plate 521 can be a straight section. After installation in the heat exchange channel 211, the first plate 521 can be bonded to the large surface of the battery cell 21. The second plate 522 can be an inclined section. After installation in the heat exchange channel 211, the second plate 522 can extend away from the large surface of the battery cell 21. By alternating the arrangement of the first plate 521 and the second plate 522, the spoiler 52 can have multiple included angles formed by the first plate 521 and the second plate 522.

[0047] Thus, by setting the baffle 52, when the heat exchange liquid flows along the third direction Z in the heat exchange channel 211, it can continuously impact the angle between the first plate 521 and the second plate 522, thereby forming strong turbulence. At the same time, it can extend the flow path of the heat exchange liquid to a certain extent and increase the heat exchange time.

[0048] It should be noted that by setting the turbulence element 5 as a turbulence plate 52, compared with setting the turbulence element 5 as multiple spaced turbulence blocks 51, the turbulence plate 52 has a more uniform disturbance effect on the heat exchange liquid, and the fluid resistance is smaller, which helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency and reduce the pressure drop of the heat exchange liquid when passing through the heat exchange channel 211.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The second plate 522 includes a first part 5221, a second part 5222 and a third part 5223. The second part 5222 is connected to one side of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 respectively, and the second part 5222 is set at an angle to the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 respectively. The sides of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 away from the second part 5222 are respectively connected to the first plate 521.

[0050] Specifically, the second plate 522 can be a three-section structure comprising a first part 5221, a second part 5222, and a third part 5223. The second part 5222 is located in the middle of the second plate 522, and its two side edges are fixedly connected to one side edge of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223, respectively. The side edges of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 facing away from the second part 5222 are fixedly connected to the adjacent first plate 521. In this way, by setting the second plate 522 into a bent structure, the turbulence intensity of the heat exchange liquid can be increased when it passes through the second plate 522, enhancing the fluid disturbance effect and further improving the heat transfer coefficient. This ensures that the temperature of the battery cell 21 is always controlled within a safe range under 10C charging and 20C discharging conditions, avoiding local overheating of the battery pack. In addition, the second plate 522 with its bending structure can effectively disperse the compressive force of the expanding battery cell 21, which can reduce the risk of the second plate 522 breaking due to local stress concentration to a certain extent.

[0051] It should be noted that the angles between the second part 5222 and the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 can be set to be equal. That is, the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 can be arranged in parallel. In this way, as the heat exchange liquid flows through the second plate 522, it can continuously impact the angles between the second part 5222 and the first part 5221 and the third part 5223, forming strong turbulence. At the same time, it can also balance the stress deformation of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 after the baffle plate 52 is compressed by the battery cell 21, thereby improving the compressive strength of the second plate 522. In addition, the lengths of the first part 5221 and the third part 5223 can be set to be equal, which can improve the symmetry of the overall structure of the second plate 522, help to make the first part 5221 and the second part 5222 bear forces evenly, and further enhance the compressive strength of the second plate 522.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 9The base plate 11 includes a support plate 111 and a flow channel plate 112. The support plate 111 and the flow channel plate 112 are connected to form an input flow channel 11a. The support plate 111 has a plurality of second input ports 1111 spaced apart. The second input ports 1111 are connected to the input flow channel 11a and the heat exchange channel 211.

[0053] Specifically, the base plate 11 is configured as a double-layer composite structure comprising a support plate 111 and a flow channel plate 112. The support plate 111 is located above the flow channel plate 112. The support plate 111 is in direct contact with the bottom of the battery cell 21. The bottom of the battery cell 21 and the support plate 111 can be fixedly connected by bonding with thermally conductive adhesive. The flow channel plate 112 is located below the support plate 111. The flow channel plate 112 and the support plate 111 are sealed together, and the two can enclose a closed input flow channel 11a. By configuring the base plate 11 as a double-layer plate structure composed of the support plate 111 and the flow channel plate 112, not only is the forming of the input flow channel 11a facilitated, but the supporting strength of the bottom of the housing 1 can also be guaranteed.

[0054] Furthermore, the support plate 111 can be in the form of, but is not limited to, aluminum alloy sheet. Multiple second inlet ports 1111 can be machined onto the support plate 111. Each second inlet port 1111 vertically penetrates the support plate 111, achieving direct communication between the input flow channel 11a and the heat exchange channel 211, eliminating flow resistance and ensuring smooth fluid flow. The second inlet ports 1111 are arranged at equal intervals. The positions of the second inlet ports 1111 correspond one-to-one with the bottom inlet of the heat exchange channel 211. The shape of the second inlet ports 1111 can be designed as circular, square, or elliptical. The effective hydraulic diameter of the second inlet ports 1111 is controlled within the range of 1mm to 5mm. By controlling the effective hydraulic diameter of the second inlet ports 1111 within the range of 1mm to 5mm, it helps save space in the battery cell 21 in the first direction X, while also controlling the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid entering the heat exchange channel 211, avoiding the problem of insufficient heat exchange within the heat exchange channel 211 due to excessively high flow velocity.

[0055] It should be noted that the input flow channel 11a formed by the support plate 111 and the flow channel plate 112 has a tree-like stepped flow distribution structure. An input end 13 located outside the housing 1 can also be provided on the support plate 111. The input end 13 is connected to the input flow channel 11a and is also connected to an external circulating cooling system, thereby allowing the low-temperature heat exchange liquid to be transported into the input flow channel 11a. Through the tree-like stepped flow distribution structure, the input flow channel 11a can be progressively divided into multiple branch channels, and each branch channel corresponds to a second input port 1111, thus ensuring that the heat exchange liquid can be evenly distributed into each heat exchange channel 211.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 13The battery pack is also provided with a support member 6, which is embedded between the base plate 11 and the battery cell 21 along the first direction X. The support member 6 is provided with protrusions 61 arranged at intervals and located in the gap 210. The protrusions 61 are provided with through holes 611 that communicate with the second input port 1111.

[0057] Specifically, the support member 6 can be embedded along the first direction X between the support plate 111 of the base plate 11 and the bottom of the battery cell 21. The support member 6 can be made of materials including but not limited to flexible materials. In practical applications, the support member 6 can be made of materials such as foam, rubber, or PC (Polycarbonate) plastic. The thickness of the support member 6 can be 0.3mm to 0.5mm. By setting the support member 6 between the bottom of the battery cell 21 and the support plate 111, the height of the adhesive layer between the battery cell 21 and the base plate 11 can be controlled, avoiding the adhesive layer from being too thick and affecting the heat exchange between the battery cell 21 and the base plate 11.

[0058] Furthermore, the upper surface of the support member 6 may be integrally formed with protrusions 61. The protrusions 61 are evenly spaced on the support member 6, and are located directly below the gap 210 in the third direction Z. The height of the protrusions 61 can be 1mm to 3mm, and the width can be 5mm to 20mm. A through-hole 611 is formed in the center of each protrusion 61. The size of the through-hole 611 matches the second inlet 1111 of the support plate 111, ensuring that the through-hole 611 can be fully connected to the second inlet 1111, and ensuring that the heat exchange liquid can smoothly enter the heat exchange channel 211 through the second inlet 1111.

[0059] Thus, by providing protrusions 61 on the support member 6 and positioning them around the second input port 1111, a barrier is formed around the second input port 1111. When the battery cell 21 is bonded to the base plate 11 with thermally conductive adhesive, excess adhesive will be blocked by the protrusions 61, preventing it from entering the through-hole 611 and the second input port 1111. This helps solve the problem of excess adhesive blocking the second input port 1111 when the battery cell 21 and the base plate 11 are fixed. In addition, the flexible design of the support member 6 can buffer the assembly tolerances of the battery cell 21, facilitating the assembly of the battery cell 21.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 The flow divider 3 has a first cavity 32 and a second cavity 33, which are connected. A first inlet 31 is formed on the cavity wall of the first cavity 32, and a first outlet 34 is formed on the cavity wall of the second cavity 33. The first outlet 34 is used to discharge the heat exchange liquid from the second cavity 33.

[0061] Specifically, the flow divider 3 can be a plate-like structure. The flow divider 3 can be made of materials including but not limited to nylon 11, which has strong corrosion resistance, allowing the flow divider 3 to be adapted to the environment of the heat exchange liquid.

[0062] The distributor 3 can have a first cavity 32 and a second cavity 33 inside. The first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33 are interconnected, thus forming a two-stage confluence structure within the distributor 3. Multiple spaced first inlet ports 31 are formed on the side wall of the first cavity 32 near the battery module 2. The heat exchange liquid after heat exchange can enter the first cavity 32 through the first inlet ports 31, thus completing the first-stage confluence. In the third direction Z, the second cavity 33 is located at the top of the first cavity 32, and the second cavity 33 can serve as a second-stage confluence chamber. The heat exchange liquid enters the second cavity 33 from the first cavity 32, completing the second-stage confluence. A first outlet port 34 can be formed on the side wall of the second cavity 33, which can subsequently be connected to an external circulating cooling system via a connecting pipe 15, facilitating the circulating cooling of the heat exchange liquid.

[0063] Thus, through the cooperation of the first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33, a two-stage flow-combining structure can be formed in the flow divider 3, thereby effectively balancing the liquid flow rate of each heat exchange channel 211, avoiding excessive or insufficient local flow, which helps to keep the heat exchange efficiency of each battery cell 21 roughly consistent, and further improves the temperature uniformity of the battery cell 21.

[0064] Furthermore, the thickness of the diverter 3 can be from 5mm to 8mm. The width of the first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33 can be from 3mm to 5mm. The wall thickness of the first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33 can be from 1.5mm to 2.5mm. This ensures the structural strength of the diverter 3 and its internal first and second cavities 33, reducing the risk of structural deformation.

[0065] It should be noted that the volume of the first chamber 32 can be set to be smaller than the volume of the second chamber 33. The first chamber 32 is used to quickly collect the heat exchange liquid flowing out from each heat exchange channel 211. The second chamber 33 is used to stabilize the fluid pressure in the diverter 3, which helps to prevent fluctuations in the heat exchange liquid flowing out from the first outlet 34.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 15The first output port 34 is located at the end near the second cavity 33. A plurality of spaced-apart ports 35 are formed between the first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33. The flow area of ​​the port 35 near the first output port 34 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the port 35 far from the first output port 34.

[0067] Specifically, to achieve uniform flow distribution and eliminate flow deviation within the diverter 3, the first output port 34 is located near the end of the second cavity 33. In this embodiment, the first output port 34 is located at the end of the second cavity 33 and near the top. A partition 36 may be provided between the first cavity 32 and the second cavity 33. Diverter ports 35 are formed on the partition 36, and the diverter ports 35 are arranged at equal intervals along the length of the diverter 3.

[0068] The flow area of ​​the branch port 35 adopts a gradual design. That is, the flow area of ​​the branch port 35 closest to the first output port 34 is the smallest, and the flow area of ​​the branch port 35 furthest from the first output port 34 is the largest. The flow area of ​​the branch port 35 between the smallest and largest flow areas gradually decreases from the furthest to the first output port 34. Specifically, after the heat exchange liquid flows into the second cavity 33 from the branch port 35, it flows towards the first output port 34. Since the fluid resistance of the branch port 35 near the first output port 34 is small, the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid in the branch port 35 near the first output port 34 tends to be larger. By reducing the flow area of ​​the branch port 35 near the first output port 34 and increasing the flow area of ​​the branch port 35 far from the first output port 34, the difference in fluid resistance can be compensated, so that the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid at each branch port 35 is approximately consistent.

[0069] Thus, by setting the first output port 34 at the end of the second cavity 33 and gradually reducing the flow area of ​​the branch port 35 from away from the first output port 34 to near the first output port 34, it helps to balance the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid entering the second cavity 33 from the first cavity 32 through each branch port 35. It also helps to keep the flow rate of the heat exchange liquid entering the first cavity 32 from multiple first input ports 31 consistent. To a certain extent, it can reduce the deviation of the heat exchange liquid flow rate in each heat exchange channel 211, improve the consistency of cooling of different battery cells 21, and solve the problems of large temperature difference and poor temperature consistency of battery cells 21 near the heat exchange liquid inlet and outlet in the immersion cooling method.

[0070] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 Each adjacent battery module 2 is provided with a flow divider 3, which is located inside the housing 1. The bottom plate 11 forms an output flow channel 11b, which is configured to connect to the first output port 34, so that the heat exchange liquid can be discharged from the flow divider 3 to the outside of the housing 1.

[0071] Specifically, when the battery pack contains multiple rows of battery modules 2, a shunt 3 is installed between each adjacent row of battery modules 2. All shunt 3 are built into the housing 1, thereby making full use of the space between adjacent rows of battery modules 2 and avoiding additional volume increase of the battery pack. In this embodiment, an output channel 11b can also be formed inside the base plate 11. The output channel 11b is independent of the input channel 11a and does not interfere with each other. The input channel 11a is responsible for the liquid inlet of the housing 1, and the output channel 11b is responsible for the liquid outlet of the housing 1, which helps the battery pack form a closed-loop cooling circuit. A second output port 1112 is formed inside the housing 1 of the output channel 11b, and an output end 14 is formed outside the housing 1 of the output channel 11b. The first output ports 34 of the flow dividers 3 located inside the housing 1 are connected by connecting pipes 15. One of these connecting pipes 15 can then be connected to a second output port 1112, allowing the heat exchange liquid discharged from the multiple flow dividers 3 to be collected and transported to the output channel 11b. The heat exchange liquid can then be discharged outside the housing 1 through the output channel 11b. The output end 14 can be connected to an external circulating refrigeration system, facilitating the circulating cooling of the heat exchange liquid.

[0072] It should be noted that the connecting pipe 15 used to connect to the second output port 1112 can be a tee pipe, with the three ports of the tee pipe connected to the second output port 1112 and the first output port 34 of the diverter 3 located on both sides of the second output port 1112, respectively. The connecting pipe 15 used to connect to the first output port 34 of the adjacent diverter 3 can be a straight pipe, with the two ports of the straight pipe connected to the first output port 34 of the adjacent diverter 3, respectively.

[0073] In this embodiment, the housing 1 may also be provided with multiple baffles 9 arranged along the second direction Y. A baffle 9 is provided between each adjacent shunt component 3. The two ends of the baffle 9 are fixedly connected to the shunt components 3 on both sides. The first output port 34 may be located on the side of the baffle 9 away from the battery module 2, and the second output port 1112 may also be located on the side of the baffle 9 away from the battery module 2. That is, the first output port 34 and the second output port 1112 are located on the same side of the baffle 9, and can be isolated from the battery module 2 by the baffle 9. The connecting pipe 15 can be arranged inside the housing 1 on the side of the baffle 9 away from the battery module 2. Thus, by placing the shunt components 3 inside the housing 1, the external pipeline layout of the housing 1 can be simplified, improving the neatness of the battery pack and enhancing the safety of the battery pack.

[0074] In an alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 16 Each adjacent row of battery modules 2 is provided with an isolation component 7. In the second direction Y, the current shunt 3 is located on one side of the two outermost rows of battery modules 2. The current shunt 3 is partially located inside the housing 1, and the first output port 34 is located outside the housing 1.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, the shunt 3 between two adjacent rows of battery modules 2 can be replaced with an isolator 7. The isolator 7 can be in the form of an epoxy resin board or an insulating plastic board. By setting the isolator 7, not only can the adjacent rows of battery modules 2 be electrically isolated to avoid short circuits between the battery cells 21 of the adjacent rows of battery modules 2, but the adjacent battery modules 2 can also be mechanically fixed, improving the stability of the battery modules 2 in the housing 1 and preventing the battery modules 2 from shaking in the housing 1.

[0076] Furthermore, in the second direction Y, shunt components 3 are only installed on the outermost two rows of battery modules 2, and the shunt components 3 adopt a semi-integrated installation method. That is, the main body of the shunt component 3 is located inside the housing 1, and the end of the shunt component 3 with the first output port 34 is located outside the housing 1. Thus, the first output port 34 of the shunt component 3 can be connected to the external circulating cooling system through the connecting pipe 15 outside the housing 1. In this way, by setting the separator 7 between adjacent battery modules 2 and setting the shunt components 3 on the outermost two rows of battery modules 2, so that the end of the shunt component 3 with the first output port 34 extends outside the housing 1, not only can the number of shunt components 3 and connecting pipes 15 be reduced, thus reducing the overall cost of the battery pack, but also the semi-integrated installation method of the shunt components 3 helps to simplify the sealing structure inside the housing 1, reduce the risk of leakage of heat exchange liquid inside the shunt component 3, and eliminate the need to process complex output channels 11b on the base plate 11, making the processing more difficult and improving the assembly efficiency of the battery pack to a certain extent.

[0077] According to a second aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, including a vehicle body and a battery pack installed within the vehicle body. This vehicle possesses all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned battery pack, which will not be elaborated further herein.

[0078] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0080] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0081] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, The battery pack has intersecting first direction (X) and second direction (Y), and the battery pack includes: Box (1), the box (1) includes a bottom plate (11); The battery module (2) is housed in the housing (1). The battery module (2) includes a plurality of battery cells (21) arranged along a first direction (X). Each battery cell (21) has a gap (210) formed on both sides in the first direction (X). Each gap (210) has a heat exchange channel (211) formed in it. Diverter (3), the diverter (3) is disposed on at least one side of the battery module (2) in the second direction (Y), the diverter (3) is provided with first inlets (31) arranged at intervals, each first inlet (31) is connected to at least one gap (210) so that the first inlet (31) can receive heat exchange liquid flowing out from the corresponding heat exchange channel (211), the diverter (3) is configured to discharge heat exchange liquid from the housing (1); The base plate (11) has an input channel (11a) configured to deliver heat exchange liquid into the gap (210), so that the heat exchange liquid can enter the diverter (3) after passing through the heat exchange channel (211) and the first inlet (31) in sequence.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack has a third direction (Z) that intersects both the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y). A buffer (4) is provided in the gap (210), and the buffer (4) is configured to extend along the third direction (Z) to form the heat exchange channel (211) arranged along the third direction (Z) in the gap (210).

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, A turbulence-disrupting element (5) is provided in the heat exchange channel (211), and the turbulence-disrupting element (5) is configured to disturb the heat exchange liquid flowing in the heat exchange channel (211).

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The turbulence-disrupting element (5) includes a plurality of turbulence-disrupting blocks (51), which are spaced apart within the heat exchange channel (211).

5. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The spoiler (5) includes a spoiler (52), which includes a first plate (521) and a second plate (522). The first plate (521) and the second plate (522) are alternately arranged and connected end to end in sequence. The first plate (521) and the second plate (522) are arranged at an angle.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second plate (522) includes a first part (5221), a second part (5222) and a third part (5223). The second part (5222) is connected to one side of the first part (5221) and the third part (5223) respectively, and the second part (5222) is set at an angle to the first part (5221) and the third part (5223) respectively. The side of the first part (5221) and the third part (5223) away from the second part (5222) is connected to the first plate (521) respectively.

7. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (11) includes a support plate (111) and a flow channel plate (112). The support plate (111) and the flow channel plate (112) are connected to form the input flow channel (11a). The support plate (111) has a plurality of second inlets (1111) spaced apart. The second inlets (1111) connect the input flow channel (11a) and the heat exchange channel (211).

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The battery pack is also provided with a support member (6), which is embedded between the base plate (11) and the battery cell (21) along the first direction (X). The support member (6) is provided with protrusions (61) arranged at intervals and located in the gap (210). The protrusions (61) are provided with through holes (611) communicating with the second input port (1111).

9. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diverter (3) has a first cavity (32) and a second cavity (33) formed inside. The first cavity (32) and the second cavity (33) are connected. The first inlet (31) is formed on the cavity wall of the first cavity (32). The second cavity (33) has a first outlet (34) formed on the cavity wall. The first outlet (34) is used to discharge the heat exchange liquid from the second cavity (33).

10. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first output port (34) is located at the end near the second cavity (33). A plurality of spaced-apart shunt ports (35) are formed between the first cavity (32) and the second cavity (33). The flow area of ​​the shunt port (35) near the first output port (34) is smaller than the flow area of ​​the shunt port (35) far from the first output port (34).

11. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, A diversion component (3) is provided between adjacent rows of battery modules (2). The diversion components (3) are all located inside the housing (1). The bottom plate (11) forms an output channel (11b). The output channel (11b) is configured to connect to the first output port (34), so that the heat exchange liquid can be discharged from the diversion component (3) to the outside of the housing (1).

12. The battery pack according to claim 9, characterized in that, An isolation component (7) is provided between adjacent rows of battery modules (2). In the second direction (Y), the shunt component (3) is located on one side of the two outermost rows of battery modules (2). The shunt component (3) is partially located inside the housing (1), and the first output port (34) is located outside the housing (1).

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the vehicle body and the battery pack as described in any one of claims 1-9, which is installed within the vehicle body.

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