Battery cooling control method, device, system, apparatus, and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a battery cooling control method, device, system, equipment and storage medium, relating to the technical field of battery. The method comprises: acquiring real-time working condition parameters of the battery, the real-time working condition parameters at least comprising an ambient temperature, a real-time state of charge and a maximum battery cell temperature; determining an initial coolant temperature according to the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge; determining a target coolant temperature according to the real-time state of charge, the maximum battery cell temperature and the initial coolant temperature; and controlling the cooling system to operate according to the target coolant temperature and a current coolant temperature. The present disclosure dynamically adjusts the target coolant temperature through the real-time working condition parameters of the battery, so that the cooling process can be adaptively adjusted in real time following the dynamic change of the battery cell heat generation, effectively reducing the fluctuation range of the battery cell temperature and reducing the unnecessary energy consumption of the cooling system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cooling control method, a battery cooling control device, an energy storage system, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] As battery energy density increases, current energy storage cells face challenges in thermal stability.

[0003] In related technologies, thermal management systems (TMS) typically employ fixed threshold control and static lookup table strategies. However, these control methods are prone to problems such as cooling capacity mismatch and low thermal management efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a battery cooling control method, apparatus, system, device, and storage medium, which at least to some extent overcomes the problems of mismatched cooling power and low thermal management efficiency that are common in energy storage thermal management strategies provided in related technologies.

[0005] Other features and advantages of this disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part from practice of this disclosure.

[0006] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a battery cooling control method is provided, applied to a cooling system for cooling a battery. The method includes: acquiring real-time operating parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating parameters include at least ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature; determining an initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge; determining a target coolant temperature based on the real-time state of charge, the maximum cell temperature, and the initial coolant temperature; and controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature.

[0007] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge includes: querying a pre-constructed first correspondence table, and determining the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge, wherein the first correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the ambient temperature, the state of charge, and the initial coolant temperature.

[0008] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the target coolant temperature is determined by the following formula: ; in, The target coolant temperature, This is the initial coolant temperature. For real-time state of charge, Maximum cell temperature, and This is a correction factor.

[0009] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling system includes an active cooling device; the real-time operating parameters further include a target operating state and a real-time current value; wherein, controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature includes: in response to entering an active cooling mode, determining a target cooling level based on the target operating state, the real-time current value, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature; determining a first operating parameter of the active cooling device based on the target cooling level; and adjusting the operating parameter using a PID algorithm based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature to control the operation of the active cooling device.

[0010] In some embodiments of this disclosure, determining the target cooling level based on the target operating state, the real-time current value, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature includes: determining a second correspondence table based on the target operating state and the real-time current value, wherein the second correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the battery's state of charge and maximum cell temperature and the cooling level under the target operating state and the real-time current value; querying the second correspondence table, and determining the target cooling level based on the current value and the maximum cell temperature.

[0011] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: dividing the current value into multiple current levels according to the operating state of the battery, and constructing a second correspondence table for each current level.

[0012] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the second correspondence table includes multiple cooling levels, including a first cooling level and a second cooling level. The first operating parameter includes a first sub-operating parameter and a second sub-operating parameter. The first cooling level corresponds to at least one set of first sub-operating parameters of the active cooling device, and the second cooling level corresponds to at least one set of second sub-operating parameters of the active cooling device. The first cooling level is lower than the second cooling level, and the cooling capacity generated by the active cooling device operating with the first sub-operating parameter is less than the cooling capacity generated by operating with the second sub-operating parameter.

[0013] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the active cooling device includes a liquid pump, a compressor, and a condenser fan; the cooling system includes a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit, the coolant circuit being connected to a cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and a heat exchanger, and the refrigerant circuit being connected to the heat exchanger, the compressor, and a condenser, the condenser being correspondingly arranged with the condenser fan; wherein, the first operating parameter includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump, the frequency of the compressor, and the rotational speed of the condenser fan.

[0014] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling system further includes a natural cooling device; controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature includes: in response to entering a natural cooling mode, determining a second operating parameter of the natural cooling device based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature; and controlling the natural cooling device to operate with the second operating parameter.

[0015] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the natural cooling device includes a liquid pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, and a solenoid valve; the cooling system includes a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit, the coolant circuit being connected to a cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and a heat exchanger, the refrigerant circuit being connected to the heat exchanger, the coolant circuit also including a coolant branch, the two ends of the coolant branch being connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger respectively; the coolant branch being connected to the radiator and the solenoid valve, the radiator being correspondingly arranged with the cooling fan; the second operating parameter includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump and the rotational speed of the cooling fan.

[0016] In some embodiments of this disclosure, entering the active cooling mode includes: if the cooling system does not have a natural cooling device, or if the cooling system has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions, then entering the active cooling mode.

[0017] In some embodiments of this disclosure, entering the natural cooling mode includes: if the cooling system has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature meets preset cooling conditions, then entering the natural cooling mode.

[0018] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the target coolant temperature, then determining that the ambient temperature meets the preset cooling conditions; if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature, then determining that the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions.

[0019] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a battery cooling control device is also provided, applied to a cooling system for cooling a battery. The device includes: an operating condition parameter acquisition module for acquiring real-time operating condition parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating condition parameters include at least ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature; an initial temperature determination module for determining an initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge of the battery; a target temperature correction module for determining a target coolant temperature based on the real-time state of charge of the battery, the maximum cell temperature, and the initial coolant temperature; and a cooling control module for controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature.

[0020] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an energy storage system is also provided, including a battery and a cooling system, wherein the cooling system cools the battery using the battery cooling control method described above.

[0021] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling system includes an active cooling device, which includes a liquid pump, a compressor, and a condenser fan; the cooling system includes a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit, the coolant circuit is connected to a cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and a heat exchanger, and the refrigerant circuit is connected to the heat exchanger, the compressor, and a condenser, with the condenser and the condenser fan being configured accordingly.

[0022] In some embodiments of this disclosure, the cooling system further includes a natural cooling device, which includes the liquid pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, and a solenoid valve; the coolant circuit further includes a coolant branch, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger; the coolant branch is connected to the radiator and the solenoid valve, and the radiator and the cooling fan are correspondingly arranged.

[0023] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the battery cooling control method of the above embodiments.

[0024] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the battery cooling control method of the above embodiments.

[0025] According to another aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the battery cooling control method of any of the above.

[0026] In this embodiment, by collecting real-time operating parameters of the battery, dynamically adjusting the target coolant temperature, and controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the adjusted target coolant temperature, the inherent characteristics of the energy storage cell—large heat capacity and slow temperature rise rate—can be accurately adapted. This allows the battery cooling process to adaptively adjust in real time according to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation, effectively reducing cell temperature fluctuations, minimizing unnecessary cooling power consumption, reducing operating noise of the cooling equipment, further improving the operational stability of the cooling system, reducing energy consumption, adapting to various battery thermal management scenarios, providing reliable assurance for the efficient and safe operation of the battery, and simultaneously improving the stability of the energy storage system.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates the structure of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Figure 2 A flowchart of a battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 3 A flowchart of another battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of a cooling system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a flowchart of yet another battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another cooling system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown.

[0035] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates an example flowchart of a battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0036] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates an example flowchart of another battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0037] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the structure of a battery cooling control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 10 This diagram illustrates the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0040] The terms "first" and "second" used in this document are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0041] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or reference letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various implementations and / or arrangements discussed.

[0043] Because the energy we need is highly time- and space-dependent, in order to utilize energy rationally and improve energy efficiency, it is necessary to store one form of energy in the same way or by converting it into another, and then release it in a specific energy form based on future application needs. Currently, the main way to generate green electricity is to develop green energy sources such as photovoltaics and wind power to replace fossil fuels.

[0044] Currently, the generation of green electricity generally relies on solar, wind, and hydropower. However, wind and solar power are generally characterized by strong intermittency and large fluctuations, which can cause grid instability, insufficient power during peak demand periods, and excessive power during off-peak periods. Unstable voltage can also damage the power grid. Therefore, insufficient electricity demand or insufficient grid capacity may lead to the problem of "wind and solar curtailment." Solving these problems requires energy storage. This involves converting electrical energy into other forms of energy through physical or chemical means and storing it. When needed, this energy can be converted back into electrical energy and released. Simply put, energy storage is like a large "power bank," storing electrical energy when solar and wind power are abundant and releasing the stored electricity when needed.

[0045] Taking electrochemical energy storage as an example, this solution provides an energy storage device 110, which is applied to the energy storage system 100. The energy storage device 110 is equipped with a set of chemical batteries, which mainly use the chemical elements in the batteries as energy storage medium. The charging and discharging process is accompanied by the chemical reaction or change of the energy storage medium. Simply put, the electrical energy generated by wind and solar energy is stored in the chemical batteries. When the use of external electrical energy reaches its peak, the stored electrical energy is released for use, or transferred to places with a shortage of electricity for use.

[0046] Current energy storage applications are quite widespread, including generation-side energy storage, grid-side energy storage, and consumption-side energy storage. The corresponding types of energy storage devices 110 include: (1) Large-scale energy storage power stations (including multiple prefabricated energy storage modules) applied to wind power and photovoltaic power stations can help renewable energy power generation meet grid connection requirements and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a high-quality active / reactive power regulation power source on the power supply side, energy storage power stations can achieve load matching of power in time and space, enhance the renewable energy absorption capacity, reduce instantaneous power changes, reduce the impact on the power grid, improve the absorption of new energy power generation, and are of great significance in power grid system backup, alleviating peak load power supply pressure and peak regulation and frequency regulation. (2) The energy storage prefabricated cabin applied on the grid side mainly functions as peak regulation, frequency regulation and grid congestion relief. In terms of peak regulation, it can realize peak shaving and valley filling of electricity load, that is, charging the energy storage battery when the electricity load is low and releasing the stored electricity during the peak electricity load period, thereby achieving a balance between power production and consumption. (3) Small energy storage cabinets applied to the electricity consumption side mainly function as self-consumption of electricity, peak-valley price arbitrage, capacity cost management, and improvement of power supply reliability. Depending on the application scenario, electricity consumption side energy storage can be divided into industrial and commercial energy storage cabinets, household energy storage devices, energy storage charging piles, etc., which are generally used in conjunction with distributed photovoltaics. Industrial and commercial users can use energy storage for peak-valley price arbitrage and capacity cost management. In the electricity market implementing peak-valley pricing, by charging the energy storage system when the electricity price is low and discharging the energy storage system when the electricity price is high, peak-valley price arbitrage can be achieved, reducing electricity costs. In addition, industrial enterprises subject to two-part tariffs can use energy storage systems to store energy during off-peak hours and discharge during peak loads, thereby reducing peak power and the maximum demand declared, achieving the goal of reducing capacity costs. Household photovoltaics with energy storage can improve the level of self-consumption of electricity. Due to high electricity prices and poor power supply stability, the demand for household photovoltaic installations is driven. Given that photovoltaic power generation occurs during the day, while user load is generally higher at night, configuring energy storage can better utilize photovoltaic power, improve self-consumption levels, and reduce electricity costs. Furthermore, energy storage is needed in areas such as communication base stations and data centers for backup power.

[0047] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system 100 according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 And this application Figure 1 The embodiments are illustrated using a shared energy storage scenario on the generation / distribution side as an example. The energy storage device in this application is not limited to a prefabricated energy storage module in the generation and distribution energy storage scenario.

[0048] This application provides an energy storage system 100, which includes: a high-voltage cable 120, a first power conversion device 130, a second power conversion device 140, and an energy storage device 110 provided in this application. In some embodiments of the power generation scenario, the second power conversion device 140 can be a wind power conversion device. Since the electricity generated by the wind power conversion device is volatile, random, and intermittent, the unstable electricity output by the wind power conversion device can be stored in the energy storage device 110 through grid connection. The energy storage device 110 is connected to the high-voltage cable 120 and outputs smooth electricity to supply the power consumption side of the distribution network, realizing peak shaving and frequency regulation, and stable grid operation; or, wind power conversion... The power conversion device is always connected to the high-voltage cable 120. Under normal power generation conditions, the power output of the wind power conversion device is supplied to the power consumption side of the distribution network through the high-voltage cable 120. When the current power load is low and the wind power conversion device generates excess power, the excess power is first stored in the energy storage device 110 to reduce wind and solar curtailment rates and improve the problem of new energy power generation consumption. When the power load is high, the power grid issues an instruction to transmit the power stored in the energy storage device 110 together with the high-voltage cable 120 in grid-connected mode to supply power to the power consumption side. This provides the power grid with various services such as peak shaving, frequency regulation, and backup, giving full play to the peak shaving role of the power grid, promoting peak shaving and valley filling, and alleviating the power supply pressure of the power grid.

[0049] In some embodiments on the distribution network side, the first power conversion device 130 can be a photovoltaic panel, and the energy storage device 110 is connected to the photovoltaic panel and installed downstream of the high-voltage cable 120 and between the user load. The electrical energy output by the photovoltaic panel is stored in the energy storage device 110, which can respond in a timely manner to act as a backup power source when the power grid / distribution network fails; or, it can provide power supply support to alleviate line congestion when the high-voltage cable 120 transmission line is blocked, and to delay the economic pressure caused by the expansion of the power grid / distribution capacity when the power grid is planned to be expanded.

[0050] Optionally, the first power conversion device 130 may include, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic panel, and the second power conversion device 140 may include, but is not limited to, a wind power conversion device. The first power conversion device 130 and the second power conversion device 140 can convert at least one of solar energy, light energy, wind energy, thermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0051] Optionally, the energy storage device 110 may include, but is not limited to, energy storage applications such as energy storage power stations, hydropower / thermal / wind power generation systems, solar power generation systems, mobile power systems, smart home systems, or temporary power supply systems, and may also be applied in multiple fields such as data centers, military equipment, aerospace, charging piles, and electric vehicles.

[0052] Optionally, the energy storage device 110 may include battery modules, battery packs, battery clusters, mobile power supplies, energy storage cabinets / prefabricated energy storage compartments, and other battery integrated systems composed of individual battery cells. The actual application form of the energy storage device 110 provided in this application embodiment may be, but is not limited to, the listed products, and may also be other application forms. This application embodiment does not strictly limit the application form of the energy storage device 110.

[0053] Alternatively, the individual battery cell is not limited to at least one of cylindrical, prismatic, prismatic, or other shaped batteries.

[0054] Optionally, the individual battery cell can be a rechargeable battery, which refers to a single battery cell that can be recharged after discharge to activate the active materials and continue to be used. The individual battery cell can be a lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery, sodium-lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, sodium metal battery, lithium-sulfur battery, magnesium-ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery, lead-acid battery, etc., and this application does not specifically limit its type.

[0055] With the increase in battery energy density, especially in power batteries, current energy storage cells are facing challenges in thermal stability.

[0056] During the thermal management process of the energy storage system, the system is powered on, triggering a thermal management mode request. Thermal management modes include automatic mode, cooling mode, heating mode, pump circulation, stop mode, and refueling mode. For cooling mode requests, the target coolant temperature is obtained from the host computer, and the cooling system operation is controlled based on the current and target coolant temperatures.

[0057] In related technologies, thermal management systems (TMS) typically control the cooling system using a fixed target coolant temperature obtained from a host computer and a static lookup table strategy. However, the core control logic of this method is simplistic, and the water temperature control threshold is fixed and cannot be adjusted. This leads to increased power consumption of the energy storage system under different ambient temperatures and operating conditions, specifically manifested in the following aspects: 1. In the current cooling mode, the water temperature control threshold (i.e., the target coolant temperature) of the cooling circuit is fixed, which cannot make full use of the natural cooling resources at low ambient temperatures (such as the non-heating mode trigger point), resulting in increased power consumption. 2. In the current cooling mode, the water temperature control threshold of the cooling circuit is fixed and cannot be adjusted to keep up with the dynamic changes in the heat generation of the battery cell throughout the charging and discharging process, resulting in large fluctuations in the battery cell temperature, which in turn affects the stability of the energy storage system. 3. In the current cooling mode, the compressor frequency, liquid pump speed, and fan speed are fixed, and the control method is simple, which can easily lead to cooling power mismatch and increased energy consumption.

[0058] In summary, the battery cooling control methods in related technologies cannot adapt to the characteristics of large heat capacity and slow temperature rise rate of energy storage cells, nor can they adapt to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation. This can easily lead to problems such as mismatched cooling power, low thermal management efficiency, and large temperature fluctuations in cells. Furthermore, they cannot utilize low-temperature resources in low ambient temperatures, resulting in increased power consumption.

[0059] To address at least some of the aforementioned technical problems, this disclosure provides a battery cooling control method applied to a cooling system for cooling a battery. The method acquires real-time operating parameters of the battery, including at least ambient temperature, real-time state of charge (SOC), and maximum cell temperature. Based on the ambient temperature and SOC, an initial coolant temperature is determined. Based on the SOC, maximum cell temperature, and initial coolant temperature, a target coolant temperature is determined. Based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature, the operation of the cooling system is controlled.

[0060] It should be noted that the battery here can be a battery pack, which is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. In this case, cooling is performed on the battery pack, and the battery cooling control method can include acquiring real-time operating parameters of the battery pack. These real-time operating parameters include at least the ambient temperature of the environment in which the battery pack is located, the real-time state of charge of the battery pack, and the maximum cell temperature of the individual cells within the battery pack. Alternatively, the battery can be a battery cluster, which is composed of multiple battery packs connected in series, and each battery pack is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. In this case, cooling is performed on the battery cluster, and the battery cooling control method can further include acquiring real-time operating parameters of the battery cluster. These real-time operating parameters include at least the ambient temperature of the environment in which the battery cluster is located, the real-time state of charge of the battery cluster, and the maximum cell temperature of the individual cells within the battery cluster. In this disclosure, the embodiments are all described using a battery as an example.

[0061] The battery cooling control method disclosed herein dynamically adjusts the target coolant temperature by collecting real-time operating parameters of the battery and controls the operation of the cooling system based on the adjusted target coolant temperature. This method can accurately adapt to the inherent characteristics of energy storage cells, such as large heat capacity and slow temperature rise rate. It enables the battery cooling process to adaptively adjust in real time according to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation, effectively reducing cell temperature fluctuations, reducing unnecessary cooling power consumption and noise of the cooling equipment, further improving the operational stability of the cooling system, reducing energy consumption, adapting to various battery thermal management scenarios, providing reliable protection for the efficient and safe operation of the battery, and improving the stability of the energy storage system.

[0062] This disclosure provides a battery cooling control method, which can be executed by any electronic device with computing power, such as a thermal management system or cooling system. Figure 4 or Figure 6The cooling system 200 is used as an example for explanation. The cooling system 200 may include a programmable logic controller (PLC) or a microcontroller, as long as it can perform the corresponding functions.

[0063] Figure 2 A flowchart of a battery cooling control method according to an embodiment of this disclosure is shown, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the battery cooling control method provided in this embodiment is applied to a cooling system 200 for cooling a battery. The method includes the following steps S202-S208. Wherein: S202. Obtain the real-time operating parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating parameters include at least the ambient temperature, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature.

[0064] In some embodiments, after the energy storage system is powered on, the battery management system collects real-time operating parameters such as ambient temperature, cell temperature, current value, operating status, and state of charge in real time via the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. The control logic algorithm of this disclosure, i.e., the controller of the cooling system 200, can be integrated into the controller of the battery management system. This allows the battery management system to execute a process to determine the target coolant temperature after collecting the real-time operating parameters, thereby reducing data latency and improving battery cooling efficiency.

[0065] Real-time operating parameters may include, but are not limited to, ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature. Ambient temperature refers to the temperature of the environment in which the energy storage system is located, and further, ambient temperature refers to the temperature of the environment in which the battery is located. Real-time state of charge is used to characterize the ratio of the battery's current remaining charge to its rated capacity, expressed as a percentage. Maximum cell temperature is the maximum cell temperature among multiple cells in the battery.

[0066] S204. Determine the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge.

[0067] In some embodiments, a pre-built first correspondence table is queried to determine the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge. The first correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the ambient temperature, the state of charge, and the initial coolant temperature.

[0068] The first correspondence table is a pre-calibrated two-dimensional correspondence table to characterize the correspondence between ambient temperature, state of charge, and initial coolant temperature. Table 1 shows an example of a first correspondence table.

[0069] Table 1. First Correspondence Table Characterizing the Relationship between Ambient Temperature, State of Charge, and Initial Coolant Temperature

[0070] In some embodiments, the initial coolant temperature is obtained by looking up a first correspondence table using a linear interpolation lookup method based on the real-time state of charge and ambient temperature, as shown in Table 1. The higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the real-time state of charge, and the lower the initial coolant temperature.

[0071] For example, when the ambient temperature is below 10℃ and the real-time state of charge is below 20%, the initial coolant temperature can be set to 19℃; when the ambient temperature is above 35℃ and the real-time state of charge is below 20%, the initial coolant temperature can be set to 18℃. When the ambient temperature is below 10℃ and the real-time state of charge is below 20%, the initial coolant temperature can be set to 19℃; when the ambient temperature is below 10℃ and the real-time state of charge is 30%, the initial coolant temperature can be set to 23℃.

[0072] In this disclosure, the initial coolant temperature is determined by querying a first correspondence table based on the real-time state of charge and ambient temperature. The coolant temperature is then dynamically adjusted according to the real-time state of charge and ambient temperature, enabling the cooling process to be adjusted in real time to follow the dynamic changes in the heat generated by the battery cell. This effectively reduces the fluctuation range of the battery cell temperature, reduces unnecessary cooling power consumption of the cooling system, and thus reduces the energy consumption of the cooling system.

[0073] It should be noted that, in addition to the table lookup method, the initial coolant temperature can also be determined by fitting, machine learning models, etc., for example, by using neural networks or Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. This disclosure does not specifically limit the method of determining the initial coolant temperature based on the state of charge and ambient temperature. In this disclosure, the initial coolant temperature can be quickly determined by looking up the first correspondence table.

[0074] For example, for the fitting method, a two-variable equation can be fitted using the state of charge and ambient temperature as independent variables and the initial coolant temperature as the dependent variable, resulting in a fitted two-variable equation. Substituting the real-time state of charge and ambient temperature into the fitted two-variable equation, the initial coolant temperature can be determined.

[0075] S206. Determine the target coolant temperature based on the real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature, and initial coolant temperature.

[0076] In some embodiments, the target coolant temperature can be determined by the following formula: (Formula 1); in, The target coolant temperature, This is the initial coolant temperature. For real-time state of charge, Maximum cell temperature, and This is a correction factor.

[0077] It should be noted that the correction factor Main control The correction factor is between 1℃ and 2℃. The main purpose is to control Between 1℃ and 5℃, for example, , This disclosure enables precise compensation of the initial coolant temperature and allows for dynamic adjustment in response to changes in cell heat generation during charging and discharging, thereby reducing cell temperature fluctuations and extending cell lifespan.

[0078] It should be noted that the algorithm corresponding to Formula 1 above can also be presented in the form of a two-dimensional table to correlate real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature and initial coolant temperature.

[0079] S208. Control the operation of the cooling system 200 according to the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature.

[0080] In some embodiments, real-time operating parameters of the battery can be acquired at a preset acquisition frequency, the target coolant temperature can be determined based on the real-time operating parameters, and then the operation of the active cooling device can be controlled based on the target coolant temperature. The preset acquisition frequency is consistent with the frequency at which the battery management system acquires real-time operating parameters. Alternatively, an adjustment cycle can be set, in which the target coolant temperature is adjusted once within an adjustment cycle. The adjustment cycle can be determined according to actual needs, for example, every 5 minutes or 10 minutes as an adjustment cycle.

[0081] In practice, if the current coolant temperature is higher than the target coolant temperature, the cooling system 200 is turned on, and the heat generated by the battery is carried away through the condensate circuit 22 to cool the battery until the current coolant temperature is lower than the target coolant temperature, at which point the cooling system 200 is turned off or operates at low power.

[0082] It should be noted that when the current coolant temperature is higher than the target coolant temperature, the corresponding cooling level can be determined based on the difference between the two temperatures. Each cooling level corresponds to a range of temperature differences between the current and target coolant temperatures, and the operating parameters of the cooling system 200 are determined accordingly. For example, the greater the difference between the current and target coolant temperatures, the higher the cooling level, and consequently, the higher the cooling capacity produced by the operating parameters of the cooling system 200.

[0083] In this embodiment, by collecting real-time operating parameters of the battery, dynamically adjusting the target coolant temperature, and controlling the operation of the cooling system 200 based on the adjusted target coolant temperature, the inherent characteristics of the energy storage cell—large heat capacity and slow temperature rise rate—can be accurately adapted. This allows the battery cooling process to adaptively adjust in real time according to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation, effectively reducing cell temperature fluctuations, minimizing unnecessary cooling power consumption of the cooling system 200, reducing operating noise of the cooling equipment, further improving the operational stability of the cooling system 200, reducing energy consumption, adapting to various battery thermal management scenarios, providing reliable assurance for the efficient and safe operation of the battery, and simultaneously improving the stability of the energy storage system.

[0084] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating another battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling system 200 includes an active cooling device, and the real-time operating parameters also include the target operating state and the real-time current value. Specifically, S208 controls the operation of the active cooling device based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature, including: S302. In response to entering active cooling mode, the target cooling level is determined based on the target operating status, real-time current value, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature. S304. Determine the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment based on the target cooling level; S306. Based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature, the first operating parameter is adjusted using a PID algorithm to control the operation of the active cooling equipment.

[0085] In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to collect the target operating state and real-time current value of the battery. The target operating state is used to determine the operating condition of the battery at the current moment. That is, the target operating state can be a charging state, and the corresponding real-time current value is the charging current value; the target operating state can be a discharging state, and the corresponding real-time current value is the discharging current value; the target operating state can also be a quiescent state, and the corresponding real-time current value is the static current or the dormant current.

[0086] Figure 4 This diagram illustrates the structure of a cooling system 200 provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling system 200 includes a refrigerant circuit 21 and a coolant circuit 22. The refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to a heat exchanger 213, a compressor 211, and a condenser 212, with the condenser 212 corresponding to a condenser fan 214. The coolant circuit 22 is connected to a battery cell heat exchange plate 222, a liquid pump 221, and the heat exchanger 213. The active cooling device includes the liquid pump 221, the compressor 211, and the condenser fan 214.

[0087] Active cooling mode refers to the mode of cooling the battery cell using active cooling equipment. Active cooling equipment is a device that uses a compressor 211 to actively cool the battery. For example, active cooling equipment can be a compressor 211 used for refrigeration, combined with a condenser 212, an evaporator, an electronic expansion valve 216, etc., to form a cooling circuit to achieve active cooling of the battery.

[0088] Continue to refer to Figure 4 In the refrigerant circuit 21, a liquid receiver 215 and an electronic expansion valve 216 can also be connected. The liquid receiver 215 is used to store refrigerant, such as carbon dioxide. In addition, a low-pressure temperature sensor and a low-pressure charging valve are connected in the piping between the compressor 211 and the heat exchanger 213; a high-pressure sensor and a pressure switch are connected in the piping between the compressor 211 and the condenser 212; and a high-pressure charging valve and a dryer filter are connected in the piping between the condenser 212 and the electronic expansion valve 216. This disclosure does not specifically limit the specific structure of the refrigerant circuit 21.

[0089] In some embodiments, in the coolant circuit 22, an inlet water temperature sensor, an inlet water pressure sensor, an automatic air vent, a storage tank, etc., may also be connected in the circuit between the liquid pump 221 and the cell heat exchange plate 222; an outlet water pressure sensor, an outlet water temperature sensor, a filter, etc., may also be connected in the circuit between the heat exchanger 213 and the cell heat exchange plate 222. This disclosure does not specifically limit the specific structure of the coolant circuit 22, and the coolant filled in the coolant circuit 22 can be water.

[0090] The primary operating parameters of the active cooling equipment may include, but are not limited to, the speed of the liquid pump 221, the frequency of the compressor 211, the speed of the cooling fan 224, and the speed of the condenser fan 214.

[0091] In some embodiments, a PI controller may be used to execute a proportional-integral-derivative PID algorithm to adjust the first operating parameter according to the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature.

[0092] In practice, the PI controller obtains the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature, and executes the following PI algorithm: Determine the real-time temperature difference based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature: (Formula 2); in, This represents the real-time temperature difference. This is the current coolant temperature. The target coolant temperature; The proportional and integral compensation terms are calculated based on the real-time temperature difference to determine the output of the PI controller, which serves as the target compensation term. (Formula 3); in, For the target compensation amount, This is the proportional gain coefficient; The real-time temperature difference serves as the control deviation. This is the integral gain coefficient; The integral accumulation of the control deviation is used to eliminate steady-state error; Based on the first operating parameter, the target compensation amount, and the preset conversion coefficient, the adjusted operating parameters of the active cooling equipment are obtained: (Formula 4); in, These are the adjusted operating parameters for the active cooling equipment; This is the first running parameter; is the target compensation amount; K is the preset speed conversion coefficient.

[0093] It should be noted that this disclosure does not limit the specific implementation method of adjusting the first operating parameter through the PID algorithm.

[0094] In this embodiment, the heat load is predicted by the target operating state, real-time current value, real-time state of charge and maximum cell temperature, thereby improving response efficiency, accurately matching the target cooling level and significantly reducing the risk of overheating under extreme conditions. First, the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment are determined according to the target cooling level. Then, the first operating parameters are dynamically adjusted by the PID algorithm to achieve precise control of the coolant temperature, suppress temperature oscillation, and improve adaptability to all operating conditions.

[0095] In some embodiments, S302 above determines the target cooling level based on the target operating state, real-time current value, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature, including: determining a second correspondence table based on the target operating state and real-time current value, wherein the second correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the battery's state of charge and maximum cell temperature and the cooling level under the target operating state and real-time current value; querying the second correspondence table to determine the target cooling level based on the real-time state of charge and maximum cell temperature. By querying the second correspondence table, the target cooling level can be quickly determined, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cooling level according to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation, effectively reducing cooling energy consumption.

[0096] In practical implementation, the current value can be divided into multiple current levels according to the battery's operating state. For each current level, a second correspondence table is constructed. For example, for the charging state, the charging current is divided into three levels: low, medium, and high. Low corresponds to a charging current <1C, medium corresponds to a charging current between 1C and 3C, and high corresponds to a charging current >3C. The current levels for the discharging and resting states are divided in a similar way to those for the charging state, and will not be elaborated here.

[0097] For different operating states and current levels, a second correspondence table is constructed to characterize the relationship between the battery's state of charge (SOC) and maximum cell temperature and cooling level. This disclosure designs a two-dimensional correspondence table based on the operating state and current level. For complex charging and discharging conditions, the number of tables can be dynamically increased to improve control accuracy. For example, six second correspondence tables are constructed for charging, discharging, and three current levels. Table 2 shows the second correspondence table between the battery's SOC and maximum cell temperature and cooling level when the battery is charging and the charging current is at a medium level.

[0098] Table 2 Examples of the Second Correspondence Relationship

[0099] In Table 2, -1, 0, 1, and 2 represent the cooling level, where -1 represents the heating level, 0 represents no cooling or active cooling equipment in standby mode, 1 represents low-power cooling, and 2 represents high-power cooling.

[0100] In some embodiments, the target cooling level is obtained by determining a second correspondence table based on the target operating state and real-time current value, and then looking up the second correspondence table using a linear interpolation lookup method based on the real-time state of charge and the maximum cell temperature. Specifically, under charging conditions and with a low charging current, a higher maximum cell temperature and a higher real-time state of charge result in a higher cooling level.

[0101] In some embodiments, the second correspondence table includes multiple cooling levels, including a first cooling level and a second cooling level. The first operating parameter includes a first sub-operating parameter and a second sub-operating parameter. The first cooling level corresponds to at least one set of first sub-operating parameters of active cooling equipment, and the second cooling level corresponds to at least one set of second sub-operating parameters of active cooling equipment. The first cooling level is lower than the second cooling level, and the cooling capacity generated by the active cooling equipment operating with the first operating parameter is less than the cooling capacity generated by operating with the second operating parameter.

[0102] The first cooling level is the low cooling level, and the second cooling level is the high cooling level. The higher the cooling level, the more severe the operating conditions of the battery cell, and correspondingly, the higher the required cooling capacity. For example, the first cooling level is 1, and the second cooling level is 2.

[0103] For a cooling level, there can be at least one set of first operating parameters for active cooling equipment. When a cooling level corresponds to multiple sets of operating parameters for active cooling equipment, the cooling capacity generated by the active cooling equipment is the same or close when each set of operating parameters is used.

[0104] For example, for the first refrigeration level, there are two sets of operating parameters for the active cooling equipment. The first set of operating parameters includes: the speed of the liquid pump 221 is V1, and the frequency of the compressor 211 is P1; the second set of operating parameters includes: the speed of the liquid pump 221 is V2, the frequency of the compressor 211 is P2, and the speed of the condenser fan 214 is adjusted according to the high pressure at the outlet of the compressor 211, wherein V1 > V2 and P1 < P2. In this disclosure, the first set of operating parameters is preferentially used as the default operating parameters.

[0105] The higher the speed of the liquid pump 221 and the higher the frequency of the compressor 211, the greater the cooling capacity of the active cooling equipment.

[0106] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by configuring multiple cooling levels and configuring at least one set of first operating parameters for active cooling equipment for each cooling level, the operating parameters of the active cooling equipment can be automatically adjusted when the cooling capacity does not match the heat load, thereby avoiding over-cooling or insufficient cooling capacity and improving system energy efficiency.

[0107] In some embodiments, the active cooling device includes a liquid pump 221, a compressor 211, and a condenser fan 214; the cooling system 200 includes a coolant circuit 22 and a refrigerant circuit 21, the coolant circuit 22 is connected to a cell heat exchange plate 222, the liquid pump 221, and a heat exchanger 213, the refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to a heat exchanger 213, a compressor 211, and a condenser 212, the condenser 212 and the condenser fan 214 are correspondingly arranged; wherein, the first operating parameter of the active cooling device includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump 221, the frequency of the compressor 211, and the rotational speed of the condenser fan 214.

[0108] In specific implementation, after determining the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment, the compressor 211 is started, and PID adjustment is performed according to the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature. The condenser fan 214 is adjusted according to the high pressure at the outlet of the compressor 211, and the liquid pump 221 outputs according to the flow-pressure difference calibration value. This disclosure does not limit the control method for controlling the active cooling equipment to operate with the first operating parameters.

[0109] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by determining the active cooling device and then determining multiple sets of first operating parameters of the active cooling device, fine-grained adjustment can be achieved, making it easier to match the cooling capacity with the heat load, improving system energy efficiency. Combined with the dynamic adjustment of the target coolant temperature, the temperature distribution of the battery can be further balanced, avoiding local overheating and thermal runaway, and effectively improving the stability of the energy storage system.

[0110] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a flowchart of yet another battery cooling control method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling system 200 further includes a natural cooling device, wherein the battery cooling control method of this disclosure embodiment further includes: S502. In response to entering the natural cooling mode, determine the second operating parameters of the natural coolant equipment based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature; S504. Control the natural cooling equipment to operate with the second operating parameters.

[0111] Natural cooling mode refers to a mode in which the battery is cooled using natural cooling equipment. Natural cooling equipment refers to equipment that actively cools the battery by utilizing low-temperature environmental resources.

[0112] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another cooling system 200 provided in an embodiment of this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the natural cooling device includes a liquid pump 221, a radiator 223, a cooling fan 224, and a solenoid valve 225; the cooling system 200 includes a refrigerant circuit 21 and a coolant circuit 22. The coolant circuit 22 is connected to a cell heat exchange plate 222, a liquid pump 221, and a heat exchanger 213. The refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to the heat exchanger 213. The coolant circuit 22 also includes a coolant branch, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 213. The coolant branch is connected to the radiator 223 and the solenoid valve 225. The radiator 223 and the cooling fan 224 are correspondingly arranged. The second operating parameter includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump 221 and the rotational speed of the cooling fan 224.

[0113] In some embodiments, the second operating parameters of the natural cooling device can be dynamically adjusted based on the difference between the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature. For example, if the target coolant temperature is 20°C and the current coolant temperature is 26°C, the difference between the two is 6°C, then the determined second operating parameters are: the speed of the liquid pump 221 is V10 and the speed of the cooling fan 224 is V20; if the current coolant temperature is 24°C and the difference between the two is 4°C, then the determined second operating parameters are: the speed of the liquid pump 221 is V11 and the speed of the cooling fan 224 is V21, wherein V10 > V11 and V20 > V21.

[0114] It should be noted that this disclosure only provides an example of dynamically adjusting the second operating parameter, and it is not intended to limit the method of determining the second operating parameter. Adjustments can be made based on this, for example, using the same set of second operating parameters to control the operation of the natural cooling equipment. This disclosure does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0115] In this embodiment of the disclosure, based on dynamically adjusting the target coolant temperature, when the cooling system 200 includes a natural cooling device, after entering the natural cooling mode, low-temperature resources can be used to cool the battery, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the energy storage system.

[0116] In some embodiments, entering the active cooling mode includes: if the cooling system 200 does not have a natural cooling device, or if the cooling system 200 has a cooling device and the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions, then entering the active cooling mode.

[0117] In some embodiments, entering the natural cooling mode includes: if the cooling system 200 has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature meets the preset cooling conditions, then entering the natural cooling mode.

[0118] The cooling system 200 lacking natural cooling equipment means that the cooling system 200 does not have a coolant branch, nor does it have a radiator 223, solenoid valve 225, etc. connected to the coolant branch. Conversely, the cooling system 200 having natural cooling equipment means that the cooling system 200 has a coolant branch, nor does it have a radiator 223, solenoid valve 225, etc. connected to the coolant branch.

[0119] The aforementioned preset cooling conditions serve as the basis for distinguishing between active cooling mode and natural cooling mode. They can be pre-configured in the cooling system 200. The preset cooling conditions can be determined based on the ambient temperature and the target coolant temperature.

[0120] In some embodiments, if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the target coolant temperature, the ambient temperature is determined to meet the preset cooling conditions; conversely, if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature, the ambient temperature is determined not to meet the preset cooling conditions. As long as the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the target coolant temperature, natural cooling equipment can be used to lower the temperature, making full use of low-temperature resources to cool the battery; as long as the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature, active cooling equipment is used to cool the battery, ensuring effective cooling.

[0121] In other embodiments, if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature and the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the target coolant temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, then the ambient temperature is determined to meet the preset cooling conditions; if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature and the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the target coolant temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, then the ambient temperature is determined not to meet the preset cooling conditions.

[0122] The aforementioned preset temperature difference threshold can be pre-configured in the cooling system 200 to fully utilize the low-temperature environment resources to provide sufficient cooling capacity for the energy storage system. The value of the preset temperature difference threshold can be determined according to actual needs, such as 1℃, 2℃, etc., and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations on it.

[0123] For example, if the current coolant temperature is 40℃, and the ambient temperature is 32℃, while the target coolant temperature is 31.5℃, the ambient temperature is higher than the target coolant temperature, and the temperature difference between the two is 0.5℃, which is less than 1℃. In this case, natural cooling equipment can be used to lower the temperature. If the ambient temperature is 35℃ and the target coolant temperature is 31.5℃, then the temperature difference between the two is 3.5℃, which is greater than 1℃. In this case, active cooling equipment can be used to lower the temperature.

[0124] It should be noted that, in order to maximize the safety of the energy storage system, control strategies can also be set for abnormal situations. For example, when the maximum cell temperature exceeds a preset temperature threshold, the system enters active cooling mode; or, when the maximum cell temperature exceeds a preset temperature threshold and the temperature difference between the target coolant and the ambient temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature difference threshold, the system operates in dual mode, combining active cooling and natural cooling.

[0125] This disclosure allows the cooling system 200 to operate in either active cooling mode or natural cooling mode by configuring preset cooling conditions. The active cooling mode and natural cooling mode can be freely switched according to needs, resulting in friendly cooling and heat dissipation, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the energy storage system, thereby realizing the strategic integration of active cooling equipment and natural cooling equipment, making full use of low-temperature environmental resources, and reducing system energy consumption. When the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions, the active cooling mode can provide a safer thermal management strategy for the battery, ensuring the safety and reliability of the energy storage system.

[0126] To deepen the understanding of the battery cooling control method disclosed herein, the following will be combined with... Figure 7 and Figure 8 Please provide an explanation.

[0127] like Figure 7 As shown, a battery cooling control method includes the following steps: S701. Determine whether the energy storage system unit is powered on. If yes, proceed to S702; otherwise, end. S702. Determine whether a cooling mode request has been received. If yes, execute S703; otherwise, execute the corresponding request. S703. Determine whether the cooling system 200 has a natural cooling device. If yes, proceed to S704; otherwise, proceed to S706. S704. Determine the target coolant temperature based on the real-time operating parameters of the battery, and proceed to S705 or S706. S705. Determine if the ambient temperature is lower than the target coolant temperature. If not, proceed to S706; if yes, proceed to S707. S706. Enter active cooling mode, determine the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment, and control the active cooling equipment to operate with the first operating parameters. S707. Enter natural cooling mode, determine the second operating parameters of the natural cooling equipment, and control the natural cooling equipment to operate with the second operating parameters.

[0128] It should be noted that S704 can be executed before S703, and S703 and S704 can also be executed in parallel. This disclosure does not limit the order of the two steps.

[0129] For the S706, after entering active cooling mode, the target cooling level can be determined based on the battery's target operating state, real-time current value, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature. Based on the target cooling level, the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment are determined. These first operating parameters include the frequency of compressor 211, the speed of condenser fan 214, and the speed of liquid pump 221. Based on these first operating parameters, compressor 211, liquid pump 221, and condenser fan 214 are started. Compressor 211 performs PID control based on the current and target coolant temperatures. Condenser fan 214 is adjusted based on the high pressure at compressor 211 outlet. Liquid pump 221 outputs according to its flow-pressure differential calibration value.

[0130] For the S707, after entering natural cooling mode, the second operating parameters of the natural cooling equipment can be determined based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature. The second operating parameters include the speed of the liquid pump 221 and the speed of the cooling fan 224. Based on the second operating parameters, the liquid pump 221 and the cooling fan 224 are started, and the liquid pump 221 and the cooling fan 224 are adjusted according to the temperature difference between the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature.

[0131] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment, a battery cooling control method includes: S801. Obtain the real-time operating parameters of the battery cell, including ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature, target operating status, and real-time current value. S802. Based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge, query the first correspondence table, as shown in Table 1, to determine the initial coolant temperature. S803. Based on the real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature and initial coolant temperature, substitute into Formula 1 to determine the target coolant temperature; S804. Determine to enter active cooling mode. Based on the target operating status and real-time current value, determine the second correspondence table, as shown in Table 2. S805. Based on the real-time state of charge and maximum cell temperature, query the second correspondence table to determine the target cooling level; S806. Determine the first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment according to the target cooling level, and adjust the first operating parameters according to the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature through a PID algorithm to control the operation of the active cooling equipment. S807. Determine to enter natural cooling mode. Based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature, determine the second operating parameters of the natural cooling equipment and control the natural cooling equipment to operate with the second operating parameters.

[0132] The effects of the battery cooling control method of this disclosure will be illustrated below with reference to Examples 1 and 2.

[0133] Example 1: Assumptions: ambient temperature is 25℃, real-time state of charge is 20%, maximum cell temperature is 26℃, charging current is 1.5C, and current coolant temperature is 20℃.

[0134] Based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge, the initial coolant temperature, T_base=18℃, is obtained by looking up the first correspondence table.

[0135] Based on the charging current, determine the second correspondence table for the medium-range current, and find that the target cooling level is 0 by looking up the table.

[0136] The target coolant temperature is calculated using Formula 1, and then... , By controlling the state of charge correction term within 1℃~2℃ and the temperature correction term within 1℃~5℃, we can obtain... ℃.

[0137] The adaptive output control instructions are as follows: Cooling level: 0, meaning no cooling; target coolant temperature is 20.8℃, actual coolant temperature is 20℃, water temperature deviation is -0.8℃, meaning the actual coolant temperature is less than the target coolant temperature, maximum cell temperature is 26℃, the maximum cell temperature is less than the start-up threshold (37℃~38℃), so the active cooling equipment will not start.

[0138] At this time, compressor 211 stops, liquid pump 221 runs at low speed to maintain basic coolant circulation; condenser fan 214 runs at low speed or is in standby mode.

[0139] Example 2: Assume that after 30 minutes, the operating conditions change as follows: the ambient temperature remains unchanged at 25℃; the maximum cell temperature changes from 26℃ to 31℃; the real-time state of charge changes from 20% to 30%; and the actual coolant temperature changes from 20℃ to 24℃.

[0140] Based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge, the first correspondence table is consulted to obtain the changed initial coolant temperature, T_base=22℃.

[0141] Substituting the real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature, and initial coolant temperature into Formula 1, the target coolant temperature can be obtained as follows: ℃.

[0142] Based on the charging current, determine the second correspondence table for the medium-range current; based on the real-time state of charge and the highest cell temperature, find the target cooling level as 1, i.e., low-power cooling, by looking up the second correspondence table.

[0143] The temperature difference between the actual coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature is 24℃ - 24.85℃ = -0.85℃. Since the ambient temperature is higher than the target coolant temperature, the system enters active cooling mode.

[0144] The adaptive output control instructions are as follows: Cooling rating: 1, low-power cooling, compressor 211 operates at low frequency for preventative cooling; liquid pump 221 operates at medium speed to meet heat dissipation requirements.

[0145] As can be seen from the above experiments, under high-temperature discharge conditions, the battery cooling control method provided in this disclosure can control the battery pack temperature difference within 2°C and improve the energy efficiency of the cooling system by 12%.

[0146] It should be noted that the experimental results under other operating conditions are similar to those under high-temperature charging conditions, and will not be repeated here.

[0147] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a battery cooling control device and an energy storage system, as shown in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device and system solves the problem is similar to that of the method embodiments described above, the implementation of this device and system can refer to the implementation of the method embodiments described above, and repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0148] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates the structure of a battery cooling control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9 As shown, in one embodiment, a cooling system 200 is used to cool a battery, the device comprising: The operating condition parameter acquisition module 910 is used to acquire the real-time operating condition parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating condition parameters include at least the ambient temperature, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature. The initial temperature determination module 920 is used to determine the initial coolant temperature based on the battery's ambient temperature and real-time state of charge. The target temperature correction module 930 is used to determine the target coolant temperature based on the battery's real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature, and initial coolant temperature. The cooling control module 940 is used to control the operation of the cooling system 200 based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature.

[0149] In some embodiments, the initial temperature determination module 920 is used to query a pre-built first correspondence table and determine the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge. The first correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the ambient temperature, the state of charge, and the initial coolant temperature.

[0150] It should be noted that the target coolant temperature is determined using the following formula: ; in, The target coolant temperature, This is the initial coolant temperature. For real-time state of charge, Maximum cell temperature, and This is a correction factor.

[0151] In some embodiments, the cooling system 200 includes an active cooling device; the real-time operating parameters also include a target operating state and a real-time current value; the cooling control module 940 includes an active cooling control module, wherein the active cooling control module is used to determine a target cooling level based on the target operating state, real-time current value, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature in response to entering the active cooling mode; determine a first operating parameter of the active cooling device based on the target cooling level; and adjust the first operating parameter using a PID algorithm based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature to control the operation of the active cooling device.

[0152] In some embodiments, the active cooling control module is further configured to determine a second correspondence table based on the target operating state and the real-time current value, wherein the second correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the battery's state of charge and maximum cell temperature and the cooling level under the target operating state and the real-time current value; and to query the second correspondence table to determine the target cooling level based on the current value and the maximum cell temperature.

[0153] In some embodiments, the active cooling control module further includes a correspondence construction module, which is used to divide the current value into multiple current levels according to the battery's operating state, and construct a second correspondence table for each current level.

[0154] It should be noted that the second correspondence table includes multiple cooling levels, including a first cooling level and a second cooling level. The first operating parameters include a first sub-operating parameter and a second self-operating parameter. The first cooling level corresponds to at least one set of first operating parameters of active cooling equipment, and the second cooling level corresponds to at least one set of second operating parameters of active cooling equipment. The first cooling level is lower than the second cooling level, and the cooling capacity generated by the active cooling equipment operating with the first operating parameter is less than the cooling capacity generated by operating with the second operating parameter.

[0155] In some embodiments, the active cooling device includes a liquid pump 221, a compressor 211, and a condenser fan 214; the cooling system 200 includes a coolant circuit 22 and a refrigerant circuit 21, the coolant circuit 22 is connected to a cell heat exchange plate 222, the liquid pump 221, and a heat exchanger 213, the refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to a heat exchanger 213, a compressor 211, and a condenser 212, and the condenser 212 is correspondingly arranged with the condenser fan 214; wherein, the first operating parameter includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump 221, the frequency of the compressor 211, and the rotational speed of the condenser fan 214.

[0156] In some embodiments, the cooling system 200 further includes a natural cooling device; the cooling control module 940 further includes a natural cooling control module, which is used to determine a second operating parameter of the natural cooling device based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature in response to entering the natural cooling mode; and control the natural cooling device to operate with the second operating parameter.

[0157] In some embodiments, the natural cooling device includes a liquid pump 221, a radiator 223, a cooling fan 224, and a solenoid valve 225; the cooling system 200 includes a refrigerant circuit 21 and a coolant circuit 22, the coolant circuit 22 is connected to a cell heat exchange plate 222, the liquid pump 221, and a heat exchanger 213, the refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to the heat exchanger 213, the coolant circuit 22 also includes a coolant branch, the two ends of the coolant branch are respectively connected to the inlet end and the outlet end of the heat exchanger 213; the coolant branch is connected to the radiator 223 and the solenoid valve 225, the radiator 223 and the cooling fan 224 are correspondingly arranged; the second operating parameter includes at least one of the rotation speed of the liquid pump 221 and the rotation speed of the cooling fan 224.

[0158] In some embodiments, the device further includes a cooling mode determination module not shown in the figures, which is configured to enter an active cooling mode if the cooling system 200 does not have a natural cooling device, or if the cooling system 200 has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions.

[0159] In some embodiments, the cooling mode determination module is further configured to enter the natural cooling mode if the cooling system 200 has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature meets the preset cooling conditions.

[0160] In some embodiments, the cooling mode determination module is used to determine that the ambient temperature meets the preset cooling conditions if the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the target coolant temperature; and to determine that the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature.

[0161] In this embodiment, by collecting real-time operating parameters of the battery, dynamically adjusting the target coolant temperature, and controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the adjusted target coolant temperature, the inherent characteristics of the energy storage cell—large heat capacity and slow temperature rise rate—can be accurately adapted. This allows the battery cooling process to adaptively adjust in real time according to the dynamic changes in cell heat generation, effectively reducing cell temperature fluctuations, minimizing unnecessary cooling power consumption, reducing operating noise of the cooling equipment, further improving the operational stability of the cooling system, reducing energy consumption, adapting to various battery thermal management scenarios, providing reliable assurance for the efficient and safe operation of the battery, and simultaneously improving the stability of the energy storage system.

[0162] According to another aspect of this disclosure, an energy storage system, such as an energy storage container, is also provided. This energy storage system includes a battery and a cooling system 200, wherein the cooling system 200 cools the battery using the battery cooling control method provided in the above embodiments. By combining the above-described battery cooling control method with battery temperature control, the power consumption of the energy storage system can be effectively reduced, and the safety of the energy storage system can be improved.

[0163] Continue to refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, the cooling system 200 includes an active cooling device, which includes a liquid pump 221, a compressor 211, and a condenser fan 214. The cooling system 200 includes a coolant circuit 22 and a refrigerant circuit 21. The coolant circuit 22 is connected to a cell heat exchange plate 222, a liquid pump 221, and a heat exchanger 213. The refrigerant circuit 21 is connected to a heat exchanger 213, a compressor 211, and a condenser 212. The condenser 212 is correspondingly arranged with the condenser fan 214.

[0164] Continue to refer to Figure 6 In some embodiments, the cooling system 200 further includes a natural cooling device, which includes a liquid pump 221, a radiator 223 and a solenoid valve 225; the coolant circuit 22 further includes a coolant branch, the two ends of which are connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 213 respectively; the coolant branch is connected to the radiator 223 and the solenoid valve 225, and the radiator 223 is correspondingly arranged with the cooling fan 224.

[0165] It should be noted that all relevant content in each scenario designed in the above method embodiments can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional module, as well as the functional description of the active cooling device and the natural cooling device in the cooling system 200, and will not be repeated here.

[0166] Those skilled in the art will understand that various aspects of this disclosure can be implemented as a system, method, or program product. Therefore, various aspects of this disclosure can be specifically implemented in the following forms: a completely hardware implementation, a completely software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software aspects, collectively referred to herein as a "circuit," "module," or "system."

[0167] The following reference Figure 10 To describe an electronic device 1000 according to such an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 10 The electronic device 1000 shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0168] In one embodiment, the electronic device 1000 includes a processor and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the processor is configured to perform the above-described equalization control method by executing the executable instructions.

[0169] like Figure 10 As shown, the electronic device 1000 is manifested in the form of a general-purpose computing device. The components of the electronic device 1000 may include, but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 1010, at least one storage unit 1020, and a bus 1030 connecting different system components (including storage unit 1020 and processing unit 1010).

[0170] The storage unit stores program code, which can be executed by the processing unit 1010 to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For example, the processing unit 1010 can perform the following steps of the above method embodiments: acquiring real-time operating parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating parameters include at least ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature; determining an initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge; determining a target coolant temperature based on the real-time state of charge, maximum cell temperature, and initial coolant temperature; and controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature.

[0171] Storage unit 1020 may include readable media in the form of volatile storage units, such as random access memory (RAM) 10201 and / or cache memory 10202, and may further include read-only memory (ROM) 10203.

[0172] Storage unit 1020 may also include a program / utility 10204 having a set (at least one) program module 10205, such program module 10205 including but not limited to: operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules and program data, each or some combination of these examples may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0173] Bus 1030 can represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, a graphics acceleration port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of the multiple bus structures.

[0174] Electronic device 1000 can also communicate with one or more external devices 1040 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, Bluetooth device, etc.), and with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 1000, and / or with any device that enables the electronic device 1000 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., router, modem, etc.). This communication can be performed via input / output (I / O) interface 1050. Furthermore, electronic device 1000 can also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), and / or public networks, such as the Internet) via network adapter 1060. Figure 10 As shown, network adapter 1060 communicates with other modules of electronic device 1000 via bus 1030. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules can be used in conjunction with electronic device 1000, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems.

[0175] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, terminal device, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0176] In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above according to various exemplary implementations of the present disclosure.

[0177] In exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section above according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. This computer-readable storage medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.

[0178] In some possible implementations, various aspects of this disclosure can also be implemented as a program product comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the equalization control method of any of the above embodiments. In one possible embodiment, the program product includes program code that, when the program product is run on a terminal device, causes the terminal device to perform the steps described in the "Exemplary Methods" section of this specification according to various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure.

[0179] More specific examples of computer-readable storage media in this disclosure may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0180] In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. A readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, capable of transmitting, propagating, or transmitting a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0181] Optionally, the program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0182] In practice, program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as C or similar languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving remote computing devices, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0183] It should be noted that although several modules or units for the device used to perform actions have been mentioned in the detailed description above, this division is not mandatory. In fact, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the features and functions of two or more modules or units described above can be embodied in one module or unit. Conversely, the features and functions of one module or unit described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules or units.

[0184] Furthermore, although the steps of the method in this disclosure are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additional or alternative steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or a step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0185] From the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the exemplary embodiments described herein can be implemented by software or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of this disclosure can be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (such as a CD-ROM, USB flash drive, external hard drive, etc.) or on a network, including several instructions to cause a computing device (such as a personal computer, server, mobile terminal, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0186] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery cooling control method, characterized in that, A cooling system applied to cool a battery, the method comprising: Obtain real-time operating parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating parameters include at least ambient temperature, real-time state of charge, and maximum cell temperature; The initial coolant temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge. The target coolant temperature is determined based on the real-time state of charge, the maximum cell temperature, and the initial coolant temperature. The cooling system is controlled to operate based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature. The cooling system includes an active cooling device. The real-time operating parameters also include the target operating status and the real-time current value. The step of controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature includes: In response to entering active cooling mode, the target cooling level is determined based on the target operating state, the real-time current value, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature. The first operating parameters of the active cooling equipment are determined based on the target cooling level. Based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature, the first operating parameter is adjusted using a PID algorithm to control the operation of the active cooling device.

2. The battery cooling control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge includes: The first correspondence table is pre-built, and the initial coolant temperature is determined based on the ambient temperature and the real-time state of charge. The first correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence between the ambient temperature, the state of charge, and the initial coolant temperature.

3. The battery cooling control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target coolant temperature is determined by the following formula: ； in, The target coolant temperature, This is the initial coolant temperature. For real-time state of charge, Maximum cell temperature and This is a correction factor.

4. The battery cooling control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the target cooling level based on the target operating state, the real-time current value, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature includes: Based on the target operating state and the real-time current value, a second correspondence table is determined, wherein the second correspondence table represents a two-dimensional correspondence table between the state of charge of the battery and the maximum cell temperature and the cooling level under the target operating state and the real-time current value. The target cooling level is determined by querying the second correspondence table and based on the current value and the maximum cell temperature.

5. The battery cooling control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Based on the operating state of the battery, the current value is divided into multiple current levels, and for each current level, a second correspondence table is constructed.

6. The battery cooling control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second correspondence table includes multiple cooling levels, including a first cooling level and a second cooling level. The first operating parameter includes a first sub-operating parameter and a second sub-operating parameter. The first cooling level corresponds to at least one set of first sub-operating parameters of the active cooling device, and the second cooling level corresponds to at least one set of second sub-operating parameters of the active cooling device. The first cooling level is lower than the second cooling level, and the cooling capacity generated by the active cooling device operating with the first sub-operating parameter is less than the cooling capacity generated by operating with the second sub-operating parameter.

7. The battery cooling control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active cooling device includes a liquid pump, a compressor, and a condenser fan; The cooling system includes a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit. The coolant circuit is connected to the cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and the heat exchanger. The refrigerant circuit is connected to the heat exchanger, the compressor, and the condenser. The condenser is correspondingly arranged with the condenser fan. The first operating parameter includes at least one of the following: the speed of the liquid pump, the frequency of the compressor, and the speed of the condenser fan.

8. The battery cooling control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling system also includes natural cooling equipment; The step of controlling the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature includes: In response to entering natural cooling mode, a second operating parameter of the natural cooling device is determined based on the current coolant temperature and the target coolant temperature; The natural cooling device is controlled to operate at the second operating parameters.

9. The battery cooling control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The natural cooling device includes a liquid pump, a radiator, a cooling fan, and a solenoid valve; the cooling system includes a refrigerant circuit and a coolant circuit, the coolant circuit being connected to the cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and the heat exchanger, the refrigerant circuit being connected to the heat exchanger, and the coolant circuit also including a coolant branch, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger; the coolant branch is connected to the radiator and the solenoid valve, and the radiator and the cooling fan are correspondingly arranged; The second operating parameter includes at least one of the rotational speed of the liquid pump and the rotational speed of the cooling fan.

10. The battery cooling control method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Entering the active cooling mode includes: If the cooling system does not have a natural cooling device, or if the cooling system has a natural cooling device but the ambient temperature does not meet the preset cooling conditions, then the active cooling mode is entered.

11. The battery cooling control method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The entry into natural cooling mode includes: If the cooling system has a natural cooling device and the ambient temperature meets the preset cooling conditions, then it enters the natural cooling mode.

12. The battery cooling control method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the ambient temperature is less than or equal to the target coolant temperature, the ambient temperature is determined to meet the preset cooling conditions; if the ambient temperature is greater than the target coolant temperature, the ambient temperature is determined not to meet the preset cooling conditions.

13. A battery cooling control device, applied to a cooling system for cooling a battery, the device comprising: The operating condition parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time operating condition parameters of the battery, wherein the real-time operating condition parameters include at least the ambient temperature, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature. An initial temperature determination module is used to determine the initial coolant temperature based on the ambient temperature and real-time state of charge of the battery. The target temperature correction module is used to determine the target coolant temperature based on the real-time state of charge of the battery, the maximum cell temperature, and the initial coolant temperature. The cooling control module is used to control the operation of the cooling system based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature. The cooling system includes an active cooling device. The real-time operating parameters also include the target operating status and the real-time current value. The cooling control module is configured to, in response to entering active cooling mode, determine a target cooling level based on the target operating state, the real-time current value, the real-time state of charge, and the maximum cell temperature; determine a first operating parameter of the active cooling device based on the target cooling level; and adjust the first operating parameter using a PID algorithm based on the target coolant temperature and the current coolant temperature to control the operation of the active cooling device.

14. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The device includes a battery and a cooling system, the cooling system including an active cooling device, the cooling system cooling the battery using the battery cooling control method according to any one of claims 1-12.

15. The energy storage system according to claim 14, characterized in that, The active cooling device includes a liquid pump, a compressor, and a condenser fan; The cooling system includes a coolant circuit and a refrigerant circuit. The coolant circuit is connected to the cell heat exchange plate, the liquid pump, and the heat exchanger. The refrigerant circuit is connected to the heat exchanger, the compressor, and the condenser. The condenser is correspondingly arranged with the condenser fan.

16. The energy storage system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The cooling system also includes a natural cooling device, which includes the liquid pump, radiator, cooling fan and solenoid valve; The coolant circuit also includes a coolant branch, the two ends of which are connected to the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, respectively; the coolant branch is connected to the radiator and the solenoid valve, and the radiator is correspondingly arranged with the cooling fan.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a computer program that, when executed by the processor, implements the battery cooling control method as described in any one of claims 1-12.

18. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the battery cooling control method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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