A high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control method, system, product and medium

Abstract

A high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control method, system, product and medium relate to the field of advanced control. The method comprises: collecting the air pressure and temperature in the box in response to the decoupling instruction; dynamically correcting the allowed arc energy threshold based on the real-time air pressure; combining the environmental temperature difference to compensate the historical mechanical action delay to determine the current execution delay; issuing a breaking instruction in advance before the current zero crossing; collecting the voltage and current data at the breaking time and integrating to calculate the actual arc energy; if the energy exceeds the standard, analyzing the action deviation direction and value according to the voltage slope and current polarity; superimposing the time deviation into the mechanical delay parameter to correct the next breaking control. The technical scheme provided by the application improves the service life of the grid-connected box in high-altitude environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of advanced control, and in particular to an adaptive control method, system, product, and medium for a high-altitude grid-connected box. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, with the advancement of the global clean energy strategy and the deepening of the West-to-East Power Transmission Project, large-scale photovoltaic power plants are being rapidly deployed in high-altitude regions. As a key node connecting photovoltaic arrays to the power grid, the photovoltaic grid-connected box plays a crucial role in power collection, distribution, and circuit protection. Due to the characteristics of the high-altitude environment, such as thin air, large temperature differences between day and night, and strong ultraviolet radiation, ensuring the stability of the grid-connected box during frequent grid connection and disconnection operations under these harsh conditions is paramount.

[0003] In related technologies, to reduce the arc energy of switching devices (such as circuit breakers or contactors) during disconnection in grid-connected boxes, synchronous switching technology based on phase angle control is typically employed. This involves real-time monitoring of the current phase in the main circuit using voltage and current sensors, and pre-setting the inherent mechanical tripping time of the switching devices in the controller (usually a factory-calibrated fixed value or a simple temperature correction value). When performing a routine disconnection operation, based on the detected current zero-crossing point and combined with the pre-set mechanical delay to advance the operation timing, a tripping command is issued in advance, causing the moving and stationary contacts to separate at the instant the current crosses zero. This utilizes the characteristic of minimal arc energy at the zero-crossing point to achieve rapid arc extinguishing.

[0004] However, in related technologies, due to the extreme temperature difference between day and night in high-altitude areas, the viscosity of the lubricating grease and the fatigue characteristics of the springs in the operating mechanism will undergo nonlinear dynamic drift with fluctuations in ambient temperature and equipment aging, resulting in deviations between the actual mechanical action time and the preset value. In the context of weakened air insulation recovery due to low air pressure, if the contacts miss the current zero-crossing point due to mechanical time delay drift and break at the current peak or waist, a reignition arc that is difficult to extinguish will occur. This frequent synchronous failure will cause cumulative erosion of the contacts, leading to increased contact resistance and ultimately shortening the electrical life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an adaptive control method, system, product, and medium for grid-connected boxes at high altitudes, which can improve the service life of grid-connected boxes in high-altitude environments.

[0006] A method is provided in the first aspect of this application, the method comprising: In response to the received routine disconnection command, the system collects real-time air pressure and ambient temperature values ​​within the grid-connected box; multiplies the preset reference arc energy threshold by the air pressure correction coefficient to obtain the allowable arc energy threshold under the current operating conditions; retrieves the mechanical action delay time of the previous disconnection operation, adds the temperature change compensation to the mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time; calculates the disconnection time point by subtracting the current execution delay time from the current zero-crossing point, and issues a disconnection command to the circuit breaker at the disconnection time point; after issuing the disconnection command, it collects voltage data and loop current data at a preset sampling frequency across the contacts; integrates the product of the voltage data and the loop current data within the disconnection time corresponding to the disconnection command to calculate the actual arc energy; if the actual arc energy is greater than the allowable arc energy threshold, it determines the direction of the contact action time deviation based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the loop current data, and calculates the time deviation value; and adds the time deviation value to the mechanical action delay time for the next disconnection control.

[0007] In the above embodiments, by combining real-time air pressure and temperature to dynamically compensate control parameters and correcting the breaking timing based on actual arc energy feedback, the action error caused by differences in high-altitude environment and mechanical characteristic drift is eliminated, ensuring that the circuit breaker always breaks at the current zero-crossing point, suppressing the generation of harmful arcs, reducing the erosion of contacts by arc heat, and thus improving the service life of the grid-connected box in high-altitude environment.

[0008] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, when the actual arc energy exceeds the allowable arc energy threshold, the direction of the contact action time deviation is determined based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the circuit current data, and the time deviation value is calculated, specifically including: Extract the transient recovery voltage waveform after the current crosses zero and calculate the voltage change rate of the transient recovery voltage waveform; if the transient recovery voltage waveform rises first and then falls to the arc voltage, calculate the additional insulation distance required to resist the transient recovery voltage; convert the additional insulation distance into an early interruption compensation time, and use the early interruption compensation time as the time deviation value; if the transient recovery voltage waveform does not rise first and then fall to the arc voltage, calculate the phase time difference based on the rise slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the loop current data, and use the phase time difference as the time deviation value.

[0009] In the above embodiments, by converting the extra insulation distance required to resist transient recovery voltage into an early disconnection compensation time for the reignition condition, the contacts are forced to separate in advance in the next operation, ensuring that a sufficient withstand voltage gap is established before the voltage peak arrives. This overcomes the physical limitation of insufficient insulation strength in rarefied air, eliminates arc reignition, and improves the disconnection reliability in extreme environments.

[0010] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after converting the additional insulation distance into an early breakage compensation time and using the early breakage compensation time as a time deviation value, the method further includes: Calculate the voltage rise rate at the start of the disconnection, and calculate the actual separation speed of the circuit breaker moving contact based on the voltage rise rate; calculate the critical advance time threshold for triggering current-cutting overvoltage under the current operating condition based on the real-time air pressure value and the actual separation speed; determine whether the advance disconnection compensation time exceeds the critical advance time threshold; if so, correct the time deviation value to the critical advance time threshold and generate a heating command.

[0011] In the above embodiments, by introducing boundary protection for overvoltage cutoff, when the advance amount required for preventing reignition reaches the safety red line, the time threshold is locked first to prevent the generation of destructive voltage spikes, and the heating device is linked to improve the environmental physical characteristics. This solves the contradiction between preventing reignition and cuttingoff at high altitudes, avoids equipment damage due to overvoltage, and eliminates potential fault hazards through active environmental control, thereby improving the safety protection level of the system.

[0012] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the product of voltage data and loop current data is integrated within the breaking time corresponding to the breaking command to calculate the actual arc energy, specifically including: The collected loop current data is subjected to high-pass filtering to extract high-frequency current components with frequencies higher than a preset threshold; the root mean square value of the high-frequency current components is calculated to obtain the arc high-frequency noise intensity; the absolute value of the product of the voltage data and the loop current data is calculated as the integral over the breaking time to obtain the basic arc energy; a weighting coefficient is constructed using the arc high-frequency noise intensity, and the basic arc energy is amplified and corrected using the weighting coefficient to obtain the actual arc energy.

[0013] In the above embodiments, by capturing low-energy, high-frequency invisible arcs, it is ensured that even under conditions where macroscopic heat is not high but erosion is severe, the system's adaptive adjustment can be triggered, avoiding latent contact damage caused by detection blind spots, and improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of arc sensing under complex conditions.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after constructing weighting coefficients using the high-frequency noise intensity of the electric arc, and amplifying and correcting the basic electric arc energy using the weighting coefficients to obtain the actual electric arc energy, the method further includes: The system tracks the continuous trend of high-frequency arc noise intensity during a series of consecutive interruption operations (pre-set statistical counts). If the intensity consistently exceeds a preset contamination threshold, the system pauses the mechanical action delay update based on the time deviation value and generates a powerful interruption command.

[0015] In the above embodiments, when continuous high-frequency noise caused by dust accumulation is detected, ineffective algorithm adjustments are actively paused, and the circuit breaker is instead controlled to trip at peak current. Utilizing the resulting strong arc blowing effect, conductive dust adsorbed on the contacts and arc-extinguishing chamber is physically removed, breaking the control dead loop caused by physical contamination and restoring the equipment's insulation and arc-extinguishing performance without manual maintenance.

[0016] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the mechanical action delay time of the previous interruption operation is retrieved, and the temperature change compensation amount is added to the mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time, specifically including: Retrieve the historical mechanical action delay time of the last disconnection operation; obtain the main circuit current data within a preset time period before the issuance of this disconnection command, and calculate the square integral value of the main circuit current data to obtain the contact heat accumulation index; determine the heat dissipation correction coefficient using the real-time air pressure value, and correct the contact heat accumulation index using the heat dissipation correction coefficient; calculate the micro-welding viscosity delay time based on the corrected contact heat accumulation index; calculate the viscosity hysteresis time based on the difference between the ambient temperature value and the reference temperature; and superimpose the viscosity delay time and viscosity hysteresis time onto the historical mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time.

[0017] In the above embodiments, a mechanical delay prediction model based on the coupling of current thermal effect and air pressure heat dissipation was constructed to quantify the heat accumulation of the contacts caused by the reduced heat dissipation capacity of the thin air at high altitudes. Based on this, the additional hysteresis time caused by micro-welding was calculated, and dual compensation was performed by combining low-temperature viscosity hysteresis. This offsets the nonlinear interference of environmental factors on the mechanical action speed, ensuring that even under complex working conditions with slight contact adhesion or mechanical hysteresis, millisecond-level zero-point disconnection control can still be achieved, thus improving the system's environmental adaptability.

[0018] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after determining the direction of the contact action time deviation based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the loop current data, and calculating the time deviation value, the method further includes: Calculate the average voltage rise rate during the arcing period; if the average voltage rise rate is lower than the preset magnetic blow-out critical rate, calculate the minimum magnetic blow-out current value under the current air density based on the real-time air pressure value; convert the minimum magnetic blow-out current value into the corresponding magnetic blow-out auxiliary time offset based on the main circuit current waveform; and add the magnetic blow-out auxiliary time offset to the mechanical action delay time.

[0019] In the above embodiments, to address the problem of reduced magnetic blowout arc extinguishing capability due to thin air at high altitudes, a pressure-based magnetic blowout current threshold compensation mechanism was established. When slow arc movement is detected, the disconnection timing is actively adjusted to ensure that the current intensity at the moment of contact separation meets the minimum magnetic blowout requirement under the current air pressure. The magnetic field energy of the current itself compensates for the aerodynamic deficiencies, forcing the arc to quickly enter the arc extinguishing chamber, avoiding arc stagnation and contact burnout caused by insufficient magnetic blowout force, and improving arc extinguishing efficiency under low air pressure environments.

[0020] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide an adaptive control system for a high-altitude grid-connected box, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors and is used to store computer program code, which includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when the computer program product is run on a high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system, cause the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system to execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system, cause the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0023] Understandably, the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control method provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects it can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. This application combines real-time air pressure and temperature to dynamically compensate control parameters and corrects the breaking timing based on actual arc energy feedback. This eliminates the operating errors caused by differences in high-altitude environments and mechanical characteristic drift, ensuring that the circuit breaker always breaks at the current zero-crossing point, suppressing the generation of harmful arcs, reducing the erosion of contacts by arc heat, and thus improving the service life of the grid-connected box in high-altitude environments.

[0025] 2. This application transforms the extra insulation distance required to resist transient recovery voltage into an early disconnection compensation time for the reignition condition, thereby forcing the contacts to separate in advance in the next operation. This ensures that a sufficient withstand voltage gap is established before the voltage peak arrives, overcomes the physical limitation of insufficient insulation strength in rarefied air, eliminates arc reignition, and improves the disconnection reliability in extreme environments.

[0026] 3. This application introduces boundary protection for overvoltage cutoff. When the advance required for preventing reignition reaches the safety red line, the time threshold is locked first to prevent the generation of destructive voltage spikes. The heating device is linked to improve the physical characteristics of the environment, which solves the contradiction between preventing reignition and cuttingoff at high altitudes. This not only avoids equipment damage due to overvoltage, but also eliminates potential faults through active environmental control, thereby improving the safety protection level of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an adaptive control method for high-altitude grid-connected boxes in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating the adaptive control method for high-altitude grid-connected boxes in this application embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an exemplary hardware structure of the adaptive control system for a high-altitude grid-connected box in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the listed items.

[0029] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0030] In related technologies, to reduce the arc energy of switching devices in grid-connected boxes during disconnection, synchronous switching technology based on phase angle control is commonly used. This involves using the detected current zero-crossing point combined with a preset fixed mechanical delay time to push back the operating timing, attempting to separate the contacts at the instant the current crosses zero. However, in these technologies, the diurnal temperature variation in high-altitude environments causes nonlinear drift in the viscosity and mechanical properties of the lubricating grease in the operating mechanism, resulting in a deviation between the actual operating time and the preset value. The air insulation recovery capability is significantly weakened in low-pressure environments at high altitudes. If the contacts miss the optimal zero-crossing point due to mechanical time delay drift, they are prone to disconnecting at the current peak or mid-current stage, leading to a reignition arc that is difficult to extinguish. This frequent synchronous failure causes cumulative contact erosion, shortening the service life of the equipment in high-altitude environments.

[0031] In this embodiment, the permissible arc energy threshold is first dynamically adjusted based on real-time air pressure, and feedforward compensation is applied to the mechanical action delay in conjunction with ambient temperature to address the impact of the environment on insulation capacity and mechanical speed. More importantly, after disconnection, the actual arc energy is calculated and compared with the air pressure-corrected threshold to reverse-calculate the direction and value of the contact action time deviation, and this deviation value is then added to update the mechanical action delay time. This closed-loop correction mechanism based on energy feedback can automatically eliminate accumulated errors caused by equipment aging and environmental changes, ensuring that the circuit breaker always locks the current at zero crossing point.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the adaptive control method for high-altitude grid-connected boxes used in the embodiments of this application, including the following steps: S101. In response to the received routine disconnection command, collect the real-time air pressure and ambient temperature values ​​inside the grid-connected box.

[0033] Among them, the routine disconnection command refers to the normal disconnection control signal issued by the photovoltaic grid-connected system after sunset or at a specific scheduling time in order to stop power generation and disconnect from the grid; the grid-connected box refers to the electrical cabinet installed between the photovoltaic module array and the inverter or grid, used for current collection, protection and on / off control; the real-time air pressure value is used to indicate the current air pressure status inside the grid-connected box, usually in kilopascals; the ambient temperature value is used to indicate the air temperature inside the grid-connected box or around the circuit breaker operating mechanism.

[0034] Specifically, upon receiving a disconnection signal from the host computer or timer, the system does not immediately perform mechanical disconnection but instead initiates an environmental awareness process first.

[0035] Because meteorological conditions are highly variable in high-altitude areas, air density and temperature directly affect air insulation strength and mechanical lubrication. By reading data from sensors located inside the enclosure, current physical environment parameters are obtained, providing necessary input variables for subsequent control algorithms and ensuring that the control strategy matches the current physical conditions.

[0036] In some embodiments, real-time air pressure and ambient temperature values ​​inside the grid-connected enclosure can be collected in various ways: Optionally, the values ​​in the register can be directly read using the digital pressure and temperature sensor integrated on the grid-connected box control board via I2C or SPI communication protocol, and digital filtering can be performed to remove noise interference. The processed data is then stored in temporary memory.

[0037] It is understandable that other methods can be used to obtain environmental parameters, such as reading data from nearby weather stations via the station's local area network; this is not a limitation here.

[0038] S102. Multiply the preset reference arc energy threshold by the air pressure correction coefficient to obtain the allowable arc energy threshold under the current working conditions.

[0039] Among them, the preset reference arc energy threshold refers to the upper limit of arc energy that the circuit breaker contacts can withstand without causing significant loss of electrical life under standard atmospheric pressure and standard temperature. This value is usually derived and set by those skilled in the art based on the type test data of the circuit breaker or the manufacturer's technical specifications. The air pressure correction coefficient is a dimensionless proportionality factor used to characterize the degree of influence of air pressure changes on air insulation and arc extinguishing capability, which is calculated based on the real-time air pressure value. The allowable arc energy threshold refers to the dynamic energy upper limit standard for judging whether the breaking operation is qualified under the current actual air pressure environment, and is proportional to the real-time air pressure value.

[0040] Specifically, due to the thin air at high altitudes, the mean free path of gas molecules increases, leading to a change in the probability of electron collision ionization. This reduces the insulating strength and arc-extinguishing ability of the air (i.e., the Paschen's Law effect). If the energy threshold under standard atmospheric pressure is still used as the assessment standard under low air pressure, it may lead to system misjudgment, that is, although a large arc is generated, it is still considered qualified, thereby accelerating contact erosion.

[0041] Therefore, a correction factor needs to be calculated based on the real-time air pressure value. The lower the air pressure, the smaller the correction factor, thereby reducing the allowable arc energy threshold and implementing a more stringent zero-arc assessment standard to adapt to harsh insulation environments.

[0042] S103. Retrieve the mechanical action delay time of the previous interruption operation, add the temperature change compensation amount to the mechanical action delay time, and obtain the current execution delay time.

[0043] Among them, the mechanical action delay time of the last breaking operation refers to the time length recorded in the memory from the issuance of the command to the actual separation of the contacts during the most recent breaking operation; the temperature change compensation amount refers to the time correction value that needs to be increased or decreased to offset the effect of temperature change on the movement speed of the mechanical mechanism, which is determined based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature; the current execution delay time refers to the total time required for the circuit breaker to move from receiving the command to the contact action in the current operation; the reference temperature refers to the ambient temperature when the initial value of the mechanical action delay time is measured, which is usually preset to room temperature.

[0044] Specifically, the operating mechanism of a circuit breaker typically includes springs, connecting rods, and lubricating grease. In high-altitude environments with significant diurnal temperature variations, low temperatures increase the viscosity of the lubricating grease, causing the mechanism to operate more slowly (increased delay); high temperatures, on the other hand, thin the lubricating grease, resulting in faster operation (reduced delay). Directly using the delay time recorded from the previous day (possibly at different temperatures) will lead to inaccurate predictions.

[0045] Therefore, the difference between the current ambient temperature and the reference temperature is calculated, and the corresponding temperature change compensation is calculated based on this difference. This compensation is then added to the historical delay time to predict the mechanical action time that is closest to the current actual working condition.

[0046] In some embodiments, the current execution delay time can be obtained in a variety of ways: Optionally, the temperature change compensation amount is obtained by multiplying the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature by a fixed temperature drift coefficient using a preset temperature-viscosity-time linear regression equation, and then adding it to the historical delay time read. Optionally, a segmented temperature compensation model can be established, dividing the temperature range into low-temperature, normal-temperature, and high-temperature zones. Different nonlinear compensation curves can be used to calculate the temperature change compensation for different zones, and then the historical data can be corrected.

[0047] It is understandable that other methods can be used to achieve temperature correction of the delay time, which are not limited here.

[0048] In some embodiments, considering that the contact surface may undergo micro-welding due to long-term high-current operation in high-altitude environments, resulting in additional viscous delay in mechanical action, the mechanical action delay time can be further improved by introducing contact heat accumulation index and air pressure heat dissipation correction to perform more refined multi-dimensional compensation, thereby further improving the prediction accuracy of the breaking time.

[0049] Specifically, first, the historical mechanical action delay time of the last disconnection operation recorded in the memory is retrieved as a basic reference value. Then, the main circuit current data for a preset time period (e.g., the past hour or several hours) prior to the issuance of this disconnection command is obtained. This preset time period is usually determined experimentally by technicians based on the heat capacity characteristics of the contacts and the heat dissipation time constant. The current data during this period is then subjected to a square integral operation (i.e., I0). 2 The contact heat accumulation index is calculated by integrating t. This index reflects the total heat accumulated in the contact due to the Joule effect during recent operation.

[0050] Next, the heat dissipation correction coefficient is determined using the collected real-time air pressure value. Due to the thin air at high altitudes, the convective heat transfer capacity of air molecules decreases, making it more difficult to dissipate the heat generated by the same current. Therefore, the lower the real-time air pressure value, the smaller the heat dissipation correction coefficient (indicating poorer heat dissipation capacity), meaning the actual temperature rise of the contacts will be higher than in plains areas. This coefficient is used to correct the heat accumulation index (e.g., by dividing by the coefficient) to obtain a correction index that better reflects the true thermal state of the contacts at high altitudes. Based on this corrected index, the micro-welding adhesion delay time is calculated using a pre-set thermo-viscosity model. This delay time characterizes the time consumed by the contacts to overcome additional intermolecular forces during the initial opening stage due to high-temperature softening and micro-metal point adhesion.

[0051] Meanwhile, based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature, the viscosity hysteresis time caused by the change in grease viscosity is calculated (slower at low temperatures and faster at high temperatures). Finally, the calculated microscopic welding viscosity delay time (for the thermal effect on the contact surface) and viscosity hysteresis time (for the cold effect on the operating mechanism) are superimposed on the historical mechanical action delay time to obtain the final current execution delay time.

[0052] It not only takes into account the influence of external ambient temperature on the lubrication of the mechanism, but also introduces the heat dissipation obstruction caused by high altitude and low air pressure and the micro-adhesion effect of the contacts, thus solving the nonlinear start-up viscosity error that cannot be eliminated by simple temperature compensation.

[0053] Through the above steps, the unique combined effect of external cold and internal heat in high-altitude environments is quantified, namely the complex working condition where external low temperature causes the mechanism to slow down while internal heat accumulation causes contact adhesion. This makes the calculated delay time closer to the actual physical process, eliminates the millisecond-level lag caused by microscopic contact adhesion, ensures that the current still hits the zero-crossing point at the moment of contact separation, and reduces arc erosion caused by time deviation.

[0054] S104. Calculate the breaking time point by subtracting the current execution delay time from the time when the current crosses zero, and issue a breaking command to the circuit breaker at the breaking time point.

[0055] Among them, the zero-crossing moment of the current refers to the instant when the amplitude of the sinusoidal current in the AC circuit changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive and passes through the zero axis; the breaking time point refers to the precise moment when the controller sends the drive signal to the circuit breaker coil; the breaking command refers to the electrical signal that triggers the tripping mechanism of the circuit breaker.

[0056] Specifically, in order to achieve zero-point disconnection, the contacts must separate exactly at the instant the current crosses zero. Due to the inherent physical delay in the mechanical mechanism's action (i.e., the current execution delay time calculated in the previous step), the controller cannot issue the command only at the zero-point; it must preemptively initiate the action.

[0057] The main circuit current waveform is monitored in real time to predict the next upcoming current zero-crossing point. Then, working backward from this target point and subtracting the predicted mechanical delay time, the exact command time is obtained. When the clock reaches this point, a disconnect command is immediately issued so that the moment the contacts separate after the mechanical action is completed coincides with the current zero-crossing point.

[0058] In some embodiments, the interruption command can be issued in a variety of ways: Optionally, phase-locked loop (PLL) technology can be used to track the frequency and phase of the grid current in real time, lock the absolute timestamp of the next zero-crossing point, subtract the current execution delay time to obtain the trigger timestamp, and set a hardware timer to generate an interrupt and output a control pulse when the timestamp is matched.

[0059] It is understandable that other methods can be used to achieve precise timing of command transmission, and no specific method is specified here.

[0060] S105. After issuing the disconnection command, collect the voltage data and circuit current data at both ends of the contact at a preset sampling frequency.

[0061] Among them, the preset sampling frequency refers to the data acquisition rate set by those skilled in the art based on the Nyquist sampling theorem and the transient characteristics of the arc, which usually needs to be high enough to capture arc details; the voltage data at both ends of the contacts refers to the transient recovery voltage or arc voltage value between the moving and stationary contacts of the circuit breaker; the circuit current data refers to the residual current or arc current value flowing through the main circuit of the circuit breaker.

[0062] Specifically, once the disconnection command is issued, a high-speed data acquisition task is immediately initiated to capture the electrical characteristics during the contact separation process, serving as data for subsequent evaluation of the disconnection effectiveness.

[0063] A high-precision analog-to-digital converter continuously samples the voltage across the contacts and the current in the circuit. This data completely records the waveforms of the entire process from contact closure to separation, and then to the generation and extinction of the arc, providing the original basis for subsequent calculation of arc energy and analysis of time deviation.

[0064] In some embodiments, data acquisition can be achieved in multiple ways: The selected chip triggers an external high-precision synchronous sampling chip, which pulls up the chip select signal at the same time as the break command is issued, continuously reads the converted digital value, adds a precise timestamp tag, and stores it in high-speed RAM.

[0065] It is understandable that other methods can be used to acquire waveform data, and no specific method is specified here.

[0066] S106. Integrate the product of the voltage data and the loop current data within the breaking time corresponding to the breaking command to calculate the actual arc energy.

[0067] The actual arc energy refers to the total Joule heat actually generated in the contact gap during this breaking operation; the breaking time refers to the time period from the start of contact separation to the complete extinguishing of the arc.

[0068] Specifically, the essence of an electric arc is the release of energy, and its instantaneous power equals the arc voltage multiplied by the arc current. The voltage and current data sequences acquired in the previous step are multiplied point by point to obtain the instantaneous power sequence. Then, within the effective breaking time window, these power values ​​are integrated over time. The integral result directly reflects the total heat released during this breaking process. If the breaking is perfect (breaking at zero), the current is close to zero, and the integral result will be minimal; if the breaking deviates from zero and an arc is generated, the integral result will increase.

[0069] In some embodiments, the actual arc energy can be calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, the trapezoidal integral method or Simpson's integral method can be used to write an algorithm in the microprocessor to multiply the voltage value and current value of each sampling period by the sampling time interval, and then sum the results of all periods.

[0070] It is understandable that other methods can be used to calculate energy, and no specific method is specified here.

[0071] In some embodiments, considering the hidden high-frequency oscillating arcs that are easily generated in high-altitude photovoltaic scenarios and the dust pollution on the contacts caused by environmental wind and sand, a high-frequency noise weighted correction and self-cleaning strategy can be introduced to identify microscopic electrolytic corrosion risks and actively remove accumulated dust, thereby breaking the control dead loop caused by environmental pollution.

[0072] Specifically, the collected loop current data is first subjected to digital high-pass filtering (e.g., using a Butterworth filter) to filter out the power frequency component and extract the high-frequency current component with a frequency higher than a preset threshold. This preset threshold is usually determined by technicians through spectrum analysis experiments based on the switching frequency of the photovoltaic inverter and the inherent oscillation frequency of the LC circuit. The root mean square value of this high-frequency component is calculated to obtain the arc high-frequency noise intensity, which reflects the severity of micro-electro-erosion on the contact surface.

[0073] Next, the absolute value integral of the product of voltage and current is calculated to obtain the basic arc energy (macroscopic thermal effect). To prevent high-frequency, low-energy arcs from being missed, a weighting coefficient is constructed using the high-frequency noise intensity of the arc (the higher the noise, the larger the coefficient), which amplifies and corrects the basic arc energy to obtain the actual arc energy. This allows even harmful faults with small macroscopic energy but violent oscillations to trigger the system's adjustment mechanism.

[0074] Furthermore, a historical database is established to statistically analyze the changing trend of high-frequency arc noise intensity during a series of consecutive predetermined statistical counts (e.g., 5 consecutive times, based on a statistical confidence level). If, in multiple consecutive operations, the noise intensity consistently exceeds a predetermined contamination threshold (based on a baseline noise measurement of clean contacts), non-phase physical contamination (such as conductive dust) is identified in the contact gap. At this point, the update of the mechanical action delay based on the time deviation value is paused to prevent algorithm divergence, and a powerful breaking command is generated. This command controls the circuit breaker to break at the peak current moment during the next disconnection. The strong arc thermal airflow generated by the high current and the magnetic blowing force create a blowing effect, physically removing the conductive dust adsorbed on the contacts and the arc-extinguishing chamber walls. After the cleaning operation is completed, normal adaptive control logic is restored.

[0075] Through the above steps, not only can high-frequency electrolytic corrosion hazards that cannot be detected by traditional integral methods be identified, but the self-cleaning function is also cleverly achieved by utilizing the arc energy of the controlled object itself. This solves the problem of continuous discharge noise interference caused by dust accumulation due to high altitudes, avoids the control algorithm from falling into an ineffective adjustment loop due to the inability to eliminate physical pollution, and extends the maintenance cycle of the equipment in unattended environments.

[0076] S107. When the actual arc energy is greater than the allowable arc energy threshold, determine the direction of the contact action time deviation based on the rise slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the circuit current data, and calculate the time deviation value.

[0077] Among them, the rising slope refers to the rate at which the voltage waveform changes with time (dV / dt); polarity refers to whether the current is in the positive or negative half-cycle; the direction of time deviation is used to indicate whether the actual action time is earlier or later than the ideal current zero-crossing point; and the time deviation value is used to indicate the absolute value of the time difference between the actual action time and the ideal time.

[0078] Specifically, if the calculated actual arc energy exceeds the allowable threshold, it indicates a significant error in the current disconnection, resulting in a harmful arc. The source of this error needs to be analyzed. By analyzing the voltage waveform, if the voltage rises extremely rapidly (characteristic of overvoltage during current cutting), it usually means the disconnection was too early (forced disconnection when the current is high); if the voltage rises slowly and is accompanied by oscillations, it usually means the disconnection was too late (long arc burning time). Combining the current polarity, a preset logic matrix or waveform feature library can be used to infer whether the contact operated before or after the zero point, and the specific time deviation in milliseconds can be calculated based on the arc's duration or energy magnitude.

[0079] In some embodiments, the time deviation value can be calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, the tangent slope of the voltage waveform at the moment of arc initiation can be extracted. If the slope is greater than the preset current throttling slope threshold, it is determined to be too early, and the deviation value is set to the preset step size or calculated according to the energy ratio. If the slope is less than the threshold, it is determined to be too late, and the deviation value is equal to half the duration of the arc.

[0080] It is understandable that other methods can be used to diagnose deviations, and no specific method is specified here.

[0081] In some embodiments, if it is detected that the electric arc is stuck on the contact surface and cannot spread due to the thin air at high altitude, a magnetic blow-assisted time offset can be introduced to actively deviate from the zero point of disconnection, and the electric arc can be driven by the magnetic field force generated by the current to quickly extinguish the arc and protect the contacts.

[0082] Specifically, the average voltage rise rate during arcing is first calculated. This rise rate reflects the speed at which the arc is elongated and enters the arc-extinguishing chamber. This rate is then compared to a preset magnetic blowout critical rate. This critical rate is typically determined by technicians testing the circuit breaker in a low-pressure test chamber, calibrating the minimum voltage rise rate required for the arc to successfully enter the arc-extinguishing grid. If the actual rise rate is below this threshold, it indicates that although the current arc energy is not high (because it is close to zero), the low air density at high altitudes causes the arc to diverge and lack sufficient magnetic driving force, resulting in it stalling at the same point on the contact surface and burning. At this point, the minimum magnetic blowout current value required to drive the arc movement under the current air density is calculated based on the real-time air pressure value (the lower the air pressure, the greater the required current). Next, based on the analytical expression of the sinusoidal main circuit current waveform, the time difference relative to zero when the current reaches this minimum magnetic blowout value is calculated; this is the magnetic blowout auxiliary time offset. Finally, this offset is added to the mechanical action delay time so that the next break is deliberately performed at a slightly higher current (rather than at absolute zero), thereby using the enhanced Lorentz force generated by the non-zero current to blow the arc.

[0083] The above steps solve the problem of electric arcs stalling on the contact surface due to insufficient magnetic driving force in the thin air at high altitudes. By sacrificing a small amount of phase accuracy to obtain sufficient magnetic blow-out current, the Lorentz force is used to force the arc into the arc-extinguishing chamber, avoiding continuous burning of the same point on the contact by a low-current arc, thereby extending the service life of the contact.

[0084] S108. The time deviation value is added to the mechanical action delay time for use in the next disconnection control.

[0085] Specifically, based on the time deviation value and direction calculated in the previous step, the mechanical action delay time parameters stored in the memory are updated. If the action is determined to be too early, it means the estimated delay is too long (leading to an early command), and the deviation value needs to be subtracted; if the action is determined to be too late, it means the estimated delay is too short (leading to an late command), and the deviation value needs to be added. In this way, the experience gained from the previous error is transformed into parameter correction, so that the stored mechanical delay time continuously approaches the actual physical delay, thereby ensuring that the current zero-crossing point can be hit more accurately during the next interruption.

[0086] In some embodiments, parameter updates can be implemented in multiple ways: Optionally, the calculated time deviation value can be directly added to the original mechanical action delay time variable with a sign, and immediately written into a non-volatile memory (such as EEPROM) for storage; Optionally, a weighted moving average algorithm can be used to multiply the current deviation value by a small weighting coefficient, merge it with the weighted sum of historical deviation values, and then update the mechanical action delay time to prevent drastic parameter fluctuations caused by a single, occasional disturbance.

[0087] It is understandable that other methods can be used to achieve iterative optimization of control parameters, which are not limited here.

[0088] In the above embodiments, by combining real-time air pressure and temperature to dynamically compensate control parameters and correcting the breaking timing based on actual arc energy feedback, the action error caused by differences in high-altitude environment and mechanical characteristic drift is eliminated, ensuring that the circuit breaker always breaks at the current zero-crossing point, suppressing the generation of harmful arcs, reducing the erosion of contacts by arc heat, and thus improving the service life of the grid-connected box in high-altitude environment.

[0089] In other embodiments of this application, when the thin air at high altitudes reduces the dielectric recovery strength of the contact gap, arc reignition may occur due to the inability to withstand the impact of transient recovery voltage. The adaptive control method for high-altitude grid-connected boxes provided in this application can calculate the required additional insulation distance based on the reignition waveform characteristics and convert it into an early disconnection compensation time, thereby ensuring that the contacts establish a sufficient withstand voltage gap to completely extinguish the arc.

[0090] like Figure 2 The diagram shown is another flowchart illustrating the adaptive control method for high-altitude grid-connected boxes provided in this application, including the following steps: S201. In response to the received routine disconnection command, collect the real-time air pressure and ambient temperature values ​​inside the grid-connected box.

[0091] S202. Multiply the preset reference arc energy threshold by the air pressure correction coefficient to obtain the allowable arc energy threshold under the current working conditions.

[0092] S203. Retrieve the mechanical action delay time of the previous interruption operation, add the temperature change compensation amount to the mechanical action delay time, and obtain the current execution delay time.

[0093] S204. Calculate the breaking time point by subtracting the current execution delay time from the time when the current crosses zero, and issue a breaking command to the circuit breaker at the breaking time point.

[0094] S205. After issuing the disconnection command, collect the voltage data and circuit current data at both ends of the contact at a preset sampling frequency.

[0095] S206. Integrate the product of the voltage data and the loop current data within the breaking time corresponding to the breaking command to calculate the actual arc energy.

[0096] Steps S201-S206 and Figure 1 Steps S101-S106 in the illustrated embodiment are similar and can be found in the descriptions of steps S101-S106, which will not be repeated here.

[0097] S207. Extract the transient recovery voltage waveform after the current crosses zero, and calculate the voltage change rate of the transient recovery voltage waveform.

[0098] Among them, voltage data refers to the potential difference sequence across the contacts obtained through a high-frequency sampling circuit; current zero crossing refers to the moment when the amplitude of the main circuit current drops to zero amperes or close to zero amperes; transient recovery voltage waveform refers to the voltage recovery curve with high-frequency oscillation characteristics that appears between the circuit breaker contacts at the instant of current interruption due to the oscillation effect of inductance and capacitance in the circuit; voltage change rate refers to the steepness of the voltage waveform rising over time (du / dt), which is usually used to measure the speed of voltage recovery.

[0099] Specifically, in high-altitude areas, due to the thin air, the dielectric recovery strength of the contact gap is reduced, making it susceptible to reignition due to transient recovery voltage. First, the time index point where the current data first returns to zero is located from the collected full-time data. Then, a predetermined length of voltage data is extracted after this time point as the transient recovery voltage waveform. Next, differential or derivative operations are performed on this waveform data to calculate the voltage change rate. If the voltage rise rate exceeds the recovery rate of the dielectric strength of the contact gap, the gap will break down.

[0100] In some embodiments, the voltage change rate can be calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, the digital sliding window differential method is used to select five consecutive sampling points at the beginning of the TRV waveform, and a straight line is fitted using the least squares method. The slope of this straight line is the voltage change rate. Optionally, by simulating a differentiating circuit in hardware, the voltage signal passes through an RC high-pass filter before entering the ADC, and the voltage amplitude at the output terminal is directly measured. This amplitude is proportional to the rate of change of the input signal. The processor directly reads this amplitude and converts it into a rate of change value.

[0101] It is understandable that other methods can be used to extract waveform features, and no limitation is made here.

[0102] S208. When the transient recovery voltage waveform rises first and then falls to the arc voltage, calculate the additional insulation distance required to resist the transient recovery voltage.

[0103] The waveform of rising first and then falling to the arc voltage refers to a typical dielectric breakdown or reignition waveform characteristic, that is, the voltage attempts to recover to the system voltage (rising), but is broken down due to insufficient gap insulation, and the voltage instantly collapses to a lower value that sustains arc combustion (falling); the arc voltage refers to the voltage drop between the contacts when the arc is burning stably, usually between tens of volts and hundreds of volts; the extra insulation distance refers to the additional straight-line distance that the contacts should be pulled apart at the same time to prevent this breakdown from occurring.

[0104] Specifically, when the TRV waveform exhibits the aforementioned spike-and-collapse characteristics, it indicates that reignition has occurred. This is usually because, at the instant the current crosses zero, although the moving contact has moved a certain distance, the air breakdown voltage threshold is reduced due to the low air pressure at high altitude (Paschen's Law), and the current contact spacing is insufficient to withstand the transient recovery voltage peak at that moment.

[0105] First, extract the highest voltage value (breakdown voltage) before the waveform collapses. Then, based on the Paschen curve or a preset formula for high-altitude air breakdown field strength, calculate the theoretical minimum safe gap distance required to withstand this voltage. Subtract the actual contact travel at the current moment (estimated based on the mechanical characteristic curve) from this theoretical distance to obtain the additional insulation distance that needs to be compensated.

[0106] In some embodiments, the additional insulation distance can be calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, a voltage-distance breakdown characteristic table (obtained experimentally) under different air pressures can be pre-stored in the controller. The required theoretical safe distance can be obtained by looking up the table based on the real-time air pressure value and the extracted breakdown voltage peak value, and then the estimated current actual distance can be subtracted. Optionally, the required total insulation distance can be directly calculated by dividing the breakdown voltage by the air dielectric strength (kV / mm) at the current air pressure using a linear approximation formula, and then subtracted from the current displacement calculated by the contact motion equation.

[0107] It is understandable that other methods can be used to quantify insulation requirements, which are not limited here.

[0108] S209. Convert the extra insulation distance into an early breakage compensation time, and use the early breakage compensation time as the time deviation value.

[0109] The time deviation value is used to indicate the amount of correction to the control parameters for the next break.

[0110] Specifically, retrieve the initial opening speed parameters of the circuit breaker operating mechanism (i.e., the average speed or instantaneous speed curve of the contact movement). Using the kinematic formula (time = distance / speed), divide the calculated extra insulation distance by the contact's speed to obtain the time required for the contact to travel this extra distance. This time is the amount of time needed to pre-operate in the next operation, marked as a negative time deviation value (meaning it needs to be pre-operated), so that subsequent steps can correct the mechanical delay parameters.

[0111] In some embodiments, conversion to advance interruption compensation time can be achieved in a variety of ways: Optionally, assuming the contact moves at a constant speed during the initial separation phase, the average initial separation velocity constant in the memory is directly read, and the compensation time is obtained by dividing the additional insulation distance by this constant.

[0112] It is understandable that other methods can be used to achieve the conversion of spatiotemporal parameters, which are not limited here.

[0113] S210. In the case that the transient recovery voltage waveform does not rise and then fall to the arc voltage, calculate the phase time difference based on the rise slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the loop current data, and use the phase time difference as the time deviation value.

[0114] Among them, the absence of a rise followed by a fall to the arc voltage means that the TRV waveform either rises smoothly to the recovery voltage (successful interruption) or remains at a low arc voltage (unextinguished arc), without any breakdown abrupt change; the phase time difference refers to the time value converted from the phase angle difference between the actual interruption moment and the ideal current zero-crossing point.

[0115] Specifically, if the waveform does not exhibit the breakdown characteristics of S208, it indicates that no dielectric recovery failure has occurred. The problem in this case may simply be a common arcing (excessive energy but no breakdown) caused by inaccurate disconnection timing. Reverting to the general phase calibration logic: analyze the slope of the voltage rise (to determine if it's a current-cutting overvoltage or an arcing voltage) and the polarity of the current (to determine if it's the positive or negative half-cycle), thereby inferring whether the contacts separated too early before zero or too late after zero.

[0116] Calculate the time difference between the actual action point and the most recent zero point, and use it as the time deviation value to fine-tune the timing of the next action, so as to get closer to the zero point and thus reduce the arc energy.

[0117] In some embodiments, the phase time difference can be calculated in a variety of ways: Optionally, by detecting the moment when the voltage waveform begins to arc, the difference between that moment and the theoretical zero-crossing moment of the main circuit current can be calculated to directly obtain the millisecond-level time deviation.

[0118] It is understandable that other methods can be used to calculate the regular deviation, and no limitation is made here.

[0119] In some embodiments, when the interruption time is significantly advanced to prevent reignition, the risk of overvoltage during current cutoff can be checked and environmental control can be linked to achieve a dual protection effect of preventing equipment damage due to excessively early interruption while avoiding reignition.

[0120] Specifically, the voltage rise rate at the initial moment of disconnection (i.e., the instant the contacts separate) is first calculated. According to arc physics, this rise rate is proportional to the contact opening speed; therefore, the actual separation speed of the circuit breaker's moving contact is calculated using a preset conversion coefficient. Subsequently, real-time air pressure and this actual separation speed are introduced, and the critical advance time threshold for triggering current-cutting overvoltage under the current operating condition is calculated using a current-cutting-air pressure coupling model. Current-cutting overvoltage refers to the extremely high voltage spike generated by the release of inductor energy when the current is forcibly interrupted before it has naturally crossed zero. The lower the air pressure, the easier it is for the air to break down, but it is also easier for unstable arc current-cutting to occur. This threshold represents the earliest permissible disconnection time; exceeding this limit, although sufficient distance can be created to prevent reignition, will trigger a more dangerous current-cutting overvoltage.

[0121] Next, it is determined whether the advance interruption compensation time calculated in the previous steps exceeds the critical advance time threshold. If it does (i.e., "if so"), it means that too much advance time is needed to prevent reignition, and the red line of current throttling overvoltage has been touched. At this time, instead of performing a large advance, the time deviation value is forcibly corrected (clamped) to the critical advance time threshold to prioritize ensuring that current throttling damage does not occur.

[0122] Simultaneously, a heating command is generated to activate the heating and dehumidification device within the grid-connected box. This is because significant reignition risks are often related to mechanical lag and decreased insulation performance caused by low temperatures. By actively heating until the ambient temperature rises back to a preset safe temperature range (set according to the temperature change characteristics of the insulation material), the mechanical speed and gas insulation status can be improved from a physical perspective, thereby naturally reducing the need for early disconnection in the next operation.

[0123] Through the above steps, by setting safety boundaries and linking them with environmental controls, we can prevent destructive overvoltage caused by excessive pursuit of insulation distance, and eliminate the hidden danger of reignition by improving the physical environment (heating), thus achieving synergistic optimization of control strategy and physical environment.

[0124] S211. The time deviation value is added to the mechanical action delay time for use in the next disconnection control.

[0125] Step S211 and Figure 1Step S108 in the illustrated embodiment is similar and can be found in the description of step S108, which will not be repeated here.

[0126] In the above embodiments, by analyzing the breakdown characteristics of the transient recovery voltage waveform, the additional insulation distance required to resist low-pressure environments is calculated and converted into advance compensation time for the breaking action. This allows the circuit breaker to proactively advance its operation, creating sufficient physical gaps before the voltage recovery peak arrives, thereby resisting transient voltage surges with greater insulation strength. This eliminates the risk of dielectric breakdown and reignition caused by thin air, and improves the breaking success rate and service life of the equipment in extreme high-altitude environments.

[0127] The following describes an exemplary high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system 300 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is an exemplary hardware structure diagram of the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system 300 provided in this application embodiment.

[0128] In some embodiments, the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system 300 is a computer device or includes a computer device in the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system 300. The computer device includes a processor, memory, and a network interface connected via a system bus. The processor of the computer device provides computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device stores data. The network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with other external terminals or servers via a network connection. In some embodiments, the network interface can be a wired network interface; in some embodiments, the network interface can also be a wireless network interface. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the methods in the embodiments of this application.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0130] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0131] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

[0132] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive), etc.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. An adaptive control method for a high-altitude grid-connected box, characterized in that, include: In response to the received routine disconnection command, the real-time air pressure and ambient temperature values ​​inside the grid-connected enclosure are collected; Multiply the preset reference arc energy threshold by the air pressure correction coefficient to obtain the allowable arc energy threshold under the current working conditions. The pressure correction factor is calculated based on the real-time pressure value; The allowable arc energy threshold is proportional to the real-time air pressure value; Retrieve the mechanical action delay time of the last break operation, and add the temperature change compensation amount to the mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time; The temperature change compensation amount is determined based on the difference between the ambient temperature value and the reference temperature; The breaking time is calculated by subtracting the current execution delay time from the current zero-crossing time, and a breaking command is issued to the circuit breaker at the breaking time; the current zero-crossing time is the time when the next current in the main circuit current waveform is at zero. After issuing the disconnection command, voltage data and loop current data at both ends of the contact are collected at a preset sampling frequency; The product of the voltage data and the loop current data is integrated within the breaking time corresponding to the breaking command to calculate the actual arc energy; When the actual arc energy is greater than the allowable arc energy threshold, the direction of the contact action time deviation is determined based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the circuit current data, and the time deviation value is calculated. The time deviation value is added to the mechanical action delay time for use in the next disconnection control.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the actual arc energy is greater than the allowable arc energy threshold, the direction of the contact action time deviation is determined based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the circuit current data, and the time deviation value is calculated, specifically including: Extract the transient recovery voltage waveform of the voltage data after the current crosses zero, and calculate the voltage change rate of the transient recovery voltage waveform; Calculate the additional insulation distance required to resist the transient recovery voltage when the transient recovery voltage waveform first rises and then falls to the arc voltage; The additional insulation distance is converted into an early disconnection compensation time, and the early disconnection compensation time is used as a time deviation value. If the transient recovery voltage waveform does not rise and then fall to the arc voltage, the phase time difference is calculated based on the rise slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the loop current data, and the phase time difference is used as the time deviation value.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After converting the additional insulation distance into an early breakage compensation time and using the early breakage compensation time as a time deviation value, the method further includes: Calculate the voltage rise rate at the start of the disconnection of the voltage data across the contacts, and calculate the actual separation speed of the moving contacts of the circuit breaker based on the voltage rise rate. Based on the real-time air pressure value and the actual separation speed, calculate the critical advance time threshold that will trigger current throttling overvoltage under the current operating conditions; Determine whether the early termination compensation time exceeds the critical early time threshold; If so, the time deviation value is corrected to the critical advance time threshold, and a heating command is generated; the heating command is to start the heating and dehumidification device in the grid-connected box until the ambient temperature value rises back to the preset safe temperature range.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of integrating the product of the voltage data and the loop current data within the breaking time corresponding to the breaking command to calculate the actual arc energy specifically includes: The collected loop current data is subjected to high-pass filtering to extract high-frequency current components with frequencies higher than a preset threshold. The root mean square value of the high-frequency current component is calculated to obtain the high-frequency noise intensity of the electric arc. The basic arc energy is obtained by integrating the absolute value of the product of the voltage data and the loop current data within the interruption time. A weighting coefficient is constructed using the intensity of the high-frequency noise of the electric arc, and the base electric arc energy is amplified and corrected using the weighting coefficient to obtain the actual electric arc energy; the high-frequency noise of the electric arc is proportional to the weighting coefficient.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After constructing a weighting coefficient using the high-frequency noise intensity of the electric arc, and using the weighting coefficient to amplify and correct the basic electric arc energy to obtain the actual electric arc energy, the method further includes: The continuous variation trend of the high-frequency noise intensity of the electric arc during the segmentation operation with a preset number of consecutive statistical counts; If the continuous change trend is higher than the preset pollution threshold, the mechanical action delay time update based on the time deviation value is paused, and a powerful disconnection command is generated. The powerful disconnection command controls the circuit breaker to disconnect at the current peak moment, uses the air blowing effect generated by the high current arc to remove conductive dust from the contact gap and the arc extinguishing chamber wall, and resumes the adaptive control based on the time deviation value after the removal is completed.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of retrieving the mechanical action delay time of the previous segmentation operation and adding the temperature compensation amount to the mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time specifically includes: Retrieve the historical mechanical action delay time of the last breakout operation; Obtain the main circuit current data within a preset time period before the issuance of this disconnection command, and calculate the square integral value of the main circuit current data to obtain the contact heat accumulation index; The heat dissipation correction coefficient is determined using the real-time air pressure value, and the heat dissipation correction coefficient is used to correct the contact heat accumulation index. The micro-welding hysteresis delay time is calculated based on the corrected contact heat accumulation index. The lower the real-time air pressure value, the smaller the heat dissipation correction coefficient, and the longer the micro-welding hysteresis delay time. The viscosity hysteresis time is calculated based on the difference between the ambient temperature and the reference temperature. The viscous delay time and the viscosity hysteresis time are superimposed on the historical mechanical action delay time to obtain the current execution delay time.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the direction of the contact action time deviation based on the rising slope of the voltage data and the polarity of the circuit current data, and calculating the time deviation value, the method further includes: Calculate the average voltage ramp-up rate of the voltage data during the arcing period; If the average voltage rise rate is lower than the preset magnetic blow-out critical rate, the minimum magnetic blow-out current value at the current air density is calculated based on the real-time air pressure value. Based on the main circuit current waveform, the minimum magnetic blow-out current value is converted into the corresponding magnetic blow-out auxiliary time offset. The magnetic blow-off time offset is superimposed on the mechanical action delay time.

8. An adaptive control system for a high-altitude grid-connected box, characterized in that, The high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A computer program product containing instructions, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system, the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system, the high-altitude grid-connected box adaptive control system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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